A smart campus security device based on the Internet of Things

Abstract

This invention discloses a smart campus security device based on the Internet of Things (IoT), belonging to the field of IoT positioning technology. It includes: an electronic school badge with a UWB positioning chip and an IoT module; multiple UWB base stations deployed within the school; electronic class sign screens installed at classroom entrances; an automatic tracking and monitoring device deployed according to the video surveillance range; and a school security backend hardware system and interactive terminal. The electronic school badge interacts with the UWB base stations for high-precision positioning; the electronic school badge works with the electronic class sign to achieve student location-based attendance; and the electronic school badge works with the automatic tracking and monitoring device to achieve location tracking. This invention solves the technical problems of fragmented existing campus security hardware, poor emergency response coordination, and low scenario adaptability; it achieves functions such as high-precision positioning, automatic location-based attendance, audio and video acquisition, anomaly recognition, local early warning, seat area monitoring, and abnormal acceleration monitoring, providing basic data support for subsequent management and control; and it is suitable for the security management needs of various primary and secondary schools and vocational schools.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of Internet of Things (IoT) positioning technology, and in particular to a smart campus security device based on IoT. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of IoT, AI, and big data technologies, smart campus construction has become a core direction for the digital transformation of the education industry. Among these, campus safety, as the bottom line for protecting the healthy growth of minors, is a core requirement and top priority in smart campus construction.

[0003] Currently, campus security in primary and secondary schools and vocational schools in my country relies heavily on scattered security hardware devices, lacking integrated smart security equipment. Existing campus security hardware suffers from numerous technical defects and implementation challenges.

[0004] Security hardware is severely fragmented; existing campus access control, monitoring, positioning, and emergency response hardware are mostly deployed independently, making it impossible to achieve hardware linkage and data interoperability, thus forming hardware silos; after a security incident, it is impossible to quickly link various security hardware to retrieve relevant data such as the trajectory, video, and identity of the personnel involved, resulting in delayed incident response and easy escalation of the situation.

[0005] The core data collection hardware has limited functionality and insufficient adaptability; existing student campus cards mostly only have basic functions such as access control and consumption, lacking security functions such as location tracking and emergency assistance; moreover, indoor and outdoor location coverage is incomplete and there are many location blind spots, making it impossible to fully trace the whereabouts of students on campus, which poses a great threat to campus security management.

[0006] There is a lack of dedicated prevention and control solutions for hidden safety incidents such as school bullying; existing monitoring hardware can only achieve post-event review and cannot achieve early warning and full-chain evidence collection, highlighting the difficulties in discovering, collecting evidence and handling bullying incidents.

[0007] In response to the shortcomings of existing technologies, there is an urgent need for a highly reliable smart campus security device based on the Internet of Things, which can fundamentally transform campus security risk management from "post-incident handling" to "pre-incident warning and in-process intervention". Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing an Internet of Things-based smart campus security device.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A smart campus security device based on the Internet of Things includes: an electronic school sign with a UWB positioning chip and an Internet of Things module, multiple UWB base stations deployed in the school, an electronic class sign screen installed at the classroom door, an automatic tracking and monitoring device deployed according to the video surveillance range, and a campus security backend hardware system and interactive terminal. The electronic school badge interacts with a UWB base station for high-precision positioning. The electronic school badge and electronic class badge work together to enable students to check in at their location; The electronic school badge works in conjunction with the automatic tracking and monitoring device to achieve location tracking.

[0010] In some embodiments, the electronic school badge has: an RFID+NFC dual-frequency chip, as well as a LoRa module and a Bluetooth module; This also includes: campus access control equipment; The electronic school badge communicates with the campus access control equipment in the near field to exchange information on entering and leaving the campus. When students leave the school, their travel data is checked based on their teaching schedule, leave information, and student identity information.

[0011] In some embodiments, the electronic school sign and the electronic class sign screen work together to form a seat-level electronic fence; When students arrive near the classroom, they can sign in by interacting with the electronic school badge and the electronic class badge screen. During normal class time, if the electronic school badge is detected to be away from its seat area for an extended period of time or to appear in an unauthorized area, it is judged as "abnormal departure / truancy"; a reminder is sent to the relevant person in charge, the security department and the electronic class badge screen.

