A charging device and method for a vertical reduction furnace

Abstract

A charging device and method for a vertical reduction furnace, belonging to the field of high-temperature vacuum reduction technology, includes a charging cylinder and an operating rod. A receiving component is hinged to the bottom of the operating rod. The receiving component has a multi-piece structure. During charging, the operating rod and the receiving component are located inside the charging cylinder, with the free end of the receiving component abutting against the inner wall of the charging cylinder, covering the inner cross-section of the charging cylinder. During discharge, the charging device is located between the reduction tank and the central tube. The receiving component extends from the bottom of the charging cylinder under the thrust of the operating rod, and the free end of the receiving component falls under gravity, discharging the material from the bottom of the charging cylinder. This invention, by setting up a charging cylinder and using an operating rod with a hinged receiving component inside the charging cylinder, ensures that the material is released in an orderly manner from the bottom to the opening during charging, with a controllable release speed. This ensures the integrity of the pellets, avoids the impact force caused by the charging drop, reduces the friction between the pellets and the central tube, facilitates the lifting of the central tube, and ensures smooth slag discharge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of high-temperature vacuum reduction technology, and particularly relates to a charging device and method for a vertical tank reduction furnace. Background Technology

[0002] The reduction furnace is the core equipment in primary magnesium smelting. Due to the different placement of the heating vessel—the reduction pot—within the furnace chamber, it can be divided into horizontal reduction furnaces and vertical reduction furnaces. Compared to horizontal reduction furnaces, vertical reduction furnaces allow for vertical charging and slag removal operations to utilize gravity, reducing manual labor intensity. The vertical pot's load-bearing position is located above the furnace top, eliminating the need for support walls within the furnace chamber required for horizontal reduction furnaces. This reduces interference with the flow of high-temperature flue gas, resulting in better heat transfer conditions, more uniform heating of the reduction pot, and greater energy efficiency in the reduction furnace.

[0003] The construction of vertical retort reduction furnaces has developed rapidly in recent years, but there is still a significant gap compared to horizontal retort reduction furnaces in terms of output rate and reaction cycle. Under identical conditions (furnace temperature, vacuum level, etc.) in both vertical and horizontal retorts, the material breakage problem becomes prominent in vertical retorts. In horizontal retorts, the material, compressed into pellets (referred to as pellets), is pushed into the horizontally placed retort by a loading tool at the retort opening without breakage. However, in vertical retorts, the drop from the retort opening to the bottom is over 4 meters. Current loading operations involve placing the pellet-filled bin at the retort opening, causing the pellets to fall and resulting in significant breakage and pulverization. This defeats the purpose and significance of compressing the raw material into pellets under high pressure. The broken and pulverized pellets themselves have a very low reaction rate, which further affects the overall heat conduction of the pellets, thus impacting the overall reaction rate.

[0004] Additionally, during slag discharge, the internal central tube needs to be lifted a certain distance to create a channel between the central tube and the tank bottom. The reduced slag (the pellets after the reduction reaction) then detaches from the tank due to gravity. Because the impact force of the pellets falling from the tank opening to the bottom is significant, the gaps between the pellets decrease, increasing the friction between pellets, between pellets and the inner wall of the vertical tank, and between pellets and the central tube. This can lead to situations where the central tube cannot detach from the reduction tank during lifting, or the reduced slag remains fixed in its original position after the central tube is lifted, unable to detach from the reduction tank. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a charging device and method for a vertical reduction furnace. By setting up a charging cylinder and using an operating rod with a hinged receiving component inside the charging cylinder, the material is released in an orderly manner from the bottom of the tank to the opening of the tank during charging, and the release speed is controllable. This ensures the integrity of the pellets, avoids the impact force caused by the charging drop on the pellets, reduces the friction between the pellets and the central tube, makes the central tube easier to lift, and makes the slag discharge smooth.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include: A charging device for a vertical reduction furnace includes a charging cylinder and an operating rod. The charging cylinder is a cylindrical structure with openings at the top and bottom, and its external shape matches the space between the reduction tank and the central tube. A receiving component is hinged to the bottom of the operating rod. The receiving component has a multi-piece structure, with one end hinged to the operating rod and the other end being a free end. During charging, the operating rod and the receiving component are located inside the charging cylinder, with the free end of the receiving component abutting against the inner wall of the charging cylinder and covering the internal cross-section of the charging cylinder. During discharging, the charging device is located between the reduction tank and the central tube. The receiving component extends from the bottom of the charging cylinder under the thrust of the operating rod, and the free end of the receiving component falls under the action of gravity, discharging the material from the bottom of the charging cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, the multiple-piece structure of the receiving member is hinged to the same horizontal position of the operating lever and arranged around the operating lever.

