Electric pole concrete water reducing agent suitable for fast steam curing and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a water-reducing agent for rapid steam curing of utility pole concrete and its preparation method. It is formulated from a polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor and composite functional components. The polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor is prepared by free radical polymerization of monomers comprising the following parts by weight in aqueous solution: macromonomer isopentenyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 80-120 parts; unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer acrylic acid, 10-16 parts; sulfonic acid functional monomer 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 2-8 parts; ester functional monomer hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 1-5 parts; and chain transfer agent: 3-mercaptopropionic acid, 0.5-1.5 parts. The water-reducing agent of this invention not only provides ultra-high water reduction rate and excellent workability, but also exhibits a synergistic effect with an 85℃ steam curing regime, enabling the concrete to achieve a stable compressive strength of over 100 MPa after 5-6 hours of steam curing, while simultaneously ensuring the compactness and durability of the concrete structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of concrete admixtures, and specifically to a water-reducing agent for rapid steam curing of utility pole concrete and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Prestressed concrete poles are a crucial infrastructure for modern power grids and communication networks. Their production process generally employs centrifugal molding and steam curing, with the core objective of enabling the concrete to achieve ultra-high strength sufficient for demolding and tension release in the shortest possible time. This significantly improves mold turnover rate and production efficiency while reducing energy consumption.

[0003] Currently, pursuing ultra-high performance (compressive strength ≥100MPa) and ultra-high early strength in concrete has become an industry trend. However, achieving this goal faces significant challenges: 1. The contradiction between water reduction rate and early strength: To achieve a strength of over 100 MPa, the water-cement ratio must be reduced to an extremely low level (usually below 0.20), which requires the water-reducing agent to have an extremely high water reduction rate (>35%). However, traditional polycarboxylate water-reducing agents, while providing a high water reduction rate, often have retarding properties, which are not conducive to early strength development.

[0004] 2. Poor adaptability to steam curing: Conventional early-strength water-reducing agents may cause poor internal structure of concrete under high-temperature steam curing conditions. For example, premature and rapid hydration can lead to a loose and uneven hydration product structure, hindering later strength growth and even causing microcracks, thus affecting durability.

[0005] 3. Balance between workability and strength development: At low water-cement ratios, concrete viscosity increases sharply, workability deteriorates, and centrifugal compaction becomes difficult. Simultaneously, concrete is required to have sufficient initial structural strength to resist thermal shock before steam curing, to rapidly strengthen during steam curing, and to achieve sustained and steady strength growth after steam curing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a water-reducing agent for electric pole concrete suitable for rapid steam curing and its preparation method, which can work in conjunction with the 85℃ steam curing process for electric pole concrete to achieve ultra-high water reduction, good quality and easy curing, and a strength exceeding 100 after steam curing.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A water-reducing agent for concrete poles suitable for rapid steam curing is formulated from polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor and composite functional components; The polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor is prepared by aqueous free radical polymerization of monomers comprising the following parts by weight: Macromonomer: Isoprene alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 80~120 parts; Unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer: acrylic acid, 10-16 parts; Sulfonic acid functional monomer: 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 2-8 parts; Ester-based functional monomer: Hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 1-5 parts; Chain transfer agent: 3-mercaptopropionic acid, 0.5~1.5 parts.

[0008] Based on the mass ratio of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor, the composite functional component includes the following components: Early-strength catalyst: triisopropanolamine, 0.5~3.5%; Nanonucleating agent: 2-5% of nano-silica sol with a particle size of 10-20 nm; Retarding regulator: Citric acid, 0.1~0.8%.

[0009] Furthermore, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor is prepared by aqueous free radical polymerization of monomers comprising the following parts by weight: Macromonomer: Isoprene alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 85~110 parts; Unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer: acrylic acid, 12-15 parts; Sulfonic acid functional monomer: 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 4-8 parts; Ester-based functional monomer: Hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 2-5 parts; Chain transfer agent: 3-mercaptopropionic acid, 0.5~1.0 parts.

