Reducing interference of uwb signals on gps receivers

Abstract

Aspects presented herein can enable a UE to avoid its UWB communication interfering with a GNSS receiver. In one aspect, a UE detects a set of satellite signals of at least one satellite communication channel. The UE identifies a frequency of the set of detected satellite signals in the at least one satellite communication channel. The UE selects a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) for ultra-wideband (UWB) communication of the UE, where the selected PRF is not an integer multiple of the identified frequency of the set of detected satellite signals in the at least one satellite communication channel. In some examples, the UE can also perform the UWB communication based on the selected PRF and receive the set of detected satellite signals, where the performance of the UWB communication and the reception of the set of detected satellite signals are concurrent.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Non-Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 18 / 506,976, filed November 10, 2023, entitled “REDUCE UWB SIGNAL INTERFERENCE WITH GPS RECEIVER”, the entire contents of which are expressly incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates generally to communication systems, and more specifically to wireless communications with respect to ultra-wideband (UWB). Background Technology

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunications services, such as telephone, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources. Examples of such multiple access technologies include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems, and Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) systems.

[0005] These multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless devices to communicate at the city, national, regional, and even global levels. An example telecommunications standard is 5G New Radio (NR). 5G NR is part of the Continuous Evolution of Mobile Broadband (CEM) program issued by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to meet new requirements associated with latency, reliability, security, scalability (e.g., with the Internet of Things (IoT),) and other requirements. 5G NR includes services associated with enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communications (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). Some aspects of 5G NR can be based on the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard. Further improvements to 5G NR technology are needed. Furthermore, these improvements can also be applied to other multiple access technologies and telecommunications standards that adopt these technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The following is a simplified summary of one or more aspects to provide a basic understanding of these aspects. This summary is not a comprehensive overview of all conceived aspects. It neither identifies key or essential elements of all aspects nor describes the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed descriptions that follow.

[0007] In one aspect of this disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus detects a set of satellite signals in at least one satellite communication channel. The apparatus identifies the frequency of the detected set of satellite signals in the at least one satellite communication channel. The apparatus selects a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) for ultra-wideband (UWB) communication of a user equipment (UE), wherein the selected PRF is not an integer multiple of the identified frequency of the detected set of satellite signals in the at least one satellite communication channel.

[0008] To achieve the foregoing and related objectives, one or more aspects may include the features fully described below and specifically pointed out in the claims. The following description and drawings set forth some exemplary features of one or more aspects in detail. However, these features indicate only a few of the various ways in which the principles of the various aspects may be employed. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication system and an access network.

[0010] Figure 2A This is an illustration of an example of the first frame according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0011] Figure 2B This is a diagram illustrating examples of downlink (DL) channels within a subframe according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0012] Figure 2C This is an illustration of an example of a second frame according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0013] Figure 2D This is a diagram illustrating examples of uplink (UL) channels within a subframe according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating examples of base stations and user equipment (UEs) in an access network.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating an example of UE positioning based on reference signal measurements.

[0016] Figure 5This is an illustration illustrating examples of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0017] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating example operating bandwidths of ultra-wideband (UWB) according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0018] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating example navigation bands of GNSS according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0019] Figure 8A This is a diagram illustrating examples of power spectral density (PSD) for various pulse repetition frequencies (PRFs) according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0020] Figure 8B These are illustrations of examples of PSDs of various PRFs according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0021] Figure 9 This is an example signaling communication flow between the user space level and the media access control (MAC) level (e.g., within the UE) for dynamically selecting a PRF based on the operating frequency of a GNSS receiver, according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 10A This is a diagram illustrating examples of beacon frame formats according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0023] Figure 10B This is an illustration of examples of enhanced beacon frame formats according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0024] Figure 11A This is an illustration illustrating examples of the header IE format according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0025] Figure 11B This is an illustration of examples of element identifiers / identifiers (IDs) in headers of IE according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0026] Figure 12 This is a flowchart of a wireless communication method.

[0027] Figure 13 This is a flowchart of a wireless communication method.

[0028] Figure 14 These are illustrations illustrating specific hardware implementations used for example devices and / or network entities. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The aspects presented herein enable wireless devices to reduce interference with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers in the presence of ultra-wideband (UWB) devices / chipsets / transceivers. For example, the aspects presented herein enable wireless devices capable of performing UWB communication or simultaneously performing both GNSS-based positioning and UWB communication (e.g., wireless devices including both GNSS receivers / chipsets and UWB transceivers / chipsets) to prevent UWB communication interference (e.g., affecting / degrading) the performance of GNSS-based positioning.

[0030] In one aspect of this disclosure, a wireless device capable of performing UWB communication (and optionally GNSS-based positioning) can be configured to dynamically select a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) based on the operating frequency of a GNSS receiver. For example, the UWB device can be configured to perform an energy detection (ED) scan of the GNSS channel for a period of time to detect the presence of any GNSS signal before performing an actual scan and / or establishing a connection with a peer UWB device (e.g., a UWB channel). If the UWB device detects a GNSS signal, it can be configured to select a PRF that is not an integer multiple of the detected GNSS signal to avoid interfering with the GNSS receiver on which it is operating. For example, if the GNSS receiver operates at 1.575 GHz, the UWB device can be configured to avoid selecting a PRF that is an integer multiple of 1.575 GHz (e.g., 7.875 MHz, 15.75 MHz, 31.5 MHz, 78.75 MHz, etc.). UWB devices can be specified to perform ED scans periodically and even after being connected to a peer UWB peer on a GNSS channel, to employ different PRFs other than integer multiples of the GNSS receiver.

[0031] The detailed descriptions following, illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings, describe various configurations and do not represent the only configurations in which the concepts described herein can be practiced. To provide a thorough understanding of the various concepts, the detailed descriptions include specific details. However, these concepts can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring these concepts.

[0032] Various apparatuses and methods are presented with reference to several aspects of a telecommunications system. These apparatuses and methods are described in detail below and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively, “elements”). These elements can be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether these elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole.

[0033] As an example, an element, any part of an element, or any combination of elements may be implemented as a "processing system" including one or more processors. When multiple processors are implemented, the multiple processors may perform functions individually or in combination. Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs), central processing units (CPUs), application processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors, system-on-a-chip (SoCs), baseband processors, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), state machines, gate logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functionalities described throughout this disclosure. One or more processors in a processing system may execute software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other terms, software should be broadly interpreted as instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software components, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, or any combination thereof.

[0034] Therefore, in one or more example aspects, specific implementations, and / or use cases, the described functionality may be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functionality may be stored or encoded as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media. Storage media can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, such computer-readable media may include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), optical disc storage devices, magnetic disk storage devices, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of these types of computer-readable media, or any other medium that can be used to store computer-executable code in the form of instructions or data structures accessible by a computer.

[0035] While aspects, implementations, and / or use cases are described herein by way of example, additional or different aspects, implementations, and / or use cases may arise in many different arrangements and scenarios. The aspects, implementations, and / or use cases described herein can be implemented across many different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and package arrangements. For example, aspects, implementations, and / or use cases may arise via integrated chip implementations and other devices based on non-modular components (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / purchasing devices, medical devices, AI-enabled devices, etc.). While some examples may or may not be specific to a use case or application, the described examples may exhibit broad applicability. Aspects, implementations, and / or use cases can range from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip-level implementations, and further to aggregated, distributed, or original equipment manufacturer (OEM) devices or systems incorporating one or more of the technologies described herein. In some practical settings, devices incorporating the described aspects and features may also include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the claimed and described aspects. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals necessarily involve multiple components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, RF chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders / summers, etc.). The techniques described herein can be practiced in a wide variety of devices, chip-level components, systems, distributed arrangements, aggregated or decomposed components, end-user equipment, etc., of various sizes, shapes, and configurations.

[0036] The deployment of communication systems such as 5G NR systems can be arranged in a variety of ways using various components or parts. In a 5G NR system or network, network nodes, network entities, network mobility elements, radio access network (RAN) nodes, core network nodes, network elements or network equipment (such as base stations (BS)) or one or more units (or components) performing base station functions can be implemented in aggregated or decomposed architectures. For example, BSs (such as Node B (NB), evolved NB (eNB), NR BS, 5G NB, access point (AP), transmit / receive point (TRP), or cell, etc.) can be implemented as aggregated base stations (also known as standalone BS or monolithic BS) or decomposed base stations.

[0037] Aggregated base stations can be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node. Decentralized base stations can be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed across two or more units, such as one or more central or centralized units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs). In some respects, the CU may be implemented within a RAN node, and one or more DUs may co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed across one or more other RAN nodes. DUs may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CUs, DUs, and RUs may be implemented as a virtual unit, namely a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU).

[0038] Base station operation or network design can take into account the aggregation characteristics of base station functionality. For example, decomposed base stations can be utilized in Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) networks, Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN (such as network configurations initiated by the O-RAN Alliance)), or Virtualized Radio Access Networks (vRAN, also known as Cloud Radio Access Networks (C-RAN)). Decomposition can include distributing functionality across two or more units in various physical locations, as well as virtually distributing the functionality of at least one unit, which enables flexibility in network design. The various units of a decomposed base station or decomposed RAN architecture can be configured to communicate wirelessly with at least one other unit.

[0039] Figure 1 Figure 100 illustrates an example of a wireless communication system and access network. The illustrated wireless communication system includes a decomposed base station architecture. The decomposed base station architecture may include one or more CUs 110, which may communicate directly with the core network 120 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 120 via one or more decomposed base station units, such as a near real-time (near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) 125 via an E2 link, or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC 115 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) framework 105, or both. CUs 110 may communicate with one or more DUs 130 via a corresponding midhaul link (such as an F1 interface). DUs 130 may communicate with one or more RUs 140 via a corresponding fronthaul link. RUs 140 may communicate with a corresponding UE 104 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 140.

[0040] Each of the units (i.e., CU 110, DU 130, RU 140, and near-RT RIC 125, non-RT RIC 115, and SMO frame 105) may include or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via wired or wireless transmission media. Each of the units, or an associated processor or controller providing instructions to the communication interfaces of these units, may be configured to communicate with one or more other units via transmission media. For example, these units may include wired interfaces configured to receive signals via wired transmission media or transmit signals to one or more other units. Additionally, these units may include wireless interfaces that may include receivers, transmitters, or transceivers (such as RF transceivers) configured to receive signals via wireless transmission media or transmit signals to one or more other units, or both.

[0041] In some aspects, the CU 110 can host one or more higher-level control functions. Such control functions may include Radio Resource Control (RRC), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), etc. Each control function can be implemented using an interface configured to signal to other control functions hosted by the CU 110. The CU 110 can be configured to handle user plane functionality (i.e., Central Unit-User Plane (CU-UP)), control plane functionality (i.e., Central Unit-Control Plane (CU-CP)), or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the CU 110 can be logically divided into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP units can communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP units via an interface such as an E1 interface. The CU 110 can be implemented to communicate with the DU 130 for network control and signaling, as needed.

[0042] DU 130 may correspond to a logic unit that includes one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RU 140s. In some aspects, DU 130 may at least partially host one or more of the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Media Access Control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation, demodulation, etc.) according to functional splits (such as those defined by 3GPP). In some aspects, DU 130 may also host one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (or module) may be implemented using an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by DU 130 or with control functions hosted by CU 110.

[0043] Lower-layer functionality can be implemented by one or more RU 140s. In some deployments, an RU140 controlled by a DU 130 may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions or low-PHY layer functions (such as performing Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, or both, based at least in part on functional decomposition (such as lower-layer functional decomposition). In such architectures, the RU 140 may be implemented to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UE 104s. In some specific implementations, the real-time and non-real-time aspects of communication with the control plane and user plane of the RU 140 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 130. In some scenarios, this configuration enables the implementation of the DU 130 and CU 110 in a cloud-based RAN architecture (such as a vRAN architecture).

[0044] SMO framework 105 can be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of both non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, SMO framework 105 can be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which can be managed via operation and maintenance interfaces such as the O1 interface. For virtualized network elements, SMO framework 105 can be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform such as Open Cloud (O-Cloud) 190 to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface such as the O2 interface. Such virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, CU 110, DU 130, RU 140, and near-RT RIC 125. In some implementations, SMO framework 105 can communicate with the hardware aspects of the 4G RAN (such as Open eNB (O-eNB) 111) via the O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, SMO framework 105 can communicate directly with one or more RU 140s via the O1 interface. SMO framework 105 may also include a non-RT RIC 115 configured to support the functionality of SMO framework 105.

