Integral steel construction hoisting method

Abstract

This invention discloses an integral steel structure hoisting construction method, relating to the field of rail transit engineering technology, for the construction of sound barriers on existing lines. The method includes: during non-maintenance window periods, pre-assembling multiple columns and transverse purlins into standard column units on the ground, and pre-assembling multiple curved beams, transverse purlins, and screens into standard curved beam units; T-shaped limiting plates are installed on the outer sides of both the columns and curved beams. During maintenance windows, the standard column units and curved beam units are hoisted and fixed sequentially; after positioning, the screens are vertically inserted into the T-shaped limiting plates between the columns, and then the screens at the bends are installed; finally, transverse purlins and screens are installed between adjacent frame units. This invention significantly reduces the number of hoisting operations during maintenance windows by pre-assembling the columns and curved beams into standard units; by arranging the installation of the screens after the columns and curved beams are in place, space is reserved for fine-tuning the column positions to ensure precise alignment; simultaneously, the limiting plates enable full-coverage installation of the screens, improving construction efficiency and noise reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail transit engineering technology, and in particular to a method for hoisting and constructing an integral steel structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of urban rail transit, the number of sound barrier installation or renovation projects on existing lines is increasing. Due to the "maintenance window" restrictions on construction of operating lines, the working window is short (usually only 2-3 hours per night) and safety requirements are high. The traditional method of installing each piece at height is inefficient and extremely risky.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies (such as Chinese Patent Application No. 202411034163.1) disclose a modular hoisting method for enclosed sound barriers on operational routes. This method only discloses dividing the upper system into multiple integral hoisting unit modules for modular hoisting. However, as shown in the accompanying drawings, since the columns are individually installed, they are still hoisted single by single column, which still affects efficiency. Furthermore, in existing solutions using I-shaped steel components as columns and curved beams, the sound barrier is typically inserted into the steel component. However, this insertion method makes it difficult to achieve comprehensive coverage of the sound barrier on the steel frame, resulting in poor noise reduction performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integral steel structure hoisting construction method to solve the problems existing in the prior art, improve efficiency, and enhance noise reduction.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: This invention provides a method for the construction of an integral steel structure hoisting system for existing power line sound barriers, comprising the following steps: During non-skylight window periods, at least two columns and transverse purlins are pre-assembled on the ground or under the bridge to form a standard column unit; simultaneously, at least two curved beams, transverse purlins, and screens are pre-assembled on the ground or under the bridge to form a standard curved beam unit. The columns have T-shaped limiting plates along their height direction for inserting the screens; the curved beams have T-shaped limiting plates along their length direction for inserting the screens; the T-shaped limiting plates are located between the two bends at both ends of the curved beam, and the screens are inserted into the T-shaped limiting plates on the outside of the curved beams. During the designated window period, the foundation should be pre-embedded on the bridge. During the designated window period, the standard column unit is hoisted to the pre-embedded foundation position and fixed. During the designated window period, the standard curved beam unit is hoisted to the top of the fixed column and then fixedly connected. After the standard column unit and the standard curved beam unit are installed in place, within the time window, the screen body is vertically inserted into the T-shaped limiting plate between the adjacent columns from above to complete the installation of the side screen body. Then, the screen body is installed on the bend of the curved beam. Between two adjacent frame units formed by connecting standard column units and standard curved beam units, after both are installed in place, during the skylight period, horizontal purlins and screens are installed between them to form an overall steel structure system.

[0006] Preferably, the standard column unit includes 2 or 3 columns, and the standard curved beam unit includes 2 or 3 curved beams. The transverse purlins, curved beams, and column plates are fixed together by bolts, double nuts, and cotter pins.

[0007] Preferably, the standard column unit and the standard curved beam unit are connected by bolts to avoid hot work operations.

[0008] Preferably, the transverse purlin is provided with an elongated hole at its end, and the transverse purlin is connected to the column through the elongated hole and bolts, so that the relative position between two adjacent columns can be finely adjusted when installing the curved beam standard unit.

[0009] Preferably, the screen body is pre-assembled on the ground assembly site during non-skylight hours before hoisting. Specifically, multiple metal screen bodies are assembled into screen body units using fixing clamps to facilitate subsequent overall insertion and installation.

[0010] Preferably, during construction in the contact wire area, a phased replacement method is adopted: first, the steel structure installation in the area more than 3m away from both sides of the contact wire is completed; after the contact wire cantilever device is transferred to the adjacent column and the original contact wire column is removed, the standard column unit, curved beam standard unit and screen body in the contact wire area are installed.

[0011] Preferably, when hoisting the standard column unit or the standard curved beam unit, a two-point binding method is adopted. The hoisting point position is determined by calculation, the included angle of the two wire ropes is not greater than 90°, and corner pads are set at the contact position between the wire rope and the component. Traction ropes are attached to both ends of the component, and the aerial posture of the component is controlled by ground personnel to ensure that the horizontal deviation of hoisting is ≤5mm.

[0012] Preferably, the pre-embedded foundation is provided with pre-embedded bolts; the standard column unit is hoisted to the pre-embedded foundation position, so that the bolt holes at the bottom of the column are fitted into the pre-embedded bolts to achieve precise positioning, and then the column is fixedly connected by nuts; this connection method allows the relative position between two adjacent columns to be finely adjusted when installing the standard curved beam unit.

[0013] Preferably, before hoisting the standard curved beam unit, a descent device and a pull rope are installed on its lifting lugs; after hoisting into place, personnel climb to the top of the curved beam using a boom lift, fasten their safety belts to the descent device, and then unfasten the lifting device; a lifeline is set along the longitudinal direction at the top of the curved beam for subsequent installation work.