[0012] In some embodiments, the electronic school badge is equipped with static detection logic and triggers a multi-source cross-validation mechanism; If the electronic school badge is placed on the desk, it will be detected as stationary; if there are no effective motion features for a continuous period of time, the multi-source cross-validation mechanism will be activated; the automatic tracking and monitoring device in the classroom or the classroom wide-angle camera will be scheduled to be aimed at the coordinate point; the AI ​​human detection algorithm will be activated to analyze whether there are "human" features at the coordinate point; If the student is present: if the student is determined to be sitting quietly and not triggering the alarm, reset the inactivity timer. If a person is not present: This is determined as "equipment left behind / person and machine separated", triggering a "suspected truancy / equipment left behind" warning.

[0013] In some embodiments, the electronic sign is equipped with an inertial measurement unit; When there are no abnormal actions, it enters a low-power sleep state; When abnormal movement is detected, a high-frequency positioning is triggered, and a monitoring, positioning, capture, and tracking request is sent.

[0014] In some embodiments, the electronic school sign is equipped with an emergency button and an indicator light; upon triggering, it performs high-frequency positioning and sends a monitoring capture request.

[0015] In some embodiments, the automatic tracking and monitoring device is equipped with: multi-camera collaboration and blind spot compensation functions; When a target moves from one monitoring area to another, tracking authority is automatically handed over to achieve seamless relay tracking; when the positioning signal is lost, the target trajectory is predicted based on the previous path and the last coordinates, and a fan-shaped scan search is performed until the target is visually recaptured.

[0016] In some embodiments, the interactive terminals include: a school management terminal, a teacher terminal, a security terminal, and a parent terminal; The school management system consists of a PC management terminal and a security dashboard, allowing users to view school-wide data and remotely control devices. The teacher's end is a smart tablet, which can be used to view student data in the class, locate and search for information, and process notifications. The security device is an explosion-proof handheld device that can only view data on the warning area / target student. The parent app is a WeChat mini-program, allowing parents to view only their own child's data.

[0017] In some embodiments, it also includes: an automatic tracking and monitoring device with a high-definition microphone, which is discreetly deployed in remote areas of the campus / stairwells; Real-time collection of audio and video data; AI identifies potential bullying risks; once an alert is triggered, the system tracks the entire process, integrating the location trajectory and audio and video records of the students involved to form a chain of evidence.

[0018] In some embodiments, it also includes: a wristband-type status monitoring terminal provided to the students involved; It integrates with electronic school ID cards to monitor heart rate and location trajectory in real time, and sends alerts when abnormalities occur.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention provides a smart campus security device based on the Internet of Things, which has the following beneficial effects.

[0020] 1. This invention solves the technical problems of fragmented campus security hardware, insufficient positioning accuracy, poor emergency response and low scene adaptability; it realizes functions such as high-precision positioning, automatic location check-in, audio and video acquisition, anomaly recognition, local early warning, seat area monitoring, and abnormal acceleration monitoring, providing basic data support for subsequent management and control.

[0021] 2. In this invention, seat area monitoring is achieved by linking the electronic school sign with a UWB base station and combining it with the preset classroom seating layout to accurately determine whether students are near their seats during school hours; abnormal acceleration monitoring is achieved by using the accelerometer built into the electronic school sign to capture abnormal motion states (such as falls, collisions, and malicious shaking) and trigger an early warning.

[0022] 3. The present invention deploys a back-end hardware system in the campus security center to realize data aggregation, AI analysis, early warning classification, security resource scheduling, data archiving, etc. It sets up a multi-level early warning mechanism to realize emergency closed-loop handling, forming a full-process control system of "location perception - location check-in - location tracking - emergency linkage - closed-loop handling".

[0023] 4. The interactive terminals of this invention include school management terminals, teacher terminals, security terminals, and parent terminals, enabling home-school collaboration and hierarchical execution in campus safety management.

[0024] 5. This invention sets up a special prevention and control function for school bullying, with deep linkage between various devices to form a closed-loop prevention and control system covering the entire process of "early warning - multi-source evidence collection - on-site handling - follow-up tracking - education and guidance", which specifically solves the problem of difficulty in preventing and controlling school bullying.

