Medical wireless blood oxygen and flow sensor and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and discloses a medical wireless blood oxygen and flow sensor, which comprises a host computer, a plurality of wireless sensor terminals connected with the host computer through a wireless network; the wireless sensor terminal comprises an operation control unit, a blood oxygen monitoring unit, a flow monitoring unit, a wireless transmission unit and a power consumption management unit connected with the operation control unit; the blood oxygen monitoring unit is used for monitoring blood oxygen saturation, and the flow monitoring unit is used for monitoring blood flow; the wireless transmission unit is wirelessly connected with the host computer for communication, and adjusts the connection between the wireless sensor terminal and the host computer according to the connection state between the wireless sensor terminal and the host computer; the power consumption management unit adjusts the working mode of the wireless sensor terminal according to the monitoring values of the blood oxygen monitoring unit and the flow monitoring unit; the present application also provides an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation system using the wireless blood oxygen and flow sensor; the present application has the beneficial effects of strong anti-interference ability, dynamic balance of the power consumption and precision of the wireless sensor terminal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a medical wireless blood oxygen and flow sensor and an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) system. Background Technology

[0002] In hospitals and other medical settings, some patients require extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for treatment. ECMO, a high-end life support technology that temporarily replaces cardiopulmonary function, is primarily used to provide continuous extracorporeal respiration and circulation for patients with severe cardiopulmonary failure, sustaining their lives. Blood oxygen saturation is a crucial therapeutic indicator that directly reflects a patient's treatment status. Therefore, during ECMO treatment, sensors are needed to monitor blood oxygen levels continuously to ensure timely detection of any abnormalities and maintain treatment effectiveness. Currently, sensors typically connect to the host computer via wired connections for power supply and data communication. However, in practice, sensor cables not only restrict patient freedom of movement but also easily form biofilms at connection points, providing an ideal environment for bacterial growth and increasing the risk of cross-infection and clinical complications. Therefore, to address these issues, wireless sensor terminals that connect wirelessly to the host computer have emerged on the market.

[0003] However, after the sensor terminal connects to the host via wireless transmission, it cannot be continuously powered by an external power source and must have a built-in power supply. To improve the convenience of the wireless sensor terminal, its size is made smaller, which results in a small capacity of the built-in power supply. High-precision monitoring requires high-frequency sampling (such as blood oxygen saturation which requires above 32Hz), and the power consumption of the wireless sensor terminal increases significantly with the frequency, making it impossible to balance the power consumption and accuracy of the wireless sensor terminal.

[0004] Furthermore, the operation of equipment such as Wi-Fi and MRI in hospital environments causes severe electromagnetic interference, which can easily lead to attenuation or interruption of wireless signals, especially in the 2.4GHz band. This interference can easily disrupt the connection between the wireless terminal sensor and the host, affecting the smoothness of communication and data transmission between the wireless terminal sensor and the host, and thus affecting the normal use of the wireless sensor terminal. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a medical wireless blood oxygen and flow sensor and an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation system to solve the technical problems of severe wireless connection interference and the inability to balance power consumption and accuracy of wireless sensor terminals in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a medical wireless blood oxygen and flow sensor, including a host and a plurality of wireless sensor terminals connected to the host via a wireless network; The wireless sensor terminal includes a computing control unit, and a blood oxygen monitoring unit, a flow monitoring unit, a wireless transmission unit, and a power consumption management unit connected to the computing control unit; The blood oxygen monitoring unit is used to monitor blood oxygen saturation, and the blood flow monitoring unit is used to monitor blood flow. The wireless transmission unit is wirelessly connected to the host and adjusts the connection between the wireless sensor terminal and the host according to the connection status between the wireless sensor terminal and the host. The power consumption management unit adjusts the working mode of the wireless sensor terminal according to the monitoring values ​​of the blood oxygen monitoring unit and the blood flow monitoring unit.

[0007] The working principle adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: During use, the wireless sensor terminal is connected to the host via a wireless network. The wireless sensor monitors blood oxygen saturation and blood flow through the blood oxygen monitoring unit and the blood flow monitoring unit, and sends the monitoring results to the host via the wireless network. This avoids the problem of multiple monitoring cables (such as ECG, blood oxygen, blood pressure, etc.) intertwining in the ward, which could easily become entangled in the patient's limbs and, in severe cases, cause the patient to fall out of bed or the catheter to dislodge. Furthermore, by making the sensor terminal wireless, it avoids the risk of leakage or short circuits caused by aging, damage, or water ingress at the joints of the connection cable between the sensor terminal and the host, which could lead to electric shock injuries to the patient, thus improving safety during use.

