A jet electrode boiler nozzle with a guide vane structure and a control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of spray electrode boiler nozzle with guide vane structure and control method thereof, it is related to industrial equipment design and control technical field, the device includes guide section, import section, export section and control module, support cylinder is provided in guide section, multiple guide vanes are provided in support cylinder, guide vane is angle adjusted using transmission mechanism, the device is by setting servo motor to drive guide vane rotation angle adjustment, accurately adjust the flow and flow rate of fluid, and response speed is fast, precision is high, so that water flow forms stable spiral motion, improve the uniformity of flow field distribution, provide the distribution uniformity of current density between electrode, so as to improve heating efficiency and equipment life, and based on water temperature, pressure, flow, vane state and power load deviation, using fuzzy PID compound control strategy, degree of automation is high, regulation is accurate and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial equipment design and control technology, and in particular to a jet electrode boiler nozzle with a guide vane structure and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] The jet electrode boiler forms a current loop by spraying water between electrodes, and uses the resistance of water to convert electrical energy into heat energy. The boiler water resistance is controlled by adjusting the amount of water sprayed, and the power regulation can be adjusted from 10% to 100%. The traditional method of adjusting the amount of water sprayed mainly relies on the mechanical movement of the control sleeve to adjust the amount of water sprayed, which has the following drawbacks.

[0003] Traditional jet electrode boilers primarily employ a fixed nozzle design, using mechanical devices to adjust the position of the control sleeve to change the water injection volume. This design has several technical limitations:

[0004] First, the adjustment accuracy is limited. Traditional nozzle adjustment mainly relies on the up-and-down movement of the control sleeve to change the opening of the spray hole, and the adjustment accuracy is usually only around ±5%, which is difficult to meet the load regulation accuracy requirements of modern power systems. Especially under low load conditions, due to the dead zone effect of mechanical adjustment, the adjustment accuracy is further reduced, seriously affecting the stability of the system.

[0005] Secondly, the response speed is slow. The response time of traditional mechanical adjustment methods is usually more than 3 seconds. This is mainly due to the large mechanical inertia of the control sleeve, coupled with factors such as clearance and friction in the transmission mechanism. When the power grid frequency fluctuates significantly, this response speed is insufficient to meet the rapid adjustment requirements of AGC (Automatic Generation Control).

[0006] Third, the flow field distribution is uneven. The water flow from traditional nozzles often has an uneven flow field distribution, which leads to uneven current density distribution between electrodes, affecting heating efficiency and equipment life. At the same time, the unstable water flow may also cause arc discharge between electrodes, reducing the safety of the system.

[0007] Fourth, the maintenance cost is high. Traditional nozzles have a complex mechanical structure and many parts, which are prone to wear and corrosion. They require regular maintenance and replacement. Especially in high temperature and high pressure working environments, the reliability of mechanical parts decreases, increasing maintenance costs and downtime.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to design a guide vane nozzle that can precisely control the direction and shape of water flow. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a jet electrode boiler nozzle with a guide vane structure and a control method thereof, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a jet-type electrode boiler nozzle with a guide vane structure, comprising:

[0011] Guide section;

[0012] The inlet section is fixedly installed at one end of the guide section;

[0013] An outlet section is fixedly installed at the other end of the guide section, and the end of the outlet section away from the guide section is tapered, so that when the fluid passes through the outlet section... Cross section reduction ;

[0014] A support cylinder is fixedly installed in the guide section;

[0015] Multiple guide vanes are spirally distributed on the support cylinder;

[0016] A transmission mechanism, which is disposed in the support cylinder, is used to drive multiple guide vanes to rotate synchronously, so that when the fluid passes through the guide section, the direction and speed of the fluid are changed by the guide vanes;

[0017] The control module includes a control unit and multiple sensing units, which are used to acquire external application environment parameters of the fluid, so as to adjust the transmission mechanism through the control unit according to the external application environment parameters.

[0018] Preferably, the sensing unit includes;

[0019] The temperature sensor includes a first temperature sensor installed in the boiler to monitor the boiler water temperature, a second temperature sensor installed at the nozzle outlet, and a third temperature sensor installed on the electrode surface.

