A voltage transformer fault diagnosis prediction system

Abstract

This invention discloses a voltage transformer fault diagnosis and prediction system, including a data acquisition and preprocessing unit, a signal processing and feature extraction unit, and a fault diagnosis and prediction unit. In the data acquisition and preprocessing unit, the support structure of the diagnostic platform supports a rotating mechanism. The rotating mechanism drives a shielding component to rotate and cover the voltage transformer under test, simultaneously enabling the wiring module to be fitted with terminals and the conductive structure to be in contact with conductive surfaces. Furthermore, the first conductive component of the shielding component is connected to the second conductive component of the diagnostic platform. The data acquisition unit collects multi-modal parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature, and sends them to an embedded processor. An intelligent algorithm engine extracts and fuses fault-sensitive features. The fault diagnosis and prediction unit completes the current fault diagnosis and future fault risk prediction. This invention eliminates the need for manual terminal connection, making operation convenient and detection efficient. It improves the safety of high-voltage operating conditions through shielding protection and power-off linkage, adapts to different equipment specifications, and ensures the reliability of diagnostic predictions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical performance testing technology, and more specifically to a voltage transformer fault diagnosis and prediction system. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of intelligent operation and maintenance technology for power systems, voltage transformers, as core measurement and relay protection devices, are widely used in various power grid architectures. The stability of their operating status directly determines the accuracy of power grid metering, the accuracy of protection actions, and the overall reliability of the system. Voltage transformer fault diagnosis and prediction technology aims to accurately identify potential abnormal operating conditions such as internal insulation aging, inter-turn short circuits, and sensor failures by real-time monitoring of the equipment's core operating parameters (such as primary / secondary voltage, excitation current, winding temperature, etc.). Based on multi-dimensional data analysis, it achieves forward-looking prediction of fault risks, thereby effectively preventing sudden equipment damage, power system operation interruptions, and safety accidents, providing technical support for predictive maintenance of the power grid.

[0003] Implementing fault diagnosis and prediction for voltage transformers is of paramount technical necessity and engineering value. On the one hand, voltage transformer failure directly undermines the integrity of the power grid's measurement and protection system, leading to relay protection malfunctions, metering errors, and other problems, seriously threatening the safe and stable operation of the power grid and the personal safety of maintenance personnel. On the other hand, unplanned downtime caused by equipment failure significantly increases maintenance costs, power grid dispatching pressure, and economic losses. Predictive maintenance through scientific fault diagnosis and prediction can significantly extend the service life of voltage transformers, optimize the allocation of maintenance resources, and effectively meet the stringent requirements of modern smart grids for high equipment availability, efficient maintenance, and operational safety.

[0004] Currently, in existing voltage transformer fault diagnosis and prediction technologies, the conventional testing process requires placing the voltage transformer under test in a designated testing area, energizing it, and then collecting various operating parameters such as output voltage and surface temperature. These parameters are then analyzed to determine whether the equipment is in normal working order. However, this testing process has significant technical flaws, severely limiting the efficiency, stability, and safety of diagnosis and prediction.