[0010] Based on the mass ratio of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor, the composite functional component includes the following components: Early-strength catalyst: triisopropanolamine, 0.85~2.5%; Nanonucleating agent: 2.5-4.5% nano-silica sol with a particle size of 10-20 nm; Retarding regulator: Citric acid, 0.2~0.6%.

[0011] Furthermore, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor is prepared by aqueous free radical polymerization of monomers comprising the following parts by weight: Macromonomer: Isoprene alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 100 parts; Unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer: acrylic acid, 14 parts; Sulfonic acid functional monomer: 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 6 parts; Ester-based functional monomer: Hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 2 parts; Chain transfer agent: 3-mercaptopropionic acid, 0.75 parts.

[0012] Based on the mass ratio of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor, the composite functional component includes the following components: Early-strength catalyst: triisopropanolamine, 1.5%; Nanonucleating agent: 3% of nano-silica sol with a particle size of 10-20 nm; Retarding regulator: Citric acid, 0.2%.

[0013] This invention also provides a method for preparing a water-reducing agent for rapidly steam-cured concrete poles, comprising the following steps: 1) Polymerization reaction: a. By weight, add 80-120 parts of isopentenyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 130-160 parts of deionized water to the reactor, stir under nitrogen protection, and heat to 40-45℃ to dissolve it. b. Mix 10-16 parts of acrylic acid, 2-8 parts of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 1-5 parts of hydroxypropyl methacrylate and 1-5 parts of 3-mercaptopropionic acid with water to prepare solution A. c. Dissolve 2-3 parts of ammonium persulfate in water to prepare solution B; d. Add solution A and solution B simultaneously and at a uniform rate into the reaction vessel over 3-4 hours, maintaining the temperature at 40-45℃ throughout the process.

[0014] e. After the addition is complete, keep warm and mature for 1-2 hours, then cool and neutralize with sodium hydroxide solution to pH=6.0-7.0 to obtain polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor; 2) Compound formulation of functional components: Add 0.5-3.5% (by weight) of triisopropanolamine, 2-5% of nano-silica sol, and 0.1-0.8% of citric acid to the mother liquor of polycarboxylate superplasticizer in sequence. After stirring evenly, add 0.1-0.2% (by weight) of defoamer and mix evenly to obtain a superplasticizer suitable for rapid steam curing of concrete poles.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The water-reducing agent for rapid steam curing of utility pole concrete provided by this invention not only offers an ultra-high water reduction rate and excellent workability, reducing the water-cement ratio of concrete to 0.18-0.20 and achieving a water reduction rate exceeding 38%, but also provides fresh concrete with moderate viscosity and excellent workability. Furthermore, it exhibits a synergistic effect with an 85℃ steam curing regime. In particular, after 5-6 hours of steam curing at 85±2℃, the compressive strength of the concrete stably reaches over 100MPa (100-110MPa), while simultaneously ensuring the compactness and durability of the concrete structure. Moreover, under standard curing conditions of 20±2℃, relative humidity ≥95%, and a 28-day curing period, the strength can still steadily increase to over 120MPa, fully meeting the ultimate pursuit of efficiency and strength for ultra-high performance utility poles. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. These descriptions are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0017] This invention provides a water-reducing agent for concrete poles suitable for rapid steam curing, which is formulated from polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor and composite functional components; The polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor is prepared by aqueous free radical polymerization of monomers comprising the following parts by weight: Macromonomer: TPEG (isoprenol polyoxyethylene ether), 80-120 parts; Unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer: acrylic acid (AA), 10-16 parts; Sulfonic acid functional monomer: 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS), 2-8 parts; Ester-based functional monomer: Hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA), 1-5 parts; Chain transfer agent: 3-mercaptopropionic acid, 0.5~1.5 parts.

[0018] Based on the mass ratio of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor, the composite functional component includes the following components: Early-strength catalyst: triisopropanolamine, 0.5~3.5%; Nanonucleating agent: 2-5% of nano-silica sol with a particle size of 10-20 nm; Retarding regulator: Citric acid, 0.1~0.8%.