[0020] The pressure sensor includes an inlet water pressure sensor installed at the inlet section, an outlet water pressure sensor installed at the nozzle outlet, and an in-furnace pressure sensor installed in the boiler.

[0021] A flow sensor is installed at the inlet section, and the flow sensor is an electromagnetic flow meter or an ultrasonic flow meter.

[0022] Current and voltage sensors.

[0023] Preferably, the control unit includes a PLC circuit board. The signal collected by the sensing unit is received by the PLC circuit board after signal conditioning and A / D conversion. The PLC control program is written into the circuit board, and the PLC control program makes feedback adjustments based on the signal collected by the sensing unit.

[0024] Preferably, a servo motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the guide section. The servo motor integrates a position encoder and a motor controller. The output end of the servo motor is connected to the transmission mechanism. The feedback adjustment is used to control the motor controller. The motor controller controls the servo motor to start and stop precisely based on the position encoder, so that the guide vane is at a preset angle.

[0025] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a transmission shaft rotatably disposed inside the support cylinder, a drive shaft rotatably disposed on the outer wall of the support cylinder, the outer end of the drive shaft being mounted to the output end of the servo motor via a coupling, the inner end of the drive shaft being drivenly connected to the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft being drivenly connected to a plurality of guide vanes.

[0026] Preferably, a power input bevel gear is fixedly installed at one end of the transmission shaft, a drive bevel gear meshing with the power input bevel gear is fixedly installed on the drive shaft, a rotating head is fixedly installed on the guide vane, a transfer bevel gear is fixedly installed inside the support cylinder extending from the rotating head, and a plurality of transfer discs corresponding one-to-one with the transfer bevel gears are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the transmission shaft, and an irregular bevel gear is integrally formed on the outer wall of the transfer disc, the irregular bevel gear meshing with the transfer bevel gear.

[0027] Preferably, the guide vane adopts an arc-shaped design, and the installation angle of the guide vane is 15-25° smaller than the outlet geometric angle, so that the load distribution of the guide vane exhibits a back-loading characteristic, effectively reducing flow loss. The thickness of the guide vane is 2-3mm, and the guide vane is made of 316L stainless steel or 99.9% high-purity alumina ceramic.

[0028] Preferably, one end of the inlet section is integrally formed with an assembly connection part, and both the inlet section and the guide section are provided with sealing rings.

[0029] Preferably, a water separator is fixedly installed inside the guide section near the inlet section so that the fluid entering the guide section is evenly dispersed by the water separator; a pressure reducing guide pipe is fixedly installed inside the guide section near the outlet section so that the fluid reduces the impact on the outlet section.

[0030] A control method for a jet electrode boiler nozzle with a guide vane structure includes:

[0031] L1. Main control algorithm; control strategy design: a fuzzy PID composite control strategy is adopted, and the specific control algorithm is as follows:

[0032] Control parameter definition:

[0033] Setpoint: Target load power P*

[0034] Feedback value: Actual load power P

[0035] Control variable: Guide vane angle α

[0036] Control Algorithm:

[0037] in, This is a deviation signal. , , These are the proportional, integral, and differential coefficients, respectively.

[0038] To improve control performance, an adaptive parameter adjustment strategy is adopted, which automatically adjusts the control parameters according to the magnitude and rate of load changes.

[0039] When│ │> ( When the rated power is used, =1.5, =0.1, to speed up the response;

[0040] When│ │≤ When, decrease Value, increase Values ​​provide control precision;

[0041] When│ │≤ hour, =0.5, =0.5, to prevent system oscillation;

[0042] L2, Feedforward Compensation Control; To improve the system's response speed, a feedforward compensation control strategy is adopted. Based on historical load change data and the current operating status, future load demand is predicted, and the guide vane angle is adjusted in advance. The calculation of the feedforward control quantity is based on the system's dynamic mathematical model:

[0043]

[0044] in, This is the feedforward control quantity. For feedforward gain, This refers to the change in load.