[0005] Specifically, the existing testing process requires manual connection of each terminal of the voltage transformer under test to the external testing cable. This connection operation is cumbersome and time-consuming, and the stability of the connection directly determines the accuracy of subsequent test data acquisition, the stability of the testing process, and the validity of the diagnostic results. Poor contact can easily lead to excessive testing errors, thus affecting the reliability of fault diagnosis and prediction. Furthermore, some voltage transformer testing needs to be carried out under high-voltage conditions. Frequent wiring connections and switching operations not only further reduce testing efficiency but also pose significant safety hazards such as electric shock and arc discharge, making it difficult to effectively guarantee the safety of the testing process and failing to meet the actual needs of efficient and safe operation and maintenance of large-scale power grid equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a voltage transformer fault diagnosis and prediction system to realize the automated wiring and connection of the voltage transformer fault diagnosis process, improve detection efficiency and data reliability, and at the same time ensure operational safety under high voltage conditions.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a voltage transformer fault diagnosis and prediction system, comprising: a data acquisition and preprocessing unit, a signal processing and feature extraction unit, and a fault diagnosis and prediction unit; the data acquisition and preprocessing unit is equipped with a data acquisition device, which specifically includes a diagnostic platform, a rotating mechanism, a shielding component, a wiring module, and a temperature monitoring module; The diagnostic platform is provided with a support structure for supporting the rotating mechanism. The rotating mechanism is connected to the shielding component to drive the shielding component to rotate. The shielding component is used to shield and protect the voltage transformer under test and to press and position it. The wiring module is inserted into the shielding component, and its end is fixedly connected to the temperature monitoring module. The wiring module is provided with a sleeve structure for fitting the wiring terminals of the voltage transformer under test, and a conductive structure that is conductively attached to the wiring terminals. The shielding assembly is provided with a first conductive element, and the diagnostic platform is provided with a second conductive element adapted to the first conductive element. When the rotating mechanism drives the shielding assembly to rotate to cover the voltage transformer under test, the sleeve structure is fitted with a wiring terminal and the conductive structure is in contact with the wiring terminal. The first conductive element and the second conductive element are connected to supply power to the driving component of the wiring module. The data acquisition and preprocessing unit is used to acquire the voltage, current parameters, and shell temperature parameters of the voltage transformer under test. The signal processing and feature extraction unit includes a transmission module, an embedded processor, and an intelligent algorithm engine. The transmission module transmits the acquired multimodal parameter signals to the embedded processor. The intelligent algorithm engine is used to extract fault-sensitive features and perform multi-feature fusion. The fault diagnosis and prediction unit is used to complete the diagnosis of the current fault type and the prediction of future fault risks based on the fused fault-sensitive features.

[0008] Preferably, the support structure consists of two end plates symmetrically welded to the surface of the diagnostic platform, and the rotation mechanism includes a rotation shaft, with both ends of the rotation shaft embedded in the two end plates via bearings, thereby realizing the movable connection between the rotation mechanism and the support structure.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating mechanism further includes a rotating disk, a docking sleeve, and a connecting rod. The rotating disk is screwed to one end of the rotating shaft and has a handle on its surface. The docking sleeve is sleeved on the surface of the rotating shaft and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The docking sleeve is fixedly connected to the shielding assembly through the connecting rod, thus forming a transmission connection structure between the rotating mechanism and the shielding assembly.

[0010] Preferably, the shielding assembly includes a shielding plate, a shielding box, a power compartment, a lower mounting plate, and a counterweight rod; one end of the shielding plate is integrally formed with a groove, the shielding box is welded to the bottom of the groove end, and one side of the box is open to accommodate the wiring module; the power compartment is screwed to the surface of the shielding plate, the lower mounting plate is welded to the bottom surface of the shielding plate, and a sliding groove is formed on its surface; the counterweight rod is connected to the docking sleeve through the connecting rod.

[0011] Preferably, the wiring module's socket structure is a socket frame, and the conductive structure is a conductive plate embedded in one side of the inner wall of the socket frame. The wiring module also includes a pull post, a sliding plate, a rack, a slider, a spring, and a limiting block. One end of the pull post is integrally formed with the socket frame, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding plate. The rack is welded to the top of the sliding plate. The slider is welded to the surface of the pull post and passes through the strip hole of the baffle plate. One end of the spring is connected to the slider, and the other end is connected to the limiting block. The limiting block is embedded in the sliding groove and secured to the surface of the lower hanging plate by a limiting strip.

[0012] Preferably, the temperature monitoring module includes a top plate, a rotating base, an inclined plate, and a temperature sensing module; the top plate is welded to the end of the pulling column, the rotating base is fixed to the surface of the top plate, the inclined plate is sleeved on the rotating base and connected to the rotating base through a torsion spring, the temperature sensing module is installed at the end of the inclined plate, and the torsion spring is used to keep the temperature sensing module in an upward tilted state.

[0013] Preferably, the driving component of the wiring module is a motor, which is installed inside the power compartment. Its output end is connected to a drive shaft, and a long gear is fixed on the surface of the drive shaft. The long gear passes through the baffle plate and meshes with the rack of the wiring module, forming a transmission structure in which the motor drives the wiring module to move.

