Buffering mechanism in data collection and further enhancement of mdt

Abstract

An apparatus configured to: receive an RRC reconfiguration message, wherein the RRC reconfiguration message includes at least an MDT configuration and a data caching policy; determine corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, the one or more use cases being indicated using the MDT configuration; send an RRC reconfiguration completion message, wherein the RRC reconfiguration completion message includes at least one of the following: an indication of the determined corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, at least one data caching capability of the apparatus, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; and send a measurement report, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with at least one sample, wherein the at least one sample includes at least the determined content.

Description

Cross-references to related applications

[0001] This application claims priority to UK application number 2316784.4, filed on 2 November 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The exemplary and non-limiting embodiments generally relate to data collection, and more specifically to the caching of the collected data. Background Technology

[0003] In cellular communication, it is known that measurement data is stored in a cache for a predetermined period of time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The following description of the invention is for illustrative purposes only. It is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0005] According to one aspect, an apparatus includes: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: send to a base station at least: at least one data buffering capability of the apparatus and at least one data sample size; receive from the base station a configuration for performing data collection; send to the base station an instruction regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the received configuration for performing data collection; and send to the base station data of at least one of the one or more samples.

[0006] According to one aspect, a method includes: using a user equipment to send at least: at least one data buffering capability of the user equipment and at least one data sample size to a base station; receiving from the base station a configuration for performing data collection; sending to the base station an indication regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the received configuration for performing data collection; and sending to the base station data of at least one of the one or more samples.

[0007] According to one aspect, an apparatus includes components for: sending to a base station at least: at least one data buffering capability of the apparatus and at least one data sample size; receiving from the base station a configuration for performing data collection; sending to the base station an instruction regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the received configuration for performing data collection; and sending to the base station data of at least one of the one or more samples.

[0008] According to one aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes program instructions stored thereon for at least performing the following: causing the user equipment to transmit to a base station at least: at least one data buffering capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size; causing the user equipment to receive configuration from the base station for performing data collection; causing the user equipment to transmit to the base station an instruction regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the received configuration for performing data collection; and causing the user equipment to transmit to the base station data of at least one of the one or more samples.

[0009] According to one aspect, an apparatus includes: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: receive from a user equipment at least: at least one data caching capability of the user equipment and at least one data sample size; send to the user equipment a configuration for performing data collection; receive from the user equipment an instruction regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the received configuration for performing data collection; and send to the user equipment an instruction for transmitting data of at least one of the one or more samples, wherein the instruction for transmitting data of the one or more samples is at least partially based on the received instruction regarding the one or more samples.

[0010] According to one aspect, a method includes: receiving from a user equipment at least: at least one data buffering capability of the user equipment and at least one data sample size using a base station; sending to the user equipment a configuration for performing data collection; receiving from the user equipment an indication regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the configuration for performing data collection; and sending to the user equipment an indication for transmitting data of at least one of the one or more samples, wherein the indication for transmitting data of the one or more samples is at least partially based on the received indication regarding the one or more samples.

[0011] According to one aspect, an apparatus includes components for: receiving from a user equipment at least: at least one data buffering capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size; sending to the user equipment a configuration for performing data collection; receiving from the user equipment an instruction regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the configuration for performing data collection; and sending to the user equipment an instruction for transmitting data of at least one of the one or more samples, wherein the instruction for transmitting data of the one or more samples is at least partially based on the received instruction regarding the one or more samples.

[0012] According to one aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes program instructions stored thereon for at least performing the following: causing to receive from a user equipment at least: at least one data buffering capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size; causing to send to the user equipment a configuration for performing data collection; causing to receive from the user equipment an instruction regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the configuration for performing data collection; and causing to send to the user equipment an instruction for sending data of at least one of the one or more samples, wherein the instruction for sending data of the one or more samples is at least partially based on the received instruction regarding the one or more samples.

[0013] According to one aspect, an apparatus includes: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: receive a radio resource control reconfiguration message from a base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message includes at least a minimization of a drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; determine corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, the one or more use cases being indicated by minimization of the drive-test configuration; send a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to the base station, the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message including at least one of: an indication of the determined corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, at least one data caching capability of the apparatus, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; and send a measurement report to the base station, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample, wherein the at least one sample includes at least the determined content.

[0014] According to one aspect, a method includes: receiving a radio resource control reconfiguration message from a base station using a user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message includes at least a drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy minimization strategy; determining corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, the one or more use cases being indicated by minimizing the drive-test configuration; sending a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to the base station, the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message including at least one of the following: an indication of the determined corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, at least one data caching capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; and sending a measurement report to the base station, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample, wherein the at least one sample includes at least the determined content.

[0015] According to one aspect, an apparatus includes components for: receiving a radio resource control reconfiguration message from a base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message includes at least a minimization of a drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; determining corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, the one or more use cases being indicated to utilize the minimization of the drive-test configuration; sending a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to the base station, the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message including at least one of the following: an indication of the determined corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, at least one data caching capability of the apparatus, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; and sending a measurement report to the base station, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample, wherein the at least one sample includes at least the determined content.

[0016] According to one aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes program instructions stored thereon for performing at least the following: causing to receive a radio resource control reconfiguration message from a base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message includes at least a minimization of a drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; causing to determine corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, the one or more use cases being indicated by minimization of the drive-test configuration; causing to send a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to the base station, the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message including at least one of the following: an indication of the determined corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, at least one data caching capability of a user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; and causing to send a measurement report to the base station, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample, wherein the at least one sample includes at least the determined content.

[0017] According to one aspect, an apparatus includes: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: receive a tracking session activation from a management system, wherein the tracking session activation includes at least a minimization of a drive-test configuration; send a radio resource control reconfiguration message to a user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message includes at least a minimization of the drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; receive a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message from the user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message includes at least one of the following: an indication of corresponding content for samples of one or more indicated use cases using the minimization of the drive-test configuration, at least one data caching capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; receive at least one measurement report from the user equipment, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample; and send at least one tracking record to the management system, at least in part based on at least one received measurement report.

[0018] According to one aspect, a method includes: receiving a tracking session activation from a management system using a base station, wherein the tracking session activation includes at least a minimization of a drive-test configuration; sending a radio resource control reconfiguration message to a user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message includes at least a minimization of the drive-test configuration and a data caching policy; receiving a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message from the user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message includes at least one of the following: an indication of corresponding content for minimizing samples of one or more indicated use cases using the drive-test configuration, at least one data caching capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; receiving at least one measurement report from the user equipment, the at least one measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample; and sending at least one tracking record to the management system based at least in part on at least one received measurement report.

[0019] According to one aspect, an apparatus includes components for: receiving a tracking session activation from a management system, wherein the tracking session activation includes at least the minimization of a drive-test configuration; sending a radio resource control reconfiguration message to a user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message includes at least the minimization of the drive-test configuration and a data caching policy; receiving a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message from the user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message includes at least one of the following: an indication of corresponding content for samples of one or more indicated use cases using the minimization of the drive-test configuration, at least one data buffering capacity of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; receiving at least one measurement report from the user equipment, the at least one measurement report including at least an indication about at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample; and sending at least one tracking record to the management system, at least in part based on at least one received measurement report.

[0020] According to one aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes program instructions stored thereon for performing at least the following: causing a trace session activation to be received from a management system, wherein the trace session activation includes at least the minimization of a drive-test configuration; causing a radio resource control reconfiguration message to be sent to a user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message includes at least the minimization of the drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; causing a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to be received from the user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message includes at least one of the following: an indication of the corresponding content of a sample of one or more indicated use cases using the minimization of the drive-test configuration, at least one data caching capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; causing a measurement report to be received from the user equipment, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample; and causing at least one trace record to be sent to the management system, at least in part based on at least one received measurement report.

[0021] The subject matter of the independent claims is provided for in certain aspects. Other aspects are defined in the dependent claims. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The above aspects and other features are explained in the following description, taking into account the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of a possible and non-limiting example system in which exemplary embodiments may be practiced;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the features as described herein;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating the features as described herein;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps described herein;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps described herein;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps described herein;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps described herein;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps described herein;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps described herein;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps described herein;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps described herein;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps described herein;

[0035] Figure 13 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps described herein; and

[0036] Figure 14 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps described herein. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The following abbreviations that may appear in this specification and / or drawings are defined as follows: 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project 5G (Fifth Generation) 5GC 5G Core Network ACK confirmation AI (Artificial Intelligence) AMF Access and Mobility Management Functions BM Beam Management CE control elements CIR channel impulse response CQI Channel Quality Indicator cRAN Cloud Wireless Access Network CRI CSI Reference Signal Resource Indicator CSI Channel State Information CU Central Unit DCI Downlink Control Information DU Distributed Unit eNB (or eNodeB) Evolved Node B (e.g., LTE base station) EN-DC E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity The en-gNB or En-gNB provides the node for terminating the NR user plane and control plane protocols toward the UE, and acts as a secondary node in the EN-DC. E-UTRA, or Evolved Public Terrestrial Radio Access, also known as LTE radio access technology. gNB (or gNodeB) is a base station used for 5G / NR, that is, a node that provides NR user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE, and is connected to 5GC via the NG interface. ID identifier IE Information Elements I / F interface IP Internet Protocol L1 Floor 1 LCM Lifecycle Management LMF location management function LTE Long Term Evolution MAC Media Access Control MaS Management System Minimization of MDT driving tests ML Machine Learning MME (Mobility Management Entity) Mean Squared Error ng or NG, next generation ng-eNB or NG-eNB, the next generation of eNB NN Neural Network NR New Radio N / W or NW network OAM Operation, Management and Maintenance O-RAN Open Radio Access Network OTT over the top PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel) PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) PHY physical layer PRS Positioning Reference Signal RAN (Radio Access Network) RF (Radio Frequency) RLC Radio Link Control RRC Radio Resource Control RRH Remote Radio Head RRM Radio Resource Management RS reference signal RSRP reference signal received power RSRQ reference signal reception quality RU radio unit Rx receiver SDAP Service Data Adaptation Protocol SGW Service Gateway SMF Session Management Function SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) SON self-optimizing network SS synchronization signal SSBRI SS / PBCH block resource indicator TCE Tracking Collection Entities Total radiated power of TRP Tx transmitter UE (User Equipment) (e.g., wireless, typically mobile devices) UDM Unified Data Management UPF User Face Functions VNR Virtualization Network Functions

[0038] Turn Figure 1 The figure illustrates a block diagram of one possible and non-limiting example in which the example can be practiced. It shows a user equipment (UE) 110, a radio access network (RAN) node 170, and (multiple) network elements 190. Figure 1In the example, User Equipment (UE) 110 wirelessly communicates with Wireless Network 100. The UE is a wireless device capable of accessing Wireless Network 100. UE 110 includes one or more processors 120, one or more memories 125, and one or more transceivers 130 interconnected via one or more buses 127. Each of the one or more transceivers 130 includes a receiver Rx 132 and a transmitter Tx 133. The one or more buses 127 may be address, data, or control buses and may include any interconnection mechanism, such as a series of lines on a motherboard or integrated circuit, fiber optic cables, or other optical communication devices. "Circuit" may include dedicated hardware or hardware associated with executable software thereon. The one or more transceivers 130 are connected to one or more antennas 128. The one or more memories 125 include computer program code 123. UE 110 includes a module 140, which includes one or both of portions 140-1 and / or 140-2, which may be implemented in various ways. Module 140 may be implemented in hardware as module 140-1, such as as part of one or more processors 120. Module 140-1 may also be implemented as an integrated circuit or via other hardware, such as a programmable gate array. In another example, module 140 may be implemented as module 140-2, which is implemented as computer program code 123 and executed by one or more processors 120. For example, one or more memories 125 and computer program code 123 may be configured, together with one or more processors 120, to cause user equipment 110 to perform one or more of the operations described herein. UE 110 communicates with RAN node 170 via radio link 111.

[0039] In this example, RAN node 170 is a base station that provides access to wireless network 100 for wireless devices such as UE 110. RAN node 170 can be, for example, a base station for 5G (also known as New Radio (NR)). In 5G, RAN node 170 can be an NG-RAN node, which is defined as a gNB or ng-eNB. A gNB is a node that provides NR user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE and is connected to the 5GC (such as, for example, multiple network elements 190) via an NG interface. An ng-eNB is a node that provides E-UTRA user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE and is connected to the 5GC via an NG interface. An NG-RAN node can include multiple gNBs, which can also include a central unit (CU) (gNB-CU) 196 and multiple distributed units (DUs) (gNB-DU), where DU 195 is shown. Note that a DU can include or be coupled to and control a radio unit (RU). The gNB-CU is a logical node that carries the RRC, SDAP, and PDCP protocols of a gNB or an en-gNB, and controls the operation of one or more gNB-DUs. The gNB-CU terminates the F1 interface connected to the gNB-DU. The F1 interface is shown as reference numeral 198, although reference numeral 198 also shows links between remote elements of RAN node 170 and centralized elements of RAN node 170, such as the link between gNB-CU 196 and gNB-DU 195. The gNB-DU is a logical node that hosts the RLC, MAC, and PHY layers of a gNB or en-gNB, and its operation is partially controlled by the gNB-CU. One gNB-CU supports one or more cells. A cell may be supported by only one gNB-DU. Note that DU 195 is considered to include transceiver 160, for example, as part of an RU; however, some examples of DU 195 may have transceiver 160 as part of a separate RU, for example, under the control of DU 195 and connected to DU 195. RAN node 170 can also be an eNB (evolved NodeB) base station for LTE (Long Term Evolution), or any other suitable base station, access point, access node, or node.

[0040] RAN node 170 includes one or more processors 152, one or more memories 155, one or more network interfaces (N / WI / F) 161, and one or more transceivers 160 interconnected via one or more buses 157. Each of the one or more transceivers 160 includes a receiver Rx 162 and a transmitter Tx 163. The one or more transceivers 160 are connected to one or more antennas 158. The one or more memories 155 include computer program code 153. CU 196 may include one or more processors 152, memories 155, and network interfaces 161. Note that DU 195 may also include its own one or more memories and one or more processors, and / or other hardware, but these are not shown.

[0041] RAN node 170 includes module 150, which comprises one or both of portions 150-1 and / or 150-2. Module 150 can be implemented in various ways. Module 150 can be implemented in hardware as module 150-1, such as as part of one or more processors 152. Module 150-1 can also be implemented as an integrated circuit or via other hardware, such as a programmable gate array. In another example, module 150 can be implemented as module 150-2, which is implemented as computer program code 153 and executed by one or more processors 152. For example, one or more memories 155 and computer program code 153 are configured, together with one or more processors 152, to cause RAN node 170 to perform one or more operations as described herein. Note that the functionality of module 150 can be distributed, such as being distributed between DU 195 and CU 196, or implemented only in DU 195.

[0042] One or more network interfaces 161 communicate over a network (such as via links 176 and 131). Two or more gNBs 170 may communicate using, for example, link 176. Link 176 may be wired, wireless, or both, and may implement, for example, an Xn interface for 5G, an X2 interface for LTE, or other suitable interfaces for other standards.

[0043] One or more buses 157 may be address, data, or control buses and may include any interconnection mechanism, such as a series of lines on a motherboard or integrated circuit, optical fiber or other optical communication equipment, wireless channels, etc. For example, one or more transceivers 160 may be implemented as a Remote Radio Header (RRH) 195 for LTE or a Distributed Unit (DU) 195 for a gNB implementation of 5G, wherein other elements of the RAN node 170 may be physically located in a different location from the RRH / DU 195, and one or more buses 157 may be partially implemented as, for example, fiber optic cables or other suitable network connections to connect other elements of the RAN node 170 (e.g., Central Unit (CU), gNB-CU 196) to the RRH / DU 195. Reference numeral 198 also indicates those suitable network links(s).

[0044] It is worth noting that the description in this document indicates that a "cell" performs functions, but it should be obvious that the equipment forming the cell will perform these functions. A cell constitutes part of a base station. That is, each base station can have multiple cells. For example, for a single carrier frequency and associated bandwidth, there can be three cells, each covering one-third of a 360-degree area, making the coverage area of ​​a single base station approximately elliptical or circular. Furthermore, each cell can correspond to a single carrier, and a base station can use multiple carriers. Therefore, if each carrier has three 120-degree cells and two carriers, the base station has a total of six cells.

[0045] Wireless network 100 may include one or more network elements 190, which may include core network functions and provide connectivity to other networks (such as telephone networks and / or data communication networks (e.g., the Internet)) via one or more links 181. Such core network functions for 5G may include (multiple) location management functions (multiple LMFs) and / or (multiple) access and mobility management functions (multiple AMFs) and / or user plane functions (multiple UPFs) and / or (multiple) session management functions (multiple SMFs). Such core network functions for LTE may include MME (Mobility Management Entity) / SGW (Serving Gateway) functions. These are merely example functions that may be supported by (multiple) network elements 190; note that both 5G and LTE functions may be supported. RAN node 170 is coupled to network element 190 via link 131. Link 131 may be implemented as, for example, an NG interface for 5G, or an S1 interface for LTE, or other suitable interfaces for other standards. Network element 190 includes one or more processors 175, one or more memories 171, and one or more network interfaces (N / WI / F) 180 interconnected via one or more buses 185. The one or more memories 171 include computer program code 173. The one or more memories 171 and the computer program code 173 are configured, together with the one or more processors 175, to cause network element 190 to perform one or more operations.

