On-line detection and compensation device and method for machining error of thin-walled part
By using the air pump pressurization static pressure technology of the online detection and compensation device, the problems of thermal deformation and iron filings adhesion during the processing of thin-walled parts are solved, achieving high-precision detection and compensation and ensuring the processing quality of thin-walled parts.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- LANZHOU JIAOTONG UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
In the fields of aerospace, 3C electronics and precision molds, thin-walled parts are prone to thermal deformation and iron filings adhesion due to cutting heat during processing, resulting in large detection errors and low compensation accuracy, which cannot be effectively solved by existing technologies.
An online detection and compensation device is adopted, which uses an air pump to pressurize and create a uniform static pressure environment. The pressurized liquid eliminates the negative pressure adsorption and surface tension between iron filings and the workpiece, so as to realize the automatic detachment of iron filings. Combined with multiple sets of detection sensors, accurate detection and compensation grinding are performed.
It effectively eliminates the interference of iron filings on the inspection, improves the inspection accuracy and compensation accuracy, avoids high-pressure impact deformation, and ensures the processing quality of thin-walled parts.
Smart Images
Figure CN122142867A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of machining equipment technology, specifically, it relates to an online detection and compensation device and method for machining errors of thin-walled parts. Background Technology
[0002] In aerospace, 3C electronics, precision molds and other fields, thin-walled parts made of materials such as aluminum alloy and titanium alloy are widely used. These workpieces have thin walls (usually 0.1-3mm) and low rigidity. During milling and grinding, they are prone to thermal deformation due to cutting heat. At the same time, the iron filings generated during processing are easy to adhere to the workpiece surface, causing deviations in subsequent dimensional inspections, and ultimately affecting the machining accuracy and yield of the workpiece.
[0003] In existing technologies, when workpieces are processed and inspected in the air, the heat generated during cutting cannot be dissipated quickly, resulting in micron-level or even millimeter-level thermal deformation of the workpiece. The dimensional data obtained by the detection sensors contains a large amount of thermal deformation error, which cannot accurately reflect the processing error of the workpiece, and the compensation accuracy is extremely low. At the same time, the iron filings generated during processing are easily adhered to the workpiece surface due to static electricity and mechanical sticking. During detection, the iron filings may be misjudged as the workpiece body, resulting in distorted detection data, and even causing excessive compensation grinding and scrapping of the workpiece, which has certain shortcomings. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a machining apparatus that can overcome or at least partially solve the above problems.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an online detection and compensation device for machining errors of thin-walled parts, including a compensation grinding head, and further comprising:
[0006] The testing chamber is filled with cooling liquid and has an opening at the top. A sealing cap, which is slidably connected to the top of the testing chamber, is used to seal the opening at the top of the testing chamber; An insertion port, located on the sealing cover, is used to compensate for the insertion of the grinding head, allowing the compensation grinding head to enter the testing chamber; An adjustment component, installed inside the detection chamber, is used to place the workpiece to be detected and to move it; the adjustment component is located in the cooling liquid. An air pump, mounted on the sealing cover, is used to pressurize the test chamber. A pressure sensor, installed inside the detection box, is used to detect the water pressure of the cooling liquid; Multiple sets of detection sensors, which have positioning and detection functions, are installed at the bottom of the sealing cover to position and detect the workpiece on the adjustment assembly; By placing the workpiece on the adjustment assembly, then sealing the test chamber with the sealing cover, and inserting the compensating grinding head into the opening, the workpiece is continuously moved through the coordination of the adjustment assembly, the detection sensor, and the compensating grinding head to detect the surface of the workpiece. Then, the workpiece is ground by the compensating grinding head. During the grinding process, the air pump pressurizes the test chamber, thereby increasing the water pressure of the cooling liquid. By increasing the water pressure, the pressurized liquid can fully penetrate the microscopic gaps between the iron filings and the workpiece, making the pressure inside and outside the gaps more even and eliminating the negative pressure adsorption effect within the gaps. At the same time, the pressurized environment can eliminate the surface tension adhesion caused by the local gas-liquid interface and form a uniform static pressure water film on the contact surface between the iron filings and the workpiece, reducing the contact adhesion force. After losing the negative pressure adsorption and surface tension adsorption, the iron filings can automatically detach from the workpiece surface under their own gravity and the action of liquid static pressure, avoiding the impact of iron filings adhering to the workpiece and affecting the detection accuracy.