[0014] Preferably, the column and the curved beam thereon form an arched frame. Any two adjacent arched frames are connected to each other by a connecting structure. The connecting structure is divided into three types: a strong connection structure, a longitudinal displacement adaptive connection mechanism, and a conventional connection structure. The connection strength of the strong connection structure is greater than that of the conventional connection structure. All the arched frames on the bridge section between two adjacent bridge expansion joints form a steel frame unit. Each steel frame unit includes two end sections and a middle section located between the two end sections in the length direction. Adjacent arched frames located in the same end section are fixedly connected by a strong connection structure, and adjacent arched frames located in the middle section are connected by a conventional connection structure. Between any two adjacent steel frame units, two adjacent arched frames are connected by a longitudinal displacement adaptive connection mechanism; the effective connection length of the longitudinal displacement adaptive connection mechanism can be automatically adjusted in response to the width change of the expansion joint, so as to allow relative longitudinal displacement between adjacent steel frame stabilizing units while maintaining the connection state.

[0015] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: First, the standard column unit combines multiple columns and horizontal purlins into one unit on the ground, and the standard curved beam unit combines multiple curved beams and horizontal purlins into one unit on the ground. This allows single components that originally required multiple hoisting operations to be combined into a single hoisting operation, significantly reducing the number of hoisting operations during the skylight period, improving construction efficiency, and at the same time transferring high-altitude operations to the ground, reducing operational risks.

[0016] More importantly, this solution schedules the installation of the screen after all the columns and curved beams are in place, leaving room for adjusting the column positions during the installation of the curved beams. Due to component processing errors and construction deviations, the connection holes between the columns and curved beams are often difficult to align perfectly, requiring fine-tuning of adjacent columns. At this point, the columns are in a state without screen interference, and operators can fine-tune the column spacing and verticality through structures such as the elongated holes at the ends of the transverse purlins and the bolt connections between the columns and the pre-embedded foundations, ensuring precise alignment between the curved beams and columns. If the screen is installed on the columns first and then the curved beams are hoisted, the screen will severely restrict the adjustment range of the columns, leading to alignment difficulties or even making installation impossible.

[0017] Furthermore, the T-shaped limiting plates installed on the columns and curved beams provide precise insertion guidance and a fixing structure for the screen. After all the columns and curved beams are in place and their positions adjusted, the side screens are vertically inserted into the T-shaped limiting plates between the columns from top to bottom, making the operation simple and smooth. The screens on the curved beams are pre-installed, and the screens at the bends are installed later to leave space for the side screens to be inserted. Finally, the bend screens are installed. This sequence allows the screens to fully cover the outside of the entire steel structure system—whether between the columns in straight sections or on the curved beams in curved sections, continuous coverage can be achieved through the T-shaped limiting plates, ensuring the noise reduction effect and the integrity of the sound barrier. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the standard column unit being hoisted onto the bridge; Figure 2 Installation flowchart for standard column units; Figure 3 Photos of the side screen installation site; Figure 4 A photograph of the side panel assembled on the ground. Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the hoisting of a standard curved beam unit onto the bridge. Figure 6 Photos of the hoisting operation of a standard curved beam unit; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the curved beam and the maintenance access platform in the middle of the curved beam. Figure 8 A structural diagram showing two curved beam standard units installed on multiple columns; Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing the structure for reserving space on both sides of the existing overhead contact line cantilever arm device; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure for transferring the overhead contact line cantilever arm device to the column; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation of the bend and anti-reverse bolts of the curved beam. Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of a wide-temperature-range adaptable sound barrier steel frame provided in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a top view showing the connection between the transverse purlins and the arched frame in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a front view of the connection between the transverse purlin and the arch frame in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the inter-column support and the arched frame connection in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal support and the arched frame connection in some embodiments of the present invention; In the diagram: 1-Arch frame; 2-Strong connection structure; 3-Conventional connection structure; 4-Longitudinal displacement adaptive connection mechanism; 5-Bridge expansion joint; 6-Bridge; 7-Steel frame unit; 8-End section; 9-Middle section; 10-Transverse purlin; 11-Oblong hole; 13-Connecting plate; 14-Inter-column support; 15-Horizontal support; 16-Standard column unit; 17-Standard curved beam unit; 18-Anti-reverse bolt; 19-Elbow; 20-T-shaped limiting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integral steel structure hoisting construction method to solve the problems existing in the prior art, improve efficiency, and enhance noise reduction.

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 16 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1 This invention provides a method for the construction of an integral steel structure hoisting system for existing power line sound barriers, comprising the following steps: During non-skylight hours, at least two columns and transverse purlins 10 are pre-assembled on the ground or under the bridge to form a standard column unit 16; simultaneously, at least two curved beams, transverse purlins 10, and screens are pre-assembled on the ground or under the bridge to form a standard curved beam unit 17. T-shaped limiting plates 20 for inserting screens are provided on the outer side of the columns along the height direction; T-shaped limiting plates 20 for inserting screens are provided on the outer side of the curved beams along the length direction; the T-shaped limiting plates 20 are located between the two bends 19 at both ends of the curved beam, and the screens are inserted into the T-shaped limiting plates 20 on the outer side of the curved beams. During the designated window period, the foundation should be pre-embedded on the bridge. During the designated window period, the standard column unit 16 was hoisted to the pre-embedded foundation position and fixed. During the skylight period, the curved beam standard unit 17 was hoisted to the top of the fixed column and fixedly connected. After the standard column unit 16 and the standard curved beam unit 17 are installed in place, during the time window, the screen body is vertically inserted into the T-shaped limiting plate 20 between the adjacent columns from above to complete the installation of the side screen body. Then, the screen body is installed on the bend 19 of the curved beam. Between two adjacent frame units formed by connecting the standard column unit 16 and the standard curved beam unit 17, after both are installed in place, during the skylight period, a transverse purlin 10 and a screen are installed between them to form an overall steel structure system.

[0025] This embodiment pre-assembles the columns and curved beams into standard units and uses T-shaped limiting plates 20 to install the screen body. The ingenious design of its process sequence brings the following beneficial effects: First, the standard column unit 16 combines multiple columns and horizontal purlins 10 into one unit on the ground, which combines the single column that originally required multiple hoistings into a single hoisting, greatly reducing the number of hoisting operations and the working time during the skylight period, and improving construction efficiency. The standard curved beam unit 17 is pre-assembled with the horizontal purlins 10 on the ground, which also realizes the overall hoisting of multiple curved beams, avoiding the tedious operation of assembling each piece at high altitude and reducing the risk of high-altitude operations.