[0045] The non-RT RIC 115 can be configured to include logical functions enabling non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, including artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) workflows for model training and updates, or policy-based guidance for applications / features in the near-RT RIC 125. The non-RT RIC 115 can be coupled to or communicate with the near-RT RIC 125 (e.g., via an A1 interface). The near-RT RIC 125 can be configured to include logical functions enabling near real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions through an interface (e.g., via an E2 interface) that connects one or more CU 110s, one or more DU 130s, or both, and O-eNBs to the near-RT RIC 125.

[0046] In some implementations, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 125, the non-RT RIC 115 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. This information can be utilized by the near-RT RIC 125 and can be received from non-network data sources or network functions at the SMO framework 105 or the non-RT RIC 115. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 115 or the near-RT RIC 125 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 115 may monitor long-term trends and patterns in performance and use AI / ML models to perform corrective actions via the SMO framework 105 (such as reconfiguration via O1) or by creating RAN management policies (such as A1 policies).

[0047] At least one of CU 110, DU 130, and RU 140 may be referred to as base station 102. Therefore, base station 102 may include one or more of CU 110, DU 130, and RU 140 (each component is indicated by a dashed line to indicate that each component may or may not be included in base station 102). Base station 102 provides UE 104 with an access point to core network 120. Base station 102 may include macro cells (high-power cellular base stations) and / or small cells (low-power cellular base stations). Small cells include femtocells, picocells, and microcells. A network that includes both small cells and macro cells may be referred to as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneous network may also include an evolved home node B (eNB) (HeNB), which can provide service to a restricted group referred to as a closed subscriber group (CSG). The communication link between RU140 and UE 104 may include uplink (UL) transmission (also known as reverse link) from UE 104 to RU 140 and / or downlink (DL) transmission (also known as forward link) transmission from RU 140 to UE 104. The communication link may utilize multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna techniques, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication link may use one or more carriers. For each direction, the total number of carriers used for transmission can be up to [number missing]. Yx MHz ( x For each carrier allocated in carrier aggregation (of component carriers), base station 102 / UE 104 can use up to [number] carriers. Y A spectrum with a bandwidth of MHz (e.g., 5MHz, 10MHz, 15MHz, 20MHz, 100MHz, 400MHz, etc.). Carriers may be adjacent to each other or may not be adjacent to each other. Carrier allocation may be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated to DL compared to UL). Component carriers may include primary component carriers and one or more secondary component carriers. The primary component carrier may be referred to as the primary cell (PCell) and the secondary component carrier may be referred to as the secondary cell (SCell).

[0048] Some UEs 104 can communicate with each other using device-to-device (D2D) communication link 158. D2D communication link 158 can use DL / UL wireless wide area network (WWAN) spectrum. D2D communication link 158 can use one or more sidelink channels, such as Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel (PSBCH), Physical Sidelink Discovery Channel (PSDCH), Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH), and Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH). D2D communication can be performed through various wireless D2D communication systems, such as Bluetooth. ™ (Bluetooth is a trademark of the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG), and is based on the IEEE 802.11 standard for Wi-Fi.)™ (Wi-Fi is a trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance), LTE, or NR.

[0049] The wireless communication system may also include a Wi-Fi AP 150, which communicates with the UE 104 (also referred to as a Wi-Fi station (STA)) via a communication link 154, for example, in an unlicensed spectrum such as 5 GHz. When communicating in unlicensed spectrum, the UE 104 / AP 150 may perform a free channel assessment (CCA) to determine whether the channel is available before communication.

[0050] The electromagnetic spectrum is typically subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc., based on frequency / wavelength. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been designated as frequency ranges FR1 (410MHz to 7.125GHz) and FR2 (24.25GHz to 52.6GHz). Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6GHz, FR1 is generally (interchangeably) referred to as the "sub-6GHz" band in various documents and articles. Similar naming issues sometimes occur with FR2, which is generally (interchangeably) referred to as the "millimeter wave" band in documents and articles, although this is distinct from the Extremely High Frequency (EHF) band (30GHz to 300GHz) designated as "millimeter wave" by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0051] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR studies have identified the operating bands used for these mid-band frequencies as the frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz). Bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 and / or FR2 characteristics, thus effectively extending the features of FR1 and / or FR2 to mid-band frequencies. Furthermore, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as the frequency range designations FR2-2 (52.6 GHz to 71 GHz), FR4 (71 GHz to 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz to 300 GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

[0052] In view of the above, unless otherwise specifically stated, the term "below 6 GHz" as used herein can broadly refer to frequencies less than 6 GHz, within FR1, or including intermediate frequency band frequencies. Furthermore, unless otherwise specifically stated, the term "millimeter wave" as used herein can broadly refer to frequencies that can include intermediate frequency band frequencies, within FR2, FR4, FR2-2 and / or FR5, or within the EHF band.

[0053] Base station 102 and UE 104 may each include multiple antennas (such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and / or antenna arrays) to facilitate beamforming. Base station 102 may transmit beamformed signals 182 to UE 104 in one or more transmit directions. UE 104 may receive beamformed signals from base station 102 in one or more receive directions. UE 104 may also transmit beamformed signals 184 to base station 102 in one or more transmit directions. Base station 102 may receive beamformed signals from UE 104 in one or more receive directions. Base station 102 / UE 104 may perform beamforming training to determine the optimal receive and transmit directions for each of base station 102 / UE 104. The transmit and receive directions of base station 102 may be the same or different. The transmit and receive directions of UE 104 may be the same or different.

[0054] Base station 102 may include and / or be referred to as gNB, Node B, eNB, access point, base transceiver, radio base station, radio transceiver, transceiver function, basic service set (BSS), extended service set (ESS), TRP, network node, network entity, network equipment, or some other suitable terminology. Base station 102 may be implemented as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, relay node, sidelink node, aggregated (monolithic) base station with baseband units (BBU) (including CU and DU) and RU, or may be implemented as a decomposed base station including one or more of CU, DU, and / or RU. A collection of base stations that may include decomposed base stations and / or aggregated base stations may be referred to as Next Generation (NG) RAN (NG-RAN).

[0055] The core network 120 may include Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 161, Session Management Function (SMF) 162, User Plane Function (UPF) 163, Unified Data Management (UDM) 164, one or more location servers 168, and other functional entities. AMF 161 is the control node that processes signaling between UE 104 and the core network 120. AMF 161 supports registration management, connection management, mobility management, and other functions. SMF 162 supports session management and other functions. UPF 163 supports packet routing, packet forwarding, and other functions. UDM 164 supports authentication and key agreement (AKA) credential generation, user identity processing, access authorization, and subscription management. One or more location servers 168 are exemplified as including a Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) 165 and a Location Management Function (LMF) 166. However, generally, one or more location servers 168 may include one or more location / positioning servers, which may include one or more of GMLC 165, LMF 166, Position Determination Entity (PDE), Serving Mobile Location Center (SMLC), Mobile Location Center (MPC), etc. GMLC 165 and LMF 166 support UE location services. GMLC 165 provides an interface for clients / applications (e.g., emergency services) to access UE location information. LMF 166 receives measurement and auxiliary information from NG-RAN and UE 104 via AMF 161 to calculate the location of UE 104. NG-RAN may use one or more positioning methods to determine the location of UE 104. Positioning UE 104 may involve signal measurement, location estimation, and optional speed calculation based on these measurements. Signal measurement may be performed by UE 104 and / or base station 102 serving UE 104. The measured signals may be based on one or more of the following: Satellite Positioning System (SPS) 170 (e.g., one or more of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Global Positioning System (GPS), Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) or other satellite positioning / location systems), LTE signals, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) signals, Bluetooth signals, Terrestrial Beacon System (TBS), sensor-based information (e.g., barometric pressure sensor, motion sensor), NR Enhanced Cell ID (NR E-CID) method, NR signals (e.g., multiple round-trip time (multiple RTT), DL departure angle (DL-AoD), DL time difference of arrival (DL-TDOA), UL time difference of arrival (UL-TDOA), and UL angle of arrival (UL-AoA) positioning) and / or other systems / signals / sensors.

[0056] Examples of UE 104 include cellular phones, smartphones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, laptops, personal digital assistants (PDAs), satellite radios, GPS devices, multimedia devices, video devices, digital audio players (e.g., MP3 players), cameras, game consoles, tablets, smart devices, wearable devices, vehicles, electricity meters, air pumps, large or small kitchen appliances, healthcare devices, implants, sensors / actuators, displays, or any other similarly functional device. Some UEs in UE 104 may be referred to as IoT devices (e.g., parking timers, air pumps, toasters, vehicles, heart monitors, etc.). UE 104 may also be referred to as a station, mobile station, subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, mobile phone, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology. In some scenarios, the term UE may also be applied to one or more companion devices, such as in a device constellation arrangement. One or more of these devices may access the network together and / or individually.

[0057] Refer again Figure 1 In some aspects, UE 104 may have a dynamic PRF selection component 198, which can be configured to: detect a set of satellite signals in at least one satellite communication channel; identify the frequency of the detected set of satellite signals in at least one satellite communication channel; and select a PRF for UWB communication for the UE, wherein the selected PRF is not an integer multiple of the identified frequency of the detected set of satellite signals in at least one satellite communication channel. In some aspects, base station 102 or one or more location servers 168 may have a dynamic PRF selection configuration component 199, which can be configured to provide UE 104 with configuration and / or parameters related to PRF selection.

[0058] Figure 2A Figure 200 illustrates an example of the first subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. Figure 2B Figure 230 illustrates an example of a DL channel within a 5G NR subframe. Figure 2C Figure 250 is an example of a second subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. Figure 2DFigure 280 illustrates an example of a UL channel within a 5G NR subframe. The 5G NR frame structure can be Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) (where subframes within a specific set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) are dedicated to either DL or UL) or Time Division Duplex (TDD) (where subframes within a specific set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) are dedicated to both DL and UL). Figure 2A , Figure 2C In the provided example, the 5G NR frame structure is assumed to be TDD, where subframe 4 is configured with slot format 28 (most of which are DL), where D is DL, U is UL, and F is flexible and can be used between DL / UL, and subframe 3 is configured with slot format 1 (all of which are UL). Although subframes 3 and 4 are shown as having slot formats 1 and 28 respectively, any particular subframe can be configured with any of the various available slot formats 0 to 61. Slot formats 0 and 1 are both DL and UL, respectively. Other slot formats 2 to 61 include a mixture of DL, UL, and flexible symbols. The slot format is configured for the UE via the received Slot Format Indicator (SFI) (dynamically configured via DL Control Information (DCI) or semi-statically / statically configured via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling). Note that the following description also applies to the 5G NR frame structure as TDD.

[0059] Figures 2A to 2D The frame structure is illustrated, and aspects of this disclosure are applicable to other wireless communication technologies that may have different frame structures and / or different channels. A frame (10 ms) can be divided into 10 equal-sized subframes (1 ms). Each subframe may include one or more time slots. Subframes may also include micro-time slots, which may include 7, 4, or 2 symbols. Each time slot may include 14 or 12 symbols, depending on whether the cyclic prefix (CP) is normal or extended. For normal CP, each time slot may include 14 symbols, and for extended CP, each time slot may include 12 symbols. Symbols on the DL may be CP Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) (CP-OFDM) symbols. Symbols on the UL may be CP-OFDM symbols (for high-throughput scenarios) or Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) Extended OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols (for power-constrained scenarios; limited to single-stream transmission). The number of time slots within a subframe is based on the CP and a parameter set. The parameter set defines the subcarrier spacing (SCS) (see Table 1). The symbol length / duration can be scaled by 1 / SCS.

[0060]

[0061] Table 1: Parameter Set, SCS, and CP

[0062] For a normal CP (14 symbols / slot), different parameter sets µ 0 through 4 allow 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. For an extended CP, parameter set 2 allows 4 slots per subframe. Therefore, for a normal CP and parameter set µ, there are 14 symbols / slot and 2... µ One time slot / subframe. Subcarrier spacing can be equal to ,in The parameter sets are 0 to 4. Therefore, the subcarrier spacing is 15 kHz for parameter set µ=0 and 240 kHz for parameter set µ=4. The symbol length / duration is negatively correlated with the subcarrier spacing. Figures 2A to 2D Examples of a normal frequency division multiplexing (CP) with 14 symbols per time slot and a parameter set of µ=2 with 4 time slots per subframe are provided. The time slot duration is 0.25 ms, the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 μs. Within the frame set, there may be one or more distinct bandwidth portions (BWPs) of frequency division multiplexing (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 2B Each BWP can have a specific set of parameters and CP (normal or extended).

