An intelligent breathing training device for postoperative respiratory function rehabilitation training of thoracic surgery

Abstract

This application relates to an intelligent respiratory training device for post-thoracic surgery respiratory function rehabilitation training, belonging to the technical field of medical rehabilitation devices. The device includes a housing, a resistance training module, an airflow sensing module, and a main control module. The resistance training module includes an actuator that can be rotated by the respiratory airflow. The airflow sensing module includes a flow obstruction screen and a differential pressure sensor disposed in the airflow channel. The main control module is configured to: calculate the instantaneous velocity of the respiratory airflow based on the differential pressure signal collected in real time by the differential pressure sensor, and generate a control signal based on the real-time deviation between the instantaneous velocity and the preset target velocity to dynamically adjust the resistance torque on the actuator, thereby guiding the instantaneous velocity towards the preset target velocity. This application solves the problems of fixed resistance modes, inability to quantify and evaluate, and lack of personalized guidance in traditional training devices by constructing a closed-loop control system with real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment, achieving intelligent, precise, and adaptive control of the respiratory training process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of medical rehabilitation devices, and in particular to an intelligent respiratory training device for postoperative respiratory function rehabilitation training in thoracic surgery. Background Technology

[0002] Postoperative respiratory function is often weakened after thoracic surgery. Systematic and scientific respiratory rehabilitation training is crucial for preventing atelectasis and promoting lung expansion. Currently, most respiratory training devices available in clinical practice and on the market focus on providing a single mechanical resistance to strengthen the patient's respiratory muscles. For example, Chinese Patent CN115970235B discloses a postoperative respiratory training device that uses a spiral spring and fan-blade structure. It adjusts expiratory resistance through artificial pre-tensioning of the spring and uses spring rebound to assist inhalation.

[0003] However, such existing technologies generally have the following limitations: 1. Lack of quantitative monitoring and objective assessment during training: Existing devices only provide physical resistance and cannot monitor and record key parameters during the patient's breathing process in real time, such as expiratory / inspiratory volume and instantaneous flow rate. Therefore, neither medical staff nor the patient can objectively determine whether a single breath has met the effective training standard, nor can they accurately and quantitatively assess the progress of rehabilitation. The training effect relies on subjective feelings and lacks scientific rigor.

[0004] 2. Fixed training mode, unable to achieve personalized guidance: Devices such as CN115970235B, although their resistance can be manually pre-adjusted, have fixed resistance characteristics (e.g., linear increase) during a single training session, and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the patient's real-time respiratory flow and rhythm. This may lead to patients being unable to effectively initiate the training due to excessive resistance in the initial stage, or experiencing frustration due to a sharp increase in resistance later on. It fails to guide patients to form a stable, deep, and correct breathing pattern, resulting in low adaptability and personalization of the training.

[0005] 3. Limited functionality, failing to meet comprehensive rehabilitation needs: Existing devices primarily train the expiratory phase, with the inspiratory phase mostly involving passive and uncontrollable elastic rebound assistance. They lack active and controllable training of the inspiratory muscles, while deep, slow inspiratory training is crucial for postoperative pulmonary resuscitation. Furthermore, these devices are typically isolated, lacking the ability to interact with external systems, hindering the construction of a continuous closed-loop rehabilitation management system.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intelligent respiratory training device that can monitor respiratory parameters accurately in real time, dynamically adjust training load based on monitoring data, and provide comprehensive quantitative feedback, in order to solve the problems of blind training, poor adaptability, and difficult assessment in existing technologies, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of respiratory rehabilitation after thoracic surgery. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the shortcomings of existing respiratory training devices, such as the inability to quantitatively monitor respiratory status in real time, the inability to dynamically adjust training load based on monitoring results, and the lack of intelligent and personalized guidance for the complete respiratory cycle, this application provides an intelligent respiratory training device for postoperative respiratory function rehabilitation training in thoracic surgery.

