Photovoltaic water collection system and method of controlling the same

Abstract

This disclosure provides a photovoltaic water collection system and its control method, relating to the field of photovoltaic technology. The photovoltaic water collection system includes: a photovoltaic module comprising a frame and a photovoltaic panel, the frame being connected to the photovoltaic panel and supporting it; the photovoltaic panel being tilted and having a first end and a second end positioned opposite each other, the first end being less than the second end being less than the second end being less than the ground; a water collection component comprising a guide channel and a water tank, the guide channel being fixedly connected to the frame and located directly below the first end, the guide channel extending along the extension direction of the first end, the guide channel being connected to the water tank via a pipeline, the inner wall of the water tank being provided with an elastic material layer, the elastic material layer forming a receiving cavity for holding water; a temperature control component for controlling the water temperature in the receiving cavity to decrease by a specified amount when the water temperature in the receiving cavity decreases; and a controller electrically connected to the temperature control component and configured to control the system to switch between multiple preset operating modes based on at least one preset condition, thereby improving reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and more specifically, to a photovoltaic water collection system and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] Abundant solar energy resources are distributed in arid regions such as deserts, Gobi, and wastelands, making them key areas for photovoltaic power generation.

[0003] However, arid regions experience dry weather, harsh environments, and frequent sandstorms. Dust deposits on the surface of photovoltaic panels cause reduced power generation efficiency and damage to the modules, necessitating regular cleaning. However, the water collection tanks in existing photovoltaic water collection systems are prone to freezing damage during sudden temperature drops (e.g., water freezing), reducing reliability.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure provides a photovoltaic water collection system and its control method, which can improve reliability.

[0006] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a photovoltaic water collection system is provided, comprising: A photovoltaic module includes a frame and a photovoltaic panel. The frame is connected to the photovoltaic panel and is used to support the photovoltaic panel. The photovoltaic panel is inclined and has a first end and a second end that are opposite to each other. The distance between the first end and the ground is less than the distance between the second end and the ground. The water collection assembly includes a flow channel and a water tank. The flow channel is fixedly connected to the frame and is located directly below the first end. The flow channel extends along the extension direction of the first end. The flow channel is connected to the water tank through a pipeline. The inner wall of the water tank is provided with an elastic material layer, and the elastic material layer forms a receiving cavity for holding water. A temperature control component is used to control the water temperature in the receiving cavity to decrease by a specified amount when the water temperature in the receiving cavity drops. The controller is electrically connected to the temperature control component and is configured to control the system to switch between multiple preset operating modes based on at least one preset condition; Among them, the plurality of preset working modes include at least a first working mode and a second working mode; the energy consumption of the system in the first working mode is lower than the energy consumption of the system in the second working mode; the temperature control component has a higher ability to regulate water temperature in the second working mode than it does in the first working mode.

[0007] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the temperature control component includes a temperature detector and a heating element; The temperature detector and the heating element are disposed in the receiving cavity. The temperature detector is used to detect the water temperature in the receiving cavity and send the temperature detection value to the controller at a fixed frequency according to the detected water temperature. The controller is used to receive the temperature detection value, generate a temperature change based on the previous temperature detection value and the next temperature detection value, and compare the temperature change with the specified change; the controller is used to control the heating element to heat the water in the containment cavity when the temperature change is greater than the specified change, so that the temperature change is not greater than the specified change. The controller is also used to acquire the water level information in the water tank in real time, and to prevent the heating element from starting when the water level in the water tank is lower than the first preset water level.

[0008] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the controller is further configured to control the heating element to stop heating when the temperature change is not greater than the specified change.

[0009] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the photovoltaic water collection system further includes a water treatment component; The water treatment assembly includes a treatment tank, a water pump, and a filter; wherein the water pump, the filter, and the controller are located inside the treatment tank, the water tank, the water pump, and the filter are connected in sequence through pipelines, and the filter has a clean water outlet, which is used to filter water from the water tank and discharge it from the clean water outlet. Before the water pump is started, the controller compares the temperature detection value with a preset temperature value. When the temperature detection value is less than the preset temperature value, the controller controls the heating element to heat up. When the temperature detection value is not less than the preset temperature value, the controller controls the water pump to start. The controller is also used to prevent the water pump from starting and issue a water shortage alarm when the water level in the water tank is lower than the second preset water level, wherein the first preset water level is greater than the second preset water level.

