A low-odor PVC leather and its preparation method

Abstract

This application provides a low-odor PVC leather and its preparation method, relating to the field of artificial leather. The low-odor PVC leather comprises a surface layer and a foaming layer stacked sequentially. The surface layer, by weight, comprises: 100 parts of first PVC powder, 30-130 parts of first plasticizer, 2-5 parts of first stabilizer, 0-50 parts of first filler, 1-10 parts of first mesoporous material, and 0.5-10 parts of first colorant. The foaming layer, by weight, comprises: 100 parts of second PVC powder, 30-130 parts of second plasticizer, 2-5 parts of second stabilizer, 1-5 parts of foaming agent, 0-100 parts of second filler, 1-10 parts of second mesoporous material, and 0.5-10 parts of second colorant. The low-odor PVC leather, by introducing the first and second mesoporous materials, effectively achieves the adsorption and enrichment of odor substances. Combined with a "water pretreatment-microwave radiation-ultrasonic water mist cleaning" process, it achieves highly efficient odor removal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of artificial leather, and more particularly to a low-odor PVC leather and a method for preparing the same. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the enclosed space, direct sunlight, and high temperatures, the interior of a car is prone to developing unpleasant odors. Among these, automotive interior leather, which covers a large area of ​​the interior, is a major source of odor. During the production process of automotive interior leather, small molecules and other odor-causing substances are easily generated, evaporating and releasing unpleasant smells that affect the physiological senses and health of drivers and passengers. Therefore, the formulation and manufacturing process of extremely low-odor automotive interior products are of practical significance.

[0003] The current deodorization process for automotive interior leather products is high-temperature baking, which involves placing the finished leather products in a high-temperature oven for an extended period of time to allow small-molecule odor substances to evaporate, thereby reducing the odor level. However, this high-temperature baking inevitably affects the product's physical and chemical properties, accelerating its aging. Furthermore, excessively high baking temperatures can easily cause the automotive interior to develop a glue-like or burnt smell.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a low-odor PVC leather to solve the problems of product performance degradation, high energy consumption, and low odor removal efficiency caused by odor removal during the production process of the aforementioned automotive interior products. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a low-odor PVC leather and a method for preparing the same, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this application provides a low-odor PVC leather, comprising a surface layer and a foam layer stacked sequentially; The raw materials of the surface layer, by weight, include: 100 parts of first PVC powder, 30-130 parts of first plasticizer, 2-5 parts of first stabilizer, 0-50 parts of first filler, 1-10 parts of first mesoporous material, and 0.5-10 parts of first colorant; The raw materials of the foamed layer, by weight, include: 100 parts of second PVC powder, 30-130 parts of second plasticizer, 2-5 parts of second stabilizer, 1-5 parts of foaming agent, 0-100 parts of second filler, 1-10 parts of second mesoporous material, and 0.5-10 parts of second colorant.

[0007] Optionally, the first plasticizer and the second plasticizer each independently include one or more of DIDP, DPHP, and DINP.

[0008] Optionally, the first stabilizer and the second stabilizer each independently include one or more of calcium-zinc stabilizers, zinc stearate, and barium stearate.

[0009] Optionally, the first filler and the second filler each independently include one or more of calcium carbonate, talc, and mica.

[0010] Optionally, the first mesoporous material and the second mesoporous material each independently include one or more of zeolite, mesoporous silica, carbon nanotubes, diatomite, porous carbon, and hydrotalcite.

[0011] Optionally, the first mesoporous material and the second mesoporous material each independently include zeolite and / or hydrotalcite.

[0012] Optionally, the foaming agent includes ADC and / or OBSH.

[0013] And / or, the thickness ratio of the surface layer to the foamed layer is 0.12-0.3:0.5-1.2.

[0014] A second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing the aforementioned low-odor PVC leather, comprising: Provide semi-finished products that include a foam layer and a surface layer; The semi-finished product is immersed in water for soaking and squeezing to obtain moist leather; The moistened leather is subjected to microwave heating, ultrasonic water mist cleaning, and drying to obtain low-odor PVC leather.