[0007] Furthermore, a liquid storage tank is installed on the side of the testing box, and a liquid replenishment pipe and a liquid suction pipe are installed on the liquid storage tank. Two sets of water pumps are installed inside the liquid storage tank and are connected to the liquid replenishment pipe and the liquid suction pipe respectively, for replenishing and drawing coolant into the testing box.
[0008] Furthermore, both the replenishment tube and the suction tube are equipped with solenoid valves.
[0009] Furthermore, a filter box is installed on the suction tube.
[0010] Furthermore, a lifting telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the testing box, and the lifting telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the sealing cover.
[0011] Furthermore, the sealing cover is provided with a sealing rubber ring at the insertion port. The sealing rubber ring is connected to the air outlet of the air pump and is used to contact the body of the compensating grinding head, thereby sealing the insertion port.
[0012] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes an upward telescopic cylinder, a left-right lateral telescopic cylinder, and a forward-backward lateral telescopic cylinder. The upward telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected inside the detection box, the left-right lateral telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the upward telescopic cylinder, and the forward-backward lateral telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the left-right lateral telescopic cylinder.
[0013] Furthermore, a placement plate is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the front and rear transverse telescopic cylinder, and locking bolts are threaded at the four corners of the placement plate to fix the corners of the workpiece.
[0014] Furthermore, a refrigeration unit is installed next to the testing box to cool the coolant.
[0015] A method for online detection and compensation of machining errors in thin-walled parts, used in an online detection and compensation device for machining errors in thin-walled parts, mainly includes the following operating steps: Step 1: Fix the workpiece to be processed onto the placement plate with locking bolts. The placement plate and the workpiece are immersed in the cooling liquid in the testing chamber. A sealed air cavity is reserved above the cooling liquid inside the testing chamber. Step 2: Control the lifting telescopic cylinder to move the sealing cover down. The sealing cover seals the top opening of the test box. The compensating grinding head passes through the inlet on the sealing cover and extends into the test box. The sealing rubber ring at the inlet fits against the body of the compensating grinding head to complete the sealing of the inlet. Step 3: Start the air pump to introduce compressed air into the air chamber at the top of the test chamber. The air pressurizes the cooling liquid inside the test chamber, creating a uniform static pressure environment for the cooling liquid. Step 4: The pressure inside the detection chamber is monitored in real time and kept constant by a pressure sensor. The pressurized cooling liquid seeps into the micro gaps between the iron filings and the workpiece, eliminating the adhesion of the iron filings. The iron filings detach from the workpiece surface under their own weight and the hydrostatic pressure of the liquid. Step 5: Using multiple sets of detection sensors at the bottom of the sealing cover, the workpiece immersed in the cooling liquid is positioned and its surface size error is detected to obtain workpiece processing error data; Step Six: Based on the detection error data, control the upward telescopic cylinder, left and right horizontal telescopic cylinder, and forward and backward horizontal telescopic cylinder of the adjustment component to drive the placement plate and the workpiece to perform three-dimensional displacement adjustment. Step 7: Adjust the component to move the workpiece to the corresponding position, and use the compensation grinding head to grind and compensate for the error areas on the workpiece surface. During the grinding process, maintain the pressure inside the detection box to prevent iron filings from adhering and interfering with the detection and compensation accuracy. Step 8: After the inspection and compensation work is completed, turn off the air pump and release the pressure in the inspection box. Control the lifting telescopic cylinder to move the sealing cover upward and open it. After loosening the locking bolts, take out the workpiece.