[0046] Wireless network 100 can implement network virtualization, which is the process of combining hardware and software network resources and network functions into a single software-based management entity or virtual network. Network virtualization involves platform virtualization, often combined with resource virtualization. Network virtualization is classified into external virtualization and internal virtualization. External virtualization combines many networks or parts of networks into virtual units, while internal virtualization provides network-like functionality to software containers on a single system. For example, a network can be deployed in a telecommunications cloud, where Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs) run on, for example, data center servers. For example, network core functions and / or (multiple) radio access networks (e.g., cloud RAN, O-RAN, edge cloud) can be virtualized. Note that the virtualized entity resulting from network virtualization is still implemented to some extent using hardware (such as processors 152 or 175 and memory 155 and 171), and this virtualized entity also produces technical effects.

[0047] It should also be noted that the operation of the example embodiments of this disclosure can be performed by multiple cooperating devices (e.g., cRAN).

[0048] Computer-readable storage devices 125, 155, and 171 can be of any type suitable for the local technical environment and can be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as semiconductor-based memory devices, flash memory, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory, and removable memory. Computer-readable storage devices 125, 155, and 171 can be components for performing storage functions. Processors 120, 152, and 175 can be of any type suitable for the local technical environment and, as non-limiting examples, can include one or more of the following: general-purpose computers, special-purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs), and processors based on multi-core processor architectures. Processors 120, 152, and 175 can be components for performing functions such as controlling UE 110, RAN node 170, and other functions as described herein.

[0049] Generally, various example embodiments of user equipment 110 may include, but are not limited to, cellular phones, such as smartphones, tablets, personal digital assistants (PDAs) with wireless communication capabilities, portable computers with wireless communication capabilities, image capture devices (such as digital cameras with wireless communication capabilities), gaming devices with wireless communication capabilities, music storage and playback devices with wireless communication capabilities, internet devices (allowing wireless internet access and browsing), tablets with wireless communication capabilities, and portable units or terminals combining these functions.

[0050] This introduces a suitable, but non-limiting, technical context for the practice of exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, which will now be described in more detail.

[0051] The features described herein are generally related to data collection. Collected data can be used for offline training of UE-side models (i.e., inference against the model executed on the UE), NW-side models, the UE portion of a bilateral model, and / or the NW portion of a bilateral model. Using collected data to train UE-side models is an ongoing topic in 3GPP RAN2. Consistent directions for this research project include “[considering] using existing frameworks as a starting point for data collection.” Examples of models include artificial intelligence (AI) and / or machine learning (ML) models.

[0052] For example, (multiple) AI / ML models can reside in each of the UE and the base station (e.g., partitioned across multiple nodes, or separate models at each node); in other words, there may be a UE portion in a bilateral model and an NW portion in a bilateral model. Alternatively, the AI / ML model can reside on either the UE or the base station; in other words, there may be a UE-side model or an NW-side model.

[0053] In this disclosure, the term "model" can refer to any of the following: a UE-side model, the UE portion of a two-sided model, an NW-side model, or the NW portion of a two-sided model. In this description, the terms "model," "AI model," and "ML model" are interchangeable; if one example embodiment is described with reference to one type of model, another type of model can be substituted.

[0054] An example of an AI / ML model is a neural network. A neural network (NN) is a computational graph consisting of two or more layers of computation. Each layer can include one or more units, each of which can perform basic computations. A unit can be connected to one or more other units, and that connection can have associated weights. Weights can be used to scale signals through the associated connections. Weights can be learnable parameters, i.e., values ​​that can be learned from training data. Other learnable parameters may also exist, such as those in batch normalization layers.

[0055] The two most commonly used architectures for neural networks are feedforward architectures and recurrent architectures. Feedforward neural networks do not include feedback loops; each layer receives input from one or more previous layers and provides an output that is used as input for one or more subsequent layers. Units within a layer receive input from one or more units in one or more previous layers and provide their output to one or more units in one or more subsequent layers.

[0056] The initial layer (i.e., the layer closest to the input data) extracts low-level semantic features from the received data, while the intermediate and final layers extract higher-level features. Following the feature extraction layers, there may be one or more layers performing a specific task, such as classification, semantic segmentation, object detection, denoising, style transfer, or super-resolution. In recurrent neural networks, feedback loops exist, making the network stateful, meaning it can remember or retain information or states.

[0057] As mentioned above, neural networks can be used in a growing number of applications for many different types of devices, such as mobile phones. Examples of applications may include image and video analysis and processing, social media data analysis, device usage data analysis, and more.

[0058] Neural networks and other machine learning tools can learn attributes from input data in a supervised or unsupervised manner. Such learning may be the result of a training algorithm or a meta-neural network that provides the training signals.

[0059] Training algorithms can involve altering certain properties of a neural network to make its output as close as possible to the desired output. Training can include changing the properties of the neural network to minimize or reduce the error in the output, also known as loss. Examples of loss include mean squared error (MSE), cross-entropy, etc. In recent deep learning techniques, training is an iterative process where, in each iteration, the algorithm modifies the weights of the neural network to gradually improve the network's output, i.e., gradually reduce the loss.

[0060] Training a neural network involves an optimization process, but the ultimate goal of machine learning differs from typical optimization objectives. In optimization, the goal is to minimize the loss. Typically, in machine learning, in addition to the optimization objective, the goal is to enable the model to learn properties of the data distribution from a finite training dataset. In other words, the training process is additionally used to ensure that the neural network learns to generalize to previously unseen data—data not used for model training—using a finite training dataset. This additional objective is often referred to as generalization. In practice, data can be divided into at least two sets: a training set and a validation set. The training set is used to train the network, i.e., to modify its learnable parameters to minimize the loss. The validation set is used to check the performance of the neural network using data not used to minimize the loss (i.e., a portion not used in the training set), where the performance of the neural network with the validation set serves as an indicator of the model's final performance. During the training process, errors on both the training and validation sets can be monitored to understand whether the neural network is truly learning and whether it is learning to generalize. If the neural network is indeed learning, the training set error should decrease. If the neural network is not learning, the model may be underfitting. If the neural network is learning to generalize, the validation set error should decrease and not be significantly higher than the training set error. If the training set error is low, but the validation set error is much higher than the training set error, or the validation set error does not decrease or even increases, the model may be overfitting. Overfitting may mean that the model has memorized the properties of the training set and performs well only on that set, but performs poorly on sets that have not been used to tune its parameters. In other words, the model has not yet learned to generalize.

[0061] The technical effect of the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure may be to enhance existing RAN-centric frameworks (e.g., minimization of vehicle testing (MDT), L1, L3 measurements) to support caching RRM measurements in caches (e.g., application layer caches, enhanced traditional RRC caches, etc.) and the transmission of this data based on instructions provided by NW (instead of traditional predefined timers).

[0062] In RAN2#121, the following agreement was reached: "...Proposal 1: RAN2 will focus on researching data collection solutions for both NW-side and UE-side AIML models, including auxiliary signaling and (dataset) reporting from relevant entities." Proposal 2: Investigate the impact of RAN2 data collection on all relevant LCM objectives, such as model training / monitoring / selection / update / inference, etc. Proposal 3: RAN2 should analyze data collection requirements and solutions separately for different LCM purposes. FFS should be adopted if a common framework / solution can be developed. Proposal 4: Await RAN1 requirements before discussing specific data collection solutions for use cases and for related (LCM) processes. Meanwhile, RAN2 will summarize the implementation of the existing framework while focusing on different performance metrics. Proposal 5: When summarizing different data collection frameworks, RAN2 can begin by considering the following metrics: a) data content, b) data size, c) latency and periodicity, d) signaling, involved entities, and configuration aspects. Regarding how to handle security / privacy, FFS. Proposal 6: Consider the following existing frameworks as a starting point for data collection: SON and MDT, UE auxiliary information, RRM measurement reports, CSI reporting framework, LPP providing location information. Whether other frameworks should be discussed, and FFS. Proposal 7: Upon receiving the specific (RAN1) request, RAN2 will determine whether the existing framework can be reused / extended, or whether a new framework is needed. Proposal 8: For data collection, RAN2 will simply proceed and notify RAN1 of the relevant protocols as necessary. Pages 1-8 are only generally accepted, but we also understand that further expansion is possible, such as analyzing other methods…

[0063] According to the latest RAN2#122 protocol: "...Proposal 5a: For data generation and termination entities deployed at different entities, RAN2 assumptions: " For CSI enhancement and beam management use cases: For model training, training data can be generated by the UE / gNB and terminated at the gNB / OAM / OTT server. For NW-side model inference, the input data can be generated by the UE and terminated at the gNB. For UE-side model inference, the input data / auxiliary information can be generated by the gNB and terminated at the UE. For model monitoring on the NW side, performance metrics can be generated by the UE and terminated at the gNB. For model monitoring at the UE side, performance metrics can be generated by the gNB and terminated at the UE. For location enhancement use cases: For model training, training data can be generated by the UE / gNB and terminated at the LMF / OTT server. For NW-side model inference, the input data can be generated by the UE / gNB and terminated at the LMF. For UE-side model inference, input data / auxiliary information can be generated by LMF / gNB and terminated at the UE. For model monitoring on the NW side, performance metrics can be generated by the UE / gNB and terminated at LMF. For model monitoring on the UE side, performance metrics can be generated by gNB / LMF and terminated at the UE. P5b: LS confirms with RAN1 the generation and termination entities of the identified data content in WA (in P5a), and requests supplementary information, if any. P6a: RAN2 assumes that the analysis / selection of the data collection framework should focus on the RRC_CONNECTED state (for both data generation and reporting). The analysis and potential enhancements to the disconnected state can be re-examined when needed…

[0064] During the previous RAN2-123 meeting, it was considered that the data collected should also be usable by the network, for example, for training AI / ML models. Therefore, a solution suitable for training UE-side models, NW-side models, and / or bilateral models (e.g., the NW portion of a bilateral model, the UE portion of a bilateral model) might be desired.

[0065] In one example embodiment, a network-controlled data collection method can be used, wherein the network is aware of the ongoing data collection process for collecting data for UE-side models, NW-side models, and / or bilateral models. One technical effect of the example embodiments of this disclosure is that the network can store the collected data even if the final target of the data collection is outside the network.

[0066] The exemplary embodiments of this disclosure can be presented in the context of a minimized framework for vehicle driving testing (MDT), as the MDT framework has received the most attention among the frameworks currently being studied in RAN2. However, this is not a limitation; the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure can also be applied to other frameworks.

[0067] The purpose of MDT (Mean Time Trial) is to perform vehicle-driven testing using field UEs (e.g., deployed UEs, real-time or deployed UEs, etc.) by reporting signal measurements such as Reference Symbol Received Power (RSRP) and Reference Symbol Received Quality (RSRQ) to nearby gNBs. The collected data is used to optimize network configuration and improve reliability. MDT is initiated during Operation, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM), which triggers radio access network (RAN)-based measurements via the 5G core network. Measurement configuration is propagated from OAM to Access and Mobility Functions (AMF), which configures the gNB to provide measurement configurations to the UE. The UE sends measurement reports to the gNB, and the gNB forwards these measurements to its configured Tracking Collection Entity (TCE).

[0068] For reference Figure 2 This illustrates the call flow for signaling-based instant MDT tracing session activation, directed towards the gNB and UE (e.g., see TS 32.422 (v17.10.0)). Figure 4 1.2.17.3.1, Example of MDT activation in 5GC and NG-RAN after UE attachment). Note that the configuration process essentially begins with tracking session activation or MDT configuration, from the Management System (MaS) to Unified Data Management (UDM), from UDM to AMF, and from AMF to gNB. Afterward, the MDT simply reuses the measurement configuration and collection procedures defined for Radio Resource Control (RRC) in TS 38.331.

[0069] At 205, the UE can access the network via the attach procedure. At 210, the MaS can send a tracking session activation message to the UDM, which may include the MDT configuration. At 215, the UDM can store tracking control and configuration information. At 220, the UDM can send an insert subscriber data message to the AMF, which may include the MDT configuration. At 225, the AMF can store tracking control and configuration parameters. At 230, the AMF can send a tracking start message to the gNB, which may include the MDT configuration. At 235, the gNB can check the MDT standard. At 240, the gNB can store tracking control and configuration parameters. At 245, the gNB can start a tracking recording session. At 250, the gNB can send an RRC connection reconfiguration message to the UE, which may include the MDT configuration. At 255, the UE can send an RRC connection reconfiguration complete message to the gNB. At 260, the UE can check the MDT standard, for example, only if the MDT has been recorded.

[0070] Part of the MDT configuration is the TCE's IP address, which is used by the gNB to forward measurements collected from the UE. An example of the measurement transmission process is as follows... Figure 3As shown (for example, see from TS 32.422 (v17.10.0)). Figure 6 .4.1). More detailed information on MDT can be found in TS 37.320 and TS 32.422.

[0071] At 305, MDT configuration can be performed. At 310, the UE can send an MDT report to the gNB. At 315, the gNB can save the MDT measurements. At 320, the UE can send an MDT report to the gNB. At 325, the gNB can save the MDT measurements. At 330, the UE can send an MDT report to the gNB. At 335, the gNB can save the MDT measurements. At 340, the UE can send an MDT report to the gNB. At 345, or alternatively at 350, the gNB can send a transmission tracking message to the management system. At 355, the management system can send a transmission tracking message to the TCE. At 360, or alternatively at 365, the gNB can send a transmission tracking message to the TCE.

[0072] It is worth noting that the traditional real-time MDT (defined in TS 32.422 and TS 37.320) is being considered by the 3GPP RAN2 working group. Real-time MDT is currently used to collect physical layer measurement data from the UE for network optimization purposes, but it only supports communication with the gNB. The problem with traditional real-time MDT is that it does not support buffering, recording, and transmitting measurements without any time constraints.

[0073] It is worth noting that the existing RRC specification defined in TS 38.331 allows storing RRM-related measurements for a specific amount of time. However, it is not possible to store measurements in a buffer and send them based on instructions provided by NW (other than predefined timers).

[0074] It is worth noting that the idea of ​​recording measurements has been mentioned in email discussions regarding the [Post123]

[059] [AIML] data collection. However, specific details regarding the process of caching measurements in the UE have not been provided. Furthermore, details regarding the procedures / signaling required to configure the UE to clear its cache have not been provided.

[0075] Example embodiments of this disclosure may involve procedures / signaling for configuring a UE to clear its cache.

[0076] As mentioned above, different aspects of data collection (especially for training) are currently a key focus of the 3GPP forum. However, the immediate challenge is that the amount / capacity of data collected can be very high; therefore, this presents challenges for (over-the-air) transmission. Furthermore, if data is collected and transmitted in smaller amounts (e.g., multiple subsets), it can impose additional overhead on the NW in configuring, coordinating, and scheduling several UEs at different stages of data collection.

[0077] Another major issue is that the collected data may be intended to be useful for different purposes. For example, the NW may need to schedule the transmission of data that is useful for training the NW-side model or the NW portion of the bilateral model, and may require the UE to cache / record data that is not useful to the NW.

[0078] In addition, the collected data may ultimately be used for the UE portion of the UE-side model, NW-side model, and / or bilateral model, but may contain duplicate or useless samples for another entity that may be responsible for storing or training the model; therefore, a large amount of air interface resources (user plane or control plane) may be wasted on data samples that cannot be effectively utilized.

[0079] Samples can be a set of information needed to train a model. For example, samples may include multiple measurements and / or various types of measurements. The UE may know what information is needed to train the model. For a UE-side model, the UE may know what samples are needed to train the model for one or more use cases. For other types of models (e.g., NW-side or bilateral models), the UE may be provided with a configuration that defines the samples needed to train the model(s) for one or more use cases.

[0080] The technical effects of the exemplary embodiments disclosed herein may be to solve one or more of the problems described above.

[0081] In one example embodiment, a new MDT-based data logging scheme under RRC_CONNECTED mode can be used, which may include several new signaling and information elements.

[0082] The exemplary embodiments of this disclosure may involve issues related to the configuration and coordination of data collection by the NW for the UE-side model, the NW-side model, and the bilateral model.

[0083] In version 18, the application use cases under consideration are Channel State Information (CSI) feedback, Beam Management (BM), and Positioning Enhancement. Use cases can be viewed as ML features. Depending on the use case, the data / metadata required to build the model may have different fields. For example, in the case of the CSI compression use case (based on the RAN1 assessment proposed in 3GPP), the input may consist of real CSI (e.g., channel feature vectors) and compressed CSI. For the BM use case, examples of data content can be expected to include at least L1-RSRP and Beam ID (CRI / SSBRI). For the positioning use case, the data content can be expected to include at least Channel Impulse Response (CIR) and Total Radiated Power (TRP) information. Additionally, auxiliary information from internal measurements performed by the NW cannot be excluded. Similarly, measurements performed by the UE (e.g., sensor information, temperature, Doppler shift, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), etc.) may also be included in the list of possible metadata.

[0084] The collection of the aforementioned measurements may be conducted in multiple phases and / or span a considerable timeframe. It is assumed that the NW may not be aware of and / or have access to the collected measurements themselves; however, through certain capability information from the UE side (which may be established, for example, during RRC configuration), the NW can fully understand the UE's data collection capabilities and therefore can optimize the UE configuration for this task. This can have the technical effect of resulting in lower over-the-air data transmission volume and lower synchronization and configuration overhead on the NW side. It is worth noting that while the NW may have direct access to the raw measurements collected by the UE, the UE can provide the NW with metadata information or descriptions of the collected measurements.

[0085] In one example embodiment, the UE can share its AI / ML data caching capacity and the data sample size for each of its configurations (e.g., data collection activities and / or sessions) with the NW via RRC UE capability messages, where the data caching capacity is greater than or equal to the data sample size. In other words, the UE may be able to cache data from more than one data collection session. Possible examples of the collected data (e.g., data used to fill the data sample size) can be presented according to different use cases for AI / ML research in Release 18.

