A circulating water culture system for indoor multi-layer culture of freshwater fish germplasm samples

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of aquaculture equipment and discloses a recirculating aquaculture system for indoor multi-layered culture of freshwater fish germplasm samples. The system includes a stainless steel culture rack, glass culture tanks, a temperature control system, a recirculating water purification system, an aeration system, and electrical and auxiliary materials. Through a three-layered culture structure design, combined with culture tanks of varying sizes and a precise temperature control module, it solves the problem of aquaculture with diverse sizes of freshwater fish germplasm samples and large differences in suitable water temperatures. The system has nine small glass culture tanks in the upper layer and three large glass culture tanks in each of the middle and lower layers, equipped with an external temperature control component and an internal heating rod, achieving full-coverage water temperature regulation from 10℃ to above 30℃. The recirculating water system ensures stable water quality through the synergistic effect of a filter tank, a booster pump, an ultraviolet sterilizer, and various filter media. Meanwhile, the lower culture tanks are equipped with an internal circulation filter to enhance local water purification, meeting the diverse aquaculture needs from small fry to large broodstock.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to, but is not limited to, the field of aquaculture equipment technology, and particularly relates to a recirculating aquaculture system for indoor multi-layer culture of freshwater fish germplasm samples. Background Technology

[0002] Freshwater fish germplasm resources are the foundation for the sustainable development of aquaculture and an important component of biodiversity conservation. The collection, preservation, and research of germplasm resources require providing stable and suitable culture environments for live freshwater fish germplasm samples of different sizes and ecological habits.

[0003] Currently, existing aquaculture systems are mainly designed for commercial fish farming and have the following technical shortcomings: First, the farming containers are of uniform size, mostly uniform ponds or aquariums, which cannot simultaneously meet the farming needs of small-sized fry (1.7~5.0cm in total length) and large-sized parent fish (39.5~104cm in body length). If multiple independent farming devices are used, they occupy a lot of space and are inconvenient to manage. Second, the water temperature control function is insufficient. Existing systems mostly only have a single heating or cooling function, which is difficult to adapt to cold-water fish (10~ The diverse water temperature requirements of various species, including eurythermal fish (0~30℃) and tropical fish (above 25℃), result in poor preservation quality of germplasm samples. Thirdly, the purification effect of circulating water is limited; existing systems often use single-material filters, lacking synergistic purification processes such as sterilization and nitrification, leading to poor water quality stability and susceptibility to diseases in freshwater fish germplasm samples. Fourthly, the system has low integration; functional modules such as aquaculture, temperature control, filtration, and aeration are independent, resulting in complex assembly and cumbersome operation, which is detrimental to standardized aquaculture management of germplasm samples.

[0004] Based on the shortcomings of the existing technologies, it is necessary to develop an integrated, multifunctional, and highly adaptable indoor recirculating aquaculture system to solve technical problems such as poor size compatibility, limited water temperature control, and unstable water quality in the culture of freshwater fish germplasm samples, and to provide technical support for the protection and research of freshwater fish germplasm resources.

[0005] Based on the above analysis, the urgent technical problems that need to be solved in the existing technology are:

[0006] The limited variety of aquaculture containers makes it impossible to simultaneously accommodate the aquaculture needs of both small-sized fry and large-sized parent fish, resulting in low space utilization. The narrow water temperature regulation range makes it difficult to meet the diverse water temperature requirements of cold-water, eurythermal, and tropical freshwater fish. The inadequate circulating water purification system leads to poor water quality stability, affecting the survival and health of freshwater fish germplasm samples. Furthermore, the dispersed functional modules and low integration of the system make operation and management inconvenient and hinder standardized aquaculture. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a recirculating aquaculture system for indoor multi-layer culture of freshwater fish germplasm samples.

[0008] The present invention is implemented as follows: a recirculating aquaculture system for indoor multi-layer culture of freshwater fish germplasm samples, the system comprising a stainless steel culture rack, a glass culture tank assembly, a temperature control system, a recirculating water purification system, and an aeration system;

[0009] The stainless steel breeding rack is constructed from stainless steel profiles and has a three-layer structure. The glass breeding tank assembly includes an upper breeding tank, a middle breeding tank, and a lower breeding tank. The upper breeding tank consists of 9 glass breeding tanks, each with a length of 50cm, a width of 40cm, and a height of 60cm. The middle and lower breeding tanks each consist of 3 glass breeding tanks, each with a length of 120cm, a width of 50cm, and a height of 60cm.