[0016] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: The present invention adopts an air-top liquid pressurization method, pressurizing the air cavity at the top of the detection box through an air pump, and using the static pressure of air to compress the water to form a uniform static pressure. At the same time, the pressurized water can fully penetrate into the micro gaps between the iron filings and the workpiece, eliminating the negative pressure adsorption and surface tension adhesion in the gaps, so that the iron filings automatically detach from the workpiece surface under their own weight and static pressure, eliminating the need for high-pressure chip removal, avoiding the impact deformation of thin-walled parts by high-pressure water flow, and solving the detection distortion problem caused by iron filings adhesion. Attached Figure Description
[0017] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the online detection and compensation device and method for machining errors of thin-walled parts proposed in this invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the online detection and compensation device and method for machining errors of thin-walled parts proposed in this invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the detection box in the online detection and compensation device and method for thin-walled part processing errors proposed in this invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the detection box in the online detection and compensation device and method for thin-walled part processing errors proposed in this invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 The present invention provides an online detection and compensation device and method for machining errors of thin-walled parts. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of part A; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment component in the online detection and compensation device and method for thin-walled part processing errors proposed in this invention.
[0018] In the diagram: 1. Compensating grinding head; 2. Detection box; 301. Sealing cover; 302. Lifting telescopic cylinder; 303. Inlet; 4. Liquid storage tank; 401. Liquid replenishment pipe; 402. Liquid suction pipe; 403. Filter box; 5. Refrigeration unit; 601. Upward telescopic cylinder; 602. Left and right horizontal telescopic cylinder; 603. Front and rear horizontal telescopic cylinder; 604. Placement plate; 605. Locking bolt; 701. Air pump; 702. Sealing rubber ring; 703. Pressure booster pipe; 801. Pressure sensor; 802. Detection sensor. Detailed Implementation
[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0020] Example: Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 A device and method for online detection and compensation of machining errors of thin-walled parts, wherein the device is an actuating component of a compensation grinding head 1; and is also equipped with a detection box 2, a sealing cover 301, an adjustment component, a hydraulic pressurization mechanism, and multiple sets of detection sensors 802.
[0021] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the testing box 2 is a rectangular rigid sealed box with an open top; the box is welded from 304 stainless steel, and the inner wall is treated with rust prevention and passivation; the testing box 2 is fixed to the machine tool worktable with bolts, and the inside is used to hold cooling liquid; a liquid storage tank 4 is set on the side of the testing box 2, and the liquid storage tank 4 is fixed side by side with the testing box 2 on the machine tool worktable; the liquid storage tank 4 is connected to the inside of the testing box 2 through a replenishment pipe 401 and a suction pipe 402; two sets of corrosion-resistant centrifugal pumps are set inside the liquid storage tank 4, and the two sets of centrifugal pumps correspond to the replenishment pipe 401 and the suction pipe 402 respectively. The connection is used to replenish and extract cooling liquid from the test chamber 2, respectively. Waterproof solenoid valves are installed on both the replenishment pipe 401 and the suction pipe 402 to control the flow of the pipes. A filter box 403 is installed at the water inlet end of the suction pipe 402 that extends into the test chamber 2. The filter box 403 is equipped with a stainless steel filter screen with a filtration accuracy of 5 microns to filter out suspended iron filings and impurities in the cooling liquid. A refrigerator 5 is also installed on the side of the test chamber 2. The heat exchange coil of the refrigerator 5 extends into the cooling liquid inside the test chamber 2 to control the cooling liquid temperature to remain constant.
[0022] Furthermore, a sealing cover 301 is installed on the top of the testing box 2 to close the top opening of the testing box 2; a set of lifting telescopic cylinders 302 are fixed on the outer walls of the left and right sides of the testing box 2, and the two sets of lifting telescopic cylinders 302 are waterproof pneumatic telescopic cylinders with synchronous action control; the telescopic ends of the two sets of lifting telescopic cylinders 302 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the sealing cover 301 to drive the sealing cover 301 to rise and fall in the vertical direction, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the testing box 2; an insertion port 303 is opened at the center of the sealing cover 301, and the opening position of the insertion port 303 corresponds to the axial position of the compensating grinding head 1, and the processing end of the compensating grinding head 1 can pass through the insertion port 303 and extend into the interior of the testing box 2; an annular sealing rubber ring 702 is fixed on the inner wall of the insertion port 303, and the sealing rubber ring 702 is made of wear-resistant nitrile rubber; the inner ring of the sealing rubber ring 702 is press-fitted with the outer wall of the body of the compensating grinding head 1 to achieve dynamic sealing at the insertion port 303 during the lifting and rotation of the compensating grinding head 1.