[0010] In one embodiment of this disclosure, an ultraviolet lamp is provided in the receiving cavity; Before the water pump is started, the controller is also used to adjust the sterilization intensity of the ultraviolet lamp according to the changing trend of the absolute value of the difference between the previous temperature detection value and the next temperature detection value. The controller is also used to acquire the cumulative water volume processed by the filter in real time, and control the system to enter the cleaning mode when the cumulative water volume processed reaches a first preset threshold.

[0011] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the controller is further configured to control the ultraviolet lamp to increase the sterilization intensity when the absolute value of the difference between the previous temperature detection value and the next temperature detection value gradually increases.

[0012] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the filter includes a housing and a first filter screen disposed in the inner cavity of the housing. The first filter screen divides the inner cavity of the housing into a first chamber and a second chamber. The inner cavity of the water pump is connected to the first chamber through a pipeline, and the purified water outlet is connected to the second chamber. The photovoltaic water collection system also includes a cleaning nozzle, which is located above the second end and is connected to the clean water outlet via a pipeline. In the cleaning mode, the controller is used to control the cleaning nozzle to clean the photovoltaic panel.

[0013] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the filter further includes a second filter screen disposed in the second chamber, which divides the second chamber into a first sub-chamber and a second sub-chamber. The first sub-chamber and the second sub-chamber are respectively connected to the first chamber through the first filter screen, and the second sub-chamber is connected to the purified water outlet. The water treatment assembly further includes a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, a fourth valve, and a fifth valve; wherein, the water pump is connected to the first sub-chamber via the first valve, the first chamber is connected to the drain outlet via the second valve and the third valve in sequence, the first chamber is connected to the water pump via the fourth valve, the clean water outlet is connected to the cleaning nozzle via the fifth valve, the water pump is connected to the second valve, the third valve, and the fourth valve respectively, and the controller is used to control the opening and closing of the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, and the fifth valve; In the cleaning mode, the controller is also used to control the opening and closing states of the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, and the fifth valve according to the cumulative water volume reaching a first preset threshold, so that the water flow reverses to flush the first filter screen and / or the second filter screen, and cleans the photovoltaic panel through the cleaning nozzle.

[0014] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the plurality of preset working modes further include a third working mode and a fourth working mode; In the first working mode, the controller is used to control the opening of the water pump, the fourth valve, and the fifth valve; In the second operating mode, the controller is used to control the opening of the water pump, the first valve, the second valve, and the third valve; In the third operating mode, the controller is used to control the opening of the second valve and the third valve; In the fourth operating mode, the controller is used to control the water pump and the third valve to open; The controller automatically switches between the first working mode and the fourth working mode based on at least one preset condition among the cumulative processed water volume, water tank level, and water temperature. The controller is also configured to: When the water temperature is lower than the first temperature threshold and the duration reaches the first preset duration, the current working mode is switched to the second working mode; When the water temperature is higher than the second temperature threshold and the duration reaches the second preset duration, the current working mode is switched from the second working mode back to the original working mode, wherein the first temperature threshold is lower than the second temperature threshold, and the first preset duration is the same as or different from the second preset duration. When the cumulative treated water volume reaches the second preset threshold and the water level in the tank is higher than the third preset water level, the speed of the water pump is increased. If the cumulative treated water volume is still lower than the second preset threshold after the water pump speed reaches the maximum speed, the system switches to the second working mode for backwashing.

[0015] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a control method for a photovoltaic water collection system is also provided, applied to the aforementioned photovoltaic water collection system, the control method comprising: The temperature detector sends temperature detection values ​​to the controller at a fixed frequency based on the detected water temperature. The controller receives the temperature detection value, generates a temperature change based on the previous and next temperature detection values, and compares the temperature change with a specified change. When the temperature change exceeds the specified change, the controller controls the heating element to heat the water in the containment chamber. When the temperature change is not greater than the specified change, the heating element is controlled to stop heating; When the water level in the tank is lower than the first preset water level, the heating element is prohibited from starting. When the water temperature is lower than the first temperature threshold and the duration reaches the first preset time, the system will switch to the second working mode. When the water temperature exceeds the second temperature threshold and the duration reaches the second preset duration, the system will switch back from the second working mode to the original working mode.