[0063] A resource grid can be used to represent the frame structure. Each time slot consists of a resource block (RB) extending for 12 consecutive subcarriers (also known as a physical RB (PRB)). The resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs). The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

[0064] like Figure 2A As illustrated, some of the REs carry reference (pilot) signals (RS) for the UE. RS may include demodulation RS (DM-RS) (indicated as R for a particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) and channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. RS may also include beam measurement RS (BRS), beam refinement RS (BRRS), and phase tracking RS (PT-RS).

[0065] Figure 2BExamples of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) carries the DCI within one or more Control Channel Elements (CCEs) (e.g., 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs), each CCE comprising six RE Groups (REGs), each REG comprising 12 coherent REs in the OFDM symbol of the RB. A PDCCH within a BWP can be referred to as a Control Resource Set (CORESET). The UE is configured to monitor PDCCH candidates in the PDCCH search space (e.g., the common search space, the UE-specific search space) during PDCCH monitoring timing on the CORESET, where the PDCCH candidates have different DCI formats and different aggregation levels. Additional BWPs may be located at higher and / or lower frequencies on the channel bandwidth. The Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) may be located within symbol 2 of a specific subframe of the frame. The PSS is used by the UE 104 to determine subframe / symbol timing and physical layer identification. The Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) may be located within symbol 4 of a specific subframe of the frame. The SSS is used by the UE to determine the Physical Layer Cell Identifier Group Number and radio frame timing. Based on the Physical Layer Identifier and the Physical Layer Cell Identifier Group Number, the UE can determine the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI). Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the location of the DM-RS. The Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), carrying the Master Information Block (MIB), can be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a Synchronization Signal (SS) / PBCH block (also known as an SS block (SSB)). The MIB provides the System Frame Number (SFN) and the number of Restricted Frames (RBs) in the system bandwidth. The Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information not transmitted via the PBCH (such as System Information Blocks (SIBs)), and paging messages.

[0066] like Figure 2C As illustrated, some REs in the REs carry DM-RS (indicated as R for one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) for channel estimation at the base station. The UE can transmit DM-RS for the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) and DM-RS for the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH). The PUSCH DM-RS can be transmitted in the first or first two symbols of the PUSCH. Depending on whether a short or long PUCCH is transmitted and depending on the specific PUCCH format used, the PUCCH DM-RS can be transmitted in different configurations. The UE can transmit a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS). The SRS can be transmitted in the last symbol of a subframe. The SRS can have a comb structure, and the UE can transmit the SRS on one of the comb teeth. The SRS can be used by the base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling of the UL.

[0067] Figure 2DExamples of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The PUCCH may be located as indicated in one configuration. The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI), such as scheduling requests, channel quality indicators (CQI), pre-decoding matrix indicators (PMI), rank indicators (RI), and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgment (ACK) (HARQ-ACK) feedback (i.e., one or more HARQ ACK bits indicating one or more ACKs and / or negative ACKs (NACKs)). The PUCCH carries data and may additionally be used to carry buffer status reports (BSR), power clearance reports (PHR), and / or UCIs.

[0068] Figure 3 This is a block diagram illustrating communication between base station 310 and UE 350 in the access network. In the DL, Internet Protocol (IP) packets can be provided to controller / processor 375. Controller / processor 375 implements Layer 3 and Layer 2 functionality. Layer 3 includes the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, and Layer 2 includes the Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, and Media Access Control (MAC) layer. The controller / processor 375 provides RRC layer functionality associated with broadcasting system information (e.g., MIB, SIB), RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release), inter-Radio Access Technology (RAT) mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification), and handover support functions; RLC layer functionality associated with the delivery of upper-layer packet data units (PDUs), error correction via ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs), resegmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto transport blocks (TBs), demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction via HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel priority ordering.

[0069] Transmit (TX) processor 316 and receive (RX) processor 370 implement Layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1 (which includes the physical (PHY) layer) may include error detection on the transport channel, forward error correction (FEC) decoding / decoding of the transport channel, interleaving, rate matching, mapping to the physical channel, modulation / demodulation of the physical channel, and MIMO antenna processing. TX processor 316 processes the mapping to the signal constellation based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), M-order phase shift keying (M-PSK), M-order quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)). The decoded and modulated symbols can then be divided into parallel streams. Each stream can then be mapped to OFDM subcarriers, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., a pilot) in the time and / or frequency domains, and then combined using inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a stream of time-domain OFDM symbols. The OFDM stream is spatially pre-decoded to generate multiple spatial streams. A channel estimate from channel estimator 374 is used to determine the decoding and modulation scheme, as well as for spatial processing. This channel estimate can be derived from a reference signal transmitted by UE 350 and / or channel condition feedback. Each spatial stream can then be provided to a different antenna 320 via a separate transmitter 318Tx. Each transmitter 318Tx can use the corresponding spatial stream to modulate a radio frequency (RF) carrier for transmission.

[0070] At UE 350, each receiver 354Rx receives signals via its corresponding antenna 352. Each receiver 354Rx recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides that information to the receive (RX) processor 356. The TX processor 368 and RX processor 356 implement Layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. The RX processor 356 can perform spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial stream destined for UE 350. If multiple spatial streams are destined for UE 350, the RX processor 356 can combine them into a single OFDM symbol stream. The RX processor 356 then uses a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to transform the OFDM symbol stream from the time domain to the frequency domain. The frequency domain signal consists of a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on each subcarrier, along with the reference signal, are recovered and demodulated by determining the most probable signal constellation points transmitted by base station 310. These soft decisions can be based on channel estimates calculated by channel estimator 358. Subsequently, the soft decision is decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signals originally transmitted by base station 310 on the physical channel. The data and control signals are then provided to controller / processor 359, which implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality.

[0071] The controller / processor 359 may be associated with at least one memory 360 storing program code and data. The at least one memory 360 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 359 provides demultiplexing, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing between transport and logical channels to recover IP packets. The controller / processor 359 is also responsible for error detection using ACK and / or NACK protocols to support HARQ operation.

[0072] Similar to the functionality described in conjunction with DL transmission performed by base station 310, controller / processor 359 provides RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIB) acquisition, RRC connectivity, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression and security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification); RLC layer functionality associated with upper-layer PDU delivery, error correction via ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs, resegmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto TBs, demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction via HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel priority ordering.

[0073] The TX processor 368 can use the channel estimate derived from the reference signal or feedback transmitted by the channel estimator 358 from the base station 310 to select an appropriate decoding and modulation scheme and facilitate spatial processing. The spatial stream generated by the TX processor 368 can be provided to different antennas 352 via individual transmitters 354Tx. Each transmitter 354Tx can use the corresponding spatial stream to modulate an RF carrier for transmission.

[0074] UL transmission is processed at base station 310 in a manner similar to that described in conjunction with the receiver function at UE 350. Each receiver 318Rx receives signals via its corresponding antenna 320. Each receiver 318Rx recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides that information to RX processor 370.

[0075] The controller / processor 375 may be associated with at least one memory 376 storing program code and data. The at least one memory 376 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 375 provides demultiplexing, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover IP packets between transport and logical channels. The controller / processor 375 is also responsible for error detection using ACK and / or NACK protocols to support HARQ operation.

[0076] At least one of the TX processor 368, RX processor 356, and controller / processor 359 can be configured to perform and Figure 1 The dynamic PRF selection component 198 combines various aspects.

[0077] At least one of the TX processor 316, RX processor 370, and controller / processor 375 can be configured to perform and Figure 1 The dynamic PRF selection configuration component 199 combines various aspects.

[0078] Figure 4 Figure 400 illustrates an example of UE positioning (which may also be referred to as "network-based positioning") based on reference signal measurements according to various aspects of this disclosure. UE 404 can [operate at time T]. SRS_TX Send UL-SRS 412 and at time T PRS_RX Receives the DL positioning reference signal (PRS) (DL-PRS) 410. TRP 406 can be used at time T. SRS_RX Receive UL-SRS 412 and at time T PRS_TX Send DL-PRS 410. UE 404 may receive DL-PRS 410 before sending UL-SRS 412, or may send UL-SRS 412 before receiving DL-PRS 410. In both cases, the location server (e.g., location server 168) or UE 404 may base its response on ||T SRS_RX – T PRS_TX | – |T SRS_TX – T PRS_RX || to determine RTT 414. Therefore, multi-RTT positioning can utilize the UE Rx-Tx time difference measurement (i.e., |T) of downlink signals received from multiple TRPs 402, 406 and measured by UE 404. SRS_TX – T PRS_RX |) and DL PRS reference signal received power (RSRP) (DL PRS-RSRP), and the measured TRP Rx-Tx time difference measurement (i.e., |T) of the uplink signal transmitted from UE404 at multiple TRPs 402, 406. SRS_RX – T PRS_TX|) and UL SRS-RSRP. UE 404 uses auxiliary data received from the positioning server to measure the UE Rx-Tx time difference (and / or the DL-PRS-RSRP of the received signal), and TRPs 402, 406 use auxiliary data received from the positioning server to measure the gNB Rx-Tx time difference (and / or the UL-SRS-RSRP of the received signal). These measurements can be used at the positioning server or at UE 404 to determine the RTT, which is used to estimate the location of UE 404. Other methods for determining the RTT are possible, such as, for example, using DL-TDOA and / or UL-TDOA measurements.

[0079] PRS can be defined for network-based positioning (e.g., NR positioning) to enable the UE to detect and measure more neighboring transmit and receive points (TRPs), supporting various configurations for diverse deployments (e.g., indoor, outdoor, sub-6, mmW, etc.). Beam scanning can also be configured for PRS to support PRS beam operation. The UL positioning reference signal can be based on an enhanced / adjusted probe reference signal (SRS) for positioning purposes. In some examples, the UL-PRS may be referred to as "SRS for Positioning," and new information elements (IEs) can be configured for the SRS for positioning in RRC signaling.

[0080] DL PRS-RSRP can be defined as the linear average of the power contribution (in [W]) of a resource element carrying a DL PRS reference signal configured for RSRP measurement at an antenna port within the considered measurement frequency bandwidth. In some examples, for FR1, the reference point for DL ​​PRS-RSRP can be the UE's antenna connector. For FR2, DL PRS-RSRP can be measured based on a combined signal from an antenna element corresponding to a given receiver branch. For FR1 and FR2, if the UE uses receiver diversity, the reported DL PRS-RSRP value can be no less than the corresponding DL PRS-RSRP of any individual receiver branch within the individual receiver branch. Similarly, UL SRS-RSRP can be defined as the linear average of the power contribution (in [W]) of a resource element carrying a probe reference signal (SRS). UL SRS-RSRP can be measured by a configured resource element within the considered measurement frequency bandwidth at a configured measurement time. In some examples, for FR1, the reference point for UL SRS-RSRP can be the antenna connector of a base station (e.g., gNB). For FR2, the UL SRS-RSRP can be measured based on the combined signal from the antenna element corresponding to a given receiver branch. For FR1 and FR2, if the base station uses receiver diversity, the reported UL SRS-RSRP value may not be lower than the corresponding UL SRS-RSRP of any individual receiver branch within the individual receiver branch.

[0081] PRS-Path RSRP (PRS-RSRPP) can be defined as the power of the linear average of the channel response at the i-th path delay carrying the resource element configured for measurement of the DL PRS signal, where the DL PRS-RSRPP at the first path delay is the power contribution corresponding to the first detected path in time. In some examples, the PRS path phase measurement may refer to the phase associated with the i-th path of the channel derived using the PRS resource.

[0082] DL-AoD positioning utilizes the measured DL-PRS-RSRP of downlink signals received at UE 404 from multiple TRPs 402, 406. UE 404 uses auxiliary data received from the positioning server to measure the DL-PRS-RSRP of the received signals, and the resulting measurement, along with the azimuth departure (A-AoD), zenith departure (Z-AoD), and other configuration information, is used to position UE 404 relative to adjacent TRPs 402, 406.

