A polyurethane elastomer composite and a process for its production

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of polyurethane elastomer technology, and discloses a polyurethane elastomer composite material and its production process. This polyurethane elastomer composite material comprises the following raw materials: diisocyanate, polyol, catalyst, phenolic acid modified rubber, quaternized fiber, chain extender, and N,N-dimethylformamide; wherein the phenolic acid modified rubber is obtained by reacting epoxidized natural rubber with protocatechuic acid; the quaternized fiber is obtained by reacting carboxylated aramid fiber with 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride; and the carboxylated aramid fiber is obtained by irradiating aramid fiber with ultraviolet light. The polyurethane elastomer prepared by this invention has excellent and long-lasting antioxidant and antibacterial properties, strong toughness and impact resistance, greatly expanding the application fields of polyurethane elastomer composite materials and significantly extending their service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of polyurethane elastomer technology, specifically relating to a polyurethane elastomer composite material and its production process. Background Technology

[0002] Polyurethane elastomers are polymeric materials with highly designable molecular structures and a wide range of performance characteristics. They possess excellent wear resistance, oil resistance, and good processing properties, and are widely used in sealing products, flexible wearable devices, and industrial rollers. However, the soft segments in the molecular structure of ordinary polyurethane elastomers are susceptible to oxidative degradation under the influence of heat and oxygen, leading to yellowing of the material, affecting its mechanical properties, resulting in poor aging resistance, and lacking antibacterial effects. This makes them a breeding ground for bacteria and mold, greatly limiting their use in humid working conditions or medical environments. Furthermore, to enhance the performance of polyurethane elastomers and improve their modulus and strength, rigid fillers are often introduced, which often leads to a loss of toughness and impact resistance, making it difficult to achieve a balance between high strength and high toughness. Therefore, developing a polyurethane elastomer composite material with long-lasting antioxidant properties, efficient antibacterial properties, and significant reinforcement and toughening is key to improving material reliability and expanding its application areas.

[0003] Currently, to address the aforementioned issues and improve the strength and toughness of polyurethane elastomer composites, the addition of carbon nanotubes, graphene, aramid fibers, etc., can effectively enhance strength and modulus. However, the direct addition of these fillers results in weak interfacial adsorption with the material itself, which can easily lead to interfacial debonding under impact loads, posing a risk of reduced toughness. To improve the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of polyurethane elastomer composites, silver-based and guanidine-based antibacterial agents or hindered phenolic and phosphite antioxidants are often blended. However, small-molecule antioxidants and antibacterial agents often precipitate and migrate within the material, making it difficult to exert a long-lasting effect. For example, patent CN118459716B discloses a polyurethane elastomer composition and a polyurethane elastomer composite material for work shoe toe caps, as well as its preparation method. Although the polyurethane composite material prepared by this patent has excellent toughness, wear resistance, and flame retardancy, the antioxidants in this patent are blended, making it difficult to guarantee the durability of antioxidant properties. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a polyurethane elastomer composite material and its production process, which solves the following technical problems: (1) the poor antibacterial ability of ordinary polyurethane elastomer composite materials, which limits their application fields; (2) the general and short-lasting antioxidant capacity, toughness and impact resistance of ordinary polyurethane elastomer composite materials.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A polyurethane elastomer composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-45 parts diisocyanate, 26-35 parts polyol, 0.5-2 parts catalyst, 8-10 parts phenolic acid modified rubber, 5-6 parts quaternized fiber, 2-4 parts chain extender, and 200-300 parts N,N-dimethylformamide; wherein the phenolic acid modified rubber is prepared by reacting epoxidized natural rubber with protocatechuic acid; wherein the quaternized fiber is prepared by reacting carboxylated aramid fiber with 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride; and wherein the carboxylated aramid fiber is prepared by irradiating aramid fiber with ultraviolet light.

