A device for reducing ilmenite dust ash by microwave energy, plasma energy and biomimetic flow field

Abstract

This invention discloses a device for the synergistic reduction of titanium-iron dust using microwave energy, plasma energy, and a biomimetic flow field, relating to the fields of microwave metallurgy and solid waste resource utilization. The device includes a biomimetic spiral reaction assembly and a fractal branching gas distribution assembly. The biomimetic spiral reaction assembly comprises a biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder, a biomimetic spiral body, multiple microwave generators, a plasma exciter, and a SiC catalytic auxiliary sphere. The fractal branching gas distribution assembly includes a distribution gas disk, multi-stage branching pipes, and an array of gas distribution holes. The spiral angle of the biomimetic spiral body controls the rotation and upward movement of the gas-solid two-phase flow, increasing the heating time of particles in the standing wave field and eliminating temperature differences. Ni sites on the surface of the catalytic auxiliary sphere adsorb hydrogen free radicals dissociated from the plasma, which are then transferred to the powder surface via "overflow," overcoming the gas film limitation. Plasma provides chemical activation energy, and microwaves provide bulk thermal energy; the two fields synergistically reduce temperature. Fractal gas distribution and pulse control significantly reduce reducing gas waste and improve reducing gas utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of microwave metallurgy and solid waste resource utilization technology, specifically to a device for the synergistic reduction of titanium-iron dust using microwave energy, plasma energy and biomimetic flow field. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional fluidized bed reduction of ferroilite has the following technical problems: Uneven heating: Traditional external heating can easily generate a bed temperature difference of 50-100℃, leading to local overheating or uneven reduction.

[0003] Low utilization rate: The utilization rate of reducing gas is usually less than 50%, and a large amount of hydrogen is lost with the exhaust gas.

[0004] Mass transfer is limited: the surface gas film resistance of ultrafine powders of 1-15μm is large, and conventional fluidization methods are difficult to overcome the mass transfer bottleneck.

[0005] Insufficient utilization of field effect: Existing microwave reactors lack precise control over the synchronization of flow field and electromagnetic field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide a device for the synergistic reduction of titanium-iron dust using microwave energy, plasma energy, and biomimetic flow field, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a device for synergistically reducing titanium-iron dust using microwave energy, plasma energy, and a biomimetic flow field, comprising: A biomimetic spiral reaction assembly includes a biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder and a biomimetic spiral body disposed within the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder. The interior of the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder, from bottom to top, comprises a biomimetic spiral reaction zone and an enlarged settling zone. Multiple microwave generators and a plasma exciter connected to the biomimetic spiral reaction zone are spaced apart on the exterior of the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder. The inner diameter of the enlarged settling zone increases progressively and is larger than the inner diameter of the biomimetic spiral reaction zone. A multidimensional microwave resonant cavity is provided between the microwave generators and the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder to form a uniform standing wave field. The biomimetic spiral body ascends in a spiral pattern and is covered with SiC catalytic auxiliary spheres. The fractal branch gas distribution assembly includes a distribution gas disk located at the bottom of the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder and a multi-stage branch pipe connected to the distribution gas disk; the distribution gas disk is provided with an array of gas distribution holes; the multi-stage branch pipe is provided with a main air inlet pipe; external titanium iron dust enters the biomimetic spiral reaction zone and mixes with the external reducing gas that enters the biomimetic spiral reaction zone from the gas distribution hole array at a pulse frequency, and then spirals upward.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the interior of the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder is hollow to form a biomimetic spiral reaction zone. The bottom two sides of the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder are respectively provided with an inlet and an outlet communicating with the biomimetic spiral reaction zone, and the top two sides of the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder are respectively provided with an exhaust port.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the top end of the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder is provided with an expansion cylinder, the inner diameter of which increases from one end adjacent to the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the helix angle of the biomimetic helix is ​​20°.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the microwave power at the microwave generator is 2.5 kW / kg; the plasma power density generated by the plasma exciter is 0.5 kW / kg.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the pulse frequency of the external reducing gas is 0.8 Hz.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the multi-stage branch pipe includes multiple sets of primary air path branches connected to the main air intake pipe and multiple sets of secondary air path branches connected to the primary air path branches; the secondary air path branches are connected to the air distribution hole array.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: By setting up a biomimetic spiral reactor, which contains a biomimetic spiral body, the spiral angle of the biomimetic spiral body is used to control the rotation and upward movement of the gas-solid two-phase flow, increasing the heating time of particles in the standing wave field and eliminating temperature differences. The Ni sites on the surface of the catalytic auxiliary sphere adsorb hydrogen free radicals after plasma dissociation, which are transferred to the powder surface through "overflow" and overcome the gas film limitation. The plasma provides chemical activation energy, and the microwave provides bulk thermal energy, and the two fields work together to reduce the temperature. Through the distribution of gas disks, multi-level branching pipes, fractal gas distribution of gas distribution hole array and pulse control, the waste of reducing gas is greatly reduced and the utilization rate of reducing gas is improved, which solves the problem of easy agglomeration and difficult reduction of ultrafine powders in traditional fluidized beds. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder for a device of the present invention that utilizes microwave energy, plasma energy and biomimetic flow field to synergistically reduce titanium-iron dust. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fractal branch gas distribution component of a device for synergistically reducing titanium-iron dust using microwave energy, plasma energy, and biomimetic flow field according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is another overall schematic diagram of the fractal branch gas distribution component of the device for synergistically reducing titanium iron dust using microwave energy, plasma energy and biomimetic flow field according to the present invention. Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Bionic spiral reactor; 2. Bionic spiral body; 3. Bionic spiral reaction zone; 4. Enlarged section settling zone; 5. Microwave generator; 6. Plasma exciter; 7. Multidimensional microwave resonant cavity; 8. SiC catalytic auxiliary sphere; 9. Gas distribution plate; 10. Multi-stage branching pipe; 1001. Primary gas path branching; 1002. Secondary gas path branching; 11. Gas distribution hole array; 12. Main air inlet pipe; 13. Feed inlet; 14. Discharge outlet; 15. Exhaust outlet; 16. Enlarged cylinder; 17. Ring cylinder; 18. Pulse air intake device. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0017] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 , 2 The present invention provides a device for synergistically reducing titanium-iron soot using microwave energy, plasma energy and biomimetic flow field, comprising a biomimetic spiral reaction component and a fractal branch gas distribution component.