[0083] DL-TDOA positioning utilizes the DL Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) (and / or DL-PRS-RSRP) of downlink signals received at UE 404 from multiple TRPs 402, 406. UE 404 uses auxiliary data received from the positioning server to measure the DL RSTD (and / or DL-PRS-RSRP) of the received signals, and the resulting measurement, along with other configuration information, is used to position UE 404 relative to adjacent TRPs 402, 406.

[0084] UL-TDOA positioning utilizes the UL relative time of arrival (RTOA) (and / or UL-SRS-RSRP) of the uplink signal transmitted from UE 404 at multiple TRPs 402, 406. TRPs 402, 406 use auxiliary data received from the positioning server to measure the UL-RTOA (and / or UL-SRS-RSRP) of the received signal, and the resulting measurements, along with other configuration information, are used to estimate the location of UE 404.

[0085] UL-AoA positioning utilizes the azimuth angle (A-AoA) and zenith angle (Z-AoA) of the uplink signal transmitted from UE 404 at multiple TRPs 402, 406. TRPs 402, 406 use auxiliary data received from a positioning server to measure the A-AoA and Z-AoA of the received signal, and the resulting measurements, along with other configuration information, are used to estimate the position of UE 404. For the purposes of this disclosure, a positioning operation in which the UE provides measurements to a base station / positioning entity / server for calculating the UE's position can be described as "UE-assisted," "UE-assisted positioning," and / or "UE-assisted position calculation," while a positioning operation in which the UE measures and calculates its own position can be described as "UE-based," "UE-based positioning," and / or "UE-based position calculation."

[0086] Additional positioning methods can be used to estimate the location of UE 404, such as, for example, UE-side UL-AoD and / or DL-AoA. It should be noted that data / measurements from various technologies can be combined in various ways to increase accuracy, determine and / or enhance certainty, supplement / improve measurements, and / or replace / provide missing information.

[0087] It should be noted that the terms "location reference signal" and "PRS" generally refer to specific reference signals used for positioning in NR and LTE systems. However, as used herein, the terms "location reference signal" and "PRS" can also refer to any type of reference signal that can be used for positioning, such as, but not limited to, PRS, TRS, PTRS, CRS, CSI-RS, DMRS, PSS, SSS, SSB, SRS, UL-PRS, etc., as defined in LTE and NR. Furthermore, the terms "location reference signal" and "PRS" can refer to downlink or uplink positioning reference signals, unless otherwise indicated by the context. To further distinguish the types of PRS, downlink positioning reference signals may be referred to as "DL PRS," and uplink positioning reference signals (e.g., SRS, PTRS used for positioning) may be referred to as "UL-PRS." Additionally, for signals that can be transmitted in both uplink and downlink (e.g., DMRS, PTRS), these signals may be prefixed with "UL" or "DL" to distinguish direction. For example, "UL-DMRS" can be distinguished from "DL-DMRS." Furthermore, the terms “location” and “positioning” are used interchangeably throughout the specification, and the term can refer to a specific geographical location or a relative location.

[0088] A device equipped with a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver (e.g., a UE) can determine its position based on signals received from multiple satellites; this may be referred to as "GNSS-based positioning" or "satellite-based positioning." GNSS is a satellite network that broadcasts timing and orbital information for navigation and positioning measurements. Furthermore, GNSS can refer to an international multi-constellation satellite system, which may include the Global Positioning System (GPS), the Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS), Baidu, Galileo, and any other constellation system. GNSS may include multiple groups of satellites (which may be referred to as GNSS satellites) called constellations, which broadcast signals (which may be referred to as GNSS signals) to GNSS control stations and users. Based on the broadcast signals, users can determine their position (e.g., via trilateration). For the purposes of this disclosure, a device equipped with a GNSS receiver or capable of receiving GNSS signals (e.g., a UE) may be referred to as a GNSS device, and a device capable of transmitting GNSS signals (such as a satellite) may be referred to as a space vehicle (SV).

[0089] Figure 5Figure 500 illustrates examples of GNSS positioning according to various aspects of this disclosure. A GNSS device 506 may estimate its position and time based at least in part on data (e.g., GNSS signals 504) received from multiple space vehicles (SVs) 502, wherein each SV 502 may carry a record of its position and time and may transmit such data (e.g., the record) to the GNSS device 506. Each SV 502 may also include a clock synchronized with the other clocks of the SV and with a ground clock. If an SV 502 detects a deviation from the time maintained on the ground, the SV 502 may correct for it. The GNSS device 506 may also include a clock, but the clock of the GNSS device 506 may be less stable and accurate compared to the clocks of each SV 502.

[0090] Since the speed of radio waves can be constant and independent of satellite speed, the time delay between the time SV 502 transmits GNSS signal 504 and the time GNSS device 506 receives GNSS signal 504 can be proportional to the distance from SV 502 to GNSS device 506. In some examples, GNSS device 506 can use at least four SVs to calculate / estimate one or more unknowns associated with positioning (e.g., three positioning coordinates and clock offset from satellite time, etc.).

[0091] Each SV 502 can continuously broadcast a GNSS signal 504 (e.g., a modulated carrier wave), which may include a pseudo-random code known to the GNSS device 506 (e.g., a sequence of one and zero), and may also include a message including the transmission time and the SV's location at that time. In other words, each GNSS signal 504 can carry two types of information: time and carrier wave (e.g., a modulated waveform of an input signal to be transmitted electromagnetically). Based on the GNSS signal 504 received from each SV 502, the GNSS device 506 can measure the time of arrival (TOA) of the GNSS signal 504 and calculate the time of flight (TOF) of the GNSS signal 504. Then, based on the TOF, the GNSS device 506 can calculate its three-dimensional location and clock offset, and the GNSS device 506 can determine its location on Earth. For example, the location of the GNSS device 506 can be converted into latitude, longitude, and altitude relative to an ellipsoidal Earth model. These coordinates can be displayed on a mobile map display, or recorded or used by other systems such as vehicle guidance systems.

[0092] While the distance between the GNSS device and the SV can be estimated based on the time it takes for the GNSS signal to reach the GNSS device, the SV's signal sequence may be delayed relative to the GNSS device's sequence. Therefore, in some examples, a delay can be applied to the GNSS device's sequence to align the two sequences. For instance, to estimate the delay, the GNSS device can align the pseudo-random binary sequence included in the SV signal with an internally generated pseudo-random binary sequence. Because the SV's GNSS signal takes time to reach the GNSS device, the SV's sequence may be delayed relative to the GNSS device's sequence. By gradually delaying the GNSS device's sequence, the two sequences can eventually be aligned.

[0093] Ultra-wideband (UWB) can refer to wireless communication technologies that utilize a wide spectrum of radio frequency for communication (e.g., transmitting / receiving data). For example, a device with UWB capability (e.g., a UE) can operate by transmitting very short, low-power radio wave pulses across a wide frequency band (typically spanning several GHz). These pulses can be configured to be brief and spread across a wide range of frequencies, making them unlikely to interfere with other wireless devices or most (conventional / existing) radio communication systems. Example characteristics and features of UWB technology may include: (1) Wide frequency bandwidth: UWB devices can use more bandwidth than most wireless technologies (such as Wi-Fi). ® and / or Bluetooth ® Significantly wider frequency bandwidth.

[0094] (2) Short pulses: UWB devices can use extremely short pulses (e.g., in nanoseconds or picoseconds) to send data at high data rates, making them suitable for high-speed data transmission.

[0095] (3) Low power: UWB transmitters typically use very low power, which helps reduce the risk of interfering with other wireless technologies and extends battery life in UWB devices.

[0096] (4) Precise location and tracking: UWB technology can provide highly accurate location and tracking information. It can be used in applications such as indoor positioning, asset tracking and / or precise positioning (e.g., for autonomous vehicles).

[0097] (5) High data rate: UWB supports high data transfer rates, making it suitable for applications such as wireless USB connections, streaming high-definition video and other high-bandwidth data transfers.

[0098] (6) Pulse radio: UWB typically uses pulse radio technology, where data is encoded in the time domain rather than the frequency domain, thereby further reducing interference and providing robustness in harsh radio environments.

[0099] (7) Low interference: Due to its short pulse and low power, UWB is unlikely to interfere with other wireless technologies and can coexist with other wireless systems.

[0100] Wireless devices (e.g., UEs, mobile phones, etc.) can be implemented using both GNSS and UWB technologies, where the wireless device may have the capability to perform both GNSS-based positioning and UWB communication (including performing them simultaneously or at least partially overlapping in time). In some examples, GNSS technology (e.g., GNSS receiver / device) and UWB technology (e.g., UWB transceiver / device) may be assigned to the same chipset in the wireless device, while in other examples, they may be assigned to different chipsets / devices. However, although UWB and GPS technologies / devices are designed to operate in different frequency bands, research and experiments have demonstrated that UWB technology / devices can still interfere with GNSS technology / devices. This interference can affect the performance of GNSS technology / devices (e.g., accuracy), such as providing incorrect location details.

[0101] Figure 6 Figure 600 illustrates example operating bandwidths of UWB according to various aspects of this disclosure. In some specific implementations, the UWB physical layer can be configured to utilize an unlicensed frequency band between 3.1 GHz and 10.6 GHz, which can support data rates of 53.3 Mb / s, 80 Mb / s, 106.7 Mb / s, 160 Mb / s, 200 Mb / s, 320 Mb / s, 400 Mb / s, and 480 Mb / s. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 600, the UWB spectrum can be divided into 14 frequency bands, each of which can have a bandwidth of 528 MHz. The first 12 frequency bands (e.g., bands #1 to #12) can be grouped into four band groups (e.g., band groups #1 to #4), each containing three bands. The last two bands (e.g., bands #13 and #14) can be grouped into a fifth band group (e.g., band group #5). Some implementations may specify that the UWB device supports at least the first band group. In some examples, a total of 100 data subcarriers can be used per band to transmit data.

[0102] Figure 7Figure 700 illustrates example navigation bands for GNSS (e.g., GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo systems, also known as Radio Navigation Satellite Systems (RNSS)) according to various aspects of this disclosure. Two bands may exist in areas worldwide primarily allocated to Aeronautical Radio Navigation Services (ARNS), where these bands are suitable for life-safety applications because interference from other users' signals is not permitted. These may correspond to the higher L band (e.g., 1559 MHz to 1610 MHz) containing GPS L1, Galileo E1, and GLONASS G1, and to the lower L band (e.g., 1151 MHz to 1214 MHz) containing GPS L5 and Galileo E5, where E5a and L5 coexist at the same frequency. The remaining GPS L2, GLONASS G2, and Galileo E6 signals are in the band 1215.6 MHz to 1350 MHz. These frequency bands can be primarily allocated to radio location services (e.g., ground radar) and RNSS, and therefore signals in these bands may be more susceptible to interference compared to previous signals.

[0103] As shown at 702, when GNSS (e.g., GPS) satellites operate in the L1 band (e.g., at a center frequency of 1575.42 MHz), UWB devices / communications can interfere with the reception of GNSS signals. In other words, when a wireless device performs GNSS-based positioning in the L1 band and also performs UWB communication (simultaneously or at least partially overlapping in time), UWB communication can interfere with the reception of GNSS signals, even if they are in different frequency bands. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown.

[0104] As described above, UWB is one of the emerging protocols that transmits short-range data using low power simultaneously. On the other hand, GNSS signals can have very weak ground levels, making them highly susceptible to interference from the surrounding electromagnetic environment. When a processor associated with the receiver (e.g., a processor coupled to both the GNSS receiver and the UWB transceiver / receiver) leaks strong pulses from the UWB signal and mixes them into the GNSS signal, this can pose a significant threat to the performance of the receiver (e.g., the GNSS receiver). Therefore, improved methods can be specified to effectively reduce interference to the GNSS receiver when UWB devices are present in the vicinity, such as when the GNSS receiver chipset and the UWB transceiver chipset are placed side-by-side or close to each other. In some experiments / simulations performed in connection with this disclosure, time-hopping pulse positioning modulation (TH-PPM) UWB systems have been shown to influence GNSS signals. These experiments / simulations employed parameters such as a UWB pulse signal width of 0.5 nanoseconds (ns), an amplitude of a second-order Gaussian pulse of 1V, a time offset introduced by 0.5 ns of pulse positioning modulation (PPM), and the number of UWB pulses (Np) transmitted per data symbol was configured to be 10. The pulse repetition frequency (PRF) can refer to the rate at which pulses are transmitted by the UWB transmitter / transceiver. In other words, PRF can be defined as the number of pulses transmitted per unit time (e.g., measured in Hertz (Hz) or pulses per second (PPS)). A higher PRF indicates that pulses are transmitted more frequently, while a lower PRF indicates that pulses are transmitted less frequently. PRF can be an important parameter in UWB systems and can play a crucial role in determining the performance and capabilities of a UWB system.

