Large plate full-automatic friction stir welding production system

Abstract

The application discloses a large-scale plate full-automatic friction stir welding production system and relates to the technical field of plate welding. The system comprises an oxide film removing and scribing unit and an FSW plate splicing unit. The oxide film removing and scribing unit comprises a first power roller way, a positioning block arranged at the tail end of the first power roller way, and a polishing assembly arranged beside the tail end of the first power roller way and capable of reciprocating along the Y direction. A driving assembly is arranged on the first power roller way, and the driving assembly is used for driving the positioning block to switch positions, so that the positioning block has a high positioning state of extending above the roller surface of the first power roller way and a low avoidance state of retracting to the obliquely lower side of the roller surface of the first power roller way. The positioning block is arranged in multiple groups along the Y direction, and the movement path of the polishing assembly coincides with the arrangement line of the multiple groups of positioning blocks. The workpiece XY direction positioning component is optimized and designed, so that the component can adaptively avoid the polishing component while having the positioning stop function, and the time sequence cooperative work of the two components is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plate welding technology, specifically to a large-scale fully automated friction stir welding production system for plate materials. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing industry, aluminum alloys are widely used in the production of critical components such as liquid tanks due to their advantages of light weight, high strength, and good corrosion resistance. These liquid tanks are relatively large, requiring individual aluminum plates to be over 30 meters long. However, due to limitations in specialized equipment and transportation costs, the length of a single aluminum plate generally does not exceed 6 meters. Therefore, multiple aluminum plates need to be spliced ​​together into a single plate before processing.

[0003] A search revealed that patent application CN121201313A discloses a production line system for constructing a type B cabin mid-assembly sheet, which includes a sequentially connected feeding unit, a laser cleaning and scribing unit, a friction stir welding assembly unit, a radiographic inspection unit, an assembly and welding unit, and a unloading unit. The mid-assembly sheet includes a base plate, ribs, T-rows, and elbow plates. The T-rows and ribs are vertically fixed to the surface of the base plate. Multiple T-rows are arranged along a first direction, and multiple ribs are arranged along a second direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, and the ribs intersect the T-rows perpendicularly. The bottom edge of the ribs has slots for the T-rows to pass through.

[0004] The assembly process for the base plate of this production line is as follows: First, the base plate sheets are hoisted onto the production line one by one through the loading unit; then, they enter the laser cleaning and marking unit for weld cleaning and grinding, as well as marking of installation lines and indicator lines; next, the base plate sheets are joined together one by one in a set sequence through the friction stir welding assembly unit to form the base plate of the middle assembly piece; after the butt welds of the base plate pass the radiographic inspection unit, they are transferred to the assembly and welding unit. This unit is equipped with a T-row buffer area and a rib plate buffer area, which can accurately position and assemble the T-rows and rib plates according to the marking positions, and complete the arc welding of the fillet welds; finally, the entire middle assembly piece is unloaded through the unloading unit.

[0005] Taking the processing flow of the aforementioned base plate as an example, the base plate needs to be pre-processed by the laser cleaning and scribing unit in the system. This unit includes a first roller conveyor, a wire brush grinding device, and a cleaning and scribing main unit. The process is as follows: the first roller conveyor transports and roughly positions the base plate, followed by longitudinal and transverse positioning. After longitudinal and transverse positioning, the base plate is fixed by a pneumatic pressure arm device, and then the wire brush grinding device grinds the area of ​​the base plate to be welded.

[0006] Since the aforementioned system does not disclose in detail the specific structure and installation location of the longitudinal and transverse positioning components for the base plate, those skilled in the art will assume it is a conventional positioning design. To clearly analyze the deficiencies, this is combined with the conventional design structure of this unit (see...).Figure 1 (Top view diagram) For further explanation: In the diagram, p is the first roller conveyor line, responsible for conveying and coarse positioning of the sheet metal; n is the wire brush grinding device, which performs weld bead grinding operations; m is the cleaning and scribing main unit, which completes laser cleaning and scribing operations; for clarity, the longitudinal and transverse positioning applied to the base plate sheet metal is defined and represented by the X and Y directions, specifically pointing to... Figure 1 The text appears to be a mix of Chinese characters and symbols, possibly representing a corrupted or incomplete translation. A direct translation wouldn't be However, the above system only provides a theoretical description of the positioning operation of the X-axis and Y-axis positioning components. Whether their actual operation is compatible with the system is questionable. For example, from a conventional design perspective, the X-axis positioning component can be directly installed on the X-axis side of the first roller conveyor, which is simple in structure, does not occupy internal space, and will not interfere with the operation of other equipment. However, the first roller conveyor consists of multiple closely arranged rotating rollers, and the gaps between the rollers are extremely limited. Conventional Y-axis positioning components can only be installed within the narrow gaps between adjacent rotating rollers. During operation, the X-axis and Y-axis positioning components abut against the sides of the plate to achieve complete positioning in the horizontal plane. In the above system, the Y-axis positioning component is installed within the gap of the roller conveyor, and its position precisely interferes with the working path of the wire brush grinding device. In actual operation, the wire brush grinding device needs to move along the weld direction for grinding, but the Y-axis positioning component will block its movement trajectory, causing the grinding device to be unable to move normally and complete the grinding operation of the area to be welded, directly affecting the subsequent welding quality and restricting the practical application and feasibility of the production line. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in the prior art by proposing a fully automatic friction stir welding production system for large plates. By optimizing the XY-axis positioning component of the workpiece, it can not only have the function of positioning and stopping, but also adaptively avoid the grinding component, so as to realize the time-sequential coordinated operation of the two.