[0025] 6. This invention is suitable for the safety management needs of various primary and secondary schools and vocational schools.

[0026] Other advantages, objectives and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows; and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description; or may be learned from practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the communication relationship.

[0028] Figure 2 Exception handling process Figure 1 .

[0029] Figure 3 Exception handling process Figure 2 .

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic school badge.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the electronic school badge.

[0032] In the picture: 1. Electronic school badge; 2. UWB base station; 3. Electronic class badge; 4. Automatic tracking and monitoring device; 5. Campus access control equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0034] Reference Figure 1-5 A smart campus security device based on the Internet of Things includes: an electronic school sign 1 with a UWB positioning chip and an Internet of Things module, multiple UWB base stations 2 deployed within the school, an electronic class sign screen 3 installed at the classroom entrance, multiple automatic tracking and monitoring devices 4 deployed according to the video surveillance range, and a campus security backend hardware system and interactive terminal.

[0035] in: Electronic school badge 1 uses UWB base station 2 for high-precision positioning; Electronic school sign 1 and electronic class sign 3 work together to enable students to check in at their location; The electronic school badge 1 works in conjunction with the automatic tracking and monitoring device 4 to achieve positioning, capture, and tracking.

[0036] In some embodiments, the electronic school badge 1 has: an RFID+NFC dual-frequency chip, as well as a LoRa module and a Bluetooth module; Near-field communication enables functions such as card payment and identity recognition; in the network communication link, LoRaWAN is the main link and Bluetooth is the backup link.

[0037] The LoRaWAN main link is used for daily positioning and device status data transmission, with long transmission distance and low power consumption; the Bluetooth backup link uses the electronic class sign screen 3 as a relay node to achieve short-range communication; and automatic seamless switching of links is supported.

[0038] In some embodiments, it further includes: campus access control equipment 5.

[0039] The electronic school badge 1 communicates with the campus access control device 5 in the near field to record entry and exit information. When students leave the school, their travel data is checked based on their teaching schedule, leave information, and student identity information.

[0040] For example, day students are allowed to enter during non-teaching hours in the morning and evening; students who have requested leave are allowed to enter during regular teaching hours, etc.

[0041] In addition, after swiping the card to leave the school, the electronic school card 1 enters a silent state, loses its positioning function, and maintains ultra-low power consumption; after swiping the card again to enter the campus, it is activated to work.

[0042] In some embodiments, the electronic school sign 1 and the electronic class sign screen 3 work together to form a seat-level electronic fence.

[0043] When students arrive near the classroom, the electronic school sign 1 and the electronic class sign screen 3 interact to sign in; once inside the classroom and during class, the student's precise location is monitored.

[0044] Among these features, the student's identity ID is verified, and students who are not in the class will not be able to interact with the system. If a student who is not from this class stays for an extended period of time, a video surveillance alert (in the hallway or classroom) will be triggered, and manual verification will be required.

[0045] During normal class time, if the electronic school sign 1 is detected to have left its seat area for an extended period of time or to appear in unauthorized areas (such as the rooftop or the edge of the wall), it is judged as "abnormal departure / truancy"; a reminder is sent to the relevant person in charge (such as the subject teacher or homeroom teacher), the security department and the electronic class sign screen 3 (to facilitate timely detection by the patrolling teacher).

[0046] Specifically, based on the attendance information and classroom seating chart of the electronic class sign 3, a "corresponding seat area" is generated for each student, with the range set to a radius of 1.5 to 2.0 meters around the seat. During the set class time period, if the electronic school sign 1 continuously exceeds the "corresponding seat area" and no valid leave or outing record is detected, the system determines it as "abnormal absence" and sends a reminder.

[0047] In addition, a pre-set dangerous area on campus (such as the rooftop, power distribution room, and the edge of the wall) will be triggered immediately with the highest level alarm and the monitoring will be locked once the electronic school badge 1 enters the area, regardless of whether it is during class time.