[0026] More importantly, the sequence of procedures in this solution provides necessary adjustment space for subsequent installation: when installing the standard unit 17 of the curved beam, due to component processing errors and construction deviations, the connection holes between the standard unit 16 of the column and the standard unit 17 of the curved beam are often difficult to align perfectly, requiring fine-tuning of the relative positions of adjacent columns. This application arranges the installation of the screen body after all the columns and curved beams are in place, ensuring that the columns are in a state of no interference from the screen body when installing the standard unit 17 of the curved beam. Operators can easily make fine adjustments to the spacing and verticality of adjacent columns through the elongated holes 11 at the ends of the transverse purlins 10, the flexibility of the columns, and the bolt connections between the columns and the pre-embedded foundations at the bottom, ensuring precise alignment of the bolt holes between the curved beam and the columns. If the screen body is installed on the columns first and then the curved beam is hoisted, the screen body will severely limit the adjustment range of the columns, leading to alignment difficulties or even making installation impossible, which would significantly reduce the construction speed.

[0027] On the other hand, the reason for not adjusting the relative positions of the curved beams in the curved beam standard unit 17 to accommodate the columns is that, due to their curved structure, the curved beams cannot be pre-assembled into a whole on the ground like the screens on the columns before unified installation—the screens must be positioned piece by piece along the curvature of the curved beam. If the screens are not pre-installed on the curved beam standard unit 17, they will need to be installed piece by piece at high altitude on the bridge later, requiring each screen to be inserted individually, which is extremely inefficient and risky. This application, by pre-installing the screens in the curved beam standard unit 17 instead of installing them in the column standard unit 16, perfectly overcomes the above problems and maximizes efficiency.

[0028] In addition, the T-shaped limiting plates 20 installed on the columns and curved beams provide precise insertion guidance and fixing structure for the screen. After all the columns and curved beams are installed and their relative positions are adjusted, the side screen is vertically inserted into the T-shaped limiting plates 20 between the columns from top to bottom. At this time, the screen falls in a straight line, making the operation simple and smooth. Furthermore, some of the screen on the curved beam is pre-installed, while the screen at the bend 19 is installed later to leave space for insertion into the T-shaped limiting plates 20 on the columns. Finally, the screen is installed on the bend 19 (see...). Figure 11 The T-shaped limiting plate 20 is not installed on the bend 19. This is to provide openings for the T-shaped limiting plate 20 on the curved beam and the T-shaped limiting plate 20 on the column, so that the screen can be inserted from the opening. This allows the screen to fully cover the outside of the entire steel structure system. Whether it is between the columns in the straight section or on the curved beam in the arc section, the screen can be continuously covered by the T-shaped limiting plate 20 without leaving any gaps, thus ensuring the noise reduction effect and appearance integrity of the sound barrier.

[0029] In summary, the steps of this application are carefully considered: first, install the standard column unit 16, then install the standard curved beam unit 17 and make minor adjustments to the position of the column using the condition of no screen body restriction, and finally insert the side screen body. This sequence ensures the precise alignment of the structure, minimizes the amount of high-altitude work, and achieves full coverage installation of the screen body with the help of the T-shaped limiting plate 20, thus achieving the best balance between construction efficiency, installation accuracy and structural integrity.

[0030] In some embodiments, the standard column unit 16 includes 2 or 3 columns, the standard curved beam unit 17 includes 2 or 3 curved beams, and the transverse purlin 10 is fixed to the curved beams and the column plate by bolts with double nuts and cotter pins.

[0031] This embodiment, by limiting the specific number of standard units and the connection method, brings the following beneficial effects: First, pre-assembling 2-3 columns or curved beams into a unit ensures the overall rigidity and stability of the unit while avoiding difficulties in hoisting due to excessive size and weight, achieving the best balance between construction efficiency and hoisting feasibility; Second, the use of a "bolt + double nut + cotter pin" fixing method, compared to ordinary bolt connections, effectively prevents the nuts from loosening due to vibrations from passing trains, while the cotter pin further locks the nuts, forming a multiple anti-loosening mechanism to ensure that the connection will never loosen under long-term use and alternating loads, thereby significantly improving the safety and durability of the sound barrier structure; In addition, this connection method is entirely mechanical, avoiding on-site welding operations, which not only meets the safety requirements of prohibiting open flames during construction on existing lines but also speeds up the construction process.

[0032] Of course, the standard column unit 16 can also be set up with 4 columns according to the on-site hoisting capacity, but the tonnage of the hoisting equipment needs to be increased accordingly and the temporary support inside the unit needs to be strengthened; or one column can be set up according to the space on site. The connection method can also use high-strength bolts with anti-loosening washers or thread locking adhesive, which can also achieve the anti-loosening effect. However, the double nut + cotter pin solution has more advantages in terms of inspection and reliability, and can be installed without special tools.

[0033] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, in some examples, a maintenance access platform is integrated into the curved beam standard unit. The maintenance access platform is pre-installed on the curved beam standard unit; in other words, the maintenance access platform is part of the curved beam standard unit.

[0034] In some embodiments, the column standard unit 16 and the curved beam standard unit 17 are connected by bolts to avoid hot work operations.

[0035] This embodiment, by limiting the connection between the column and the curved beam to bolts, offers the following advantages compared to traditional welding methods: First, bolted connections provide the necessary degree of freedom for structural installation. In existing line construction, after the standard column unit 16 is hoisted into place, its actual position inevitably has some construction error; however, the curved beam standard unit 17 needs to be precisely aligned with the already fixed top of the column during hoisting. Bolted connections allow for a certain relative displacement margin between the column and the curved beam before final tightening of the bolts. Operators can utilize this freedom to fine-tune the position of the curved beam according to the actual site conditions, ensuring accurate alignment of the connection holes before tightening. This adjustability effectively absorbs component processing errors and foundation construction deviations, greatly improving the installation success rate. If welding is used, once the column is in place, its position is fixed. If hole position deviations occur during curved beam hoisting, it will be difficult to adjust, and may even prevent installation.