[0008] This application provides an intelligent respiratory training device for postoperative respiratory function rehabilitation in thoracic surgery, which adopts the following technical solution: An intelligent respiratory training device for postoperative respiratory function rehabilitation in thoracic surgery includes a shell, an airflow channel, a resistance training module, an airflow sensing module, and a main control module. The main control module is configured to calculate the respiratory flow rate based on the pressure difference detected in real time by the airflow sensing module, and dynamically adjust the resistance torque of the resistance training module based on the deviation between this flow rate and the target flow rate.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, a closed-loop intelligent control system of "real-time monitoring - instantaneous comparison - dynamic adjustment" is constructed in the breathing training device. This solves the problem that existing technologies can only provide fixed or monotonically increasing resistance and cannot guide the user's actual breathing state, making the training process adaptive and interactive.

[0010] Furthermore, the resistance training module also includes a constant force generating mechanism consisting of a rotating shaft, a sliding block, and a traction component, as well as a controlled resistance adjustment unit. The gravity of the sliding block provides the basic constant resistance, while the resistance adjustment unit provides an additional force that can be dynamically adjusted.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, constant gravitational resistance is combined with adjustable additional force. This allows the device to provide a stable and predictable base load, while also enabling precise and dynamic changes in resistance through intelligent adjustment, thus providing a reliable physical basis for closed-loop control.

[0012] Furthermore, the housing is equipped with a sliding tube for the sliding block to slide, ensuring that the sliding block can slide smoothly along the axis.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, precise guidance and motion trajectory are provided for the sliding block, ensuring the linearity and stability of gravity resistance transmission.

[0014] Furthermore, the resistance adjustment unit is an electromagnetic force generating device on the side wall of the sliding tube. It changes the normal pressure of the sliding block on the tube wall through magnetic attraction, thereby adjusting the sliding friction to achieve a change in effective weight.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, a method for resistance adjustment that is simple in structure, responds quickly, and controls precisely is provided. Friction force can be steplessly adjusted by controlling the current, achieving efficient and reliable conversion of electronic control signals into mechanical resistance.

[0016] Furthermore, the sliding tube is made of a transparent material and has scale lines.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, users are provided with the most intuitive mechanical visual feedback. Users can directly observe changes in the height of the sliding block to perceive breathing force and volume, enhancing the immersion and motivation during training and achieving basic intelligent human-computer interaction.

[0018] Furthermore, the airflow sensing module also includes a temperature sensor. The main control module can combine the temperature signal to perform more accurate flow rate and volume calculations, and can determine the effectiveness of training based on the accumulated volume.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution and introducing a temperature compensation mechanism, the accuracy and reliability of flow measurement are significantly improved, reaching the level of medical monitoring. Simultaneously, the effectiveness of training is automatically judged using the target volume as a key physiological indicator, quantifying and standardizing the training effect and replacing traditional subjective judgment.

[0020] Furthermore, the differential pressure sensor is bidirectional, which allows the main control module to distinguish and process exhalation and inhalation data separately.

[0021] By employing the above technical solution, bidirectional independent monitoring and recording of the complete respiratory cycle (inspiration and expiration) is achieved. This enables the device to support comprehensive respiratory muscle training and assessment, meeting the full clinical needs of postoperative pulmonary resuscitation.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes an interactive feedback module and a wireless communication module for providing multi-sensory real-time feedback and for remote data transmission.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solutions, the human-computer interaction interface has been improved, and users can be guided in training through real-time feedback such as sound and light; and through data interconnection, the device is integrated into the smart medical system, supporting remote monitoring, personalized plan adjustment and long-term rehabilitation management.

[0024] This application provides a respiratory rehabilitation training method using an intelligent respiratory training device for post-thoracic surgery respiratory function rehabilitation training, which adopts the following technical solution: A respiratory rehabilitation training method using an intelligent respiratory training device for post-thoracic surgery respiratory function rehabilitation training mainly includes an expiratory training phase, the core steps of which are: monitoring expiratory pressure difference, calculating real-time flow rate, comparing with target flow rate to generate deviation, dynamically adjusting resistance based on deviation, and recording data.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the core control process for training using this intelligent device is protected. This method clarifies how real-time physiological data is used for immediate intervention, ensuring the scientific validity and effectiveness of the training, avoiding dependence on the device's structure, and expanding the scope of protection.

