Cascade type sediment sorting and resource utilization device

Abstract

This application relates to a stepped sediment sorting and resource utilization device. It is applicable to the field of sediment sorting and resource utilization technology. The technical solution includes a support frame for providing installation support; multiple screen buckets, inclined in a stepped manner along the height direction on the support frame, for progressively separating sediment materials by particle size; a material conveying assembly, rotatably disposed inside each screen bucket, for conveying material that has not passed through the screen holes to the outside of the screen bucket; a baffle plate assembly, rotatably connected to the bottom of the screen bucket, for intermittently blocking material inside the screen bucket with reciprocating swing motion; a linkage cleaning assembly, connected to the baffle plate assembly, for synchronously reciprocating swing with the baffle plate assembly, striking the bucket body and clearing the screen holes; and a reciprocating drive mechanism, which is drively connected to both the material conveying assembly and the linkage cleaning assembly, for synchronously providing the transport driving force for the material conveying assembly and the driving force for the synchronous reciprocating swing of the baffle plate assembly and the linkage cleaning assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sediment separation and resource utilization technology, and in particular to a cascade sediment separation and resource utilization device. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of construction, water conservancy, and mining, sediment separation is a core step in achieving solid waste resource recycling and reducing engineering costs and consumption. Currently, there are many sediment separation devices on the market with multi-stage screening functions, such as three-stage and four-stage screen separation devices, which can achieve preliminary classification of coarse, medium, and fine aggregates. However, such devices only focus on the single function of multi-stage screening and do not solve many common pain points in the multi-stage screening process across industries. There is still considerable room for improvement in screening effect, resource utilization rate, and equipment operation stability.

[0003] For example, Chinese utility model patent CN217069679U discloses a recycled concrete aggregate crushing, screening and washing device. It adopts a nested double screen tube structure to achieve two-stage screening. However, the screen tube is designed with a smooth inclination. After the material enters, it slides down the screen surface quickly. The material residence time of each screening stage is seriously insufficient. Fine sand does not have enough time to pass through the screen holes and enters the next stage with the aggregate. The amount of fine sand entrained in the final discharged aggregate far exceeds the engineering standard. At the same time, the equipment does not have a mud and sand agglomeration dispersing structure. High moisture content mud and sand are prone to agglomeration, which carries fine particles directly and is discharged directly, further reducing the classification accuracy.

[0004] For example, Chinese utility model patent CN213435665U discloses a multi-stage screening device for construction sand and gravel. It uses a three-layer stacked fixed screen with a vibrating motor to drive the screening. However, under the action of vibration, fine sand is prone to gather with coarse aggregate towards the edge of the screen, resulting in small aggregate impurities mixed in the final discharged fine sand, and the grading purity cannot meet the requirements of engineering applications. At the same time, the screen hole cleaning of this equipment adopts an independent vibration structure, which is not linked with the screening process, resulting in low cleaning efficiency and inability to specifically solve the problem of clogging of screen hoppers at different levels. Furthermore, scraper-type cleaning structures are prone to scratching the screen and disturbing the movement trajectory of materials, causing the separated materials to mix again and destroying the grading effect.

[0005] In summary, the existing mud and sand separation equipment generally has the following core defects: (1) The material slides down the screen surface at a fast speed and has a short residence time in each screening unit, resulting in insufficient screening of fine sand; (2) There is no synchronous dispersing structure, and the mud and sand with high moisture content are prone to agglomeration, which not only carries away fine sand but also easily blocks the screen holes, resulting in a rapid decline in screening efficiency; (3) Screen hole cleaning is disconnected from the screening process, and the cleaning action is prone to secondary mixing of materials, resulting in poor cleaning effect and high maintenance cost; (4) Screening, material conveying, and screen hole cleaning require multiple independent drive mechanisms, resulting in complex equipment structure, high energy consumption, and low integration; (5) The purity of aggregate grading is insufficient, the fine sand recovery rate is low, and the resource utilization effect is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: to address the problems of existing mud and sand sorting equipment, such as fast material sliding speed, short screening residence time, easy blockage of screen holes by mud and sand agglomeration, disconnect between screen hole cleaning and screening process, low graded purity, complex equipment structure and high energy consumption, and to provide a cascade mud and sand sorting resource utilization device.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a cascade sediment sorting and resource utilization device, comprising: Support frame, used to provide a foundation for installation support; Multiple screen buckets are inclined in a stepped manner on the support frame along the height direction. Each screen bucket has several screen holes. The diameter of the screen holes decreases from top to bottom along the arrangement height of the screen buckets. This is used to sort mud and sand materials by particle size step by step. The material conveying assembly is rotatably located inside the inclined bottom discharge side of each screen hopper, and is used to convey the material inside the screen hopper that has not passed through the screen holes to the outside of the screen hopper. The material blocking flap assembly is rotatably connected to the bottom of the screen bucket. It is used to intermittently block the material in the screen bucket with the reciprocating swing motion to prolong the residence time of the material in the screen bucket and to tumble and break up the material clumps. The linkage cleaning component is connected to the baffle plate component and is used to swing back and forth synchronously with the baffle plate component to strike the hopper body and clear the sieve holes. The reciprocating drive mechanism is located on the screen hopper and is connected to the material conveying component and the linkage cleaning component for transmission. It is used to synchronously provide the material conveying component with the transport driving force, and to provide the material blocking flap component and the linkage cleaning component with the synchronous reciprocating oscillation driving force.

[0008] Through the aforementioned technical means, this solution establishes a basic framework for the graded particle size separation of silt and sand materials using tiered, inclined screen buckets with decreasing apertures from top to bottom, achieving preliminary grading of materials of different particle sizes. The reciprocating oscillating baffle assembly intermittently blocks rapidly sliding materials within the screen bucket, solving the problems of rapid material slippage and short screening residence time in existing equipment. Simultaneously, the tumbling action of the baffle assembly breaks up clumps formed by high-moisture-content silt to some extent, preventing these clumps from carrying fine particles with the aggregate. The linkage cleaning component connected to the baffle assembly achieves complete synchronization between the cleaning action and the screening process. During screening, the screen bucket vibration and mechanical unclogging of the screen holes are performed simultaneously, solving the problem of existing technologies where cleaning and screening are disconnected, easily causing secondary mixing of materials, and significantly reducing the screen clogging rate. By using a reciprocating drive mechanism, the system simultaneously provides driving force for material conveying, material blocking and dispersing, and screen hole cleaning. This solves the problems of complex structure, high energy consumption, and low integration caused by multiple independent drives in existing equipment. Ultimately, it achieves high-precision grading and sorting of mud and sand materials, significantly improves aggregate purity and fine sand recovery rate, and enhances the resource utilization efficiency of mud and sand resources.