[0036] Secondly, bolted connections completely eliminate the need for open flame work. Existing railway construction areas are typically densely populated with overhead contact lines and other live equipment. Open flames, high-temperature slag, and electric arcs generated during welding can easily cause fires or electric shocks, posing extremely high safety risks. Bolted connections, as a purely mechanical connection method, eliminate the need for open flames throughout the entire construction process, fundamentally eliminating fire hazards, ensuring construction safety, and meeting the stringent safety requirements of the operations department for construction on existing railway lines.

[0037] In addition, bolted connections offer the advantage of easier maintenance. During long-term use, sound barriers may require replacement of individual components due to train vibrations, corrosion, or other reasons. Bolted connections are detachable, allowing for easy replacement of damaged parts simply by unscrewing the bolts during maintenance. In contrast, welded connections require cutting and re-welding, significantly increasing maintenance difficulty and costs.

[0038] In some embodiments, the transverse purlin 10 is provided with an elongated hole 11 at its end. The transverse purlin 10 is connected to the column through the elongated hole 11 and bolts, so that the relative position between two adjacent columns can be finely adjusted when installing the curved beam standard unit 17.

[0039] This embodiment achieves the following benefits by setting the elongated hole 11: In actual construction, there may be construction errors in the position of the bolts in the pre-embedded foundation, and the actual spacing between adjacent columns after the standard column unit 16 is hoisted may deviate from the theoretical design value; the design of the elongated hole 11 allows the transverse purlin 10 to have a certain adjustment margin in the longitudinal direction, so that when installing the curved beam standard unit 17, the column spacing error can be compensated by finely adjusting the position of the purlin, ensuring that the bolt holes on the connecting plates 13 at both ends of the curved beam can be accurately aligned with the connecting holes at the top of the column; this design greatly reduces the requirements for the accuracy of the foundation pre-embedding, improves the construction error tolerance rate, avoids the situation of having to enlarge holes, repair components, or rework due to inaccurate alignment, and significantly improves the installation efficiency and success rate; at the same time, this adjustable design also reserves adaptation space for structural deformation caused by temperature changes.

[0040] In some examples, the oblong hole 11 can also be set on the connecting plate 13 of the column, or an adjustable telescopic purlin can be used. However, the oblong hole 11 solution is the best choice because it has a simple structure, is easy to process, has low cost, and is easy to adjust. Another alternative is to set an adjusting shim between the purlin and the column, but adjusting the shim requires repeated disassembly and reassembly of the bolts, which is less efficient.

[0041] In some embodiments, since the curved beam has a certain curvature, after the screen is inserted into it, a backstop bolt 18 needs to be installed. The backstop bolt 18 can be installed on the T-shaped limit plate 20 or on the curved beam, as long as it can prevent the screen from sliding down.

[0042] In some embodiments, the screen is pre-assembled at a ground assembly site during a non-skylight period before hoisting, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, specifically: multiple metal screens are assembled into a screen unit using a fixing clamp to facilitate subsequent overall insertion and installation. After installation, the fixing clamp must be removed. The fixing clamp must be equipped with a hook or lifting hole for cooperation with the lifting device.

[0043] This embodiment achieves the following benefits through ground-based pre-assembly of the screen units: Pre-assembling multiple screen units into individual units shifts the previously necessary high-altitude, piece-by-piece installation process to the ground, significantly reducing the amount of high-altitude work and personnel exposure time during skylight hours; the ground-based assembly environment is safe, with ample operating space and good lighting, allowing workers to more carefully adjust the gaps, flatness, and verticality between screen units, thereby improving the overall installation quality and appearance of the sound barrier; the use of fixed clamps ensures the dimensional accuracy and integrity of the screen units, enabling one-time insertion during subsequent hoisting, avoiding potential jamming, misalignment, or tilting during piece-by-piece insertion; furthermore, the modularization of the screen units reduces the number of hoisting operations from dozens to just a few, further shortening the work time during skylight hours and improving construction efficiency.

[0044] In some embodiments, such as Figures 9-10 As shown, during construction in the contact wire area, a phased replacement method is adopted: first, the steel structure installation in the area 3m away from both sides of the contact wire is completed; after the contact wire cantilever device is transferred to the adjacent column and the original contact wire column is removed, the standard column unit 16, the curved beam standard unit 17, and the screen body in the contact wire area are installed.

[0045] This embodiment of the project achieves the following benefits through phased replacement construction: The overhead contact system is the core power supply equipment of the existing line, and its energized state and spatial location severely restrict construction. Safety regulations require construction machinery and components to maintain a safe distance of more than 2 meters from energized parts. This scheme divides the overhead contact system area into a separate final construction phase. First, most of the steel structure installation in the surrounding area is completed using the safe distance, which makes full use of the maintenance window and avoids high-risk operations directly above the overhead contact system. After the surrounding area is completed, the overhead contact system support function is transferred from the old columns to the new columns through a cantilever transfer design. Then, the old columns are removed to make room. At this time, the overhead contact system is supported by the new columns, but its position has deviated from the original construction area. Finally, the sound barrier structure directly above the overhead contact system is installed. At this time, there is no energized equipment in the area or power outage and grounding measures have been taken. This replacement method minimizes interference with the normal operation of the overhead contact system, ensures the safety of train operation on the existing line, and achieves full-line connection of the sound barrier.

[0046] In some embodiments, when hoisting the standard column unit 16 or the standard curved beam unit 17, a two-point binding method is adopted. The hoisting point position is determined by calculation, the included angle of the two wire ropes is not greater than 90°, and the corner pads are set at the contact position between the wire rope and the component. Traction ropes are attached to both ends of the component, and the aerial posture of the component is controlled by ground personnel to ensure that the horizontal deviation of hoisting is ≤5mm.