[0014] Preferably, the shielding box is used to accommodate the reset conductive plate after the detection is completed; when the rotating mechanism drives the shielding assembly to lift, the first conductive element separates from the second conductive element, the motor is de-energized, the spring pulls the slider to reset, and the conductive plate is driven to embed into the shielding box.

[0015] Preferably, a pull rod is inserted at the top of the slider, and the pull rod is used to manually pull the slider to move along the strip hole, adjust the position of the wiring module, and adapt to multiple wiring terminals of the voltage transformer under test.

[0016] Preferably, the data acquisition and preprocessing unit acquires parameters through Rogowski coils and distributed data acquisition units, and the acquired parameters also include ambient humidity; the intelligent algorithm engine uses wavelet transform to decompose high-frequency transient components, FFT to analyze harmonic distortion rate, and extracts fault-sensitive features; the fault diagnosis and prediction unit predicts the fault probability in the next 72 hours based on a spatiotemporal graph neural network.

[0017] This invention offers the following significant advantages: Firstly, the integrated design of the rotating mechanism, shielding component, and wiring module eliminates the need for individual locking of each terminal, greatly simplifying operation and improving the efficiency of multiple switching diagnostic tests. Secondly, the shielding component provides continuous shielding protection to the terminals during diagnostics, and automatically embeds the conductive plate into the shielding box for concealment after testing via spring reset. Furthermore, opening the shielding component simultaneously de-energizes the motor, effectively preventing the risk of exposed conductive structures due to improper operation or equipment malfunction, significantly enhancing the safety of testing under high-voltage conditions. Thirdly, the temperature monitoring module, utilizing a torsion spring-driven inclined plate structure, can accommodate voltage transformers of different specifications, expanding the system's applicability. Combined with multimodal data acquisition and intelligent algorithm fusion analysis, this further ensures the accuracy of fault diagnosis and the reliability of future fault risk prediction, providing strong support for efficient and safe operation and maintenance of the power grid. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a block diagram illustrating the principle of a voltage transformer fault diagnosis and prediction system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a data acquisition device in a voltage transformer fault diagnosis and prediction system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the occlusion component in the data acquisition device of this invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the diagnostic platform in the data acquisition device of this invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the wiring module in the data acquisition device of this invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature monitoring module in the data acquisition device of this invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the power compartment in the data acquisition device of this invention.

[0026] Figure 8 yes Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of region A in the middle.

[0027] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Diagnostic platform; 2. Rotating mechanism; 3. Shielding assembly; 4. Wiring module; 5. Temperature monitoring module; 6. First conductive element; 7. Docking sleeve; 8. Connecting rod; 9. Counterweight rod; 10. Power compartment; 11. Motor; 12. Strip hole; 13. Groove; 14. Shielding box; 15. Placement platform; 16. End plate; 17. Rotating disk; 18. Rotating shaft; 19. Second conductive element; 20. Pulling column; 21. Sliding plate; 22. Rack; 23. Slider; 24. Pull rod; 25. Spring; 26. Limiting block; 27. Sleeve frame; 28. Conductive plate; 29. ​​Extension rod; 30. Top plate; 31. Rotating base; 32. Inclined plate; 33. Temperature sensing module; 34. Drive shaft; 35. Long gear; 36. Lower hanging plate; 37. Sliding groove; 38. Shielding plate. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following descriptions of various embodiments are based on the accompanying drawings, illustrating specific embodiments in which the present invention can be implemented. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "length," "circumferential," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0029] Please refer to the following at the same time Figure 1-8 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a voltage transformer fault diagnosis and prediction system, including: a data acquisition and preprocessing unit, a signal processing and feature extraction unit, and a fault diagnosis and prediction unit; the data acquisition and preprocessing unit is equipped with a data acquisition device, which specifically includes a diagnostic platform 1, a rotating mechanism 2, a shielding component 3, a wiring module 4, and a temperature monitoring module 5; The diagnostic platform 1 is provided with a support structure for supporting the rotating mechanism 2. The rotating mechanism 2 is connected to the shielding component 3 to drive the shielding component 3 to rotate. The shielding component 3 is used to shield and protect the voltage transformer under test and to press and position it. The wiring module 4 is inserted into the shielding component 3, and its end is fixedly connected to the temperature monitoring module 5. The wiring module 4 is provided with a sleeve structure for fitting the wiring terminals of the voltage transformer under test, and a conductive structure that is conductively attached to the wiring terminals. The shielding component 3 is provided with a first conductive element 6, and the diagnostic platform 1 is provided with a second conductive element 19 adapted to the first conductive element 6. When the rotating mechanism 2 drives the shielding component 3 to rotate to cover the voltage transformer under test, the sleeve structure is sleeved with the wiring terminal and the conductive structure is in contact with the wiring terminal. The first conductive element 6 and the second conductive element 19 are connected to supply power to the driving component of the wiring module 4. The data acquisition and preprocessing unit is used to acquire the voltage, current parameters, and shell temperature parameters of the voltage transformer under test. The signal processing and feature extraction unit includes a transmission module, an embedded processor, and an intelligent algorithm engine. The transmission module transmits the acquired multimodal parameter signals to the embedded processor. The intelligent algorithm engine is used to extract fault-sensitive features and perform multi-feature fusion. The fault diagnosis and prediction unit is used to complete the diagnosis of the current fault type and the prediction of future fault risks based on the fused fault-sensitive features.