[0015] Optionally, the impregnation temperature is 20-40°C and the time is 8-60 seconds; And / or, the microwave heating operates at a frequency of 915-2450MHz, a power of 5-35kW, and a time of 0.5-3 minutes; And / or, the temperature of the moistened leather subjected to the microwave heating is 100-120°C.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application include: The low-odor PVC leather provided in this application effectively achieves the adsorption and enrichment of odor substances by introducing a first mesoporous material and a second mesoporous material into the formula. When combined with the "water pretreatment-microwave radiation-ultrasonic water mist cleaning" process equipment, the efficiency of odor removal can be effectively improved, energy consumption can be reduced, and the product performance is not degraded by long-term high temperature, resulting in better mechanical properties and aging performance.

[0017] Compared to traditional high-temperature baking, which requires baking in an oven at around 100 degrees Celsius for about half an hour to effectively remove odors, this method for preparing low-odor PVC leather uses polar molecules such as water as a medium. The positive and negative charge centers within these molecules do not coincide, forming tiny electric dipoles that are randomly arranged in the absence of an external electric field. Microwave heating, under this high-frequency electric field, forces the polar molecules to rotate and rearrange at high speed to conform to the field direction. However, due to intermolecular adhesion and other interactions, this high-speed turning motion is hindered. The electromagnetic field generates intense friction, converting the kinetic energy into molecular thermal energy, causing the leather to heat up rapidly in a short time. This facilitates the rapid evaporation of concentrated odor substances onto the leather surface. Ultrasonic water mist cleaning then utilizes the cavitation effect and acoustic flow generated by high-frequency sound waves in the liquid to achieve highly efficient cleaning of the surface and tiny crevices. This method not only improves the efficiency of odor removal but also reduces energy consumption, offering significant economic and environmental advantages. Furthermore, since low-odor PVC leather has not undergone prolonged high-temperature baking, its product performance has not been degraded by high temperatures, resulting in superior mechanical and aging properties. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope of this application.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the "water pretreatment-microwave radiation-ultrasonic water mist cleaning" process equipment provided in this application. Figure 2 A photograph of the low-odor PVC leather provided in Example 1.

[0020] Explanation of key component symbols: 100 - Unwinder; 200 - Water treatment unit; 300 - Microwave heating device; 400 - Ultrasonic water mist cleaner; 500 - Normal temperature air dryer; 600 - Winder. Detailed Implementation

[0021] First, the solution provided in this application will be explained in more detail as follows: The first aspect of this application provides a low-odor PVC leather, comprising a surface layer and a foam layer stacked sequentially; The raw materials of the surface layer, by weight, include: 100 parts of first PVC powder, 30-130 parts of first plasticizer, 2-5 parts of first stabilizer, 0-50 parts of first filler, 1-10 parts of first mesoporous material, and 0.5-10 parts of first colorant; Optionally, the raw materials for the surface layer, by weight, may include: a first plasticizer of any value between 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130 parts or 30-130 parts; a first stabilizer of any value between 2, 3, 4, 5 parts or 2-5 parts; and a first filler of any value between 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 parts. The first mesoporous material can be any value between 1 and 10 parts, or 30, 35, 40, 45, 50 parts, or 0-50 parts; the first mesoporous material can be any value between 1 and 10 parts, or 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 parts; and the first colorant can be any value between 0.5 and 10 parts, or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 parts. The raw materials of the foamed layer, by weight, include: 100 parts of second PVC powder, 30-130 parts of second plasticizer, 2-5 parts of second stabilizer, 1-5 parts of foaming agent, 0-100 parts of second filler, 1-10 parts of second mesoporous material, and 0.5-10 parts of second colorant.

[0022] Optionally, the raw materials of the foamed layer, by weight, include: a second plasticizer that can be any value between 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130 parts or 30-130 parts; a second stabilizer that can be any value between 2, 3, 4, 5 parts or 2-5 parts; a foaming agent that can be any value between 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 parts or 1-5 parts; and a second filler that can be 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, or 30 parts. The second mesoporous material can be any value between 0 and 100 parts, such as 35 parts, 40 parts, 45 parts, 50 parts, 55 parts, 60 parts, 65 parts, 70 parts, 75 parts, 80 parts, 85 parts, 90 parts, 95 parts, 100 parts, or 0-100 parts. The second colorant can be any value between 1 and 10 parts, such as 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, or 1-10 parts.