[0008] To address the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A fully automated friction stir welding production system for large plates, comprising oxide film removal and scribing units and FSW assembly units arranged sequentially. The oxide film removal and scribing unit includes a first power roller conveyor, a positioning block located at the tail end of the first power roller conveyor, and a polishing assembly located beside the tail end of the first power roller conveyor and capable of reciprocating along the Y direction. The first power roller conveyor is provided with a drive assembly, which is used to drive the positioning block to achieve position switching, so that the positioning block has a high positioning state that extends above the roller surface of the first power roller conveyor and a low avoidance state that retracts to the oblique lower side of the roller surface of the first power roller conveyor. The positioning blocks are configured as multiple sets arranged along the Y direction, and the movement path of the grinding component coincides with the arrangement line of the multiple sets of positioning blocks, so that when the grinding component performs grinding operations along the Y direction, the positioning block on the next movement path of the grinding component switches from a high positioning state to a low avoidance state.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention: a limiting structure is provided on the side of the first power roller conveyor along the X direction, and the positioning block is movably mounted on the limiting structure via a transfer plate, so that when the driving component drives the transfer plate to move along a preset trajectory on the limiting structure, the positioning block switches between a high positioning state and a low avoidance state.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the limiting structure includes a guide plate, the guide plate is disposed on the side of the first power roller conveyor along the X direction, the guide plate is provided with a horizontal groove arranged along the X direction and a vertical groove arranged along the vertical direction, and the vertical groove is located between the horizontal groove and the tail end of the first power roller conveyor and is located obliquely above the horizontal groove. The near ends of the vertical groove and the horizontal groove are connected by an arc groove, and the vertical groove, the arc groove and the horizontal groove together form a limiting channel; The positioning block is installed on the limiting channel via an adapter plate, and one end of the adapter plate can move within the limiting channel. When one end of the adapter plate is in the vertical slot position, the positioning block is in the high positioning state; When one end of the adapter plate is in the horizontal groove position, the positioning block is in a low clearance state.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention: one end of the adapter plate is provided with a pin that can be inserted into the limiting channel, and the pin can slide within the limiting channel to realize the movement of one end of the adapter plate within the limiting channel.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the positioning block is fixedly disposed on the other end of the adapter plate, and a clamping drive source is fixedly disposed on the other end of the adapter plate. The execution end of the clamping drive source is provided with a clamping block, so that when the positioning block is in a high positioning state and stops and limits the workpiece, the clamping block can apply a clamping action to the workpiece.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: the driving assembly includes a linear drive source hinged to the side of the first power roller conveyor along the X direction, and the execution end of the linear drive source is hinged to one end of the adapter plate provided with a pin.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: the oxide film removal and scribing unit further includes a limiting block disposed on the X-direction side of the first power roller conveyor, and the limiting block can move up and down in the vertical direction, so that the limiting block has a high limiting state above the roller surface of the first power roller conveyor and a low clearance state below the roller surface of the first power roller conveyor.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention: a lifting drive source and a guide sleeve are fixedly arranged on the side of the first power roller conveyor along the X direction, and the guide sleeve is located above the lifting drive source. The execution end of the lifting drive source can pass through the guide sleeve from bottom to top. The limiting block is fixedly installed on the execution end of the lifting drive source, and a roller is arranged on the side of the limiting block facing the workpiece.

[0016] As a further aspect of the present invention: the oxide film removal and scribing unit further includes a cleaning gantry frame spanning above the first power roller conveyor. A first track plate is slidably arranged on the cleaning gantry frame along the Y direction, and the first track plate is arranged along the vertical direction. A second track plate is slidably arranged on the first track plate along the vertical direction. A carrier plate is slidably arranged on the second track plate along the X direction. A vision camera, a laser cleaning head, and an inkjet scribing head are arranged on the carrier plate. The laser cleaning head and the inkjet scribing head are jointly mounted on the bottom end of the rotating shaft on the carrier plate. A rotation drive source for driving the rotating shaft to rotate is provided on the carrier plate.

[0017] As a further aspect of the present invention: the FSW panel unit includes a transition power roller connected downstream of the first power roller, a second power roller connected downstream of the transition power roller, and a friction stir welding gantry main unit spanning above the second power roller. The friction stir welding gantry main unit is provided with a welding head that can move along the Y direction, and the friction stir welding gantry main unit is provided with a piano key clamping mechanism for clamping the workpiece.

[0018] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the piano key clamping mechanism includes a slide table that is slidably mounted on the friction stir welding gantry host in the vertical direction, and a primary drive source that is set on the friction stir welding gantry host and drives the slide table to slide. The bottom end and the side part of the slide table are respectively hinged to a pressure rod and a secondary drive source, and the execution end of the secondary drive source is hinged to the middle part of the pressure rod.

[0019] As a further aspect of the present invention: the second power roller conveyor is composed of two sets of lifting components connected along the X direction, and the two lifting components are respectively located on both sides of the welding head; The lifting assembly includes a support base, on which a support platform and a lifting platform are provided. The lifting platform can move up and down in the vertical direction to allow the lifting platform to have three working conditions: higher than the support platform, lower than the support platform, and level with the support platform.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By sequentially connecting the oxide film removal unit, scribing unit, and FSW panel assembly unit, a fully automated production line from workpiece surface pretreatment to friction stir welding was constructed, improving the continuity and efficiency of large workpiece welding production.

[0021] Specifically: In the oxide film removal and scribing unit, the positioning block set at the tail end of the first power roller conveyor can accurately stop and position the workpiece in a high positioning state, ensuring the consistency of the position reference when the grinding component performs grinding operations along the Y direction; when the grinding component moves along the motion path, the positioning block on its next motion path can automatically switch from a high positioning state to a low avoidance state, thereby effectively avoiding motion interference between the grinding component and the positioning block. This not only ensures the continuity and integrity of the grinding operation, but also realizes the timing coordination of positioning and avoidance, so that the workpiece can be automatically positioned and ground without manual intervention, which greatly improves the automation level and operational reliability of the production line.