[0018] The biomimetic spiral reaction assembly includes a biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder 1 and a biomimetic spiral body 2 disposed within the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder 1. Inside the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder 1, from bottom to top, are arranged a biomimetic spiral reaction zone 3 and an enlarged section settling zone 4. Multiple microwave generators 5 and plasma exciters 6 connected to the biomimetic spiral reaction zone 3 are spaced apart on the outside of the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder 1. The inner diameter of the enlarged section settling zone 4 increases progressively and is larger than the inner diameter of the biomimetic spiral reaction zone 3. A multidimensional microwave resonant cavity 7 is provided between the microwave generators 5 and the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder 1. To form a uniform standing wave field; the biomimetic spiral 2 spirals upward and is covered with SiC catalytic auxiliary spheres 8; the fractal branch gas distribution assembly includes a distribution gas disk 9 set at the bottom of the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder 1 and a multi-stage branch pipe 10 connected to the distribution gas disk 9. The distribution gas disk 9 is provided with a gas distribution hole array 11, and the multi-stage branch pipe 10 is provided with a main air inlet pipe 12. External titanium iron dust enters the biomimetic spiral reaction zone 3 and mixes with the external reducing gas that enters the biomimetic spiral reaction zone 3 from the gas distribution hole array 11 at a pulse frequency, and then spirals upward.

[0019] Further, see Figure 1The interior of the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder 1 is hollow, forming a biomimetic spiral reaction zone 3. The bottom two sides of the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder 1 are respectively provided with a feed port 13 and a discharge port 14 that communicate with the biomimetic spiral reaction zone 3. The top two sides of the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder 1 are respectively provided with exhaust ports 15.

[0020] Preferably, the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder 1 is a hollow cylinder with openings at both ends.

[0021] Further, see Figure 1 The top of the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder 1 is provided with an expansion cylinder 16, and the inner diameter of the expansion cylinder 16 increases from one end near the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder 1.

[0022] Preferably, the expanding cylinder 16 is a hollow frustum structure with openings at both ends. The lower end of the expanding cylinder 16 is fixedly connected to the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder 1. The larger end of the expanding cylinder 16 is also fixedly provided with an annular cylinder 17, and the exhaust port 15 is located on both sides of the top of the annular cylinder 17.

[0023] Preferably, the hollow interior of the enlarged cylinder 16 forms an enlarged section settlement zone 4.