[0105] The experiment / simulation used three different sets of pulse repetition frequencies (PRFs): the first set of PRFs was 10 MHz (e.g., PRF1 = 10 MHz), the second set of PRFs was 15.75 MHz (e.g., PRF2 = 15.75 MHz), and the third set of PRFs was 20 MHz (e.g., PRF3 = 20 MHz), and the GPS L1 carrier center frequency was used in the experiment / simulation. f 0) is 1575.42MHz (for example, f 0 = 1575.42MHz). Within a 20MHz bandwidth at the L1 carrier center frequency (e.g., 1.565GHz to 1.585GHz), the frequency domain relationship of the three UWB signal spectral lines under different PRFs appears to be fitted, such as... Figure 8A The diagram is shown in Figure 800A. When the PRF equals 15.75MHz (e.g., PRF = 15.75MHz), integer multiples of it are observed to fall at the center frequency of the GPS carrier, and there appears to be a distinct spectral energy spike consistent with the GPS L1 main lobe, as shown at 802. This spike can be easily infiltrated into the acquisition and tracking process by the receiver front-end filter and can effectively reduce satellite signals (e.g., interfere with the reception of GNSS signals). Experiments / simulations also demonstrate example effects on the UWB signal when integer multiples of the PRF fall within the operating bandwidth of the GPS signal while keeping other parameters constant, with the UWB PRF simulated at 7.875MHz, 15.75MHz, 31.5MHz, and 78.75MHz. Figure 8B Figure 800B shows the PSD of the UWB signal in the GPS operating band.

[0106] The aspects presented herein enable wireless devices to reduce interference with GNSS receivers in the presence of UWB devices / chipsets / transceivers. For example, the aspects presented herein enable wireless devices capable of performing UWB communication or simultaneously performing both GNSS-based positioning and UWB communication (e.g., wireless devices including both GNSS receivers / chipsets and UWB transceivers / chipsets) to prevent UWB communication interference (e.g., affecting / degrading) of GNSS-based positioning performance. In one aspect of this disclosure, a wireless device capable of performing UWB communication (and optionally GNSS-based positioning) can be configured to perform dynamic selection of the PRF based on the operating frequency of the GNSS receiver (e.g., when the GNSS receiver is operating at a specified frequency such as 1.575 GHz). For example, a UWB device (e.g., a wireless device capable of performing UWB communication) can be configured to perform an energy detection (ED) scan of the GNSS channel for a period of time to detect the presence of any GNSS signal before performing an actual scan and / or establishing a connection with a peer UWB device (e.g., a UWB channel). If a UWB device detects a GNSS signal, it can be configured to select a PRF (Programmable Response Frequency) that is not an integer multiple of the detected GNSS signal to avoid interfering with the GNSS receiver on which it is operating. For example, if the GNSS receiver is operating at 1.575 GHz, the UWB device can be configured to avoid selecting a PRF that is an integer multiple of 1.575 GHz (e.g., 7.875 MHz, 15.75 MHz, 31.5 MHz, 78.75 MHz, etc.). The UWB device can be specified to perform ED (Edge-Driven Scan) periodically, even after connecting to a peer UWB peer on a GNSS channel, to employ a different PRF other than an integer multiple of the GNSS receiver signal.

[0107] Figure 9This is a communication flow 900 illustrating example signaling between a user space layer and a media access control (MAC) layer (e.g., a UE) for dynamically selecting a PRF based on the operating frequency of a GNSS receiver, according to various aspects of this disclosure. The numbers associated with communication flow 900 do not specify a particular time order and are used only as references to communication flow 900. For the purposes of this disclosure, in the context of wireless communication and / or network / operating system, “user space / user space layer / user space level” and “MAC / MAC layer / MAC level” can refer to different layers or levels in the communication / network stack that have different (e.g., dissimilar) functionalities and characteristics. In some examples, a user space MAC level can refer to a portion of memory (e.g., the memory of the UE) in which a user application runs. A user space level can be a higher-level layer in the operating system stack. For example, a user space program is typically executable by a processor and has access to system resources such as memory and file systems. User space applications can interact with the kernel of the operating system via system calls, which can be used to request services or resources provided by the kernel, such as file input / output (I / O), network communication, and / or hardware access. The MAC layer can refer to the layer that controls the hardware responsible for interacting with wired (e.g., electrical or optical) or wireless transmission media. For example, the MAC layer can provide flow control and multiplexing for the transmission media.

[0108] In one aspect of this disclosure, after UE 902 (e.g., a wireless device capable of performing UWB communication, a UWB device, etc.) is powered on, or after its UWB communication protocol / function is activated, UE 902 may be configured to perform an energy detection (ED) scan. An ED scan may refer to a scan / measurement of energy in a specified channel. For example, at 910, before UE 902 establishes a UWB connection (e.g., with another UE that may be referred to as a peer UWB device), the user space level 904 of UE 902 may send a reset request message (e.g., a MAC sublayer management entity (MLME) reset request message) to the MAC level 906 of UE 902 to request MAC level 906 to perform a reset operation. At 912, in response to the request message, MAC level 906 may perform a reset operation and transmit a reset confirmation message (e.g., an MLME reset confirmation message) to user space level 904 (e.g., to confirm the reset operation). The signaling described in conjunction with 910 and 912 may be specified in some implementations and may be optional in others.

[0109] At 914, user space level 904 may send an ED scan request message (e.g., an MLME ED scan request message) to MAC level 906 to request MAC level 906 to perform an ED scan on a specified GNSS frequency. For example, the ED scan request message may request MAC level 906 to scan a 1.575 GHz GPS frequency for a specified time period (e.g., five minutes, ten minutes, or while UWB communication is active). In some examples, the GNSS frequency may also be referred to as the GNSS center frequency. Therefore, the ED scan request message may include information elements (IEs) and / or configurable parameters related to the GNSS frequency to be scanned and the duration of the ED scan to be performed within it. The GNSS frequency may be one or more frequencies within a specified GNSS band (e.g., one or more frequencies between 1563 MHz and 1587 MHz for GPS L1) or a specified center frequency within a specified GNSS band (e.g., a center frequency of 1575 MHz for GPS L1).

[0110] At position 916, based on an ED scan request, the MAC-class 906 can perform an ED scan on the requested GNSS frequency for a specified time period. For example, the MAC-class 906 can perform an ED scan on the GPS frequency 1.575 GHz for up to five minutes.

[0111] At point 918, if energy is detected on the requested GNSS frequency during a specified time period, MAC level 906 may send a scan confirmation message (e.g., an MLME scan confirmation message) to user space level 904, including an indication of the detected GNSS signal. For example, if MAC level 906 detects a GPS frequency of 1.575 GHz during an ED scan, MAC level 906 may send a scan confirmation message to user space level 904 indicating that the GPS frequency of 1.575 GHz has been detected. In some implementations, to determine whether a GNSS signal or frequency has been detected, UE 902 may be configured to compare the detected / measured energy with an energy threshold (e.g., detected / measured energy above the energy threshold will be counted / considered a valid detection).

[0112] At 920, based on the indication of the detected GNSS signal, in order to reduce the interference level at the GNSS receiver (which may or may not be assigned to UE 902), the user space level 904 may instruct the UWB-associated firmware and / or hardware (e.g., via a UWB driver) to use a PRF that does not have an integer multiple matching the requested GNSS frequency (if a PRF for UWB communication has not already been configured), or the user space level 904 may instruct the UWB-associated firmware and / or hardware to change to a PRF that does not have an integer multiple matching the requested GNSS frequency (if a PRF for UWB communication has been configured and includes at least one PRF that has an integer multiple matching the requested GNSS frequency). For example, to avoid interference with the GPS frequency of 1.575 GHz, the user space level 904 may instruct the UWB-related firmware and / or hardware not to use a 7.875 MHz PRF (or to use a PRF other than 7.875 MHz), since this frequency is an integer multiple of 1.575 GHz (e.g., 7.875 MHz × 200 = 1.575 GHz). For the purposes of this disclosure, an integer multiple of a frequency may refer to any frequency that is a multiple of the specified frequency. For example, an integer multiple of a frequency is ( f ) = N f ,in N These are integers (1, 2, 3, 4, ..., etc.). Furthermore, at 920, the user space level 904 can also transmit UWB communications (which may also be referred to as UWB frames) to other UEs (e.g., peer UWB devices). For example, the user space level 904 can transmit UWB connection and data frames to the MAC level 906 using PRFs other than integer multiples of the specified GNSS frequency.

[0113] On the other hand, at 916, if the ED scan does not detect any energy at the specified GNSS frequency (e.g., no GNSS energy is detected), the user space level 904 (or UE 902) can operate UWB communication with any PRF (e.g., regardless of integer multiples of 7.875 MHz).

[0114] In some specific implementations, at 922, UE 902 (or MAC level 906) can be configured to periodically perform ED scans on the requested GNSS frequency even after UE 902 has established UWB communication with another UE (e.g., after UE 902 has connected to another peer UWB device), and to use a different PRF when the requested GNSS signal is detected and is an integer multiple of the PRF used. This scenario can occur when UE 902 has first established a UWB connection with a peer UWB device (e.g., based on a UWB communication request), and then UE 902 (or another GNSS device) is configured to perform GNSS-based positioning (e.g., based on a subsequent positioning request). For example, if the requested GNSS frequency is detected, at 924, MAC level 906 can send a scan confirmation message to user space level 904 including an indication of the detected GNSS signal. User space level 904 can then instruct the UWB-associated firmware and / or hardware (e.g., via a UWB driver) to use or change to a PRF that does not have an integer multiple matching the requested GNSS frequency.

[0115] In another aspect of this disclosure, at 926, when a requested GNSS frequency is detected, UE 902 can also be configured to transmit (e.g., announce, broadcast, unicast, etc.) a PRF to be used or not used for UWB communication. Therefore, peer UWB devices communicating with UE 902 can also avoid using PRFs with integer multiples matching the requested GNSS frequency to transmit UWB communication. For example, UE 902 can add a new PRF (e.g., a PRF to be used or not used) to a beacon with a specified IE (e.g., a vendor-specific IE) to announce the new PRF to the peer UWB device.

[0116] Figure 10A Figure 1000A illustrates examples of beacon frame formats according to various aspects of this disclosure. A beacon frame may refer to a management frame among management frames used for wireless communication. A beacon frame may include various information about wireless communication (and / or about its transmitter). In some specific embodiments, beacon frames may be configured to be transmitted periodically and may be used to notify of the presence of wireless devices.

[0117] Figure 10B Figure 1000B is an example illustrating various aspects of the enhanced beacon frame format according to this disclosure. Figure 10ACompared to the beacon frame shown (which may be referred to as the standard beacon frame), the enhanced beacon frame offers additional features and capabilities. For example, the enhanced beacon frame may include more detailed information about the network, such as the number of basic service sets (BSS) for connected clients, channel utilization, and other metrics. As shown at 1002, in one example, UE 902 may use the header IE to indicate the PRF value to be used or not used for UWB communication with other peer UWB devices.

[0118] Figure 11A Figure 1100A illustrates an example of a header IE format according to various aspects of this disclosure. As shown at 1102, for a given header IE (e.g., for a vendor-specific header IE), the element ID can be configured to zero (0).

[0119] Figure 11B Figure 1100B is an example illustrating an element ID of a header IE according to various aspects of this disclosure. As shown at 1104, some network standards enable the use of vendor-specific header IEs in enhanced beacon frames.

[0120] Re-reference Figure 9 At 928, after UE 902 sends (e.g., announcement, broadcast, unicast, etc.) a PRF to be used or not used (e.g., via a beacon using a specified IE), user space level 904 may use a PRF other than an integer multiple of the specified GNSS frequency to transmit UWB communications (e.g., UWB frames) to other UE / peer UWB devices via MAC level 906, as described in conjunction with 920.