[0022] 2. By movably mounting the positioning block onto the limiting structure on the side of the first power roller conveyor via a transfer plate, the space on the side of the roller conveyor is fully utilized without affecting the conveying of the workpiece above the roller conveyor, achieving stable switching between the positioning block in a high positioning state and a low clearance state. Simultaneously, the drive assembly drives the transfer plate to move along a preset trajectory, ensuring that the positioning block's state switching action has a definite movement path and precise positioning control, avoiding the jamming or inaccurate positioning problems that may occur with traditional lifting positioning mechanisms.

[0023] 3. By creating horizontal and vertical grooves and an arc-shaped groove connecting them on the guide plate, a continuous limiting channel is formed, providing trajectory constraints for the movement of the adapter plate. Specifically: when one end of the adapter plate is in the vertical groove position, the positioning block is in a high positioning state, which can form a stable stop and limit on the workpiece; when one end of the adapter plate slides along the arc-shaped groove to the horizontal groove position, the positioning block switches to a low clearance state and retracts below the roller surface, making room for the passing of the grinding components. This groove structure is ingeniously designed, using the arc-shaped groove to achieve a smooth transition between the high positioning state and the low clearance state, ensuring both the lifting height of the positioning block in the vertical direction and the clearance displacement in the horizontal direction. The structure is simple and reliable, and the state switching can be completed without complex electrical control, reducing manufacturing costs and control difficulty.

[0024] 4. The positioning block integrates a clamping drive source and a clamping block. When the positioning block is in a high-positioning state to stop and limit the workpiece, the clamping block, driven by the clamping drive source, applies a clamping action to the workpiece, realizing the coordinated action of "positioning first, then clamping". This structure ensures that the workpiece is reliably fixed during the grinding process, avoiding displacement or vibration caused by grinding force, thus ensuring the uniformity and consistency of oxide film removal. Simultaneously, integrating positioning and clamping functions into the same component simplifies the equipment structure, reduces space occupation, and lowers equipment manufacturing costs.

[0025] 5. A vertically movable limiting block is installed on the side of the first power roller conveyor. This limiting block can laterally limit the workpiece in the high-limit state, forming a two-dimensional positioning system for the workpiece in the X and Y directions together with the positioning block at the tail end, ensuring the stability of the workpiece's posture before grinding. When the guide block on the workpiece moves upstream of the limiting block, the limiting block can switch to a low-avoidance state and retract below the roller surface, without affecting the smooth conveying of the workpiece.

[0026] 6. A three-dimensional, freely movable work platform is constructed by using a spanning cleaning gantry and a first track plate, a second track plate, and a carrying plate that slide sequentially along the Y, vertical, and X directions. This allows the vision camera, laser cleaning head, and inkjet scribing head to precisely reach any position on the workpiece's surface. The vision camera can identify the workpiece's contour and surface condition in real time, guiding the laser cleaning head to efficiently remove the oxide film and controlling the inkjet scribing head to accurately mark the welding path. A rotary drive source rotates the laser cleaning head and inkjet scribing head as a whole, enabling them to adaptively adjust their posture according to the work direction, ensuring the directionality and flexibility of cleaning and scribing. This integrated design combines visual recognition, laser cleaning, and inkjet scribing into a single execution end, significantly improving the automation level and operational accuracy of the pre-processing unit.

[0027] 7. The sequential connection of the transition power roller conveyor and the second power roller conveyor enables efficient conveying of pre-treated workpieces to the friction stir welding station. The piano key clamping mechanism installed on the friction stir welding gantry machine provides uniform and reliable clamping force to large workpieces, effectively suppressing warping deformation of the workpiece caused by heat input during welding, and ensuring the consistency of weld joint quality.

[0028] 8. The slide table is raised and lowered as a whole by a primary drive source, achieving overall height adjustment of the piano key clamping mechanism to meet the clamping requirements of the workpiece. Simultaneously, the pressure rod is driven by a secondary drive source to swing around its hinge point with the slide table, allowing the end of the pressure rod to apply appropriate clamping force to the workpiece surface. This two-stage drive structure provides the pressure rod with a large stroke adjustment range and flexible clamping angle, adapting to minor unevenness on the workpiece surface and achieving uniform clamping.

[0029] 9. By designing the second power roller conveyor as two independent lifting components and arranging them on both sides of the welding head, the lifting and lowering adjustment of different areas of the workpiece can be provided before the welding process, ensuring that the two workpieces remain stable during friction stir welding, reducing welding deformation, and thus improving the weld quality. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Figure 1This is a top view schematic diagram of a laser cleaning and scribing unit in the prior art; Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the oxide film removal and scribing unit and FSW panel unit of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view structural diagram of the oxide film removal and scribing unit and the FSW panel unit of the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A front view schematic diagram of the structure of the oxide film and the scribing unit; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the feeding power roller conveyor and the first power roller conveyor in this invention; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 7 yes Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lifting drive source and limiting block in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the limiting structure and positioning block in this invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the limiting structure and positioning block in this invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the feeding power roller conveyor, the first power roller conveyor, and the transition power roller conveyor in this invention. Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first power roller conveyor and the cleaning gantry in this invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cleaning gantry frame in this invention; Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the vision camera, laser cleaning head, and inkjet scribing head in this invention. Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the FSW panel unit in this invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the FSW panel unit in this invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 17 This is a front view structural diagram of the FSW panel unit in this invention; Figure 18 This is a front view schematic diagram of the irregularly shaped plate material disposed on the power roller conveyor in this invention; Figure 19This is a front view schematic diagram of the irregularly shaped plate material disposed on the lifting component in this invention; Figure 20 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the two sets of lifting components and the piano key pressing mechanism in this invention; Figure 21 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lifting component in this invention.