[0047] This embodiment achieves the following beneficial effects through refined hoisting control: Two-point binding and hoisting point position calculation ensure uniform stress on the components during hoisting, preventing twisting, deformation, or local buckling; the requirement that the wire rope angle not exceed 90° avoids excessive horizontal force due to an excessive angle, which could cause lateral instability or swaying of the components; the corner protectors protect the wire rope and the component surface coating, preventing wire rope cuts or coating wear leading to corrosion; the traction rope provides ground personnel with an effective means to actively control the component's posture, allowing for direction adjustments during lifting, translation, and positioning, effectively preventing collisions with the contact network, existing structures, or crane boom; ultimately achieving high-precision hoisting with a horizontal deviation of ≤5mm, laying a solid foundation for subsequent bolt drilling and precise structural alignment, avoiding correction difficulties, hole enlargement, or even rework caused by hoisting deviations, significantly improving installation quality and efficiency.

[0048] In some embodiments, pre-embedded bolts are provided on the pre-embedded foundation; the standard column unit 16 is hoisted to the pre-embedded foundation position so that the bolt holes at the bottom of the column are fitted into the pre-embedded bolts to achieve precise positioning, and then the column is fixedly connected by nuts; this connection method allows the relative position between two adjacent columns to be finely adjusted when installing the standard curved beam unit 17.

[0049] This embodiment achieves the following benefits through the pre-embedded bolt connection method: The positional accuracy of the pre-embedded bolts, as force-transferring components between the foundation and the column, directly determines the installation accuracy of the column; this solution allows for a certain degree of looseness after the bolts are inserted into the bolt holes on the column base plate, before the final tightening of the nuts, enabling minor displacement adjustments to the column in the horizontal plane. This allows for compensatory fine-tuning of the spacing between adjacent columns based on the actual span of the curved beam when installing the standard curved beam unit 17, ensuring accurate alignment of the connecting holes at both ends of the curved beam with the holes at the top of the column; this "rough positioning first, then fine adjustment and finally fixing" installation logic effectively absorbs errors in civil construction and component manufacturing, ensuring the overall structural installation accuracy and load-bearing performance; simultaneously, the pre-embedded bolt connection offers advantages such as direct force transmission, good seismic performance, and ease of maintenance and replacement.

[0050] In some embodiments, before hoisting the curved beam standard unit 17, a descent device and a pull rope are installed on its lifting lugs; after hoisting into place, personnel ascend to the top of the curved beam using an articulated boom lift, fasten their safety belts to the descent device, and then unfasten the lifting equipment; a lifeline is set longitudinally at the top of the curved beam for subsequent installation work. This embodiment achieves the following beneficial effects through multiple safety measures: the descent device provides a reliable safety guarantee for personnel climbing, and even in the event of a fall, the descent device can slowly lower the personnel to the ground or bridge surface at a safe speed, avoiding injury or death; the sequence of fastening the safety belt to the descent device and then unfastening the lifting device ensures that the worker is never out of effective protection at any time on the top of the curved beam; the lifeline provides continuous anti-fall anchor points for subsequent purlin installation, screen insertion, bolt tightening, and other processes, ensuring that the worker is always in a safe state when moving and working on the curved beam.

[0051] In some embodiments, such as Figures 12-16 As shown, the columns and the curved beams on them form an arch frame 1. Any two adjacent arch frames 1 are connected to each other through a connection structure. There are three types of connection structures: a strong connection structure 2, a longitudinal displacement adaptive connection mechanism 4, and a conventional connection structure 3. The connection strength of the strong connection structure 2 is greater than that of the conventional connection structure 3. All the arch frames 1 on the bridge section between two adjacent bridge expansion joints 5 form a steel frame unit 7. The length direction of each steel frame unit 7 includes two end sections 8 and a middle section 9 located between the two end sections 8. Adjacent arch frames 1 located in the same end section 8 are fixedly connected by the strong connection structure 2, and adjacent arch frames 1 located in the middle section 9 are connected by the conventional connection structure 3. Between any two adjacent steel frame units 7, two adjacent arched frames 1 are connected by a longitudinal displacement adaptive connection mechanism 4; the effective connection length of the longitudinal displacement adaptive connection mechanism 4 can be automatically adjusted in response to the width change of the expansion joint, so as to allow relative longitudinal displacement between adjacent steel frame stable units while maintaining the connection state.

[0052] The effectiveness of this embodiment stems from a fundamental reconstruction of the stress path in traditional continuous structures. In traditional schemes, the expansion and contraction deformation of bridge 6 is directly transmitted through the continuous steel frame, resulting in a high concentration of stress at the expansion joints. This scheme first blocks the long-distance transmission of stress by dividing the structure into segments (forming units); then, functional zoning is implemented within each unit, with localized reinforcement (strong connections) at the ends where stress is complex and requires "support," while maintaining an economical design (conventional connections) in the simpler middle sections. This optimizes the stress distribution and material utilization within the unit; finally, at the interfaces between units, adaptive mechanisms that allow controlled sliding replace rigid connections, providing a dedicated release channel for the expansion and contraction deformation of bridge 6. These combined measures effectively absorb and isolate the displacement of bridge 6 caused by temperature changes through the adaptive mechanisms, preventing the main steel frame structure from undergoing large deformations or bearing excessive stress. This achieves the core objective of "moving with the bridge while remaining stable," fundamentally solving the long-standing problems of stress concentration and fatigue failure.

[0053] In some embodiments, the strong connection structure 2 includes transverse purlins 10, inter-column supports 14 and horizontal supports 15; the inter-column supports 14 are cross-channel steel supports provided on the side of the arch frame 1; the horizontal supports 15 are cross-channel steel supports provided on the top of the arch frame 1; the transverse purlins 10 are arranged in a horizontal direction and are connected to the two arch frames 1 at both ends respectively.