[0010] The temperature control system includes an external seafood aquaculture temperature control unit and a built-in heating rod. The temperature control unit is detachably connected to one of the lower-level aquaculture tanks, and the heating rod can be selectively installed in each aquaculture tank. The circulating water purification system includes a circulating water filter tank, a circulating water booster pump, an ultraviolet sterilizer, and an internal circulation filter. The circulating water filter tank, the circulating water booster pump, and the ultraviolet sterilizer are connected in series via pipe fittings and form a closed loop with each aquaculture tank. There are three sets of internal circulation filters, each installed in the lower-level aquaculture tank. The filter media in the water tank is filled with circulating water filter media, including coral sand and activated carbon.

[0011] The aeration system includes an aeration tank and an oxygen supply component. The aeration tank is connected to each layer of aquaculture tanks through pipe fittings. An aeration disc is installed inside the aeration tank and connected to the air outlet of the oxygen supply component.

[0012] Furthermore, the three-layer structure of the stainless steel breeding rack is height-adapted to the installation requirements of the glass breeding tank assembly. The spacing between the upper breeding racks is greater than or equal to 65cm, the spacing between the middle and lower breeding racks is greater than or equal to 70cm, and anti-slip pads are provided at the bottom of each breeding rack.

[0013] Furthermore, the temperature control unit has a temperature control range of 5℃-20℃ and a temperature control accuracy of ±0.5℃, the heating rod has a power of 500W-1000W, a temperature control range of 20℃-35℃, and an automatic constant temperature protection function.

[0014] Furthermore, the circulating water booster pump has a power of 360W and a rated flow rate greater than or equal to 1.5m3 / h, and the ultraviolet sterilizer is made of 304 stainless steel and adopts a 55W dual-tube design.

[0015] Furthermore, the internal circulation filter has a power of 30W and integrates filtration, oxygenation, and flow generation functions, with a protective mesh cover installed at its inlet.

[0016] Furthermore, the pipe fittings are made of PVC material under the Liansu brand, including inlet pipes, return pipes and matching joints and valves in Ф20, Ф25, Ф32 and Ф50 specifications, and sealing rings are installed at each pipe connection.

[0017] Furthermore, both the aeration tank and the circulating water filtration tank are made of thickened PC board material with a compressive strength greater than or equal to 1.2 MPa.

[0018] Furthermore, the filling thickness of the water tank filter material is 20cm-30cm, wherein coral sand is laid at the bottom layer with a thickness of 15cm-20cm, and activated carbon is laid at the top layer with a thickness of 5cm-10cm.

[0019] Furthermore, the bottom of the upper aquaculture tank is provided with evenly distributed drainage holes, which are connected to the circulating water purification system through pipes, and each glass aquaculture tank in the upper aquaculture tank is equipped with an independent control valve.

[0020] Furthermore, the system also includes a water temperature monitoring module and a water quality monitoring module. The water temperature monitoring module is a digital thermometer, with one installed in each aquaculture tank. The water quality monitoring module includes a pH sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, and a dissolved oxygen sensor, which are connected to the circulating water filter tank and each aquaculture tank. The monitoring data can be displayed in real time.

[0021] Based on the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solution to be protected by this invention are as follows:

[0022] In the technical solution of this invention, the parameters are not simply limited by size or power, but rather serve a system configuration for the multi-batch, layered, and stable cultivation of indoor germplasm samples. The upper layer houses nine small glass culture tanks (50cm×40cm×60cm), while the middle and lower layers each house three large glass culture tanks (120cm×50cm×60cm). This allows the system to simultaneously support small-sample group culture and stable culture in larger water volumes, facilitating zoned management of different freshwater fish germplasm samples and reducing interference from mixed culture. The spacing between the upper shelves is no less than 65cm, and the spacing between the middle and lower layers is no less than 70cm, providing sufficient operating space for tank installation, feeding, observation, water changes, and equipment maintenance, and improving the safety of the multi-layered structure. The combination of a temperature controller (5℃ to 20℃) and a heater (20℃ to 35℃) covers the needs of low-temperature preservation, ambient temperature culture, and temperature regulation. A temperature control accuracy of ±0.5℃ helps reduce the impact of water temperature fluctuations on the activity and growth status of germplasm samples. A 360W circulating water booster pump with a flow rate of no less than 1.5m³ / h is used. 3The system maintains a closed-loop water circulation system across multiple tanks at a rate of / h; the 55W dual-tube UV sterilizer, combined with coral sand and activated carbon filter media, improves water quality stability and reduces the risk of pathogen transmission. The 30W internal circulation filter combines filtration, oxygenation, and flow generation functions; when used with the inlet protective mesh, it enhances local circulation in the lower water layers and reduces the risk of fish being inhaled and injured.