[0048] It should be noted that if a student leaves their electronic school badge (1) on their desk and then leaves, relying solely on location judgment can lead to a false positive indicating the student is still seated, thus missing an abnormal departure. To address the vulnerability caused by the separation of human and machine, a static detection logic and a multi-source cross-validation mechanism are introduced.

[0049] The electronic calibration sign 1 is equipped with an inertial measurement unit (IMU), has static detection logic, and triggers a multi-source cross-validation mechanism.

[0050] Specifically, the motion status of the equipment is monitored using the inertial measurement unit built into the electronic badge 1; Normal state: When students wear the device, there will be slight breathing fluctuations, walking vibrations, or turning over, and the data will show dynamic changes. Abnormal static state: If the device is placed on a desk, the IMU will detect a long period of stillness (e.g., >15 minutes), with the acceleration variance approaching 0, the angular velocity being 0, and no attitude change.

[0051] Judgment based on static setting: If a certain electronic school badge 1 is detected to have no effective motion characteristics for a continuous period of time (e.g., 15 minutes) during class time, then the multi-source cross-validation mechanism will be activated.

[0052] Location locked: At this point, the location indicated that the device was in the "classroom seating area".

[0053] Visual verification: The automatic tracking and monitoring device 4 in the classroom or the wide-angle monitor in the classroom is directed to this coordinate point; Activate the AI ​​human detection algorithm to analyze whether there are human characteristics at this coordinate point.

[0054] Scenario A (person in the situation): If the AI ​​detects someone and the facial recognition matches, it determines that the student is sitting quietly (e.g., sleeping or daydreaming), does not trigger an alarm, and resets the inactivity timer.

[0055] Scenario B (Not present): The AI ​​failed to detect a person and determined it to be "device left behind / human-machine separation".

[0056] Action taken: Triggering a Level 2 alert for "Suspected truancy / Abandoned equipment"; A message is sent to the relevant person in charge (e.g., the teacher in charge and the class teacher): "Student XX's seat has been found to be unoccupied for more than 15 minutes. Please verify whether the student has left the school." The student is marked as "at risk of being out of contact".

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, the procedure for handling abnormal situations during class includes the following steps; Step 1: Sense Check-in The electronic school badge interacts with screen 1 and the electronic class badge screen 3, enabling automatic attendance within the designated area; Step 2: Data Collection Seat positioning data acquisition + inertial measurement; Step 3: Anomaly Detection Determine if the position / inertial data is abnormal; Step 4: Encrypt transmission LoRaWAN main link transmission, push data according to permissions + anomaly warning; Step 5: Multi-terminal interaction and exception handling The homeroom teacher / security personnel, etc., should investigate and handle the matter.

[0058] In some embodiments, the electronic badge 1 enters a low-power sleep state when there is no abnormal action; When abnormal movement is detected, a high-frequency positioning function is triggered, and a monitoring capture and tracking request is sent, along with a push notification.

[0059] The abnormal motions in the examples include, but are not limited to: Fall detection: Detects a momentary loss of weight followed by a violent impact, after which the person comes to a standstill. Running / Chasing: Continuous high-frequency large-amplitude shaking, with speeds exceeding the normal walking threshold, such as >5m / s; Violent struggle: A specific frequency of violent reciprocating vibrations was detected, suspected of being dragged or bullied while struggling.

[0060] Let's take two specific examples: Fall detection: When the IMU detects a “weightlessness-impact” characteristic waveform in the vertical acceleration direction, and the attitude angle remains stationary for more than a set threshold time (e.g., 30 seconds), the system determines it as a fall event and triggers an alarm; Violent struggle / conflict detection: When the acceleration waveform exhibits high-frequency, large-amplitude, and irregular oscillations, and the displacement velocity is abnormal, the system determines it as violent struggle or limb conflict; if this behavior occurs in a non-playground area or a restricted area, an alarm is triggered.

[0061] Once an anomaly is triggered, the nearest automatic tracking and monitoring device 4 is immediately invoked to quickly track the target and push an alert. The video stream before the incident (such as the first 60 seconds) is automatically retrieved and saved for manual review.

[0062] This solution achieves a qualitative leap from "post-event verification" to "pre-event warning and in-event intervention" through an active triggering mechanism, significantly improving the effectiveness of campus safety management.