[0023] It is important to note that the surface layer + foam layer structure mainly serves to balance function and feel: the surface layer is responsible for providing wear resistance, scratch resistance, feel, and appearance; while the foam layer mainly provides softness, elasticity, and some shock absorption and sound insulation.

[0024] It should also be noted that the use of first and second mesoporous materials for the enrichment of odor substances can effectively enrich the odor substances generated during production.

[0025] In some embodiments, the first plasticizer and the second plasticizer each independently include one or more of DIDP, DPHP, and DINP.

[0026] In some embodiments, the first stabilizer and the second stabilizer each independently include one or more of calcium-zinc stabilizers, zinc stearate, and barium stearate.

[0027] In some embodiments, the first filler and the second filler each independently include one or more of calcium carbonate, talc, and mica.

[0028] In some embodiments, the first mesoporous material and the second mesoporous material each independently include one or more of zeolite, mesoporous silica, carbon nanotubes, diatomaceous earth, porous carbon, and hydrotalcite.

[0029] Preferably, the first mesoporous material and the second mesoporous material each independently comprise zeolite and / or hydrotalcite.

[0030] It should be noted that the molecular formula of hydrotalcite is Mg6Al2(OH). 16 CO3·4H2O forms a main layer-intermediate layer-main layer structure, with some water of crystallization present in the remaining spaces between the layers; the general chemical formula of zeolite is: A m B p O 2p ·nH2O has a framework structure, and many cavities are formed in the middle of the crystal, where many water molecules exist.

[0031] In some embodiments, the blowing agent includes ADC and / or OBSH.

[0032] And / or, the thickness ratio of the surface layer to the foamed layer is 0.12-0.3:0.5-1.2.

[0033] Optionally, the thickness ratio of the surface layer to the foam layer can be any value between 0.12:0.5, 0.2:0.5, 0.3:0.5, 0.2:0.7, 0.2:1, 0.2:1.2 or 0.12-0.3:0.5-1.2.

[0034] A second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing the aforementioned low-odor PVC leather, comprising: Provide semi-finished products that include a foam layer and a surface layer; In some embodiments, the method for preparing the semi-finished product includes: The raw materials for the foaming layer are sequentially subjected to the first batching, first mixing, first intensive mixing, first open milling, calendering or coating onto the fabric base surface, first cooling and winding to obtain the foaming layer to be foamed. The raw materials for the surface layer are sequentially subjected to a second batching, a second mixing, a second internal mixing, a second open milling, calendering or coating onto the surface of the layer to be foamed, and a second cooling and winding to obtain the layer to be treated. The layer to be processed is foamed, printed, and surface-treated. The semi-finished product is immersed in water for soaking and squeezing to obtain moist leather; It should be noted that when semi-finished products are immersed in water and subjected to soaking and squeezing, some odor substances in the semi-finished products are easily soluble in water, which promotes the rapid separation of odor substances from the semi-finished products. The moistened leather is subjected to microwave heating, ultrasonic water mist cleaning, and drying to obtain low-odor PVC leather.

[0035] It is important to note that the leather, after being heated by microwave, is dissolved and cleaned by water mist formed by ultrasound, and then rolled up to obtain the final low-odor automotive PVC leather product. For the high-boiling-point substances that evaporate onto the surface (these high-boiling-point substances refer to volatile organic compounds such as organic amines, alcohols, and cyanate derivatives, as well as CO and CO2 that evaporate from the moist leather), ultrasonically atomized water mist is used to dissolve and clean them, thereby achieving the final purpose of deodorization.

[0036] It should also be noted that microwave heating is used, which uses water molecules or zeolite water to heat the leather quickly, causing odorous substances to evaporate onto the leather surface.

[0037] It is important to note that when adding mesoporous materials to low-odor automotive PVC leather, some of these materials contain water, and their porous structure helps to better provide moisture. The deodorization process employs a combination of water pretreatment, microwave radiation, and ultrasonic water mist cleaning.