[0023] This invention boasts wide adaptability and high space utilization: Its three-tiered aquaculture structure, comprising nine small upper-level tanks and six large middle- and lower-level tanks, simultaneously accommodates the rearing needs of small fry (1.7-5.0 cm) and large broodstock (39.5-104 cm), eliminating the need for multiple independent aquaculture systems and significantly saving indoor space and improving space utilization. The nine independent upper-level tanks allow for multiple experimental groupings, facilitating comparative studies of freshwater fish germplasm samples.

[0024] This invention features precise water temperature regulation and strong adaptability: it adopts a two-way temperature control mode with an external temperature controller and a built-in heating rod, covering a temperature control range of 10℃~35℃. It can accurately adapt to the water temperature requirements of cold-water, wide-temperature, and tropical freshwater fish, significantly improving water temperature stability and effectively reducing the risk of mortality of freshwater fish germplasm samples due to water temperature fluctuations, thereby increasing the survival rate of freshwater fish germplasm samples.

[0025] This invention offers highly efficient water purification: the circulating water purification system employs a three-stage purification process of physical filtration + biodegradation + ultraviolet sterilization, combined with localized enhanced filtration by the internal circulation filter. This effectively removes suspended particulate matter, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, and other harmful substances from the water, kills harmful microorganisms, and keeps water quality indicators (pH 7.0~8.5, ammonia nitrogen ≤0.1mg / L, dissolved oxygen ≥5mg / L) stable over a long period. Frequent water changes are unnecessary, reducing the frequency to less than once a week, saving water resources and reducing operational workload.

[0026] This invention features a high degree of system integration and ease of operation: it highly integrates functional modules such as aquaculture, temperature control, filtration, oxygenation, and monitoring. Each component is connected via standardized piping and a power distribution system, making assembly simple and maintenance convenient. The real-time monitoring module can intuitively display water temperature and quality parameters, and automatically alarms in case of abnormalities, reducing the difficulty of aquaculture management. Even non-professionals can operate it smoothly, which is conducive to the standardized and regulated management of freshwater fish germplasm sample aquaculture.

[0027] This invention features a stable and reliable structure with a long service life: the core components are made of high-quality materials such as stainless steel, thickened PC board, and high-strength glass, which have the characteristics of corrosion resistance, pressure resistance, and wear resistance, and can be used for a long time in a humid breeding environment. All connections are sealed to eliminate the risk of leakage, ensuring stable and reliable operation and reducing equipment maintenance costs.

[0028] (1) The expected benefits and commercial value of the technical solution of this invention after transformation are as follows:

[0029] Seed industry is the chip of agriculture. The preservation of freshwater fish germplasm samples is related to the safety of core seed sources of my country's fishery. This invention realizes the breeding and live preservation of freshwater fish germplasm samples of various sizes and different ecological habits by means of precise control of the breeding environment, multi-layer three-dimensional space utilization, zero tailwater discharge, and independent breeding of different types of samples. It provides a guarantee for the preservation of freshwater fish germplasm resources and related scientific research on genetic breeding.

[0030] After the technical solution of this invention is transformed, it will enable the live culture of no less than 25 kinds of freshwater fish with different sizes and different ecological habits, preserve more than 1,000 live germplasm resources, and carry out 3 to 5 groups of culture comparison experiments at the same time. It has both social significance for the preservation of freshwater fish germplasm resources and related scientific research and ecological significance for zero tailwater discharge.

[0031] (2) The technical solution of this invention fills a technical gap in the industry both domestically and internationally:

[0032] A search revealed no patent applications specifically for freshwater fish germplasm samples, and a search for "freshwater fish germplasm samples" on CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) yielded no relevant reports. Based on relevant searches, it is preliminarily believed that this invention fills the gap in the cultivation and live preservation of freshwater fish germplasm samples.

[0033] (3) The technical solution of the present invention solves a technical problem that people have long wanted to solve but have never been able to solve successfully:

[0034] ① It solved the technical problems of high energy consumption and large space requirements for independent breeding and live preservation of freshwater fish germplasm samples, which have a wide range of sample sizes;

[0035] ② It solved the technical problem that freshwater fish germplasm samples have large differences in temperature adaptability range and are difficult to integrate into a single system to achieve simultaneous culture of cold-water, eurythermal and tropical freshwater fish.

[0036] ③ It solved the technical challenges of simultaneously raising freshwater fish of varying sizes and with different temperature adaptability, as well as the wastewater discharge and treatment, and the timely monitoring of water quality.