[0008] Furthermore, the receiving component is a two-piece structure, which is respectively hinged to the left and right sides of the operating lever at the same horizontal position.

[0009] Furthermore, the charging cylinder has an arc-shaped cylindrical structure, and its arc shape matches the space between the reduction tank and the central tube.

[0010] Furthermore, the charging cylinder is composed of several arc-shaped cylindrical structures forming an annular charging device. Each arc-shaped cylindrical structure is equipped with a matching operating rod and receiving component. The space between the annular charging device and the reduction tank and the central tube is matched.

[0011] Furthermore, the loading cylinder is composed of four arc-shaped cylindrical structures forming a ring-shaped loading device, and the upper part of the operating rod inside each arc-shaped cylindrical structure is connected to a synchronous limiting device.

[0012] The charging method using the charging device of the vertical reduction furnace includes the following steps: Step S1: When loading, place the operating lever and the receiving part inside the loading cylinder. The free end of the receiving part abuts against the inner wall of the loading cylinder. The receiving part moves from top to bottom with the filling material to the lower part of the loading cylinder. The material is loaded inside the loading cylinder above the receiving part. Step S2: Move the material-carrying cylinder between the reduction tank and the central tube. The bottom of the material-carrying cylinder is located below the space between the reduction tank and the central tube. Continue to move the operating lever downward so that the receiving part extends out from the bottom of the material-carrying cylinder. The receiving part falls under the action of gravity, and the material is discharged from the bottom of the material-carrying cylinder into the space between the reduction tank and the central tube. Step S3: Move the entire assembly of the loading cylinder, operating lever, and receiving component upwards, so that all the material inside the loading cylinder falls between the reduction tank and the central tube.

[0013] Furthermore, a loading device is used to execute steps S1-S3 multiple times to fill the space between the reduction tank and the central tube with material.

[0014] Furthermore, a multi-assembly loading device is used to execute steps S1-S3 in one go, so that the space between the reduction tank and the central tube is filled with material.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention provides a charging device and method for a vertical reduction furnace. By setting a charging cylinder and using an operating rod with a hinged receiving component inside the charging cylinder, the material is released in an orderly manner from the bottom of the tank to the opening of the tank during charging, and the release speed is controllable. This ensures the integrity of the pellets, avoids the impact force caused by the charging drop on the pellets, reduces the friction between the pellets and the central tube, makes the central tube easier to lift, and makes the slag discharge smooth. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical tank reduction furnace charging device of the present invention during charging; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical tank reduction furnace charging device of the present invention when it is full of material; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure when the charging device for the vertical tank reduction furnace is placed between the reduction tank and the central tube; Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the structure when the material falls between the reduction tank and the central tube as the operating lever is lowered; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the space between the reduction tank and the central tube is filled with material. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the central tube is installed to the bottom of the reduction tank. Figure 7 This is a top view of the ring-shaped loading device composed of four loading units.

[0017] In the diagram: 1 is the loading cylinder, 2 is the operating lever, 3 is the receiving part, 4 is the material, 5 is the reduction tank, 6 is the central tube, and 7 is the annular loading device. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] This invention provides a charging device for a vertical reduction furnace, such as... Figures 1-2As shown, the device includes a loading cylinder 1 and an operating lever 2. The loading cylinder 1 is a cylindrical structure with openings at the top and bottom, and its external shape matches the space between the reduction tank 5 and the central tube 6. Specifically, since the space between the reduction tank 5 and the central tube 6 is an annular space, the loading cylinder 1 can be configured as an arc-shaped cylindrical structure, with its arc shape matching the space between the reduction tank 5 and the central tube 6. More specifically, to improve loading efficiency, the loading cylinder 1 can be formed by several arc-shaped cylindrical structures to form an annular loading device 7. Specifically, it can be formed by four arc-shaped cylindrical structures to form an annular loading device 7, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the space between the annular loading device 7, the reduction tank 5, and the central tube 6 is matched. Each arc-shaped cylindrical structure is equipped with a matching operating rod 2 and a receiving part 3 to achieve loading in one step. To achieve synchronous movement of the operating rod 2, the upper part of the operating rod 2 in each arc-shaped cylindrical structure can be connected to a synchronous limiting device. The synchronous limiting device can be a ring structure, with a buckle fixedly connected to the ring at the corresponding position of each operating rod 2. The buckle is used to fix and limit the operating rod 2 to achieve synchronous limiting. However, the synchronous limiting device is not limited to the above structure, as long as it can achieve synchronous limiting of the operating rod 2.