[0019] The water-reducing agent for electric pole concrete provided by this invention is synergistic with steam curing: isopentenyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (TPEG) is selected as the macromonomer, which has high polymerization activity and the resulting molecular structure is more stable in low water-cement ratio and high temperature environment composed of cement, fly ash, stone powder, silica fume and other cementitious materials. The introduction of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) provides strong sulfonic acid anchoring sites and steric hindrance, ensuring that cement particles do not flocculate due to high temperature in the early stage of steam curing and maintaining the stability of the system.

[0020] The ester groups of hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) are more easily hydrolyzed at high temperatures. The slowly released carboxyl groups react with Ca²⁺ in the main materials of cement, such as dicalcium silicate (C2S), tricalcium silicate (C3S), and tricalcium aluminate (C3A), and synergistically with triisopropanolamine, to directionally promote the rapid and orderly hydration of tricalcium silicate (C3S) under steam curing conditions, forming a dense structure and solving the problem of uneven hydration.

[0021] The water-reducing agent for rapid steam curing of utility pole concrete provided by this invention has a synergistic effect among its composite functional components: Compared to triethanolamine (TEA), the triisopropanolamine (TIPA) used in this invention has a more significant catalytic effect on C3S and C4AF in cement, especially in steam curing environments above 80°C, where it can greatly accelerate strength growth without negatively impacting later strength.

[0022] Nano-silica sol, as a nano-scale nucleating agent, provides a large number of nucleation sites for CSH gel produced by cement hydration, guiding its uniform and dense growth, significantly refining the pore size, and greatly improving the early and late strength after steam curing. This solves the problem that water-reducing agents are not conducive to the development of existing early strength; this is one of the keys to achieving a strength of over 100 at 6 hours.

[0023] Citric acid: As a retarder, its function is to slightly delay hydration before steam curing, ensuring that the concrete has enough time for centrifugal molding and overcoming the defects of premature and rapid hydration. After entering the high-temperature environment, its retarding effect is quickly broken and it turns to promote hydration, forming a perfect combination with TIPA and nano SiO2.

[0024] Synergistic effect of hydroxypropyl methacrylate and citric acid: Hydroxypropyl methacrylate releases carboxyl groups upon hydrolysis in concrete, resulting in an adsorption effect lasting approximately 30 minutes. Cement particles adsorbing carboxyl groups repel each other through electrostatic repulsion, preventing particle aggregation and adhesion, thereby reducing the viscosity of the system. An appropriate amount of citric acid provides a short-term retarding effect of approximately 30 minutes. Without causing excessive retarding of cement, citrate ions are adsorbed on the surface of cement particles to form an adsorption layer protective film. This adsorption layer protective film increases the electrostatic repulsion between cement particles, thereby increasing the fluidity of the cement paste. Through these two synergistic mechanisms, the viscosity reduction effect of the system under low water-cement ratio conditions is achieved, thus maintaining the workability of concrete.

[0025] Furthermore, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor is prepared by aqueous free radical polymerization of monomers comprising the following parts by weight: Macromonomer: Isoprene alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 85~110 parts; Unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer: acrylic acid, 12-15 parts; Sulfonic acid functional monomer: 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 4-8 parts; Ester-based functional monomer: Hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 2-5 parts; Chain transfer agent: 3-mercaptopropionic acid, 0.5~1.0 parts.

[0026] Based on the mass ratio of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor, the composite functional component includes the following components: Early-strength catalyst: triisopropanolamine, 0.85~2.5%; Nanonucleating agent: 2.5-4.5% nano-silica sol with a particle size of 10-20 nm; Retarding regulator: Citric acid, 0.2~0.6%.

[0027] Specifically, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor is prepared by aqueous free radical polymerization of monomers comprising the following parts by weight: Macromonomer: Isoprene alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 100 parts; Unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer: acrylic acid, 14 parts; Sulfonic acid functional monomer: 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 6 parts; Ester-based functional monomer: Hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 2 parts; Chain transfer agent: 3-mercaptopropionic acid, 0.75 parts.