[0121] In some implementations, if UE 902 is capable of performing both UWB communication and GNSS-based positioning (e.g., the requested detection / monitoring of a GNSS frequency is associated with GNSS-based positioning performed by UE 902), then UE 902 can be configured to calculate its positioning based on the detected GNSS signals. In other words, GNSS signals received for ED scanning purposes are also used for positioning. Therefore, after UE 902 selects a PRF for UWB communication that is not an integer multiple of the GNSS frequency, UE 902 can perform both UWB communication and GNSS-based positioning simultaneously or at least partially overlapping in time. For example, UE 902 can perform UWB communication (e.g., transmitting and / or receiving UWB data) via a UWB transceiver and perform GNSS-based communication via a GNSS receiver. Depending on the design or implementation, the UWB transceiver and GNSS receiver can be configured on the same chipset.

[0122] This paper presents various aspects related to techniques for reducing UWB signal interference to GPS / GNSS receivers. At a high level, the UWB device performs an ED scan on the GPS frequency / channel (1.575 GHz) to detect the presence of a GPS signal before performing the actual scan and connecting to a peer UWB device. The proposed solution includes the following steps / operations: 1. After the UWB device is powered on, an ED scan is performed on the 1.575 GHz GPS frequency for a specific time period, which is configurable in the ED scan request. 2. If GPS energy is detected, a scan confirmation response is received via MAC. 3. Now, to reduce the interference level at the GPS receiver, when transmitting UWB frames to the peer device, the UWB driver instructs the firmware and hardware to change the PRF to a value other than an integer multiple of 7.875 MHz. 4. If no GPS energy is detected, the device under test (DUT) acting as the UWB device will operate the PRF regardless of integer multiples of 7.875 MHz. 5. Even after connecting to a UWB peer device at the GPS frequency of 1.575 GHz, the same ED scan is specified to be performed periodically to use a different PRF (Programmable Frequency) other than an integer multiple of 7.875 MHz when a GPS signal is detected. The aspects presented herein enable UWB devices to generate less noise to other wireless devices such as GPS. Furthermore, no additional radio is specified to implement the techniques described herein (e.g., for detecting GNSS signals). Therefore, no increase in hardware (HW) complexity is required. Additionally, when using ED scanning, passive or active scanning for GPS signal detection does not need to be specified.

[0123] Figure 12 This is a flowchart 1200 illustrating wireless communication at a user equipment (UE). The method can be performed by the UE (e.g., UE 104, 404, 902; GNSS device 506; device 1404). This method enables the UE to reduce interference to the GNSS receiver while it is performing UWB communication.

[0124] At position 1204, the UE can detect a set of satellite signals from at least one satellite communication channel, such as combining... Figure 9 As described. For example, as discussed in conjunction with 916, based on an ED scan request, the MAC level 906 of UE 902 can perform an ED scan on the requested GNSS frequency for a specified time period. The detection of the satellite signal set can be, for example... Figure 14 The device 1404 is executed by the dynamic PRF selection component 198, SPS module 1416, UWB module 1438, transceiver 1422, cellular baseband processor 1424 and / or application processor 1406.

[0125] At 1206, the UE can identify the frequency of a set of satellite signals detected in at least one satellite communication channel, such as combining... Figure 9 As described. For example, as discussed in conjunction with 918, if energy is detected on a requested GNSS frequency during a specified time period, the MAC level 906 of UE 902 may send a scan confirmation message (e.g., an MLME scan confirmation message) to the user space level 904, including an indication of the detected GNSS signal. The identification of the frequency set of detected satellite signals may be, for example, by... Figure 14 The device 1404 is executed by the dynamic PRF selection component 198, SPS module 1416, UWB module 1438, transceiver 1422, cellular baseband processor 1424, and / or application processor 1406. In some specific implementations, the frequency of the detected satellite signal set can be the frequency of the detected satellite signal set.

[0126] At 1208, the UE can select a PRF for its UWB communication, wherein the selected PRF is not an integer multiple of the frequency identified by the set of satellite signals detected in at least one satellite communication channel, such as combining... Figure 9 As described. For example, as discussed in conjunction with 920, based on an indication of a detected GNSS signal, in order to reduce the interference level at the GNSS receiver, the user space level 904 of UE 902 may instruct the UWB-associated firmware and / or hardware (e.g., via a UWB driver) to use or change to a PRF that does not have an integer multiple matching the requested GNSS frequency. The selection of the PRF for UWB communication may be, for example... Figure 14 The device 1404 is executed by the dynamic PRF selection component 198, SPS module 1416, UWB module 1438, transceiver 1422, cellular baseband processor 1424 and / or application processor 1406.

[0127] In one example, the UE can send a selected PRF for UWB communication to entities participating in UWB communication, such as combining... Figure 9 As described. For example, as discussed in conjunction with 926, UE 902 can also be configured to send / broadcast a PRF to be used or not used for UWB communication. The transmission of the selected PRF for UWB communication can be, for example, by Figure 14 The device 1404 is executed by the dynamic PRF selection component 198, SPS module 1416, UWB module 1438, transceiver 1422, cellular baseband processor 1424 and / or application processor 1406.

[0128] In another example, the UE may perform UWB communication based on a selected PRF and receive a detected set of satellite signals, wherein the execution of UWB communication and the reception of the detected set of satellite signals are simultaneous or at least partially overlapped in time, such as in combination. Figure 9 As described. For example, after UE 902 selects a PRF that is not an integer multiple of the GNSS frequency for UWB communication, UE 902 can perform both UWB communication and GNSS-based positioning simultaneously. UWB communication can be performed by, for example... Figure 14 The device 1404 is executed by the dynamic PRF selection component 198, SPS module 1416, UWB module 1438, transceiver 1422, cellular baseband processor 1424 and / or application processor 1406.

[0129] In another example, the UE can calculate its location based on the reception of the detected set of satellite signals, such as combining... Figure 9 As described. For example, if UE 902 is capable of performing both UWB communication and GNSS-based positioning (e.g., the requested detection / monitoring of GNSS frequencies is associated with GNSS-based positioning performed by UE 902), then UE 902 can be configured to calculate its positioning based on the detected GNSS signals. The calculation of the UE's positioning can be, for example... Figure 14 The device 1404 is executed by the dynamic PRF selection component 198, SPS module 1416, UWB module 1438, transceiver 1422, cellular baseband processor 1424 and / or application processor 1406.

[0130] In another example, to perform UWB communication, the UE can perform UWB communication via a UWB transceiver, and to receive the detected set of satellite signals, the UE can receive the detected set of satellite signals via a satellite signal receiver. In some implementations, the UWB transceiver and the satellite signal receiver can be located in the same chipset.

[0131] In another example, the UE may receive a first request to perform UWB communication before performing UWB communication, and a second request to calculate the UE's location, such as combining... Figure 9As described. For example, as discussed in conjunction with 922, UE 902 (or MAC level 906) can be configured to periodically perform an ED scan of the requested GNSS frequency even after UE 902 has established UWB communication with another UE (e.g., after UE 902 has connected to another peer UWB device), and to use a different PRF when the requested GNSS signal is detected and is an integer multiple of the PRF used. This scenario can occur when UE 902 has first established a UWB connection with a peer UWB device (e.g., based on a UWB communication request), and then UE 902 (or another GNSS device) is configured to perform GNSS-based positioning (e.g., based on a subsequent positioning request). Reception of the request can be, for example, by Figure 14 The device 1404 is executed by the dynamic PRF selection component 198, SPS module 1416, UWB module 1438, transceiver 1422, cellular baseband processor 1424 and / or application processor 1406.

[0132] In another example, in order to detect the set of satellite signals for at least one satellite communication channel, the UE may perform an energy detection (ED) scan on at least one satellite communication channel for a specified time period, and detect the set of satellite signals based on the energy level of the set of satellite signals being higher than an energy threshold based on the ED scan.

[0133] In another example, UWB communication may include at least one of UWB sending or UWB receiving.

[0134] In another example, the set of satellite signals could be a set of Global Positioning System (GPS) signals or a set of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals.

[0135] In another example, the UE can detect that the satellite signal set of at least one satellite communication channel is no longer available, and select a second PRF for UWB communication, regardless of the frequency of the satellite signal set.

[0136] In another example, the UE can detect that the set of satellite signals for at least one satellite communication channel is no longer available, and select an integer multiple of the identified frequency for UWB communication.

[0137] In another example, the UE may send an indication of the selected PRF for UWB communication to at least one second UE. In some implementations, in order to send the indication of the selected PRF for UWB communication, the UE may broadcast, unicast, or announce the indication of the selected PRF for UWB communication via a beacon message or a beacon message format.

[0138] In another example, the UE may detect a second set of satellite signals in at least one second satellite communication channel, identify a second frequency of the second set of satellite signals detected in at least one second satellite communication channel, and select a second PRF for the UE’s UWB communication, wherein the selected PRF is neither an integer multiple of the identified frequency nor the identified second frequency.

[0139] In another example, the UE may output an indication of the selected PRF for UWB communication for the UE. In some specific implementations, in order to output the indication of the selected PRF for UWB communication for the UE, the UE may send the indication of the selected PRF for UWB communication for the UE, or store the indication of the selected PRF for UWB communication for the UE.

[0140] Figure 13 This is a flowchart 1300 illustrating wireless communication at a user equipment (UE). The method can be performed by the UE (e.g., UE 104, 404, 902; GNSS device 506; device 1404). This method enables the UE to reduce interference to the GNSS receiver while it is performing UWB communication.

[0141] At 1304, the UE can detect a set of satellite signals from at least one satellite communication channel, such as combining... Figure 9 As described. For example, as discussed in conjunction with 916, based on an ED scan request, the MAC level 906 of UE 902 can perform an ED scan on the requested GNSS frequency for a specified time period. The detection of the satellite signal set can be, for example... Figure 14 The device 1404 is executed by the dynamic PRF selection component 198, SPS module 1416, UWB module 1438, transceiver 1422, cellular baseband processor 1424 and / or application processor 1406.

[0142] At 1306, the UE can identify the frequencies of a set of satellite signals detected in at least one satellite communication channel, such as combining... Figure 9 As described. For example, as discussed in conjunction with 918, if energy is detected on a requested GNSS frequency during a specified time period, the MAC level 906 of UE 902 may send a scan confirmation message (e.g., an MLME scan confirmation message) to the user space level 904, including an indication of the detected GNSS signal. The identification of the frequency set of detected satellite signals may be, for example, by... Figure 14The device 1404 is executed by the dynamic PRF selection component 198, SPS module 1416, UWB module 1438, transceiver 1422, cellular baseband processor 1424, and / or application processor 1406. In some specific implementations, the frequency of the detected satellite signal set can be the frequency of the detected satellite signal set.

[0143] At 1308, the UE can select a PRF for its UWB communication, wherein the selected PRF is not an integer multiple of the frequency identified by the set of satellite signals detected in at least one satellite communication channel, such as combining... Figure 9 As described. For example, as discussed in conjunction with 920, based on an indication of a detected GNSS signal, in order to reduce the interference level at the GNSS receiver, the user space level 904 of UE 902 may instruct the UWB-associated firmware and / or hardware (e.g., via a UWB driver) to use or change to a PRF that does not have an integer multiple matching the requested GNSS frequency. The selection of the PRF for UWB communication may be, for example... Figure 14 The device 1404 is executed by the dynamic PRF selection component 198, SPS module 1416, UWB module 1438, transceiver 1422, cellular baseband processor 1424 and / or application processor 1406.

[0144] In one example, at 1310, the UE can send a selected PRF for UWB communication to the entity participating in UWB communication, such as combining... Figure 9 As described. For example, as discussed in conjunction with 926, UE 902 can also be configured to send / broadcast a PRF to be used or not used for UWB communication. The transmission of the selected PRF for UWB communication can be, for example, by Figure 14 The device 1404 is executed by the dynamic PRF selection component 198, SPS module 1416, UWB module 1438, transceiver 1422, cellular baseband processor 1424 and / or application processor 1406.

[0145] In another example, at 1312, the UE can perform UWB communication based on a selected PRF and receive a detected set of satellite signals, wherein the execution of UWB communication and the reception of the detected set of satellite signals are simultaneous or at least partially overlapped in time, such as in combination. Figure 9 As described. For example, after UE 902 selects a PRF that is not an integer multiple of the GNSS frequency for UWB communication, UE 902 can perform both UWB communication and GNSS-based positioning simultaneously. UWB communication can be performed by, for example... Figure 14The device 1404 is executed by the dynamic PRF selection component 198, SPS module 1416, UWB module 1438, transceiver 1422, cellular baseband processor 1424 and / or application processor 1406.