[0037] (4) The technical solution of the present invention overcomes technical bias:

[0038] This invention specifically addresses the problems of large size range and wide temperature adaptability faced in the breeding and live preservation of freshwater fish germplasm samples. It comprehensively utilizes technical means from the fields of ecology, chemistry, and physics to achieve the breeding and live preservation of freshwater fish germplasm samples with small footprint, zero emissions, and recycling. It is not a simple transplantation or scene conversion of recirculating aquaculture systems. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is an assembly diagram of the three-layer aquaculture tank provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mid-level aquaculture tank provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the upper aquaculture tanks provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the lower aquaculture tank and the temperature control unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water source (storage tank) and water treatment components provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the oxygen supply component and the aeration tank provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a seafood aquaculture temperature control unit externally mounted on the lower aquaculture tank provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 This is a graph showing the average specific weight gain rate of different breeding tanks provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 9 This is a survival rate diagram of different breeding tanks provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0048] In the picture: 1. Stainless steel aquaculture rack; 2. Middle layer aquaculture tank; 3. Upper layer aquaculture tank; 4. Lower layer aquaculture tank; 5. External seafood aquaculture temperature control unit; 6. Circulating water filter tank; 7. Oxygen supply unit; 8. Aeration tank. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0050] like Figures 1-7 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a recirculating aquaculture system for indoor multi-layer culture of freshwater fish germplasm samples. The system includes a stainless steel culture rack 1, a glass culture tank assembly, a temperature control system, a recirculating water purification system, an aeration system, and power distribution accessories. All functional components work together to form a complete germplasm sample culture system.

[0051] The stainless steel aquaculture rack 1 is constructed from stainless steel profiles and has a three-layer structure. The glass aquaculture tank assembly includes an upper aquaculture tank 3, a middle aquaculture tank 2, and a lower aquaculture tank 4. The upper aquaculture tank 3 consists of nine glass aquaculture tanks, each measuring 50cm in length, 40cm in width, and 60cm in height. The middle aquaculture tank 2 and the lower aquaculture tank 4 each consist of three glass aquaculture tanks, each measuring 120cm in length, 50cm in width, and 60cm in height. The three-layer structure of the stainless steel aquaculture rack 1 is height-adapted to the installation requirements of the glass aquaculture tank assembly. The spacing between the upper aquaculture tanks is greater than or equal to 65cm, and the spacing between the middle and lower aquaculture tanks is greater than or equal to 70cm. Each aquaculture tank has anti-slip pads at the bottom. The dimensions of the aquaculture rack are designed to fully accommodate the installation of the glass aquaculture tank assembly. The spacing between the upper aquaculture tanks is greater than or equal to 65cm, and the spacing between the middle and lower aquaculture tanks is greater than or equal to 70cm, ensuring smooth assembly of the aquaculture tanks while providing ample operating space for daily management and equipment maintenance. Stainless steel profiles are corrosion-resistant and high-strength, and can be used for a long time in humid environments, extending the service life of the system.

[0052] The temperature control system includes an external seafood aquaculture temperature controller component 5 and an internal heating rod. The temperature controller component 5 has a temperature control range of 5℃ to 20℃ and a temperature control accuracy of ±0.5℃. The heating rod has a power of 500W to 1000W and a temperature control range of 20℃ to 35℃, and it also has an automatic constant temperature protection function. The temperature controller component 5 has an automatic start-stop function. When the water temperature in the tank is higher than the set value, the temperature controller starts the cooling mode; when the water temperature is lower than the set value, the temperature controller stops working, and the uniform and stable water temperature in the tank is achieved through circulating water flow. The temperature controller component 5 is detachably connected to one of the lower-level aquaculture tanks 4, and the heating rod can be selectively installed in each level of aquaculture tank.

[0053] The circulating water purification system employs a three-stage purification process of filtration, sterilization, and circulation to ensure stable aquaculture water quality. The system includes a circulating water filtration tank 6, a circulating water booster pump, an ultraviolet sterilizer, and an internal circulation filter. The circulating water filtration tank, booster pump, and ultraviolet sterilizer are connected in series via piping fittings, forming a closed loop with each aquaculture tank layer. Three internal circulation filters are installed in the lower aquaculture tank 4. The filter media in the circulating water filtration tank 6 consists of coral sand and activated carbon. The filter media thickness is 20cm-30cm, with coral sand at the bottom layer (15cm-20cm thick) and activated carbon at the top layer (5cm-10cm thick). The coral sand primarily serves for physical filtration, removing suspended particulate matter from the water, while the activated carbon at the top absorbs odors and pigments, improving the water's sensory indicators.

[0054] The circulating water booster pump has a power of 360W and a rated flow rate greater than or equal to 1.5m³ / h. The ultraviolet sterilizer is made of 304 stainless steel and adopts a 55W dual-pipe design to improve sterilization efficiency. The internal circulation filter has a power of 30W and integrates filtration, oxygenation, and flow generation functions. Its inlet is equipped with a protective mesh cover to prevent impurities from entering. The pipe fittings are made of Liansu brand PVC material, including inlet and return pipes of Ф20, Ф25, Ф32, and Ф50 specifications, as well as matching connectors and valves. Sealing rings are installed at all pipe connections.