[0028] Based on the mass ratio of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor, the composite functional component includes the following components: Early-strength catalyst: triisopropanolamine, 1.5%; Nanonucleating agent: 3% of nano-silica sol with a particle size of 10-20 nm; Retarding regulator: Citric acid, 0.2%.

[0029] The preparation method of the water-reducing agent for rapidly steam-cured concrete poles includes the following steps: 1) Polymerization reaction: a. By weight, add 80-120 parts of isopentenyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 130-160 parts of deionized water to the reactor, stir under nitrogen protection, and heat to 40-45℃ to dissolve it. b. Mix 10-16 parts of acrylic acid, 2-8 parts of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 1-5 parts of hydroxypropyl methacrylate and 1-5 parts of 3-mercaptopropionic acid with water to prepare solution A. c. Dissolve 2-3 parts of ammonium persulfate in water to prepare solution B; d. Add solution A and solution B simultaneously and at a uniform rate into the reaction vessel over 3-4 hours, maintaining the temperature at 40-45℃ throughout the process.

[0030] e. After the addition is complete, keep warm and mature for 1-2 hours, then cool and neutralize with sodium hydroxide solution to pH=6.0-7.0 to obtain polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor; 2) Compound formulation of functional components: Add 0.5-3.5% (by weight) of triisopropanolamine, 2-5% of nano-silica sol, and 0.1-0.8% of citric acid to the mother liquor of polycarboxylate superplasticizer in sequence. After stirring evenly, add 0.1-0.2% (by weight) of defoamer and mix evenly to obtain a superplasticizer suitable for rapid steam curing of concrete poles.

[0031] Furthermore, the defoamer is a polyether defoamer or an organosilicon defoamer.

[0032] Specifically, the silicone defoamer is polydimethylsiloxane, polyether-modified silicone defoamer, or organofluorine-modified silicone defoamer.

[0033] Specific implementation examples are given below. Example

[0034] A method for preparing a water-reducing agent suitable for rapid steam curing of concrete poles includes the following steps: 1. Add 100g TPEG (Mn=2600) and 140g deionized water to the reactor, purge with nitrogen, and heat to 42℃ while stirring to dissolve.

[0035] 2. Prepare solution A: Mix 12g acrylic acid, 6g AMPS, 2g HPMA and 1.0g 3-mercaptopropionic acid with 30g water.

[0036] 3. Prepare solution B: Mix 2.0g of ammonium persulfate with 20g of water.

[0037] 4. Start adding solutions A and B simultaneously. Solution A should be added within 3.5 hours, and solution B within 3.2 hours, while maintaining the temperature at 42±2℃.

[0038] 5. After the addition is complete, maintain the temperature at 42℃ for 1-2 hours. Cool to 30℃ and neutralize with 30% sodium hydroxide solution to pH=6.5 to obtain the polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor.

[0039] 6. Add 1.2% (by weight of the mother liquor) of triisopropanolamine, 3% (by weight of nano silica sol, solid content 30%) and 0.2% (by weight of the mother liquor) to the obtained polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor, and stir for 20 minutes.

[0040] 7. Finally, add 0.2% organosilicon defoamer and stir for 30 minutes to obtain a water-reducing agent suitable for rapid steam curing of utility pole concrete. Example

[0041] A method for preparing a water-reducing agent suitable for rapid steam curing of concrete poles includes the following steps: 1. Add 100g TPEG (Mn=2600) and 140g deionized water to the reactor, purge with nitrogen, and heat to 42℃ while stirring to dissolve.

[0042] 2. Prepare solution A: Mix 14g acrylic acid, 7g AMPS, 2g HPMA and 1.0g 3-mercaptopropionic acid with 30g water.

[0043] 3. Prepare solution B: Mix 2.0g of ammonium persulfate with 20g of water.

[0044] 4. Start adding solutions A and B simultaneously. Solution A should be added within 3.5 hours, and solution B within 3.2 hours, while maintaining the temperature at 42±2℃.

[0045] 5. After dripping, keep at 42℃ for 1-2 hours. Cool to 30℃ and neutralize with 30% sodium hydroxide solution to pH=6.5.