[0054] This embodiment concretizes the "strong connection structure 2" as a composite system composed of transverse purlins 10, inter-column supports 14, and horizontal supports 15, constructing a rigid connection network in three-dimensional space for the end section 8. The inter-column supports 14, in the form of cross-channel steel, form a highly efficient shear truss in the plane of the arch frame 1, specifically resisting transverse horizontal loads; the top cross-channel steel horizontal supports 15 constitute rigid horizontal spacers, effectively constraining the relative displacement of each arch frame and resisting torsion. These three work together to integrate multiple discrete arch frames 1 within the end section 8 into a spatial force-bearing module with high overall rigidity and stability. This module can not only independently and efficiently bear and transmit various loads, but more importantly, it provides a reliable "fixed end" constraint for the entire steel frame unit 7, which is a concrete structural guarantee for ensuring the realization of "segmented rigidity".

[0055] The strong connection structure 2 can also be implemented using other forms of spatial grid or truss systems. For example, spatial triangular trusses can be used instead of the combination of cross bracing and purlins, or prefabricated steel honeycomb panels or corrugated steel plates can be set between the arch frames 1 as shear-resistant webs to form box-shaped or I-shaped composite section arch frames 1, thereby achieving extremely high local stiffness directly at the component level.

[0056] In the preferred embodiment, each end segment 8 consists of two arched frames 1 and a strong connecting structure 2 between them.

[0057] In some embodiments, the channel steel purlins in the intersecting column supports 14 and horizontal supports 15 are fixed to the arch frame 1 in the following way: during the factory prefabrication stage, a connecting plate 13 is pre-welded to the corresponding position of the arch frame 1 (when the column is an I-beam, this position can be on the flange or web of the I-beam); during installation, the end of the channel steel purlin is fitted with the connecting plate 13 and fastened with bolts and nuts; wherein, the bolts are preferably cotter pin bolts, and after tightening, a cotter pin is inserted through its tail to prevent the nut from loosening.

[0058] In some embodiments, multiple sets of inter-column supports 14 are provided, each with a vertical dimension of 2m; multiple sets of horizontal supports 15 are provided, each with a dimension of 1m along the width of the bridge 6. The aforementioned vertical and width directions refer to the directions in which the arch frame 1 extends.

[0059] This embodiment quantifies and limits the key dimensions of the support system.

[0060] In addition, the dimensions of the support can be designed differently according to the load level and cross-sectional dimensions of the arch frame 1 of the specific project.

[0061] In some embodiments, the longitudinal displacement adaptive connection mechanism 4 includes a transverse purlin 10, the two ends of which are connected to the arched frames 1 of two adjacent steel frame units 7 via a sliding pair. The sliding pair includes an elongated hole 11 at the end of the transverse purlin 10 and a bolt passing through the elongated hole 11 and fastening the end to the corresponding arched frame 1. The length direction of the elongated hole 11 is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the bridge 6. When the adjacent steel frame units 7 experience relative longitudinal displacement due to the change in the width of the bridge expansion joint 5, the bolt can slide within the elongated hole 11 to achieve longitudinal displacement adaptation between the transverse purlin 10 and the arched frame 1.

[0062] This embodiment provides a simple and reliable adaptive connection scheme. Its core effectiveness lies in the sliding pair formed by the "elongated hole 11 bolt," which cleverly achieves a "directional release" function. The length of the elongated hole 11 is aligned with the longitudinal direction of the bridge 6, providing a preset and controllable degree of freedom for the connection. The preload of the bolt provides initial static friction, making the connection appear approximately rigid when the internal forces caused by temperature changes are small, maintaining its integrity under normal conditions. When the width variation of the bridge expansion joint 5 accumulates to a certain extent, causing the longitudinal force generated by deformation coordination between adjacent units to exceed the static friction, the bolt will overcome frictional resistance and slide within the elongated hole 11. This sliding process actively releases the constrained displacement, thereby preventing the continuous accumulation of internal forces in the structure. More importantly, throughout the sliding process and after sliding, the bolt always connects the units on both sides through the crossbeam, continuing to effectively transmit lateral (such as wind load) and vertical loads. This design achieves the ideal state of "longitudinal mobility and lateral constraint," transforming the adaptive deformation design concept into an implementable engineering component with extremely low cost and maximum reliability.

[0063] The longitudinal displacement adaptive connection mechanism 4 can also be implemented using other principles. For example, a "telescopic joint" type sleeve connection can be used, where the inner and outer sleeves can slide relative to each other and are sealed.

[0064] In some embodiments, the conventional connection structure 3 is a transverse purlin 10, with an elongated hole 11 at the end of the transverse purlin 10. The elongated hole 11 and the fastening bolt cooperate to connect the transverse purlin 10 to the arch frame 1.

[0065] This embodiment also introduces bolted connections with elongated holes 11 in the conventional connection area. First, this design standardizes components and nodes, significantly simplifying the design, processing, and installation process. Since this conventional connection structure 3 and the "longitudinal displacement adaptive connection mechanism 4" used for inter-unit connections employ the exact same "elongated hole 11 + bolt" sliding pair structure, this means that only one standardized connection node can meet the needs of two different functional areas (the conventional connection area in the middle of the unit and the deformation adaptation area between units) throughout the entire sound barrier steel frame system. This highly unified design greatly simplifies the workload of structural detail design, material list preparation, and factory prefabrication, reducing the types of components and the probability of errors. During the construction and installation phase, the unified connection form also simplifies the worker's operating process, improves installation efficiency and quality consistency, and has good engineering economics.

[0066] Secondly, the sliding connection structure provides the necessary construction tolerance for the structure. The elongated hole 11 provides installation and adjustment space for the bolts, which can effectively absorb and compensate for unavoidable dimensional errors in the positioning of the arch frame 1, purlin fabrication, and on-site installation, ensuring that the structure can be assembled smoothly.

[0067] It should be noted that the screen body includes transparent screen bodies and metal screen bodies.

[0068] A more specific implementation method is as follows.

[0069] This embodiment provides a method for the hoisting and construction of an integral steel structure for the construction of sound barriers for existing power lines, specifically including the following steps: Step 1: Ground pre-assembly during non-skylight window periods During non-skylight hours (i.e., daytime), pre-assembly of steel components is carried out under the bridge or at the ground construction site.