[0023] like Figure 6As shown, the adjustment assembly is located at the bottom of the inner wall of the inspection box 2 and is completely submerged in the cooling liquid. The adjustment assembly is used to clamp the workpiece to be processed and to drive the workpiece to complete the three-dimensional displacement adjustment in the cooling liquid. The adjustment assembly includes four sets of upward telescopic cylinders 601, left and right horizontal telescopic cylinders 602, and front and back horizontal telescopic cylinders 603. The four sets of upward telescopic cylinders 601 are fixed in a rectangular array on the inner bottom surface of the inspection box 2, and the telescopic ends of all the upward telescopic cylinders 601 are fixed together on a horizontal mounting platform. The left and right horizontal telescopic cylinders 602 are fixed on the top surface of the horizontal mounting platform, and the slide of the left and right horizontal telescopic cylinders 602 can make linear displacement along the left and right directions of the machine tool. The front and back horizontal telescopic cylinders 603 are fixed on the top surface of the slide of the left and right horizontal telescopic cylinders 602, and the slide of the front and back horizontal telescopic cylinders 603 can make linear displacement along the front and back directions of the machine tool. The upward telescopic cylinders 601, left and right horizontal telescopic cylinders 602, and front and back horizontal telescopic cylinders 603 work together to drive the workpiece to complete the three-dimensional displacement adjustment in the vertical, left and right, and front and back directions.
[0024] Specifically, the top surface of the slide of the front and rear horizontal telescopic cylinder 603 is fixedly connected to the placement plate 604; the placement plate 604 is made of stainless steel and has an array of pressure equalization through holes on the plate; the diameter of the pressure equalization through holes is 2 mm and the center distance between adjacent through holes is 5 mm, which is used to connect the cooling liquid on the upper and lower sides of the workpiece to ensure that the water pressure on the front and back of the workpiece is completely balanced; a set of locking bolts 605 are threaded to each of the four corners of the placement plate 604; a circular pressure block is fixed to the bottom of the rod of the locking bolt 605 to press and fix the corners of the workpiece to the top surface of the placement plate 604.
[0025] Furthermore, the hydraulic pressurization mechanism is used to apply a constant static pressure to the cooling liquid inside the test chamber 2. The hydraulic pressurization mechanism includes an air pump 701, which is a silent air compressor and is fixedly installed on the top surface of the sealing cover 301. A sealed air cavity with a height of 50 to 80 mm is reserved above the cooling liquid level inside the test chamber 2. The air outlet of the air pump 701 is connected to the sealed air cavity at the top of the test chamber 2 through a stainless steel air pipe, which is used to introduce compressed air into the sealed air cavity. The static pressure of the air compresses the cooling liquid level, so that the entire cooling liquid inside the test chamber 2 forms a uniform and stable static pressure environment. The static pressure adjustment range is 0.2 to 0.8 MPa. A pressure sensor 801 is fixed on the inner wall of the test chamber 2. The pressure sensor 801 is a waterproof static pressure sensor, and the detection end is immersed in the cooling liquid. The pressure sensor 801 is used to detect the static pressure value of the cooling liquid in real time and form a closed-loop control with the air pump 701 to maintain the static pressure inside the test chamber 2 within the set range.
[0026] Multiple sets of detection sensors 802 are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the sealing cover 301, and all detection sensors 802 are completely immersed in the cooling liquid. In this embodiment, a total of four sets of detection sensors 802 are provided, and the four sets of detection sensors 802 are distributed in a rectangular array. The detection sensors 802 are laser displacement sensors with IP68 protection level, and the detection end is vertically facing the workpiece fixed on the placement plate 604 below. The detection sensors 802 are used to complete the positioning of the workpiece, surface flatness detection, and dimensional error detection, and the detection accuracy can reach ±1 micrometer.