[0024] Further, see Figure 1 The biomimetic helical body 2 has a helix angle of 20°. After the titanium iron dust (particle size 1-15μm) enters the reactor, under the guidance of the internal 20° helix angle, the gas-solid two-phase flow rises in a swirling manner. This step aims to extend the path of the particles in the microwave standing wave field, ensure uniform heating of the material, eliminate the temperature difference present in traditional fluidized beds, and use SiC catalytic auxiliary spheres 8 to overcome the gas film resistance on the surface of 1-15μm particles.

[0025] Preferably, the biomimetic spiral 2 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder 1, which increases the trajectory length of the particles in the standing wave field and achieves highly uniform thermal mass.

[0026] Further, see Figure 1 The microwave power at microwave generator 5 is 2.5 kW / kg, and the plasma power density generated by plasma exciter 6 is 0.5 kW / kg.

[0027] The microwave power at microwave generator 5 is 2.5 kW / kg, providing the power for bulk heating; the plasma power density is 0.5 kW / kg, providing chemical activation energy. Within the reaction zone, microwaves provide bulk thermal energy, and plasma provides chemical activation energy. The dual fields work together to reduce the temperature by more than 200°C. At the same time, the hydrogen free radicals dissociated from the plasma are transferred to the powder surface from the Ni sites on the surface of SiC catalytic auxiliary sphere 8 through the "hydrogen overflow" effect. This process directly overcomes the gas film mass transfer resistance on the surface of extremely fine particles.

[0028] Further, see Figure 1The pulse frequency of the external reducing gas is 0.8Hz, which, combined with fractal gas distribution, optimizes the airflow distribution.

[0029] Further, see Figure 2 , 3 The multi-stage branch pipe 10 includes multiple sets of primary air path branches 1001 connected to the main air intake pipe 12, and multiple sets of secondary air path branches 1002 connected to the primary air path branches 1001. The secondary air path branches 1002 are connected to the air distribution hole array 11.

[0030] Preferably, the main air inlet pipe 12 is equipped with a pulse air inlet device 18. The reducing gas enters through the fractal gas distribution network at the bottom and is injected in conjunction with a specific pulse frequency. This method achieves uniform distribution of the reducing gas at the molecular level, which is the key to improving hydrogen utilization. Through fractal gas distribution and pulse control, the waste of reducing gas is greatly reduced. The reduced material (the reduction time is only 3-5 minutes) is rapidly cooled. Since the iron powder obtained from the reduction has a sponge-like microporous structure, high-grade metallic iron powder can be obtained through downstream magnetic separation. The concentrate after magnetic separation has a high separation degree, with Fe > 92%.

[0031] In this embodiment, the operation of the device first involves quantitatively feeding titanium-iron dust with a particle size of 1-15 μm into the biomimetic spiral reaction zone 3 through the feed inlet 13. The microwave generator 5 is then activated, and microwave energy rapidly penetrates the material, forming a uniform standing wave field within the multidimensional microwave resonant cavity 7, providing the bulk thermal energy required for the reaction. The fractal pulsed gas distribution and airflow evolution reducer (H2) enters the main inlet pipe 12 through the pulsed gas inlet device 18 at the bottom. After passing through the primary gas path branch 1001 and the secondary gas path branch 1002, it finally overflows through the array of gas distribution holes on the distribution plate 9. This fractal structure ensures a highly uniform distribution of the reducer at the molecular level. Combined with a 0.8 Hz pulse frequency injection, this significantly increases the contact probability between hydrogen and the ultrafine powder, achieving an H2 utilization rate of 94.5%. The dense airflow and dust particles entering the reaction zone during the biomimetic swirling and synergistic reduction process, guided by an internal 20° spiral angle, form an upward gas-solid two-phase swirling flow, significantly increasing the swirling trajectory. The process extends the contact time of particles in the microwave field, ensuring uniform heating of the material and eliminating bed temperature differences. During this process, the chemical activation energy provided by the plasma and the microwave thermal energy work together to form a field effect coupling. The hydrogen free radicals after dissociation are adsorbed and dissociated by the Ni sites on the surface of the SiC catalytic auxiliary sphere 8. The surface gas film resistance of the ultrafine powder is overcome through the "hydrogen overflow" effect to achieve efficient reduction. When the gas-solid mixture rises to the settling zone 4 of the expansion section, the airflow velocity drops rapidly due to the increase in the cross-sectional area of ​​the reactor. The unreacted raw materials and heavier particles are separated from the airflow under the action of gravity and return to the central area of ​​the reactor to continue to participate in the reaction, forming a local circulating fluidization. The water vapor generated by the reaction and a small amount of unreacted H2 are discharged through the exhaust port 15 at the top. The spongy microporous iron powder after the reduction roasting is collected and discharged through the discharge port 14. After subsequent rapid cooling and downstream magnetic separation, the iron grade of the concentrate can reach more than 92%, and the metallization rate is as high as 96.8%.