[0016] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic water collection system in one embodiment of this disclosure.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a control method for a photovoltaic water collection system in one embodiment of this disclosure.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Photovoltaic module; 11. Frame; 12. Photovoltaic panel; 2. Water collection module; 21. Flow channel; 22. Water tank; 221. Elastic material layer; 222. Ultraviolet lamp; 3. Temperature control module; 31. Temperature detector; 32. Controller; 33. Heating element; 4. Water treatment module; 41. Treatment tank; 42. Water pump; 43. Filter; 431. Housing; 432. First filter screen; 433. Second filter screen; 44. First valve; 45. Second valve; 46. Third valve; 47. Fourth valve; 48. Fifth valve; 5. Cleaning nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and therefore detailed descriptions of them will be omitted. Furthermore, the drawings are merely illustrative of this disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0022] Although relative terms such as "up" and "down" are used in this specification to describe the relative relationship of one component of an icon to another, these terms are used only for convenience, such as according to the orientation of the examples shown in the accompanying drawings. It is understood that if the device of the icon is flipped upside down, the component described as "up" will become the component described as "down." When a structure is "up" of another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed on the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" mounted on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" mounted on the other structure through another structure.

[0023] The terms “a,” “one,” “the,” “the,” and “at least one” are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements / components / etc.; the terms “including” and “having” are used to indicate an open-ended inclusion and to mean that there may be other elements / components / etc. in addition to the listed elements / components / etc.; the terms “first,” “second,” and “third,” etc., are used only as markers and are not a limitation on the number of objects.

[0024] This disclosure provides a photovoltaic water collection system. See also... Figure 1 The photovoltaic water collection system includes a photovoltaic module 1, a water collection module 2, a temperature control module 3, and a controller 32. The photovoltaic module 1 includes a frame 11 and a photovoltaic panel 12. The frame 11 is fixedly connected to the photovoltaic panel 12 and supports the photovoltaic panel 12. The photovoltaic panel 12 is inclined and has a first end and a second end positioned opposite each other. The distance between the first end and the ground is less than the distance between the second end and the ground. The water collection module 2 includes a flow channel 21 and a water tank 22. The flow channel 21 is fixedly connected to the frame 11 and is located directly below the first end. The flow channel 21 extends along the extension direction of the first end and is connected to the water tank 22 via a pipe. The inner wall of the water tank 22 is provided with an elastic material layer 221, which forms a cavity for holding water. The temperature control module 3 controls the water temperature in the cavity to decrease by a specified amount when the water temperature in the cavity drops. The controller 32 is electrically connected to the temperature control component 3 and is configured to control the system to switch between multiple preset operating modes based on at least one preset condition; wherein the multiple preset operating modes include at least a first operating mode and a second operating mode; the energy consumption of the system in the first operating mode is lower than the energy consumption of the system in the second operating mode; and the temperature control component 3 has a higher ability to regulate water temperature in the second operating mode than it does in the first operating mode.

[0025] The switching between the first and second operating modes is automatically executed by the controller 32 according to preset conditions. In the first operating mode, the temperature control component 3 operates at low power or intermittently to maintain basic temperature monitoring, resulting in low energy consumption. In the second operating mode, the temperature control component 3 operates at full power, and the heating element 33 continuously or frequently starts and stops, responding quickly to temperature changes and enhancing its regulation capability. The preset conditions include the rate of water temperature change, ambient temperature, and time period. When a rapid drop in water temperature is detected or the ambient temperature falls below the warning value, the controller 32 automatically switches to the second operating mode.

[0026] In this way, the photovoltaic module 1 converts solar energy into electrical energy. The tilted photovoltaic panel 12 collects rainwater during rainfall. The rainwater flows along the surface of the panel to the first end, falls into the guide channel 21 directly below, and flows into the storage chamber of the water tank 22 through pipes. By providing an elastic material layer 221 on the inner wall of the water tank 22, when the ambient temperature drops suddenly and the water in the storage chamber increases due to freezing, the elastic material layer 221 can be compressed to absorb the expansion of the water when it freezes, thereby preventing the water tank 22 from freezing and improving the reliability of the photovoltaic water collection system. At the same time, the elastic material layer 221 can effectively buffer the impact force when water flows in, reduce water splashing and noise, and avoid corrosion problems caused by direct contact between the inner wall of the water tank 22 and the water, thus extending the service life of the water tank 22. Furthermore, during the water freezing process, the temperature control component 3 monitors the water temperature in real time. When the water temperature drops beyond a specified amount, the temperature control component 3 can control the water temperature to decrease by the specified amount, preventing a rapid drop in water temperature from affecting the performance of the elastic material layer 221, further protecting the water tank 22 and improving the reliability of the photovoltaic water collection system. Finally, the controller 32 switches between a first operating mode (low energy consumption) and a second operating mode (high adjustment capability) according to environmental conditions and operational requirements, which helps to balance energy consumption and temperature control needs.