[0008] During monitoring, the wireless transmission unit detects the connection status of the communication network between the wireless sensor terminal and the host. When an anomaly occurs in the connection between the host and the wireless sensor terminal, it promptly adjusts the communication network. This ensures that when there is interference in the connection network between the wireless sensor terminal and the host, the wireless network can be adjusted in a timely manner to maintain a smooth connection between the wireless sensor terminal and the host. It also prevents interference from external networks or devices, thus ensuring the reliability and stability of the connection between the wireless sensor terminal and the host.

[0009] During the monitoring process of the wireless sensor terminal, the power management unit analyzes the urgency and importance of the data collected in the current working environment of the wireless sensor terminal based on the monitoring values ​​of the blood oxygen monitoring unit and the flow monitoring unit. This enables the wireless sensor terminal to dynamically adjust its working mode according to actual needs, thereby extending the battery life of the wireless sensor terminal while ensuring that the wireless sensor terminal can provide high-precision monitoring data when needed, thus achieving a balance between power consumption and accuracy of the wireless sensor terminal.

[0010] Furthermore, the wireless sensor terminal also includes a housing with a accommodating cavity extending through both ends of the housing. The accommodating cavity is used to accommodate the delivery tube. The blood oxygen monitoring unit and the flow monitoring unit are both located on the inner wall of the accommodating cavity. The blood oxygen monitoring unit and the flow monitoring unit are used to monitor the blood oxygen saturation and flow rate of the liquid in the delivery tube, respectively. This allows the blood oxygen monitoring unit and the flow monitoring unit to monitor blood oxygen and blood oxygen saturation in the same area, achieving joint monitoring of blood oxygen saturation and blood flow rate while reducing the size of the wireless sensor terminal.

[0011] Furthermore, the blood oxygen monitoring unit includes a light-emitting photoelectric element and a light-receiving photoelectric element, which are distributed facing each other on the sidewall of the accommodating cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the flow monitoring unit includes a first transducer and a second transducer, which are distributed facing each other on the inner wall of the accommodating cavity. The first transducer is located on one side of the photoelectric light-emitting element, and the second transducer is located on the side of the photoelectric light-receiving element away from the first transducer.

[0013] The technical effects of the above solution are as follows: it enables the flow monitoring unit and the blood oxygen monitoring unit to collect data synchronously on the same pipe cross-section, eliminating the timing deviation of physiological parameters caused by differences in monitoring positions, ensuring the synchronization of blood oxygen and flow monitoring, and forming a stable fluid dynamics monitoring area at the intersection, which can improve the measurement accuracy of blood oxygen and flow. Furthermore, the cross arrangement reduces the radial size of the sensor terminal by 30-40%, meeting the stringent miniaturization requirements of the ECMO pipeline system. While achieving structural integration of the sensor terminal, the photoelectric components and ultrasonic components are physically separated. Combined with the PCB shielding design, the crosstalk between optical and acoustic signals is reduced, and the anti-interference between the blood oxygen monitoring unit and the flow monitoring unit is optimized.

[0014] Furthermore, the power management unit adjusts the operating mode of the wireless sensor terminal based on the monitoring values ​​from the blood oxygen monitoring unit and the flow monitoring unit, including: When the blood flow rate is within the first flow range and the blood oxygen saturation is greater than or equal to the first blood oxygen threshold, the working mode is a steady-state mode, the sampling frequency of the flow monitoring unit and the blood oxygen monitoring unit is the first sampling frequency, and the wireless transmission module is in a sleep state. When the blood flow rate is not within the first flow range, or the blood oxygen saturation is less than the first blood oxygen threshold, the working mode is the alarm mode, the sampling frequency of the flow monitoring unit and the blood oxygen monitoring unit is the second sampling frequency, and the wireless transmission module is in an active state. When the blood flow rate is not within the second flow range, or the blood oxygen saturation is less than the second blood oxygen threshold, the working mode is emergency mode, the sampling frequency of the flow monitoring unit and the blood oxygen monitoring unit is the third sampling frequency, and the wireless transmission module is in high-speed transmission mode.