[0026] Furthermore, the method also includes an inhalation training phase, in which the sliding block is used to assist inhalation by falling under gravity, and the inhalation process is monitored in real time and the resistance / assistance is adjusted.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the complete two-way breathing training method is protected. Special emphasis is placed on the step of actively assisted inhalation using the potential energy stored in the device, and the application of closed-loop intelligent regulation during this process, ensuring the safety and effectiveness of the inhalation training.

[0028] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By constructing a closed-loop control system of "real-time sensing - intelligent calculation - dynamic adjustment", the core defects of traditional breathing trainers, such as fixed resistance modes and inability to provide personalized guidance based on the user's real-time status, are solved, thus realizing adaptive intelligent training.

[0029] 2. Through a mechanical structure that combines constant gravity-based resistance with electromagnetically adjustable additional force, the stability and predictability of training resistance are ensured, while also enabling stepless, precise, and rapid adjustment of the resistance magnitude, thus providing a physical basis for intelligent closed-loop systems.

[0030] 3. By using high-precision flow sieve differential pressure measurement and temperature compensation technology, medical-grade quantitative monitoring of key parameters such as respiratory flow rate and volume is achieved, and the data is used to objectively determine the effectiveness of training, so that rehabilitation assessment can move from subjective experience to objective data-driven assessment.

[0031] 4. Through bidirectional sensing and a unique gravitational potential energy-assisted inhalation design, it enables independent training and monitoring of both expiratory and inspiratory phases, and in particular provides active inspiratory assistance, which better meets the urgent clinical needs of preventing atelectasis and promoting lung expansion after thoracic surgery. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent respiratory training device for postoperative respiratory function rehabilitation training in thoracic surgery according to this application. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of AA in the middle; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Cross-sectional schematic diagram of BB; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged diagram of section C; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the execution component and the rotating shaft of this application.

[0033] Reference numerals: 1. Housing; 11. Airflow channel; 12. Nozzle interface; 13. Sealing sleeve; 2. Resistance training module; 21. Actuating component; 211. Fan blade; 22. Constant force generating mechanism; 221. Rotating shaft; 222. Sliding block; 223. Sliding tube; 224. Traction component; 23. Resistance adjustment unit; 231. Electromagnetic force generating device; 24. Locking structure; 241. Groove; 242. Locking block; 243. Driving component; 3. Airflow sensing module; 31. Flow obstruction screen; 32. Differential pressure sensor; 33. Temperature sensor; 4. LED light ring. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-5 This application will be described in further detail.

[0035] This application discloses an intelligent respiratory training device for postoperative respiratory function rehabilitation training in thoracic surgery.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 An intelligent respiratory training device for postoperative respiratory function rehabilitation training in thoracic surgery mainly includes a shell 1, a resistance training module 2, an airflow sensing module 3, a main control module, an interactive feedback module, and a wireless communication module.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 The housing 1 has a through airflow channel 11 inside, with a mouthpiece interface 12 at one end for the user to hold in their mouth, and the other end communicating with the outside. The middle of the airflow channel 11 has an enlarged cavity for accommodating the core components of the resistance training module 2; in this embodiment, a sealing soft sleeve 13 is also provided on one side of the mouthpiece interface 12, which can effectively reduce air leakage between the user's mouth and the airflow channel 11.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3The resistance training module 2 includes an execution component 21, a constant force generating mechanism 22, and a resistance adjustment unit 23. In this embodiment, the execution component 21 consists of multiple sets of fan blades 211 fixed to a rotating shaft 221. The constant force generating mechanism 22 includes a rotating shaft 221, a sliding block 222, a sliding tube 223, and a traction member 224. The sliding tube 223 is vertically fixed to the outside of the housing 1 and is made of transparent acrylic material with scale lines printed on the outer side of the tube wall. The sliding block 222 is slidably disposed inside the sliding tube 223, and its weight can be adjusted by adding or removing counterweights according to the training intensity. One end of the traction member 224 is fixed and wound around the extension end of the rotating shaft 221, the extension end of which is located outside the housing 1. After the traction member 224 passes around a guide pulley, the other end is connected to the sliding block 222. When the user exhales, driving the fan blades 211 and the shaft 221 to rotate, the traction member 224 is wound around, thereby lifting the sliding block 222. The weight of the sliding block 22 is converted into a basic resistance torque that opposes the rotation of the shaft 221 through the traction member 224. In this embodiment, the traction member 224 can be a high-strength fiber rope. Since the sliding tube 223 is made of a transparent material, it is easy to observe the position of the sliding block 222 within the sliding tube 223, thereby preliminarily estimating the rotation angle of the shaft 221, which allows the user to roughly estimate the total amount of exhaled air.