[0032] High magnetic separation rate: With a spiral angle of 20°, microwave power of 2.5kW / kg, and plasma power density of 0.5kW / kg, the iron powder obtained from reduction has a uniform particle size and a sponge-like microporous structure.

[0033] High utilization rate: With a pulse frequency of 0.8Hz and fractal gas distribution, the utilization rate of H2 in the reducing gas reaches 94.5%, and there is basically no pollution emission in the exhaust gas.

[0034] Ultra-fine material processing: For 3μm dust, the Fe metallization rate reaches 96.8%.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for synergistically reducing titanium-iron dust using microwave energy, plasma energy, and a biomimetic flow field, characterized in that, include: A biomimetic spiral reaction assembly includes a biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder (1) and a biomimetic spiral body (2) disposed inside the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder (1). The biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder (1) is provided with a biomimetic spiral reaction zone (3) and an enlarged section settling zone (4) from bottom to top. Multiple microwave generators (5) and a plasma exciter (6) connected to the biomimetic spiral reaction zone (3) are provided at intervals on the outside of the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder (1). The inner diameter of the enlarged section settling zone (4) increases and is larger than the inner diameter of the biomimetic spiral reaction zone (3). A multidimensional microwave resonant cavity (7) is provided between the microwave generator (5) and the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder (1) to form a uniform standing wave field. The biomimetic spiral body (2) is spirally ascending and is covered with SiC catalytic auxiliary spheres. The fractal branch gas distribution assembly includes a distribution gas disk (9) set at the bottom of the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder (1) and a multi-stage branch pipe (10) connected to the distribution gas disk (9); the distribution gas disk (9) is provided with a gas distribution hole array (11); the multi-stage branch pipe (10) is provided with a main air inlet pipe (12); external titanium iron dust enters the biomimetic spiral reaction zone (3) and mixes with the external reducing gas that enters the biomimetic spiral reaction zone (3) from the gas distribution hole array (11) at a pulse frequency and then spirals upward.

2. The device for synergistically reducing titanium-iron dust using microwave energy, plasma energy, and biomimetic flow field as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the bionic spiral reaction cylinder (1) is hollow to form a bionic spiral reaction zone (3). The bottom two sides of the bionic spiral reaction cylinder (1) are respectively provided with a feed inlet (13) and a discharge outlet (14) communicating with the bionic spiral reaction zone (3). The top two sides of the bionic spiral reaction cylinder (1) are respectively provided with exhaust outlets (15).

3. The device for synergistic reduction of titanium-iron dust using microwave energy, plasma energy, and biomimetic flow field according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder (1) is provided with an expansion cylinder (16), and the inner diameter of the expansion cylinder (16) increases from one end adjacent to the biomimetic spiral reaction cylinder (1).

4. The device for synergistic reduction of titanium-iron fume using microwave energy, plasma energy, and biomimetic flow field according to claim 3, characterized in that: The helix angle of the biomimetic helix (2) is 20°.

5. The device for synergistic reduction of titanium-iron dust using microwave energy, plasma energy, and biomimetic flow field according to claim 4, characterized in that: The microwave power at the microwave generator (5) is 2.5 kW / kg; the plasma power density generated by the plasma exciter (6) is 0.5 kW / kg.

6. The device for synergistically reducing titanium-iron dust using microwave energy, plasma energy, and biomimetic flow field according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pulse frequency of the external reducing gas is 0.8 Hz.

7. The device for synergistic reduction of titanium-iron dust using microwave energy, plasma energy, and biomimetic flow field according to claim 6, characterized in that: The multi-stage branch pipe (10) includes multiple sets of primary air path branches (1001) connected to the main air intake pipe (12) and multiple sets of secondary air path branches (1002) connected to the primary air path branches (1001); the secondary air path branches (1002) are connected to the air distribution hole array (11).

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