[0146] In another example, at 1314, the UE can calculate its location based on the reception of the detected set of satellite signals, such as combining... Figure 9 As described. For example, if UE 902 is capable of performing both UWB communication and GNSS-based positioning (e.g., the requested detection / monitoring of GNSS frequencies is associated with GNSS-based positioning performed by UE 902), then UE 902 can be configured to calculate its positioning based on the detected GNSS signals. The calculation of the UE's positioning can be, for example... Figure 14 The device 1404 is executed by the dynamic PRF selection component 198, SPS module 1416, UWB module 1438, transceiver 1422, cellular baseband processor 1424 and / or application processor 1406.

[0147] In another example, to perform UWB communication, the UE can perform UWB communication via a UWB transceiver, and to receive the detected set of satellite signals, the UE can receive the detected set of satellite signals via a satellite signal receiver. In some implementations, the UWB transceiver and the satellite signal receiver can be located in the same chipset.

[0148] In another example, at 1302, the UE may receive a first request to perform UWB communication before performing UWB communication, and a second request to calculate the UE's location, such as combining... Figure 9 As described. For example, as discussed in conjunction with 922, UE902 (or MAC level 906) can be configured to periodically perform ED scans on the requested GNSS frequency even after UE902 has established UWB communication with another UE (e.g., after UE902 has connected to another peer UWB device), and to use a different PRF when the requested GNSS signal is detected and is an integer multiple of the PRF used. This scenario can occur when UE902 has first established a UWB connection with a peer UWB device (e.g., based on a UWB communication request), and then UE902 (or another GNSS device) is configured to perform GNSS-based positioning (e.g., based on a subsequent positioning request). Reception of the request can be, for example, by Figure 14 The device 1404 is executed by the dynamic PRF selection component 198, SPS module 1416, UWB module 1438, transceiver 1422, cellular baseband processor 1424 and / or application processor 1406.

[0149] In another example, in order to detect a set of satellite signals for at least one satellite communication channel, the UE may perform an ED scan on at least one satellite communication channel for a specified time period, and detect the set of satellite signals based on the energy level of the set of satellite signals being higher than an energy threshold based on the ED scan.

[0150] In another example, UWB communication may include at least one of UWB sending or UWB receiving.

[0151] In another example, the satellite signal set can be a GPS signal set or a GNSS signal set.

[0152] In another example, the UE can detect that the satellite signal set of at least one satellite communication channel is no longer available, and select a second PRF for UWB communication, regardless of the frequency of the satellite signal set.

[0153] In another example, the UE can detect that the set of satellite signals for at least one satellite communication channel is no longer available, and select an integer multiple of the identified frequency for UWB communication.

[0154] In another example, the UE may send an indication of the selected PRF for UWB communication to at least one second UE. In some implementations, in order to send the indication of the selected PRF for UWB communication, the UE may broadcast, unicast, or announce the indication of the selected PRF for UWB communication via a beacon message or a beacon message format.

[0155] In another example, the UE may detect a second set of satellite signals in at least one second satellite communication channel, identify a second frequency of the second set of satellite signals detected in at least one second satellite communication channel, and select a second PRF for the UE’s UWB communication, wherein the selected PRF is neither an integer multiple of the identified frequency nor the identified second frequency.

[0156] In another example, the UE may output an indication of the selected PRF for UWB communication for the UE. In some specific implementations, in order to output the indication of the selected PRF for UWB communication for the UE, the UE may send the indication of the selected PRF for UWB communication for the UE, or store the indication of the selected PRF for UWB communication for the UE.

[0157] Figure 14Figure 1400 illustrates an example of a hardware implementation for device 1404. Device 1404 may be a UE, a component of a UE, or implement UE functionality. In some aspects, device 1404 may include at least one cellular baseband processor 1424 (also referred to as a modem) coupled to one or more transceivers 1422 (e.g., cellular RF transceivers). Cellular baseband processor 1424 may include at least one on-chip memory 1424'. In some aspects, device 1404 may also include one or more Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) cards 1420 and at least one application processor 1406 coupled to a Secure Digital Card (SD) card 1408 and a screen 1410. Application processor 1406 may include on-chip memory 1406'. In some aspects, device 1404 may also include a Bluetooth module 1412, a WLAN module 1414, an ultra-wideband (UWB) module 1438 (e.g., a UWB transceiver), an SPS module 1416 (e.g., a GNSS module), one or more sensors 1418 (e.g., an atmospheric pressure sensor / altimeter; motion sensors such as an inertial measurement unit (IMU), a gyroscope, and / or an accelerometer; light detection and ranging (LIDAR), radio-assisted detection and ranging (RADAR), sound navigation and ranging (SONAR), a magnetometer, audio, and / or other technologies for positioning), an additional memory module 1426, a power supply 1430, and / or a camera 1432. Bluetooth module 1412, UWB module 1438, WLAN module 1414, and SPS module 1416 may include an on-chip transceiver (TRX) (or in some cases, only a receiver (RX)). Bluetooth module 1412, WLAN module 1414, and SPS module 1416 may include their own dedicated antennas and / or communicate using antenna 1480. Cellular baseband processor 1424 communicates with UE 104 and / or with RUs associated with network entity 1402 via transceiver 1422 through one or more antennas 1480. Cellular baseband processor 1424 and application processor 1406 may each include computer-readable media / memory 1424', 1406'. Additional memory module 1426 may also be considered as computer-readable media / memory. Each computer-readable media / memory 1424', 1406', 1426 may be non-transitory. Cellular baseband processor 1424 and application processor 1406 are each responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable media / memory. When executed by cellular baseband processor 1424 / application processor 1406, the software causes cellular baseband processor 1424 / application processor 1406 to perform the various functions described above. The cellular baseband processor 1424 and application processor 1406 are configured to perform the various functions described above, at least in part, based on information stored in memory.In other words, the cellular baseband processor 1424 and application processor 1406 can be configured to perform a first subset of the various functions described above without information stored in memory, and can be configured to perform a second subset of the various functions described above based on information stored in memory. The computer-readable medium / memory can also be used to store data manipulated by the cellular baseband processor 1424 / application processor 1406 during software execution. The cellular baseband processor 1424 / application processor 1406 can be a component of the UE 350 and can include at least one of a memory 360 and / or at least one of a TX processor 368, an RX processor 356, and a controller / processor 359. In one configuration, the device 1404 can be at least one processor chip (modem and / or application) and includes only the cellular baseband processor 1424 and / or application processor 1406, while in another configuration, the device 1404 can be the entire UE (e.g., see [link]). Figure 3 The UE 350 includes an additional module of the device 1404.

[0158] As discussed above, the dynamic PRF selection component 198 can be configured to detect a set of satellite signals in at least one satellite communication channel. The dynamic PRF selection component 198 can also be configured to identify the frequency of the detected set of satellite signals in at least one satellite communication channel. The dynamic PRF selection component 198 can also be configured to select a PRF for UWB communication of the UE, wherein the selected PRF is not an integer multiple of the identified frequency of the detected set of satellite signals in at least one satellite communication channel. The dynamic PRF selection component 198 can be located within the cellular baseband processor 1424, the application processor 1406, or both. The dynamic PRF selection component 198 can be one or more hardware components specifically configured to execute the stated process / algorithm, implemented by one or more processors configured to execute the stated process / algorithm, stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination thereof. When multiple processors are implemented, the multiple processors can execute the stated process / algorithm individually or in combination. As shown in the figure, device 1404 may include a variety of components configured for various functions. In one configuration, device 1404 (and specifically, cellular baseband processor 1424 and / or application processor 1406) may include components for detecting a set of satellite signals in at least one satellite communication channel. Device 1404 may also include components for identifying the frequency of the detected set of satellite signals in at least one satellite communication channel. Device 1404 may also include components for selecting a PRF for UWB communication for the UE, wherein the selected PRF is not an integer multiple of the identified frequency of the detected set of satellite signals in at least one satellite communication channel.

[0159] In one configuration, the device 1404 may further include components for sending a selected PRF for UWB communication to an entity participating in UWB communication.

[0160] In another configuration, the apparatus 1404 may further include components for performing UWB communication based on a selected PRF, and components for receiving a detected set of satellite signals, wherein the performance of UWB communication and the reception of the detected set of satellite signals are simultaneous or at least partially overlap in time.

[0161] In another configuration, the device 1404 may also include components for calculating the positioning of the device 1404 based on the reception of the detected set of satellite signals.

[0162] In another configuration, components for performing UWB communication may include configuring device 1404 to perform UWB communication via a UWB transceiver, and components for receiving the detected set of satellite signals may include configuring device 1404 to receive the detected set of satellite signals via a satellite signal receiver. In some embodiments, the UWB transceiver and the satellite signal receiver may be located in the same chipset.

[0163] In another configuration, the device 1404 may further include: a component for receiving a first request to perform UWB communication before performing UWB communication; and a component for receiving a second request for the location of the computing device 1404.

[0164] In another configuration, the components for detecting a set of satellite signals for at least one satellite communication channel may include configuring the device 1404 to perform an ED scan on at least one satellite communication channel for a specified time period, and detecting the set of satellite signals based on the energy level of the set of satellite signals being higher than an energy threshold based on the ED scan.

[0165] In another configuration, UWB communication may include at least one of UWB sending or UWB receiving.

[0166] In another configuration, the satellite signal set can be a GPS signal set or a GNSS signal set.

[0167] In another configuration, the apparatus 1404 may further include: components for detecting that the set of satellite signals for at least one satellite communication channel is no longer available; and components for selecting a second PRF for UWB communication regardless of the frequency of the set of satellite signals.

[0168] In another configuration, the apparatus 1404 may further include: components for detecting that the set of satellite signals for at least one satellite communication channel is no longer available; and components for selecting an integer multiple of the identified frequency for UWB communication.

[0169] In another configuration, apparatus 1404 may further include components for transmitting an indication of a selected PRF for UWB communication to at least one second UE. In some specific embodiments, the components for transmitting the indication of the selected PRF for UWB communication may include configuring apparatus 1404 to broadcast, unicast, or announce the indication of the selected PRF for UWB communication via a beacon message or beacon message format.

[0170] In another configuration, the apparatus 1404 may further include: a component for detecting a second set of satellite signals in at least one second satellite communication channel; a component for identifying a second frequency of the second set of satellite signals detected in at least one second satellite communication channel; and a component for selecting a second PRF for UWB communication of the apparatus 1404, wherein the selected PRF is neither an integer multiple of the identified frequency nor the identified second frequency.

[0171] In another configuration, device 1404 may further include a component for outputting an indication of a selected PRF for UWB communication to device 1404. In some specific embodiments, the component for outputting the indication of a selected PRF for UWB communication to device 1404 may include configuring device 1404 to send an indication of a selected PRF for UWB communication to device 1404, or storing an indication of a selected PRF for UWB communication to device 1404.

[0172] These components may be a dynamic PRF selection component 198 of device 1404 configured to perform the functions described therein. As described above, device 1404 may include a TX processor 368, an RX processor 356, and a controller / processor 359. Thus, in one configuration, the components may be the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and / or the controller / processor 359 configured to perform the functions described therein.

[0173] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of the boxes in the disclosed process / flowcharts is merely an example of the exemplary method. It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of the boxes in the process / flowcharts may be rearranged based on design preferences. Furthermore, some boxes may be combined or omitted. The appended method claims present the elements of various boxes in a sample order, but are not limited to the given specific order or hierarchy.