[0086] In one example embodiment, the UE may have a single cache for storing samples and / or collected measurements. Alternatively, the UE may have multiple caches, for example, a cache for each use case for which the UE is configured to perform measurements. Thus, the UE may indicate data caching capabilities for each cache and / or for each use case.

[0087] In one example embodiment, upon receiving this information, the NW can know / determine the number of samples that can be collected by a specific UE. In other words, the NW can determine the number of parts / activities / sessions that the UE can break down into for the data collection task. The NW can set a counter to track the number of data collection activities (sessions), which can be greater than or equal to zero at any given time, and can be less than or equal to the ratio of data buffer capacity to data sample size. Using this setting, the NW can have a complete understanding of the UE's buffer status, and the counter can be changed accordingly whenever it receives an uplink indication that the buffer has been filled (i.e., data samples that have been collected). When the counter reaches its maximum value, i.e., the ratio of data buffer capacity to data sample size, the NW can know / determine that the entire data collection activity for that specific UE has ended.

[0088] In one example embodiment, the NW can also know / determine how much collected data has been received. Therefore, if the amount of received data matches the data buffer session counter, then all configured data may have been collected and sent.

[0089] In one example embodiment, cached / recorded UE data, or portions thereof, may not be sent to the NW in a timely manner (e.g., due to NW congestion). Therefore, in order to collect new data samples, cached data may be overwritten / discarded (i.e., the cache is cleared). In one example embodiment, the UE may share metadata of the cached data with the NW (not necessarily exposing the content itself), which can help the NW prioritize specific portions of cached data to be sent with lower overhead but higher priority, while the rest can be discarded.

[0090] Now for reference Figure 4 The diagram illustrates a call diagram for a data collection scheme (counter mechanism) according to an example embodiment of this disclosure. At 410, the UE can exchange / send its capabilities to the gNB (e.g., via RRC). At 420, the UE's AI / ML data caching capabilities / capacity, as well as its data sample size for each specific use case, can be exposed / sent to the gNB. Alternatively, the UE can simply expose / send a common sample size for all use cases. It can be noted that 410 and 420 can be separate messages or parts of the same message.

[0091] For example, in a CSI compression use case that might be enabled by a bilateral model, the UE might need to indicate the size of the actual CSI (e.g., channel feature vectors) and compressed CSI it is able to collect. This could be, for example, the size of a single sample. Similarly, for a BM use case, the UE might need to indicate at least the size of the L1-RSRP and Beam_ID (CRI / SSBRI) it collects. For a positioning use case, the UE might be expected to report the size of the CIR and TRP information it collects (i.e., the size of one sample consisting of such information). The UE might also need to provide information about the size of any additional information it collects per sample.

[0092] At 430, the gNB can initiate counters for the UE for data collected for different use cases. For example, the counters can start from zero, and their values ​​can be incremented based on the information received from the UE. Each counter can be configured to reflect how much data has been collected by the UE for the associated use case relative to the buffer.

[0093] At 440, the gNB can configure the UE for data collection tasks. This can be achieved, for example, by adding information elements to downlink control information (DCI), MAC CE, or RRC reconfiguration messages.

[0094] At 450, after receiving this configuration, the UE can begin data collection activities / tasks.

[0095] At 460, the UE can indicate to the gNB when each data sample has been collected. This indication can be sent via RRC signaling, MAC signaling, or DCI signaling. For example, this can be achieved by appending an information element to the last measurement report sent by the UE to the NW (via an RRC or MAC message). Alternatively, this can also be achieved via a dedicated message sent from the UE to the NW. For example, this could be a MAC layer message. The indication can be periodic (e.g., for each data sample or every n samples collected), non-periodic, or semi-persistent (e.g., event-based, which can begin periodically indicating / reporting after an event is observed by the UE).

[0096] In one example embodiment, the UE can use different encodings for different use cases. For example, if the UE has not collected anything, it can send 00 from the corresponding information element to the NW. If the UE has collected samples for the CSI use case, it can send 01. If the UE has collected samples for the BM use case, it can send 10. If the UE has collected samples for the location use case, it can send 11.

[0097] At position 470, gNB can update the corresponding counter, that is, the counter can be incremented by one.

[0098] At 480, the gNB can command the UE to send the samples it has collected to the gNB. The gNB can infer the amount of data received based on one or more different methods. For example, based on the payload size and the gNB's knowledge of the UE's data sample size, the gNB can calculate how many samples have been received over the uplink. Alternatively, the UE can also inform the gNB how much data it intends to send; based on this information, the gNB can determine how many samples have been received from the UE (e.g., after the UE has fulfilled its stated intent). Alternatively, the gNB may have initially configured the UE for data collection tasks, and this configuration can indicate how much data should be sent over the uplink. In other words, the NW can schedule any form of transmission from the UE. The NW can configure the frequency at which the UE sends each type of data / measurement (e.g., the NW can configure the UE to send traditional RRM measurements in a similar manner to conventional methods, and can also configure the UE to periodically send its proprietary data at certain time intervals). Based on this information, the gNB can determine how many samples have been received from the UE (for example, the gNB can determine the rate at which the UE sends the collected samples to the NW, thereby determining how many samples have been received by the gNB at a given time).

[0099] At 490, the UE can transmit the collected data. If the data transmission command is not given by the gNB, the UE can transmit the collected data to its buffer for future transmission. Note that data transmission can also be performed periodically, aperiodically, or semi-persistently / event-based (e.g., in response to a determined trigger). Previously, the collected data may have been stored in legacy mechanisms; the RRC is capable of storing a limited amount of data.

[0100] Once the gNB's counter reaches its maximum value and it has successfully received all the data, the configured data collection task can be terminated.

[0101] For reference Figure 5 The diagram illustrates a call graph (excluding a counter mechanism) for a data collection scheme according to an example embodiment of this disclosure. At 510, the UE can exchange / send its capabilities to the gNB (e.g., via RRC). At 520, the data sample size for each specific use case can be exposed / sent to the gNB. Alternatively, the UE can also simply expose / send a common sample size for all use cases. It can be noted that 510 and 520 can be separate messages or part of the same message.

[0102] At 530, the gNB can configure the UE for data collection tasks. This can be done, for example, by adding an information element to the DCI, MAC CE, or RRC reconfiguration message.

[0103] At point 540, after receiving this configuration, the UE can begin data collection activities.

[0104] At 550, the UE can collect samples and cache them. When the cache storage is about to run out (i.e., insufficient available space or reaching or approaching capacity), the UE can notify the NW of the cache status.

[0105] At 560, the gNB can command the UE to send the data / samples it has collected to the gNB.

[0106] At point 570, the UE can transmit the collected data / samples. The UE can transmit data in response to a received command to transmit the data. If the UE does not receive a command to transmit its collected data, the UE can store the collected data in one or more buffers for future transmission and / or deletion.

[0107] In an alternative example embodiment, the UE can transmit the collected data even if the data transmission command is not given by the gNB. This may occur, for example, if the NW pre-configures time slots in which the UE can transmit a certain type of data (e.g., collected data / samples).

[0108] In comparison Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the example embodiment shown, the NW may not have knowledge of the UE's cache state; therefore, the NW may need to rely on the UE's indication. However, there may be situations where an indication from the UE that the cache is full arrives when the NW is unable to schedule a transmission session; therefore, there may be a risk of data loss.

[0109] Sometimes, data samples collected by the UE (e.g., real CSI (e.g., channel feature vectors) and compressed CSI in CSI use cases) may not be transmitted, and the UE may store them until the next transmission attempt. Therefore, the allocated AI / ML data collection buffer may be full (e.g., reached or near capacity), and in order to obtain new data samples, previous data samples (or some parts of the stored data) must be discarded / overwritten. Figure 6-7 Examples may be found Figure 4-5 Examples appear during this period.

[0110] The technical effect of the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure can be to ensure that such data loss has minimal impact.

[0111] Now for reference Figure 6This illustration shows an example embodiment of the present disclosure that can have the technical effect of reducing data collection overhead. Although some portions of the data collected on the UE side may be proprietary measurements, some of those measurements may also be available on the NW side. Therefore, by identifying similar / duplicate measurements, the UE can safely discard duplicate values, while the remaining smaller data can be sent with higher priority. For example, an example of this could be uplink beam measurements, which can be performed on the NW side in addition to being performed by the UE.

[0112] At 610, the NW can infer whether the AI / ML data collection buffer is full (i.e., whether it has reached or is close to its capacity). For example, the NW can determine how many samples can be collected for the UE buffer to fill it (e.g., the ratio of data buffer capacity to data sample size). Since the UE can inform the NW of its buffer capacity and the time of each sample collection, and the NW can determine how much data has been sent by the UE, the NW can determine how much empty buffer is on the UE side.

[0113] At 620, the NW can inform the UE to share metadata about the collected data (e.g., the type of data / measurement, proprietary data, descriptions of measurements excluding the measurement itself, etc.). This step is not mandatory (i.e., it may be optional), for example, when the NW knows that the UE's AI / ML data cache space is insufficient, it can request the UE to share metadata information when configuring the UE for data collection tasks. At 630, the UE can share metadata information with the NW. At 640, the NW can check similar data clusters, for example, whether it also records / has access to data fields / types recorded by the UE, some of which may be non-standardized and / or proprietary data. At 650, the NW can inform the UE of common data fields that overlap with the UE's. Therefore, the UE can safely discard data from the cache, for example, to clean up its storage and reduce the amount of data to be transmitted over the air. At 660, the UE can discard / overwrite common data fields based on the NW's command, as shown in the figure. Alternatively, the trigger for discarding / overwriting data can be defined in the configuration set by the NW.

[0114] Now for reference Figure 7 This illustrates an example embodiment of the present disclosure, which may have the technical effect of reducing data collection overhead.

[0115] At 710, the UE can directly notify the NW of its cache status, for example, if the NW is not equipped with a counter mechanism. At 720, the NW can inform the UE to share metadata (e.g., the type of data / measurement) of the collected data. This step is not mandatory (i.e., it may be optional), for example, when the NW knows that the UE's AI / ML data cache space is insufficient, the NW can request the UE to share metadata information when configuring the UE for data collection tasks. At 730, the UE can share metadata information with the NW. At 740, the NW can check similar data clusters, for example, whether it also records / has access to data fields / types recorded by the UE, some of which may be non-standardized and / or proprietary data. At 750, the NW can notify the UE of common data fields that overlap with the UE's. Therefore, the UE can safely discard this data from the cache, for example, to free up its storage space and reduce the amount of data to be transmitted over the air. At 760, the UE can discard / overwrite common data fields based on the NW's command, as shown in the figure. Alternatively, the trigger for discarding / overwriting data can be defined in the configuration set by NW.

[0116] The features described herein may relate to enhancements to MDT. As mentioned above, the MDT framework is being considered for collecting data for UE-side models, NW-side models, and bilateral models. In the context of MDT, the technical effect of the example embodiments of this disclosure may be enabling caching and control of transmitted data that can be available in the UE during different RRC states.

[0117] Now for reference Figure 8 This illustrates an example of data collection within an MDT framework. At 805, the management system can send a tracking session activation message containing the MDT configuration to the gNB. At 810, the gNB can configure the UE using the MDT and notify it of the measurements that should be reported. For example, the gNB can send an RRC connection reconfiguration message to the UE, which may include the MDT configuration and / or data caching policy. The data caching policy may include information about how many samples the UE can cache (i.e., data caching capacity). Alternatively, the data caching policy may also include information about how the UE can report cached samples (e.g., the time / frequency slots in which different types of data can be reported).

[0118] Examples of these measurements may vary depending on the use case under consideration. In the case of the CSI use case, these measurements could be (but are not limited to) CQI, L1 RSRP measurements, etc. In the BM use case, these measurements could be (but are not limited to) set A beam configuration and set B beam configuration. For the positioning use case, these could be (but are not limited to) SS-RSRP, SS-RSRQ, PRS, etc. For each use case, the gNB can also instruct the UE which subset of data it must report within a certain time period (e.g., similar to traditional reporting). As an example, these could be measurements that the NW can use for different purposes, such as monitoring, fine-tuning of the NW-side model, etc. For example, in the case of the CSI compression use case (possibly enabled by a bilateral model), the UE might need to indicate the size of the actual CSI (e.g., channel feature vectors) and compressed CSI that it can collect (this could be the size of a sample). Similarly, for the BM use case, the UE might need to indicate at least the size of the L1-RSRP and Beam_ID (CRI / SSBRI) it collects. For location use cases, the UE may be expected to report the size of the CIR and TRP information it collects (i.e., the size of a single sample consisting of such information). The configuration provided by the gNB may also include information about data fields that the UE can easily cache and transmit at a later time. Examples of such measurements could include proprietary UE measurements, sensor information, etc.

[0119] At point 815, the UE can determine the content for each sample of each use case within the use case. For example, in addition to the measurements configured by the gNB, the UE can decide, for different use cases, to also report proprietary L1 measurements, SNR, Doppler shift, temperature information, etc. The UE can determine which measurements to perform and which collected data from the measurements to record and / or cache. The UE can also determine what information to record in addition to the data it is configured to record.

[0120] At 820, the UE can confirm the MDT configuration provided by the NW, for example via an RRC reconfiguration completion message, and can inform the NW about the content of each sample for each use case. For example, in the case of beam management, the UE can report a complete sample that may consist of L1-RSRP, Beam_ID (CRI / SSBRI), proprietary L1 measurements, temperature, and SNR. The UE can also report the size of the data collected for each use case.

[0121] At 825, the gNB can set a counter based on information received by the UE. In one example embodiment, this could be a counter for all use cases, interpreting the UE's data collection storage capacity and the data caching requirements for each use case. Based on these parameters, the gNB can know / determine whether the cache at the UE is full.

[0122] In an alternative example embodiment, the NW can initiate multiple counters, such as one counter for each use case for which the UE collects measurements / samples / data.

[0123] For example, each use case (ML feature, such as CSI or beam management) can use similar samples to train (multiple) models, or different samples. The UE can indicate the features it supports during UE capability exchange. In one example embodiment, the NW can set a single counter for each sample collected by the UE, or set different counters for different use cases.

[0124] In another example embodiment, the UE may have reported a specific cache size for each use case within the use cases. In this case, the gNB can maintain a separate counter for each use case and can continuously track the available storage space in the UE using reports from the UE regarding the collected samples. For example, the UE could report the cache capacity for all three use cases. Additionally, the UE could report samples of sizes 1 MB, 10 MB, and 50 MB collected for CSI, BM, and location use cases, respectively. Based on this information, the gNB can know / determine how many samples the UE can collect before the cache(s) for each use case become full.

[0125] At 830, the UE can send a measurement report based on the configuration provided by the gNB. This report can consist at least of information mandatory for the gNB (e.g., a traditional L1 measurement report). Unlike traditional reports, the UE can also collect additional measurements (e.g., proprietary L1 measurement data, temperature, SNR, Doppler, etc.). The UE can report to the gNB that it has collected training samples; however, the UE itself may not send the training samples. In one example embodiment, this can be achieved by including additional IEs in the L1 or L3 measurement report, which can be transmitted via L1 / L2 or L3 signaling. For example, the UE can use a simple encoding scheme to inform the gNB about the type of samples collected, such as: 00->CSI compressed samples; 01->CSI predicted samples; 10->BM samples; 11->Location samples.

[0126] If the UE collects multiple samples for a single report, it can notify the gNB by including a longer sequence. For example, if the IE contains the sequence "0011", it could indicate that the UE has collected data for CSI compression and positioning in its cache. Since the data fields including the complete sample may be reported to the NW at different times, the UE may also need to associate the sample ID with the data fields it reports so that the receiving entity can combine the correct fields to form a complete sample.

[0127] At 835, the gNB can collect multiple data fields and sample IDs from the UE's MDT reports and forward them to the management system or TCE. At 840, based on the reports from the UE, the gNB can update counter information for the status of the multiple caches available in the UE. This allows the gNB to know / determine if there is space in the UE to store more measurements. In one example embodiment, the counter can be updated based on reports from the UE regarding the amount of data collected by the UE. For example, if the UE reports that data has been collected, the counter can be changed / updated. In this context, the following two options are possible:

[0128] a) The UE may collect more data than it reports (e.g., 45kb, but reports 9kb), which may cause the counter to increase because more data has been collected than sent (therefore, the UE is still buffering).

[0129] (b) The UE may collect less data than it reports (e.g., the UE collects and logs / caches 9kb of data but reports 45kb), which may cause a decrease in the counter. For example, during a specific time period, the UE may collect less data than it transmits (e.g., data from previous measurements). The UE can determine how many measurements to perform during a specific time period and how much data to transmit during that time period.

[0130] At 845, the gNB can schedule the transmission of some data fields cached in the UE. In one example embodiment, this might occur when cell load is low. In this case, the gNB can schedule the transmission of fields related to training the UE-side model (e.g., proprietary L1 measurements, temperature, etc.). Depending on the UE cache state information, the gNB can decide to prioritize samples relevant to a specific use case. As an example, if the UE has already collected a large amount of data for the BM use case, the gNB can schedule the transmission of these samples to free up space for collecting more data for the UE. Examples of messages that the gNB can use to provide configuration information may include DCI, MAC CE, or RRC messages.

[0131] At 850, based on the gNB configuration, the UE can forward measurements, the IDs of (multiple) samples to which the measurements belong, and / or cache states. This can be accomplished using L1 / L2 or L3 signaling. At 855, the gNB can collect data fields (along with (multiple) sample IDs) from the UE's MDT report and forward them to the management system or TCE. At 860, the gNB can update its counters based on different scenarios, i.e., whether the data collected by the UE is equal to, less than, or more than the content of its report.