[0045] L3. Parameter optimization strategy: The optimization of control parameters adopts genetic algorithm or particle swarm optimization algorithm, with the system's adjustment accuracy, response speed, overshoot and other optimization objectives, and finds the optimal combination of control parameters through iterative calculation;

[0046] Optimize the objective function:

[0047] Where IAE represents the integral absolute error. For the rising time, For overshoot, These are the weighting coefficients, and ;

[0048] L4. Adaptive Control Strategy: Considering that system parameters may change with operating time and environmental conditions, an adaptive control strategy is adopted. By identifying the system's dynamic parameters online, control parameters are adjusted in real time to ensure the system is always in an optimal operating state. Parameter identification uses either recursive least squares or a Kalman filter algorithm.

[0049] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0050] 1. This jet electrode boiler nozzle with guide vane structure can precisely adjust the flow rate and velocity of the fluid by changing the vane angle. The adjustment accuracy can reach ±1%, which is much higher than the traditional mechanical adjustment method. At the same time, the angle adjustment of the guide vane is driven by a servo motor, which has a fast response speed and high precision.

[0051] 2. The jet electrode boiler nozzle with guide vane structure can make the water flow form a stable spiral motion, improve the uniformity of the flow field distribution, and provide uniformity of the current density distribution between electrodes, thereby improving heating efficiency and equipment life. At the same time, the formation of spiral flow can also enhance the disturbance of water flow, which is beneficial to prevent the formation of scale.

[0052] 3. The jet electrode boiler nozzle with guide vane structure has a relatively simple structure, mainly composed of blades, drive shaft, and transmission mechanism. It has fewer parts and requires less maintenance. At the same time, the blades are made of high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, which provides the equipment with reliable service life.

[0053] 4. The control method for the jet electrode boiler nozzle with guide vane structure, through the design of a sensing unit and a control unit, and the control unit adopting a fuzzy PID composite control strategy, based on water temperature, pressure, flow rate, blade state and power load deviation, adopts a parameter optimization strategy, with the system's adjustment accuracy, response speed and overshoot as optimization targets, effectively adjusts and controls under the premise of ensuring operational safety, ensuring that the equipment operates in the optimal state, without manual intervention, with a high degree of automation, and precise and efficient adjustment. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 This is an overall side view of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front-end outer surface structure of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall rear-end outer surface structure of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall internal structure of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the guide vane end face structure of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the support cylinder of the present invention.

[0060] In the diagram: 1. Guide section; 12. Servo motor; 13. Water separator; 14. Pressure reducing guide pipe; 15. Guide vane; 152. Rotating head; 16. Transmission mechanism; 161. Drive shaft; 162. Transfer bevel gear; 163. Drive bevel gear; 164. Transmission shaft; 165. Power input bevel gear; 166. Transfer disc; 167. Irregular bevel gear; 17. Support cylinder; 2. Inlet section; 3. Outlet section; 4. Sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] This invention provides, for example Figures 1-6 The disclosed method includes a jet electrode boiler nozzle with a guide vane structure and its control method, comprising:

[0063] Guide section 1;

[0064] Inlet section 2 is fixedly installed at one end of guide section 1;

[0065] The outlet section 3 is fixedly installed at the other end of the guide section 1, and the end of the outlet section 3 away from the guide section 1 is constricted so that when the fluid passes through the outlet section 3... Cross section reduction ;

[0066] The support cylinder 17 is fixedly installed in the guide section 1;

[0067] Multiple guide vanes 15 are spirally distributed on the support cylinder 17;

[0068] The transmission mechanism 16 is disposed in the support cylinder 17 and is used to drive multiple guide vanes 15 to rotate synchronously, so that when the fluid passes through the guide section 1, the direction and speed of the fluid are changed by the guide vanes 15.

[0069] The control module includes a control unit and multiple sensing units. The sensing units are used to acquire external application environment parameters of the fluid, so as to adjust the transmission mechanism 16 through the control unit according to the external application environment parameters.

[0070] The sensing unit includes;

[0071] The temperature sensor includes a first temperature sensor installed in the boiler to monitor the boiler water temperature, a second temperature sensor installed at the nozzle outlet, and a third temperature sensor installed on the electrode surface.

[0072] The pressure sensor includes an inlet water pressure sensor installed at the inlet section 2, an outlet water pressure sensor installed at the nozzle outlet, and an in-furnace pressure sensor installed in the boiler.