[0027] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the elastic material layer 221 may be made of materials such as EVA foam, silicone foam, or polyethylene foam.

[0028] In one embodiment of this disclosure, see Figure 1 The temperature control component 3 includes a temperature detector 31 and a heating element 33. The temperature detector 31 and heating element 33 are disposed within the receiving cavity. The temperature detector 31 detects the water temperature in the receiving cavity and sends temperature detection values ​​to the controller 32 at a fixed frequency based on the detected water temperature. The controller 32 receives the temperature detection values, generates a temperature change based on the previous and next temperature detection values, and compares the temperature change with a specified change. When the temperature change exceeds the specified change, the controller 32 controls the heating element 33 to heat the water in the receiving cavity, ensuring that the temperature change does not exceed the specified change. The controller 32 also acquires real-time water level information in the water tank 22 and disables the heating element 33 when the water level in the water tank 22 is below a first preset water level.

[0029] Thus, by sampling at a fixed frequency using the temperature detector 31 and comparing the magnitude of the temperature change with a specified change using the controller 32, closed-loop precise control of the water temperature drop rate is achieved. This avoids sudden temperature changes in the water tank 22, which helps extend the service life of the elastic material layer 221 and improves the temperature control stability and maintainability of the photovoltaic water collection system. Furthermore, when the water level in the water tank 22 is lower than the first preset water level, the heating element 33 is not activated to prevent ineffective heating when the water level in the tank 22 is too low, thereby extending the service life of the heating element 33.

[0030] It should be noted that when the temperature detector 31 sends two adjacent temperature detection values, one of the temperature detection values ​​is the previous temperature detection value and the other temperature detection value is the next temperature detection value, and the sending time of the previous temperature detection value is earlier than the sending time of the next temperature detection value.

[0031] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the controller 32 is further configured to control the heating element 33 to stop heating when the temperature change is not greater than a specified change. Thus, when the water temperature change is less than the specified change, the heating element 33 does not heat, avoiding overheating and thus reducing energy consumption and improving economy.

[0032] In one embodiment of this disclosure, see Figure 1 The photovoltaic water collection system also includes a water treatment component 4. The water treatment component 4 includes a treatment tank 41, a water pump 42, and a filter 43. The water pump 42, filter 43, and controller 32 are located inside the treatment tank 41. The water tank 22, water pump 42, and filter 43 are connected sequentially via pipelines. The filter 43 has a clean water outlet and is used to filter water from the water tank 22 before discharging it through the clean water outlet. Before the water pump 42 starts, the controller 32 compares the detected temperature value with a preset temperature value. When the detected temperature value is lower than the preset temperature value, the controller controls the heating element 33 to heat the water. When the detected temperature value is not lower than the preset temperature value, the controller controls the water pump 42 to start. The controller 32 also prevents the water pump 42 from starting and issues a water shortage alarm when the water level in the water tank 22 is lower than a second preset water level. The first preset water level is higher than the second preset water level. Thus, when water is used, since water may freeze, the water in the receiving chamber is heated to a preset temperature before the water pump 42 starts, ensuring that the outlet water temperature meets the standard, reducing equipment failure under low-temperature conditions, and improving the quality of the outlet water and the reliability of the photovoltaic water collection system. Simultaneously, the water in the water tank 22 is filtered through the filter 43 to improve water quality. Furthermore, the controller 32 is also used to prevent the water pump 42 from starting and issue a water shortage alarm when the water level in the water tank 22 is lower than a second preset level, thereby extending the service life of the water pump 42 and providing feedback on water shortage information to personnel.

[0033] In one embodiment of this disclosure, when the temperature detection value is not less than the preset temperature value, the controller 32 controls the heating element 33 to not heat and controls the water pump 42 to start directly, which is suitable for scenarios where the water has not frozen, so as to improve the water output efficiency.

[0034] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the controller 32 has a control panel with multiple buttons, allowing operators to adjust preset temperature values ​​and specified change amounts as needed.