[0009] In some embodiments, the bottom of the screen hopper is provided with a plurality of strip-shaped mounting openings perpendicular to its own inclined direction. The baffle plate assembly includes a plurality of baffles, which are rotatably connected to the strip-shaped mounting openings one by one. The baffles are connected to the reciprocating drive mechanism via the linkage cleaning assembly. The top of the baffle is a flat structure, and the side of the baffle facing the material conveying assembly is an arc-shaped structure, so that the baffle maintains a clearance fit with the strip-shaped mounting opening when rotating, and the top surface of the baffle can rotate to a position flush with the bottom of the inner wall of the screen hopper.

[0010] In some embodiments, the linkage cleaning assembly includes a striking plate connected to the bottom of a corresponding baffle. The side of the striking plate away from the baffle is connected to the reciprocating drive mechanism. The striking plate is disposed opposite to the bottom of the sieve bucket. A plurality of top heads are fixedly connected to the side of the striking plate facing the sieve bucket. The top heads are used to continuously strike the bottom of the sieve bucket as the striking plate reciprocates. A plurality of top rods are fixedly connected to the striking plate. Each top rod corresponds to a sieve hole penetrating the sieve bucket. The reciprocating drive mechanism can drive the striking plate to rotate the baffle back and forth, so that the top rods can clear the sieve holes as they reciprocate. A plurality of hollow structures are provided on the striking plate between the top heads, so that the material passing through the sieve holes in the sieve bucket can be conveyed downward through the hollow structures.

[0011] In some embodiments, the reciprocating drive mechanism includes a drive component, a guide component, an elastic reset component, and an intermittent push component. The first drive end of the drive component is drivenly connected to the material conveying component, and the second drive end of the drive component is drivenly connected to the intermittent push component. The guide component is disposed at both ends of the striking plate and is slidably connected to the screen bucket. The guide component is used to guide the reciprocating swing of the striking plate and the baffle. The elastic reset component is disposed on the guide component and is used to provide a reset elastic force to the guide component and the striking plate. The intermittent push component is disposed inside the screen bucket and is used to intermittently push the guide component. It also cooperates with the elastic reset component to realize the synchronous reciprocating swing of the striking plate and the baffle. The drive component is used to provide driving force to the material conveying component and the intermittent push component.

[0012] In some embodiments, the guiding assembly includes an arc-shaped guide rod and a sliding sleeve, and the elastic reset assembly includes a reset spring. The sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sieve hopper, the bottom end of the arc-shaped guide rod is fixedly connected to the striking plate, and the top end of the arc-shaped guide rod extends through the sliding sleeve and the bottom of the sieve hopper into the interior of the sieve hopper. The arc-shaped guide rod and the sliding sleeve are slidably engaged. The reset spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the arc-shaped guide rod, and a limiting end is fixedly connected to the top end of the arc-shaped guide rod. The two ends of the reset spring are fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve and the limiting end, respectively. The intermittent pushing assembly can repeatedly push the arc-shaped guide rod downward through the limiting end to rotate, and the reset spring is used to push the arc-shaped guide rod to drive the striking plate upward to reset.

[0013] In some embodiments, the intermittent pushing assembly includes two parallel partitions fixed inside the sieve hopper, a pair of parallel rotating shafts, a first sprocket, and a first chain. Two parallel rotating shafts are rotatably connected between the two partitions. Each rotating shaft is connected to the second driving end of the driving assembly. Two first sprockets located on opposite sides of the two partitions are respectively provided at both ends of each rotating shaft. The two first sprockets at the same end of the same rotating shaft are arranged axially at intervals. A first chain is sleeved on the corresponding first sprockets at the same end of the pair of rotating shafts, so that two parallel first chains are formed at the end of each rotating shaft. A plurality of push blocks are fixedly provided between the two parallel first chains at the same end. The push blocks are equidistantly distributed along the movement trajectory of the first chains. The push blocks are provided with guide slopes adapted to the limiting end, so that when the first chain drives the push blocks to move, the limiting end and the arc-shaped guide rod are intermittently pushed downward by the guide slopes.

[0014] In some embodiments, the discharge end of the screen bucket is a semi-circular trough structure, the material conveying assembly includes an auger, the auger is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the semi-circular trough of the screen bucket, the end of the auger is connected to the first drive end of the drive assembly, the screen bucket is provided with a material output port corresponding to the end of the auger, and the bottom of the screen bucket and the circumferential surface of the semi-circular trough are provided with screen holes, so that during the material conveying process by the auger, fine particles entrained in the material can be screened twice through the screen holes on the circumferential surface.

[0015] In some embodiments, the drive assembly includes a power motor, a second sprocket, a third sprocket, and a second chain. A fixed shaft is rotatably connected to the screen bucket, and the end of the fixed shaft is connected to the output shaft of the power motor. A second sprocket is sleeved on the output shaft of the power motor. The second sprocket is connected to two third sprockets via a second chain. The two third sprockets are respectively connected to the end of the auger and the rotating shaft for synchronously driving the auger to rotate and intermittently driving the assembly to run.

[0016] In some embodiments, the support frame is provided with a plurality of guide hoppers located below the screen hopper. The guide hoppers correspond one-to-one with the screen hoppers, and the discharge end of the guide hopper corresponds to the feed end of the adjacent screen hopper below. The guide hoppers are used to guide and transport the material passing through the screen holes of the upper-level screen hopper to the lower-level screen hopper.

[0017] In some embodiments, the support frame is provided with at least one non-powered secondary screening mechanism. The feed end of the non-powered secondary screening mechanism corresponds to the material output port of the top screen hopper and is used to perform secondary screening on the remaining aggregate after sorting. The non-powered secondary screening mechanism includes an inclined guide chute, with a plurality of baffle blocks connected along its length. The bottom of the guide chute has a plurality of screening ports, and a filter screen is fixedly connected in each screening port. The filter screen is located between two adjacent baffle blocks. A collection pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide chute, and the discharge end of the collection pipe corresponds to the discharge end of the bottom guide hopper and is used to collect the fine sand from the secondary screening.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This solution utilizes the reciprocating rotation of the baffle plate assembly to intermittently block rapidly sliding materials within the screen hopper, effectively extending the residence time of materials in each stage of the screen hopper. This ensures that fine sand has sufficient time to pass through the screen openings and complete the sorting process. Simultaneously, the rotation of the baffle plates tumbles the material, breaking up clumps formed by high-moisture-content silt and preventing clumps from carrying fine particles directly out with the aggregate. Combined with the stepped screen hoppers whose aperture decreases from top to bottom along the height, silt and sand can be accurately sorted into four categories: large aggregate, medium aggregate, small aggregate, and fine sand. The amount of fine sand entrained in each stage of aggregate is controlled within the purity standard range for engineering aggregates, significantly improving the fine sand recovery rate and effectively addressing the shortcomings of insufficient grading accuracy in existing equipment.