[0063] In some embodiments, the electronic school badge 1 works in conjunction with the UWB base station 2 to record the student's historical activity trajectory.

[0064] If a student is detected to have stayed in a non-public rest area for more than a set threshold (e.g., 20 minutes) or to have repeatedly wandered back and forth in a small area (e.g., more than 5 times / 10 minutes), the system will determine it as "abnormal loitering" and mark the corresponding video segment; and prompt management personnel to pay attention to whether there is a risk of being bullied or having psychological abnormalities.

[0065] In some embodiments, the electronic school sign 1 is provided with an emergency button and an indicator light.

[0066] Preferably, the emergency button is recessed to reduce accidental touches; the indicator light is multi-color to indicate different states.

[0067] Upon triggering, the electronic school badge 1 interacts with the UWB base station 2 for high-frequency positioning and sends a monitoring capture and tracking request; at the same time, it sends a reminder to the relevant person in charge and the security department.

[0068] Please note: Set a policy for accidental presses; if you press and hold for more than a certain period of time (e.g., 2 seconds), an emergency request message will be sent.

[0069] This solution features a highly efficient multi-dimensional linkage control mechanism; it integrates UWB coordinates, class sign attendance data, and IMU attitude data to monitor students' location status and behavioral characteristics in real time; when it detects emergency distress signals, abnormal acceleration events (falls / struggles, etc.), abnormal absence from duty, intrusion into dangerous areas, or abnormal lingering, it automatically dispatches the automatic tracking and monitoring device 4 covering the area based on the fused high-precision coordinates, drives the pan-tilt unit to rotate to the target location, and uses AI vision algorithms to capture and continuously lock onto the wearer of the electronic school sign 1, forming a closed-loop process of "perception-analysis-tracking-early warning".

[0070] In some embodiments, the automatic tracking and monitoring device 4 is equipped with multi-camera collaboration and blind spot compensation functions.

[0071] When a target moves from one monitoring area to another, tracking authority is automatically handed over to achieve seamless relay tracking; when the positioning signal is lost, the target trajectory is predicted based on the previous path and the last coordinates, and a fan-shaped scan search is performed until the target is visually recaptured.

[0072] It should be noted that the automatic tracking and monitoring device 4 also has a pure visual recognition solution; in daily monitoring footage, it can identify in real time abnormal safety behaviors such as fighting, falling, climbing, abnormal gathering of multiple people (e.g., ≥5 people), unauthorized crossing of the perimeter, and prolonged stay in remote areas.

[0073] In some embodiments, the campus security backend hardware system realizes: data aggregation, AI analysis, early warning classification, resource scheduling, data archiving and system integration, and supports standardized integration with the superior education supervision platform, public security safe campus equipment and the school's existing academic affairs / one-card system.

[0074] Among them, a multi-level (such as red, yellow and green) early warning mechanism is set up to trigger different hardware linkage and handling procedures according to the severity of the security incident, so as to achieve differentiated linkage and handling.

[0075] In some embodiments, the interactive terminal includes: School management platform, teacher platform, security platform, and parent platform; Each terminal has its function and data viewing permissions divided according to the principle of least privilege, and all of them communicate with the backend in real time.

[0076] School management system: PC management terminal + security screen; View all school data, generate security reports, remotely manage devices, etc.; has the highest level of privileges.

[0077] Class teacher's device: Smart tablet or mobile phone; View student data for this class, locate and search for information, process notifications, contact parents, etc.

[0078] Security terminal: Explosion-proof handheld device; View only the data of students in the warning area / target area, patrol check-in, and equipment inspection; Upon receiving early warning signals such as abnormal positioning or abnormal acceleration, the system can go to the site to verify and report the handling results.

[0079] Parent's side: WeChat mini program; Users can view only their own child's data and interact with teachers.

[0080] In some embodiments, it also includes: an automatic tracking and monitoring device 4 with a high-definition microphone, which is deployed discreetly in remote areas / stairwells of the campus; providing a special function for preventing and controlling campus bullying.

[0081] Routine monitoring: Real-time collection of audio and video data, AI identification of potential bullying risks (argumentation sounds, abnormal actions, etc.).