[0070] First, the standard column unit 16 is pre-assembled: the spacing of the corresponding pre-embedded foundations on the bridge is checked the day before construction. The next day, based on the actual data, two columns and five transverse purlins are pre-assembled into standard column unit 16 at the construction site. T-shaped limiting plates 20 for inserting the screen body are welded to the outside of the column along the height direction. The purlins are fixed to the purlin connecting plates using bolts with double nuts and cotter pins.

[0071] Simultaneously, the pre-assembly of the curved beam standard unit 17 is carried out: two curved beams, twelve purlins, the screen body (excluding the bend 19 part), the top maintenance passage platform (excluding the railing), and the deceleration device are pre-assembled on the site. T-shaped limiting plates 20 for inserting the screen body are installed along the length of the curved beams on the outer side, located between the two bends 19 at both ends of the curved beam. The curved beams and purlins are connected by bolts with double nuts and cotter pins, and the bolts are tightened after dimensional correction. After pre-assembly, the curved beam standard unit 17 is hoisted to the right side of the bridge access road for temporary placement, awaiting installation during the nighttime skylight.

[0072] Step 2: Hoisting of Standard Unit 16 Columns The standard unit 16 of the column is hoisted using a unit hoisting method. Depending on the site conditions, two columns are hoisted as a unit; in special sites where conditions are not suitable, single column hoisting can be used.

[0073] Before hoisting, the column base bolts on the pre-embedded foundation are manually derusted, and oil stains and concrete residues are cleaned. Column base bolts with large bends that affect the installation of the rigid frame are corrected to ensure that the bolt holes can be smoothly inserted and the column base nuts can be tightened smoothly.

[0074] The hoisting process employs a two-point binding method. The hoisting point positions are determined based on calculations to ensure the frame remains stable and free from deformation during hoisting. The angle between the two wire ropes is no greater than 90°, and corner protectors are installed at the contact points between the wire ropes and the frame. Traction ropes are attached to both ends of the component, and ground personnel coordinate to control the component's aerial posture, ensuring a horizontal deviation of ≤5mm during hoisting.

[0075] The truck crane lifts the standard column unit 16 to the pre-embedded foundation and slowly lowers it. When the column base plate is about 30-50mm away from the top surface of the pre-embedded bolts, alignment is performed. After alignment, the crane hook is lowered so that the bolt holes at the bottom of the column fit into the pre-embedded bolts for precise positioning. The column is then lowered onto the leveling nut, and the column base nut is installed.

[0076] Because the first standard column unit 16 lacks lateral stability, two guy ropes need to be installed on both sides of it. The hooks can only be removed after the guy ropes are secured. Subsequent standard column units 16 are installed in the same manner.

[0077] After the standard column unit 16 is hoisted, personnel will conduct a verticality check and correct any columns whose deviations exceed design and specification requirements. A plumb line and hoisting wire ropes will be used for correction. The cables can only be released after the columns are completely corrected and all secondary structures are installed. The allowable deviation for H-beam steel column elevation is ±5mm, the deviation between adjacent columns is ≤5mm, the verticality of the column base plate normal is no greater than 0.2%, the longitudinal and transverse positional deviations are ≤5mm, and the allowable deviation for column base plate horizontality is no greater than L / 1000 (L is the maximum plane dimension of the column base).

[0078] Step 3: Hoisting of Standard Unit 17 of the Curved Beam The standard unit 17 of the curved beam also adopts the unit hoisting mode. Depending on the site conditions, two or three curved beams are connected as a unit; in special sites where conditions are not met, a single curved beam can be hoisted.

[0079] Before hoisting, inspect the hoisting equipment, the fixed standard column unit 16, the construction site, construction machinery, the physical condition of the workers, and the column-beam connection bolts. Install a descent device and a pull rope on the lifting lugs of the curved beam for personnel to release the lifting gear after hoisting. The curved beam is connected to the lifting gear using U-shaped shackles and wire ropes, with the traction ropes positioned at both ends of the curved beam near the crane.

[0080] A 130-ton crane equipped with 22mm diameter steel wire ropes was used for hoisting. After hoisting, the traction rope was used to control the posture of the component, and the hoisting height was 2m above the top of the contact wire column. When the curved beam column base was hoisted to about 100mm from the top of the column, workers on an articulated boom lift manually pulled it to the top of the column, and pre-tightened it with the column-beam connecting bolts. Then, it was moved to the farthest curved beam on the same side for diagonal pre-tightening, and finally moved to the middle curved beam for fixation. After pre-tightening, the bolts were tightened, ensuring that each bolt reached the set torque. Finally, the hook was removed to ensure overall stability.

[0081] After each curved beam standard unit 17 is hoisted, a lifeline is installed on the top of the curved beam. A lifeline is also installed on a curved beam next to the gap, with the lifeline connected between the two lifting lugs for use in subsequent installation operations.

[0082] After hoisting is completed, the workers ascend to the top of the curved beam using a boom lift, fasten their safety belts to the descent device, then unfasten the lifting gear, and return to the boom lift to secure the descent device to the bolt holes on the curved beam. Throughout the entire installation process, the workers remain outside the track area.

[0083] Step 4: Screen Installation After all the standard column unit 16 and the standard curved beam unit 17 are installed and their relative positions are adjusted, the screen body is installed.

[0084] First, the side panel installation is carried out: During non-skylight maintenance periods, multiple metal panels are assembled into panel units using fixed clamps at the ground assembly site. During skylight maintenance periods, a 25-ton crane and 3-ton slings are used for hoisting. A traction rope is attached to the bottom of the clamp, and a designated person pulls the panel unit vertically from above into the T-shaped limiting plate 20 between adjacent columns. Wooden blocks are then placed in place. The operators in the boom lift unfasten the top of the clamp, and the operators in the track area unfasten the bottom of the clamp. The clamp is then lifted out, and the wooden blocks are removed, completing the side panel installation.