[0015] Based on the monitored values ​​of blood flow and blood oxygen saturation, the wireless sensor monitoring environment is divided into steady state, alarm state, and emergency state. The sampling and wireless network operation are configured for each mode, allowing the wireless sensor terminal to dynamically adjust the data acquisition frequency and data transmission status according to the actual monitoring scenario. Under normal monitoring conditions, this significantly reduces the acquisition frequency and data transmission volume of the blood oxygen monitoring unit and the blood flow monitoring unit, lowering the power consumption of the wireless sensor terminal and extending its battery life. Simultaneously, in alarm and emergency states, corresponding sampling frequencies and data transmission statuses are set respectively, enabling the wireless sensor terminal to provide real-time and accurate monitoring data under abnormal monitoring conditions.

[0016] Furthermore, the wireless transmission unit and the host can be connected via a multi-band wireless network. The wireless transmission unit is also used to switch the wireless connection frequency band according to the network frequency interference situation in the environment where the wireless sensor terminal is located. By using a multi-band wireless network for connection, the wireless transmission module can switch between different frequency bands of the wireless network according to the current network environment, which greatly improves the anti-interference capability of the wireless network connection between the wireless sensor terminal and the host.

[0017] Furthermore, the wireless transmission unit also includes a cache module, which is used to cache data sent by the wireless sensor terminal to the host within a preset time range. When the network connection between the wireless sensor terminal and the host is restored after an interruption, the wireless transmission unit sends the data in the cache module to the host.

[0018] Furthermore, the wireless sensor terminal also includes a power supply unit, which comprises a first energy storage module, a second energy storage module, and a piezoelectric energy harvesting module. The first energy storage module supplies power to the wireless sensor terminal, while the second energy storage module and the piezoelectric energy harvesting module provide auxiliary power. This ensures that when the first energy storage module runs out of power, the wireless sensor terminal can be temporarily powered by the second energy storage module, preventing the wireless sensor terminal from becoming unusable due to insufficient power and causing monitoring interruptions.

[0019] Furthermore, the calculation and control unit is also used to analyze the hypoxia state type based on the monitoring results of the blood oxygen monitoring unit and the flow monitoring unit, including: When the blood oxygen saturation is less than the first blood oxygen threshold and the blood flow is within the first flow range, the hypoxic state type is oxygenation disorder. When the blood oxygen saturation is less than the first blood oxygen threshold and the blood flow is less than the first flow threshold, the hypoxia state type is inadequate perfusion. When the blood oxygen saturation is greater than or equal to the first blood oxygen threshold and the blood flow is less than the second flow threshold, the hypoxia state type is latent tissue hypoxia.

[0020] By integrating flow monitoring and blood oxygen monitoring units for simultaneous monitoring, the system avoids the limitation of blood oxygen saturation, which only reflects the proportion of oxyhemoglobin in the blood and fails to reflect the actual delivery capacity of blood flow. Since blood flow directly reflects the blood supply level to tissues, synchronous monitoring of flow and blood flow allows for dual-parameter joint monitoring in the clinical application of extracorporeal circulation support devices and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) systems. This dual-parameter joint monitoring can assess the device's improvement effect on cardiac pumping function, not only checking whether blood oxygenation meets standards but also confirming whether blood flow meets the perfusion needs of the entire body's tissues. Any deviation from these standards will trigger an alarm, prompting the physician to conduct further investigations. Furthermore, in the clinical application of ECMO systems, this allows the device to more accurately match the patient's physiological state, providing suitable oxygen concentration and blood flow rate, thus improving the safety and effectiveness of treatment.

[0021] An extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) system includes a first internal cannula, a power pump, an oxygenator, and a second internal cannula connected sequentially via a delivery tube. It also includes the aforementioned wireless pulse oximetry and flow sensor. The pulse oximetry and flow sensor's pulse oximetry and flow monitoring units are used to monitor the pulse oximetry saturation and flow rate of the liquid within the delivery tube, respectively. The ECMO system is further used to adjust the operating state of the power pump or the oxygenator based on the operating mode of the wireless pulse oximetry and flow sensor or the hypoxic state obtained from analysis. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the wireless sensor terminal in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the blood oxygen monitoring module and the flow monitoring module in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Light-emitting photoelectric element, 2. Light-receiving photoelectric element, 3. First transducer, 4. Second transducer, 5. Delivery pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] A medical wireless blood oxygen and blood flow sensor includes a main unit and several wireless sensor terminals connected to the main unit via a wireless network; as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown, the wireless sensor terminal includes a computing control unit, and a blood oxygen monitoring unit, a blood flow monitoring unit, a wireless transmission unit, and a power consumption management unit connected to the computing control unit; the blood oxygen monitoring unit is used to monitor blood oxygen saturation, the blood flow monitoring unit is used to monitor blood flow, and the wireless transmission unit is used to communicate with the host via a wireless network.