[0030] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, a support structure is welded to the surface of the diagnostic platform 1. As an example, the support structure specifically consists of two end plates 16, which are used to provide support for the rotating mechanism 2. A shielding assembly 3 is connected to the surface of the rotating mechanism 2. The shielding assembly 3 is used to shield and protect the voltage transformer under test and to press and position it. A wiring module 4 is inserted into the bottom of the shielding assembly 3, and an independent temperature monitoring module 5 is connected to the end of each wiring module 4.

[0031] The end of the wiring module 4 rests against the housing of the voltage transformer under test via the temperature monitoring module 5. The wiring module 4 has a socket structure, specifically a socket frame 27, which is used to mount the wiring module 4 onto the terminals of the voltage transformer under test. The wiring module 4 is connected to an external power source via a cable. A handle is screwed to the end of the rotating mechanism 2, which controls the rotation of the shielding assembly 3. The fault diagnosis and prediction unit includes the temperature monitoring module 5 and the voltage monitoring module.

[0032] When using the multimodal data fusion voltage transformer fault diagnosis and prediction system of this invention, the voltage transformer under test is first placed on the surface of the data acquisition device. The rotating mechanism 2 is rotated by manual control, and the top shielding component 3 is pressed and covered on the surface of the voltage transformer under test. After the shielding component 3 flips over, the motor 11 is energized. At this time, the bottom wiring module 4 can be moved by controlling the motor 11 until the wiring module 4 completes the process of connecting and communicating with the wiring terminals on the voltage transformer under test. At this time, the subsequent testing process can be carried out. At this time, the electronic voltage transformer's built-in Rogowski coil and distributed data acquisition unit (DAQ) continuously capture voltage, current waveforms, and ambient temperature and humidity parameters at a sampling rate of over 10kHz. After signal conditioning and noise reduction, the data is uploaded to the processing terminal via industrial Ethernet. The embedded processor performs real-time signal processing on the raw data: wavelet transform is used to decompose high-frequency transient components, FFT is used to analyze harmonic distortion rate, and a deep learning model is used to automatically extract 17 fault-sensitive features such as insulation degradation and core saturation, forming a standardized feature vector. The diagnostic engine identifies the current fault type based on a rule base, and the prediction engine uses a spatiotemporal graph neural network to fuse historical data with real-time features to predict the fault probability within the next 72 hours. Finally, the results are pushed to the cloud platform. After completing this test, the motor 11 is controlled to rotate in reverse again, bringing the temperature monitoring module 5 into contact with the surface of the voltage transformer under test to achieve temperature acquisition and verification. Finally, the rotating mechanism 2 is controlled to lift the shielding component 3 upwards, allowing the voltage transformer under test to be removed and replaced.