[0132] exist Figure 8In one example, gNB can forward a subset of collected samples along with sample IDs to the management system, which can then combine different data fields to construct a complete sample. In another example, gNB can also combine different fields to construct a complete sample, such as... Figure 9 As shown in the image.

[0133] At 905, the management system can send a tracking session activation message containing the MDT configuration to the gNB. At 910, the gNB can configure the UE to have an MDT and notify it of the measurements that should be reported. For example, the gNB can send an RRC connection reconfiguration message to the UE, which may include the MDT configuration and / or data caching policy.

[0134] Examples of these measurements may vary depending on the use case under consideration. In the case of the CSI use case, these measurements could be (but are not limited to) CQI, L1 RSRP measurements, etc. In the BM use case, these measurements could be (but are not limited to) set A beam configuration and set B beam configuration. For the positioning use case, these could be (but are not limited to) SS-RSRP, SS-RSRQ, PRS, etc. For each use case, the gNB can also instruct the UE which subset of data it must report within a certain time period (e.g., similar to traditional reporting methods). As an example, these could be measurements that the NW can use for different purposes, such as monitoring, fine-tuning of the NW-side model, etc. For example, in the case of the CSI compression use case (possibly enabled by a bilateral model), the UE might need to indicate the size of the actual CSI (e.g., channel feature vectors) and compressed CSI that it can collect (this could be the size of a sample). Similarly, for the BM use case, the UE might need to indicate at least the size of the L1-RSRP and Beam_ID (CRI / SSBRI) it collects. For location use cases, the UE may be expected to report the size of the CIR and TRP information it collects (i.e., the size of a single sample consisting of such information). The configuration provided by the gNB may also include information about data fields that the UE can easily cache and transmit at a later time. Examples of such measurements could include proprietary UE measurements, sensor information, etc.

[0135] At 915, the UE can determine the content of each sample for each use case in the use case. For example, in addition to the measurements configured by the gNB, the UE can decide to also report proprietary L1 measurements, SNR, Doppler shift, temperature information, etc., for different use cases.

[0136] At 920, the UE can confirm the MDT configuration provided by the NW, for example via an RRC reconfiguration completion message, and can inform the NW about the contents of each sample for each use case. For example, in the case of beam management, the UE can report that a complete sample may consist of L1-RSRP, Beam_ID (CRI / SSBRI), proprietary L1 measurements, temperature, and SNR.

[0137] At 925, the gNB can set a counter based on information received by the UE. In one example embodiment, this could be a counter for all use cases, which could explain the UE's data collection storage capacity and the data caching requirements for each use case. Based on these parameters, the gNB can know / determine whether the cache at the UE is full. In another example embodiment, the UE may have reported a certain cache size for each use case in the use cases. In this case, the gNB can maintain a separate counter for each use case in the use cases and can use reports from the UE about the collected samples to continuously track the available storage space in the UE. For example, the UE can report the cache capacity for all three use cases. Additionally, the UE can report samples of sizes 1 MB, 10 MB, and 50 MB collected for CSI, BM, and location use cases. Based on this information, the gNB can know / determine how many samples the UE can collect before the cache(s) for each use case become full.

[0138] At 930, the UE can send a measurement report based on the configuration provided by the gNB. This report can consist at least of information mandatory for the gNB (e.g., a traditional L1 measurement report). Unlike traditional reports, the UE can also collect additional measurements (e.g., proprietary L1 measurement data, temperature, SNR, Doppler, etc.). The UE can report to the gNB that it has collected training samples; however, the UE itself may not send training samples. In one example embodiment, this can be achieved by including additional IEs in the L1 or L3 measurement report, which can be transmitted via L1 / L2 or L3 signaling. For example, the UE can use a simple encoding scheme to inform the gNB about the type of samples collected, such as: 00->CSI compressed samples; 01->CSI predicted samples; 10->BM samples; 11->Location samples.

[0139] If the UE collects multiple samples for a single report, it can notify the gNB by including a longer sequence. For example, if the IE contains the sequence "0011", it could indicate that the UE has collected data for CSI compression and positioning in its cache. Since the data fields including the complete sample may be reported to the NW at different times, the UE may also need to associate the sample ID with the data fields it reports so that the receiving entity can combine the correct fields to form a complete sample.

[0140] At 935, the gNB can collect data fields from the MDT report from the UE, as well as (multiple) sample IDs. Unlike the previous example, instead of forwarding the measurement to the management system or TCE, the gNB can cache it and wait until a complete sample is received from the UE.

[0141] At step 940, the UE can indicate to the gNB that additional samples have been collected. Depending on the configuration provided by the gNB, these samples may consist of data fields complementary to the measurements sent in step 6 (930), or new measurements. As an example of supplementary measurements, in the case of BM, in step 6 (930), the UE may have already sent data fields that can be associated with the NW (e.g., measurements included in the traditional L1 measurement reporting framework). In step 8 (940), the UE can send the remaining data fields of the samples, i.e., information that may be related to the UE-side model, such as proprietary L1 measurements, temperature, SNR, etc.

[0142] At step 945, the gNB can store the additional measurements received in step 8 (940) and check whether a complete sample has been received. In the context of this example, a complete sample can be a data point with all the entries required to train the UE and NW-side models. For example, in the case of the BM use case described in the preceding steps, it might include the entries collected in step 7 (935) (i.e., the measurements sent via the traditional L1 reporting framework) and the data fields sent in step 8 (940) (i.e., proprietary L1 measurements, temperature, and SNR) for the same sample ID. The gNB can then collect this complete sample and forward it to the management system or TCE.

[0143] At 950, the gNB can send tracking records for (multiple) complete samples to the management system or TCE. At 955, the gNB can send configurations for the transmission of (multiple) data of a certain category to the UE. At 960, the UE can send data, (multiple) sample IDs, and / or cache status information to the gNB. At 965, the gNB can update the counter. At 970, the gNB can send tracking records for (multiple) complete samples to the management system or TCE.

[0144] Now for reference Figure 10 This illustrates an example of complete caching processing according to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure. At 1005, the management system may send a tracking session activation message containing MDT configuration to the gNB. At 1010, the gNB may configure the UE using the MDT and notify it of measurements that should be reported. For example, the gNB may send an RRC connection reconfiguration message to the UE, which may include MDT configuration and / or data caching policy.

[0145] Examples of these measurements can vary depending on the use case under consideration. In the case of the CSI use case, these could be (but are not limited to) CQI, L1 RSRP measurements, etc. In the BM use case, these could be (but are not limited to) set A and set B beam configurations. For the positioning use case, these could be (but are not limited to) SS-RSRP, SS-RSRQ, PRS, etc. For each use case, the gNB can also instruct the UE which subset of data it must report within a certain time period (e.g., similar to traditional reporting methods). As an example, these could be measurements that the NW can use for different purposes, such as monitoring, fine-tuning of the NW-side model, etc. For example, in the case of the CSI compression use case (possibly enabled by a bilateral model), the UE might need to indicate the size of the actual CSI (e.g., channel feature vectors) and compressed CSI that it can collect (this could be the size of a sample). Similarly, for the BM use case, the UE might need to indicate at least the size of the L1-RSRP and Beam_ID (CRI / SSBRI) it collects. For the positioning use case, the UE might be expected to report the size of the CIR and TRP information it collects (i.e., the size of one sample consisting of such information). The configuration provided by the gNB can also include information about data fields that the UE can easily cache and transmit at a later time. Examples of such measurements could include proprietary UE measurements, sensor information, etc.

[0146] At point 1015, the UE can determine the content for each sample of each use case within the use case. For example, in addition to the measurements configured by the gNB, the UE can decide to also report proprietary L1 measurements, SNR, Doppler shift, temperature information, etc., for different use cases.

[0147] At 1020, the UE can confirm the MDT configuration provided by the NW, for example via an RRC reconfiguration completion message, and can inform the NW about the contents of each sample for each use case. For example, in the case of beam management, the UE can report that a complete sample may consist of L1-RSRP, Beam_ID (CRI / SSBRI), proprietary L1 measurements, temperature, and SNR.

[0148] At position 1025, the gNB can set a counter based on information received by the UE. In one example embodiment, this could be a counter for all use cases, which could explain the UE's data collection storage capacity and the data caching requirements for each use case. Based on these parameters, the gNB can know / determine whether the cache at the UE is full. In another example embodiment, the UE may have reported a certain cache size for each use case in the use cases. In this case, the gNB can maintain a separate counter for each use case in the use cases and can use reports from the UE about the collected samples to continuously track the available storage space in the UE. For example, the UE can report the cache capacity for all three use cases. Additionally, the UE can report samples collected in sizes of 1 MB, 10 MB, and 50 MB for CSI, BM, and location use cases, respectively. Based on this information, the gNB can know / determine how many samples the UE can collect before the cache(s) for each use case become full.

[0149] At 1030, the UE can send a measurement report based on the configuration provided by the gNB. This report can consist at least of information mandatory for the gNB (e.g., a traditional L1 measurement report). Unlike traditional reports, the UE can also collect additional measurements (e.g., proprietary L1 measurement data, temperature, SNR, Doppler, etc.). The UE can report to the gNB that it has collected training samples; however, the UE itself may not send training samples. In one example embodiment, this can be achieved by including additional IEs in the L1 or L3 measurement report, which can be transmitted via L1 / L2 or L3 signaling. For example, the UE can use a simple encoding scheme to inform the gNB about the type of samples collected, such as: 00->CSI compressed samples; 01->CSI predicted samples; 10->BM samples; 11->Location samples.

[0150] If the UE collects multiple samples for a single report, it can notify the gNB by including a longer sequence. For example, if the IE contains the sequence "0011", it could indicate that the UE has collected data for CSI compression and positioning in its cache. Since the data fields including the complete sample may be reported to the NW at different times, the UE may also need to associate the sample ID with the data fields it reports so that the receiving entity can combine the correct fields to form a complete sample.

[0151] At position 1035, the gNB can collect data fields from the MDT report from the UE, as well as sample IDs (multiple). The gNB can cache measurements and wait until a complete sample is received from the UE. The gNB can update the counters as appropriate.

[0152] At 1040, the gNB can send tracking records for (multiple) complete samples to the management system or TCE. At 1045, the UE can indicate that it has reached maximum capacity. In another example embodiment, the gNB can also infer whether / if the UE's cache has run out of storage (e.g., without an indication from the UE's complete cache). At 1050, the NW can command the UE to clear some portions of its cache or recorded data, for example, if duplicate information is available to the gNB. This may or may not be related to... Figure 6-7 The example is similar. At 1055, the UE can clear the cache according to the gNB's command.

[0153] At 1060, the UE can send an MDT report to the gNB, which may include indicators and / or sample IDs of the collected samples; however, the UE may not send the collected samples themselves. At 1065, the gNB can store the received data fields and update the counters. At 1070, the gNB can configure the transmission of certain categories of data at the UE. At 1075, the UE can send data, sample IDs(multiple), and / or cache status information to the gNB. At 1080, the gNB can update the counters. At 1085, the gNB can send a tracking record for(multiple) complete samples to the management system or TCE.

[0154] The technical effect of the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure can be to alleviate the current data cache (e.g., RRC cache status report) size and time constraints, which may not have been designed primarily for AI / ML training data collection considerations (the amount of data that can be cached / recorded and the time constraints for cached / recorded data).

[0155] The technical effect of the exemplary embodiments disclosed herein can be to reduce the complexity of NW-side configuration and synchronization tasks throughout the data collection phase.

[0156] The technical effect of the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure can be to reduce the potential waste of air interface resources when sending large amounts of data.

[0157] The technical effect of the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure can be to enable the synchronization and sharing of common metadata information and / or common measurements between the UE and NW, thereby reducing the exchange of data / information over the air interface.

[0158] Figure 11Potential steps of example method 1100 are illustrated. Example method 1100 may include: sending to a base station at least: at least one data buffering capability of the device, and at least one data sample size, 1110; receiving from the base station a configuration for performing data collection, 1120; sending to the base station an instruction regarding at least one or more samples collected according to the received configuration for performing data collection, 1130; and sending to the base station data of at least one of the one or more samples, 1140. Example method 1100 may be performed, for example, using a UE.

[0159] Figure 12 Potential steps of example method 1200 are illustrated. Example method 1200 may include: receiving from a user equipment at least: at least one data buffering capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size, 1210; sending to the user equipment a configuration for performing data collection, 1220; receiving from the user equipment an indication regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the received configuration for performing data collection, 1230; and sending to the user equipment an indication for transmitting data of at least one of the one or more samples, wherein the indication for transmitting data of the one or more samples is at least partially based on the received indication regarding the one or more samples, 1240. Example method 1200 may be performed, for example, using a base station, eNB, gNB, network element, network node, etc.

[0160] Figure 13 Potential steps of example method 1300 are illustrated. Example method 1300 may include: receiving a radio resource control reconfiguration message from a base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message includes at least a minimization of the drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy, 1310; determining corresponding content for samples for one or more use cases, the one or more use cases being indicated to utilize the minimization of the drive-test configuration, 1320; sending a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to the base station, the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message including at least one of the following: an indication of the determined corresponding content for samples for one or more use cases, at least one data caching capability of the device, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases, 1330; and sending a measurement report to the base station, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample, wherein the at least one sample includes at least the determined content, 1340. Example method 1300 may be performed, for example, using a UE.

[0161] Figure 14Potential steps of example method 1400 are illustrated. Example method 1400 may include: receiving a tracking session activation from a management system, wherein the tracking session activation includes at least the minimization of a drive-test configuration, 1410; sending a radio resource control reconfiguration message to a user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message includes at least the minimization of the drive-test configuration and a data caching policy, 1420; receiving a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message from the user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message includes at least one of the following: an indication of the corresponding content of a sample of one or more indicated use cases using the minimization of the drive-test configuration, at least one data caching capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases, 1430; receiving at least one measurement report from the user equipment, the at least one measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample, 1440; and sending at least one tracking record to a management system, at least in part based on at least one received measurement report, 1450. Example method 1400 may be performed, for example, using a base station, eNB, gNB, network element, network node, etc.

[0162] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: send to a base station at least: at least one data caching capability of the user equipment and at least one data sample size; receive from the base station a configuration for performing data collection; send to the base station an instruction regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the received configuration for performing data collection; and send to the base station data of at least one of the one or more samples.

[0163] This example device can be in radio resource control connection mode.

[0164] Sending the at least one sample may include the example apparatus being configured to: receive from a base station an instruction for sending data for the at least one sample, wherein the data may be sent at least in part based on the received instruction for sending the data.

[0165] Sending the at least one sample may include the example device being configured to: determine the data to be sent based at least in part on at least one of the following: a received configuration for performing data collection, determining to send data periodically, determining to send data non-periodically, a determined trigger for sending data, or a pre-configured time slot for sending data.

[0166] The at least one data sample size may include at least one of the following: a general sample size, or a data sample size for the determined use case.

[0167] The identified use cases may include one of the following: channel state information use case, beam management use case, or location use case.

[0168] The identified use cases may include channel state information use cases, wherein the data sample size may include at least one of the following: the size of the real channel state information, the size of the compressed channel state information, or the size of the additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0169] The identified use cases may include beam management use cases, wherein the data sample size may include at least one of the following: the size of Layer 1 reference signal received power information, the size of beam identifier information, the size of channel state information reference signal resource indicator, the size of synchronization signal block resource indicator, the size of physical broadcast channel block resource indicator, or the size of additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0170] The identified use cases may include location use cases, wherein the data sample size may include at least one of the following: the size of the channel impulse response information, the size of the total radiated power information, or the size of additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0171] The configuration for performing data collection can be received via one of the following: downlink control information, media access control control element, or radio resource control reconfiguration message.

[0172] Instructions regarding one or more samples can be sent via a measurement report.

[0173] Instructions regarding one or more samples may be sent on at least one of the following: periodic basis, non-periodic basis, or semi-persistent basis.

[0174] Indications regarding one or more samples may include an indication of the number of samples that have been collected.

[0175] Indications regarding one or more samples may include an indication that at least one cache storing one or more samples has reached or is close to its capacity.

[0176] The example device can also be configured to send an indication to the base station of the amount of data for one or more samples that the device intends to send.

[0177] The example device can also be configured to cache at least some data of one or more samples.

[0178] The example device can also be configured to receive requests from a base station for metadata associated with one or more samples.

[0179] The example device can also be configured to: send metadata associated with one or more samples to a base station; and receive from the base station an instruction to discard at least a portion of one or more samples that overlap with data stored at the base station.

[0180] The example device can also be configured to discard at least a portion of one or more samples.

[0181] Metadata can include at least the type of one or more samples.

[0182] The configuration for performing data collection may include at least an indication of the number of one or more samples to be sent from the device to the base station.

[0183] The example apparatus may also be configured to: determine one or more measurements to be performed, at least in part based on a configuration for performing data collection; determine additional information to be collected together with the one or more determined measurements, wherein the additional information may include at least one of the following: at least one proprietary user equipment measurement, at least one proprietary L1 measurement, one or more additional measurements, at least one signal-to-noise ratio, Doppler information, temperature information, or at least one condition under which the one or more measurements are performed; perform the one or more determined measurements; and collect the additional information, wherein the one or more samples may include at least the one or more determined measurements and the additional information.

[0184] According to one aspect, an example method may be provided, comprising: using a user equipment to send to a base station at least: at least one data buffering capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size; receiving from the base station a configuration for performing data collection; sending to the base station an indication of at least one or more samples collected according to the received configuration for performing data collection; and sending to the base station data of at least one of the one or more samples.

[0185] The user equipment can be in radio resource control connection mode.

[0186] Sending the at least one sample may include: receiving from a base station an instruction to send data for the at least one sample, wherein the data may be sent at least in part based on the received instruction to send the data.