[0073] The flow sensor is installed at the inlet section 2. The flow sensor is either an electromagnetic flow meter or an ultrasonic flow meter.

[0074] Current and voltage sensors.

[0075] The control unit includes a PLC circuit board. The signals collected by the sensing unit are received by the PLC circuit board after signal conditioning and A / D conversion. The PLC control program is written into the circuit board, and the PLC control program makes feedback adjustments based on the signals collected by the sensing unit.

[0076] A servo motor 12 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the guide section 1. The servo motor 12 integrates a position encoder and a motor controller. The output end of the servo motor 12 is connected to the transmission mechanism 16. Feedback adjustment is used to control the motor controller. The motor controller controls the servo motor 12 to start and stop precisely based on the position encoder, so that the guide leaf 15 is at a preset angle.

[0077] The transmission mechanism 16 includes a transmission shaft 164 rotatably disposed inside the support cylinder 17, a drive shaft 161 rotatably disposed on the outer wall of the support cylinder 17, the outer end of the drive shaft 161 is connected to the output end of the servo motor 12 by a coupling, the inner end of the drive shaft 161 is connected to the transmission shaft 164, and the transmission shaft 164 is connected to multiple guide vanes 15.

[0078] A power input bevel gear 165 is fixedly installed at one end of the drive shaft 164. A drive bevel gear 163 that meshes with the power input bevel gear 165 is fixedly installed on the drive shaft 161. A rotating head 152 is fixedly installed on the guide vane 15. The rotating head 152 extends into the interior of the support cylinder 17 and is fixedly installed with a transfer bevel gear 162. A plurality of transfer discs 166, each corresponding to a transfer bevel gear 162, are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the drive shaft 164. A non-circular bevel gear 167 is integrally formed on the outer wall of the transfer disc 166 and meshes with the transfer bevel gear 162.

[0079] The guide vane 15 adopts an arc-shaped design. The installation angle of the guide vane 15 is 15-25° smaller than the outlet geometry angle, so that the load distribution of the guide vane 15 presents a back-loading characteristic, effectively reducing flow loss. The thickness of the guide vane 15 is 2-3mm. The guide vane 15 is made of 316L stainless steel or 99.9% high-purity alumina ceramic.

[0080] One end of the inlet section 2 is integrally formed with an assembly connection part 22, and both the inlet section 2 and the guide section 1 are provided with sealing rings 4.

[0081] A water separator 13 is fixedly installed inside the guide section 1 near the inlet section 2 so that the fluid entering the guide section 1 is evenly dispersed through the water separator 13; a pressure reducing guide pipe 14 is fixedly installed inside the guide section 1 near the outlet section 3 so that the fluid reduces the impact on the outlet section 3.

[0082] Working principle: This jet electrode boiler nozzle with guide vane structure adds a guide section 1 between the inlet section 2 and the outlet section 3. Inside the guide section 1, guide vanes 15 are set to adjust the fluid angle and speed. Multiple guide vanes 15 are distributed in a spiral shape. At the same time, the transmission mechanism 16 connects to the servo motor 12 to start multiple guide vanes 15. In use, by controlling the rotor rotation of the servo motor 12, the drive shaft 161 is driven to rotate. The drive shaft 161 meshes with the power input bevel gear 165 through the drive bevel gear 163, thereby driving the transmission shaft 164 to rotate. The transmission shaft 164 meshes with the bevel gear 162 at the inner end of the rotating head 152 through the irregular bevel gears 167 on multiple distribution discs 166, thereby enabling multiple guide vanes 15 to adjust their angle synchronously. The adjustment range is ±15°, the adjustment accuracy can reach ±0.1°, and the response time is less than 200ms.

[0083] By utilizing multiple guide vanes 15 arranged in a spiral pattern to change the flow direction and velocity distribution of the fluid, the system performance is optimized, which has the following advantages;

[0084] 1. Precise flow control capability: The guide vane 15 can precisely adjust the flow rate and velocity of the fluid by changing the blade angle, with an adjustment accuracy of ±1%, which is far higher than the traditional mechanical adjustment method. This precise flow control capability provides a technical basis for electrode boilers to achieve high-precision load regulation.