[0033] In this embodiment, a placement platform 15 for placing the voltage transformer under test is screwed onto the surface of the diagnostic platform 1, and a second conductive element 19 is embedded in the top of the diagnostic platform 1. The rotating mechanism 2 includes a rotating disk 17 and a rotating shaft 18. Both ends of the rotating shaft 18 are respectively embedded into the interior of two end plates 16, and the surface of the rotating shaft 18 is movably connected to the end plates 16 through sleeved bearings. A rotating disk 17 is screwed onto one end of the rotating shaft 18, and a handle is installed on the surface of the rotating disk 17. The rotating disk 17 drives the rotating shaft 18 to rotate synchronously by rotating the handle. There are two second conductive elements 19.

[0034] Specifically, the diagnostic platform 1 places the voltage transformer under test on the surface placement platform 15, and then controls the handle on the rotating disk 17 to drive the rotating shaft 18 to rotate, which directly drives the entire shielding assembly 3 to rotate synchronously. After the voltage transformer under test is placed, the shielding assembly 3 can be pulled by the rotating disk 17 to achieve the shielding and covering of the terminal part on the surface of the voltage transformer under test, and the motor 11 can be powered to facilitate the subsequent connection of the terminal part on the voltage transformer under test.

[0035] In this embodiment, the shielding component 3 includes: a shielding plate 38, a groove 13, and a shielding box 14. One end of the shielding plate 38 is integrally formed with a groove 13, and the bottom end of the groove 13 is welded with a shielding box 14. One side of the shielding box 14 is open, and each wiring module 4 is embedded inside the shielding box 14. The bottom and both ends of the groove 13 are open.

[0036] The shielding assembly 3 also includes: a strip hole 12, a power chamber 10 and a lower mounting plate 36. The power chamber 10 is screwed onto the surface of the shielding plate 38. The power chamber 10 includes: a motor 11, a drive shaft 34 and a long gear 35. The motor 11 is screwed onto one end of the power chamber 10. The output end of the motor 11 is inserted into the drive shaft 34. The long gear 35 is welded onto the surface of the drive shaft 34. The end of the drive shaft 34 is embedded into the inner wall of the power chamber 10 through a bearing. The bottom of the long gear 35 passes downward through the bottom of the shielding plate 38. The lower mounting plate 36 is welded to the bottom surface of the shielding plate 38. The surface of the shielding plate 38 is provided with a sliding groove 37. The wiring module 4 passes through the inside of the sliding groove 37. The groove 13 is set in the middle area between the shielding box 14 and the lower mounting plate 36.

[0037] The shielding assembly 3 also includes: a docking sleeve 7, a connecting rod 8, and a counterweight rod 9. The docking sleeve 7 is welded to the surface of the rotating shaft 18. The connecting rod 8 is welded to the side of the docking sleeve 7. The counterweight rod 9 is provided at the end of the connecting rod 8. The docking sleeve 7, the connecting rod 8, and the counterweight rod 9 all rotate synchronously through the drive of the rotating shaft 18. The surface of the baffle plate 38 is also equipped with a first conductive element 6, which is used to press and hold the top of the second conductive element 19. The first conductive element 6 is electrically connected to the motor 11.

[0038] The shielding component 3 can provide shielding protection for the terminal part throughout the diagnostic testing process. After the diagnostic testing is completed, it can also automatically embed the exposed conductor part, namely the conductive plate 28 part, into the shielding box 14. With this mechanism, the risk of external personnel replacing the contacts of the voltage transformer under test can be further reduced, thus improving safety. At the same time, when the shielding component 3 is opened, the power to the motor 11 part can be directly cut off, avoiding the situation where the conductive plate 28 part is not completely hidden inside the shielding box 14 when the shielding component 3 is opened due to improper operation or equipment failure.