[0035] In one embodiment of this disclosure, see Figure 1 The containment chamber is equipped with an ultraviolet lamp 222. Before the water pump 42 starts, the controller 32 is also used to adjust the sterilization intensity of the ultraviolet lamp 222 according to the changing trend of the absolute value of the difference between the previous temperature detection value and the next temperature detection value. For example, the controller 32 is also used to control the ultraviolet lamp 222 to increase the sterilization intensity when the absolute value of the difference between the previous temperature detection value and the next temperature detection value gradually increases. The controller 32 is also used to obtain the cumulative treated water volume of the filter 43 in real time, and control the system to enter the cleaning mode when the cumulative treated water volume reaches a first preset threshold. In this way, the ultraviolet lamp 222 sterilizes the water in the containment chamber, reducing the risk of microbial contamination; the sterilization intensity is dynamically adjusted according to the changing trend of the absolute value of the temperature difference, and sterilization is strengthened when the water temperature increases rapidly, so that when the water temperature rises to the preset temperature value, the ultraviolet lamp 222 has just completed sterilization of the water, which facilitates the timely supply of sterilized water to the water pump 42, improving water supply efficiency and water quality. In addition, when the cumulative water volume reaches the first preset threshold, the system enters the cleaning mode to flush the photovoltaic panel 12, reduce the water volume in the filter 43, and ensure the stable operation of the system.

[0036] In one embodiment of this disclosure, see Figure 1 The filter 43 includes a housing 431 and a first filter screen 432 disposed in the inner cavity of the housing 431. The first filter screen 432 divides the inner cavity of the housing 431 into a first chamber and a second chamber. The inner cavity of the water pump 42 is connected to the first chamber through a pipeline, and the purified water outlet is connected to the second chamber. The photovoltaic water collection system also includes a cleaning nozzle 5, which is located above the second end and is connected to the purified water outlet through a pipeline. In cleaning mode, the controller 32 controls the cleaning nozzle 5 to clean the photovoltaic panel 12.

[0037] In this way, the water in the containment cavity is filtered through the first filter screen 432, and the dust on the photovoltaic panel 12 can be cleaned through the cleaning nozzle 5. Finally, it flows back to the water tank 22 through the guide channel 21. While cleaning the photovoltaic panel 12, it is also conducive to the closed-loop utilization of water.

[0038] In one embodiment of this disclosure, see Figure 1 The filter 43 also includes a second filter screen 433, which is located in the second chamber and divides the second chamber into a first sub-chamber and a second sub-chamber. The first sub-chamber and the second sub-chamber are respectively connected to the first chamber through the first filter screen 432, and the second sub-chamber is connected to the purified water outlet. The water treatment component 4 also includes a first valve 44, a second valve 45, a third valve 46, a fourth valve 47, and a fifth valve 48. The water pump 42 is connected to the first sub-chamber through the first valve 44. The first chamber is connected to the drain outlet through the second valve 45 and the third valve 46 in sequence. The first chamber is connected to the water pump 42 through the fourth valve 47. The purified water outlet is connected to the cleaning nozzle 5 through the fifth valve 48. The water pump 42 is connected to the second valve 45, the third valve 46, and the fourth valve 47 in turn. The controller 32 is used to control the opening and closing of the first valve 44, the second valve 45, the third valve 46, the fourth valve 47, and the fifth valve 48. In the cleaning mode, the controller 32 is also used to control the opening and closing states of the first valve 44, the second valve 45, the third valve 46, and the fifth valve 48 according to the cumulative water volume reaching the first preset threshold, so that the water flow reverses to flush the first filter screen 432 and / or the second filter screen 433, and cleans the photovoltaic panel 12 through the cleaning nozzle 5.

[0039] In this cleaning mode, the controller 32 can perform the following valve actions: close the fourth valve 47 and the fifth valve 48, and open the first valve 44, the second valve 45, and the third valve 46. Backwashing primarily targets the first filter screen 432; the high-speed water flow removes impurities trapped on the first filter screen 432, carrying them out of the drain. Simultaneously, if it is necessary to flush the second filter screen 433, the valve sequence can be adjusted, briefly opening the fourth valve 47 to create circulation, or increasing the speed of the water pump 42 to increase pressure. After backwashing, the fifth valve 48 can be opened to use the initial flushing water for pre-cleaning of the photovoltaic panel 12, achieving cascaded utilization of water resources. Furthermore, the controller 32 triggers the cleaning mode based on the cumulative treated water volume reaching a first preset threshold, automatically switching valve states and initiating backwashing. The backwashing time is set to 10-15 minutes, during which valves can be intermittently switched to change the water flow direction and improve the flushing effect. After flushing, the controller 32 restores the normal filtration state with the first valve 44, the fourth valve 47, and the fifth valve 48 open, and the second valve 45 and the third valve 46 closed.