[0007] Further, the diisocyanate is any one of hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and toluene diisocyanate; the polyol is any one of polypentyl adipate, polyethylene glycol, polytetramethylene ether glycol, and polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol; the catalyst is any one of dibutyltin dilaurate and stannous octoate; and the chain extender is any one of 1,4-butanediol, 1,2-propanediol, and ethylene glycol.

[0008] Furthermore, the preparation method of the phenolic acid modified rubber includes the following steps:

[0009] Epoxidized natural rubber was placed in N,N-dimethylformamide and thoroughly mixed. Protocatechuic acid and tetrabutylammonium bromide were added, and the mixture was heated to react. After vacuum distillation, the mixture was placed in acetone and stirred thoroughly. Ethanol was added for purification. The precipitate was collected after filtration, washed, and dried to obtain phenolic acid modified rubber.

[0010] Through the above technical solution, under the action of tetrabutylammonium bromide, the epoxy groups in the epoxidized natural rubber structure and the carboxyl groups in the protocatechuic acid structure undergo a ring-opening reaction. After purification, phenolic acid modified rubber is obtained. This phenolic acid modified rubber structure contains multiple hydroxyl groups, which can participate in the preparation process of polyurethane elastomer composites. Protocatechuic acid is grafted onto the epoxidized natural rubber polymer chain through chemical bonding. The phenolic hydroxyl groups in its structure can preferentially react with free radicals generated during the use of the material, interrupting the chain oxidation reaction and endowing the polyurethane elastomer with excellent intrinsic antioxidant properties. Small molecule antioxidants are not easy to migrate, effectively delaying the aging process and extending its service life. At the same time, natural rubber can act as a stress concentration point in the polyurethane elastomer composite, inducing crazes and promoting plastic deformation of the material, which can convert external impact energy into various forms of dissipation energy, effectively improving the toughness and impact resistance of the polyurethane elastomer composite, and further improving its service life.

[0011] Furthermore, the temperature of the heating reaction is 80-90℃, and the time is 5-6 hours.

[0012] Furthermore, the method for preparing the quaternized fiber includes the following steps:

[0013] S1: Soak aramid fibers in acetone for 3-4 hours, filter and remove, dry at 80-90℃, irradiate under ultraviolet light for 20-30 minutes, remove and cut into short fibers of 5-6 mm in length to obtain carboxylated aramid fibers.

[0014] S2: Soak carboxylated aramid fibers in N,N-dimethylformamide for 1-1.5 hours, add 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride and tetrabutylammonium bromide, heat to 85-95℃ and react for 6-8 hours, filter, wash and vacuum dry to obtain quaternized fibers.

[0015] Through the above technical solution, carboxyl groups are introduced onto the surface of aramid fibers under ultraviolet irradiation to obtain carboxylated aramid fibers. Then, under the action of tetrabutylammonium bromide, the carboxyl groups on the surface of the carboxylated aramid fibers undergo a ring-opening reaction with the epoxy groups in the 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride structure, fixing the ammonium chloride onto the surface of the aramid fibers through chemical bonding and forming multiple hydroxyl groups, which participate in the preparation process of polyurethane elastomer composites. This improves the interfacial compatibility between the fibers and the polyurethane elastomer composite matrix, effectively enhancing the toughness of the composite material. At the same time, the quaternary ammonium salt introduced through chemical bonding carries a positive charge, which can effectively adsorb and destroy the cell membranes of negatively charged bacteria and other microorganisms, exhibiting highly efficient and broad-spectrum antibacterial properties. Furthermore, the small-molecule antibacterial agent is not prone to migration, making the prepared polyurethane elastomer composite material stable and durable in antibacterial performance, greatly expanding its application fields.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S1, the wavelength of the ultraviolet lamp is 280-350nm.