[0027] A method for online detection and compensation of machining errors in thin-walled parts, using an online detection and compensation device for machining errors in thin-walled parts, includes the following steps: Step 1 is preparation before operation; cooling liquid is injected into the test chamber 2 through the centrifugal pump connected to the replenishment pipe 401 in the storage tank 4; the liquid level of the cooling liquid is controlled to be 80% of the height of the inner cavity of the test chamber 2, so that a sealed air cavity is reserved above the liquid level of the cooling liquid; the refrigeration unit 5 is started to stabilize the temperature of the cooling liquid in the test chamber 2 at 20±0.5 degrees Celsius; the two sets of lifting telescopic cylinders 302 are controlled to extend synchronously, driving the sealing cover 301 to move vertically upward, opening the top opening of the test chamber 2.
[0028] Step two is workpiece clamping; place the aluminum alloy thin-walled part to be processed on the top surface of the placement plate 604; adjust the position of the workpiece to the preset clamping reference; tighten the locking bolts 605 at the four corners of the placement plate 604 in sequence, and press and fix the workpiece on the placement plate 604 by the pressure block at the bottom of the locking bolt 605; at this time, the entire workpiece is completely immersed in the cooling liquid in the testing box 2; the front and back sides of the workpiece are connected by the cooling liquid through the pressure equalization through hole on the placement plate 604 to ensure that the water pressure on both sides of the workpiece is balanced.
[0029] Step 3 is sealing and closing the cover; control the two sets of lifting telescopic cylinders 302 to retract synchronously, driving the sealing cover 301 to move downward in the vertical direction; make the bottom surface of the sealing cover 301 press tightly against the top end face of the test box 2, completing the sealing and closing of the test box 2; at this time, the processing end of the compensating grinding head 1 passes through the insertion port 303 on the sealing cover 301 and extends into the interior of the test box 2; the sealing rubber ring 702 on the inner wall of the insertion port 303 is tightly fitted with the outer wall of the body of the compensating grinding head 1, completing the dynamic seal at the insertion port 303.
[0030] Step four is static pressure pressurization; start the air pump 701 to introduce compressed air into the sealed air chamber at the top of the test chamber 2; use the static pressure of the air to compress the cooling liquid in the test chamber 2, so that the cooling liquid forms a uniform and stable static pressure environment; use the pressure sensor 801 to monitor the static pressure value of the cooling liquid in the test chamber 2 in real time; use closed-loop control of the output of the air pump 701 to stabilize the static pressure of the cooling liquid at 0.3 to 0.5 MPa.
[0031] Step five is online detection; the workpiece immersed in the cooling liquid is positioned based on the four sets of detection sensors 802 on the bottom surface of the sealing cover 301; then the entire machined surface of the workpiece is continuously scanned and detected to obtain the actual size data of the workpiece surface; the actual size data is compared with the preset standard size data to obtain the machining error data of the workpiece.
[0032] Step six is displacement adjustment; based on the machining error data obtained in step five; control the upward telescopic cylinder 601, the left and right horizontal telescopic cylinder 602, and the front and rear horizontal telescopic cylinder 603 of the adjustment component to move synchronously; drive the placement plate 604 and the workpiece fixed on the placement plate 604 to complete the three-dimensional displacement adjustment; move the part of the workpiece surface with machining error to the machining position directly below the compensation grinding head 1.
[0033] Step seven is grinding compensation; the compensation grinding head 1 is started to precisely grind and compensate for the error areas on the workpiece surface; during the grinding operation, the static pressure in the detection chamber 2 is continuously maintained within the set range; the iron filings generated by grinding are eliminated by the pressure-cooling liquid, automatically detach from the workpiece surface, and settle to the bottom of the detection chamber 2, without adhering to the workpiece surface and interfering with the detection operation; during the grinding process, secondary online detection is performed simultaneously through the detection sensor 802 to correct the grinding feed of the compensation grinding head 1 in real time, forming a closed-loop operation of processing-detection-compensation.