[0039] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The resistance adjustment unit 23 includes a strip-shaped electromagnetic force generating device 231 fixedly mounted on the side wall of the sliding tube 223. The length direction of the electromagnetic force generating device 231 is parallel to the axial direction of the sliding tube 223. The sliding block 222 is made of a material that can be attracted by magnetic force. When the main control module controls the electromagnetic force generating device 231 to generate a magnetic attraction force, the sliding block 222 will be subjected to a magnetic attraction force pointing towards the side wall of the sliding tube 223. Since the sliding tube 223 is installed vertically, this magnetic attraction force is directly converted into a normal pressure of the sliding block 222 on the side wall of the sliding tube 223, thereby generating a sliding friction force between the sliding block 222 and the side wall of the sliding tube 223. Its core working principle is as follows: When the electromagnetic force generator 231 is not energized or the current is zero, the magnetic attraction force is zero, and the normal pressure of the sliding block 222 on the pipe wall is almost zero. At this time, the sliding friction force is extremely small, and the effective weight of the sliding block 222 is almost equal to its actual weight. When the main control module adjusts and increases the current input to the electromagnetic force generator 231, the magnetic attraction force increases accordingly, causing the normal pressure of the sliding block 222 on the pipe wall and the corresponding sliding friction force to increase synchronously. This increases the resistance that the sliding block 222 needs to overcome when sliding upward, that is, increases its effective weight (and decreases its effective weight when sliding downward). Conversely, decreasing the current decreases its effective weight (and increases its effective weight when sliding downward). In this way, the main control module can dynamically and precisely adjust the effective weight of the sliding block 222, thereby changing the basic resistance torque applied to the rotating shaft 221.

[0040] Reference Figure 4 The resistance training module 2 also includes a locking structure 24, which is used to fix the position of the rotating shaft 221 during the transition gap between the end of exhalation and the beginning of inhalation, or when training is paused, to prevent accidental rotation. Specifically, multiple grooves 241 are evenly provided on the top circumference of the rotating shaft 221 extending out of the airflow channel 11. A locking block 242 is slidably installed at the corresponding position on the housing 1. The locking block 242 can be driven to slide by a driving member 243. In this embodiment, the driving member 243 can be a miniature electromagnet or a manual lever. When the locking block 242 slides inward under the driving action and inserts into any groove 241 of the rotating shaft 221, it can mechanically prevent the rotating shaft 221 from rotating, achieving reliable locking; when the locking block 242 slides outward and exits the groove 241, the locking of the rotating shaft 221 is released, and the rotating shaft 221 can rotate freely.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 The airflow sensing module 3 includes a flow barrier 31, a differential pressure sensor 32, and a temperature sensor 33. The flow barrier 31 is a thin-walled porous plate, fixedly installed in the airflow channel 11 and located downstream of the actuator 21. Its design ensures a stable pressure difference is generated before and after the airflow passes through it. The two pressure taps of the differential pressure sensor 32 are connected to the front and rear positions of the flow barrier 31 via microtubes for accurate pressure difference measurement. The temperature sensor 33 is installed on the pipe wall near the flow barrier 31 to measure the airflow temperature. In this embodiment, a bidirectional differential pressure sensor 32 is selected, capable of detecting positive and negative pressure differences, thereby distinguishing between exhalation and inhalation.