[0017] A manufacturing process for a polyurethane elastomer composite material includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Add diisocyanate to N,N-dimethylformamide, heat to 60-65℃, add polyol and catalyst, and continue stirring to react and obtain prepolymer;

[0019] Step 2: Add phenolic acid modified rubber and quaternized fiber to the prepolymer, ultrasonically disperse for 10-15 min, react at 70-75℃ for 0.5-0.8 h, continue to add chain extender, heat to 75-80℃ and stir to react for 3-5 h to obtain polyurethane mixture;

[0020] Step 3: Pour the polyurethane mixture into a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, allow it to cure in stages, demold, and vacuum dry to obtain a polyurethane elastomer composite material.

[0021] Furthermore, in step one, the temperature of the continuous stirring reaction is 70-75℃, and the time is 2-3 hours.

[0022] Furthermore, in step three, the stepped curing specifically involves curing at 60-65℃ for 6-8 hours, followed by raising the temperature to 80-85℃ and continuing curing for 10-12 hours.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0024] This invention incorporates phenolic acid-modified rubber and quaternized fibers into the preparation process of polyurethane elastomer composites, resulting in polyurethane elastomers with excellent and long-lasting antioxidant and antibacterial properties, as well as strong toughness and impact resistance. This greatly expands the application areas of polyurethane elastomer composites and significantly extends their service life.

[0025] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a zeta potential diagram of the carboxylated aramid fiber and the quaternized fiber of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The preparation methods of phenolic acid modified rubber and quaternized fibers in the following embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] I. Preparation of Phenolic Acid Modified Rubber

[0031] 3g of epoxidized natural rubber was placed in 60ml of N,N-dimethylformamide and mixed thoroughly. Then, 3.2g of protocatechuic acid and 0.02g of tetrabutylammonium bromide were added. The mixture was heated to 80℃ and reacted for 5h. The product was collected by vacuum distillation and placed in 30ml of acetone. The mixture was stirred thoroughly and then purified by adding 200ml of ethanol. The precipitate was collected after filtration, washed, and dried to obtain phenolic acid modified rubber.

[0032] Epoxidized natural rubber and phenolic acid modified rubber were used as samples, and the epoxy group content in the samples was determined by the hydrochloric acid-acetone method. The specific procedure was as follows: 1g of sample was weighed, 30ml of hydrochloric acid-acetone solution was added, the temperature was raised to 45℃ and the reaction was carried out for 1 hour. One drop of phenolphthalein indicator was added, and titration was performed with 0.2mol potassium hydroxide ethanol standard solution until the solution changed color, at which point the reaction was stopped. A blank test was also performed. The epoxy group content in the sample was calculated according to the following formula: Epoxy group content (%) = (V - V0)CM / 10m; where V is the blank value. The volume of potassium hydroxide standard solution consumed in the experiment is measured in milliliters (ml); V0 is the volume of potassium hydroxide standard solution consumed by the sample in milliliters (ml); C is the concentration of potassium hydroxide standard solution (mol / L); M is the molar mass of the epoxy group (g / mol); m is the weight of the sample (g); Calculations show that the epoxy group content in epoxidized natural rubber is 15.8%; while the epoxy group content in phenolic acid modified rubber is 3.5%. The reduction is due to the reaction between the epoxy groups in the structure of epoxidized natural rubber and the carboxyl groups in the structure of protocatechuic acid.

[0033] II. Preparation of Quaternized Fibers

[0034] S1: Soak 5g of aramid fiber in 100ml of acetone for 3 hours, filter and remove, dry at 80℃, irradiate under a UV lamp with a wavelength of 313nm for 25 minutes, remove and cut into short fibers of 5mm in length to obtain carboxylated aramid fiber.

[0035] S2: 4.8g of carboxylated aramid fiber was soaked in 100ml of N,N-dimethylformamide for 1h, 4.2g of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride and 0.03g of tetrabutylammonium bromide were added, the temperature was raised to 85℃ and reacted for 6h, and after filtration, washing and vacuum drying, quaternized fiber was obtained.