[0019] 2. This solution achieves complete synchronization between the hole-cleaning component and the baffle plate component through rigid connection, eliminating the need for an additional independent drive mechanism. The top head continuously strikes the bottom of the screen hopper with its reciprocating swing, generating targeted vibrations to shake off the mud and sand particles adhering to the screen holes. Simultaneously, the top rod reciprocates through the screen holes, forcibly clearing any blockages. This dual-cleaning effect reduces the screen blockage rate, and the cleaning action does not disrupt the normal screening trajectory of the material, avoiding the secondary mixing of separated materials caused by traditional scraper cleaning, thus ensuring long-term stable screening efficiency.

[0020] 3. This solution uses a single power system of reciprocating drive mechanism to synchronously drive the conveying action of the material conveying component, the material blocking and dispersing action of the baffle plate component, and the hole cleaning action of the linkage hole cleaning component. There is no need to set up independent drive mechanisms for each core action, which greatly simplifies the overall structure of the equipment. Compared with multi-stage screening equipment of the same specifications, it effectively reduces energy consumption, and at the same time reduces the manufacturing cost, operating energy consumption and later maintenance cost of the equipment, making it more suitable for engineering projects.

[0021] 4. This solution utilizes the gap fit between the auger and the semi-circular trough of the screen bucket to perform secondary screening of fine sand entrained in the aggregate during the aggregate conveying process, further recovering the fine sand. Simultaneously, a non-powered secondary screening mechanism performs secondary tumbling screening on the large-diameter aggregate output from the top screen bucket, removing fine sand adhering to the aggregate surface. This can improve the overall fine sand recovery rate to a certain extent, maximizing the resource utilization of sediment. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of this application.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a front view structural diagram of this application.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a side view of the support frame structure in this application.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the screen bucket and reciprocating drive mechanism in this application.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sieve hopper in this application.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sieve bucket from another perspective in this application.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the baffle flap assembly and the linkage hole clearing assembly in this application.

[0029] Figure 8This is a side view sectional structural diagram of the screen bucket in this application.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional schematic diagram of the unpowered secondary screening mechanism in this application.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Support frame; 2. Screen hopper; 3. Non-powered secondary screening mechanism; 4. Guide hopper; 5. Baffle bar; 6. Striking plate; 7. Reciprocating drive mechanism; 8. Screwdriver; 9. Intermittent push assembly; 10. Drive assembly; 101. Fixed shaft; 102. Second sprocket; 103. Power motor; 104. Second chain; 105. Third sprocket; 201. Screen hole; 301. Guide trough; 302. Baffle block; 303. Filter screen; 304. Collection pipe; 601. Top rod; 602. Top head; 603. Hollow structure; 701. Arc-shaped guide rod; 702. Sliding sleeve; 703. Return spring; 704. Limiting end; 901. Partition plate; 902. Rotating shaft; 903. First sprocket; 904. First chain; 905. Push block.

[0032] This specification includes references to "one embodiment" or "implementation". The use of the phrase "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Specific features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner consistent with this disclosure.

[0033] The term "comprising" is open-ended. As used in the appended claims, it does not exclude additional structures or steps.

[0034] "First," "second," etc. As used in this article, these terms serve as labels for the nouns preceding them and do not imply any type of ordering (e.g., spatial, temporal, logical, etc.).

[0035] The term "based on," as used herein, describes one or more factors that influence the determination. This term does not exclude additional factors influencing the determination. That is, the determination may be based solely on these factors or at least partially on them. Consider the phrase "A is determined based on B." In this case, B is the factor influencing the determination of A, and such phrases do not exclude the possibility that the determination of A may also be based on C. In other instances, A may be determined solely on B. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0037] Combination Figures 1 to 9As shown, this embodiment is a stepped sediment sorting and resource utilization device, including a support frame 1, multiple screen buckets 2, a material conveying assembly, a baffle plate assembly, a linkage cleaning assembly, and a reciprocating drive mechanism 7. The support frame 1 serves as the installation support foundation for the entire device, providing a stable mounting carrier for the other components. Multiple screen buckets 2 are arranged at a stepped incline along the height direction on the support frame 1. Each screen bucket 2 has several screen holes 201, with the hole diameter decreasing from top to bottom along the arrangement height of the screen buckets, used for step-by-step particle size separation of sediment materials. The material conveying assembly is rotatably located inside the inclined bottom discharge side of each screen bucket 2, used to convey materials that have not passed through the screen holes 201 to the outside of the screen bucket 2. The baffle plate assembly is rotatably connected to the bottom of the screen bucket 2, used to intermittently block the material inside the screen bucket 2 with its reciprocating swing motion, thereby prolonging the residence time of the material in the screen bucket 2 and tumbling and breaking up material clumps. The linkage cleaning assembly is connected to the baffle plate assembly and is used to swing back and forth synchronously with the baffle plate assembly to strike the hopper body of the screen hopper 2 and clear the screen holes 201. The reciprocating drive mechanism 7 is located on the screen hopper 2 and is connected to both the material conveying assembly and the linkage cleaning assembly. It is used to synchronously provide the transport driving force for the material conveying assembly and the driving force for the baffle plate assembly and the linkage cleaning assembly to swing back and forth synchronously.

[0038] Specifically, this embodiment features a three-layer screen hopper 2, enabling multi-stage screening to separate mud and sand into four categories: large aggregates, medium aggregates, small aggregates, and fine sand. The next-level screen hopper 2 receives material from the previous-level screen hopper 2 and sorts it step by step, with only fine sand passing through the bottommost screen hopper 2.

[0039] In some implementation schemes, such as Figure 4 , 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the discharge end of the downward-sloping side of the screen bucket 2 is a semi-circular trough structure. The material conveying assembly includes an auger 8, which is fitted with the inner wall of the semi-circular trough of the screen bucket 2 with a clearance. The end of the auger 8 is connected to the first drive end of the drive assembly 10. The screen bucket 2 is provided with a material output port corresponding to the end of the auger 8. Screen holes 201 are provided on the bottom of the screen bucket 2 and the circumferential surface of the semi-circular trough, so that during the material conveying process by the auger 8, the fine particles entrained in the material can be screened twice through the screen holes 201 on the circumferential surface.