[0042] Reference Figure 2 The main control module is integrated into a sealed circuit board within the housing 1, and its core is a microprocessor. It is electrically connected to the differential pressure sensor 32 and the temperature sensor 33 via an analog-to-digital converter, and controls the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnetic generator 231 via a digital-to-analog converter or a pulse width modulation interface. The main control module stores control algorithms, calibration parameters, and user data.

[0043] Reference Figure 2 The interactive feedback module includes: a multi-color LED light ring 4 surrounding the mouthpiece interface 12 for providing light feedback; a miniature speaker for playing voice guidance and prompts; and a wireless communication module, specifically a Bluetooth module, for wireless data exchange with external terminal devices such as smartphones or tablets.

[0044] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The main control module implements the core algorithm for calculating the instantaneous flow rate and cumulative volume of respiratory airflow. Its principle is based on the pressure difference signal generated before and after the flow sieve, combined with real-time temperature compensation to obtain accurate flow rate and volume data. Specifically: (1) Core Computing Principles Based on fluid mechanics principles and using pre-calibrated system parameters, the main control module converts the real-time acquired signals from the differential pressure sensor 32 and temperature sensor 33 into instantaneous flow velocity values ​​for the breathing airflow. Specifically, the flow velocity is calculated to be proportional to the square root of the differential pressure, and the air density is corrected using real-time temperature to eliminate the influence of ambient temperature changes on measurement accuracy. The instantaneous volumetric flow rate is obtained by multiplying the instantaneous flow velocity by the fixed cross-sectional area of ​​the airflow channel 11. The cumulative volume of a single breath is obtained by accumulating (i.e., numerical integration) the instantaneous flow rates at all sampling moments during a single breath.

[0045] (2) Real-time calculation and execution steps The main control module executes the following steps in a fixed high frequency (e.g., every 10 milliseconds): S1: Synchronous data acquisition: Simultaneously read the differential pressure value of differential pressure sensor 32 and the temperature value of temperature sensor 33.

[0046] S2: Breathing phase determination: Based on the positive or negative value of the pressure difference, automatically determine whether the current airflow direction is exhalation or inhalation.

[0047] S3: Parameter Compensation and Calculation: First, the air density is calculated in real time based on the current temperature value.

[0048] Next, the compensated density value, the measured absolute value of the pressure difference, and the device calibration coefficient (outflow coefficient) pre-stored in the main control module are substituted into the core algorithm to calculate the instantaneous flow velocity of the airflow at the current moment.

[0049] Then, based on the instantaneous flow velocity and the known pipe cross-sectional area, the instantaneous volumetric flow rate at that moment is calculated.

[0050] S4: Volume Integration and Recording: Multiply the instantaneous flow rate obtained in this calculation by the sampling time to obtain the small gas volume within this time period, and add it to the total volume register corresponding to the current breathing phase (exhalation or inhalation).

[0051] S5: Training Effectiveness Assessment: When a breathing phase (such as one exhalation) ends, the main control module compares the final accumulated volume of that phase with the preset rehabilitation target volume (e.g., 500 ml). If the target is reached or exceeded, the breathing training is determined to be an effective training session and recorded.

[0052] S6: Data storage and transmission: Detailed data for each breath, including start and end time, breathing type, peak flow rate, average flow rate, cumulative volume, and effectiveness, are stored in the main control module's memory and can be uploaded to a mobile app or cloud server via Bluetooth for generating training reports and rehabilitation trend analysis.

[0053] (3) System calibration To ensure that measurement results meet medical-grade accuracy requirements (e.g., cumulative volumetric error within ±3%), each device undergoes rigorous fluid system calibration before leaving the factory. The calibration process uses a high-precision standard flow meter to generate a series of known and stable standard flow rates within the device's airflow channel 11. The output signal of the device's differential pressure sensor 32 is recorded at these standard flow rates. By performing fitting analysis on these data, unique optimal calibration parameters are determined for each device, and its linearity across the entire measurement range is verified. These calibration parameters are permanently stored in the main control module to ensure the accuracy of all subsequent calculations.