[0027] The host is a central controller for multiple wireless sensor terminals. The host is used to acquire monitoring data from the wireless sensor terminals and to store and analyze the various monitored data. The host can be a computer, server, monitoring device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation system, or other central control equipment. The specific structure and control content of the host are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0028] The wireless sensor terminal includes a housing with a cavity inside the housing, which extends through both ends of the housing and is used to accommodate the delivery tube 5 of devices such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The blood oxygen monitoring unit and the flow monitoring unit are both located on the inner wall of the cavity.

[0029] As attached Figure 2 As shown, the blood oxygen monitoring unit includes a light-emitting photoelectric element 1 and a light-receiving photoelectric element 2, which are distributed facing each other on the side wall of the accommodating cavity, i.e., on both sides of the central axis of the accommodating cavity. The light-emitting photoelectric element 1 is an infrared LED, and the light-receiving photoelectric element 2 is a photodetector. The light-emitting photoelectric element 1 is used to send infrared light to the light-receiving photoelectric element 2, and the light-receiving photoelectric element 2 is used to analyze the received infrared light to obtain the blood oxygen saturation parameter. The specific structure of the light-emitting photoelectric element 1 and the light-receiving photoelectric element 2 and the blood oxygen analysis principle are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0030] The flow monitoring unit includes a first transducer 3 and a second transducer 4, which are distributed facing each other on the inner wall of the accommodating cavity. The first transducer 3 is located on one side of the photoelectric light-emitting element, and the second transducer 4 is located on the side of the light-receiving photoelectric element 2 away from the first transducer 3. That is, the connection channel between the first transducer 3 and the second transducer 4 and the connection channel between the light-emitting photoelectric element 1 and the light-receiving photoelectric element 2 intersect on the central axis of the accommodating cavity. Both the first transducer 3 and the second transducer 4 are ultrasonic transducers. The specific structure and flow monitoring principle of the first transducer 3 and the second transducer 4 are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0031] The light-emitting photoelectric element 1, the light-receiving photoelectric element 2, the first transducer 3, and the second transducer 4 are all fixed to the housing via a PCB circuit board. The PCB circuit areas where the light-emitting photoelectric element 1 and the light-receiving photoelectric element 2 of the blood oxygen monitoring unit are located are independently set up from the PCB circuit areas where the first transducer 3 and the second transducer 4 of the flow monitoring unit are located. That is, the circuits of the blood oxygen monitoring unit and the flow monitoring unit are independently set up. Furthermore, a shielding circuit is provided between the circuits of the blood oxygen monitoring unit and the flow monitoring unit to reduce signal interference between them. The specific design of the circuits of the blood oxygen monitoring unit and the flow monitoring unit is prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0032] The wireless transmission unit supports multi-band wireless network connections. Specifically, the wireless transmission unit can use wireless network connection technologies such as Bluetooth and WLAN to wirelessly connect with the host. In this embodiment, the wireless transmission unit uses Bluetooth 5.2 on the 2.4GHz and 5GHz bands to connect with the host. The wireless transmission unit is also used to detect network frequency interference in the environment where the wireless sensor terminal is located and automatically switch the wireless connection frequency band. The specific content of detecting network frequency interference and switching the network frequency band is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0033] When transmitting data with the host, the wireless transmission unit also adds redundant check codes to the data packets through forward error correction (FEC) and automatic repeat request (ARQ) mechanisms to ensure that the receiving end can automatically detect and correct bit errors. The circuit of the wireless transmission unit is laid out in PCB partitions, with strict isolation between digital circuits, analog circuits, and RF circuits. The RF traces are controlled with 50-ohm impedance matching and surrounded by grounding vias for shielding. The specific design and layout of the wireless transmission unit circuit are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0034] The wireless transmission unit is also used to detect the connection status between the wireless sensor terminal and the host, and adjust the connection between the wireless sensor terminal and the host according to the detection results. Specifically, the wireless transmission unit periodically sends link quality detection signals to the host through a heartbeat mechanism, and determines the connection status as host failure, unstable connection, or disconnection based on the feedback results of the link quality detection signals. When the connection status is host failure, the wireless sensor terminal reselects and connects to a new host based on its remaining power and the importance of the monitored parameters to ensure stable operation of the connection between the wireless sensor terminal and the host. When the connection status is unstable, the wireless sensor terminal immediately initiates reconnection. When the connection status is disconnection, an alarm mechanism is triggered to notify relevant personnel to check the network.