[0055] The bottom of the upper-level aquaculture tank 3 is equipped with evenly distributed drainage holes, with a diameter of Ф10mm~Ф15mm. These drainage holes are connected to the circulating water purification system via pipes, and each glass aquaculture tank in the upper-level tank 3 is equipped with an independent control valve. The circulating water booster pump is a Sino-Korean joint venture brand, with a power of 360W and a rated flow rate greater than or equal to 1.5m³ / h. It provides power for the circulating water, pressurizing and delivering the filtered clean water to each aquaculture tank, ensuring uniform water flow and meeting the fish's respiration and water quality renewal needs. The booster pump has overheat protection and operates stably and reliably.

[0056] The ultraviolet sterilizer is installed in the circulating water pipe. As the water flows through it, it effectively kills harmful microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses, reducing the risk of disease in germplasm samples. The sterilizer has a built-in quartz sleeve to prevent the ultraviolet lamp from coming into direct contact with the water, thus extending the lamp's lifespan.

[0057] The three sets of internal circulation filters are respectively installed in the lower aquaculture tank 4, integrating three major functions: filtration, oxygenation, and water flow generation. The filter inlet is equipped with a protective mesh cover to prevent large-sized germplasm samples from being accidentally aspirated. The inside is filled with filter cotton and biochemical cotton, which can enhance the filtration of local water quality in the tank, while generating water flow disturbance to promote water circulation in the tank and increase dissolved oxygen content.

[0058] The aeration system includes an aeration tank 8 and an oxygen supply component 7. The aeration tank 8 is connected to each layer of aquaculture tanks via pipe fittings. Electrical accessories provide power to the system, and the components are assembled and connected via pipe fittings and electrical accessories. An aeration disc is installed inside the aeration tank 8 and connected to the air outlet of the oxygen supply component 7. The aeration rate can be adjusted via a valve. The oxygen supply component 7 uses a silent oxygen pump with adjustable oxygen flow rate, connected to the aeration disc via an air pipe, providing a stable air source for the aeration system.

[0059] The indoor multi-layer recirculating aquaculture system for freshwater fish germplasm samples also includes a water temperature monitoring module and a water quality monitoring module. The water temperature monitoring module is a digital thermometer, with one installed in each aquaculture tank. The water quality monitoring module includes a pH sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, and a dissolved oxygen sensor, and is connected to the recirculating water filter tank 6 and each aquaculture tank. The monitoring data can be displayed in real time.

[0060] The components of the recirculating aquaculture system for the indoor multi-layer culture of freshwater fish germplasm samples are assembled as follows:

[0061] For the installation of the stainless steel breeding rack 1, choose a flat indoor site and place the rack 1 in the designated location. Adjust the bottom anti-slip pads to ensure the rack is level and stable without any wobbling. The spacing between the three layers of the rack should be adjusted as follows: 65cm between the top and middle layers, and 70cm between the middle and bottom layers. The overall height of the rack should be controlled at approximately 2.2 meters for easy daily operation.

[0062] For the glass aquarium assembly installation, evenly place the nine upper-level aquarium tanks (3) on the upper-level aquarium rack, maintaining a 10cm distance between each tank for easy operation and water circulation. Install the three middle-level aquarium tanks (2) and the three lower-level aquarium tanks (4) on the middle and lower-level aquarium racks respectively, aligning the center lines of the tanks to ensure even stress distribution. After installation, check that each tank is level and that there are no leaks at the seals.

[0063] The temperature control system assembly connects the seafood aquaculture temperature control unit 5 to one of the lower aquaculture tanks 4 via a detachable pipe. The pipe connection is sealed with a sealing ring to ensure no water leakage. According to the aquaculture needs, a heating rod is installed in the aquaculture tank where tropical fish need to be raised. The heating rod is fixed to the side wall of the tank body, 10cm away from the bottom of the tank, to avoid direct contact with the tank body and prevent the glass from breaking.

[0064] The circulating water purification system is assembled by placing the circulating water filter tank 6 on one side of the stainless steel aquaculture rack 1 and filling it with filter media: a 15cm thick layer of coral sand at the bottom and an 8cm thick layer of activated carbon on top. The circulating water booster pump and ultraviolet sterilizer are connected in series with the circulating water filter tank via pipe fittings. The booster pump is installed on the outlet side of the filter tank, and the ultraviolet sterilizer is installed on the outlet pipe of the booster pump. Three sets of internal circulation filters are installed in the lower aquaculture tanks 4, fixed in the corners of the tanks with the inlets facing the center. The circulating water system is connected to each aquaculture tank via pipe fittings, with the inlet pipes branching to each tank and individual valves installed. The return water pipes collect from the drain holes at the bottom of each tank and connect to the circulating water filter tank 6, forming a closed loop.