[0054] The working principle of this application embodiment is as follows: When a user performs breathing training, the airflow drives the actuator 21 of the resistance training module 2 to move. The downstream airflow sensing module 3 monitors breathing parameters in real time and accurately and transmits them to the main control module. The main control module calculates the instantaneous flow velocity and compares it with the preset target in real time to generate control commands and dynamically adjust the output torque of the resistance training module 2, thus forming a real-time closed loop of monitoring-analysis-adjustment. This closed-loop system provides adaptive resistance guidance during the expiratory phase and can use stored potential energy to provide auxiliary power and perform intelligent adjustment during the inspiratory phase. All key data in the entire process are recorded and analyzed, thereby upgrading traditional mechanical training into a quantifiable, assessable, and personalized intelligent rehabilitation process.

[0055] This application discloses a respiratory rehabilitation training method using an intelligent respiratory training device for post-thoracic surgery respiratory function rehabilitation training.

[0056] Reference Figures 1-5 A respiratory rehabilitation training method using an intelligent respiratory training device for post-thoracic surgery respiratory function rehabilitation training is specifically divided into an expiratory training phase and an inspiratory training phase. A complete training cycle consists of expiratory training followed immediately by inspiratory training.

[0057] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The exhalation training phase includes the following steps: E1: Training Start: The user begins to exhale by holding the mouthpiece in their mouth. The airflow drives the fan blades 211 and the rotating shaft 221 to rotate. The rotating shaft 221 winds up the traction component 224, thereby causing the sliding block 222 to rise. At this time, the LED light ring 4 lights up blue, indicating that the exhalation training mode has been entered.

[0058] E2: Real-time monitoring: The airflow sensing module 3 starts working immediately, the differential pressure sensor 32 monitors the airflow differential pressure through the flow barrier 31 in real time, and the temperature sensor 33 monitors its temperature value in real time.

[0059] E3: Real-time calculation: The main control module calculates the instantaneous speed of the exhaled airflow in real time based on the monitoring data of the differential pressure sensor 32 and the temperature sensor 33.

[0060] E4: Intelligent resistance adjustment: The main control module continuously compares the real-time calculated exhalation speed with the preset "ideal exhalation target speed".

[0061] If the system detects that the user is exhaling too quickly, with the instantaneous speed exceeding the target value, the main control module will immediately increase the current output to the electromagnetic force generator 231. This increased current leads to a greater magnetic attraction, which in turn increases the friction between the sliding block 222 and the tube wall, effectively increasing the effective weight and training resistance of the sliding block 222. The user will immediately feel their exhalation become "heavier," thus subconsciously slowing down their exhalation speed.

[0062] Conversely, if insufficient exhalation force or speed is detected, the main control module reduces the current, friction, and effective weight to decrease resistance and encourage the user to exhale more deeply.

[0063] Through the aforementioned real-time feedback and adjustment, a closed-loop control system is formed, guiding the user's expiratory flow rate to stabilize near the target value, and training their ability to control the depth and rhythm of exhalation.

[0064] E5: Training End and Feedback: After exhalation, the main control module calculates the total volume of exhaled gas. If the target volume is reached, it is considered a high-quality training session, LED ring 4 flashes green and an encouraging voice message is played; otherwise, a prompt is given. All data is recorded and synchronized to the mobile app.

[0065] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 There is a brief user transition interval between the end of the exhalation training phase and the beginning of the inhalation training phase. To prevent the sliding block 222 from falling prematurely due to gravity and causing malfunction, the main control module can control the driving component (such as a miniature electromagnet) of the locking structure 24 to insert the locking block 242 into the groove 241 of the rotating shaft 221, locking the rotating shaft 221. When the user is ready to begin inhalation, the main control module then controls the locking block 242 to retract, releasing the lock.

[0066] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The inhalation training phase includes the following steps: I1: Phase transition: At the end of exhalation, the sliding block 222 remains at a high position, storing gravitational potential energy.