[0187] Sending the at least one sample may include determining the data to be sent based at least in part on at least one of the following: a received configuration for performing data collection, determining to send data periodically, determining to send data non-periodically, a determined trigger for sending data, or a pre-configured time slot for sending data.

[0188] The at least one data sample size may include at least one of the following: a general sample size, or a data sample size for the determined use case.

[0189] The identified use cases may include one of the following: channel state information use case, beam management use case, or location use case.

[0190] The identified use cases may include channel state information use cases, wherein the data sample size may include at least one of the following: the size of the real channel state information, the size of the compressed channel state information, or the size of the additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0191] The identified use cases may include beam management use cases, wherein the data sample size may include at least one of the following: the size of Layer 1 reference signal received power information, the size of beam identifier information, the size of channel state information reference signal resource indicator, the size of synchronization signal block resource indicator, the size of physical broadcast channel block resource indicator, or the size of additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0192] The identified use cases may include location use cases, wherein the data sample size may include at least one of the following: the size of the channel impulse response information, the size of the total radiated power information, or the size of additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0193] The configuration for performing data collection can be received via one of the following: downlink control information, media access control control element, or radio resource control reconfiguration message.

[0194] Instructions regarding one or more samples can be sent via a measurement report.

[0195] Instructions regarding one or more samples may be sent on at least one of the following: periodic basis, non-periodic basis, or semi-persistent basis.

[0196] Indications regarding one or more samples may include an indication of the number of samples that have been collected.

[0197] Indications regarding one or more samples may include an indication that at least one cache storing one or more samples has reached or is close to its capacity.

[0198] Example methods may also include: sending an indication to the base station of the amount of data for one or more samples that the device intends to send.

[0199] Example methods may also include: caching at least some data from one or more samples.

[0200] Example methods may also include: receiving a request from a base station for metadata associated with one or more samples.

[0201] The example method may also include: sending metadata associated with one or more samples to a base station; and receiving from the base station an instruction to discard at least a portion of one or more samples that overlap with data stored at the base station.

[0202] Example methods may also include: discarding at least a portion of one or more samples.

[0203] Metadata can include at least the type of one or more samples.

[0204] The configuration for performing data collection may include at least an indication of the number of one or more samples to be sent from the user equipment to the base station.

[0205] Example methods may further include: determining one or more measurements to be performed, at least in part based on a configuration for performing data collection; determining additional information to be collected together with the one or more determined measurements, wherein the additional information may include at least one of the following: at least one proprietary user equipment measurement, at least one proprietary L1 measurement, one or more additional measurements, at least one signal-to-noise ratio, Doppler information, temperature information, or at least one condition under which the one or more measurements are performed; performing the one or more determined measurements; and collecting the additional information, wherein the one or more samples may include at least the one or more determined measurements and the additional information.

[0206] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus may include: circuitry configured to perform the following: sending to a base station at least: at least one data buffering capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size; circuitry configured to perform the following: receiving from the base station a configuration for performing data collection; circuitry configured to perform the following: sending to the base station an indication of one or more samples collected at least according to the received configuration for performing data collection; and circuitry configured to perform the following: sending to the base station data of at least one of the one or more samples.

[0207] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus may include: a processing circuitry system; and a memory circuitry system including computer program code, the memory circuitry system and the computer program code being configured, together with the processing circuitry system, to enable the apparatus to: transmit to a base station at least: at least one data buffering capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size; receive from the base station a configuration for performing data collection; transmit to the base station an instruction regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the received configuration for performing data collection; and transmit to the base station data of at least one of the one or more samples.

[0208] As used herein, the terms “circuit system” or “component” may refer to one or more of the following: (a) a hardware circuit implementation only (such as an implementation only in analog and / or digital circuit systems) and (b) a combination of hardware circuitry and software, such as (if applicable): (i) a combination of (multiple) analog and / or digital hardware circuitry with software / firmware and (ii) any portion of (multiple) hardware processors having software (including (multiple) digital signal processors), software, and (multiple) memories, which work together to enable a device (such as a mobile phone or server) to perform various functions and (c) (multiple) hardware circuitry and / or (multiple) processors (such as (multiple) microprocessors or portions of (multiple) microprocessors) that require software (e.g., firmware) to operate, but may be absent where operation does not require software. This definition of “circuit system” applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claim. As another example, as used herein, the term “circuit system” also covers implementations of hardware circuitry or processors (or multiple processors) or portions of hardware circuitry or processors and their accompanying software and / or firmware. For example, if applicable to certain claim elements, the term "circuit system" also covers baseband integrated circuits or processor integrated circuits for mobile devices or similar integrated circuits in servers, cellular network devices or other computing or networking devices.

[0209] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus may include components for: sending to a base station at least: at least one data caching capability of the user equipment and at least one data sample size; receiving from the base station a configuration for performing data collection; sending to the base station an indication of at least one or more samples collected according to the received configuration for performing data collection; and sending to the base station data of at least one of the one or more samples.

[0210] The device can be in radio resource control connection mode.

[0211] The component configured to transmit the at least one sample may include a component configured to receive from a base station an instruction for transmitting data for the at least one sample, wherein the data may be transmitted at least in part based on the received instruction for transmitting the data.

[0212] The component configured to send the at least one sample may include a component configured to: determine the data to be sent for the at least one sample based at least in part on: a received configuration for performing data collection, determining to send data periodically, determining to send data aperiodically, a determined trigger for sending data, or a pre-configured time slot for sending data.

[0213] The at least one data sample size may include at least one of the following: a general sample size, or a data sample size for the determined use case.

[0214] The identified use cases may include one of the following: channel state information use case, beam management use case, or location use case.

[0215] The identified use cases may include channel state information use cases, wherein the data sample size may include at least one of the following: the size of the real channel state information, the size of the compressed channel state information, or the size of the additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0216] The identified use cases may include beam management use cases, wherein the data sample size may include at least one of the following: the size of Layer 1 reference signal received power information, the size of beam identifier information, the size of channel state information reference signal resource indicator, the size of synchronization signal block resource indicator, the size of physical broadcast channel block resource indicator, or the size of additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0217] The identified use cases may include location use cases, wherein the data sample size may include at least one of the following: the size of the channel impulse response information, the size of the total radiated power information, or the size of additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0218] The configuration for performing data collection can be received via one of the following: downlink control information, media access control control element, or radio resource control reconfiguration message.

[0219] Instructions regarding one or more samples can be sent via a measurement report.

[0220] Instructions regarding one or more samples may be sent on at least one of the following: periodic basis, non-periodic basis, or semi-persistent basis.

[0221] Indications regarding one or more samples may include an indication of the number of samples that have been collected.

[0222] Indications regarding one or more samples may include an indication that at least one cache storing one or more samples has reached or is close to its capacity.

[0223] This component can also be configured to: send an indication to the base station of the amount of data for one or more samples that the device intends to send.

[0224] This component can also be configured to: cache at least some data from one or more samples.

[0225] This component can also be configured to receive requests from the base station for metadata associated with one or more samples.

[0226] The component can also be configured to: send metadata associated with one or more samples to the base station; and receive from the base station an instruction to discard at least a portion of one or more samples that overlap with data stored at the base station.

[0227] This component can also be configured to discard at least a portion of one or more samples.

[0228] Metadata can include at least the type of one or more samples.

[0229] The configuration for performing data collection may include at least an indication of the number of one or more samples to be sent from the device to the base station.

[0230] The component can also be configured to: determine one or more measurements to be performed, at least in part based on a configuration for performing data collection; determine additional information to be collected together with the one or more determined measurements, wherein the additional information may include at least one of the following: at least one proprietary user equipment measurement, at least one proprietary L1 measurement, one or more additional measurements, at least one signal-to-noise ratio, Doppler information, temperature information, or at least one condition under which the one or more measurements are performed; perform the one or more determined measurements; and collect the additional information, wherein the one or more samples may include at least the one or more determined measurements and the additional information.

[0231] Processors, memory, and / or example algorithms (which may be encoded as instructions, programs, or code) may be provided as example components for providing or causing the execution of operations.

[0232] According to one example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions stored thereon that, when executed using at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to: cause a user equipment to send at least the following to a base station: at least one data caching capability of the user equipment and at least one data sample size; cause to receive from the base station a configuration for performing data collection; cause to send to the base station an instruction regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the received configuration for performing data collection; and cause to send to the base station data of at least one of the one or more samples.

[0233] According to one example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes program instructions stored thereon for at least performing: causing a user equipment to transmit to a base station at least: at least one data buffering capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size; causing the user equipment to receive a configuration for performing data collection from the base station; causing the user equipment to transmit to the base station an instruction regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the received configuration for performing data collection; and causing the user equipment to transmit to the base station data of at least one of the one or more samples.

[0234] According to another example embodiment, a machine-readable non-transitory program storage device may be provided, tangibly embodying machine-executable instructions for performing operations including: causing a user equipment to transmit to a base station at least: at least one data buffering capability of the user equipment and at least one data sample size; causing a configuration for performing data collection to be received from the base station; causing an instruction to be sent to the base station regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the received configuration for performing data collection; and causing data of at least one of the one or more samples to be sent to the base station.

[0235] According to another example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions that, when executed by a device, cause the device to at least: cause a user equipment to transmit to a base station at least: at least one data buffering capability of the user equipment and at least one data sample size; cause to receive from the base station a configuration for performing data collection; cause to send to the base station an instruction regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the received configuration for performing data collection; and cause to send to the base station data of at least one of the one or more samples.

[0236] A computer-implemented system includes: at least one processor and at least one non-transitory memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the system to at least: cause to transmit to a base station at least: at least one data buffering capability of the user equipment and at least one data sample size; cause to receive from the base station a configuration for performing data collection; cause to transmit to the base station an instruction regarding at least one or more samples collected according to the received configuration for performing data collection; and cause to transmit to the base station data of at least one of the one or more samples.

[0237] A computer-implemented system includes: components for inducing the transmission of at least the following to a base station using a user equipment: at least one data buffering capability of the user equipment and at least one data sample size; components for inducing the reception of a configuration for performing data collection from the base station; components for inducing the transmission to the base station of an instruction regarding at least one or more samples collected according to the received configuration for performing data collection; and components for inducing the transmission to the base station of data for at least one of the one or more samples.

[0238] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: receive from a user equipment at least: at least one data caching capability of the user equipment and at least one data sample size; send to the user equipment a configuration for performing data collection; receive from the user equipment an indication regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the configuration for performing data collection; and send to the user equipment an indication for sending data of at least one of the one or more samples, wherein the indication for sending data of the one or more samples may be at least partially based on the received indication regarding the one or more samples.

[0239] User equipment can be in radio resource control connection mode.

[0240] The example device can also be configured to receive data from a user equipment.

[0241] The at least one data sample size may include at least one of the following: a general sample size, or a data sample size for the identified use case.

[0242] The identified use cases may include one of the following: channel state information use case, beam management use case, or location use case.

[0243] The identified use cases may include channel state information use cases, wherein the data sample size may include at least one of the following: the size of the real channel state information, the size of the compressed channel state information, or the size of the additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0244] The identified use cases may include beam management use cases, wherein the data sample size may include at least one of the following: the size of Layer 1 reference signal received power information, the size of beam identifier information, the size of channel state information reference signal resource indicator, the size of synchronization signal block resource indicator, the size of physical broadcast channel block resource indicator, or the size of additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0245] The identified use cases may include location use cases, wherein the data sample size may include at least one of the following: the size of the channel impulse response information, the size of the total radiated power information, or the size of additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0246] The configuration for performing data collection can be sent via one of the following: downlink control information, media access control control element, or radio resource control reconfiguration message.

[0247] Instructions regarding one or more samples can be received via a measurement report.

[0248] Indications for one or more samples may be received on at least one of the following: periodic basis, non-periodic basis, or semi-persistent basis.

[0249] Indications regarding one or more samples may include an indication of the number of samples that the user device has collected.

[0250] Indications regarding one or more samples may include an indication that at least one cache storing one or more samples has reached or is close to its capacity.

[0251] The example device can also be configured to determine, at least one cache at the user equipment, has reached or is approaching capacity, based at least in part on an indication that at least one cache storing one or more samples has reached or is approaching capacity.

[0252] The example device can also be configured to determine, at least one cache at the user equipment reaches or is close to its capacity, based at least in part on the amount of data received from the user equipment, at least one data caching capacity, and at least one data sample size.

[0253] The example device can also be configured to determine, at least in part, that at least one cache at the user equipment has reached or is close to its capacity, based on the configuration used to perform data collection.

[0254] The example device can also be configured to send a request to a user equipment for metadata associated with one or more samples.

[0255] Requests for metadata may be sent in response to the determination that at least one cache at the user device has reached or is close to its capacity.

[0256] The example device may also be configured to: receive metadata associated with one or more samples from a user equipment; determine at least a portion of one or more samples that overlap with data stored at the device, based at least in part on the received metadata; and send to the user equipment at least a portion of the one or more samples that overlap with data stored at the device to discard.

[0257] Metadata can include at least the type of one or more samples.

[0258] The example device can also be configured to initiate at least one counter associated with the user equipment, based at least in part on at least one data caching capability and at least one data sample size of the user equipment.

[0259] At least one counter can be initialized to a value of zero.

[0260] The at least one counter can be configured to indicate at least one of the following: the number of samples that the user equipment has collected, or the number of samples collected by the user equipment for one or more use cases, wherein the one or more use cases are indicated using a configuration for performing data collection.

[0261] The example device can also be configured to update at least one counter based at least in part on indications about one or more samples.

[0262] Instructions for sending data for one or more samples may be sent in response to at least one of the following: determining that at least one counter has reached its maximum value, or the value of at least one counter.

[0263] The example device can also be configured to determine, at least in part, whether all data for one or more samples has been received from the user equipment based on a comparison of at least one counter with the amount of data received from the user equipment.

[0264] The example apparatus can also be configured to determine the number of one or more samples received from the user equipment, based at least in part on the size of the payload received from the user equipment and the size of at least one data sample.

[0265] The example apparatus can also be configured to: receive from the user equipment an indication of the amount of data of one or more samples that the user equipment intends to send; and determine, at least in part, the number of one or more samples that have been received from the user equipment based on the indicated amount.

[0266] The configuration for performing data collection may include at least an indication of the number of one or more samples to be sent from the user device to the device.

[0267] According to one aspect, an example method may be provided, comprising: receiving from a user equipment at least: at least one data buffering capability of the user equipment and at least one data sample size using a base station; sending to the user equipment a configuration for performing data collection; receiving from the user equipment an indication regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the configuration for performing data collection; and sending to the user equipment an indication for transmitting data of at least one of the one or more samples, wherein the indication for transmitting data of the one or more samples may be at least partially based on the received indication regarding the one or more samples.

[0268] User equipment can be in radio resource control connection mode.

[0269] Example methods may also include: receiving data from a user device.

[0270] The at least one data sample size may include at least one of the following: a general sample size, or a data sample size for the identified use case.

[0271] The identified use cases may include one of the following: channel state information use case, beam management use case, or location use case.

[0272] The identified use cases may include channel state information use cases, wherein the data sample size may include at least one of the following: the size of the real channel state information, the size of the compressed channel state information, or the size of the additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0273] The identified use cases may include beam management use cases, wherein the data sample size may include at least one of the following: the size of Layer 1 reference signal received power information, the size of beam identifier information, the size of channel state information reference signal resource indicator, the size of synchronization signal block resource indicator, the size of physical broadcast channel block resource indicator, or the size of additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0274] The identified use cases may include location use cases, wherein the data sample size may include at least one of the following: the size of the channel impulse response information, the size of the total radiated power information, or the size of additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0275] The configuration for performing data collection can be sent via one of the following: downlink control information, media access control control element, or radio resource control reconfiguration message.

[0276] Instructions regarding one or more samples can be received via a measurement report.

[0277] Indications for one or more samples may be received on at least one of the following: periodic basis, non-periodic basis, or semi-persistent basis.

[0278] Indications regarding one or more samples may include an indication of the number of samples that the user device has collected.

[0279] Indications regarding one or more samples may include an indication that at least one cache storing one or more samples has reached or is close to its capacity.

[0280] The example method may also include: determining that at least one cache at the user equipment has reached or is close to its capacity, based at least in part on an indication that at least one cache storing one or more samples has reached or is close to its capacity.

[0281] Example methods may also include: determining, at least one cache at the user equipment, to be at or near capacity, based at least in part on the amount of data received from the user equipment, at least one data caching capacity, and at least one data sample size.

[0282] Example methods may also include: determining, at least in part, based on the configuration used to perform data collection, that at least one cache at the user device has reached or is close to its capacity.

[0283] Example methods may also include sending a request to a user device for metadata associated with one or more samples.

[0284] Requests for metadata may be sent in response to the determination that at least one cache at the user device has reached or is close to its capacity.

[0285] The example method may also include: receiving metadata associated with one or more samples from a user equipment; determining at least a portion of one or more samples that overlap with data stored at a base station, based at least in part on the received metadata; and sending to the user equipment at least a portion of the one or more samples that overlap with data stored at a base station to discard.

[0286] Metadata can include at least the type of one or more samples.

[0287] Example methods may also include: initiating at least one counter associated with the user device, based at least in part on at least one data caching capability and at least one data sample size of the user device.

[0288] At least one counter can be initialized to a value of zero.

[0289] The at least one counter can be configured to indicate at least one of the following: the number of samples that the user equipment has collected, or the number of samples that the user equipment has collected for one or more use cases, wherein the one or more use cases are indicated using a configuration for performing data collection.

[0290] Example methods may also include updating at least one counter based at least in part on indications about one or more samples.