[0065] The aeration system is assembled by placing the aeration tank 8 next to the circulating water filter tank 6 and connecting it to each layer of aquaculture tanks through pipes, and installing control valves; the oxygen supply component 7 is fixed in a ventilated area, with one end of the air pipe connected to the air outlet of the oxygen pump and the other end connected to the aeration disc inside the aeration tank 8, and checking whether the air pipe is leaking.

[0066] Install a water temperature monitoring module in each aquaculture tank, with the sensor probe fixed in the middle of the tank, 20cm above the water surface. Install pH, ammonia nitrogen, and nitrite sensors in the circulating water filter tank 6, and a dissolved oxygen sensor in the middle-layer aquaculture tank 2. Connect all sensors to the display panel. Connect the power cord of the electrical auxiliary equipment to the mains power supply, install a leakage current protection device, and connect each electrical device, such as the booster pump, ultraviolet sterilizer, oxygen pump, temperature controller, and heater, to their corresponding switches and sockets. Check that the circuit connections are correct.

[0067] System debugging: Leak test: Close all branch valves, fill the circulating water filter tank and each aquaculture tank with clean water until the water level reaches 2 / 3 of the tank volume, let it stand for 24 hours, and check for leaks at all pipe connections and tank seals. If there are leaks, replace the sealing rings or repair them in time.

[0068] Circulating water system commissioning: Turn on the circulating water booster pump, adjust the main valve and each branch valve to control the water inflow to each aquaculture tank, ensuring uniform water flow without any impact. Check the outlet flow rate of the circulating water filter tank to ensure it meets the system's circulation requirements, i.e., the hourly circulating water volume is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the total system water volume. After running for 24 hours, test the water quality indicators to ensure that the suspended particulate matter removal rate is not less than 90%.

[0069] Temperature control system debugging: For the lower breeding tank 4 connected to the temperature controller assembly, set the water temperature to 15℃, start the temperature controller, monitor the water temperature change, and ensure that the water temperature is stable at 15℃±0.5℃ within 24 hours; install a heater in a certain upper breeding tank 3, set the water temperature to 28℃, start the heater, and monitor whether it automatically cuts off the power after the water temperature reaches the set value to ensure temperature control accuracy.

[0070] Aeration system setup: Start the oxygen supply unit, adjust the aeration flow rate, and observe the bubble generation in the aeration tank to ensure that the bubbles are uniform and small, and that the dissolved oxygen concentration in each aquaculture tank reaches above 5 mg / L. Check the noise level of the oxygen pump to ensure it does not exceed 50 dB.

[0071] Monitoring module debugging: Start the monitoring module and check whether the display of parameters such as water temperature, pH value, ammonia nitrogen, and dissolved oxygen is accurate. Simulate abnormal water quality conditions, such as adding a small amount of ammonia water, and observe whether the system issues an alarm prompt in a timely manner.

[0072] Examples of the aquaculture applications of this invention are as follows:

[0073] Small-sized cold-water fish fry rearing: Select cold-water fish fry with a total length of 2.0-3.0cm. The suitable water temperature is 12-18℃. Stock them in the upper rearing tank 3, with a stocking density of 50 fish per tank. Activate the temperature control component 5, set the water temperature to 15℃, and start the circulating water purification system and aeration system. Monitor water temperature and water quality parameters in real time through the monitoring module. Feed a small amount of formulated feed daily, and promptly remove any uneaten feed. Change the water once a week, replacing 1 / 3 of the tank volume. After one month of rearing, the fry survival rate reaches 98%, and they are growing well.

[0074] Large-scale eurythermal broodstock rearing: Select eurythermal fish broodstock with a body length of 50-80cm, suitable water temperature of 15-25℃, and stock them in mid-level rearing tanks 2, with 2 fish per tank. No temperature controller or heater is needed; utilize the natural indoor water temperature (18-22℃). Operate the circulating water purification system and aeration system to maintain dissolved oxygen concentration above 6mg / L. Feed daily with natural food such as small fish and shrimp, and monitor water quality regularly to ensure ammonia nitrogen content ≤0.1mg / L. After 3 months of rearing, the broodstock will have stabilized weight and no disease occurrence.