[0085] 2. Fast response characteristics: The angle adjustment of the guide vane 15 is achieved by driving the servo motor 12, and the response time can be shortened to less than 200 milliseconds, which meets the requirements of the power grid AGC for fast adjustment. This fast response capability is of great significance for providing the stability of the power system.

[0086] 3. Optimized flow field distribution: The guide vane 15 enables the water flow to form a stable spiral motion, improves the uniformity of the flow field distribution, and provides uniformity of current density distribution between electrodes, thereby improving heating efficiency and equipment life. At the same time, the formation of the spiral flow can also enhance the disturbance of the water flow, which is beneficial to preventing the formation of scale.

[0087] 4. The structure is compact and easy to maintain. The structure of the guide vane nozzle is relatively simple, mainly composed of guide vane 15, drive shaft 164, and transmission mechanism 16. The number of parts is small and the maintenance workload is small. At the same time, the guide vane 15 is made of high temperature and corrosion resistant materials, which provides the equipment with reliable service life.

[0088] 5. Sealing structure design: The nozzle and the boiler body adopt a metal seal or ceramic seal structure. The sealing surface is precision machined, and the surface roughness is controlled within Ra≤0.4μm. At the same time, O-rings are set on the sealing surface to form a double seal, ensuring that no leakage occurs under high pressure conditions.

[0089] Example 2: Based on Example 1, this example further provides a control method for a jet electrode boiler nozzle with a guide vane structure. This method is used to control the jet electrode boiler nozzle with the aforementioned guide vane structure to intelligently adjust the angle of the guide vane 15, thereby achieving control of the jet flow velocity and angle of the outlet section 3. The method includes:

[0090] L1. Main control algorithm; control strategy design: a fuzzy PID composite control strategy is adopted, and the specific control algorithm is as follows:

[0091] Control parameter definition:

[0092] Setpoint: Target load power P*

[0093] Feedback value: Actual load power P

[0094] Control variable: Guide vane angle α

[0095] Control Algorithm:

[0096] in, This is a deviation signal. , , These are the proportional, integral, and differential coefficients, respectively.

[0097] To improve control performance, an adaptive parameter adjustment strategy is adopted, which automatically adjusts the control parameters according to the magnitude and rate of load changes.

[0098] When│ │> ( When the rated power is used, =1.5, =0.1, to speed up the response;

[0099] When│ │≤ When, decrease Value, increase Values ​​provide control precision;

[0100] When│ │≤ hour, =0.5, =0.5, to prevent system oscillation;

[0101] L2, Feedforward Compensation Control; To improve the system's response speed, a feedforward compensation control strategy is adopted. Based on historical load change data and the current operating status, future load demand is predicted, and the guide vane angle is adjusted in advance. The calculation of the feedforward control quantity is based on the system's dynamic mathematical model:

[0102]

[0103] in, This is the feedforward control quantity. For feedforward gain, This refers to the change in load.

[0104] L3. Parameter optimization strategy: The optimization of control parameters adopts genetic algorithm or particle swarm optimization algorithm, with the system's adjustment accuracy, response speed, overshoot and other optimization objectives, and finds the optimal combination of control parameters through iterative calculation;

[0105] Optimize the objective function:

[0106] Where IAE represents the integral absolute error. For the rising time, For overshoot, These are the weighting coefficients, and ;

[0107] L4. Adaptive Control Strategy: Considering that system parameters may change with operating time and environmental conditions, an adaptive control strategy is adopted. By identifying the system's dynamic parameters online, control parameters are adjusted in real time to ensure the system is always in an optimal operating state. Parameter identification uses either recursive least squares or a Kalman filter algorithm.

[0108] Working principle: The control method of the jet electrode boiler nozzle with guide vane structure achieves precise control of the new guide vane nozzle through judgment logic and threshold setting. By defining the threshold and making logical judgments on key operating parameters, the load adjustment can be automated and intelligent, while ensuring the safe operation of the system.