[0082] Multi-source evidence collection: After the alert is triggered, the entire process is tracked, and the location trajectory, audio and video records of the students involved are integrated to form a chain of evidence.

[0083] On-site response: Send early warning information to the homeroom teacher (students identified by facial recognition), the school management system, and the security system to coordinate on-site response.

[0084] Educational guidance: Create a bullying incident handling file, and conduct joint psychological counseling and educational guidance by schools and parents.

[0085] It also includes: follow-up tracking; Equip the students involved with wristband-type status monitoring devices and pay close attention to them; It connects to the security network and links with the electronic school badge 1 to monitor heart rate, location trajectory, etc. in real time, and sends alerts when abnormalities occur.

[0086] like Figure 3 As shown, the procedure for handling abnormal situations outside the classroom includes the following steps; Step 1: Warning Trigger SOS / Location of Abnormalities / Abnormal Behavior / Bullying Warning, etc.; Step 2: Level Determination Determine the warning level and send an alert; Step 3: Equipment Linkage Monitoring and tracking + continuous location tracking; Step 4: On-site handling Security personnel / homeroom teachers, etc., handled the situation on-site. Step 5: Data Archiving Integrate evidence and handling records to form a file; Step 6: Follow-up tracking / reminders Follow up with subsequent tracking based on the event type.

[0087] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown; the electronic school badge 1 has a flat structure, with a hanging rope position designed to control the thickness.

[0088] Preferably, the thickness is controlled between 8-12mm; the shell is made of ABS flame-retardant engineering plastic with a protection level of IP67.

[0089] Internally, it includes power supply, storage, positioning modules, RFID+NFC dual-frequency chips, and IoT communication modules, etc.

[0090] The physical SOS emergency button is recessed and requires continuous pressing for more than 2 seconds with a pressing force greater than 50g to trigger.

[0091] In some embodiments, the electronic class sign screen 3 is an industrial-grade touch display terminal installed at the entrance of each classroom, integrating a UWB module, NFC / RFID card reader, IoT communication module, control chip, local storage, etc.; the electronic class sign screen 3 interacts with the electronic school sign 1 to complete automatic location check-in; and acts as an IoT relay node to realize indirect communication between the electronic school sign 1 and the backend; when the network is disconnected, the local control chip ensures functions such as location check-in and display of local early warning information; after receiving the SOS signal from the electronic school sign 1, the electronic class sign screen 3 pops up an early warning window in real time and forwards it to the backend; it receives early warning signals such as abnormal seating and abnormal acceleration, and pops up reminders on the screen, supports manual marking and handling, and forms a handling record.

[0092] This solution consists of four core components, forming a three-dimensional sensing network; Electronic school badge: a mobile sensing terminal integrating UWB, IoT, IMU, SOS, etc.; UWB base station: Spatial coordinate calculation node, grid-based deployment to achieve full coverage within the campus; Electronic class sign screen: regional anchor points are used for near-field verification and position correction to define specific seating areas; Automatic tracking and monitoring device: visual verification and dynamic tracking execution unit with automatic pan-tilt control capability.

[0093] The core workflow of this solution is as follows; Routine monitoring: Continuous location tracking, attitude data collection, and logic-based decision-making; Exception trigger: SOS / Fall / Struggle: IMU or SOS triggers, scheduling monitoring locks, and pushes an alarm; Absence / Intrusion / Lost in Place: Identify anomalies, dispatch monitoring to track the trajectory, and push alerts to teachers / security personnel; Proactive response: The monitoring system automatically turns, zooms, and follows, recording on-site audio and video to ensure complete evidence and create archives.

[0094] See the table below; the abnormal scenario handling provided by this solution includes, but is not limited to, the following:

[0095]

[0096] This solution provides a reliable smart campus security device that achieves: Full-scene high-precision positioning: seamless switching between outdoor and indoor environments, high precision, and support for seat-level detection; Multidimensional behavioral perception: Real-time monitoring of abnormal behaviors such as falls, struggles, running, leaving the post, intrusion, and lingering; Active visual tracking: When an alarm is triggered, the camera automatically "looks" at the scene and locks onto the target, providing real-time visual support; Tiered and precise early warning: Based on different risk levels, the warnings are automatically pushed to the corresponding responsible persons to promptly detect and intervene in the event before and during the event.