[0038] In some embodiments, the impregnation temperature is 20-40°C and the time is 8-60 seconds; Optionally, the immersion temperature can be any value between 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, 40°C or 20-40°C, and the time can be any value between 8s, 10s, 15s, 20s, 25s, 30s, 35s, 40s, 45s, 50s, 55s, 60s or 8-60s; It should be noted that the water treatment unit can be carried out in a constant temperature water bath. The purpose of soaking is to allow the leather surface and interior to absorb water evenly and appropriately. Water molecules penetrate into the pores of the leather and the nanopores of the mesoporous material. After the water is removed, the dual rollers squeeze to remove excess water droplets from the leather surface and reduce energy consumption. And / or, the microwave heating operates at a frequency of 915-2450MHz, a power of 5-35kW, and a time of 0.5-3 minutes; Optionally, the microwave heating operating frequency can be any value between 915 MHz, 1000 MHz, 1500 MHz, 2000 MHz, 2450 MHz or 915-2450 MHz, the power can be any value between 5 kW, 10 kW, 15 kW, 20 kW, 25 kW, 30 kW, 35 kW or 5-35 kW, and the time can be any value between 0.5 minutes, 1 minute, 1.5 minutes, 2 minutes, 2.5 minutes, 3 minutes or 0.5-3 minutes; It should be noted that the moistened leather after water pretreatment enters the microwave heating device for microwave heating; preferably, the transmission distance between the water treatment unit and the inlet of the microwave heating device should be as short as possible to prevent water evaporation. In the microwave field, the polar water molecules in the leather become the main energy absorbers. The water molecules swing and rub violently in the alternating electromagnetic field, generating a bulk heating effect, which causes the internal temperature of the leather to rise rapidly to over 100°C in a short time, thereby heating the leather and causing odor molecules to volatilize to the surface. And / or, the temperature of the moistened leather subjected to the microwave heating is 100-120°C.

[0039] Optionally, the temperature at which the moistened leather is microwaved can be any value between 100°C, 105°C, 110°C, 115°C, 120°C, or 100-120°C.

[0040] It should be noted that this application introduces mesoporous materials and uses microwave radiation to remove odors. The odors are concentrated and adsorbed by the mesoporous materials, then evaporated by microwave radiation heating, and finally dissolved and cleaned by water mist formed by ultrasonic waves. This achieves a more complete and effective odor removal without deteriorating the materials themselves.

[0041] This application employs a "water pretreatment-microwave radiation-ultrasonic water mist cleaning" process for odor removal, specifically including an unwinding machine 100, a water treatment unit 200, a microwave heating device 300, an ultrasonic water mist cleaner 400, a room temperature air dryer 500, and a winding machine 600, as detailed below. Figure 1 As shown.

[0042] Water pretreatment step: The semi-finished product, comprising a foam layer and a surface layer, produced through the aforementioned processes, is guided at a certain speed through a water treatment unit 200 by an unwinding machine 100. The semi-finished product is subjected to double-roller extrusion in the water and after exiting the water. The water treatment unit 200 can be a constant-temperature water tank, the purpose of which is to ensure that the leather surface and interior absorb moisture evenly and appropriately. Water molecules penetrate into the macropores of the leather and the nanopores of the mesoporous material. The double-roller extrusion after exiting the water aims to remove excess water droplets from the leather surface.

[0043] Microwave radiation desorption step: The moistened leather, after water pretreatment, immediately enters the microwave heating device 300. Preferably, the transmission distance between the water treatment unit 200 and the inlet of the microwave heating device 300 should be as short as possible to prevent moisture evaporation. In the microwave field, the polar water molecules in the leather become the main energy absorbers. The water molecules oscillate and rub violently in the alternating electromagnetic field, generating a bulk heating effect, causing the internal temperature of the leather to rise rapidly to over 100°C in a short time. This heats the leather, causing odor molecules to volatilize to the surface. The leather exiting the microwave heating device 300 is then sequentially passed through an ultrasonic water mist cleaning machine 400 and a room temperature air dryer 500 to obtain low-odor PVC leather. Finally, the low-odor PVC leather is wound up by a winding machine 600.

[0044] The implementation schemes of this application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments are only for illustrating this application and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of this application. Unless otherwise specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer shall apply. Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturers are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0045] Example 1 The first aspect of this embodiment provides a low-odor PVC leather, comprising a surface layer and a foam layer stacked sequentially.