[0040] Specifically, the inclined screen hopper 2 allows material to slide downwards and contact the auger 8. Most of the material has already fallen through the screen holes 201 before contacting the auger 8. The material that can contact the auger 8 is mostly the target aggregate for screening. As this part of the aggregate is transferred out of the screen hopper 2 by the auger 8, some aggregate smaller than the screen holes 201 can be removed again by the screen holes 201 on the circumferential surface of the screen hopper 2. Therefore, the auger 8 not only transfers the aggregate but also works with the corresponding screen holes 201 to complete the secondary screening of the aggregate, improving the screening effect. The auger 8 can transfer aggregates of different coarsenesses that have not been screened to their corresponding positions, preventing confusion. The circumferential screen holes 201 of the semi-circular trough have the same diameter as the bottom screen holes 201, ensuring that the accuracy of the secondary screening matches the accuracy of the primary screening.

[0041] By using the gap fit between the auger 8 and the semi-circular trough, the material that does not pass through the screen hole 201 is pushed to the outside of the screen hopper 2. At the same time, during the conveying process, the fine particles entrained in the aggregate are screened again through the screen hole 201 on the circumferential surface, further removing the fine sand entrained in the aggregate and improving the purity of the aggregate and the recovery rate of fine sand.

[0042] In some implementation schemes, such as Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the bottom of the screen hopper 2 has several strip-shaped mounting openings perpendicular to its own inclined direction. The strip-shaped mounting openings are parallel to the axial direction of the auger 8. The baffle plate assembly includes several baffles 5, which are rotatably connected to the strip-shaped mounting openings one by one. The baffles 5 are connected to the reciprocating drive mechanism 7 via the linkage cleaning assembly. The top of the baffles 5 is a flat structure, and the side of the baffles 5 facing the material conveying assembly is an arc structure, so that the baffles 5 maintains a clearance fit with the strip-shaped mounting openings when rotating, and the top surface of the baffles 5 can rotate to a position flush with the bottom of the inner wall of the screen hopper 2.

[0043] Specifically, the strip-shaped installation openings are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the screen hopper 2, and the rotation axis of the baffle 5 is parallel to the axis of the auger 8, ensuring that the baffle 5 can fully cover the material flow area inside the screen hopper 2 when it flips, without any blind spots.

[0044] The planar structure of the baffle 5 provides stable obstruction of the material, while the arc-shaped structure ensures a tight seal with the strip-shaped mounting opening during rotation, preventing material leakage. The baffle 5 can rotate to a position flush with the inner wall of the screen hopper 2, ensuring smooth material flow when not obstructing it. By driving the top of the baffle 5 to flip upwards from a horizontal position at the bottom of the inner wall of the screen hopper 2, the baffle 5 can block the rolling speed of the material. During the upward flip, it can change the trajectory of the material rolling downwards, thereby agitating and breaking up agglomerated mud and sand lumps, improving the screening effect. Therefore, the baffle plate assembly intermittently obstructs the material through reciprocating rotation, slowing down the downward rolling speed of the material, increasing the chance of the material passing through the screen holes 201, and agitating and breaking up agglomerated materials in the screen hopper 2, effectively extending the material's screening residence time.

[0045] In some implementation schemes, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the linkage cleaning assembly includes a striking plate 6, which is connected to the bottom of the corresponding baffle 5. The side of the striking plate 6 away from the baffle 5 is connected to the reciprocating drive mechanism 7. The striking plate 6 is arranged opposite to the bottom of the sieve hopper 2. Several top heads 602 are fixedly connected to the side of the striking plate 6 facing the sieve hopper 2. The top heads 602 are used to continuously strike the bottom of the sieve hopper 2 with the reciprocating swing of the striking plate 6. Several top rods 601 are fixedly connected to the striking plate 6. The top rods 601 correspond one-to-one with the sieve holes 201 of the sieve hopper 2. The reciprocating drive mechanism 7 can drive the striking plate 6 to drive the baffle 5 to rotate back and forth, so that the top rods 601 can clear the sieve holes 201 with the reciprocating swing. Several rectangular hollow structures 603 are opened on the striking plate 6 between the top heads 602, so that the material passing through the sieve holes 201 in the sieve hopper 2 can be conveyed downward through the hollow structures 603.

[0046] Specifically, the striking plate 6 is a plate body adapted to the bottom of the screen hopper 2, and the bottom of all the baffles 5 are fixedly connected to the top surface of the striking plate 6 to ensure that all the baffles 5 rotate synchronously. The top head 602 and the top rod 601 are staggered on the top surface of the striking plate 6 away from the baffles 5, and the end of the top head 602 is an arc surface to avoid damaging the screen hopper 2 during the striking process. The size of the hollow structure 603 is larger than the maximum screen hole 201 diameter of the screen hopper 2 to ensure that the material passing through the screen hole 201 can be conveyed downward through the hollow structure 603 without obstruction.

[0047] The fixed connection between the striking plate 6 and the baffle 5 achieves complete synchronization between the hole-cleaning action and the material-blocking action, eliminating the need for an additional drive mechanism. The vibration generated by the striking head 602 shakes off the mud and sand particles adhering to the screen holes 201, while the reciprocating insertion of the top rod 601 forcibly clears the blocked screen holes 201. This dual hole-cleaning effect significantly reduces the clogging rate of the screen holes 201. The hollow structure 603 prevents the striking plate 6 from obstructing the material's fall, ensuring the continuity of the screening process.

[0048] In some implementations, the reciprocating drive mechanism 7 includes a drive assembly 10, a guide assembly, an elastic reset assembly, and an intermittent push assembly 9. The first drive end of the drive assembly 10 is connected to the material conveying assembly, and the second drive end of the drive assembly 10 is connected to the intermittent push assembly 9. The guide assembly is located at both ends of the striking plate 6 and is slidably connected to the screen hopper 2. The guide assembly is used to guide the reciprocating swing of the striking plate 6 and the baffle 5. The elastic reset assembly is located on the guide assembly and is used to provide a reset elastic force to the guide assembly and the striking plate 6. The intermittent push assembly 9 is located inside the screen hopper 2 and is used to intermittently push the guide assembly. It also cooperates with the elastic reset assembly to realize the synchronous reciprocating swing of the striking plate 6 and the baffle 5. The drive assembly 10 is used to provide driving force to the material conveying assembly and the intermittent push assembly 9.

[0049] Specifically, the guide components are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the length direction of the striking plate 6 to ensure that the striking plate 6 and the stop bar 5 are subjected to uniform force during the swinging process and to avoid one-sided jamming.

[0050] The guide assembly ensures the accuracy of the swing trajectory of the stop bar 5 and the striking plate 6, avoiding motion interference. The intermittent push assembly 9, in conjunction with the elastic reset assembly, enables continuous reciprocating swing of the stop bar 5 and the striking plate 6, resulting in stable and reliable operation. A single drive assembly 10 simultaneously drives both the conveying and swinging movements, simplifying the power system and ensuring the synchronization and timing consistency of each action.