[0036] The potential values ​​of carboxylated aramid fibers and quaternized fibers were measured using a zeta potential analyzer. Figure 1 It can be seen that the potential value of carboxylated aramid fiber is -25mV, and the potential value of quaternized fiber is 16mV. It can be seen that the negative charge on the surface of carboxylated aramid fiber is due to the carboxyl groups on its surface, while the potential value of quaternized fiber is positive and the surface is positively charged because the carboxyl groups on the surface of the original carboxylated aramid fiber are consumed and an additional positively charged quaternary ammonium salt is introduced.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Preparation of polyurethane elastomer composites

[0039] Step 1: Add 35 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate to 200 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide, heat to 60°C, add 26 parts of polypentyl adipate and 0.5 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, and stir continuously at 70°C for 2 hours to obtain the prepolymer.

[0040] Step 2: Add 8 parts of phenolic acid modified rubber and 5 parts of quaternized fiber to the prepolymer, ultrasonically disperse for 10 min, react at 70℃ for 0.5 h, then add 2 parts of 1,4-butanediol, heat to 75℃ and stir for 3 h to obtain polyurethane mixture;

[0041] Step 3: Pour the polyurethane mixture into a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, cure at 60°C for 6 hours, then raise the temperature to 80°C and continue curing for 10 hours. After demolding, vacuum dry to obtain the polyurethane elastomer composite material.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] Preparation of polyurethane elastomer composites

[0044] Step 1: Add 40 parts of isophorone diisocyanate to 250 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide, heat to 62°C, add 30 parts of polytetrahydrofuran ether diol and 1 part of dibutyltin dilaurate, and stir continuously at 72°C for 2.5 hours to obtain the prepolymer.

[0045] Step 2: Add 9 parts of phenolic acid modified rubber and 5.5 parts of quaternized fiber to the prepolymer, ultrasonically disperse for 12 min, react at 72℃ for 0.7 h, then add 3 parts of 1,2-propanediol, heat to 77℃ and stir for 4 h to obtain polyurethane mixture;

[0046] Step 3: Pour the polyurethane mixture into a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, cure at 62°C for 7 hours, then raise the temperature to 82°C and continue curing for 11 hours. After demolding, vacuum dry to obtain the polyurethane elastomer composite material.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] Preparation of polyurethane elastomer composites

[0049] Step 1: Add 45 parts to toluene diisocyanate to 300 parts N,N-dimethylformamide, heat to 65°C, add 26 parts polyethylene glycol and 2 parts stannous octoate, and stir continuously at 75°C for 3 hours to obtain the prepolymer.

[0050] Step 2: Add 10 parts of phenolic acid modified rubber and 6 parts of quaternized fiber to the prepolymer, ultrasonically disperse for 15 min, react at 75℃ for 0.8 h, then add 4 parts of ethylene glycol, heat to 80℃ and stir for 5 h to obtain polyurethane mixture;

[0051] Step 3: Pour the polyurethane mixture into a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, cure at 65°C for 8 hours, then raise the temperature to 85°C and continue curing for 12 hours. After demolding, vacuum dry to obtain the polyurethane elastomer composite material.

[0052] Comparative Example 1

[0053] Preparation of polyurethane elastomer composites

[0054] Step 1: Add 40 parts of isophorone diisocyanate to 250 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide, heat to 62°C, add 30 parts of polytetrahydrofuran ether diol and 1 part of dibutyltin dilaurate, and stir continuously at 72°C for 2.5 hours to obtain the prepolymer.

[0055] Step 2: Add 5.5 parts of quaternized fiber to the prepolymer, ultrasonically disperse for 12 min, react at 72℃ for 0.7 h, then add 3 parts of 1,2-propanediol, heat to 77℃ and stir for 4 h to obtain polyurethane mixture;

[0056] Step 3: Pour the polyurethane mixture into a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, cure at 62°C for 7 hours, then raise the temperature to 82°C and continue curing for 11 hours. After demolding, vacuum dry to obtain the polyurethane elastomer composite material.