[0020] The bottom of the operating lever 2 is hinged to a receiving component 3. The receiving component 3 has a multi-piece structure, with one end hinged to the operating lever 2 and the other end being a free end. Specifically, the multi-piece structure of the receiving component 3 is hinged at the same horizontal position of the operating lever 2 and arranged around the operating lever 2. Specifically, it can be two pieces, respectively hinged to the left and right sides of the same horizontal position of the operating lever 2, so that the receiving component 3 can receive the material 4 from above.

[0021] During loading, the operating lever 2 and the receiving part 3 are located inside the loading cylinder 1. The free end of the receiving part 3 abuts against the inner wall of the loading cylinder 1. The receiving part 3 is in an unfolded state due to the limitation of the inner wall of the loading cylinder 1 and cannot be further rotated, covering the inner cross-section of the loading cylinder 1, thus forming a bottom-closed loading space with the inner wall of the loading cylinder 1. The material is loaded from the top of the loading cylinder 1. The receiving part 3 and the operating lever 2 move down continuously as the material is loaded until they are located at the bottom of the loading cylinder 1. The ball material gradually fills the inside of the loading cylinder 1. The receiving part 3 still abuts against the inner wall of the loading cylinder 1. At this time, the loading cylinder 1 is full of material 4. To facilitate the movement of the loading cylinder 1 containing material 4, a fixing component can be installed above the loading cylinder 1 filled with material 4. For example, one end can be fixedly connected to the top of the loading cylinder 1, and the other end can be provided with a fixing component structure for fixing the operating rod 2. The fixing component structure is not limited to this, as long as it can achieve the fixing and limiting of the operating rod 2, so that when the loading cylinder 1 containing material 4 is moved, the operating rod 2 and the receiving component 3 will no longer move down, so that the material 4 in the loading cylinder 1 is not easy to leak out.

[0022] The loading device of this invention can be used in conjunction with a crane, allowing for lifting, moving, and lowering of the loading device. During discharge, the crane places the loading device between the reduction tank 5 and the central tube 6, fixing the loading cylinder 1 at a distance of 20-30 cm from the bottom of the tank. Then, the limiting position on the operating lever 2 is released, allowing the operating lever 2 and the receiving component 3 to move downwards. The receiving component 3 extends from the bottom of the loading cylinder 1 under the pushing force of the operating lever 2, and falls under gravity, meaning the free end of the receiving component 3 falls under gravity. The hinged end of the receiving component 3 remains hinged to the operating lever 2. At this time, the receiving component 3 is in a downward-hanging, retracted state, and the material is discharged from the bottom of the loading cylinder 1 and released to the bottom of the reduction tank 5. The remaining pellets in the loading cylinder 1 then move downwards. The crane slowly lifts the cylinder upwards, and the pellets begin to fill the annular space formed between the reduction tank 5 and the central tube 6 until the pellets completely detach from the loading cylinder 1.

[0023] The present invention also provides a charging method using the charging device of the vertical reduction furnace, such as... Figures 3-6 As shown, it includes the following steps: Step S1: When loading material, place the operating lever 2 and the receiving part 3 inside the loading cylinder 1. The free end of the receiving part 3 abuts against the inner wall of the loading cylinder 1. The receiving part 3 moves from top to bottom with the material being loaded to the lower part of the loading cylinder 1. The material is loaded inside the loading cylinder 1 above the receiving part 3. Step S2: Move the material-carrying cylinder 1 to the space between the reduction tank 5 and the central tube 6. The bottom of the material-carrying cylinder 1 is located below the space between the reduction tank 5 and the central tube 6. Continue to move the operating lever 2 downward so that the receiving part 3 extends out from the bottom of the material-carrying cylinder 1. The receiving part 3 falls under the action of gravity, and the material is discharged from the bottom of the material-carrying cylinder 1 into the space between the reduction tank 5 and the central tube 6. Step S3: Move the entire assembly of the loading cylinder 1, operating lever 2, and receiving component 3 upwards, so that all the material inside the loading cylinder 1 falls between the reduction tank 5 and the central tube 6.