[0039] Specifically, the shielding component 3 achieves a small-angle flipping process through the rotating sleeve and rotating shaft 18. This allows the end guide groove to be fitted onto the terminal area of ​​the voltage transformer under test when the rotating disk 17 rotates. Simultaneously, the wiring module 4 is also fitted onto the terminal. During this process, the first conductive element 6 and the second conductive element 19 are connected, enabling external power to be supplied to the motor 11, thus starting the motor 11 and controlling the bottom wiring module 4 to move linearly. Simultaneously, the pull rod 24 can be pulled, causing the slider 23 to move along the strip hole 12. This process controls the position change of each wiring module 4. Therefore, for voltage transformers with multiple terminals, the energization of different terminals can be flexibly changed for testing purposes.

[0040] In this embodiment, the wiring module 4 includes: a pull post 20, a sleeve frame 27 and a conductive plate 28. The end of the pull post 20 is integrally formed with a sleeve frame 27. A conductive plate 28 is embedded in one side of the inner wall of the sleeve frame 27. The sleeve frame 27 has a rectangular structure as a whole, and the top and bottom of the sleeve frame 27 are both open. The temperature monitoring module 5 is installed at the end of the sleeve frame 27. The sleeve frame 27 is used to be sleeved on the wiring terminals of the voltage transformer under test, and the conductive plate 28 is used to abut against and fit against the side of the wiring terminals of the voltage transformer under test. The wiring module 4 also includes: a sliding plate 21, a slider 23, and a pull rod 24. One end of the pull column 20 is integrally formed with a sliding plate 21. A rack 22 is welded to the top of the sliding plate 21. A slider 23 is welded to the surface of the pull column 20. A pull rod 24 is inserted into the top of the slider 23. The slider 23 has an overall "T" shaped structure and passes upward through the inside of the strip hole 12.

[0041] The wiring module 4 also includes a spring 25 and a limiting block 26. One end of the spring 25 is welded to the side of the slider 23, and the other end of the spring 25 is welded to the limiting block 26. The limiting block 26 is embedded in the interior of the sliding groove 37. Both ends of the limiting block 26 have integrally formed protruding limiting strips. The limiting block 26 is locked onto the surface of the lower hanging plate 36 by the protruding limiting strips.

[0042] The bottom of the long gear 35 meshes with the rack 22. The limiting block 26 is used to pull the slider 23 in conjunction with the spring 25. The limiting block 26 is also used to move along the inside of the sliding groove 37.

[0043] With the above structure, the embodiments of the present invention do not require locking each terminal block, so the operation steps are simple and convenient, and the subsequent multiple switching diagnostic testing process is more efficient. When the shielding component 3 is opened, the power of the motor 11 part can also be directly cut off, avoiding the discovery of the situation where the conductive plate 28 part is not completely hidden inside the shielding box 14 when the shielding component 3 is opened due to improper operation or equipment failure.

[0044] Specifically, after the shielding component 3 covers the terminals, it is then fitted onto the terminals that need to be connected via the sleeve frame 27. In this state, the motor 11 is started, and the rotation of the motor 11 drives the drive shaft 34 and the long gear 35 to rotate, which in turn drives the two racks 22 at the bottom to move, thereby controlling the translational movement of the entire wiring module 4. During this process, the pull column 20 moves the sleeve frame 27, which presses the conductive plate 28 onto one side of the terminals on the voltage transformer under test, generating greater pressure to connect the circuit and enable subsequent testing. After the diagnostic test is completed, whether the motor 11 is manually rotated in the opposite direction or the shielding component 3 is lifted due to misoperation, the spring 25 will pull the slider 23 to move in the opposite direction, and the pull column 20 will be reset, pushing the sleeve frame 27 at the end until the conductive plate 28 is reset and embedded into the shielding box 14. At this time, the conductive plate 28 is hidden and separated from the terminals.

[0045] In this embodiment, the temperature monitoring module 5 includes: a top plate 30, a rotating base 31, an inclined plate 32, and a temperature sensing module 33. The top plate 30 is welded to the end of the pulling column 20. The rotating base 31 is welded to the surface of the top plate 30. The inclined plate 32 is sleeved on the surface of the rotating base 31. The temperature sensing module 33 is installed at the end of the inclined plate 32. The temperature sensing module 33 is used to abut against the housing of the voltage transformer under test. A torsion spring is sleeved at the connection between the end of the inclined plate 32 and the rotating base 31. The torsion spring is used to control the top of the inclined plate 32 and the part of the temperature sensing module 33 to always keep in an upward tilted state.