[0051] In some implementation schemes, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the guide assembly includes an arc-shaped guide rod 701 and a sliding sleeve 702, and the elastic reset assembly includes a reset spring 703. The sliding sleeve 702 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sieve hopper 2. The arc-shaped guide rod 701 is symmetrically arranged at both ends of the striking plate 6. The bottom end of the arc-shaped guide rod 701 is fixedly connected to the striking plate 6, and the top end of the arc-shaped guide rod 701 extends through the sliding sleeve 702 and the bottom of the sieve hopper 2 into the interior of the sieve hopper 2. The arc-shaped guide rod 701 and the sliding sleeve 702 are in sliding cooperation. The reset spring 703 is sleeved on the outer wall of the arc-shaped guide rod 701. The top end of the arc-shaped guide rod 701 is fixedly connected to a limiting end 704. The two ends of the reset spring 703 are fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve 702 and the limiting end 704, respectively. The intermittent pushing assembly 9 can repeatedly push the arc-shaped guide rod 701 downward through the limiting end 704 to rotate downward. The reset spring 703 is used to push the arc-shaped guide rod 701 to drive the striking plate 6 to reset upward.

[0052] Specifically, the limiting end 704 has a hemispherical head structure, and the center of the arc-shaped guide rod 701 coincides with the rotation axis of the stop bar 5, ensuring that during the sliding process of the arc-shaped guide rod 701, it drives the striking plate 6 and the stop bar 5 to accurately rotate around the rotation axis. The sliding sleeve 702 is made of wear-resistant polymer material, reducing the wear of the arc-shaped guide rod 701 during the sliding process and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0053] The arc-shaped guide rod 701, coaxial with the rotation axis of the stop bar 5, ensures the accuracy of the swing trajectory and completely avoids motion jamming and interference. The cooperation between the return spring 703 and the limit end 704 enables the stop bar 5 and the striking plate 6 to be quickly reset. Combined with the intermittent push component 9, continuous reciprocating swing is achieved, with fast action response and stable operation.

[0054] In some embodiments, the intermittent driving assembly 9 includes two parallel partitions 901 fixed inside the sieve hopper 2, a pair of parallel rotating shafts 902, a first sprocket 903, and a first chain 904. Two parallel rotating shafts 902 are rotatably connected between the two partitions 901. Each rotating shaft 902 is connected to the second driving end of the driving assembly 10. Each rotating shaft 902 has two first sprockets 903 located on opposite sides of the two partitions 901 at both ends. The two first sprockets 903 at the same end of the same rotating shaft 902 are spaced apart axially. The pair of rotating shafts 902... 02. Each first sprocket 903 at the same end is fitted with a first chain 904, so that each shaft 902 end forms two parallel first chains 904. Several push blocks 905 are fixedly arranged between the two parallel first chains 904 at the same end. The push blocks 905 are equidistantly distributed along the movement trajectory of the first chains 904. The push blocks 905 are provided with guide slopes that are adapted to the limiting end 704, so that when the first chain 904 drives the push blocks 905 to move, the limiting end 704 and the arc-shaped guide rod 701 are intermittently pushed downward by the guide slopes.

[0055] Specifically, the two rotating shafts 902 are the driving shaft and the driven shaft, respectively. The driving shaft is connected to the drive assembly 10. The two rotating shafts 902 are arranged horizontally and parallel to each other, and perpendicular to the tilt direction of the screen hopper 2. The push blocks 905 are triangular prisms. The spacing of the push blocks 905 can be adjusted according to the required oscillation frequency. The tilt angle of the guide slope is adapted to the hemispherical structure of the limiting end 704 to ensure a smooth pushing process without rigid impact.

[0056] Two rotating shafts 902, in conjunction with the first chain 904, drive the push block 905 to move along a circular trajectory. The inclined surface of the push block 905 pushes the arc-shaped guide rod 701, causing the arc-shaped guide rod 701 to cause the striking plate 6 and the stop bar 5 to flip downwards. After the push block 905 passes the arc-shaped guide rod 701, the return spring 703 can reset the arc-shaped guide rod 701 until the next push block 905 continues to push the arc-shaped guide rod 701, thereby realizing the reciprocating swing of the striking plate 6. Therefore, in the intermittent push assembly 9, the chain drive drives the push block 905 to intermittently push the limit end 704, realizing the intermittent downward movement of the arc-shaped guide rod 701. With the help of the return spring 703, continuous reciprocating swing is achieved, and the swing frequency is stable and adjustable.

[0057] In some implementation schemes, such as Figure 4 As shown, the drive assembly 10 includes a power motor 103, a second sprocket 102, a third sprocket 105, and a second chain 104. A fixed shaft 101 is rotatably connected to the screen hopper 2. The end of the fixed shaft 101 is connected to the output shaft of the power motor 103. The second sprocket 102 is sleeved on the output shaft of the power motor 103. The second sprocket 102 is connected to two third sprockets 105 via the second chain 104. The two third sprockets 105 are respectively connected to the end of the auger 8 and the rotating shaft 902, for synchronously driving the auger 8 to rotate and intermittently driving the assembly 9 to run.

[0058] Specifically, the power motor 103 is a geared motor, fixedly installed on the outer wall of the screen hopper 2 to avoid damage caused by contact with materials. The second sprocket 102 and the two third sprockets 105 are arranged in a triangle, and the second chain 104 is a double-row chain to ensure the stability of the transmission and the reliability of torque transmission.

[0059] The partition 901 isolates the first sprocket 903, the first chain 904 from the material in the screen hopper 2, preventing mud and sand from entering the transmission structure and causing jamming, thus improving the reliability of equipment operation. A single power motor 103, in conjunction with sprocket and chain transmission, synchronously drives the conveying action of the auger 8 and the oscillating action of the intermittently pushing component 9. This allows a single power system to complete multiple core actions, significantly simplifying the equipment structure, reducing energy consumption and manufacturing costs, while ensuring complete timing matching between the conveying and oscillating actions, preventing any disconnection.

[0060] In some implementation schemes, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the support frame 1 is provided with multiple guide hoppers 4 located below the screen hopper 2. The guide hoppers 4 correspond one-to-one with the screen hopper 2. The discharge end of the guide hopper 4 corresponds to the feed end of the adjacent screen hopper 2 below. The guide hopper 4 is used to guide and transport the material passing through the screen hole 201 of the upper-level screen hopper 2 to the lower-level screen hopper 2.

[0061] Specifically, the feed hopper 4 is a conical hopper that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The feed inlet of the feed hopper 4 completely covers the distribution area of ​​the screen holes 201 of the corresponding screen hopper 2, ensuring that all materials passing through the screen holes 201 can enter the feed hopper 4.

[0062] The guide hopper 4 enables semi-enclosed material conveying between the upper-level screen hopper 2 and the lower-level screen hopper 2, which reduces spillage and dust pollution during material conveying to a certain extent, while ensuring that the material accurately enters the screening area of ​​the lower-level screen hopper 2, thus ensuring the continuity and stability of the step-by-step screening.