[0067] I2: Assisted Inhalation Activation: When the user begins to inhale, the main control module controls the electromagnetic force generator 231 to bring the sliding block 222 into a suitable "lightweight" state. The sliding block 222 falls smoothly under gravity, and through the traction component 224, it drags the rotating shaft 221 and fan blades 211 to rotate in the opposite direction, acting like a miniature blower to actively draw external air into the channel, providing the user with the power for assisted inhalation and helping to overcome the problem of insufficient inspiratory muscle strength after surgery. At this time, the LED light ring 4 illuminates green.

[0068] I3: Real-time monitoring of airflow data: During the intake process, the airflow sensing module 3 continuously monitors the airflow pressure difference and temperature value passing through the choke screen 31.

[0069] I4: Intelligent adjustment of assist force: The main control module calculates the inhalation flow rate in real time based on the monitoring data of the airflow sensor module 3.

[0070] Similarly, the effective weight and falling behavior of the sliding block 222 are controlled by adjusting the electromagnetic force, thereby finely adjusting the strength of the assisted inhalation. For example, when the inhalation is too rapid, the resistance can be appropriately increased to guide a smoother inhalation; when the inhalation is weak, the resistance can be reduced to enhance the assisted effect.

[0071] I5: End and Evaluation: After the inhalation phase, perform volume determination, feedback, and data recording similar to the exhalation phase.

[0072] Reference Figure 1 Visual feedback and data management The entire training process features dual visual feedback: First, users can directly observe the height of the sliding block 222 rising and falling through the transparent scaled sliding tube 223. This height directly corresponds to the amount of work done during breathing, providing the most direct mechanical feedback. Second, through a mobile app, users and doctors can view precise numbers and charts, including the flow rate waveform, volume, training effectiveness statistics, and long-term rehabilitation trend graphs for each breath. They can also remotely adjust training target parameters to achieve scientific and personalized rehabilitation management.

[0073] The working principle of this application embodiment is as follows: By deeply integrating high-precision gas flow monitoring technology, an adjustable mechanical resistance / assist mechanism based on the principles of gravity and electromagnetic friction, and an intelligent closed-loop feedback control algorithm, this device not only overcomes the shortcomings of traditional respiratory trainers that only offer fixed resistance and cannot quantify monitoring and guidance, but also achieves data-driven, adaptive intelligent training for both inspiratory and expiratory phases. Simultaneously, the device provides real-time biofeedback and digital rehabilitation records, greatly enhancing the scientific rigor, engagement, and patient compliance of the training, offering an efficient and precise intelligent solution for postoperative respiratory function rehabilitation in thoracic surgery.

[0074] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An intelligent respiratory training device for postoperative respiratory function rehabilitation training in thoracic surgery, comprising a housing (1) and an airflow channel (11) disposed within the housing (1), characterized in that: Also includes: Resistance training module (2), the resistance training module (2) includes an actuator (21) that can be rotated by respiratory airflow. The airflow sensing module (3) includes a flow barrier screen (31) disposed in the airflow channel (11) and a differential pressure sensor (32) for detecting the pressure difference before and after the flow barrier screen (31). The flow barrier screen (31) is located downstream of the actuator (21). The main control module is electrically connected to the differential pressure sensor (32) and the resistance training module (2); The main control module is configured as follows: The instantaneous flow rate of the breathing air is calculated based on the differential pressure signal collected in real time by the differential pressure sensor (32); a control signal is generated based on the real-time deviation between the instantaneous flow rate and the preset target flow rate. The control signal is sent to the resistance training module (2) to dynamically adjust the resistance torque on the execution component (21), thereby guiding the instantaneous flow velocity toward the preset target flow velocity.

2. The intelligent respiratory training device for postoperative respiratory function rehabilitation training in thoracic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resistance training module (2) also includes: A constant force generating mechanism (22) includes a rotating shaft (221), a sliding block (222), and a traction member (224) connecting the rotating shaft (221) and the sliding block (222). The actuating component (21) is fixed on the rotating shaft (221), and the gravity of the sliding block (222) provides a basic resistance torque for the rotation of the rotating shaft (221) through the traction member (224). The resistance adjustment unit (23) is configured to be controlled by the control signal of the main control module to generate a dynamically adjusted additional force, which works in conjunction with the gravity of the sliding block (222) to jointly constitute the dynamically adjusted resistance torque.