[0097] In this solution, after the hardware deployment is completed, debugging is carried out to ensure that the hardware at all levels works together and meets the functional standards. After debugging, it is put into normal operation. The debugging process can be referred to as follows.

[0098] Positioning function debugging: Test the communication stability between the electronic school sign and the UWB base station, and verify the positioning accuracy of ±20cm indoors and ±1m outdoors; eliminate positioning drift through Kalman filtering algorithm to ensure that there are no positioning blind spots on campus; simultaneously test the positioning accuracy of the seat area (e.g., ±50cm) to verify the matching between the seat layout preset and the positioning data.

[0099] Check-in function debugging: Test the automatic check-in response speed (≤1 second) and accuracy (100%) when the electronic school badge enters the classroom doorway (e.g., 3~5 meters), and verify the real-time synchronization of attendance data to each terminal.

[0100] Anomaly monitoring debugging: Test the sensitivity of abnormal acceleration monitoring and verify the early warning response speed (≤1 second); test seat area monitoring and verify the accuracy of abnormal early warning when students leave their seats within 1.5m range for more than 5 minutes during class, and eliminate false alarms in normal scenarios such as breaks and physical education classes.

[0101] Monitoring and tracking debugging: Simulate the SOS trigger of the electronic school sign to test the positioning capture and image tracking accuracy of the automatic tracking monitoring device.

[0102] Communication link debugging: Test the transmission stability and automatic switching effect of the LoRaWAN / Bluetooth link, simulate network outage scenarios, and verify the core function keep-alive and data synchronization mechanisms.

[0103] Early warning linkage debugging: Simulate different levels of early warning, test the corresponding hardware linkage, personnel push and resource scheduling effects, and verify that the early warning response delay is ≤2 seconds.

[0104] External integration and debugging: Testing the integration with higher-level education supervision platforms, safe campus equipment, school card systems, etc.

[0105] This invention provides an IoT-based smart campus security device that addresses the technical problems of fragmented campus security hardware, insufficient positioning accuracy, poor emergency response capabilities, and low scenario adaptability. The core components include intelligent electronic student badges with UWB positioning terminal chips and IoT modules, UWB base stations deployed throughout the campus, electronic class display screens at classroom entrances, and an automatic tracking and monitoring device covering the entire campus. It achieves functions such as high-precision positioning, automatic location-based attendance tracking, audio and video capture, anomaly recognition, local early warning, seating area monitoring, and abnormal acceleration monitoring, providing fundamental data support for subsequent management and control. Among them, the seating area monitoring system links electronic school badges with UWB base stations and combines them with preset classroom seating layouts to accurately determine whether students are near their seats during school hours; the abnormal acceleration monitoring system uses accelerometers built into electronic school badges to capture abnormal movement states (such as falls, collisions, and malicious shaking) and trigger warnings; the back-end hardware system deployed in the campus security center realizes data aggregation, AI analysis, warning classification, security resource scheduling, and data archiving, and sets up a multi-level warning mechanism to achieve emergency closed-loop handling, forming a full-process control system of "location perception - location check-in - location tracking - emergency linkage - closed-loop handling"; the interactive terminals include school management terminals, teacher terminals, security terminals, and parent terminals to realize home-school collaboration and hierarchical execution of campus safety management; it also sets up a special function for preventing and controlling school bullying, with deep linkage between various devices to form a full-process closed-loop prevention and control system of "pre-warning - multi-source evidence collection - on-site handling - follow-up tracking - education and guidance", which specifically solves the problem of difficult prevention and control of school bullying.

[0106] This solution is suitable for the safety management needs of various primary and secondary schools and vocational schools; it has at least the following beneficial effects: Full-dimensional perception: Upgraded from single monitoring to three-dimensional monitoring of "location + posture + logic", covering multiple risks such as falls, bullying, truancy, and intrusion, with no blind spots; Proactive defense: Shifts from "people searching for videos" to "videos searching for people," automatically locking onto the scene within seconds of an anomaly occurring; Precise management: Enables seat-level attendance and behavior analysis, greatly reducing the management burden on teachers; Highly adaptable: Based on mature commercial hardware integration, the cost is lower than that of traditional distributed solutions, making it easy to promote.