[0032] In the diagram: p, first roller conveyor; m, cleaning and marking main unit; n, wire brush grinding device; 1. Oxide film removal and scribing unit; 101. First power roller conveyor; 102. Positioning block; 2. FSW panel assembly unit; 201. Transition power roller conveyor; 202. Second power roller conveyor; 203. Friction stir welding gantry main unit; 204. Welding head; 205. Slide table; 206. Primary drive source; 207. Pressure bar; 208. Secondary drive source; 209. Pressure block; 3. Grinding assembly; 4. Adapter plate; 5. Guide plate; 501. Horizontal groove; 502. Vertical groove; 503. Arc groove; 6. Pin; 7. Pressing drive source; 8. Pressing block; 9. Linear drive source; 10. Limiting block; 11. Lifting 12. Drive source; 13. Guide sleeve; 14. Roller; 15. Cleaning gantry; 16. First track plate; 17. Second track plate; 18. Carrier plate; 19. Rotary shaft; 20. Vision camera; 21. Laser cleaning head; 22. Inkjet scribing head; 23. Rotary drive source; 24. Loading power roller conveyor; 25. Unloading power roller conveyor; 26. Supplementary light; 27. Lifting assembly; 28. Bearing seat; 29. ​​Support platform; 20. Lifting platform; 21. Adjustment drive source; 22. Pad; 23. Auxiliary bracket; 24. Universal ball; a. Workpiece; b. Irregularly shaped sheet metal. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] like Figures 2-4 As shown, a large-scale fully automated friction stir welding production system for sheet metal includes a feeding unit, an oxide film removal and marking unit 1, an FSW panel assembly unit 2, and an unloading unit arranged sequentially.

[0035] In operation, the first workpiece 'a' is hoisted to the loading unit by a gantry robot and then conveyed to the oxide film removal and scribing unit 1. The oxide film removal and scribing unit 1 performs laser cleaning, inkjet scribing, and grinding to remove the oxide film. After processing, workpiece 'a' is conveyed to the FSW panel unit 2 and positioned to the right of the welding head 204 within the FSW panel unit 2. Then, the second workpiece 'a' is conveyed again until workpiece 'a' arrives at the FSW panel unit 2 after being processed by the oxide film removal and scribing unit 1, and finally positioned at the welding head within the FSW panel unit 2. On the left side of 204, the adjacent sides of the second workpiece a and the first workpiece a are now in a butt-joint state. Then, friction stir welding is performed using the welding head 204, which can move along the butt weld direction. Once the two are welded into a whole, they can continue to be conveyed and moved until the side of the whole is located on the right side of the welding head 204. Then, the third workpiece a is conveyed to the designated position and welded to the aforementioned whole. This process is repeated to connect multiple workpieces a to form a whole plate of corresponding length and width. The formed whole is finally unloaded and output through the unloading unit.

[0036] In each of the above units, the conveying direction along the roller conveyor is defined as the X-axis, and the direction perpendicular to the conveying direction of the roller conveyor is defined as the Y-axis. Under this definition, the above units are described as follows: (1) Feeding unit: like Figure 5 and Figure 11 As shown, it includes a loading power roller conveyor 22 and a gantry robot. In use, workpiece a is piled up beside the loading power roller conveyor 22. Then, the gantry robot, which can reciprocate along the X-axis, moves to above workpiece a and grips it, pulling it to the roller surface of the loading power roller conveyor 22, thus completing the loading process for workpiece a. The finished loading state can be determined by... Figure 5 To represent it.

[0037] (2) Remove oxide film and scribing unit 1: like Figures 2-5 As shown, it includes a first power roller conveyor 101 and a positioning component disposed on the first power roller conveyor 101; wherein, the positioning component is configured in multiple sets and arranged along the Y direction, the first power roller conveyor 101 is connected to the tail end of the feeding power roller conveyor 22 and is used to receive workpiece a; the positioning component is used to position and stop the workpiece a on the first power roller conveyor 101 so that the workpiece a stops at the designated position of the first power roller conveyor 101, which facilitates subsequent laser cleaning, inkjet scribing and grinding film removal processes.

[0038] Specifically, the positioning component includes a drive component located on the X-direction side of the first power roller conveyor 101, a limiting structure located on the X-direction side of the first power roller conveyor 101, and a positioning block 102 located at the tail end of the first power roller conveyor 101. The positioning block 102 is movably mounted on the limiting structure via a transition plate 4. The drive component is used to drive the transition plate 4 to move along a preset trajectory on the limiting structure, so that when the transition plate 4 is in the corresponding position of the limiting structure, the positioning block 102 has at least two working states: a high positioning state extending above the roller surface of the first power roller conveyor 101 and a low avoidance state retracted to the oblique lower side of the roller surface of the first power roller conveyor 101.

[0039] Before workpiece a reaches the first power roller conveyor 101, multiple positioning blocks 102 located at the tail end of the first power roller conveyor 101 in the Y direction are pre-positioned in a high positioning state. The multiple positioning blocks 102 can jointly position and stop workpiece a on the first power roller conveyor 101, that is, they can achieve Y-direction side positioning of workpiece a. After subsequent laser cleaning, inkjet scribing and grinding film removal processes are completed, the multiple positioning blocks 102 are driven to change to a low clearance state, which can release the positioning stop and allow workpiece a to be conveyed along the next process.