[0046] The ingredients for the surface layer, by weight, include: PVC powder: 100 parts; Plasticizer: DINP, 80 parts; Stabilizer: Calcium-zinc stabilizer, 3 parts; Filler: Calcium carbonate, 25 parts; Mesoporous material: zeolite, 5 parts; Colorant: Carbon black, 3 parts.

[0047] The raw materials for the foam layer, by weight, include: PVC powder: 100 parts; Plasticizer: DINP, 80 parts; Stabilizer: Calcium-Zinc, 3 parts; Foaming agent: 3 parts; Filler: Calcium carbonate, 50 parts; Mesoporous material: Porous carbon, 5 parts; Colorant: Carbon black, 3 parts.

[0048] The second aspect of this embodiment provides a method for preparing low-odor PVC leather, specifically as follows: S1: The raw materials for the foaming layer are sequentially prepared, mixed, intensively kneaded, open-milled, calendered onto the surface of the fabric base, cooled and rolled up to obtain the foaming layer; the raw materials for the surface layer are sequentially prepared, mixed, intensively kneaded, open-milled, calendered onto the surface of the foaming layer, cooled and rolled up to obtain the layer to be treated; the layer to be treated is foamed, printed and surface treated to obtain a semi-finished product; S2: The semi-finished leather is guided through a constant temperature water tank at a speed of 5 meters per minute. The water tank is equipped with guide rollers to ensure that the leather is completely submerged in water. The soaking time is about 12 seconds. After being taken out of the water, the semi-finished product immediately passes through a pair of squeezing rollers to effectively remove a large number of free water droplets attached to the surface of the leather, resulting in moist leather. S3: The squeezed and moistened leather is transferred into a microwave heating device with a 1-meter distance between the inlets and outlets. The microwave device operates at a frequency of 2450MHz and a power of 30kW. The moistened leather travels in the microwave field for 2 minutes, causing the leather body temperature to rise rapidly to 105-115℃ in a short time. S4: After being deodorized by microwave, the leather is guided through an ultrasonic water mist cleaning unit. This unit atomizes deionized water into micron-sized water mist using ultrasonic waves and sprays it evenly onto the warm leather surface. After the surface moisture is removed by hot air drying, the leather is rolled up to obtain the final low-odor PVC leather.

[0049] The actual photo of the low-odor PVC leather is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0050] Example 2 The first aspect of this embodiment provides a low-odor PVC leather, comprising a surface layer and a foam layer stacked sequentially.

[0051] The ingredients for the surface layer, by weight, include: PVC powder: 100 parts; Plasticizer (DPHP): 85 parts; Stabilizer (calcium-zinc composite stabilizer): 4 parts; Filler (talc): 10 parts; Mesoporous material (mesoporous silica): 2 parts; Colorant (titanium dioxide): 8 parts; The raw materials for the foam layer, by weight, include: PVC powder (emulsion method, paste resin): 100 parts; Plasticizer (DPHP): 85 parts; Stabilizer (calcium-zinc composite stabilizer): 4 parts; Blowing agent (OBSH): 1.5 parts; Filler (talc powder, 800 mesh): 30 parts; Mesoporous material (mesoporous silica): 2 parts; Colorant (titanium dioxide): 8 parts.

[0052] The second aspect of this embodiment provides a method for preparing low-odor PVC leather, specifically as follows: S1: The raw materials for the foaming layer are sequentially prepared, mixed, intensively kneaded, open-milled, calendered onto the surface of the fabric base, cooled and rolled up to obtain the foaming layer; the raw materials for the surface layer are sequentially prepared, mixed, intensively kneaded, open-milled, calendered onto the surface of the foaming layer, cooled and rolled up to obtain the layer to be treated; the layer to be treated is foamed, printed and surface treated to obtain a semi-finished product; S2: The semi-finished leather is guided through a 35°C constant temperature water tank at a speed of 8 meters / minute. The water tank is equipped with guide rollers to ensure that the leather is completely submerged in water. The soaking time is about 9 seconds. After being taken out of the water, the semi-finished product immediately passes through a pair of squeezing rollers to effectively remove a large number of free water droplets attached to the surface of the leather, resulting in moist leather. S3: The squeezed and moistened leather is transferred into a microwave heating device. The inlet of the two devices is 1 meter apart. The microwave device operates at a frequency of 2450MHz and a power of 25kW. The moistened leather travels in the microwave field for 30 seconds, causing the temperature of the leather body to rise rapidly to 110-120℃ in a short time. S4: After being deodorized by microwave, the leather is guided through an ultrasonic water mist cleaning unit. This unit atomizes deionized water into micron-sized water mist using ultrasonic waves and sprays it evenly onto the warm leather surface. After the surface moisture is removed by hot air drying, the leather is rolled up to obtain the final low-odor PVC leather.