[0040] Furthermore, the multiple preset operating modes also include a third operating mode and a fourth operating mode; wherein, in the first operating mode, the controller 32 is used to control the water pump 42, the fourth valve 47, and the fifth valve 48 to open; in the second operating mode, the controller 32 is used to control the water pump 42, the first valve 44, the second valve 45, and the third valve 46 to open; in the third operating mode, the controller 32 is used to control the second valve 45 and the third valve 46 to open; and in the fourth operating mode, the controller 32 is used to control the water pump 42 and the third valve 46 to open.

[0041] Thus, in the first working mode, the controller 32 controls the water pump 42, the fourth valve 47, and the fifth valve 48 to open, while the other valves are closed. At this time, the water in the water tank 22, under the action of the water pump 42, passes through the fourth valve 47 and enters the first chamber of the filter 43. After being filtered by the first filter screen 432 and the second filter screen 433, it flows out from the clean water outlet and is then delivered to the cleaning nozzle 5 through the fifth valve 48, realizing the cleaning operation of the photovoltaic panel 12. In the second working mode, the controller 32 controls the water pump 42, the first valve 44, the second valve 45, and the third valve 46 to open, while the other valves are closed. The water pump 42 delivers the water in the water tank 22 to the first sub-chamber to backwash the first filter screen 432. The wastewater generated during rinsing carries impurities into the first chamber and is then discharged from the drain outlet through the second valve 45 and the third valve 46, realizing the self-cleaning of the first filter screen 432. In the third operating mode, controller 32 controls the second valve 45 and the third valve 46 to open, while water pump 42 and the other valves are closed. The sludge deposited in the first chamber is discharged through the third valve 46, thus draining the first chamber. In the fourth operating mode, controller 32 controls the water pump 42 and the third valve 46 to open, while the other valves are closed. Water pump 42 draws wastewater from the bottom of the receiving chamber and discharges it through the third valve 46, thus draining the water tank 22. By switching between multiple operating modes, the filter 43 can maintain good filtration performance at all times, while extending the service life of the first filter screen 432 and the second filter screen 433, reducing maintenance costs.

[0042] Furthermore, the controller 32 automatically switches between the first working mode and the fourth working mode based on at least one preset condition among the cumulative water volume processed, the water level in the water tank 22, and the water temperature; Controller 32 is also configured as follows: When the water temperature is lower than the first temperature threshold and the duration reaches the first preset duration, the current working mode will be switched to the second working mode. When the water temperature is higher than the second temperature threshold and the duration reaches the second preset duration, the current working mode will be switched back to the original working mode from the second working mode; wherein, the first temperature threshold is lower than the second temperature threshold, and the first preset duration is the same as or different from the second preset duration. When the cumulative treated water volume reaches the second preset threshold and the water level in water tank 22 is higher than the third preset water level, the speed of water pump 42 is increased. If the cumulative treated water volume is still lower than the second preset threshold after the speed of water pump 42 reaches the maximum speed, the second working mode is switched to backwash. The second preset threshold is greater than the first preset threshold, and the third preset water level is greater than the first preset water level.

[0043] Thus, the mode switching conditions are comprehensively determined by the controller 32: the cumulative treated water volume is updated in real time based on the product of the pump 42's operating time and flow rate; the water level in the tank 22 is monitored in real time by a level sensor, and the water temperature is obtained in real time by a temperature detector 31. The controller 32 evaluates the preset conditions every 10 seconds, and performs a smooth transition when the switching conditions are met, first closing the relevant valves and then opening the new valve to prevent water hammer and crossflow. Simultaneously, the first temperature threshold is set to 2℃, the second temperature threshold is set to 5℃, and both the first and second preset durations are set to 30 minutes. If the water temperature remains below 2℃ for 30 minutes, it indicates insufficient normal temperature control, and the system switches to the second operating mode, utilizing the heat generated by the pump 42 and the frictional heat of the water flow to assist in raising the temperature. High-intensity backwashing also prevents the filter media from freezing and clogging. When the water temperature rises above 5℃ for 30 minutes, it indicates the risk has been eliminated, and the system switches back to the original operating mode (usually the first operating mode). Furthermore, the second preset threshold is set to 90% of the filter 43's designed processing capacity (e.g., 900m³), which is higher than the first preset threshold. When the cumulative treated water volume reaches this value and the water level is sufficient (above the third preset water level, set at 50% of the capacity of water tank 22), controller 32 first attempts to increase the speed of water pump 42 via frequency converter, from the rated speed of 2900 rpm to 3500 rpm (maximum speed), and the backwash flow rate increases accordingly to improve the flushing efficiency. If the speed has reached the maximum but the cumulative water volume has not dropped below the second preset threshold (indicating severe filter media clogging), it will be forcibly switched to the second working mode to perform full-power backwashing until the pressure difference returns to normal or the cumulative water volume is cleared to zero, in order to ensure the normal operation of the system and improve the reliability of the photovoltaic water collection system.