[0109] The system's judgment logic is based on the core link of "load demand - parameter feedback - adjustment command," and is divided into three levels of judgment: Level 1 judgment (safety assurance level) prioritizes monitoring dangerous operating conditions such as over-temperature and over-pressure, triggering emergency shutdown or protection actions; Level 2 judgment (adjustment accuracy level) determines the adjustment mode (rapid adjustment / fine adjustment) based on load deviation and parameter fluctuations; Level 3 judgment (optimized operation level) fine-tunes the control strategy by combining parameters such as energy consumption and flow field stability. The three levels of judgment are progressively advanced to ensure that the system prioritizes safety, has controllable accuracy, and operates efficiently.

[0110] Key parameter threshold settings and judgment logic

[0111] Parameter type Threshold name Threshold range Judgment Logic Corresponding actions Load related Load deviation threshold 1 (ΔP1) ±20%Pn (rated power) When |actual load - target load| > ΔP1, it is determined to be a large load fluctuation. Activate the rapid adjustment mode, using a large Kp value (1.5), and adjust the guide vane angle in steps of 0.5° / time. Load related Load deviation threshold 2 (ΔP2) ±5%Pn ~ ±20%Pn When ΔP2 ≤ |actual load - target load| ≤ ΔP1, it is judged as a medium load fluctuation. Start the normal adjustment mode, using a moderate Kp value (1.0), and adjust in steps of 0.2° / time. Load related Load deviation threshold 3 (ΔP3) <±5%Pn When |actual load - target load| < ΔP3, it is determined to be a small load fluctuation. Activate fine adjustment mode, using a small Kp value (0.5), with an adjustment step of 0.05° / time. Temperature parameters Boiler water high temperature threshold (Tmax) 180℃ (normal operating conditions) / 200℃ (limit protection) A boiler water temperature exceeding 180℃ is considered an over-temperature warning; a temperature exceeding 200℃ is considered a dangerous over-temperature. Warning: Reduce water flow and decrease blade angle by 5°; Danger: Emergency shutdown, cut off water supply. Temperature parameters Boiler water low temperature threshold (Tmin) 80℃ When the boiler water temperature is <80℃, it is determined to be a low-temperature operating condition. Increase the water spray volume, increase the blade angle by 5°, and increase the heating power. Pressure parameters High pressure threshold (Pmax) inside the furnace 4.0MPa (normal operating conditions) / 4.5MPa (limit protection) A furnace internal pressure > 4.0 MPa is an overpressure warning; > 4.5 MPa is a dangerous overpressure. Warning: Open the pressure relief valve to reduce the water spray volume; Danger: Emergency shutdown, cut off power and water supply. Pressure parameters Water supply pressure threshold (Pw) 1.2MPa~3.8MPa A water supply pressure less than 1.2 MPa or greater than 3.8 MPa is considered an abnormal water supply pressure. Adjust the pump frequency and simultaneously correct the guide vane angle (for every 0.1 MPa pressure fluctuation, fine-tune the vane angle by 0.1°). Flow parameters Water spray volume limit threshold (Qmax / Qmin) Qmax = 1.2Qn; Qmin = 0.2Qn (rated water spray volume) When the water spray volume is greater than Qmax or less than Qmin, it is considered an abnormal flow rate. Stop adjusting the blade angle, first check the pump's operating condition and pipeline patency, and resume adjustment after troubleshooting. Leaf condition Blade angle limit threshold (αmax / αmin) αmax = +15°; αmin = -15° When the blade angle reaches ±15°, it is considered to be at the adjustment limit. Stop angle adjustment, issue an alarm signal, and prompt the user to adjust the load through other means (such as water pump pressure).

[0112] Threshold setting employs a two-step method of "basic parameter preset + on-site debugging and calibration" to ensure the rationality and adaptability of the threshold. The specific operation procedure is as follows:

[0113] Basic threshold preset: Based on the boiler's rated parameters (power, pressure, temperature) and the guide vane nozzle design parameters, basic thresholds are preset in the PLC control system. For example, for a 10MW rated power electrode boiler, preset ΔP1=±2MW (20%Pn), ΔP2=±0.5MW~±2MW, ΔP3=±0.5MW, boiler water Tmax=180℃, Tmin=80℃, etc.