[0046] During the diagnostic process, when the motor 11 drives the sleeve frame 27 to move backward, it can work with the temperature monitoring module 5 to press against the surface of the voltage transformer under test to detect the temperature parameters. This process can also be applied to different voltage transformers under test within a certain range, thus expanding the scope of application.

[0047] Specifically, after the motor 11 is reset, the pull column 20 is pushed forward, which can push the inclined plate 32 towards the voltage transformer under test, and finally bring the temperature sensing module 33 at the end into contact with the housing surface of the voltage transformer under test, so as to realize the purpose of detecting the surface temperature of the voltage transformer under test, thereby determining whether there is any abnormal temperature phenomenon during the previous power-on diagnosis process. During this process, as the inclined plate 32 rotates, the torsion spring at the bottom twists, which can perform contact detection on voltage transformers of different specifications, thus expanding the scope of application. The temperature sensing module 33 is an existing mature technology and is not within the protection scope of this invention. Therefore, its internal structure and circuit parameters are not described in detail here. This invention only uses the temperature sensing module 33 to achieve the temperature monitoring purpose required in the above embodiment.

[0048] In the above description, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0049] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following significant advantages: Through the linkage design of the rotating mechanism, shielding component, and wiring module, this invention eliminates the need for individual locking of each terminal, greatly simplifying operation and improving the efficiency of multiple switching diagnostic tests. Simultaneously, the shielding component provides continuous shielding protection to the terminals during the diagnostic process. After testing, a spring reset automatically embeds the conductive plate into the shielding box for concealment. Furthermore, opening the shielding component simultaneously de-energizes the motor, effectively avoiding the risk of exposed conductive structures due to improper operation or equipment malfunction, significantly improving the safety of testing under high-voltage conditions. In addition, the temperature monitoring module, utilizing a torsion spring-driven inclined plate structure, can adapt to different specifications of voltage transformers under test, expanding the system's applicability. Combined with multi-modal data acquisition and intelligent algorithm fusion analysis, it further ensures the accuracy of fault diagnosis and the reliability of future fault risk prediction, providing strong support for efficient and safe operation and maintenance of the power grid.

[0050] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Therefore, any equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A voltage transformer fault diagnosis and prediction system, characterized in that, include: The system includes a data acquisition and preprocessing unit, a signal processing and feature extraction unit, and a fault diagnosis and prediction unit. The data acquisition and preprocessing unit is equipped with a data acquisition device, which specifically includes a diagnostic platform (1), a rotating mechanism (2), a shielding component (3), a wiring module (4), and a temperature monitoring module (5). The diagnostic platform (1) is provided with a support structure for supporting the rotating mechanism (2). The rotating mechanism (2) is connected to the shielding component (3) to drive the shielding component (3) to rotate. The shielding component (3) is used to shield and protect the voltage transformer under test and to press and position it. The wiring module (4) is inserted into the shielding component (3), and its end is fixedly connected to the temperature monitoring module (5). The wiring module (4) is provided with a sleeve structure for fitting the wiring terminals of the voltage transformer under test, and a conductive structure that is conductively attached to the wiring terminals. The shielding assembly (3) is provided with a first conductive element (6), and the diagnostic platform (1) is provided with a second conductive element (19) adapted to the first conductive element (6). When the rotating mechanism (2) drives the shielding assembly (3) to rotate to cover the voltage transformer under test, the sleeve structure is fitted with the wiring terminal and the conductive structure is in contact with the wiring terminal. The first conductive element (6) and the second conductive element (19) are connected to supply power to the driving component of the wiring module (4). The data acquisition and preprocessing unit is used to acquire the voltage, current parameters and shell temperature parameters of the voltage transformer under test. The signal processing and feature extraction unit includes a transmission module, an embedded processor and an intelligent algorithm engine. The transmission module transmits the acquired multi-modal parameter signals to the embedded processor. The intelligent algorithm engine is used to extract fault-sensitive features and perform multi-feature fusion. The fault diagnosis and prediction unit is used to diagnose the current fault type and predict future fault risks based on the fused fault sensitivity features.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support structure consists of two end plates (16) symmetrically welded to the surface of the diagnostic platform (1). The rotating mechanism (2) includes a rotating shaft (18). The two ends of the rotating shaft (18) are respectively embedded in the two end plates (16) through bearings, so as to realize the movable connection between the rotating mechanism (2) and the support structure.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism (2) further includes a rotating disk (17), a docking sleeve (7), and a connecting rod (8). The rotating disk (17) is screwed to one end of the rotating shaft (18) and has a handle on its surface. The docking sleeve (7) is sleeved on the surface of the rotating shaft (18) and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (18). The docking sleeve (7) is fixedly connected to the shielding assembly (3) through the connecting rod (8), forming a transmission connection structure between the rotating mechanism (2) and the shielding assembly (3).