[0057] Comparative Example 2

[0058] Preparation of polyurethane elastomer composites

[0059] Step 1: Add 40 parts of isophorone diisocyanate to 250 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide, heat to 62°C, add 30 parts of polytetrahydrofuran ether diol and 1 part of dibutyltin dilaurate, and stir continuously at 72°C for 2.5 hours to obtain the prepolymer.

[0060] Step 2: Add 9 parts of phenolic acid modified rubber to the prepolymer, ultrasonically disperse for 12 min, react at 72℃ for 0.7 h, then add 3 parts of 1,2-propanediol, heat to 77℃ and stir for 4 h to obtain polyurethane mixture;

[0061] Step 3: Pour the polyurethane mixture into a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, cure at 62°C for 7 hours, then raise the temperature to 82°C and continue curing for 11 hours. After demolding, vacuum dry to obtain the polyurethane elastomer composite material.

[0062] Comparative Example 3

[0063] Preparation of polyurethane elastomer composites

[0064] Step 1: Add 40 parts of isophorone diisocyanate to 250 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide, heat to 62°C, add 30 parts of polytetrahydrofuran ether diol and 1 part of dibutyltin dilaurate, and stir continuously at 72°C for 2.5 hours to obtain the prepolymer.

[0065] Step 2: Add 9 parts of epoxidized natural rubber and 5.5 parts of quaternized fiber to the prepolymer, ultrasonically disperse for 12 min, react at 72℃ for 0.7 h, then add 3 parts of 1,2-propanediol, heat to 77℃ and stir for 4 h to obtain polyurethane mixture;

[0066] Step 3: Pour the polyurethane mixture into a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, cure at 62°C for 7 hours, then raise the temperature to 82°C and continue curing for 11 hours. After demolding, vacuum dry to obtain the polyurethane elastomer composite material.

[0067] Comparative Example 4

[0068] Preparation of polyurethane elastomer composites

[0069] Step 1: Add 40 parts of isophorone diisocyanate to 250 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide, heat to 62°C, add 30 parts of polytetrahydrofuran ether diol and 1 part of dibutyltin dilaurate, and stir continuously at 72°C for 2.5 hours to obtain the prepolymer.

[0070] Step 2: Add 9 parts of phenolic acid modified rubber and 5.5 parts of carboxylated aramid fiber to the prepolymer, ultrasonically disperse for 12 min, react at 72℃ for 0.7 h, then add 3 parts of 1,2-propanediol, heat to 77℃ and stir for 4 h to obtain polyurethane mixture;

[0071] Step 3: Pour the polyurethane mixture into a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, cure at 62°C for 7 hours, then raise the temperature to 82°C and continue curing for 11 hours. After demolding, vacuum dry to obtain the polyurethane elastomer composite material.

[0072] Performance testing

[0073] The polyurethane elastomer composite materials prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were made into samples that met specifications. The elongation at break and the tensile strength of the samples, as well as the samples aged at 80℃ for 72 hours, were tested using an LJ-500 tensile testing machine to determine the toughness and oxidation resistance of the samples. Impact strength tests were performed on the samples according to standard GB / T1043.1-2008. Antibacterial performance tests were performed on the samples according to standard GB / T31402-2023. Specific test results are shown in the table below:

[0074] Tensile strength / MPa Tensile strength after aging / MPa Elongation at break / % <![CDATA[Impact strength / KJ / m 2 > Antibacterial rate / % Example 1 38.6 34.7 521 24.1 99.8 Example 2 40.3 36.6 556 26.0 99.9 Example 3 37.1 33.0 532 25.3 99.7 Comparative Example 1 29.7 20.9 340 15.2 99.6 Comparative Example 2 26.6 21.2 387 14.6 64.2 Comparative Example 3 34.8 26.3 510 23.8 99.4 Comparative Example 4 36.2 32.0 498 24.0 68.7

[0075] As shown in the table above, the samples prepared in Examples 1-3 all exhibit excellent toughness, tensile strength, and impact resistance, as well as good antioxidant and antibacterial effects. The sample prepared in Comparative Example 1 did not contain phenolic acid modified rubber, so its antioxidant capacity was not as good as that of the Examples, and its toughness and impact resistance were also average. The sample prepared in Comparative Example 2 did not contain quaternized fibers, so its antibacterial performance was poor, and its toughness and impact resistance were average. The sample prepared in Comparative Example 3 directly contained epoxidized natural rubber, so its antioxidant capacity was not as good as that of the Examples. The sample prepared in Comparative Example 4 directly contained carboxylated aramid fibers, so its toughness was good, but its antibacterial performance was average.