[0053] Example 3 The first aspect of this embodiment provides a low-odor PVC leather, comprising a surface layer and a foam layer stacked sequentially.

[0054] The ingredients for the surface layer, by weight, include: PVC powder: 100 parts; Plasticizer: DIDP, 90 parts; Stabilizer (calcium-zinc composite stabilizer): 2.5 parts; Filler (calcium carbonate): 40 parts; Mesoporous material (diatomaceous earth): 8 parts; Colorant (composite pigment): 1 part; The raw materials for the foam layer, by weight, include: PVC powder: 100 parts; Plasticizer (DIDP): 90 parts; Stabilizer (calcium-zinc composite stabilizer): 2.5 parts; Foaming agent (ADCA): 4.5 parts; Filler (calcium carbonate): 70 parts; Mesoporous material (diatomaceous earth, activated): 8 parts; Colorant (composite pigment): 1 part.

[0055] The second aspect of this embodiment provides a method for preparing low-odor PVC leather, specifically as follows: S1: The raw materials for the foaming layer are sequentially prepared, mixed, intensively kneaded, open-milled, calendered onto the surface of the fabric base, cooled and rolled up to obtain the foaming layer; the raw materials for the surface layer are sequentially prepared, mixed, intensively kneaded, open-milled, calendered onto the surface of the foaming layer, cooled and rolled up to obtain the layer to be treated; the layer to be treated is foamed, printed and surface treated to obtain a semi-finished product; S2: The semi-finished leather is guided through a constant temperature water tank at a speed of 6 meters per minute. The water tank is equipped with guide rollers to ensure that the leather is completely submerged in water. The soaking time is about 10 seconds. After being taken out of the water, the semi-finished product immediately passes through a pair of squeezing rollers to effectively remove a large number of free water droplets attached to the surface of the leather, resulting in moist leather. S3: The squeezed and moistened leather is transferred into a microwave heating device. The inlet of the two devices is 1 meter apart. The microwave device operates at a frequency of 2450MHz and a power of 35kW. The moistened leather travels in the microwave field for 50 seconds, causing the temperature of the leather body to rise rapidly to 108-118℃ in a short time. S4: After being deodorized by microwave, the leather is guided through an ultrasonic water mist cleaning unit. This unit atomizes deionized water into micron-sized water mist using ultrasonic waves and sprays it evenly onto the warm leather surface. After the surface moisture is removed by hot air drying, the leather is rolled up to obtain the final low-odor PVC leather.

[0056] Example 4 The first aspect of this embodiment provides a low-odor PVC leather, comprising a surface layer and a foam layer stacked sequentially.

[0057] The ingredients for the surface layer, by weight, include: PVC powder: 100 parts; Plasticizer (DINP): 95 parts; Stabilizer (barium stearate / zinc composite stabilizer): 4.5 parts; Filler (mica): 5 parts; Mesoporous material (zeolite): 10 parts; Colorant (carbon black): 5 parts; The raw materials for the foam layer, by weight, include: PVC powder: 100 parts; Plasticizer (DINP): 95 parts; Stabilizer (barium stearate / zinc composite stabilizer): 4.5 parts; Foaming agent (ADCA): 2 parts; Filler (calcium carbonate): 15 parts; Mesoporous material (carbon nanotubes): 1 part; Colorant (carbon black): 5 parts.