[0075] Tropical fish germplasm sample rearing: Tropical fish germplasm samples with a total length of 3.0-5.0 cm were selected. The suitable water temperature was 26-30℃. 30 fish were stocked in each of two tanks in the lower rearing tank (tank 4). Heaters were installed in the tanks, and the water temperature was set to 28℃. The circulating water purification system and aeration system were activated, and water quality monitoring was strengthened. Tropical fish-specific feed was provided twice daily, and uneaten food and feces were regularly removed from the bottom of the tanks. After two months of rearing, the germplasm samples showed normal growth and stable reproductive capacity.

[0076] This invention uses three-tiered aquaculture tanks, numbered 1, 2, and 3 sequentially from the coral sand-lined filter tanks. Specifically, the tank furthest from the coral sand filter tank in each tier is designated as 1, and the closest as 3. To conduct a comparative experiment on aquaculture effects, a control group of tanks with the same specifications as the upper-tier tanks was set up. Unlike the multi-tiered tanks, the water in the control group tank was not circulated; one-third of the water was replaced daily using a pump. The water depth in both the three-tiered tanks and the control group tank was 35 cm. All tanks were fed the same feed at 3% of the fish's body weight. The number of experimental fish was determined based on the volume of the aquaculture water to ensure that the number of experimental fish per unit volume of aquaculture water was the same in all tanks.

[0077] Taking the breeding of 96 carp in one breeding tank (number 1) in the lower layer of this invention as an example, after a breeding experiment of 2 months, the initial and final growth records are shown in Table 1 and Table 2, respectively. The survival rate of the 96 samples was 100%. The initial average weight of 30 randomly selected samples was 5.66±0.96, and the final average weight of 30 randomly selected samples was 16.86±1.16. The average specific growth rate SGR of the 30 samples was (ln16.86-ln5.66) / 60×100%=1.82% / day.

[0078] Table 1 Initial Records of Carp Breeding in Tank No. 1 (Lower Layer)

[0079]

[0080] Table 2. Terminal Records of Carp Culture in Lower Tank No. 1

[0081]

[0082] Taking the culture of 96 carp in one culture tank (numbered 1) in the middle layer of this invention as an example, after a two-month culture experiment, the initial and final growth records are shown in Tables 3 and 4, respectively. The survival rate of the 96 samples was 100%. The initial average weight of 30 randomly selected samples was 5.42±0.99 kg, and the final average weight of the 30 randomly selected samples was 16.27±1.24 kg. The average specific growth rate (SGR) of the 30 samples was (ln16.27-ln5.42) / 60×100%=1.83% / day.

[0083] Table 3 Initial Records of Carp Farming in Tank No. 1 of the Middle Layer

[0084]

[0085] Table 4 Terminal Records of Carp Culture in Tank No. 1 (Middle Layer)

[0086]

[0087] Taking the breeding of 40 carp in one breeding tank (number 1) on the upper layer of this invention as an example, after a breeding experiment of 2 months, the initial and final growth records are shown in Table 5 and Table 6, respectively. The survival rate of the 40 samples was 100%. The initial average weight of 30 randomly selected samples was 5.67±0.78, and the final average weight of 30 randomly selected samples was 15.97±1.48. The average specific growth rate (SGR) of the 30 samples was (ln15.97-ln5.67) / 60×100%=1.72% / day.

[0088] Table 5 Initial Records of Carp Breeding in Tank No. 1 (Upper Layer)

[0089]

[0090] Table 6. Final Record of Carp Culture in Upper Tank No. 1

[0091]

[0092] Taking 40 carp raised in one breeding tank (number 1) in the control group as an example, after a two-month breeding experiment, the initial and final growth records are shown in Tables 7 and 8, respectively. The survival rate of the 60 samples was 100%. The initial average weight of 30 randomly selected samples was 5.43±0.90, and the final average weight of the 30 randomly selected samples was 10.40±1.06. The average specific growth rate (SGR) of the 30 samples was (ln10.40-ln5.43) / 60×100%=1.08% / day.

[0093] Table 7 Initial records of carp cultured in the control group

[0094]

[0095] Table 8. Final Records of Carp Farming in the Control Group

[0096]

[0097] The average specific weight gain rate of the experimental fish in the above three culture tanks and the control group after two months of culture is shown in the figure. Figure 8 ,Depend on Figure 8 It is evident that the average weight gain rate of the experimental fish in the three culture tanks was higher than that of the control group.

[0098] The average specific weight gain rate of the experimental fish in the above three culture tanks and the control group after two months of culture is shown in the figure. Figure 9 ,Depend on Figure 9 It is evident that the survival rate of the experimental fish in the three culture tanks was higher than that of the control group.

[0099] In the above comparative aquaculture experiment, the comparison between the control group and recirculating aquaculture in terms of manpower input and wastewater discharge is shown in Table 9. As can be seen from Table 9, the present invention has the advantages of high efficiency and low energy consumption compared with the traditional control group aquaculture.