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The shielding assembly (3) includes a shielding plate (38), a shielding box (14), a power compartment (10), a lower hanging plate (36), and a counterweight rod (9). One end of the shielding plate (38) is integrally formed with a groove (13). The shielding box (14) is welded to the bottom of the end of the groove (13), and one side of it is open to accommodate the wiring module (4). The power compartment (10) is screwed to the surface of the shielding plate (38). The lower hanging plate (36) is welded to the bottom surface of the shielding plate (38), and its surface is provided with a sliding groove (37). The counterweight rod (9) is connected to the docking sleeve (7) through the connecting rod (8).

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The wiring module (4) has a socket structure specifically a socket frame (27), and a conductive structure specifically a conductive plate (28) embedded in one side of the inner wall of the socket frame (27). The wiring module (4) also includes a pull post (20), a sliding plate (21), a rack (22), a slider (23), a spring (25), and a limiting block (26). One end of the pull post (20) is integrally formed with the socket frame (27), and the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (21). The rack (22) is welded to the top of the sliding plate (21). The slider (23) is welded to the surface of the pull post (20) and passes through the strip hole (12) of the shielding plate (38). One end of the spring (25) is connected to the slider (23), and the other end is connected to the limiting block (26). The limiting block (26) is embedded in the sliding groove (37) and is secured to the surface of the lower hanging plate (36) by the limiting strip.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The temperature monitoring module (5) includes a top plate (30), a rotating base (31), an inclined plate (32), and a temperature sensing module (33). The top plate (30) is welded to the end of the pulling column (20). The rotating base (31) is fixed to the surface of the top plate (30). The inclined plate (32) is sleeved on the rotating base (31) and connected to the rotating base (31) through a torsion spring. The temperature sensing module (33) is installed at the end of the inclined plate (32). The torsion spring is used to keep the temperature sensing module (33) in an upward tilted state.

7. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The driving component of the wiring module (4) is a motor (11). The motor (11) is installed inside the power compartment (10), and its output end is connected to a drive shaft (34). A long gear (35) is fixed on the surface of the drive shaft (34). The long gear (35) passes through the baffle plate (38) and meshes with the rack (22) of the wiring module (4), forming a transmission structure in which the motor (11) drives the wiring module (4) to translate.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The shielding box (14) is used to accommodate the reset conductive plate (28) after the detection is completed; when the rotating mechanism (2) drives the shielding assembly (3) to lift, the first conductive element (6) separates from the second conductive element (19), the motor (11) is de-energized, the spring (25) pulls the slider (23) to reset, and drives the conductive plate (28) to be embedded inside the shielding box (14).

9. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that, A pull rod (24) is inserted at the top of the slider (23). The pull rod (24) is used to manually pull the slider (23) along the strip hole (12) to adjust the position of the wiring module (4) and adapt to multiple wiring terminals of the voltage transformer under test.

10. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition and preprocessing unit acquires parameters through Rogowski coils and distributed data acquisition units, including ambient humidity; the intelligent algorithm engine uses wavelet transform to decompose high-frequency transient components, FFT to analyze harmonic distortion rate, and extracts fault-sensitive features. The fault diagnosis and prediction unit predicts the probability of failure within the next 72 hours based on a spatiotemporal graph neural network.

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