[0291] Instructions for sending data for one or more samples may be sent in response to at least one of the following: determining that at least one counter has reached its maximum value, or the value of at least one counter.

[0292] Example methods may also include: determining, at least in part, whether all data for one or more samples has been received from the user equipment based on a comparison of at least one counter with the amount of data received from the user equipment.

[0293] The example method may also include: determining the number of one or more samples received from the user equipment, based at least in part on the size of the payload received from the user equipment and the size of at least one data sample.

[0294] The example method may also include: receiving from the user equipment an indication of the amount of data of one or more samples that the user equipment intends to send; and determining, at least in part, the number of one or more samples that have been received from the user equipment based on the indicated amount.

[0295] The configuration for performing data collection may include at least an indication of the number of one or more samples to be sent from the user device to the device.

[0296] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus may include: circuitry configured to perform the following: receiving from a user equipment at least: at least one data buffering capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size; circuitry configured to perform the following: sending to the user equipment a configuration for performing data collection; circuitry configured to perform the following: receiving from the user equipment an indication regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the configuration for performing data collection; and circuitry configured to perform the following: sending to the user equipment an indication for transmitting data of at least one of the one or more samples, wherein the indication for transmitting data of the one or more samples may be at least partially based on the received indication regarding the one or more samples.

[0297] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus may include: a processing circuitry system; and a memory circuitry system including computer program code, the memory circuitry system and the computer program code being configured, together with the processing circuitry system, to enable the apparatus to: receive from a user equipment at least: at least one data buffering capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size; send to the user equipment a configuration for performing data collection; receive from the user equipment an indication regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the configuration for performing data collection; and send to the user equipment an indication for transmitting data of at least one of the one or more samples, wherein the indication for transmitting data of the one or more samples may be at least partially based on the received indication regarding the one or more samples.

[0298] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus may include components for: receiving from a user equipment at least: at least one data caching capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size; sending to the user equipment a configuration for performing data collection; receiving from the user equipment an indication regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the configuration for performing data collection; and sending to the user equipment an indication for sending data of at least one of the one or more samples, wherein the indication for sending data of the one or more samples may be at least partially based on the received indication regarding the one or more samples.

[0299] User equipment can be in radio resource control connection mode.

[0300] This component can also be configured to receive data from user equipment.

[0301] The at least one data sample size may include at least one of the following: a general sample size, or a data sample size for the identified use case.

[0302] The identified use cases may include one of the following: channel state information use case, beam management use case, or location use case.

[0303] The identified use cases may include channel state information use cases, wherein the data sample size may include at least one of the following: the size of the real channel state information, the size of the compressed channel state information, or the size of the additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0304] The identified use cases may include beam management use cases, wherein the data sample size may include at least one of the following: the size of Layer 1 reference signal received power information, the size of beam identifier information, the size of channel state information reference signal resource indicator, the size of synchronization signal block resource indicator, the size of physical broadcast channel block resource indicator, or the size of additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0305] The identified use cases may include location use cases, wherein the data sample size may include at least one of the following: the size of the channel impulse response information, the size of the total radiated power information, or the size of additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0306] The configuration for performing data collection can be sent via one of the following: downlink control information, media access control control element, or radio resource control reconfiguration message.

[0307] Instructions regarding one or more samples can be received via a measurement report.

[0308] Indications for one or more samples may be received on at least one of the following: periodic basis, non-periodic basis, or semi-persistent basis.

[0309] Indications regarding one or more samples may include an indication of the number of samples that the user device has collected.

[0310] Indications regarding one or more samples may include an indication that at least one cache storing one or more samples has reached or is close to its capacity.

[0311] The component can also be configured to: determine, at least one cache at a user equipment has reached or is approaching capacity, based at least in part on an indication that at least one cache storing one or more samples has reached or is approaching capacity.

[0312] The component can also be configured to: determine, at least one cache at the user equipment is at or near capacity, based at least in part on the amount of data received from the user equipment, at least one data caching capacity, and at least one data sample size.

[0313] The component can also be configured to: determine, at least in part, based on the configuration used to perform data collection, that at least one cache at the user equipment has reached or is close to its capacity.

[0314] This component can also be configured to send requests to user equipment for metadata associated with one or more samples.

[0315] Requests for metadata may be sent in response to the determination that at least one cache at the user device has reached or is close to its capacity.

[0316] The component can also be configured to: receive metadata associated with one or more samples from a user equipment; determine, at least a portion of one or more samples that overlap with data stored at the device, based at least in part on the received metadata; and send to the user equipment at least a portion of the one or more samples that overlap with data stored at the device to discard.

[0317] Metadata can include at least the type of one or more samples.

[0318] The component can also be configured to: initiate at least one counter associated with the user equipment, based at least in part on at least one data caching capability and at least one data sample size of the user equipment.

[0319] At least one counter can be initialized to a value of zero.

[0320] The at least one counter can be configured to indicate at least one of the following: the number of samples that the user equipment has collected, or the number of samples that the user equipment has collected for one or more use cases, wherein the one or more use cases are indicated using a configuration for performing data collection.

[0321] This component can also be configured to update at least one counter based at least in part on indications about one or more samples.

[0322] Instructions for sending data for one or more samples may be sent in response to at least one of the following: determining that at least one counter has reached its maximum value, or the value of at least one counter.

[0323] The component can also be configured to: determine, at least in part, whether all data for one or more samples has been received from the user equipment based on a comparison of at least one counter with the amount of data received from the user equipment.

[0324] The component can also be configured to: determine the number of one or more samples received from the user equipment, based at least in part on the size of the payload received from the user equipment and the size of at least one data sample.

[0325] The component can also be configured to: receive from the user equipment an indication of the amount of data of one or more samples that the user equipment intends to send; and determine, at least in part, the number of one or more samples that have been received from the user equipment based on the indicated amount.

[0326] The configuration for performing data collection may include at least an indication of the number of one or more samples to be sent from the user device to the device.

[0327] According to one example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions stored thereon that, when executed using at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to: cause to receive from a user equipment at least: at least one data caching capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size; cause to send to the user equipment a configuration for performing data collection; cause to receive from the user equipment an instruction regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the configuration for performing data collection; and cause to send to the user equipment an instruction for sending data of at least one of the one or more samples, wherein the instruction for sending data of the one or more samples may be at least partially based on the received instruction regarding the one or more samples.

[0328] According to one example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes program instructions stored thereon for performing at least the following: causing a user equipment to receive at least: at least one data caching capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size; causing a configuration for performing data collection to be sent to the user equipment; causing an instruction to be received from the user equipment regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the configuration for performing data collection; and causing an instruction to be sent to the user equipment for sending data of at least one of the one or more samples, wherein the instruction for sending data of the one or more samples may be at least partially based on the received instruction regarding the one or more samples.

[0329] According to another example embodiment, a machine-readable non-transitory program storage device may be provided, tangibly embodying machine-executable instructions for performing operations including: causing a user equipment to receive at least: at least one data caching capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size; causing a configuration for performing data collection to be sent to the user equipment; causing an instruction to be received from the user equipment regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the configuration for performing data collection; and causing an instruction to be sent to the user equipment for sending data of at least one of the one or more samples, wherein the instruction for sending data of the one or more samples may be at least partially based on the received instruction regarding the one or more samples.

[0330] According to another example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions that, when executed by a device, cause the device to perform at least the following: causing to receive from a user equipment at least: at least one data buffering capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size; causing to send to the user equipment a configuration for performing data collection; causing to receive from the user equipment an instruction regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the configuration for performing data collection; and causing to send to the user equipment an instruction for transmitting data of at least one of the one or more samples, wherein the instruction for transmitting data of the one or more samples may be at least partially based on the received instruction regarding the one or more samples.

[0331] A computer-implemented system includes: at least one processor and at least one non-transitory memory, at least one memory-stored instruction that, when executed by the at least one processor, causes the system to at least: cause to receive from a user equipment at least: at least one data buffering capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size; cause to send to the user equipment a configuration for performing data collection; cause to receive from the user equipment an instruction regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the configuration for performing data collection; and cause to send to the user equipment an instruction for transmitting data of at least one of the one or more samples, wherein the instruction for transmitting data of the one or more samples may be at least partially based on the received instruction regarding the one or more samples.

[0332] A computer-implemented system includes: components for causing to receive from a user equipment at least the following: at least one data buffering capacity of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size; components for causing to send to the user equipment a configuration for performing data collection; components for causing to receive from the user equipment an instruction regarding one or more samples collected at least according to the configuration for performing data collection; and components for causing to send to the user equipment an instruction for sending data of at least one of the one or more samples, wherein the instruction for sending data of the one or more samples may be at least partially based on the received instruction regarding the one or more samples.

[0333] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: receive a radio resource control reconfiguration message from a base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least a minimization of a drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; determine corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, the one or more use cases being indicated by minimization of the drive-test configuration; send a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to the base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message may include at least one of the following: an indication of the determined corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, at least one data caching capability of a user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; and send a measurement report to the base station, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample, wherein the at least one sample may include at least the determined content.

[0334] This example device can be in radio resource control connection mode.

[0335] A minimal driving test configuration may include at least: an indication of the subset of data to be reported within a defined time period for the corresponding use case in one or more use cases.

[0336] At least one data sample size may include at least one of the following: a general sample size, a data sample size for all use cases for one or more use cases, or a data sample size for a specific use case for one or more use cases.

[0337] The one or more use cases that are minimized by the drive test configuration may include at least one of the following: channel state information feedback enhancement use case, beam management enhancement use case, or location enhancement use case.

[0338] One or more use cases indicated by minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include channel state information feedback enhancement use cases, wherein minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include indications for measuring at least one of the following: channel quality indicator, or layer 1 reference signal received power.

[0339] The data sample size for channel state information use cases may include at least one of the following: the size of the actual channel state information, the size of the compressed channel state information, or the size of the additional information collected.

[0340] The one or more use cases indicated by minimizing the driving test configuration may include beam management enhancement use cases, wherein minimizing the driving test configuration may include indications for measuring at least one of the following: a first beam configuration set and a second beam configuration set.

[0341] The data sample size for beam management enhancement use cases may include at least one of the following: the size of Layer 1 reference signal received power information, the size of beam identifier information, the size of channel state information reference signal resource indicator, the size of synchronization signal block resource indicator, the size of physical broadcast channel block resource indicator, or the size of additional information collected.

[0342] One or more use cases indicated by minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include a positioning enhancement use case, wherein minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include an indication for measuring at least one of the following: synchronization reference signal received power, synchronization reference signal received quality, or positioning reference signal.

[0343] The data sample size used for localization enhancement use cases may include at least one of the following: the size of the channel impulse response information, the size of the total radiated power information, or the size of the additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0344] A minimal driving test configuration can include at least an indication of data fields that can be cached for subsequent transmission.

[0345] The determined corresponding content for a sample for one or more use cases may include at least one of the following: at least one measurement of the indicated parameter minimized by a drive test configuration, at least one proprietary user equipment measurement, at least one proprietary L1 measurement, one or more additional measurements, at least one signal-to-noise ratio, Doppler information, sensor information, temperature information, or at least one condition under which the at least one measurement is performed.

[0346] The device may include at least one of the following: caching capability for all use cases of one or more use cases, or caching capability for a specific use case among one or more use cases.

[0347] At least one sample may include samples used to train artificial intelligence and / or machine learning models.

[0348] Measurement reports may include at least one type of indication for at least one sample.

[0349] Measurement reports may include an indication of the number of samples that have been collected.

[0350] The measurement report may include an indication of the amount of data for at least one sample that the device intends to send.

[0351] This example device can also be configured to cache at least some data of at least one sample.

[0352] The data caching strategy may include at least one of the following: an indication of the number of at least one sample to be sent from the device to the base station, or an indication of the type of measurement to be collected for at least one sample.

[0353] The example device can also be configured to receive from a base station a configuration for transmission of at least one of the following: at least a portion of the determined corresponding content of a sample for one or more use cases, or a sample of at least one of the one or more use cases.

[0354] The example device can also be configured to send at least one message to a base station, wherein the at least one message may include at least one of the following: at least a portion of determined corresponding content for a sample of one or more use cases, one or more sample identifiers associated with at least a portion of the determined content, a sample of at least one use case, one or more sample identifiers associated with a sample of at least one use case, or at least one cache state.

[0355] The at least one message may be sent in response to the received configuration for transmission.

[0356] The at least one message may be sent based at least in part on at least one of the following: minimization of the driving test configuration, a data caching strategy, determining to send at least one message periodically, determining to send at least one message non-periodically, a determined trigger for sending at least one message, or a pre-configured time slot for sending at least one message.

[0357] The example device can also be configured to send an indication to the base station that at least one cache storing at least one sample has reached or is close to its capacity.

[0358] The example device can also be configured to: receive from a base station an instruction to discard at least a portion of at least one sample; and discard at least a portion of at least one sample.

[0359] According to one aspect, an example method may be provided, comprising: receiving a radio resource control reconfiguration message from a base station using a user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least a minimization of a drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; determining corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, the one or more use cases being indicated by minimization of the drive-test configuration; sending a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to the base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message may include at least one of the following: an indication of the determined corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, at least one data caching capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; and sending a measurement report to the base station, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample, wherein the at least one sample may include at least the determined content.

[0360] The user equipment can be in radio resource control connection mode.

[0361] A minimal driving test configuration may include at least: an indication of the subset of data to be reported within a defined time period for the corresponding use case in one or more use cases.

[0362] At least one data sample size may include at least one of the following: a general sample size, a data sample size for all use cases for one or more use cases, or a data sample size for a specific use case for one or more use cases.

[0363] The one or more use cases indicated by the minimization of the drive test configuration may include at least one of the following: channel state information feedback enhancement use case, beam management enhancement use case, or positioning enhancement use case.

[0364] One or more use cases indicated by minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include channel state information feedback enhancement use cases, wherein minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include indications for measuring at least one of the following: channel quality indicator, or layer 1 reference signal received power.

[0365] The data sample size for channel state information use cases may include at least one of the following: the size of the actual channel state information, the size of the compressed channel state information, or the size of the additional information collected.

[0366] The one or more use cases indicated by minimizing the driving test configuration may include beam management enhancement use cases, wherein minimizing the driving test configuration may include indications for measuring at least one of the following: a first beam configuration set and a second beam configuration set.

[0367] The data sample size for beam management enhancement use cases may include at least one of the following: the size of Layer 1 reference signal received power information, the size of beam identifier information, the size of channel state information reference signal resource indicator, the size of synchronization signal block resource indicator, the size of physical broadcast channel block resource indicator, or the size of additional information collected.

[0368] One or more use cases indicated by minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include a positioning enhancement use case, wherein minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include an indication for measuring at least one of the following: synchronization reference signal received power, synchronization reference signal received quality, or positioning reference signal.

[0369] The data sample size used for localization enhancement use cases may include at least one of the following: the size of the channel impulse response information, the size of the total radiated power information, or the size of the additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0370] A minimal driving test configuration can include at least an indication of data fields that can be cached for subsequent transmission.

[0371] The determined corresponding content for a sample for one or more use cases may include at least one of the following: at least one measurement of the indicated parameter minimized by a drive test configuration, at least one proprietary user equipment measurement, at least one proprietary L1 measurement, one or more additional measurements, at least one signal-to-noise ratio, Doppler information, sensor information, temperature information, or at least one condition under which the at least one measurement is performed.

[0372] At least one data caching capability of the user equipment may include at least one of the following: caching capability for all use cases of one or more use cases, or caching capability for a specific use case among one or more use cases.

[0373] At least one sample may include samples used to train artificial intelligence and / or machine learning models.

[0374] Measurement reports may include at least one type of indication for at least one sample.

[0375] Measurement reports may include an indication of the number of samples that have been collected.

[0376] The measurement report may include an indication of the amount of data for at least one sample that the user equipment intends to send.

[0377] This example method may also include: caching at least some data of at least one sample.

[0378] The data caching strategy may include at least one of the following: an indication of the number of at least one sample to be sent from the user equipment to the base station, or an indication of the type of measurement to be collected for at least one sample.

[0379] The example method may also include: receiving from a base station a configuration for transmission of at least one of the following: at least a portion of the determined corresponding content of a sample of one or more use cases, or a sample of at least one of the one or more use cases.

[0380] The example method may further include sending at least one message to a base station, wherein the at least one message may include at least one of the following: at least a portion of determined corresponding content for a sample of one or more use cases, one or more sample identifiers associated with at least a portion of the determined content, a sample of at least one use case, one or more sample identifiers associated with a sample of at least one use case, or at least one cache state.

[0381] The at least one message may be sent in response to the received configuration for transmission.

[0382] The at least one message may be sent based at least in part on at least one of the following: minimization of the driving test configuration, a data caching strategy, determining to send at least one message periodically, determining to send at least one message non-periodically, a determined trigger for sending at least one message, or a pre-configured time slot for sending at least one message.

[0383] The example method may also include sending an indication to the base station that at least one cache storing at least one sample has reached or is close to its capacity.

[0384] The example method may also include: receiving an instruction from a base station to discard at least a portion of at least one sample; and discarding at least a portion of at least one sample.

[0385] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus may include: circuitry configured to perform: receiving a radio resource control reconfiguration message from a base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least a minimization of a drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; circuitry configured to perform: determining corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, the one or more use cases being indicated by minimization of the drive-test configuration; circuitry configured to perform: sending a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to the base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message may include at least one of the following: an indication of the determined corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, at least one data caching capability of a user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; and circuitry configured to perform: sending a measurement report to the base station, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample, wherein the at least one sample may include at least the determined content.