[0058] The second aspect of this embodiment provides a method for preparing low-odor PVC leather, specifically as follows: S1: The raw materials for the foaming layer are sequentially prepared, mixed, intensively kneaded, open-milled, calendered onto the surface of the fabric base, cooled and rolled up to obtain the foaming layer; the raw materials for the surface layer are sequentially prepared, mixed, intensively kneaded, open-milled, calendered onto the surface of the foaming layer, cooled and rolled up to obtain the layer to be treated; the layer to be treated is foamed, printed and surface treated to obtain a semi-finished product; S2: The semi-finished leather is guided through a 32°C constant temperature water tank at a speed of 4 meters per minute. The water tank is equipped with guide rollers to ensure that the leather is completely submerged in water. The soaking time is about 15 seconds. After being taken out of the water, the semi-finished product immediately passes through a pair of squeezing rollers to effectively remove a large number of free water droplets attached to the surface of the leather, resulting in moist leather. S3: The squeezed and moistened leather is transferred into a microwave heating device with a 1-meter distance between the inlets and outlets. The microwave device operates at a frequency of 2450MHz and a power of 20kW. The moistened leather travels in the microwave field for 70 seconds, causing the leather body temperature to rise rapidly to 102-110℃ in a short time. S4: After being deodorized by microwave, the leather is guided through an ultrasonic water mist cleaning unit. This unit atomizes deionized water into micron-sized water mist using ultrasonic waves and sprays it evenly onto the warm leather surface. After the surface moisture is removed by hot air drying, the leather is rolled up to obtain the final low-odor PVC leather.

[0059] Example 5 The first aspect of this embodiment provides a low-odor PVC leather, comprising a surface layer and a foam layer stacked sequentially.

[0060] The ingredients for the surface layer, by weight, include: PVC powder: 100 parts; Plasticizer (DINP): 100 parts; Stabilizer (calcium-zinc stabilizer): 3.5 parts; Filler (calcium carbonate): 20 parts; Mesoporous material (hydrotalcite): 1 part; Colorant (composite color paste): 2 parts; The raw materials for the foam layer, by weight, include: PVC powder: 100 parts; Plasticizer (DINP): 100 parts; Stabilizer (calcium-zinc composite stabilizer): 3.5 parts; Foaming agent (ADCA): 3 parts; Filler (calcium carbonate): 60 parts; Mesoporous material (hydrotalcite): 1 part; Colorant (composite color paste): 2 parts.

[0061] The second aspect of this embodiment provides a method for preparing low-odor PVC leather, specifically as follows: S1: The raw materials for the foaming layer are sequentially prepared, mixed, intensively kneaded, rolled onto the surface of the fabric base, cooled and rolled up to obtain the foaming layer; the raw materials for the surface layer are sequentially prepared, mixed, intensively kneaded, rolled onto the surface of the foaming layer, cooled and rolled up to obtain the treatment layer; the treatment layer is foamed, printed and surface treated to obtain a semi-finished product; S2: The semi-finished leather is guided through a 30°C constant temperature water tank at a speed of 5 meters / minute. The water tank is equipped with guide rollers to ensure that the leather is completely submerged in water. The immersion time is about 12 seconds. After the semi-finished product is removed from the water, it immediately passes through a pair of squeezing rollers to effectively remove a large number of free water droplets attached to the surface of the leather to obtain moist leather; S3: The squeezed and moistened leather is transferred into a microwave heating device with a 1-meter distance between the inlets and outlets. The microwave device operates at a frequency of 2450MHz and a power of 28kW. The moistened leather travels in the microwave field for 45 seconds, causing the leather body temperature to rise rapidly to 106-112℃ in a short time. S4: After being deodorized by microwave, the leather is guided through an ultrasonic water mist cleaning unit. This unit atomizes deionized water into micron-sized water mist using ultrasonic waves and sprays it evenly onto the warm leather surface. After being dried with hot air to remove surface moisture, the leather is rolled up to obtain the final low-odor PVC leather.

[0062] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 1 is that the deodorization process in steps S2 and S3 is replaced by heating the semi-finished leather in an electric heating box to remove the odor.

[0063] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that the water soaking pretreatment in S2 is not performed. Instead, the semi-finished leather obtained in S1 is directly transferred to a microwave heating device for processing in steps S3 and S4.

[0064] Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 1 is that after step S2, the moist leather is heated in an electric heating box to remove odor, that is, microwave heating is replaced by electric heating box heating.