[0044] This disclosure also provides a control method for a photovoltaic water collection system; see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 The control methods include: Step S1: Temperature detector 31 sends temperature detection values ​​to controller 32 at a fixed frequency according to the detected water temperature. In step S2, the controller 32 receives the temperature detection value, generates a temperature change based on the previous and next temperature detection values, and compares the temperature change with a specified change. If the temperature change is greater than the specified change, the process jumps to step S3; if the temperature change is not greater than the specified change, the process jumps to step S4. Step S3: When the temperature change is greater than the specified change, the controller 32 controls the heating element 33 to heat the water in the container. Step S4: When the temperature change is not greater than the specified change, control the heating element 33 to stop heating; Step S5: When the water level in water tank 22 is lower than the first preset water level, the heating element 33 is prohibited from starting. Step S6: When the water temperature is lower than the first temperature threshold and the duration reaches the first preset duration, the system is switched to the second working mode. Step S7: When the water temperature is higher than the second temperature threshold and the duration reaches the second preset duration, the system is switched from the second working mode back to the original working mode.

[0045] In this way, by sampling at a fixed frequency by the temperature detector 31 and comparing the magnitude of the temperature change with the specified change by the controller 32, closed-loop precise control of the water temperature drop rate is achieved, avoiding sudden changes in water temperature in the water tank 22. This helps to improve the service life of the elastic material layer 221 and enhances the temperature control stability and maintainability of the photovoltaic water collection system.

[0046] It should be noted that although the steps of the control method in this disclosure are described in a specific order in the accompanying drawings, this does not require or imply that the steps must be performed in that specific order, or that all the steps shown must be performed to achieve the desired result. Additional or alternative steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step, and / or one step may be broken down into multiple steps.

[0047] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic water collection system, characterized in that, include: A photovoltaic module includes a frame and a photovoltaic panel. The frame is connected to the photovoltaic panel and is used to support the photovoltaic panel. The photovoltaic panel is inclined and has a first end and a second end that are opposite to each other. The distance between the first end and the ground is less than the distance between the second end and the ground. The water collection assembly includes a flow channel and a water tank. The flow channel is fixedly connected to the frame and is located directly below the first end. The flow channel extends along the extension direction of the first end. The flow channel is connected to the water tank through a pipeline. The inner wall of the water tank is provided with an elastic material layer, and the elastic material layer forms a receiving cavity for holding water. A temperature control component is used to control the water temperature in the receiving cavity to decrease by a specified amount when the water temperature in the receiving cavity drops. The controller is electrically connected to the temperature control component and is configured to control the system to switch between multiple preset operating modes based on at least one preset condition. Among them, the plurality of preset working modes include at least a first working mode and a second working mode; the energy consumption of the system in the first working mode is lower than the energy consumption of the system in the second working mode; In the second operating mode, the temperature control component has a higher ability to regulate water temperature than in the first operating mode.

2. The photovoltaic water collection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control component includes a temperature detector and a heating element; The temperature detector and the heating element are disposed in the receiving cavity. The temperature detector is used to detect the water temperature in the receiving cavity and send the temperature detection value to the controller at a fixed frequency according to the detected water temperature. The controller is used to receive the temperature detection value, generate a temperature change based on the previous temperature detection value and the next temperature detection value, and compare the temperature change with the specified change; the controller is used to control the heating element to heat the water in the containment cavity when the temperature change is greater than the specified change, so that the temperature change is not greater than the specified change. The controller is also used to acquire the water level information in the water tank in real time, and to prevent the heating element from starting when the water level in the water tank is lower than the first preset water level.

3. The photovoltaic water collection system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The controller is also configured to control the heating element to stop heating when the temperature change is not greater than the specified change.

4. The photovoltaic water collection system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The photovoltaic water collection system also includes water treatment components; The water treatment assembly includes a treatment tank, a water pump, and a filter; wherein the water pump, the filter, and the controller are located inside the treatment tank, the water tank, the water pump, and the filter are connected in sequence through pipelines, and the filter has a clean water outlet, which is used to filter water from the water tank and discharge it from the clean water outlet. Before the water pump is started, the controller compares the temperature detection value with a preset temperature value. When the temperature detection value is less than the preset temperature value, the controller controls the heating element to heat up. When the temperature detection value is not less than the preset temperature value, the controller controls the water pump to start. The controller is also used to prevent the water pump from starting and issue a water shortage alarm when the water level in the water tank is lower than the second preset water level, wherein the first preset water level is greater than the second preset water level.