[0035] The wireless transmission unit also includes a buffer module, which is used to buffer the data sent by the wireless sensor terminal to the host within a preset time range. When the network between the wireless sensor terminal and the host is restored after an interruption, the wireless transmission unit automatically resumes the data buffered in the buffer module to the host, ensuring the continuity of data transmission between the wireless sensor terminal and the host.

[0036] The wireless sensor terminal also includes a power supply unit, which comprises a first energy storage module and a second energy storage module. The first energy storage module supplies power to the wireless sensor terminal, and the second energy storage module provides auxiliary power. Specifically, the power supply unit supplies power to the wireless sensor terminal through the first energy storage module. During the discharge process of the first energy storage module, the power supply unit monitors its discharge voltage. When the discharge voltage of the first energy storage module falls below a voltage threshold, the power supply unit switches to the second energy storage module to supply power to the wireless sensor terminal. In this embodiment, the first energy storage module is a CR2032 button cell battery, and the second energy storage module is a supercapacitor. The voltage threshold is set according to the depletion voltage of different battery models and types; in this embodiment, the voltage threshold is 3V. The specific steps of the power supply unit monitoring the supply voltage and switching the energy storage module for power supply are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0037] The power supply unit also includes a piezoelectric energy harvesting module, which works in conjunction with the second energy storage module to supply power to the wireless sensor terminal. The piezoelectric energy harvesting module is made of ceramic PZT material or has a wideband design. The vibration frequency of the piezoelectric energy harvesting module is matched with the vibration frequency of the ECMO pump. Specifically, in this embodiment, the vibration frequency of the piezoelectric energy recovery module is 40-60Hz, and the output power is 50-150μW. The specific structure and power supply method of the piezoelectric energy harvesting module are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0038] The wireless sensor terminal also includes a power management unit. This unit sets the operating mode of the wireless sensor terminal based on the monitoring values ​​from the blood oxygen monitoring unit and the flow monitoring unit. The operating modes include steady-state mode, alarm mode, and emergency mode. Adjusting the operating mode regulates the power consumption of the wireless sensor terminal. The response time for switching between operating modes is less than 50ms to ensure timely detection and handling of abnormal situations. Specific operating mode judgment conditions and adjustment content include: When the blood flow detected by the flow monitoring unit is within the first flow range, and the blood oxygen saturation detected by the blood oxygen monitoring unit is greater than or equal to the first blood oxygen threshold, the working mode is steady state mode, the wireless sensor terminal enters low power consumption state, the specific sampling frequency of the flow monitoring unit and the blood oxygen monitoring unit is the first sampling frequency, where the sampling frequency of the first sampling frequency is once per minute, the wireless transmission module is in sleep state, and the total power consumption of the wireless sensor terminal is less than 1mW. When the blood flow is not within the first flow range, or the blood oxygen saturation is less than the first blood oxygen threshold, the working mode is alarm mode, the wireless sensor terminal enters medium power consumption state, the sampling frequency of the specific flow monitoring unit and blood oxygen monitoring unit is the second sampling frequency, where the sampling frequency of the second sampling frequency is once per second, the wireless transmission module is in an active state, and the total power consumption of the wireless sensor terminal is 10-50mW at this time. When the blood flow is not within the second flow range, or the blood oxygen saturation is less than the second blood oxygen threshold, the working mode is emergency mode, the wireless sensor terminal enters a high power consumption state, and the sampling frequency of the specific flow monitoring unit and blood oxygen monitoring unit is the third sampling frequency, where the sampling frequency of the third sampling frequency is ten times per second, the wireless transmission module is in a high-speed transmission state, and the total power consumption of the wireless sensor terminal is 100mW.

[0039] The first flow range is within ±10% of the target blood flow value, and the second flow range is within ±20% of the target blood flow value. The target blood flow value is determined according to different treatment situations. Specifically, in this embodiment, the target blood flow value in conventional extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) system treatment is 3-5 L / min; the first blood oxygen threshold is 90% blood oxygen saturation, and the second blood oxygen threshold is 80% blood oxygen saturation.