[0085] Then, the screen installation at the 19 bends was carried out: a 25-ton crane and a 3-ton sling were used for hoisting. The sling was wrapped around the curved screen and secured with U-shaped shackles before hoisting. The two ends of the screen were fastened with traction ropes and pulled by a designated person to the corresponding installation position on the top curved beam. After the pressure plate was put on, it was tightened with nuts. After the installation was completed, the operator in the boom lift unfastened the slings, pulled them out, and removed the traction ropes.

[0086] Step 5: Connection between adjacent frame units The connection between two adjacent frame units formed by connecting the standard column unit 16 and the standard curved beam unit 17 is carried out within the time window after both are installed in place.

[0087] First, install the neutral purlins: The workers and purlins are loaded into the boom lift truck and raised to the neutral position. The side neutral purlins are installed on the outside of the bridge and the bolts are tightened.

[0088] Then proceed with the installation of the empty screen body: using the same method as the side screen body, insert the screen body into the T-shaped limiting plate 20 between the adjacent frame units.

[0089] This completes the overall steel structure system.

[0090] Step Six: Special Treatment of the Overhead Contact Line Area For the overhead contact line area, a phased replacement method will be used for construction: In the first phase, the steel structure installation will be completed in the area 3 meters away from both sides of the contact wire. The steel structure will not be installed within 3 meters to the left and right of the contact wire for the time being. In the second stage, after the overhead contact line cantilever arm device is transferred to the adjacent column, the original overhead contact line column will be removed. In the third stage, the standard column unit 16, the standard curved beam unit 17, and the screen body in the contact wire area are installed to complete the connection of the entire sound barrier system.

[0091] Through the above steps, this embodiment achieves efficient, safe, and precise installation of sound barriers for existing power lines, achieving the best balance between construction efficiency, installation accuracy, and structural integrity.

[0092] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for the hoisting and construction of an integral steel structure for the construction of sound barriers for existing power lines, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: During non-skylight window periods, at least two columns and transverse purlins are pre-assembled on the ground or under the bridge to form a standard column unit; simultaneously, at least two curved beams, transverse purlins, and screens are pre-assembled on the ground or under the bridge to form a standard curved beam unit. The columns have T-shaped limiting plates along their height direction for inserting the screens; the curved beams have T-shaped limiting plates along their length direction for inserting the screens; the T-shaped limiting plates are located between the two bends at both ends of the curved beam, and the screens are inserted into the T-shaped limiting plates on the outside of the curved beams. During the designated window period, the foundation should be pre-embedded on the bridge. During the designated window period, the standard column unit is hoisted to the pre-embedded foundation position and fixed. During the designated window period, the standard curved beam unit is hoisted to the top of the fixed column and then fixedly connected. After the standard column unit and the standard curved beam unit are installed in place, within the time window, the screen body is vertically inserted into the T-shaped limiting plate between the adjacent columns from above to complete the installation of the side screen body. Then, the screen body is installed on the bend of the curved beam. Between two adjacent frame units formed by connecting standard column units and standard curved beam units, after both are installed in place, during the skylight period, horizontal purlins and screens are installed between them to form an overall steel structure system.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The standard column unit includes 2 or 3 columns, and the standard curved beam unit includes 2 or 3 curved beams. The transverse purlins, curved beams, and column plates are fixed together by bolts, double nuts, and cotter pins.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The standard units for columns and curved beams are connected by bolts to avoid hot work operations.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transverse purlin is provided with an elongated hole at its end. The transverse purlin is connected to the column through the elongated hole and bolts, so that the relative position between two adjacent columns can be finely adjusted when installing the curved beam standard unit.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before hoisting, the screen is pre-assembled on the ground assembly site during non-skylight hours. Specifically, multiple metal screen pieces are assembled into screen units using fixing clamps to facilitate subsequent overall insertion and installation.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, During construction in the contact wire area, a phased replacement method is adopted: first, the steel structure installation in the area 3m away from both sides of the contact wire is completed; after the contact wire cantilever device is transferred to the adjacent column and the original contact wire column is removed, the standard column unit, curved beam standard unit and screen body in the contact wire area are installed.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When hoisting the standard column unit or curved beam unit, a two-point binding method is used. The hoisting point position is determined by calculation. The included angle between the two wire ropes is no greater than 90°. Angle pads are set at the contact points between the wire ropes and the components. Traction ropes are attached to both ends of the components. Ground personnel work together to control the aerial posture of the components to ensure that the horizontal deviation of the hoisting is ≤5mm.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Pre-embedded bolts are provided on the pre-embedded foundation; the standard column unit is hoisted to the pre-embedded foundation position, so that the bolt holes at the bottom of the column are fitted into the pre-embedded bolts to achieve precise positioning, and then the column is fixedly connected by nuts; this connection method allows the relative position between two adjacent columns to be finely adjusted when installing the standard curved beam unit.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before hoisting the standard unit of the curved beam, a descent device and a pull rope are installed on its lifting lugs; after hoisting into place, the personnel climbing to the top of the curved beam are lifted by a boom lift, and the safety belts are fastened to the descent device before being unfastened to the lifting equipment; a lifeline is set along the longitudinal direction at the top of the curved beam for use in subsequent installation operations.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The columns and the curved beams thereon form an arched frame. Any two adjacent arched frames are connected to each other through a connecting structure. The connecting structure is divided into three types: a strong connection structure, a longitudinal displacement adaptive connection mechanism, and a conventional connection structure. The connection strength of the strong connection structure is greater than that of the conventional connection structure. All the arched frames on the bridge section between two adjacent bridge expansion joints form a steel frame unit. Each steel frame unit includes two end sections and a middle section located between the two end sections in the length direction. Adjacent arched frames located in the same end section are fixedly connected by a strong connection structure, and adjacent arched frames located in the middle section are connected by a conventional connection structure. Between any two adjacent steel frame units, two adjacent arched frames are connected by a longitudinal displacement adaptive connection mechanism; the effective connection length of the longitudinal displacement adaptive connection mechanism can be automatically adjusted in response to the width change of the expansion joint, so as to allow relative longitudinal displacement between adjacent steel frame stabilizing units while maintaining the connection state.

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