[0114] In actual operation, on-site debugging and calibration are also required;

[0115] in;

[0116] No-load commissioning phase: When the boiler is running without load, simulate different load demands (20%Pn, 50%Pn, 80%Pn, 100%Pn), record the system's response speed and stability under different thresholds, and initially correct the load deviation threshold. For example, if the system overshoot is too large (>5%) when ΔP1=20%Pn, ΔP1 can be reduced to 18%Pn.

[0117] During the load commissioning phase: In actual load operation, monitor the fluctuations of parameters such as boiler water temperature, pressure, and water injection volume, and calibrate temperature and pressure thresholds. For example, if the boiler water temperature remains stable at around 175℃ under certain operating conditions, the over-temperature warning threshold can be fine-tuned to 178℃ to improve warning sensitivity; if the boiler pressure is low in high-altitude areas, the lower limit threshold of Pw can be lowered to 1.0MPa.

[0118] Long-term operation optimization: After 1-3 months of system operation, the thresholds are finally calibrated based on historical operating data (load fluctuation frequency, number of fault alarms, and rate of compliance with regulation accuracy). For example, if the regulation accuracy is insufficient when ΔP3=5%Pn under low load conditions (<30%Pn), ΔP3 can be lowered to 3%Pn to improve the control accuracy under low load conditions.

[0119] Threshold locking and updating: After commissioning, the threshold parameters are locked through the control system's access control to prevent accidental operation. If significant changes occur in the boiler's operating conditions subsequently (such as load range adjustments or changes in the working medium), recommissioning and calibration must be performed, the threshold parameters updated, and the parameter change log recorded.

[0120] Additional notes: Threshold settings must adhere to the principles of "safety first, accuracy adaptation, and optimal energy consumption." For different types of electrode boilers (such as industrial and heating boilers), the threshold range can be adjusted according to actual operating requirements. For example, the temperature threshold for heating boilers can be appropriately relaxed (Tmax=185℃) to improve heating stability.

[0121] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A jet-type electrode boiler nozzle with a guide vane structure, characterized in that, include: Guide section (1); The inlet section (2) is fixedly installed at one end of the guide section (1); The outlet section (3) is fixedly installed at the other end of the guide section (1), and the end of the outlet section (3) away from the guide section (1) is constricted so that when the fluid passes through the outlet section (3) Cross section reduction ; The support cylinder (17) is fixedly installed in the guide section (1); Multiple guide vanes (15) are spirally distributed on the support cylinder (17); The transmission mechanism (16), which is disposed in the support cylinder (17), is used to drive multiple guide vanes (15) to rotate synchronously so that when the fluid passes through the guide section (1), the direction and speed of the fluid are changed by the guide vanes (15); The control module includes a control unit and multiple sensing units, which are used to acquire the external application environment parameters of the fluid, so as to adjust the transmission mechanism (16) through the control unit according to the external application environment parameters.

2. The jet-type electrode boiler nozzle with guide vane structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing unit includes; The temperature sensor includes a first temperature sensor installed in the boiler to monitor the boiler water temperature, a second temperature sensor installed at the nozzle outlet, and a third temperature sensor installed on the electrode surface. The pressure sensor includes an inlet pressure sensor installed in the inlet section (2), an outlet pressure sensor installed at the nozzle outlet, and an in-furnace pressure sensor installed in the boiler. A flow sensor is installed at the inlet section (2), and the flow sensor is an electromagnetic flow meter or an ultrasonic flow meter. Current and voltage sensors.

3. The jet-type electrode boiler nozzle with guide vane structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control unit includes a PLC circuit board. The signals collected by the sensing unit are received by the PLC circuit board after signal conditioning and A / D conversion. The PLC control program is written into the circuit board, and the PLC control program makes feedback adjustments based on the signals collected by the sensing unit.

4. A jet-type electrode boiler nozzle with a guide vane structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, A servo motor (12) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the guide section (1). The servo motor (12) integrates a position encoder and a motor controller. The output end of the servo motor (12) is connected to the transmission mechanism (16). The feedback adjustment is used to control the motor controller. The motor controller controls the servo motor (12) to start and stop precisely based on the position encoder, so that the guide vane (15) is at a preset angle.