[0063] In some implementation schemes, such as Figure 9 As shown, at least one non-powered secondary screening mechanism 3 is provided on the support frame 1. The feed end of the non-powered secondary screening mechanism 3 corresponds to the material output port of the top screen hopper 2, and is used to perform secondary screening on the remaining aggregate after sorting. The non-powered secondary screening mechanism 3 includes an inclined guide trough 301. Several baffle blocks 302 are connected along the length of the guide trough 301. Several screening ports are opened at the bottom of the guide trough 301. A filter screen 303 is fixedly connected in each screening port. The filter screen 303 is located between two adjacent baffle blocks 302. A collection pipe 304 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide trough 301. The discharge end of the collection pipe 304 is corresponding to the discharge end of the bottom guide hopper 4, and is used to collect the fine sand from the secondary screening.

[0064] Specifically, the baffle blocks 302 are arranged at equal intervals along the length of the guide trough 301, and the height of the baffle blocks 302 is greater than the average particle size of the aggregate, ensuring that the aggregate can be blocked and fully tumbled during the rolling process. The aperture of the filter screen 303 is consistent with the aperture of the screen hole 201 of the bottom screen hopper 2, ensuring that the fine sand from the secondary screening meets the standards of the finished fine sand.

[0065] In this embodiment, the non-powered secondary screening mechanism 3 is designed for secondary screening of the largest aggregate. The lower end of the collection pipe 304 and the outlet of the guide hopper 4 located at the bottom point to the same position. Through the non-powered secondary screening mechanism 3, the aggregate itself is used to perform secondary screening of the first batch of screened aggregate, without the need for additional power and water resources, making it green and energy-saving. The sorted aggregate is conveyed to the guide trough 301 by the auger 8. The guide trough 301 and several baffle blocks 302 cooperate to form a stepped structure. The aggregate rolls down in the guide trough 301 and tumbles when passing the baffle blocks 302. At this time, the fine sand attached to the surface of the aggregate is removed, further improving the purity of the aggregate. At the same time, the fine sand from the secondary screening is collected in the collection pipe 304 through the filter screen 303, improving the overall recovery rate of fine sand. Since the first batch of aggregates only undergoes one screening at the top screen hopper 2, some fine sand is easily carried on the surface of the aggregates. This fine sand can be further screened by the non-powered secondary screening mechanism 3, and the screened fine sand can be concentrated.

[0066] In this embodiment, only the top screen hopper 2 is equipped with a non-powered secondary screening mechanism 3. This is a consideration for balancing cost and return, because only the aggregate from the first screening is likely to carry some fine sand, while the second-stage material has already removed some of the largest aggregate particles. Therefore, the amount of material held in the second-stage screen hopper 2 will be smaller than that in the top screen hopper. At this time, the material accumulation in the second-stage screen hopper 2 is significantly reduced compared to the previous stage, resulting in better screening effect. Moreover, having already undergone screening by the first-stage screen hopper 2, the fine sand and aggregate have been fully separated. Therefore, the fine sand carried on the surface of the aggregate screened by the second-stage screen hopper 2 is negligible. In addition, the top screen hopper 2 has a height advantage, which can fully utilize the function of the non-powered secondary screening mechanism 3. However, the number of non-powered secondary screening mechanisms 3 can be specifically set according to the actual situation. If necessary, non-powered secondary screening mechanisms 3 can be set at both the first and second-stage screen hoppers 2.

[0067] The implementation principle of the cascade sediment separation and resource utilization device in this embodiment is as follows: The core principle of this application's tiered sediment sorting and resource utilization device is to construct a progressive particle size sorting framework using inclined screen buckets 2 with progressively decreasing apertures. A single power system synchronously achieves the sequential linkage of three core actions: material conveying, material blocking and dispersing, and screen hole cleaning. This fundamentally solves the industry pain points of existing equipment, such as rapid material slippage, short screening residence time, easy screen clogging, low classification purity, and high energy consumption from multiple drives. Ultimately, it achieves high-precision classification and sorting of sediment materials and resource utilization across all particle sizes. The complete implementation process is as follows: (1) Achieve step-by-step sorting in a tiered manner The mud and sand material to be sorted first enters the top screen hopper 2 and slides down naturally along the inclined screen hopper 2 under the action of gravity. In this embodiment, four-level sorting is achieved through three-layer stepped screen hoppers 2. The aperture of the screen holes 201 decreases from top to bottom along the height. Each screen hopper 2 only allows materials smaller than the aperture of the current level to pass through the screen holes 201 and is accurately guided to the next level screen hopper 2 for further sorting via the guide hopper 4 below. The corresponding aggregates that do not pass through the screen holes 201 are transported to the discharge end of the screen hopper 2. Finally, through the step-by-step sorting of the three layers of screen hoppers 2, the mud and sand material is accurately sorted into four categories of materials that can be directly utilized as resources: large aggregates, medium aggregates, small aggregates, and fine sand. The bottom screen hopper 2 only outputs finished fine sand, thus establishing a complete grading and sorting foundation.

[0068] (2) To achieve material dispersion and extend the screening residence time. As the material slides down within the hopper 2, the reciprocating drive mechanism 7 synchronously drives the baffle plate assembly to perform continuous reciprocating flipping motions. The baffle bar 5, following the swing of the striking plate 6, flips upwards from a position flush with the bottom of the inner wall of the hopper 2. This upward flip creates a physical obstruction, forcibly slowing the material's rolling speed and significantly extending the material's residence time within the hopper 2. This ensures that fine sand has sufficient time to pass through the screen holes 201, preventing it from entering the next stage with the aggregate before it has had enough time to pass through the screen. Simultaneously, the reciprocating flipping of the baffle bar 5 continuously alters the material's rolling trajectory, forcibly tumbling and mixing the material, directly breaking up clumps formed by high-moisture-content mud and sand. This prevents clumps from carrying fine particles directly out with the aggregate, improving the accuracy of the grading and screening from the source. The top flat surface and side curved surface design of the baffle bar 5 maintain a stable clearance fit with the strip-shaped installation opening throughout the flipping process, preventing material leakage and ensuring smooth flipping without jamming.