[0100] Table 9 Comparison of the two types of aquaculture facilities in terms of labor input and wastewater discharge.

[0101]

[0102] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, and within the spirit and principles of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A recirculating aquaculture system for indoor multi-layer culture of freshwater fish germplasm samples, characterized in that, The system includes a stainless steel breeding rack, glass breeding tank components, a temperature control system, a circulating water purification system, and an aeration system; The stainless steel breeding rack is constructed from stainless steel profiles and has a three-layer structure. The glass breeding tank assembly includes an upper breeding tank, a middle breeding tank, and a lower breeding tank. The upper breeding tank consists of 9 glass breeding tanks, each with a length of 50cm, a width of 40cm, and a height of 60cm. The middle and lower breeding tanks each consist of 3 glass breeding tanks, each with a length of 120cm, a width of 50cm, and a height of 60cm. The temperature control system includes an external seafood aquaculture temperature control unit and a built-in heating rod. The temperature control unit is detachably connected to one of the lower-level aquaculture tanks, and the heating rod can be selectively installed in each aquaculture tank. The circulating water purification system includes a circulating water filter tank, a circulating water booster pump, an ultraviolet sterilizer, and an internal circulation filter. The circulating water filter tank, the circulating water booster pump, and the ultraviolet sterilizer are connected in series via pipe fittings and form a closed loop with each aquaculture tank. There are three sets of internal circulation filters, each installed in the lower-level aquaculture tank. The filter media in the water tank is filled with circulating water filter media, including coral sand and activated carbon. The aeration system includes an aeration tank and an oxygen supply component. The aeration tank is connected to each layer of aquaculture tanks through pipe fittings. An aeration disc is installed inside the aeration tank and connected to the air outlet of the oxygen supply component.

2. The recirculating aquaculture system for indoor multi-layer culture of freshwater fish germplasm samples as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The stainless steel breeding rack has a three-layer structure that is height-adapted to the installation requirements of the glass breeding tank components. The spacing between the upper breeding racks is greater than or equal to 65cm, the spacing between the middle and lower breeding racks is greater than or equal to 70cm, and each breeding rack is equipped with anti-slip pads at the bottom.

3. The recirculating aquaculture system for indoor multi-layer culture of freshwater fish germplasm samples as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control unit has a temperature control range of 5℃-20℃ and a temperature control accuracy of ±0.5℃. The heating rod has a power of 500W-1000W, a temperature control range of 20℃-35℃, and an automatic constant temperature protection function.

4. The recirculating aquaculture system for indoor multi-layer culture of freshwater fish germplasm samples as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The circulating water booster pump has a power of 360W and a rated flow rate greater than or equal to 1.5m3 / h. The ultraviolet sterilizer is made of 304 stainless steel and adopts a 55W dual-tube design.

5. The recirculating aquaculture system for indoor multi-layer culture of freshwater fish germplasm samples as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The internal circulation filter has a power of 30W and integrates filtration, oxygenation, and flow generation functions. Its inlet is equipped with a protective mesh cover.

6. The recirculating aquaculture system for indoor multi-layer culture of freshwater fish germplasm samples as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pipe fittings are made of PVC material under the Liansu brand, including inlet pipes, return pipes and matching joints and valves in sizes of Ф20, Ф25, Ф32 and Ф50, with sealing rings installed at each pipe connection.

7. The recirculating aquaculture system for indoor multi-layer culture of freshwater fish germplasm samples as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the aeration tank and the circulating water filtration tank are made of thickened PC board with a compressive strength greater than or equal to 1.2 MPa.

8. The recirculating aquaculture system for indoor multi-layer culture of freshwater fish germplasm samples as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water tank filter media has a filling thickness of 20cm-30cm, with coral sand laid at the bottom layer at a thickness of 15cm-20cm and activated carbon laid at the top layer at a thickness of 5cm-10cm.

9. The recirculating aquaculture system for indoor multi-layer culture of freshwater fish germplasm samples as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the upper aquaculture tank is provided with evenly distributed drainage holes, which are connected to the circulating water purification system through pipes. Each glass aquaculture tank in the upper aquaculture tank is equipped with an independent control valve.

10. The recirculating aquaculture system for indoor multi-layer culture of freshwater fish germplasm samples as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes a water temperature monitoring module and a water quality monitoring module. The water temperature monitoring module is a digital thermometer, with one installed in each aquaculture tank. The water quality monitoring module includes a pH sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, and a dissolved oxygen sensor, which are connected to the circulating water filter tank and each aquaculture tank. The monitoring data can be displayed in real time.

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