[0046] 6. Add 1.2% (by weight of mother liquor) of triisopropanolamine, 4% of nano silica sol (30% solid content) and 0.2% of citric acid to the obtained mother liquor, and stir for 20 minutes.

[0047] 7. Finally, add 0.2% organosilicon defoamer and stir for 30 minutes to obtain a water-reducing agent suitable for rapid steam curing of utility pole concrete.

[0048] Performance testing of water-reducing agents in Examples 1 and 2: Using the same cement, silica fume, quartz sand, and steel fiber raw materials, with a water-cement ratio of 0.19, ultra-high performance pole concrete mixtures were prepared simultaneously using the water-reducing agent of this invention and a commercially available high-performance early-strength polycarboxylate water-reducing agent as comparative examples. The dosage of the water-reducing agent was 0.22% in both cases. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0049] Table 1 Performance test results of the water-reducing agent of the present invention Test item Comparative example Example 1 Example 2 Water reduction rate (%) 35 38 39 Initial spread (mm) 600 615 620 Compressive strength after 6h steam curing (MPa) 85 105 108 Compressive strength after 28d standard curing (MPa) 115 125 128 Test results fully demonstrate that the product of this invention is superior to the comparative example in terms of ultra-high water reduction rate and workability. Its core advantage lies in the fact that the strength exceeds 100MPa after 6 hours of steam curing, and the strength development in the later stage is even better, which fully achieves the design goal of the invention. Example

[0050] A method for preparing a water-reducing agent suitable for rapid steam curing of concrete poles includes the following steps: 1. Add 120g TPEG (Mn=2600) and 150g deionized water to the reactor, purge with nitrogen, and heat to 42℃ while stirring to dissolve.

[0051] 2. Prepare solution A: Mix 10g acrylic acid, 8g AMPS, 1g HPMA and 1.0g 3-mercaptopropionic acid with 30g water.

[0052] 3. Prepare solution B: Mix 2.0g of ammonium persulfate with 20g of water.

[0053] 4. Start adding solutions A and B simultaneously. Solution A should be added within 3.5 hours, and solution B within 3.2 hours, while maintaining the temperature at 42±2℃.

[0054] 5. After the addition is complete, maintain the temperature at 42℃ for 1-2 hours. Cool to 30℃ and neutralize with 30% sodium hydroxide solution to pH=6.5 to obtain the polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor.

[0055] 6. Add 1.5% (by weight of the mother liquor) of triisopropanolamine, 4% (by weight of nano silica sol, solid content 30%) and 0.6% (by weight of the mother liquor) to the obtained polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor, and stir for 20 minutes.

[0056] 7. Finally, add 0.2% organosilicon defoamer and stir for 30 minutes to obtain a water-reducing agent suitable for rapid steam curing of utility pole concrete. Example

[0057] A method for preparing a water-reducing agent suitable for rapid steam curing of concrete poles includes the following steps: 1. Add 80g TPEG (Mn=2600) and 100g deionized water to the reactor, purge with nitrogen, and heat to 42℃ while stirring to dissolve.

[0058] 2. Prepare solution A: Mix 12g acrylic acid, 5g AMPS, 1g HPMA and 1.0g 3-mercaptopropionic acid with 30g water.

[0059] 3. Prepare solution B: Mix 2.0g of ammonium persulfate with 20g of water.

[0060] 4. Start adding solutions A and B simultaneously. Solution A should be added within 3.5 hours, and solution B within 3.2 hours, while maintaining the temperature at 42±2℃.

[0061] 5. After dripping, keep at 42℃ for 1-2 hours. Cool to 30℃ and neutralize with 30% sodium hydroxide solution to pH=6.5.

[0062] 6. Add 0.85% of triisopropanolamine, 2.5% of nano silica sol (30% solid content) and 0.6% of citric acid to the obtained mother liquor, and stir for 20 minutes.

[0063] 7. Finally, add 0.1% organosilicon defoamer and stir for 30 minutes to obtain a water-reducing agent suitable for rapid steam curing of utility pole concrete.