[0065] The low-odor PVC leathers prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested for odor properties according to Q / SFYJJ 15-2015 and for mechanical properties according to MTS-F06-02-001-A6-2022. The odor intensity levels are shown in Table 1.

[0066] Table 1 Odor Intensity Levels

[0067] Furthermore, the results of the odor and mechanical performance tests are shown in Table 2.

[0068] Table 2 Odor and Mechanical Properties Tests

[0069] analyze: The test results above show that the "water pretreatment-microwave radiation-ultrasonic water mist cleaning" process used in Examples 1-5 with mesoporous materials effectively removes odors. The tensile strength of Comparative Examples 1-3 is not significantly different from that of Examples 1-5, but the elongation at break is greater. This is because prolonged heating or uneven heating deteriorates the leather, making it more fragile, soft, and losing its support.

[0070] Comparative Example 1: Traditional electric heating deodorization lacks the bulk heating of microwaves and the "energy converter" effect of water molecules in mesoporous materials, resulting in low deodorization efficiency, high energy consumption, and easy surface overheating.

[0071] Comparative Example 2: The water pretreatment step was omitted, which resulted in the microwave energy not being able to be efficiently conducted through water molecules, causing uneven heating. The adsorbents inside the mesoporous material were difficult to be efficiently desorbed, and the deodorization effect was greatly reduced.

[0072] Comparative Example 3: Both Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 3 exhibited an odor level of 3.5, demonstrating relatively good deodorization effects. The core reason for this is that both fully retained the crucial "water pretreatment" step, allowing the moisture in the mesoporous material to "carry" the odor molecules during subsequent heating. The dissolved odor molecules evaporate along with the moisture during heating, thus achieving a certain deodorization effect.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0074] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not others, combinations of features from different embodiments are intended to be within the scope of this application and form different embodiments. For example, any of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination. The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the general background of this application and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that such information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A low-odor PVC leather, characterized in that, This includes a surface layer and a foam layer that are stacked sequentially. The raw materials of the surface layer, by weight, include: 100 parts of first PVC powder, 30-130 parts of first plasticizer, 2-5 parts of first stabilizer, 0-50 parts of first filler, 1-10 parts of first mesoporous material, and 0.5-10 parts of first colorant; The raw materials of the foamed layer, by weight, include: 100 parts of second PVC powder, 30-130 parts of second plasticizer, 2-5 parts of second stabilizer, 1-5 parts of foaming agent, 0-100 parts of second filler, 1-10 parts of second mesoporous material, and 0.5-10 parts of second colorant.

2. The low-odor PVC leather according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first plasticizer and the second plasticizer each independently include one or more of DIDP, DPHP, and DINP.

3. The low-odor PVC leather according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first stabilizer and the second stabilizer each independently include one or more of calcium-zinc stabilizers, zinc stearate, and barium stearate.

4. The low-odor PVC leather according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first filler and the second filler each independently include one or more of calcium carbonate, talc, and mica.

5. The low-odor PVC leather according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first mesoporous material and the second mesoporous material each independently include one or more of zeolite, mesoporous silica, carbon nanotubes, diatomite, porous carbon, and hydrotalcite.

6. The low-odor PVC leather according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first mesoporous material and the second mesoporous material each independently include zeolite and / or hydrotalcite.

7. The low-odor PVC leather according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The foaming agent includes ADC and / or OBSH; And / or, the thickness ratio of the surface layer to the foamed layer is 0.12-0.3:0.5-1.

2.

8. A method for preparing low-odor PVC leather according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: Provide semi-finished products that include a foam layer and a surface layer; The semi-finished product is immersed in water for soaking and squeezing to obtain moist leather; The moistened leather is subjected to microwave heating, ultrasonic water mist cleaning, and drying to obtain low-odor PVC leather.

9. The method for preparing low-odor PVC leather according to claim 8, characterized in that, The impregnation temperature is 20-40℃, and the time is 8-60s; And / or, the microwave heating operates at a frequency of 915-2450MHz, a power of 5-35kW, and a time of 0.5-3 minutes; And / or, the temperature of the moistened leather subjected to the microwave heating is 100-120°C.

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