[0040] like Figures 5-6 and Figures 9-10 As shown, for the design of the above-mentioned limiting structure, the limiting structure includes a guide plate 5, which is disposed on the side of the first power roller conveyor 101 along the X direction. The guide plate 5 has a horizontal groove 501 arranged along the X direction and a vertical groove 502 arranged along the vertical direction. The vertical groove 502 is located between the horizontal groove 501 and the tail end of the first power roller conveyor 101 and is located obliquely above the horizontal groove 501. The near ends of the vertical groove 502 and the horizontal groove 501 are connected by an arc groove 503, and the vertical groove 502, the arc groove 503 and the horizontal groove 501 together form a limiting channel. The positioning block 102 is installed on the limiting channel through a transition plate 4, and one end of the transition plate 4 can move within the limiting channel, that is, this end of the transition plate 4 can move at any point within the vertical groove 502, the arc groove 503 and the horizontal groove 501.

[0041] Specifically, one end of the adapter plate 4 is provided with a pin 6 that can be inserted into the limiting channel, and the pin 6 can slide within the limiting channel to realize the movement of one end of the adapter plate 4 within the limiting channel.

[0042] With Figure 6 Compatible with perspective Figure 9In this state, the pin 6 is located in the vertical groove 502, and the positioning block 102 is located above the roller surface of the first power roller conveyor 101, which is used to position and stop the Y-direction side of the workpiece a. When it is necessary to release the positioning stop, the pin 6 can be driven to slide down the vertical groove 502 to the arc groove 503, and finally move to the left end of the horizontal groove 501. During this process, the positioning block 102 descends and moves horizontally to the left. The descent action of the positioning block 102 is used to be lower than the bottom surface of the workpiece a to release the positioning stop on the workpiece a, while the horizontal leftward movement of the positioning block 102 is used to avoid the subsequent grinding and film removal process.

[0043] Regarding the design of the aforementioned drive assembly, this application includes a linear drive source 9 movably disposed on the X-direction side of the first power roller conveyor 101, and the execution end of the linear drive source 9 is hinged to one end of the adapter plate 4 where a pin 6 is provided. During operation, the linear drive source 9 itself can move adaptively.

[0044] like Figure 5 and Figures 7-8 As shown, in order to stably position the workpiece a on the first power roller conveyor 101, this application also provides a limiting block 10 on the side of the first power roller conveyor 101 along the X direction. A roller 13 is provided on the side of the limiting block facing the workpiece a. The limiting block 10 can move up and down vertically, so that the limiting block 10 has a high-limit state above the roller surface of the first power roller conveyor 101 and a low-avoidance state below the roller surface of the first power roller conveyor 101. During the process of conveying the workpiece a from the loading power roller conveyor 22 to the first power roller conveyor 101, the limiting block 10 is in the high-limit state, and the roller 13 on it rolls in contact with the side of the workpiece a, achieving X-direction side limiting of the workpiece a. During this conveying process, if the receiving block on the workpiece a interferes with the high-limit state of the limiting block 10, the limiting block 10 needs to descend to avoid interference. After the receiving block moves with the workpiece a to the downstream position of the limiting block 10, the limiting block 10 rises again to apply the limiting effect.

[0045] Specifically, in order to realize the lifting action of the limit block 10, this application has a lifting drive source 11 and a guide sleeve 12 fixedly arranged on the side of the first power roller conveyor 101 along the X direction, and the guide sleeve 12 is located above the lifting drive source 11. The execution end of the lifting drive source 11 can pass through the guide sleeve 12 from bottom to top, and the limit block 10 is fixedly installed on the execution end of the lifting drive source 11.

[0046] Furthermore, such as Figures 9-10As shown, in order to press the workpiece a after the positioning block 102 and the limiting block 10 are positioned along the XY direction, this application has a pressing drive source 7 fixedly installed on the adapter plate 4. The execution end of the pressing drive source 7 is provided with a pressing block 8 so that when the positioning block 102 is in a high positioning state and stops and limits the workpiece a, the pressing block 8 can apply a pressing action to the workpiece a, so as to realize the pressing and holding of the workpiece a on the first power roller 101.

[0047] Preferably, the clamping action of the clamping block 8 is set to a rotational form, so as to... Figure 9 As shown, in this high positioning state, the clamping block 8 can be driven to rotate counterclockwise until the clamping block 8 clamps the workpiece a. Based on the integration of the positioning block 102 and the clamping block 8 at the same end of the adapter plate 4, the rotational operation of the clamping block 8 can further reduce the space occupied and volume.

[0048] In summary, this application achieves XY-axis positioning of workpiece a through a specific structure, ensuring that the position of workpiece a on the first power roller conveyor 101 remains stable and accurate. This greatly facilitates subsequent laser cleaning, inkjet scribing, and grinding and film removal processes, thereby improving production quality and efficiency.

[0049] For the laser cleaning and inkjet scribing process: in addition to the oxide film and scribing unit 1, a cleaning gantry 14 is also included, which is straddling the first power roller conveyor 101. The cleaning gantry 14 is arranged along the Y direction, and a first track plate 15 is slidably mounted on it along the Y direction. The first track plate 15 itself is arranged along the vertical direction. Figure 13 As shown, the vertical direction is defined as the Z-direction. If... Figure 5 Taking the workpiece size shown as an example, the width direction of workpiece a is X-direction and the length direction is Y-direction. At this time, the first track plate 15 can move along the length direction of workpiece a.

[0050] Furthermore, such as Figures 12-14 As shown, in this application, a second track plate 16 is slidably mounted on the first track plate 15 along its length direction (i.e., vertical direction). The second track plate 16 is horizontally arranged along the X direction, and a carrier plate 17 is slidably mounted on the second track plate 16 along its length direction (i.e., X direction). The carrier plate 17 can move along the width direction of the workpiece a. A vision camera 18 and a supplementary light 24 for illuminating the vision camera 18 are provided on the carrier plate 17. At the same time, a rotating shaft 1701 is rotatably arranged on the carrier plate 17. The rotating shaft 1701 is arranged along the vertical direction. A laser cleaning head 19 and an inkjet scribing head 20 are fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the rotating shaft 1701. A rotation drive source 21 for driving the rotating shaft 1701 to rotate is also provided on the carrier plate 17.