[0024] Specifically, steps S1-S3 can be executed multiple times using a single loading device until the specified amount of material is added. Alternatively, multiple loading devices can be used, such as a ring-shaped loading device 7 formed by four loading devices. Figure 7 As shown, executing steps S1-S3 once can fill the space between the reduction tank 5 and the central tube 6 with material, thus improving operational efficiency.

[0025] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Any modifications, alterations, substitutions, and variations made by those skilled in the art to the above embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A charging device for a vertical reduction furnace, characterized in that: Includes a loading cylinder (1) and an operating rod (2). The loading cylinder (1) is a cylindrical structure with openings at the top and bottom. Its external shape matches the space between the reduction tank (5) and the central tube (6). The bottom of the operating rod (2) is hinged with a receiving part (3). The receiving part (3) is a multi-piece structure. One end is hinged to the operating rod (2), and the other end is a free end. When loading, the operating rod (2) and the receiving part (3) are located inside the loading cylinder (1). The free end of the receiving part (3) abuts against the inner wall of the loading cylinder (1), and the receiving part (3) covers the internal cross-section of the loading cylinder (1). When discharging, the loading device is located between the reduction tank (5) and the central tube (6). The receiving part (3) is pushed out from the bottom of the loading cylinder (1) by the operating rod (2). The free end of the receiving part (3) falls under the action of gravity, and the material is discharged from the bottom of the loading cylinder (1).

2. The charging device for a vertical reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple structures of the receiving member (3) are hinged to the same horizontal position of the operating rod (2) and arranged around the operating rod (2).

3. The charging device for a vertical reduction furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The receiving component (3) is a two-piece structure, which is hinged to the left and right sides of the operating lever (2) at the same horizontal position.

4. The charging device for a vertical reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading cylinder (1) is an arc-shaped cylindrical structure, and its arc shape matches the space between the reduction tank (5) and the central tube (6).

5. The charging device for a vertical retort reduction furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The loading cylinder (1) is formed by several arc-shaped cylindrical structures to form an annular loading device (7). Each arc-shaped cylindrical structure is equipped with a matching operating rod (2) and a receiving part (3). The space between the annular loading device (7) and the reduction tank (5) and the central tube (6) is matched.

6. The charging device for a vertical retort reduction furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The loading cylinder (1) is formed by four arc-shaped cylindrical structures to form a ring-shaped loading device (7). The upper part of the operating rod (2) inside each arc-shaped cylindrical structure is connected to the synchronous limiting device.

7. A charging method using the charging device for a vertical reduction furnace according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: When loading, place the operating lever (2) and the receiving part (3) inside the loading cylinder (1). The free end of the receiving part (3) abuts against the inner wall of the loading cylinder (1). The receiving part (3) moves from top to bottom with the filling material to the lower part of the loading cylinder (1). The material is loaded inside the loading cylinder (1) above the receiving part (3). Step S2: Move the material-carrying cylinder (1) between the reduction tank (5) and the central tube (6). The bottom of the material-carrying cylinder (1) is located below the space between the reduction tank (5) and the central tube (6). Continue to move the operating lever (2) downward so that the receiving part (3) extends out from the bottom of the material-carrying cylinder (1). The receiving part (3) falls under the action of gravity, and the material is discharged from the bottom of the material-carrying cylinder (1) to the space between the reduction tank (5) and the central tube (6). Step S3: Move the entire assembly of the loading cylinder (1), operating lever (2), and receiving part (3) upwards so that all the material inside the loading cylinder (1) falls between the reduction tank (5) and the central tube (6).

8. The loading method according to claim 7, characterized in that: A material loading device is used to execute steps S1-S3 multiple times to fill the space between the reduction tank (5) and the central tube (6) with material.

9. The loading method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The multi-assembly loading device executes steps S1-S3 in one go, so that the space between the reduction tank (5) and the central tube (6) is filled with material.

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