5. A jet-type electrode boiler nozzle with a guide vane structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism (16) includes a transmission shaft (164) rotatably disposed inside the support cylinder (17). A drive shaft (161) is rotatably disposed on the outer wall of the support cylinder (17). The outer end of the drive shaft (161) is connected to the output end of the servo motor (12) by a coupling. The inner end of the drive shaft (161) is connected to the transmission shaft (164). The transmission shaft (164) is connected to multiple guide vanes (15).

6. A jet-type electrode boiler nozzle with a guide vane structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, A power input bevel gear (165) is fixedly installed at one end of the drive shaft (164). A drive bevel gear (163) that meshes with the power input bevel gear (165) is fixedly installed on the drive shaft (161). A rotating head (152) is fixedly installed on the guide vane (15). The rotating head (152) extends into the interior of the support cylinder (17) and is fixedly installed with a transfer bevel gear (162). A plurality of transfer discs (166) that correspond one-to-one with the transfer bevel gear (162) are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the drive shaft (164). A non-circular bevel gear (167) is integrally formed on the outer wall of the transfer disc (166). The non-circular bevel gear (167) meshes with the transfer bevel gear (162).

7. A jet-type electrode boiler nozzle with a guide vane structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The guide vane (15) adopts an arc-shaped design. The installation angle of the guide vane (15) is 15-25° smaller than the outlet geometric angle, so that the load distribution of the guide vane (15) presents a post-loading characteristic, effectively reducing flow loss. The thickness of the guide vane (15) is 2-3mm. The guide vane (15) is made of 316L stainless steel or 99.9% high-purity alumina ceramic.

8. A jet-type electrode boiler nozzle with a guide vane structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the inlet section (2) is integrally formed with an assembly connection part (22), and both the inlet section (2) and the guide section (1) are provided with sealing rings (4).

9. A jet-type electrode boiler nozzle with a guide vane structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A water separator (13) is fixedly installed inside the guide section (1) near the inlet section (2) so that the fluid entering the guide section (1) is evenly dispersed by the water separator (13); a pressure reducing guide pipe (14) is fixedly installed inside the guide section (1) near the outlet section (3) so that the fluid reduces the impact on the outlet section (3).

10. A control method for a jet electrode boiler nozzle with a guide vane structure, used to control the jet electrode boiler nozzle with a guide vane structure as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: L1. Main control algorithm; control strategy design: a fuzzy PID composite control strategy is adopted, and the specific control algorithm is as follows: Control parameter definition: Setpoint: Target load power P* Feedback value: Actual load power P Control variable: Guide vane angle α Control Algorithm: in, This is a deviation signal. , , These are the proportional, integral, and differential coefficients, respectively. To improve control performance, an adaptive parameter adjustment strategy is adopted, which automatically adjusts the control parameters according to the magnitude and rate of load changes. When│ │> ( When the rated power is used, =1.5, =0.1, to speed up the response; When│ │≤ When, decrease Value, increase Values ​​provide control precision; When│ │≤ hour, =0.5, =0.5, to prevent system oscillation; L2, Feedforward Compensation Control; To improve the system's response speed, a feedforward compensation control strategy is adopted. Based on historical load change data and the current operating status, future load demand is predicted, and the guide vane angle is adjusted in advance. The calculation of the feedforward control quantity is based on the system's dynamic mathematical model: in, This is the feedforward control variable. For feedforward gain, This refers to the change in load. L3. Parameter optimization strategy: The optimization of control parameters adopts genetic algorithm or particle swarm optimization algorithm, with the system's adjustment accuracy, response speed, overshoot, etc. as optimization objectives, and finds the optimal combination of control parameters through iterative calculation; Optimize the objective function: Where IAE represents the integral absolute error. For the rising time, For overshoot, These are the weighting coefficients, and ; L4. Adaptive Control Strategy: Considering that system parameters may change with operating time and environmental conditions, an adaptive control strategy is adopted. By identifying the system's dynamic parameters online, control parameters are adjusted in real time to ensure the system is always in an optimal operating state. Parameter identification uses either recursive least squares or a Kalman filter algorithm.

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