[0040] The computation control unit provides computing power support to each unit and controls the operation of other units according to their requests. Specifically, the computation control unit adjusts the operating status of the blood oxygen monitoring unit, flow monitoring unit, and wireless transmission unit according to the operating mode set by the power management unit. The computation control unit can be a microprocessor, microcontroller, or other computation control chip. The content and implementation of the computation control unit are existing technologies and will not be elaborated further here.

[0041] The computation and control unit is also used to analyze the type of hypoxia based on the monitoring results of the blood oxygen monitoring unit and the blood flow monitoring unit. The types of hypoxia include oxygenation impairment, inadequate perfusion, and latent tissue hypoxia. Specifically, when the blood oxygen saturation is less than the first blood oxygen threshold and the blood flow is within the first flow range, the hypoxic state is oxygenation impairment. At this time, the blood flow is normal, but the blood oxygen saturation is low, indicating that lung disease (COPD, pneumonia) prevents oxygen from effectively entering the blood or that the inhaled oxygen concentration is insufficient.

[0042] When blood oxygen saturation is less than the first blood oxygen threshold and blood flow is less than the first blood flow threshold, hypoxia is a condition of inadequate perfusion, similar to heart failure. At this time, the blood's ability to carry oxygen is normal, but it cannot be effectively delivered to tissues and organs.

[0043] When blood oxygen saturation is greater than or equal to the first blood oxygen threshold and blood flow is less than the second flow threshold, the hypoxic state is latent tissue hypoxia. In this case, arterial blood oxygen saturation appears normal, but the total amount of oxygen delivered to the tissue per unit time is insufficient, which can lead to tissue damage in the long term. This condition is easily overlooked in single-monitoring. The first flow threshold is 90% of the target blood flow value, and the second flow threshold is 70% of the target blood flow value. Compared to existing technologies, this solution connects the wireless sensor terminal and the host wirelessly, avoiding the tangled mess of multiple monitoring cables (such as ECG, blood oxygen, and blood pressure monitors) in the ward. This prevents the cables from becoming entangled in the patient's limbs, potentially causing falls, catheter dislodgement, or other accidents. Furthermore, the wireless nature of the sensor terminal prevents aging, damage, or water ingress into the connection cables between the sensor terminal and the host, which could lead to leakage, short circuits, or electric shocks to patients, thus improving safety during use.

[0044] Furthermore, this solution integrates a flow monitoring unit and a blood oxygen monitoring unit for simultaneous monitoring. This avoids the limitation of blood oxygen saturation, which only reflects the proportion of oxyhemoglobin in the blood and fails to reflect the actual delivery capacity of blood flow. Since blood flow directly reflects the blood supply level to tissues, synchronous monitoring of both flow and blood flow allows for dual-parameter joint monitoring in the clinical application of extracorporeal circulation support devices and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) systems. This enables the assessment of the device's improvement effect on cardiac pumping function, not only checking whether blood oxygen levels are within the target range but also confirming whether blood flow meets the perfusion needs of the entire body's tissues. Any failure to meet the target will trigger an alarm, prompting the physician to conduct further examination. In the clinical application of ECMO systems, this allows the device to more accurately match the patient's physiological state, providing suitable oxygen concentration and blood flow rate, thus improving the safety and effectiveness of treatment.

[0045] The wireless transmission unit adjusts the wireless network frequency between the wireless sensor terminal and the host, ensuring a smooth connection even when interference occurs. This prevents interference from external networks or devices. Furthermore, by monitoring the connection status and adjusting it in real time, any connection anomalies can be promptly resolved, guaranteeing the reliability and stability of the connection between the wireless sensor terminal and the host.

[0046] Simultaneously, by incorporating a first energy storage module and a second energy storage module in the power supply unit to power the wireless sensor terminal, the second energy storage module can provide temporary power when the first module's power is depleted. This prevents the wireless sensor terminal from becoming unusable due to insufficient power, thus avoiding monitoring interruptions. Furthermore, the power management unit adjusts the wireless sensor terminal's operating mode based on monitoring results, ensuring that the terminal's operating power matches the monitoring conditions. This guarantees that sensor monitoring meets actual needs while significantly extending the terminal's battery life.