[0069] (3) Anti-clogging measures to achieve full linkage between screening and hole cleaning The striking plate 6 of the linkage cleaning component is rigidly fixed to the baffle 5. It swings back and forth synchronously with the baffle 5, achieving complete synchronization between the cleaning action and the screening and material dispersing actions, without the need for additional independent drive. On the one hand, the top head 602 on the striking plate 6 continuously strikes the bottom of the screen hopper 2 with the reciprocating swing, generating targeted local vibrations to quickly shake off the fine mud and sand particles adhering to the inner wall of the screen holes 201, preventing them from sticking and clogging the holes. On the other hand, the top rod 601 on the striking plate 6 penetrates the screen holes 201 one by one, and performs a reciprocating insertion action with the swing, forcibly clearing the screen holes 201 that have been blocked by clumps and fine sand. Through the dual cleaning effect of vibration and mechanical screening, the clogging rate of the screen holes 201 is greatly reduced, ensuring long-term stable screening efficiency. At the same time, the rectangular hollow structure 603 on the striking plate 6 completely covers the distribution area of ​​the screen holes 201, without blocking the material falling channel or interfering with the normal screening process, completely avoiding the problem of secondary mixing of separated materials caused by traditional scraper cleaning.

[0070] (4) Realize single-power multi-action synchronous drive This device achieves synchronous drive of all core actions through a single power motor 103, eliminating the need for multiple independent power mechanisms. The power motor 103 forms synchronous transmission through the second sprocket 102, the second chain 104, and two third sprockets 105, simultaneously driving the rotation of the auger 8 and the rotation of the rotating shaft 902 of the intermittently pushing component 9. When the rotating shaft 902 rotates, it drives the two parallel first chains 904 to operate in a closed loop through the first sprocket 903. The push block 905 between the chains moves along the chain in a circular trajectory. The guide slope of the push block 905 intermittently pushes the hemispherical limiting end 704 at the top of the arc-shaped guide rod 701, causing the arc-shaped guide rod 701 to slide downward along the sliding sleeve 702, thereby pulling the striking plate 6 and the stop bar 5 to flip downward. When the push block 905 moves with the chain and disengages from the limiting end 704, the return spring 703 releases its elastic force to push the arc-shaped guide rod 701 upward to reset, causing the stop bar 5 to flip upward to block the material, until the next push block 905 pushes the limiting end 704 again, thus achieving continuous reciprocating oscillation of the stop bar 5 and the striking plate 6. The center of the arc-shaped guide rod 701 is completely coincident with the rotation axis of the stop bar 5, ensuring no motion interference during the oscillation process and precise, jam-free action; at the same time, the partition plate 901 completely isolates the transmission structure such as the first sprocket 903 and the first chain 904 from the material in the screen hopper 2, preventing mud and sand from entering the transmission components and causing jamming, thus improving the reliability of equipment operation. The design of a single power system not only greatly simplifies the equipment structure but also ensures that the timing of the three major actions—material conveying, material blocking and dispersing, and screen hole cleaning—is completely matched, with no problem of action disconnection, effectively reducing energy consumption compared to equipment of the same specifications.

[0071] (5) Implementation principle of secondary purification of aggregates This device further improves aggregate purity and fine sand recovery rate through a two-stage secondary screening design: Firstly, the conveying process of the auger 8 involves secondary screening. Aggregates that do not pass through the screen holes 201 of this stage slide into the semi-circular trough at the discharge end of the screen hopper 2. The auger 8 is fitted with the inner wall of the trough with a gap. During the process of conveying the aggregate to the material output port, fine sand and small particles smaller than the aperture of this stage that are carried in the aggregate can fall off again through the screen holes 201 on the circumference of the semi-circular trough, thereby achieving secondary purification during the aggregate conveying process and further reducing the amount of fine sand carried in the aggregate.

[0072] Secondly, there is a non-powered secondary screening. The large-diameter aggregate output from the top screen hopper 2 is conveyed by the auger 8 to the guide trough 301 of the non-powered secondary screening mechanism 3. Utilizing the height advantage of the top screen hopper 2 and the gravitational potential energy of the aggregate itself, the aggregate rolls down along the inclined guide trough 301. During the process, it is intermittently blocked and forced to roll by the equally spaced baffle blocks 302, so that the fine sand attached to the surface of the aggregate is completely removed. The removed fine sand is screened by the filter screen 303 and enters the collection pipe 304. Finally, it is combined with the finished fine sand output from the bottom screen hopper 2 and collected. The secondary purification of large aggregate is achieved with zero energy consumption and zero water consumption, while further improving the overall recovery rate of fine sand. The use of a non-powered screening mechanism only in the top screen hopper 2 is based on a cost-benefit balance design. The top aggregate undergoes only one screening, resulting in the highest surface fine sand adhesion, and the second screening yields the greatest benefit. The aggregates in other layers have been fully sorted, and the surface fine sand entrainment is negligible. Alternatively, this mechanism can be used in both the first two screen hoppers 2, depending on the actual working conditions.

[0073] Ultimately, through the integrated design of the entire process, this device achieves a closed loop for the entire process of mud and sand materials, from feeding, step-by-step sorting, material blocking and dispersing, synchronous hole cleaning, secondary purification to graded discharge, realizing the efficient, low-consumption, and high-precision resource utilization of mud and sand resources.

[0074] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cascade-type sediment sorting and resource utilization device, characterized in that, include: A support frame (1) is used to provide a foundation for installation support; multiple screen buckets (2) are inclined in a stepped manner along the height direction on the support frame (1), each screen bucket (2) is provided with several screen holes (201), the diameter of the screen holes (201) decreases from top to bottom along the arrangement height of the screen buckets (2), and is used to sort mud and sand materials by particle size step by step; a material conveying assembly is rotatably located inside the inclined bottom discharge side of each screen bucket (2), and is used to convey the material in the screen bucket (2) that has not passed through the screen holes (201) to the outside of the screen bucket (2); a baffle plate assembly is rotatably connected to the bottom of the screen bucket (2). The part is used to intermittently block the material in the screen bucket (2) with the reciprocating swing action to prolong the residence time of the material in the screen bucket (2) and roll and break up the material clumps; the linkage cleaning component is connected to the baffle plate component and is used to swing back and forth synchronously with the baffle plate component to knock the bucket body of the screen bucket (2) and clear the screen holes (201); the reciprocating drive mechanism (7) is set on the screen bucket (2) and is connected to the material conveying component and the linkage cleaning component for transmission. It is used to synchronously provide the transport driving force of the material conveying component and the driving force of the baffle plate component and the linkage cleaning component to swing back and forth synchronously.

2. The cascade sediment sorting and resource utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the screen bucket (2) is provided with several strip-shaped installation openings perpendicular to its own inclined direction. The baffle plate assembly includes several baffles (5). The baffles (5) are rotatably connected to the strip-shaped installation openings one by one. The baffles (5) are connected to the reciprocating drive mechanism (7) through the linkage cleaning assembly. The top of the baffles (5) is a flat structure, and the side of the baffles (5) facing the material conveying assembly is an arc structure, so that the baffles (5) maintain a clearance fit with the strip-shaped installation openings when rotating, and the top surface of the baffles (5) can rotate to a position flush with the bottom of the inner wall of the screen bucket (2).