[0174] The foregoing description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Therefore, the claims are not limited to the aspects described herein but should be given the full scope consistent with the language of the claims. Unless specifically stated otherwise, references to elements in the singular form do not mean “one and only one” but rather “one or more.” Terms such as “if,” “when,” and “simultaneously” do not imply a direct temporal relationship or reaction. That is, these phrases, such as “when,” do not imply an immediate action in response to the occurrence of an action or during the occurrence of an action, but simply suggest that if a condition is met, then the action will occur, without requiring a specific or immediate time limit for the occurrence of the action. The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or superior to other aspects. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more. Combinations such as "at least one of A, B, or C", "one or more of A, B, or C", "at least one of A, B, and C", "one or more of A, B, and C", and "A, B, C, or any combination thereof" include any combination of A, B, and / or C, and may include multiple A, multiple B, or multiple C. Specifically, combinations such as "at least one of A, B, or C", "one or more of A, B, or C", "at least one of A, B, and C", "one or more of A, B, and C", and "A, B, C, or any combination thereof" can be only A, only B, only C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, where any such combination may contain one or more members of A, B, or C. A set should be interpreted as a collection of elements with a number of one or more elements. Therefore, for a set of X, X will include one or more elements. When at least one processor is configured to execute a set of functions, the at least one processor is configured to execute the set of functions individually or in any combination. Therefore, each processor in at least one processor can be configured to perform a specific subset of the set of functions, wherein the subset is the complete set, a suitable subset of the set, or an empty subset of the set. A processor may be referred to as a processor circuit. A memory / memory module may be referred to as a memory circuit. If a first device receives data from or sends data to a second device, data can be received / sent directly between the first and second devices, or indirectly between the first and second devices through a set of devices. A device configured to "output" or "provide" data (such as transmission, signaling, or messaging) may, for example, transmit data using a transceiver, or may transmit the data to the device that sent the data.A device configured to "acquire" data (such as, transmit, signal, or message) may, for example, receive the data using a transceiver, or may obtain the data from a device that receives the data. Information stored in memory includes instructions and / or data. All structural and functional equivalents of the elements throughout the various aspects described herein that are known to those skilled in the art or will later be known are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are covered by the claims. Furthermore, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be offered to the public, whether or not such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. The words "module," "mechanism," "element," "device," etc., cannot replace the word "component." Therefore, no claim element will be construed as a functional component unless the element is explicitly recited using the phrase "component for..."

[0175] As used in this article, the phrase “based on” should not be interpreted as referring to a closed set of information, one or more conditions, one or more factors, etc. In other words, the phrase “based on A” (where “A” can be information, conditions, factors, etc.) should be interpreted as “based on at least A”, unless otherwise stated otherwise.

[0176] The following aspects are merely illustrative and may be combined with other aspects or teachings described herein without limitation.

[0177] Aspect 1 is a method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: detecting a set of satellite signals in at least one satellite communication channel; identifying a frequency of the set of satellite signals detected in the at least one satellite communication channel; and selecting a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) for ultra-wideband (UWB) communication of the UE, wherein the selected PRF is not an integer multiple of the identified frequency of the set of satellite signals detected in the at least one satellite communication channel.

[0178] Aspect 2 is the method according to aspect 1, the method further comprising: performing the UWB communication based on a selected PRF; and receiving a detected set of satellite signals, wherein the performance of the UWB communication and the reception of the detected set of satellite signals are simultaneous or at least partially overlapped in time.

[0179] Aspect 3 is the method according to aspect 2, the method further comprising: calculating the location of the UE based on the reception of the detected set of satellite signals.

[0180] Aspect 4 is the method according to any one of Aspects 2 to 3, wherein performing the UWB communication includes performing the UWB communication via a UWB transceiver, and wherein receiving the detected set of satellite signals includes receiving the detected set of satellite signals via a satellite signal receiver.

[0181] Aspect 5 is the method according to aspect 4, wherein the UWB transceiver and the satellite signal receiver are in the same chipset.

[0182] Aspect 6 is a method according to any one of Aspects 2 to 5, the method further comprising: receiving a first request to perform the UWB communication before performing the UWB communication; and receiving a second request to calculate the location of the UE.

[0183] Aspect 7 is a method according to any one of Aspects 1 or 6, wherein detecting the set of satellite signals of the at least one satellite communication channel comprises: performing an energy detection (ED) scan on the at least one satellite communication channel for a specified time period; and detecting the set of satellite signals based on the ED scan, based on the energy level of the set of satellite signals being higher than an energy threshold.

[0184] Aspect 8 is a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 7, the method further comprising: sending a selected PRF for the UWB communication to an entity participating in the UWB communication.

[0185] Aspect 9 is the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 8, wherein the UWB communication includes at least one of UWB transmission or UWB reception.

[0186] Aspect 10 is the method according to aspect 9, wherein the set of satellite signals is a set of Global Positioning System (GPS) signals or a set of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals.

[0187] Aspect 11 is a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 10, the method further comprising: detecting that the set of satellite signals for the at least one satellite communication channel is no longer available; and selecting a second PRF for the UWB communication, regardless of the frequency of the set of satellite signals.

[0188] Aspect 12 is a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 11, the method further comprising: detecting that the set of satellite signals of the at least one satellite communication channel is no longer available; and selecting an integer multiple of the identified frequency for the UWB communication.

[0189] Aspect 13 is a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 12, the method further comprising: sending an indication to at least one second UE of a selected PRF for the UWB communication.

[0190] Aspect 14 is the method according to aspect 13, wherein sending the indication of the selected PRF for the UWB communication includes: broadcasting, unicasting or announcing the indication of the selected PRF for the UWB communication via a beacon message or beacon message format.

[0191] Aspect 15 is a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 14, the method further comprising: detecting a second set of satellite signals in at least one second satellite communication channel; identifying a second frequency of the second set of satellite signals detected in the at least one second satellite communication channel; and selecting a second PRF for the UWB communication of the UE, wherein the selected PRF is neither an integer multiple of the identified frequency nor the identified second frequency.

[0192] Aspect 16 is a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 15, the method further comprising: outputting an indication of a selected PRF for the UWB communication for the UE.

[0193] Aspect 17 is the method according to aspect 16, wherein outputting the indication of the selected PRF for the UWB communication for the UE comprises: sending the indication of the selected PRF for the UWB communication for the UE; or storing the indication of the selected PRF for the UWB communication for the UE.

[0194] Aspect 18 is the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 17, wherein the frequency is the center frequency.

[0195] Aspect 19 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the apparatus comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and based at least in part on information stored in the at least one memory, the at least one processor being configured individually or in any combination to implement any one of aspects 1 to 18.

[0196] Aspect 20 is the apparatus according to aspect 19, the apparatus further comprising: at least one transceiver or one or more sensors coupled to the at least one processor.

[0197] Aspect 21 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the apparatus comprising: components for implementing any one of aspects 1 to 18.

[0198] Aspect 22 is a computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable medium) storing computer-executable code, wherein the code, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to implement any one of aspects 1 to 18.

Claims

1. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the apparatus comprising: At least one memory; and At least one processor, coupled to the at least one memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination as follows: Detecting a set of satellite signals from at least one satellite communication channel; The frequency of the set of satellite signals detected in the at least one satellite communication channel; as well as For the UE's ultra-wideband (UWB) communication, a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) is selected, wherein the selected PRF is not an integer multiple of the frequency identified in the set of satellite signals detected in the at least one satellite communication channel.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured, alone or in any combination, to: The UWB communication is performed based on the selected PRF; and The execution of the UWB communication and the reception of the detected satellite signal set are simultaneous or at least partially overlap in time.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the at least one processor is further configured, alone or in any combination, to: The UE's location is calculated based on the received signals from the detected set of satellite signals.

4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein, in order to perform the UWB communication, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to perform the UWB communication via a UWB transceiver, and wherein, in order to receive the detected set of satellite signals, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to receive the detected set of satellite signals via a satellite signal receiver.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the UWB transceiver and the satellite signal receiver are located in the same chipset.

6. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the at least one processor is further configured, alone or in any combination, to: Receive a first request to perform the UWB communication before performing the UWB communication; and Receive a second request to calculate the location of the UE.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, in order to detect the set of satellite signals of the at least one satellite communication channel, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to: Perform energy detection (ED) scanning on at least one satellite communication channel for a specified time period; and Based on the ED scan, the satellite signal set is detected based on the energy level of the satellite signal set being higher than an energy threshold.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured, alone or in any combination, to: The satellite signal set of the at least one satellite communication channel is no longer available; and A second PRF is selected for the UWB communication, regardless of the frequency of the satellite signal set.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured, alone or in any combination, to: The satellite signal set of the at least one satellite communication channel is no longer available; and For the UWB communication, select an integer multiple of the identified frequency.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured, alone or in any combination, to: Send an indication of the selected PRF for the UWB communication to at least one second UE.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein sending the indication for the selected PRF for the UWB communication comprises: The instruction to the selected PRF for the UWB communication is broadcast, unicast, or announced via beacon messages or beacon message formats.

12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured, alone or in any combination, to: Detecting a set of second satellite signals from at least one second satellite communication channel; A second frequency identifying the set of second satellite signals detected in at least one second satellite communication channel; and For the UWB communication of the UE, a second PRF is selected, wherein the selected PRF is neither an integer multiple of the identified frequency nor the identified second frequency.

13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured, alone or in any combination, to: Output an indication of the selected PRF for the UWB communication for the UE.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein, in order to output the indication of the selected PRF for the UWB communication for the UE, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to: Send the indication of the selected PRF for the UWB communication for the UE; or The indication of the selected PRF for the UWB communication for the UE is stored.

15. A method for conducting wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: Detecting a set of satellite signals from at least one satellite communication channel; The frequency of the set of satellite signals detected in the at least one satellite communication channel; as well as For the UE's ultra-wideband (UWB) communication, a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) is selected, wherein the selected PRF is not an integer multiple of the frequency identified in the set of satellite signals detected in the at least one satellite communication channel.

16. The method according to claim 15, further comprising: The UWB communication is performed based on the selected PRF; as well as The execution of the UWB communication and the reception of the detected satellite signal set are simultaneous or at least partially overlap in time.

17. The method according to claim 16, further comprising: The UE's location is calculated based on the received signals from the detected set of satellite signals.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein performing the UWB communication includes performing the UWB communication via a UWB transceiver, and wherein receiving the detected set of satellite signals includes receiving the detected set of satellite signals via a satellite signal receiver.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the UWB transceiver and the satellite signal receiver are in the same chipset.

20. The method of claim 16, further comprising: Receive a first request to perform the UWB communication before performing the UWB communication; as well as Receive a second request to calculate the location of the UE.

21. The method of claim 15, wherein detecting the set of satellite signals of the at least one satellite communication channel comprises: Perform energy detection (ED) scanning on at least one satellite communication channel for a specified time period; as well as Based on the ED scan, the satellite signal set is detected based on the energy level of the satellite signal set being higher than an energy threshold.

22. The method according to claim 15, further comprising: The set of satellite signals used to detect at least one satellite communication channel is no longer available; as well as A second PRF is selected for the UWB communication, regardless of the frequency of the satellite signal set.

23. The method according to claim 15, further comprising: The set of satellite signals used to detect at least one satellite communication channel is no longer available; as well as For the UWB communication, select an integer multiple of the identified frequency.

24. The method according to claim 15, further comprising: Send an indication of the selected PRF for the UWB communication to at least one second UE.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein sending the indication for the selected PRF for the UWB communication comprises: The instruction to the selected PRF for the UWB communication is broadcast, unicast, or announced via beacon messages or beacon message formats.

26. The method according to claim 15, further comprising: Detecting a set of second satellite signals from at least one second satellite communication channel; A second frequency that identifies the set of second satellite signals detected in at least one second satellite communication channel; as well as For the UWB communication of the UE, a second PRF is selected, wherein the selected PRF is neither an integer multiple of the identified frequency nor the identified second frequency.

27. The method of claim 15, further comprising: Output an indication of the selected PRF for the UWB communication for the UE.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein outputting the indication of the selected PRF for the UWB communication for the UE comprises: Send the indication of the selected PRF for the UWB communication for the UE; or The indication of the selected PRF for the UWB communication for the UE is stored.

29. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the apparatus comprising: A component used to detect a set of satellite signals for at least one satellite communication channel; A component for identifying the frequency of a set of satellite signals detected in the at least one satellite communication channel; and A component for selecting a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) for ultra-wideband (UWB) communication of the UE, wherein the selected PRF is not an integer multiple of the frequency identified in the set of satellite signals detected in the at least one satellite communication channel.

30. A computer-readable medium storing computer-executable code, said code, when executed by at least one processor, causing said at least one processor to: Detecting a set of satellite signals from at least one satellite communication channel; The frequency of the set of satellite signals detected in the at least one satellite communication channel; as well as For ultra-wideband (UWB) communication, a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) is selected, wherein the selected PRF is not an integer multiple of the frequency identified in the set of satellite signals detected in the at least one satellite communication channel.

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