[0047] This invention also aims to provide an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) system, comprising a first internal cannula, a power pump, an oxygenator, and a second internal cannula connected sequentially via a delivery tube 5. One end of the first internal cannula is connected to a blood vessel, and the other end is connected to the input end of the power pump via the delivery tube 5. The output end of the power pump is connected to the input end of the oxygenator via the delivery tube 5, and the output end of the oxygenator is connected to the second internal cannula via the delivery tube. The end of the second internal cannula furthest from the oxygenator is connected to a blood vessel to form a loop. The first internal cannula serves as a drainage tube, and the second internal cannula serves as a return blood vessel. The specific structure and working principle of the ECMO system are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. A wireless sensor terminal is provided on the delivery tube 5. Specifically, the delivery tube 5 passes through the cavity of a wireless blood oxygen and flow sensor. The blood oxygen monitoring unit and flow monitoring unit in the wireless blood oxygen and flow sensor are used to monitor the blood oxygen saturation and flow rate of the liquid in the delivery tube 5, respectively. The liquid delivered in the delivery tube 5 can be blood delivered during the operation of the ECMO system or experimental liquid used for testing. The extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) system also includes a monitoring unit, which is used to acquire various monitoring data during the ECMO treatment process. The host of the wireless pulse oximeter and flow sensor is electrically connected to the monitoring unit of the ECMO system, and the host of the wireless pulse oximeter and flow sensor transmits various monitoring data and analysis results from the wireless sensor terminal to the monitoring unit.

[0048] The extracorporeal membrane oxygenation system is also used to adjust the working parameters of the power pump and the oxygenator according to the working mode of the wireless sensor terminal. Specifically, when the wireless sensor terminal is in steady state mode, the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation system is in normal operation state, the power pump maintains the set target flow rate, and the oxygenator performs oxygenation according to the preset oxygen concentration parameters. At this time, the parameters of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation system remain within the normal treatment range. When the wireless sensor terminal is in alarm mode, the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation system enters the early warning and adjustment state. The power pump automatically adjusts to the optimized value of the current flow range, and the oxygenator adjusts the oxygen concentration parameters accordingly to improve blood oxygen saturation. At the same time, the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation system sends an early warning prompt to medical staff. When the wireless sensor terminal is in emergency mode, the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) system enters emergency enhancement mode. The power pump immediately increases to the maximum safe flow rate, the oxygenator is adjusted to the maximum oxygen concentration output, and the ECMO system simultaneously triggers an audible and visual alarm and notifies the medical team for emergency intervention.

[0049] By transmitting blood flow and blood oxygen saturation parameters monitored by the wireless sensor terminal to the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) system in real time, the ECMO system can automatically adjust the operating parameters of the power pump and oxygenator according to the above-mentioned linkage rules, thereby realizing closed-loop control between sensor monitoring data and ECMO system treatment.

[0050] The extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) system is also used to adjust its operating status based on the type of hypoxia analyzed by the wireless sensor terminal, specifically including: When the hypoxic state is oxygenation impairment, the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation system increases the oxygen concentration output of the oxygenator and increases the gas exchange area of ​​the oxygenator, while keeping the flow parameters of the power pump constant, so as to increase the proportion of oxyhemoglobin in the blood. When the hypoxic state is insufficient perfusion, the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation system increases the speed of the power pump to increase blood flow, while maintaining the oxygen concentration parameters of the oxygenator at a constant level to ensure sufficient blood delivery to tissues and organs. When the hypoxic state is latent tissue hypoxia, the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation system (ECMO) simultaneously increases the flow rate of the power pump and the oxygen concentration of the oxygenator, achieving a dual increase in blood flow and oxygenation level to meet the tissue's total oxygen demand.

[0051] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A medical wireless blood oxygen and blood flow sensor, characterized in that, Includes a host computer and several wireless sensor terminals connected to the host computer via a wireless network; The wireless sensor terminal includes a computing control unit, and a blood oxygen monitoring unit, a flow monitoring unit, a wireless transmission unit, and a power consumption management unit connected to the computing control unit; The blood oxygen monitoring unit is used to monitor blood oxygen saturation, and the blood flow monitoring unit is used to monitor blood flow. The wireless transmission unit is wirelessly connected to the host and adjusts the connection between the wireless sensor terminal and the host according to the connection status between the wireless sensor terminal and the host. The power consumption management unit adjusts the working mode of the wireless sensor terminal according to the monitoring values ​​of the blood oxygen monitoring unit and the blood flow monitoring unit.