3. The cascade sediment sorting and resource utilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The linkage cleaning assembly includes a striking plate (6), which is connected to the bottom of a corresponding baffle (5). The side of the striking plate (6) away from the baffle (5) is connected to the reciprocating drive mechanism (7). The striking plate (6) is positioned opposite to the bottom of the sieve hopper (2). Several top heads (602) are fixedly connected to the side of the striking plate (6) facing the sieve hopper (2). The top heads (602) are used to continuously strike the bottom of the sieve hopper (2) as the striking plate (6) reciprocates. The striking plate (6) is fixedly connected to... A number of push rods (601) are connected, and each push rod (601) corresponds to a screen hole (201) that passes through the screen bucket (2). The reciprocating drive mechanism (7) can drive the striking plate (6) to drive the baffle (5) to rotate back and forth, so that the push rod (601) can swing back and forth to clear the screen hole (201). The striking plate (6) has a number of hollow structures (603) located between the top head (602), so that the material passing through the screen hole (201) in the screen bucket (2) can be conveyed downward through the hollow structure (603).

4. The cascade sediment sorting and resource utilization device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reciprocating drive mechanism (7) includes a drive assembly (10), a guide assembly, an elastic reset assembly, and an intermittent push assembly (9). The first drive end of the drive assembly (10) is connected to the material conveying assembly, and the second drive end of the drive assembly (10) is connected to the intermittent push assembly (9). The guide assembly is located at both ends of the striking plate (6) and is slidably connected to the screen bucket (2). The guide assembly is used to guide the reciprocating swing of the striking plate (6) and the baffle (5). The elastic reset assembly is located on the guide assembly and is used to provide the guide assembly and the striking plate (6) with a reset elastic force. The intermittent push assembly (9) is located inside the screen bucket (2) and is used to intermittently push the guide assembly. It also works with the elastic reset assembly to achieve synchronous reciprocating swing of the striking plate (6) and the baffle (5). The drive assembly (10) is used to provide driving force to the material conveying assembly and the intermittent push assembly (9).

5. The cascade sediment sorting and resource utilization device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guiding assembly includes an arc-shaped guide rod (701) and a sliding sleeve (702). The elastic reset assembly includes a reset spring (703). The sliding sleeve (702) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sieve hopper (2). The bottom end of the arc-shaped guide rod (701) is fixedly connected to the striking plate (6). The top end of the arc-shaped guide rod (701) extends through the sliding sleeve (702) and the bottom of the sieve hopper (2) into the interior of the sieve hopper (2). The arc-shaped guide rod (701) and the sliding sleeve (702) are in sliding cooperation. The reset spring (703) 703) is sleeved on the outer wall of the arc-shaped guide rod (701). The top end of the arc-shaped guide rod (701) is fixedly connected to the limiting end (704). The two ends of the return spring (703) are fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve (702) and the limiting end (704) respectively. The intermittent pushing component (9) can repeatedly push the arc-shaped guide rod (701) to rotate downward through the limiting end (704). The return spring (703) is used to push the arc-shaped guide rod (701) to drive the striking plate (6) to return upward.

6. The cascade sediment sorting and resource utilization device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The intermittent driving assembly (9) includes two parallel partitions (901) fixed inside the sieve hopper (2), a pair of parallel rotating shafts (902), a first sprocket (903), and a first chain (904). The two partitions (901) are rotatably connected to the two parallel rotating shafts (902). Each rotating shaft (902) is connected to the second driving end of the driving assembly (10). Each rotating shaft (902) has two first sprockets (903) located on opposite sides of the two partitions (901) at both ends. The two first sprockets (903) at the same end of the same rotating shaft (902) are arranged axially at intervals. Each first sprocket (903) at the same end is fitted with a first chain (904), so that each shaft (902) end forms two parallel first chains (904). Several push blocks (905) are fixedly arranged between the two parallel first chains (904) at the same end. The push blocks (905) are equidistantly distributed along the movement trajectory of the first chains (904). The push blocks (905) are provided with guide slopes that are adapted to the limiting end (704), so that when the first chain (904) drives the push blocks (905) to move, the limiting end (704) and the arc-shaped guide rod (701) are intermittently pushed downward by the guide slopes.

7. A cascade-type sediment sorting and resource utilization device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The discharge end of the screen bucket (2) is a semi-circular trough structure. The material conveying assembly includes an auger (8). The auger (8) is fitted with the inner wall of the semi-circular trough of the screen bucket (2) with a clearance. The end of the auger (8) is connected to the first drive end of the drive assembly (10). The screen bucket (2) is provided with a material output port corresponding to the end of the auger (8). The bottom of the screen bucket (2) and the circumferential surface of the semi-circular trough are provided with the screen holes (201), so that during the material conveying process of the auger (8), the fine particles entrained in the material can be screened twice through the screen holes (201) on the circumferential surface.

8. The cascade sediment sorting and resource utilization device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drive assembly (10) includes a power motor (103), a second sprocket (102), a third sprocket (105), and a second chain (104). A fixed shaft (101) is rotatably connected to the sieve bucket (2). The end of the fixed shaft (101) is connected to the output shaft of the power motor (103). The second sprocket (102) is sleeved on the output shaft of the power motor (103). The second sprocket (102) is connected to two third sprockets (105) via the second chain (104). The two third sprockets (105) are connected to the end of the auger (8) and the rotating shaft (902) respectively, for synchronously driving the auger (8) to rotate and intermittently driving the assembly (9) to run.

9. A cascade-type sediment sorting and resource utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (1) is provided with multiple guide hoppers (4) located below the screen hopper (2). The guide hoppers (4) correspond one-to-one with the screen hoppers (2). The discharge end of the guide hopper (4) corresponds to the feed end of the adjacent screen hopper (2) below. The guide hopper (4) is used to guide and transport the material from the upper screen hopper (2) through the screen hole (201) to the lower screen hopper (2).

10. A cascade sediment sorting and resource utilization device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The support frame (1) is provided with at least one non-powered secondary screening mechanism (3). The feed end of the non-powered secondary screening mechanism (3) corresponds to the material output port of the top screen hopper (2) and is used to perform secondary screening on the remaining aggregate after sorting. The non-powered secondary screening mechanism (3) includes an inclined guide trough (301). Several baffle blocks (302) are connected in the guide trough (301) along its length. Several screening ports are opened at the bottom of the guide trough (301). A filter screen (303) is fixedly connected in each screening port. The filter screen (303) is located between two adjacent baffle blocks (302). A collection pipe (304) is fixedly connected at the bottom of the guide trough (301). The discharge end of the collection pipe (304) is set to correspond to the discharge end of the bottom guide hopper (4) and is used to collect the fine sand from the secondary screening.

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