[0386] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus may include: a processing circuitry system; and a memory circuitry system including computer program code, the memory circuitry system and the computer program code being configured, together with the processing circuitry system, to enable the apparatus to: receive a radio resource control reconfiguration message from a base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least a minimization of a drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; determine corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, the one or more use cases being indicated by minimization of the drive-test configuration; send a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to the base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message may include at least one of the following: an indication of the determined corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, at least one data caching capability of a user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; and send a measurement report to the base station, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample, wherein the at least one sample may include at least the determined content.

[0387] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus may include components for: receiving a radio resource control reconfiguration message from a base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least a minimization of a drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; determining corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, the one or more use cases being indicated by minimization of the drive-test configuration; sending a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to the base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message may include at least one of the following: an indication of the determined corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, at least one data caching capability of a user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; and sending a measurement report to the base station, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample, wherein the at least one sample may include at least the determined content.

[0388] The device can be in radio resource control connection mode.

[0389] A minimal driving test configuration may include at least: an indication of the subset of data to be reported within a defined time period for the corresponding use case in one or more use cases.

[0390] At least one data sample size may include at least one of the following: a general sample size, a data sample size for all use cases for one or more use cases, or a data sample size for a specific use case for one or more use cases.

[0391] The one or more use cases indicated by the minimization of the drive test configuration may include at least one of the following: channel state information feedback enhancement use case, beam management enhancement use case, or positioning enhancement use case.

[0392] One or more use cases indicated by minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include channel state information feedback enhancement use cases, wherein minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include indications for measuring at least one of the following: channel quality indicator, or layer 1 reference signal received power.

[0393] The data sample size for channel state information use cases may include at least one of the following: the size of the actual channel state information, the size of the compressed channel state information, or the size of the additional information collected.

[0394] The one or more use cases indicated by minimizing the driving test configuration may include beam management enhancement use cases, wherein minimizing the driving test configuration may include indications for measuring at least one of the following: a first beam configuration set and a second beam configuration set.

[0395] The data sample size for beam management enhancement use cases may include at least one of the following: the size of Layer 1 reference signal received power information, the size of beam identifier information, the size of channel state information reference signal resource indicator, the size of synchronization signal block resource indicator, the size of physical broadcast channel block resource indicator, or the size of additional information collected.

[0396] One or more use cases indicated by minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include a positioning enhancement use case, wherein minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include an indication for measuring at least one of the following: synchronization reference signal received power, synchronization reference signal received quality, or positioning reference signal.

[0397] The data sample size used for localization enhancement use cases may include at least one of the following: the size of the channel impulse response information, the size of the total radiated power information, or the size of the additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0398] A minimal driving test configuration can include at least an indication of data fields that can be cached for subsequent transmission.

[0399] The determined corresponding content for a sample for one or more use cases may include at least one of the following: at least one measurement of the indicated parameter minimized by a drive test configuration, at least one proprietary user equipment measurement, at least one proprietary L1 measurement, one or more additional measurements, at least one signal-to-noise ratio, Doppler information, sensor information, temperature information, or at least one condition under which the at least one measurement is performed.

[0400] The device may include at least one of the following: caching capability for all use cases of one or more use cases, or caching capability for a specific use case among one or more use cases.

[0401] At least one sample may include samples used to train artificial intelligence and / or machine learning models.

[0402] Measurement reports may include at least one type of indication for at least one sample.

[0403] Measurement reports may include an indication of the number of samples that have been collected.

[0404] The measurement report may include an indication of the amount of data for at least one sample that the device intends to send.

[0405] This component can also be configured to: cache at least some data for at least one sample.

[0406] The data caching strategy may include at least one of the following: an indication of the number of at least one sample to be sent from the device to the base station, or an indication of the type of measurement to be collected for at least one sample.

[0407] The component can also be configured to: receive from the base station a configuration for transmission for at least one of the following: at least a portion of the determined corresponding content of a sample for one or more use cases, or a sample of at least one of the one or more use cases.

[0408] The component can also be configured to: send at least one message to a base station, wherein the at least one message may include at least one of the following: at least a portion of the determined corresponding content of a sample for one or more use cases, one or more sample identifiers associated with at least a portion of the determined content, a sample of at least one use case, one or more sample identifiers associated with a sample of at least one use case, or at least one cache state.

[0409] The at least one message may be sent in response to the received configuration for transmission.

[0410] The at least one message may be sent based at least in part on at least one of the following: minimization of the driving test configuration; a data caching strategy that determines to send at least one message periodically, determines to send at least one message non-periodically, a determined trigger for sending at least one message, or a pre-configured time slot for sending at least one message.

[0411] This component can also be configured to: send an indication to the base station that at least one cache storing at least one sample has reached or is close to its capacity.

[0412] The component can also be configured to: receive from a base station an instruction to discard at least a portion of at least one sample; and discard at least a portion of at least one sample.

[0413] According to one example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions stored thereon that, when executed using at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to: cause receiving a radio resource control reconfiguration message from a base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least a minimization of a drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; cause determining corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, the one or more use cases being indicated by minimization of the drive-test configuration; cause sending a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to the base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message may include at least one of the following: an indication of the determined corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, at least one data caching capability of a user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; and cause sending a measurement report to the base station, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample, wherein the at least one sample may include at least the determined content.

[0414] According to one example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes program instructions stored thereon for performing at least the following: causing the reception of a radio resource control reconfiguration message from a base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least a minimization of a drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; determining corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, the one or more use cases being indicated by minimization of the drive-test configuration; causing the transmission of a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to the base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message may include at least one of the following: an indication of the determined corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, at least one data caching capability of a user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; and causing the transmission of a measurement report to the base station, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample, wherein the at least one sample may include at least the determined content.

[0415] According to another example embodiment, a machine-readable non-transitory program storage device may be provided, tangibly embodying machine-executable instructions for performing operations including: causing the reception of a radio resource control reconfiguration message from a base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least a minimization of a drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; determining corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, the one or more use cases being indicated by minimization of the drive-test configuration; causing the transmission of a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to the base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message may include at least one of the following: an indication of the determined corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, at least one data caching capability of a user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; and causing the transmission of a measurement report to the base station, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample, wherein the at least one sample may include at least the determined content.

[0416] According to another example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions that, when executed by a device, cause the device to perform at least the following: causing the device to receive a radio resource control reconfiguration message from a base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least a minimization of a drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; causing the device to determine corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, the one or more use cases being indicated by minimization of the drive-test configuration; causing the device to send a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to the base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message may include at least one of the following: an indication of the determined corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, at least one data caching capability of a user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; and causing the device to send a measurement report to the base station, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample, wherein the at least one sample may include at least the determined content.

[0417] A computer-implemented system includes: at least one processor and at least one non-transitory memory, the at least one non-transitory memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the system to at least: cause receiving a radio resource control reconfiguration message from a base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least a minimization of a drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; cause determining corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, the one or more use cases being indicated by minimizing the drive-test configuration; cause sending a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to the base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message may include at least one of the following: an indication of the determined corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, at least one data caching capability of a user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; and cause sending a measurement report to the base station, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample, wherein the at least one sample may include at least the determined content.

[0418] A computer-implemented system includes: components for inducing the reception of a radio resource control reconfiguration message from a base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least a minimization of a drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; components for inducing the determination of corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, the one or more use cases being indicated by minimization of the drive-test configuration; components for inducing the transmission of a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to the base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message may include at least one of the following: an indication of the determined corresponding content for samples of one or more use cases, at least one data caching capability of a user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; and components for inducing the transmission of a measurement report to the base station, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample, wherein the at least one sample may include at least the determined content.

[0419] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: receive a tracking session activation from a management system, wherein the tracking session activation may include at least the minimization of a drive-test configuration; send a radio resource control reconfiguration message to a user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least the minimization of the drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; receive a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message from the user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message includes at least one of the following: an indication of the corresponding content of a sample of one or more indicated use cases using the minimization of the drive-test configuration, at least one data caching capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; receive at least one measurement report from the user equipment, the at least one measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample; and send at least one tracking record to a management system, at least in part based on at least one received measurement report.

[0420] User equipment can be in radio resource control connection mode.

[0421] A minimal driving test configuration may include at least: an indication of the subset of data to be reported within a defined time period for the corresponding use case in one or more use cases.

[0422] At least one data sample size may include at least one of the following: a general sample size, a data sample size for all use cases for one or more use cases, or a data sample size for a specific use case for one or more use cases.

[0423] The one or more use cases indicated by the minimization of the drive test configuration may include at least one of the following: channel state information feedback enhancement use case, beam management enhancement use case, or positioning enhancement use case.

[0424] One or more use cases indicated by minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include channel state information feedback enhancement use cases, wherein minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include indications for measuring at least one of the following: channel quality indicator, or layer 1 reference signal received power.

[0425] The data sample size for use cases that enhance channel state information feedback can include at least one of the following: the size of the actual channel state information, the size of the compressed channel state information, or the size of the additional information collected.

[0426] The one or more use cases indicated by minimizing the driving test configuration may include beam management enhancement use cases, wherein minimizing the driving test configuration may include indications for measuring at least one of the following: a first beam configuration set and a second beam configuration set.

[0427] The data sample size for beam management enhancement use cases may include at least one of the following: the size of Layer 1 reference signal received power information, the size of beam identifier information, the size of channel state information reference signal resource indicator, the size of synchronization signal block resource indicator, the size of physical broadcast channel block resource indicator, or the size of additional information collected.

[0428] One or more use cases indicated by minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include a positioning enhancement use case, wherein minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include an indication for measuring at least one of the following: synchronization reference signal received power, synchronization reference signal received quality, or positioning reference signal.

[0429] The data sample size used for localization enhancement use cases may include at least one of the following: the size of the channel impulse response information, the size of the total radiated power information, or the size of the additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0430] A minimal driving test configuration can include at least an indication of data fields that can be cached for subsequent transmission.

[0431] The corresponding content of a sample for one or more use cases may include at least one of the following: at least one measurement of the indicated parameter that minimizes the driving test configuration, at least one proprietary user equipment measurement, at least one proprietary L1 measurement, one or more additional measurements, at least one signal-to-noise ratio, Doppler information, sensor information, temperature information, or at least one condition under which the at least one measurement is performed.

[0432] At least one data caching capability of a user device may include at least one of the following: caching capability for all use cases of one or more use cases, or caching capability for a specific use case among one or more use cases.

[0433] At least one sample may include samples used to train artificial intelligence and / or machine learning models.

[0434] Measurement reports may include at least one type of indication for at least one sample.

[0435] Measurement reports may include an indication of the number of samples that have been collected.

[0436] The measurement report may include an indication of the amount of data for at least one sample that the user equipment intends to send.

[0437] A data caching strategy may include at least one of the following: an indication of the amount of data to be sent by the user equipment for at least one sample, or an indication of the type of measurement to be collected for at least one sample.

[0438] The example apparatus can also be configured to send a transmission to a user equipment for at least one of the following: at least a portion of the corresponding content of a sample for one or more use cases, or a sample of at least one of the one or more use cases.

[0439] The configuration used for transmission can be sent in response to a user device caching data associated with one or more use cases.

[0440] The example device can also be configured to receive at least one message from a user equipment, wherein the at least one message may include at least one of the following: at least a portion of the corresponding content of a sample for one or more use cases, one or more sample identifiers associated with at least a portion of the determined content, a sample of at least one use case, one or more sample identifiers associated with a sample of at least one use case, or at least one cache state of the user equipment.

[0441] The example device can also be configured to receive an indication from the user equipment that at least one cache of the user equipment storing at least one sample has reached or is close to its capacity.

[0442] The example device can also be configured to: determine that at least one cache of a user equipment storing at least one sample has reached or is close to its capacity; determine at least a portion of at least one sample that overlaps with data stored at the device; and send an instruction to the user equipment to discard at least a portion of the at least one sample that overlaps with data stored at the device.

[0443] The at least one tracking record may include at least one sample and at least one sample identifier.

[0444] The example device can also be configured to: store the at least one sample and at least one sample identifier; and determine at least one completed sample from the stored data, wherein the at least one tracking record may include at least one completed sample.

[0445] The at least one completed sample may include a sample containing information required to train an artificial intelligence and / or machine learning model.

[0446] The example device can also be configured to initiate at least one counter associated with a user equipment, based at least in part on a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message.

[0447] The at least one counter can be associated with one or more use cases.

[0448] The at least one counter may include multiple counters associated with a corresponding use case in one or more use cases.

[0449] The at least one counter may be determined at least in part based on at least one data caching capability of the user device and at least one data sample size associated with the at least one use case.

[0450] At least one counter can be initialized to a value of zero.

[0451] The example device can also be configured to update the at least one counter based at least in part on the at least one measurement report.

[0452] According to one aspect, an example method may be provided, comprising: receiving a tracking session activation from a management system using a base station, wherein the tracking session activation may include at least a minimization of a drive-test configuration; sending a radio resource control reconfiguration message to a user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least a minimization of the drive-test configuration and a data caching policy; receiving a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message from the user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message includes at least one of the following: an indication of corresponding content for minimizing samples of one or more indicated use cases using the drive-test configuration, at least one data caching capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; receiving at least one measurement report from the user equipment, the at least one measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample; and sending at least one tracking record to the management system based at least in part on at least one received measurement report.

[0453] User equipment can be in radio resource control connection mode.

[0454] A minimal driving test configuration may include at least: an indication of the subset of data to be reported within a defined time period for the corresponding use case in one or more use cases.

[0455] At least one data sample size may include at least one of the following: a general sample size, a data sample size for all use cases for one or more use cases, or a data sample size for a specific use case for one or more use cases.

[0456] The one or more use cases that are minimized by the drive test configuration may include at least one of the following: channel state information feedback enhancement use case, beam management enhancement use case, or location enhancement use case.

[0457] One or more use cases indicated by minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include channel state information feedback enhancement use cases, wherein minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include indications for measuring at least one of the following: channel quality indicator, or layer 1 reference signal received power.

[0458] The data sample size for use cases that enhance channel state information feedback can include at least one of the following: the size of the actual channel state information, the size of the compressed channel state information, or the size of the additional information collected.

[0459] The one or more use cases indicated by minimizing the driving test configuration may include beam management enhancement use cases, wherein minimizing the driving test configuration may include indications for measuring at least one of the following: a first beam configuration set and a second beam configuration set.

[0460] The data sample size for beam management enhancement use cases may include at least one of the following: the size of Layer 1 reference signal received power information, the size of beam identifier information, the size of channel state information reference signal resource indicator, the size of synchronization signal block resource indicator, the size of physical broadcast channel block resource indicator, or the size of additional information collected.

[0461] One or more use cases indicated by minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include a positioning enhancement use case, wherein minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include an indication for measuring at least one of the following: synchronization reference signal received power, synchronization reference signal received quality, or positioning reference signal.

[0462] The data sample size used for localization enhancement use cases may include at least one of the following: the size of the channel impulse response information, the size of the total radiated power information, or the size of the additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0463] A minimal driving test configuration can include at least an indication of data fields that can be cached for subsequent transmission.

[0464] The corresponding content of a sample for one or more use cases may include at least one of the following: at least one measurement of the indicated parameter that minimizes the driving test configuration, at least one proprietary user equipment measurement, at least one proprietary L1 measurement, one or more additional measurements, at least one signal-to-noise ratio, Doppler information, sensor information, temperature information, or at least one condition under which the at least one measurement is performed.

[0465] At least one data caching capability of a user device may include at least one of the following: caching capability for all use cases of one or more use cases, or caching capability for a specific use case among one or more use cases.

[0466] At least one sample may include samples used to train artificial intelligence and / or machine learning models.

[0467] Measurement reports may include at least one type of indication for at least one sample.

[0468] Measurement reports may include an indication of the number of samples that have been collected.

[0469] The measurement report may include an indication of the amount of data for at least one sample that the user equipment intends to send.

[0470] A data caching strategy may include at least one of the following: an indication of the amount of data to be sent by the user equipment for at least one sample, or an indication of the type of measurement to be collected for at least one sample.

[0471] The example method may also include: sending a configuration to a user device for transmission of at least one of the following: at least a portion of the corresponding content of a sample for one or more use cases, or a sample of at least one of the one or more use cases.

[0472] The configuration used for transmission can be sent in response to a user device caching data associated with one or more use cases.

[0473] The example method may further include: receiving at least one message from a user device, wherein the at least one message may include at least one of the following: at least a portion of the corresponding content of a sample for one or more use cases, one or more sample identifiers associated with at least a portion of the determined content, a sample of at least one use case, one or more sample identifiers associated with a sample of at least one use case, or at least one cache state of the user device.

[0474] The example method may also include: receiving from the user equipment an indication that at least one cache of the user equipment storing at least one sample has reached or is close to its capacity.

[0475] The example method may further include: determining that at least one cache of a user device storing at least one sample has reached or is close to its capacity; determining at least a portion of at least one sample that overlaps with data stored at the device; and sending an instruction to the user device to discard at least a portion of the at least one sample that overlaps with data stored at the device.

[0476] The at least one tracking record may include at least one sample and at least one sample identifier.

[0477] The example method may also include: storing the at least one sample and at least one sample identifier; and determining at least one completed sample from the stored data, wherein the at least one tracking record may include at least one completed sample.

[0478] The at least one completed sample may include a sample containing information required to train an artificial intelligence and / or machine learning model.

[0479] The example method may also include: initiating at least one counter associated with the user equipment, based at least in part on a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message.

[0480] The at least one counter can be associated with one or more use cases.

[0481] The at least one counter may include multiple counters associated with a corresponding use case in one or more use cases.

[0482] The at least one counter may be determined at least in part based on at least one data caching capability of the user device and at least one data sample size associated with the at least one use case.