[0051] After workpiece a is conveyed from the feeding power roller conveyor 22 to the first power roller conveyor 101, and positioned in the XY direction by the positioning block 102 and the limiting block 10, and pressed and held by the clamping block 8, the laser cleaning head 19 and the inkjet scribing head 20 can be driven to clean and scribing workpiece a in sequence under the joint three-dimensional motion design of the first track plate 15, the second track plate 16 and the carrier plate 17. At the same time, the design of the rotating shaft 1701 allows the work positions of the laser cleaning head 19 and the inkjet scribing head 20 to be switched to each other to improve processing efficiency.

[0052] It should be noted that the position detection during the processing of workpiece a can be a conventional design in the existing technology. This paper proposes a visual positioning scheme as follows: Two sets of vision cameras 18 are selected. One set of vision cameras 18 is fixed in position to take pictures and detect one corner point of workpiece a. The other set of vision cameras 18 is moved to the required area by a truss to take pictures and detect. The fixed-position vision camera 18 detects the first corner point position. The vision system then automatically locates the position of workpiece a and drives the truss to move the other set of vision cameras 18 to other corner point positions to take pictures, and calculates the coordinates of workpiece a.

[0053] For the grinding and film removal process: the oxide film removal and scribing unit 2 also includes a grinding component 3 located beside the tail end of the first power roller conveyor 101 and capable of reciprocating along the Y direction. Due to the needs of the production line, other roller conveyors are also connected to the tail end of the first power roller conveyor 101. Therefore, the grinding component 3 is located between the first power roller conveyor 101 and other roller conveyors. To avoid a large distance between adjacent roller conveyors, the movement path of the grinding component 3 is aligned with the arrangement of multiple sets of positioning blocks 102, thereby reducing the distance between adjacent roller conveyors. It should be noted that the grinding component 3 is a conventional design in the prior art, which can move between two sets of adjacent roller conveyors by means of a slide rail.

[0054] With the movement path of the grinding component 3 coinciding with the arrangement of multiple positioning blocks 102, in order not to interfere with the movement of the grinding component 3, the guide plate 5 is provided with a horizontal groove 501 arranged horizontally. After the pin 6 moves down in the vertical groove 502, it can also move to the left in the horizontal groove 501, so that the positioning block 102 and the clamping block 8 move to the left together, thereby avoiding the movement of the grinding component 3.

[0055] Before the laser cleaning and inkjet scribing processes, the position of workpiece a is limited by multiple sets of positioning blocks 102 and multiple sets of limiting blocks 10 on the first power roller conveyor 101. Then, the laser cleaning and inkjet scribing processes can be carried out. After the process is completed, the workpiece a can be subjected to subsequent grinding and film removal processes along the Y-direction side. Specifically, before grinding, the multiple sets of positioning blocks 102 are in a high positioning state. Then, the grinding component 3 is started and moves along its movement trajectory. During the movement, the positioning block 102 located on the next path of the grinding component 3 will change from a high positioning state to a low clearance state so as not to interfere with the movement of the grinding component 3. When the grinding component 3 moves to the downstream position of the positioning block 102, it will change from a low clearance state to a high positioning state.

[0056] (3) FSW panel unit 2: Combination Figure 3 , Figure 11 , Figures 15-17 As shown, the FSW panel unit 2 includes a transition power roller conveyor 201 connected downstream of the first power roller conveyor 101, a second power roller conveyor 202 connected downstream of the transition power roller conveyor 201, and a friction stir welding gantry main unit 203 spanning above the second power roller conveyor 202. The friction stir welding gantry main unit 203 is equipped with a welding head 204 that can move along the Y direction, and a key-shaped clamping mechanism for clamping the workpiece a. After the workpiece a completes the laser cleaning, inkjet scribing, and grinding film removal processes on the first power roller conveyor 101, it can be conveyed to the transition power roller conveyor 201. Then, it is clamped and conveyed to the designated position on the second power roller conveyor 202 by a feeding trolley that can reciprocate along the X direction on the transition power roller conveyor 201.

[0057] It should be noted that in the conventional method of conveying workpiece a using roller conveyors, workpiece a is prone to deviation. If related limiting components are added to the roller conveyor, not only will the space conditions not be met, but the cost will also increase. Therefore, a feeding trolley that moves back and forth along the X direction is used here to clamp and convey workpiece a. This application uses a conveying method in which a second powered roller conveyor 202 cooperates with the feeding trolley. The second powered roller conveyor 202 itself does not have a powered conveying function. It mainly relies on the feeding trolleys located at its first and last ends for feeding. This part of the second powered roller conveyor 202 mainly serves to support the welding position and follow up during feeding.

[0058] When the adjacent sides of two sets of workpieces a are in a docking state on the second power roller conveyor 202 and below the welding head 204, the two sets of workpieces a are pre-pressed by the key clamping mechanism to keep the docking state of the two sets of workpieces a stable, and then the welding process is carried out by the welding head 204 which can reciprocate along the Y direction.

[0059] The aforementioned piano key pressing mechanism includes a slide table 205 that is slidably mounted on the friction stir welding gantry host 203 along the vertical direction, and a primary drive source 206 that is mounted on the friction stir welding gantry host 203 and drives the slide table 205 to slide. The bottom and side of the slide table 205 are respectively hinged to a pressure rod 207 and a secondary drive source 208, and the execution end of the secondary drive source 208 is hinged to the middle part of the pressure rod 207.