[0064] The embodiments given above are preferred examples for implementing the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any non-essential additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the technical features of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-reducing agent suitable for rapid steam curing of concrete poles, characterized in that, It is composed of polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor and composite functional components; The polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor is prepared by aqueous free radical polymerization of monomers comprising the following parts by weight: Macromonomer: Isoprene alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 80~120 parts; Unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer: acrylic acid, 10-16 parts; Sulfonic acid functional monomer: 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 2-8 parts; Ester-based functional monomer: Hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 1-5 parts; Chain transfer agent: 3-mercaptopropionic acid, 0.5~1.5 parts; Based on the mass ratio of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor, the composite functional component includes the following components: Early-strength catalyst: triisopropanolamine, 0.5~3.5%; Nanonucleating agent: 2-5% of nano-silica sol with a particle size of 10-20 nm; Retarding regulator: Citric acid, 0.1~0.8%.

2. The water-reducing agent for rapidly steam-cured concrete poles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor is prepared by aqueous free radical polymerization of monomers comprising the following parts by weight: Macromonomer: Isoprene alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 85~110 parts; Unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer: acrylic acid, 12-15 parts; Sulfonic acid functional monomer: 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 4-8 parts; Ester-based functional monomer: Hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 2-5 parts; Chain transfer agent: 3-mercaptopropionic acid, 0.5~1.0 parts; Based on the mass ratio of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor, the composite functional component includes the following components: Early-strength catalyst: triisopropanolamine, 0.85~2.5%; Nanonucleating agent: 2.5-4.5% nano-silica sol with a particle size of 10-20 nm; Retarding regulator: Citric acid, 0.2~0.6%.

3. The water-reducing agent for rapidly steam-cured concrete poles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor is prepared by aqueous free radical polymerization of monomers comprising the following parts by weight: Macromonomer: Isoprene alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 100 parts; Unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer: acrylic acid, 14 parts; Sulfonic acid functional monomer: 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 6 parts; Ester-based functional monomer: Hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 2 parts; Chain transfer agent: 3-mercaptopropionic acid, 0.75 parts; Based on the mass ratio of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor, the composite functional component includes the following components: Early-strength catalyst: triisopropanolamine, 1.5%; Nanonucleating agent: 3% of nano-silica sol with a particle size of 10-20 nm; Retarding regulator: Citric acid, 0.2%.

4. A method for preparing a water-reducing agent suitable for rapid steam curing of concrete poles, characterized in that, Includes the following operations: 1) Polymerization reaction: a. By weight, add 80-120 parts of isopentenyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 130-160 parts of deionized water to the reactor, stir under nitrogen protection, and heat to 40-45℃ to dissolve it. b. Mix 10-16 parts of acrylic acid, 2-8 parts of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 1-5 parts of hydroxypropyl methacrylate and 1-5 parts of 3-mercaptopropionic acid with water to prepare solution A. c. Dissolve 2-3 parts of ammonium persulfate in water to prepare solution B; d. Add solution A and solution B simultaneously and at a uniform rate into the reaction vessel over 3-4 hours, maintaining the temperature at 40-45℃ throughout the process; e. After the addition is complete, keep warm and mature for 1-2 hours, then cool and neutralize with sodium hydroxide solution to pH=6.0-7.0 to obtain polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor; 2) Compound formulation of functional components: Add 0.5-3.5% (by weight) of triisopropanolamine, 2-5% of nano-silica sol, and 0.1-0.8% of citric acid to the mother liquor of polycarboxylate superplasticizer in sequence. After stirring evenly, add 0.1-0.2% (by weight) of defoamer and mix evenly to obtain a superplasticizer suitable for rapid steam curing of concrete poles.

5. The preparation method of the water-reducing agent for rapidly steam-cured concrete poles as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The defoamer is a polyether defoamer or an organosilicon defoamer.

6. The preparation method of the water-reducing agent for rapidly steam-cured concrete poles as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The organosilicon defoamer is polydimethylsiloxane, polyether-modified organosilicon defoamer, or organofluorine-modified organosilicon defoamer.