[0076] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0077] The above content is merely an example and illustration of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the scope defined by the inventive concept, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polyurethane elastomer composite material, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 35-45 parts diisocyanate, 26-35 parts polyol, 0.5-2 parts catalyst, 8-10 parts phenolic acid modified rubber, 5-6 parts quaternized fiber, 2-4 parts chain extender, and 200-300 parts N,N-dimethylformamide; wherein the phenolic acid modified rubber is obtained by reacting epoxidized natural rubber with protocatechuic acid; wherein the quaternized fiber is obtained by reacting carboxylated aramid fiber with 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride; and wherein the carboxylated aramid fiber is obtained by irradiating aramid fiber with ultraviolet light.

2. The polyurethane elastomer composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diisocyanate is any one of hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and toluene diisocyanate; the polyol is any one of polypentyl adipate, polyethylene glycol, polytetramethylene ether glycol, and polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol; the catalyst is any one of dibutyltin dilaurate and stannous octoate; and the chain extender is any one of 1,4-butanediol, 1,2-propanediol, and ethylene glycol.

3. The polyurethane elastomer composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the phenolic acid modified rubber includes the following steps: Epoxidized natural rubber was placed in N,N-dimethylformamide and thoroughly mixed. Protocatechuic acid and tetrabutylammonium bromide were added, and the mixture was heated to react. After vacuum distillation, the mixture was placed in acetone and stirred thoroughly. Ethanol was added for purification. The precipitate was collected after filtration, washed, and dried to obtain phenolic acid modified rubber.

4. The polyurethane elastomer composite material according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heating reaction is carried out at a temperature of 80-90℃ for 5-6 hours.

5. The polyurethane elastomer composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the quaternized fiber includes the following steps: S1: Soak aramid fibers in acetone for 3-4 hours, filter and remove, dry at 80-90℃, irradiate under ultraviolet light for 20-30 minutes, remove and cut into short fibers of 5-6 mm in length to obtain carboxylated aramid fibers. S2: Soak carboxylated aramid fibers in N,N-dimethylformamide for 1-1.5 hours, add 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride and tetrabutylammonium bromide, heat to 85-95℃ and react for 6-8 hours, filter, wash and vacuum dry to obtain quaternized fibers.

6. The polyurethane elastomer composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S1, the wavelength of the ultraviolet lamp is 280-350nm.

7. The production process of a polyurethane elastomer composite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Add diisocyanate to N,N-dimethylformamide, heat to 60-65℃, add polyol and catalyst, and continue stirring to react and obtain prepolymer; Step 2: Add phenolic acid modified rubber and quaternized fiber to the prepolymer, ultrasonically disperse for 10-15 min, react at 70-75℃ for 0.5-0.8 h, continue to add chain extender, heat to 75-80℃ and stir to react for 3-5 h to obtain polyurethane mixture; Step 3: Pour the polyurethane mixture into a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, allow it to cure in stages, demold, and vacuum dry to obtain a polyurethane elastomer composite material.

8. The production process of a polyurethane elastomer composite material according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step one, the temperature of the continuous stirring reaction is 70-75℃, and the time is 2-3 hours.

9. The production process of a polyurethane elastomer composite material according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step three, the step curing specifically involves curing at 60-65℃ for 6-8 hours, followed by raising the temperature to 80-85℃ and continuing curing for 10-12 hours.

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