[0060] When the key-pressing mechanism needs to press workpiece a, the first-stage drive source 206 is activated, causing its actuator to drive the slide 205 to descend. Once the slide 205 reaches the designated position, the second-stage drive source 208 is activated, causing its actuator to drive the pressure rod 207 to swing until it presses against the upper surface of workpiece a, thus pressing workpiece a and facilitating stable subsequent welding operations. Through the combined design of the first-stage drive source 206 and the second-stage drive source 208, even in a space-constrained layout, the pressure rod 207 can press or release workpiece a using only the lifting and lowering motion of the slide 205 and its own small swinging motion.

[0061] Furthermore, when the workpiece a to be welded is an irregular structure with varying thicknesses along the X direction, for example... Figure 18 The irregularly shaped sheet material b shown has a thickness at its left end that is smaller than its thickness at its right end. During the conveying process of this sheet material b on the power roller conveyor, its conveying state can be changed from... Figure 18 This is used to represent the process; however, when the irregularly shaped plate b moves to the FSW panel unit 2 and needs to be welded, the upper surface of the irregularly shaped plate b needs to be kept horizontal in order to achieve the docking between the two irregularly shaped plates b.

[0062] Therefore, in combination Figure 3 , Figure 20 As shown, the second power roller conveyor 202 consists of two sets of horizontally arranged lifting components 25. The two sets of lifting components 25 are connected along the X direction, and the two sets of lifting components 25 are located on both sides of the welding head 204; or in other words, the original second power roller conveyor 202 can be replaced by the two sets of lifting components 25; the following explanation uses the lifting component 25 located on the right side as an example: like Figure 21 As shown, the lifting assembly 25 includes a support base 2501. A support platform 2502 and a lifting platform 2503 are arranged sequentially along the X direction on the support base 2501. The lifting platform 2503 can move up and down in the vertical direction. The lifting platform 2503 has a first working condition that is higher than the support platform 2502, a second working condition that is flush with the support platform 2502, and a third working condition that is lower than the support platform 2502. An adjustment drive source 2504 is fixedly installed on the support base 2501. The execution end of the adjustment drive source 2504 is fixedly connected to the lifting platform 2503 to drive the lifting platform 2503 to perform corresponding lifting and lowering actions.

[0063] when Figure 18 The irregularly shaped sheet material b shown is conveyed to the lifting assembly (still using...) Figure 21 (Taking the shown perspective as an example) At 25 degrees, the final state is: the left end of the irregularly shaped plate b overlaps the support platform 2502, and the right end of the irregularly shaped plate b overlaps the lifting platform 2503. At this time, the lifting platform 2503 can be driven downward by adjusting the drive source 2504, thereby driving the right end of the irregularly shaped plate b downward accordingly, until the upper surface of the irregularly shaped plate b is horizontal. This state can be achieved by... Figure 19 To represent it.

[0064] It should be noted that the lifting action of the lifting platform 2503 is adapted to the shape of workpiece a, and its lifting action is not unique. Figure 18 Under the shape of the irregularly shaped sheet material b shown, the lifting platform 2503 moves downward.

[0065] To ensure high stability of the shaped sheet material b during welding, this application provides a pad 2505 on the top of the support platform 2502. Correspondingly, a pressure block 209 is also fixedly provided at the bottom of the pressure rod 207, forming an adjustable pressing area between the pressure block 209 and the pad 2505. When the shaped sheet material b is in... Figure 19 In the state shown, the pressure block 209 can descend to press the top of the irregularly shaped sheet material b.

[0066] In order to ensure that the irregularly shaped sheet material b can be smoothly transported, this application also fixes several sets of auxiliary supports 2506 on the support body 2501. The top of the auxiliary supports 2506 is provided with multiple universal balls 2507 or rollers along the Y direction; of course, multiple evenly arranged universal balls 2507 or rollers can also be provided on the top of the lifting platform 2503 at the same time.

[0067] Furthermore, the welding head 204 adopts upper and lower double welding heads distributed along the vertical direction.

[0068] (4) Feeding unit: like Figures 2-3 As shown, it includes a discharge power roller 23 connected to the tail end of the second power roller 202. The discharge power roller 23 is used to transport and discharge the workpiece a after it has been processed by the FSW panel unit 2.

[0069] It should be noted that the power roller conveyors described in various parts of this application can be either self-driven or have external drive components such as feeding trolleys added to them. This is prior art, and will not be elaborated upon here to avoid unnecessary detail. Furthermore, the drive source described in various parts of this application can be adaptably selected as a cylinder, oil cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, electric telescopic rod, motor, etc.

[0070] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of the present invention, but this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should still fall within the patent coverage of this invention.

Claims

1. A fully automated friction stir welding production system for large-scale sheet metal, characterized in that, It includes the oxide film and scribing unit (1) and the FSW panel unit (2) that are connected in sequence. The oxide film removal and scribing unit (1) includes a first power roller conveyor (101), a positioning block (102) located at the tail end of the first power roller conveyor (101), and a polishing component (3) located on the side of the tail end of the first power roller conveyor (101) and capable of reciprocating along the Y direction. A drive assembly is provided on the first power roller conveyor (101), and the drive assembly is used to drive the positioning block (102) to achieve position switching, so that the positioning block (102) has a high positioning state that extends above the roller surface of the first power roller conveyor (101) and a low avoidance state that retracts to the oblique lower side of the roller surface of the first power roller conveyor (101); The positioning blocks (102) are arranged in multiple groups along the Y direction, and the movement path of the grinding component (3) coincides with the arrangement line of the multiple groups of positioning blocks (102), so that when the grinding component (3) performs grinding operation along the Y direction, the positioning block (102) on the next movement path of the grinding component (3) switches from a high positioning state to a low avoidance state.