[0483] At least one counter can be initialized to a value of zero.

[0484] The example method may also include updating the at least one counter based at least in part on the at least one measurement report.

[0485] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus may include: circuitry configured to perform the following: receiving a tracking session activation from a management system using a base station, wherein the tracking session activation may include at least a minimization of a drive-test configuration; circuitry configured to perform the following: sending a radio resource control reconfiguration message to a user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least a minimization of the drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; circuitry configured to perform the following: receiving a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message from the user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message may include at least one of the following: an indication of corresponding content for minimizing samples of one or more indicated use cases using the drive-test configuration, at least one data caching capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; circuitry configured to perform the following: receiving at least one measurement report from the user equipment, the at least one measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample; and circuitry configured to perform the following: sending at least one tracking record to a management system, at least in part based on at least one received measurement report.

[0486] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus may include: a processing circuitry system; and a memory circuitry system including computer program code, the memory circuitry system and the computer program code being configured, together with the processing circuitry system, to enable the apparatus to: receive a tracking session activation from a management system, wherein the tracking session activation may include at least a minimization of a drive-test configuration; send a radio resource control reconfiguration message to a user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least a minimization of the drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; receive a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message from the user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message includes at least one of the following: an indication of the corresponding content of a sample of one or more indicated use cases using the minimization of the drive-test configuration, at least one data caching capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; receive at least one measurement report from the user equipment, the at least one measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample; and send at least one tracking record to a management system, at least in part based on at least one received measurement report.

[0487] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus may include components for: receiving a tracking session activation from a management system, wherein the tracking session activation may include at least the minimization of a drive-test configuration; sending a radio resource control reconfiguration message to a user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least the minimization of the drive-test configuration and a data caching policy; receiving a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message from the user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message includes at least one of the following: an indication of corresponding content for samples of one or more indicated use cases using the minimization of the drive-test configuration, at least one data caching capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; receiving at least one measurement report from the user equipment, the at least one measurement report including at least an indication about at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample; and sending at least one tracking record to the management system, at least in part based on at least one received measurement report.

[0488] User equipment can be in radio resource control connection mode.

[0489] A minimal driving test configuration may include at least: an indication of the subset of data to be reported within a defined time period for the corresponding use case in one or more use cases.

[0490] At least one data sample size may include at least one of the following: a general sample size, a data sample size for all use cases for one or more use cases, or a data sample size for a specific use case for one or more use cases.

[0491] The one or more use cases that are minimized by the drive test configuration may include at least one of the following: channel state information feedback enhancement use case, beam management enhancement use case, or location enhancement use case.

[0492] One or more use cases indicated by minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include channel state information feedback enhancement use cases, wherein minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include indications for measuring at least one of the following: channel quality indicator, or layer 1 reference signal received power.

[0493] The data sample size for use cases that enhance channel state information feedback can include at least one of the following: the size of the actual channel state information, the size of the compressed channel state information, or the size of the additional information collected.

[0494] The one or more use cases indicated by minimizing the driving test configuration may include beam management enhancement use cases, wherein minimizing the driving test configuration may include indications for measuring at least one of the following: a first beam configuration set and a second beam configuration set.

[0495] The data sample size for beam management enhancement use cases may include at least one of the following: the size of Layer 1 reference signal received power information, the size of beam identifier information, the size of channel state information reference signal resource indicator, the size of synchronization signal block resource indicator, the size of physical broadcast channel block resource indicator, or the size of additional information collected.

[0496] One or more use cases indicated by minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include a positioning enhancement use case, wherein minimizing the vehicle test configuration may include an indication for measuring at least one of the following: synchronization reference signal received power, synchronization reference signal received quality, or positioning reference signal.

[0497] The data sample size used for localization enhancement use cases may include at least one of the following: the size of the channel impulse response information, the size of the total radiated power information, or the size of the additional information collected for the corresponding samples of one or more samples.

[0498] A minimal driving test configuration can include at least an indication of data fields that can be cached for subsequent transmission.

[0499] The corresponding content of a sample for one or more use cases may include at least one of the following: at least one measurement of the indicated parameter that minimizes the driving test configuration, at least one proprietary user equipment measurement, at least one proprietary L1 measurement, one or more additional measurements, at least one signal-to-noise ratio, Doppler information, sensor information, temperature information, or at least one condition under which the at least one measurement is performed.

[0500] At least one data caching capability of a user device may include at least one of the following: caching capability for all use cases of one or more use cases, or caching capability for a specific use case among one or more use cases.

[0501] At least one sample may include samples used to train artificial intelligence and / or machine learning models.

[0502] Measurement reports may include at least one type of indication for at least one sample.

[0503] Measurement reports may include an indication of the number of samples that have been collected.

[0504] The measurement report may include an indication of the amount of data for at least one sample that the user equipment intends to send.

[0505] A data caching strategy may include at least one of the following: an indication of the amount of data to be sent by the user equipment for at least one sample, or an indication of the type of measurement to be collected for at least one sample.

[0506] The component can also be configured to send a transmission to a user equipment for at least one of the following: at least a portion of the corresponding content of a sample for one or more use cases, or a sample of at least one of the one or more use cases.

[0507] The configuration used for transmission can be sent in response to a user device caching data associated with one or more use cases.

[0508] The component can also be configured to: receive at least one message from a user equipment, wherein the at least one message may include at least one of the following: at least a portion of the corresponding content of a sample for one or more use cases, one or more sample identifiers associated with at least a portion of the determined content, a sample of at least one use case, one or more sample identifiers associated with a sample of at least one use case, or at least one cache state of the user equipment.

[0509] This component can also be configured to: receive from the user equipment an indication that at least one cache of the user equipment storing at least one sample has reached or is close to its capacity.

[0510] The component can also be configured to: determine that at least one buffer of a user equipment storing at least one sample has reached or is close to its capacity; determine at least a portion of at least one sample that overlaps with data stored at the device; and send an instruction to the user equipment to discard at least a portion of at least one sample that overlaps with data stored at the device.

[0511] The at least one tracking record may include at least one sample and at least one sample identifier.

[0512] The component can also be configured to: store the at least one sample and at least one sample identifier; and determine at least one completed sample from the stored data, wherein the at least one tracking record may include at least one completed sample.

[0513] The at least one completed sample may include a sample containing information required to train an artificial intelligence and / or machine learning model.

[0514] The component can also be configured to: initiate at least one counter associated with the user equipment, based at least in part on a Radio Resource Control reconfiguration completion message.

[0515] The at least one counter can be associated with one or more use cases.

[0516] The at least one counter may include multiple counters associated with a corresponding use case in one or more use cases.

[0517] The at least one counter may be determined at least in part based on at least one data caching capability of the user device and at least one data sample size associated with the at least one use case.

[0518] At least one counter can be initialized to a value of zero.

[0519] The component can also be configured to update the at least one counter based at least in part on the at least one measurement report.

[0520] According to an exemplary embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions stored thereon that, when executed using at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to: cause receiving a tracking session activation from a management system, wherein the tracking session activation may include at least the minimization of a drive-test configuration; cause sending a radio resource control reconfiguration message to a user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least the minimization of the drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; cause receiving a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message from the user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message includes at least one of the following: an indication of the corresponding content of a sample of one or more indicated use cases using the minimization of the drive-test configuration, at least one data caching capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; cause receiving at least one measurement report from the user equipment, the at least one measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample; and cause sending at least one tracking record to a management system, at least in part based on at least one received measurement report.

[0521] According to an exemplary embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing program instructions for performing at least the following: causing a tracking session activation to be received from a management system, wherein the tracking session activation includes at least the minimization of a drive-test configuration; causing a radio resource control reconfiguration message to be sent to a user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least the minimization of the drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; causing a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to be received from the user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message may include at least one of the following: an indication of the corresponding content of a sample of one or more indicated use cases using the minimization of the drive-test configuration, at least one data caching capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; causing a measurement report to be received from the user equipment, the at least one measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample; and causing at least one tracking record to be sent to the management system, at least in part based on at least one received measurement report.

[0522] According to another example embodiment, a machine-readable, non-transitory program storage device may be provided, tangibly embodying machine-executable instructions for performing operations including: causing a trace session activation to be received from a management system, wherein the trace session activation may include at least the minimization of a drive-test configuration; causing a radio resource control reconfiguration message to be sent to a user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least the minimization of the drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; causing a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to be received from the user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message may include at least one of the following: an indication of the corresponding content of a sample of one or more indicated use cases using the minimization of the drive-test configuration, at least one data caching capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; causing a measurement report to be received from the user equipment, the at least one measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample; and causing at least one trace record to be sent to the management system, at least in part based on at least one received measurement report.

[0523] According to another example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions that, when executed by a device, cause the device to perform at least the following: causing the device to receive a tracking session activation from a management system, wherein the tracking session activation may include at least the minimization of a drive-test configuration; causing the device to send a radio resource control reconfiguration message to a user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least the minimization of the drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; causing the device to receive a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message from the user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message includes at least one of the following: an indication of the corresponding content of a sample of one or more indicated use cases using the minimization of the drive-test configuration, at least one data caching capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; causing the device to receive at least one measurement report from the user equipment, the at least one measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample; and causing the device to send at least one tracking record to a management system, at least in part based on at least one received measurement report.

[0524] A computer-implemented system includes: at least one processor and at least one non-transitory memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the system to at least: cause the system to receive a tracking session activation from a management system, wherein the tracking session activation may include at least the minimization of a drive-test configuration; cause the system to send a radio resource control reconfiguration message to a user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least the minimization of the drive-test configuration and a data caching strategy; cause the system to receive a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message from the user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message includes at least one of the following: an indication of the corresponding content of a sample of one or more indicated use cases using the minimization of the drive-test configuration, at least one data caching capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; cause the system to receive at least one measurement report from the user equipment, the at least one measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample; and cause the system to send at least one tracking record to a management system, at least in part based on at least one received measurement report.

[0525] A computer-implemented system includes: components for inducing the receipt of a tracking session activation from a management system, wherein the tracking session activation may include at least a minimized vehicle test configuration; components for inducing the transmission of a radio resource control reconfiguration message to a user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message may include at least a minimization and data caching strategy of the vehicle test configuration; components for inducing the receipt of a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message from the user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message includes at least one of the following: an indication of corresponding content of a sample of one or more indicated use cases using the minimized vehicle test configuration, at least one data caching capability of the user equipment, and at least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; components for inducing the receipt of at least one measurement report from the user equipment, the at least one measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample; and components for inducing the transmission of at least one tracking record to a management system, at least in part based on at least one received measurement report.

[0526] As used herein, the term “non-transient” refers to the limitations of the medium itself (i.e., tangible rather than tactile), rather than limitations on the persistence of data storage (e.g., RAM and ROM).

[0527] It should be understood that the above description is merely exemplary. Various alternatives and modifications can be devised by those skilled in the art. For example, the features described in the various dependent claims can be combined with each other in any suitable combination. In addition, features from the different embodiments described above can be selectively combined into a new embodiment. Therefore, this description is intended to cover all such alternatives, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one non-transitory memory, the at least one non-transitory memory storing instructions, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the device to at least: Receive a radio resource control reconfiguration message from the base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message includes at least a minimization of the driving test configuration and a data caching strategy; Determine the corresponding content of the sample for one or more use cases, which are indicated by the minimization of the drive test configuration; Sending a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to the base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message includes at least one of the following: Indications of the determined corresponding content of the sample for the one or more use cases. The device has at least one data caching capability, and At least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; as well as A measurement report is sent to the base station, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample, wherein the at least one sample includes at least the determined content.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus is in radio resource control connection mode.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the minimization of the driving test configuration includes at least: An indication of the subset of data to be reported within a defined time period for the corresponding use case in one or more of the use cases.

4. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the at least one data sample size comprises at least one of the following: Universal sample size The data sample size for all use cases used in the one or more use cases, or The data sample size for the corresponding use case used for the one or more use cases.

5. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the minimization of the indicated one or more use cases using the vehicle test configuration comprises at least one of the following: Use cases for enhancing channel state information feedback. Beam management enhanced use cases, or Locate and enhance use cases.

6. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the minimization of the driving test configuration comprises at least: Indicators of data fields that can be cached for later transmission.

7. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the determined corresponding content of the sample for the one or more use cases includes at least one of the following: By utilizing the driving test configuration to minimize at least one measurement of the indicated parameter, At least one proprietary user equipment is used for measurement. At least one proprietary L1 measurement, One or more additional measurements, At least one signal-to-noise ratio, Doppler information, Sensor information, Temperature information, or The at least one measurement is performed under at least one condition.

8. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the at least one data caching capability of the apparatus comprises at least one of the following: Cache capability for all use cases of the one or more use cases, or The caching capability for the corresponding use cases of the one or more use cases.

9. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the at least one sample comprises a sample for training an artificial intelligence and / or machine learning model.

10. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the measurement report includes an indication of at least one type of the at least one sample.

11. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the measurement report includes an indication of the number of samples that have been collected.

12. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the measurement report includes an indication of the amount of data of the at least one sample that the apparatus intends to send.

13. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: Cache at least some data of the at least one sample.

14. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the data caching strategy comprises at least one of the following: An indication of the number of the at least one sample to be sent from the device to the base station, or An indication of the type of measurement to be collected for the at least one sample.

15. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: Receive configuration from the base station for transmission of at least one of the following: At least a portion of the determined corresponding content of the sample used for the one or more use cases, or A sample of at least one of the one or more use cases.

16. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: At least one message is sent to the base station, the at least one message including at least one of the following: The at least portion of the determined corresponding content of the sample used for the one or more use cases. One or more sample identifiers associated with at least a portion of the determined content. The sample of the at least one use case, One or more sample identifiers associated with the sample of the at least one use case, or At least one cached state.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the at least one message is sent in response to a received configuration for transmission.

18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the at least one message is sent based at least in part on at least one of the following: The aforementioned minimization of the driving test configuration, The data caching strategy, Determine to periodically send the at least one message. Determine that the at least one message is sent non-periodically. The determined trigger used to send the at least one message, or A pre-configured time slot for sending the at least one message.

19. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: Send an indication to the base station that the at least one cache storing the at least one sample has reached or is close to its capacity.

20. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: Receive from the base station an instruction to discard at least a portion of the at least one sample; and Discard at least a portion of the at least one sample.

21. A method comprising: The user equipment receives a radio resource control reconfiguration message from the base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message includes at least a minimization of the driving test configuration and a data caching strategy; Determine the corresponding content of the sample for one or more use cases, which are indicated by the minimization of the drive test configuration; Sending a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to the base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message includes at least one of the following: Indications of the determined corresponding content of the sample for the one or more use cases. The user equipment has at least one data caching capability, and At least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; as well as A measurement report is sent to the base station, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample, wherein the at least one sample includes at least the determined content.

22. An apparatus comprising components for: Receive a radio resource control reconfiguration message from the base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message includes at least a minimization of the driving test configuration and a data caching strategy; Determine the corresponding content of the sample for one or more use cases, which are indicated by the minimization of the drive test configuration; Sending a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message to the base station, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message includes at least one of the following: Indications of the determined corresponding content of the sample for the one or more use cases. The device has at least one data caching capability, and At least one data sample size associated with at least one of the one or more use cases; as well as A measurement report is sent to the base station, the measurement report including at least an indication of at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample, wherein the at least one sample includes at least the determined content.

23. An apparatus comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one non-transitory memory, the at least one non-transitory memory storing instructions, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the device to at least: Receive tracking session activation from the management system, wherein the tracking session activation includes at least the minimization of the drive test configuration; Send a radio resource control reconfiguration message to the user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message includes at least the minimization and data caching strategy of the driving test configuration; The user equipment receives a radio resource control reconfiguration complete message, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration complete message includes at least one of the following: Indications for the corresponding content of samples for one or more use cases, wherein the one or more use cases are indicated by minimizing the drive test configuration. The user equipment has at least one data caching capability, and At least one data sample size associated with at least one use case of the one or more use cases; Receive at least one measurement report from the user equipment, the at least one measurement report including at least one indication about at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample; as well as At least one tracking record is sent to the management system, based at least in part on at least one of the received measurement reports.

24. A method comprising: The tracking session activation is received from the management system using a base station, wherein the tracking session activation includes at least the minimization of the drive test configuration; Send a radio resource control reconfiguration message to the user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message includes at least the minimization and data caching strategy of the driving test configuration; The user equipment receives a radio resource control reconfiguration complete message, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration complete message includes at least one of the following: Indications for the corresponding content of samples for one or more use cases, wherein the one or more use cases are indicated by minimizing the drive test configuration. The user equipment has at least one data caching capability, and At least one data sample size associated with at least one use case of the one or more use cases; Receive at least one measurement report from the user equipment, the at least one measurement report including at least one indication about at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample; as well as At least one tracking record is sent to the management system, based at least in part on at least one of the received measurement reports.

25. An apparatus comprising components for: Receive tracking session activation from the management system, wherein the tracking session activation includes at least the minimization of the drive test configuration; Send a radio resource control reconfiguration message to the user equipment, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration message includes at least the minimization and data caching strategy of the driving test configuration; The user equipment receives a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message, wherein the radio resource control reconfiguration completion message includes at least one of the following: Indications for the corresponding content of samples for one or more use cases, wherein the one or more use cases are indicated by minimizing the drive test configuration. The user equipment has at least one data caching capability, and At least one data sample size associated with at least one use case of the one or more use cases; Receive at least one measurement report from the user equipment, the at least one measurement report including at least one indication about at least one sample and at least one sample identifier associated with the at least one sample; as well as At least one tracking record is sent to the management system, based at least in part on at least one of the received measurement reports.

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