2. The wireless blood oxygen and blood flow sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wireless sensor terminal also includes a housing, which has a accommodating cavity extending through both ends of the housing. The accommodating cavity is used to accommodate the delivery tube. The blood oxygen monitoring unit and the flow monitoring unit are both located on the inner wall of the accommodating cavity. The blood oxygen monitoring unit and the flow monitoring unit are used to monitor the blood oxygen saturation and flow rate of the liquid in the delivery tube, respectively.

3. The wireless blood oxygen and blood flow sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The blood oxygen monitoring unit includes a light-emitting photoelectric element and a light-receiving photoelectric element, which are distributed facing each other on the sidewall of the accommodating cavity.

4. The wireless blood oxygen and blood flow sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flow monitoring unit includes a first transducer and a second transducer, which are distributed facing each other on the inner wall of the accommodating cavity. The first transducer is located on one side of the photoelectric light-emitting element, and the second transducer is located on the side of the photoelectric light-receiving element away from the first transducer.

5. The wireless blood oxygen and blood flow sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management unit adjusts the operating mode of the wireless sensor terminal based on the monitoring values ​​from the blood oxygen monitoring unit and the flow monitoring unit, including: When the blood flow rate is within the first flow range and the blood oxygen saturation is greater than or equal to the first blood oxygen threshold, the working mode is a steady-state mode, the sampling frequency of the flow monitoring unit and the blood oxygen monitoring unit is the first sampling frequency, and the wireless transmission module is in a sleep state. When the blood flow rate is not within the first flow range, or the blood oxygen saturation is less than the first blood oxygen threshold, the working mode is the alarm mode, the sampling frequency of the flow monitoring unit and the blood oxygen monitoring unit is the second sampling frequency, and the wireless transmission module is in an active state. When the blood flow rate is not within the second flow range, or the blood oxygen saturation is less than the second blood oxygen threshold, the working mode is emergency mode, the sampling frequency of the flow monitoring unit and the blood oxygen monitoring unit is the third sampling frequency, and the wireless transmission module is in high-speed transmission mode.

6. The wireless blood oxygen and blood flow sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wireless transmission unit and the host can be connected via a multi-band wireless network. The wireless transmission unit is also used to switch the wireless connection frequency band according to the network frequency band interference in the environment where the wireless sensor terminal is located.

7. The wireless blood oxygen and blood flow sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wireless transmission unit further includes a caching module, which is used to cache data sent by the wireless sensor terminal to the host within a preset time range. When the network connection between the wireless sensor terminal and the host is restored after an interruption, the wireless transmission unit sends the data in the caching module to the host.

8. The wireless blood oxygen and blood flow sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wireless sensor terminal also includes a power supply unit, which includes a first energy storage module, a second energy storage module, and a piezoelectric energy harvesting module. The first energy storage module is used to supply power to the wireless sensor terminal, and the second energy storage module and the piezoelectric energy harvesting module are used to provide auxiliary power to the wireless sensor terminal.

9. The wireless blood oxygen and blood flow sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation and control unit is also used to analyze the hypoxia state type based on the monitoring results of the blood oxygen monitoring unit and the flow monitoring unit, including: When the blood oxygen saturation is less than the first blood oxygen threshold and the blood flow is within the first flow range, the hypoxic state type is oxygenation disorder. When the blood oxygen saturation is less than the first blood oxygen threshold and the blood flow is less than the first flow threshold, the hypoxia state type is inadequate perfusion. When the blood oxygen saturation is greater than or equal to the first blood oxygen threshold and the blood flow is less than the second flow threshold, the hypoxia state type is latent tissue hypoxia.

10. An extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) system, characterized in that, The system includes a first internal cannula, a power pump, an oxygenator, and a second internal cannula connected sequentially via a delivery tube. It also includes a wireless blood oxygen and flow sensor as described in any one of claims 1-9. The blood oxygen monitoring unit and flow monitoring unit in the wireless blood oxygen and flow sensor are respectively used to monitor the blood oxygen saturation and flow rate of the liquid in the delivery tube. The extracorporeal membrane oxygenation system is further used to adjust the operating state of the power pump or the oxygenator according to the operating mode of the wireless blood oxygen and flow sensor or the hypoxic state obtained from analysis.

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