3. The intelligent respiratory training device for postoperative respiratory function rehabilitation training in thoracic surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The housing (1) is provided with a sliding tube (223) for sliding block (222) to slide. The sliding block (222) slides along the axis of the sliding tube (223) under the combined action of gravity and traction member (224), and the component force of the sliding block (222) moving down along the sliding tube (223) is greater than the frictional force of the sliding tube (223) on the sliding block (222).

4. The intelligent respiratory training device for postoperative respiratory function rehabilitation training in thoracic surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The resistance adjustment unit (23) is an electromagnetic force generating device (231) arranged on the side wall of the sliding tube (223) along the axial direction of the sliding tube (223). The electromagnetic force generating device (231) is configured to apply a controllable electromagnetic force to the sliding block (222) to change the effective weight of the sliding block (222) sliding in the sliding tube (223).

5. The intelligent respiratory training device for postoperative respiratory function rehabilitation training in thoracic surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sliding tube (223) is made of transparent material and has scale lines on it.

6. The intelligent respiratory training device for postoperative respiratory function rehabilitation training in thoracic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airflow sensing module (3) also includes a temperature sensor (33). The main control module is also configured to calculate the instantaneous flow rate and the cumulative respiratory volume by combining the temperature signal collected by the temperature sensor (33). The main control module is also configured to: perform time integration on the instantaneous flow rate to obtain the cumulative volume of a single breath, and determine that the breathing training is effective when the cumulative volume reaches the preset target volume.

7. The intelligent respiratory training device for postoperative respiratory function rehabilitation training in thoracic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The differential pressure sensor (32) is a bidirectional differential pressure sensor (32). The main control module is also configured to determine whether the current phase is exhalation or inhalation based on the positive or negative value of the differential pressure signal, and to calculate, guide and record the instantaneous flow rates of the exhalation and inhalation airflows respectively.

8. The intelligent respiratory training device for postoperative respiratory function rehabilitation training in thoracic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an interactive feedback module connected to the main control module, the interactive feedback module including at least one of a visual prompting unit and an auditory prompting unit, used to provide the user with real-time training feedback related to the instantaneous flow velocity or the real-time deviation; it also includes a wireless communication module, the wireless communication module being connected to the main control module, used to send the adjustment records of the instantaneous flow velocity, cumulative volume and resistance torque during the training process to an external terminal device.

9. A respiratory rehabilitation training method using an intelligent respiratory training device for postoperative respiratory function rehabilitation training in thoracic surgery as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The breathing training phase includes the following steps: E1: The user exhales through the device, and the airflow drives the actuator (21) to rotate; E2: The airflow sensing module (3) monitors the airflow pressure difference passing through the flow barrier screen (31) in real time; E3: The main control module calculates the instantaneous flow rate of the exhaled airflow based on the pressure difference, and calculates the deviation between it and the preset target exhalation flow rate; E4: The main control module generates a control signal based on the deviation and dynamically adjusts the resistance torque applied by the resistance training module (2) to reduce the deviation; E5: The main control module records and outputs the parameters and adjustment records of the exhalation training phase.

10. The respiratory rehabilitation training method according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes an inhalation training phase, which includes the following steps: I1: When the user inhales through the device, the sliding block (222) falls under its effective gravity and drives the rotating shaft (221) and the execution component (21) to rotate in the opposite direction through the traction member (224), thereby generating an auxiliary inhalation airflow in the airflow channel (11); I2: The airflow sensing module (3) detects the airflow pressure difference passing through the flow barrier screen (31) in real time; I3: The main control module calculates the instantaneous flow rate of the inhaled airflow based on the pressure difference, and calculates the deviation between it and the preset target inhaled airflow rate; I4: The main control module generates a control signal based on the deviation and dynamically adjusts the resistance torque applied by the resistance training module (2) to reduce the deviation; I5: The main control module records and outputs the parameters and adjustment records of the inhalation training phase.

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