[0107] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0108] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0109] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart campus security device based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that, include: Electronic school sign with UWB positioning chip and Internet of Things module (1), multiple UWB base stations deployed in the school (2), electronic class sign screen installed at the classroom door (3), automatic tracking and monitoring device (4) arranged according to the video monitoring range, and school security back-end hardware system and interactive terminal; The electronic school badge (1) interacts with the UWB base station (2) for high-precision positioning; The electronic school sign (1) and the electronic class sign (3) work together to enable students to check in at their location; The electronic school badge (1) works in conjunction with the automatic tracking and monitoring device (4) to achieve positioning and tracking.

2. The campus smart security device based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic school badge (1) has: an RFID+NFC dual-frequency chip; and also includes: a campus access control device (5); The electronic school badge (1) communicates with the campus access control equipment (5) in the near field to exchange information on entering and leaving the school; When students leave the school, their travel data is checked based on their teaching schedule, leave information, and student identity information.

3. The campus smart security device based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic school sign (1) and the electronic class sign screen (3) work together to form a seat-level electronic fence; When students arrive near the classroom, the electronic school sign (1) and the electronic class sign screen (3) interact to sign in; During normal class time, if the electronic school sign (1) is detected to have left the seat area for a long time or appeared in an unauthorized area, it is judged as "abnormal departure / truancy"; a reminder is sent to the corresponding person in charge, security department and electronic class sign screen (3).

4. The campus smart security device based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic school badge (1) is equipped with static detection logic and triggers a multi-source cross-validation mechanism; If the electronic school badge (1) is placed on the desk, it will be detected as stationary; if there are no effective motion features for a continuous period of time, the multi-source cross-validation mechanism will be activated; the automatic tracking and monitoring device (4) in the classroom or the wide-angle monitoring in the classroom will be scheduled to be aimed at the coordinate point; the AI ​​human detection algorithm will be activated to analyze whether the coordinate point has the feature of a "person"; If the student is present: if the student is determined to be sitting quietly and not triggering the alarm, reset the inactivity timer. If a person is not present: This is determined as "equipment left behind / person and machine separated", triggering a "suspected truancy / equipment left behind" warning.

5. The campus smart security device based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic school sign (1) is equipped with an inertial measurement unit; When there is no abnormal action, it enters a low-power sleep state; When abnormal movement is detected, a high-frequency positioning is triggered, and a monitoring, positioning, capture, and tracking request is sent.

6. The campus smart security device based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic school sign (1) is equipped with an emergency button and an indicator light; after being triggered, it performs high-frequency positioning and sends a monitoring capture request.

7. The campus smart security device based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic tracking and monitoring device (4) is equipped with: multi-camera collaboration and blind spot compensation functions; When a target moves from one monitoring area to another, tracking permissions are automatically handed over to achieve seamless relay tracking. When the positioning signal is lost, the target trajectory is predicted based on the previous path and the last coordinates, and a fan-shaped scan search is performed until the target is visually recaptured.

8. The campus smart security device based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interactive terminals include: school management terminal, teacher terminal, security terminal, and parent terminal; The school management system consists of a PC management terminal and a security dashboard, allowing users to view school-wide data and remotely control devices. The teacher's end is a smart tablet, which can be used to view student data in the class, locate and search for information, and process notifications. The security device is an explosion-proof handheld device that can only view data on the warning area / target student. The parent app is a WeChat mini-program, allowing parents to view only their own child's data.

9. The campus smart security device based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An automatic tracking and monitoring device with a high-definition microphone is deployed discreetly in remote areas of the campus / stairwell (4). Real-time acquisition of audio and video data; AI identifies potential risks of bullying. Once the alert is triggered, the entire process is tracked, and the location trajectory, audio and video records of the students involved are integrated to form a chain of evidence.

10. The IoT-based smart campus security device according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: The students involved were provided with wristband-type status monitoring terminals; Linked with the electronic school badge (1), it monitors heart rate and location trajectory in real time and sends reminders when abnormalities occur.

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