2. The large-scale fully automated friction stir welding production system for plates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first power roller conveyor (101) has a limit structure on its side along the X direction. The positioning block (102) is movably mounted on the limit structure via the adapter plate (4) so ​​that when the drive assembly drives the adapter plate (4) to move along a preset trajectory on the limit structure, the positioning block (102) switches between a high positioning state and a low avoidance state.

3. The large-scale fully automated friction stir welding production system for plates according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting structure includes a guide plate (5), which is disposed on the side of the first power roller conveyor (101) along the X direction. The guide plate (5) has a horizontal groove (501) arranged along the X direction and a vertical groove (502) arranged along the vertical direction. The vertical groove (502) is located between the horizontal groove (501) and the tail end of the first power roller conveyor (101) and is located obliquely above the horizontal groove (501). The near ends of the vertical groove (502) and the horizontal groove (501) are connected by an arc groove (503). The vertical groove (502), the arc groove (503) and the horizontal groove (501) together form a limiting channel. The positioning block (102) is installed on the limiting channel via the adapter plate (4), and one end of the adapter plate (4) can move within the limiting channel; When one end of the adapter plate (4) is in the vertical groove (502) position, the positioning block (102) is in a high positioning state; When one end of the adapter plate (4) is in the horizontal groove (501) position, the positioning block (102) is in a low clearance state.

4. The large-scale fully automated friction stir welding production system for plates according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the adapter plate (4) is provided with a pin (6) that can be inserted into the limiting channel, and the pin (6) can slide in the limiting channel to realize the movement of one end of the adapter plate (4) in the limiting channel.

5. The large-scale fully automated friction stir welding production system for plates according to claim 4, characterized in that, The positioning block (102) is fixedly installed on the other end of the adapter plate (4), and the adapter plate (4) is fixedly installed with a clamping drive source (7). The execution end of the clamping drive source (7) is provided with a clamping block (8) so that when the positioning block (102) is in a high positioning state and stops and limits the workpiece (a), the clamping block (8) can apply a clamping action to the workpiece (a).

6. The large-scale fully automated friction stir welding production system for plates according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a linear drive source (9) hinged to the side of the first power roller conveyor (101) along the X direction, and the execution end of the linear drive source (9) is hinged to one end of the adapter plate (4) on which a pin (6) is provided.

7. The large-scale fully automated friction stir welding production system for plates according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The oxide film removal and scribing unit (1) further includes a limiting block (10) disposed on the X-direction side of the first power roller conveyor (101), and the limiting block (10) can move up and down in the vertical direction so that the limiting block (10) has a high limiting state above the roller surface of the first power roller conveyor (101) and a low clearance state below the roller surface of the first power roller conveyor (101).

8. The large-scale fully automated friction stir welding production system for plates according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first power roller conveyor (101) is fixedly provided with a lifting drive source (11) and a guide sleeve (12) on the side along the X direction, and the guide sleeve (12) is located above the lifting drive source (11). The execution end of the lifting drive source (11) can pass through the guide sleeve (12) from bottom to top. The limiting block (10) is fixedly installed on the execution end of the lifting drive source (11), and a roller (13) is provided on the side of the limiting block (10) facing the workpiece (a).

9. The large-scale fully automated friction stir welding production system for plates according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The oxide film removal and scribing unit (1) also includes a cleaning gantry (14) spanning above the first power roller conveyor (101). A first track plate (15) is slidably arranged on the cleaning gantry (14) along the Y direction, and the first track plate (15) is arranged along the vertical direction. A second track plate (16) is slidably arranged on the first track plate (15) along the vertical direction. A carrier plate (17) is slidably arranged on the second track plate (16) along the X direction. A vision camera (18), a laser cleaning head (19), and an inkjet scribing head (20) are arranged on the carrier plate (17). The laser cleaning head (19) and the inkjet scribing head (20) are jointly installed at the bottom end of a rotating shaft (1701) on the carrier plate (17). A rotation drive source (21) for driving the rotating shaft (1701) to rotate is arranged on the carrier plate (17).

10. The large-scale fully automated friction stir welding production system for plates according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The FSW panel assembly unit (2) includes a transition power roller (201) connected downstream of the first power roller (101), a second power roller (202) connected downstream of the transition power roller (201), and a friction stir welding gantry machine (203) spanning above the second power roller (202). The friction stir welding gantry machine (203) is provided with a welding head (204) that can move along the Y direction, and the friction stir welding gantry machine (203) is provided with a piano key clamping mechanism for clamping the workpiece (a).

11. The large-scale fully automated friction stir welding production system for plates according to claim 10, characterized in that, The key pressing mechanism includes a slide (205) that is slidably mounted on the friction stir welding gantry machine (203) along the vertical direction, and a primary drive source (206) that is set on the friction stir welding gantry machine (203) and drives the slide (205) to slide. The bottom end and side part of the slide (205) are respectively hinged to a pressure rod (207) and a secondary drive source (208), and the execution end of the secondary drive source (208) is hinged to the middle part of the pressure rod (207).

12. The large-scale fully automated friction stir welding production system for plates according to claim 11, characterized in that, The second power roller conveyor (202) is composed of two sets of lifting components (25) connected along the X direction, and the two lifting components (25) are located on both sides of the welding head (204); The lifting assembly (25) includes a support base (2501), on which a support platform (2502) and a lifting platform (2503) are provided. The lifting platform (2503) can move up and down in the vertical direction so that the lifting platform (2503) has three working conditions: higher than the support platform (2502), lower than the support platform (2502), and flush with the support platform (2502).

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