5. The photovoltaic water collection system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cavity is equipped with an ultraviolet lamp; Before the water pump is started, the controller is also used to adjust the sterilization intensity of the ultraviolet lamp according to the changing trend of the absolute value of the difference between the previous temperature detection value and the next temperature detection value. The controller is also used to acquire the cumulative water volume processed by the filter in real time, and control the system to enter the cleaning mode when the cumulative water volume processed reaches a first preset threshold.

6. The photovoltaic water collection system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The controller is also used to control the ultraviolet lamp to increase the sterilization intensity when the absolute value of the difference between the previous temperature detection value and the next temperature detection value gradually increases.

7. The photovoltaic water collection system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The filter includes a housing and a first filter screen disposed in the inner cavity of the housing. The first filter screen divides the inner cavity of the housing into a first chamber and a second chamber. The inner cavity of the water pump is connected to the first chamber through a pipeline, and the purified water outlet is connected to the second chamber. The photovoltaic water collection system also includes a cleaning nozzle, which is located above the second end and is connected to the clean water outlet via a pipeline. In the cleaning mode, the controller is used to control the cleaning nozzle to clean the photovoltaic panel.

8. The photovoltaic water collection system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The filter further includes a second filter screen, which is disposed in the second chamber and divides the second chamber into a first sub-chamber and a second sub-chamber. The first sub-chamber and the second sub-chamber are respectively connected to the first chamber through the first filter screen, and the second sub-chamber is connected to the purified water outlet. The water treatment assembly further includes a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, a fourth valve, and a fifth valve; wherein, the water pump is connected to the first sub-chamber via the first valve, the first chamber is connected to the drain outlet via the second valve and the third valve in sequence, the first chamber is connected to the water pump via the fourth valve, the clean water outlet is connected to the cleaning nozzle via the fifth valve, the water pump is connected to the second valve, the third valve, and the fourth valve respectively, and the controller is used to control the opening and closing of the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, and the fifth valve; In the cleaning mode, the controller is also used to control the opening and closing states of the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, and the fifth valve according to the cumulative water volume reaching a first preset threshold, so that the water flow reverses to flush the first filter screen and / or the second filter screen, and cleans the photovoltaic panel through the cleaning nozzle.

9. The photovoltaic water collection system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The preset working modes also include a third working mode and a fourth working mode; In the first working mode, the controller is used to control the opening of the water pump, the fourth valve, and the fifth valve; In the second operating mode, the controller is used to control the opening of the water pump, the first valve, the second valve, and the third valve; In the third operating mode, the controller is used to control the opening of the second valve and the third valve; In the fourth operating mode, the controller is used to control the water pump and the third valve to open; The controller automatically switches between the first working mode and the fourth working mode based on at least one preset condition among the cumulative processed water volume, water tank level, and water temperature. The controller is also configured to: When the water temperature is lower than the first temperature threshold and the duration reaches the first preset duration, the current working mode is switched to the second working mode; When the water temperature is higher than the second temperature threshold and the duration reaches the second preset duration, the current working mode is switched from the second working mode back to the original working mode, wherein the first temperature threshold is lower than the second temperature threshold, and the first preset duration is the same as or different from the second preset duration. When the cumulative treated water volume reaches the second preset threshold and the water level in the tank is higher than the third preset water level, the speed of the water pump is increased. If the cumulative treated water volume is still lower than the second preset threshold after the water pump speed reaches the maximum speed, the system switches to the second working mode for backwashing.

10. A control method for a photovoltaic water collection system, applied to the photovoltaic water collection system of claim 2, characterized in that, The control method includes: The temperature detector sends temperature detection values ​​to the controller at a fixed frequency based on the detected water temperature. The controller receives the temperature detection value, generates a temperature change based on the previous and next temperature detection values, and compares the temperature change with a specified change. When the temperature change exceeds the specified change, the controller controls the heating element to heat the water in the containment chamber. When the temperature change is not greater than the specified change, the heating element is controlled to stop heating; When the water level in the tank is lower than the first preset water level, the heating element is prohibited from starting. When the water temperature is below the first temperature threshold and the duration reaches the first preset time, the system will switch to the second working mode. When the water temperature exceeds the second temperature threshold and the duration reaches the second preset duration, the system will switch back from the second working mode to the original working mode.

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