[0034] Step eight is the completion of the operation; after the inspection and compensation of the entire machined surface of the workpiece is completed, turn off the compensation grinding head 1 and the air pump 701; slowly release the compressed air in the inspection box 2 to restore the pressure in the inspection box 2 to normal pressure; control the lifting telescopic cylinder 302 to move the sealing cover 301 upward and open the inspection box 2; loosen the locking bolt 605 and take out the machined workpiece; start the centrifugal pump connected to the suction pipe 402 in the liquid storage tank 4 to draw the cooling liquid containing iron filings in the inspection box 2 into the liquid storage tank 4, and then filter it through the filter box 403 for recycling.
[0035] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A device for online detection and compensation of machining errors in thin-walled parts, comprising a compensation grinding head (1), characterized in that, Its characteristic is that it further includes: The test chamber (2) is filled with cooling liquid and has an opening at the top; A sealing cap (301) is slidably connected to the top of the detection box (2) to seal the top opening of the detection box (2); The insertion port (303) is provided on the sealing cover (301) for compensating the insertion of the grinding head (1) so that the compensating grinding head (1) can enter the detection box (2); An adjustment component is installed inside the detection box (1) for placing the workpiece to be detected and moving it. The adjustment component is located in the cooling liquid. An air pump (701) is installed on the sealing cover (301) and is used to pressurize the test box (2); A pressure sensor (801) is installed inside the detection box (2) to detect the water pressure of the cooling liquid; Multiple sets of detection sensors (802), which have positioning and detection functions, are installed at the bottom of the sealing cover (301) for positioning and detecting workpieces on the adjustment assembly; By placing the workpiece on the adjustment assembly, then sealing the detection box (2) with the sealing cover (301), and inserting the compensation grinding head (1) into the opening, the workpiece is continuously moved by the coordination of the adjustment assembly, the detection sensor (802), and the compensation grinding head (1) to detect the surface of the workpiece. Then, the workpiece is ground by the compensation grinding head (1). During the grinding, the air pump (701) pressurizes the detection box (2) to increase the water pressure of the cooling liquid. By increasing the water pressure, the pressurized liquid can fully penetrate the microscopic gaps between the iron filings and the workpiece, making the pressure inside and outside the gaps more even and eliminating the negative pressure adsorption effect within the gaps. At the same time, the pressurized environment can eliminate the surface tension adhesion caused by the local gas-liquid interface and form a uniform static pressure water film on the contact surface between the iron filings and the workpiece, reducing the contact adhesion force. After losing the negative pressure adsorption and surface tension adsorption, the iron filings can automatically detach from the workpiece surface under their own gravity and the action of liquid static pressure, avoiding the impact of iron filings adhering to the workpiece and affecting the detection accuracy.
2. The online detection and compensation device for machining errors of thin-walled parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection box (2) is equipped with a liquid storage tank (4) on its side. The liquid storage tank (4) is equipped with a liquid replenishment pipe (401) and a liquid suction pipe (402). The liquid storage tank (4) is equipped with two sets of water pumps, which are connected to the liquid replenishment pipe (401) and the liquid suction pipe (402) respectively, for replenishing and sucking coolant into the detection box (2).
3. The online detection and compensation device for machining errors of thin-walled parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the replenishment tube (401) and the suction tube (402) are equipped with solenoid valves.
4. The online detection and compensation device for machining errors of thin-walled parts according to claim 3, characterized in that, A filter box (403) is installed on the suction tube (402).
5. The online detection and compensation device for machining errors of thin-walled parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The testing box (2) is fixedly connected to a lifting telescopic cylinder (302), which is fixedly connected to the sealing cover (301).
6. The online detection and compensation device for machining errors of thin-walled parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sealing cover (301) is provided with a sealing rubber ring (702) at the inlet (303). The sealing rubber ring (702) is connected to the air outlet of the air pump (701). The sealing rubber ring (702) is used to contact the body of the compensation grinding head (1) and thus seal the inlet (303).
7. The online detection and compensation device for machining errors of thin-walled parts according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes an upward telescopic cylinder (601), a left and right horizontal telescopic cylinder (602), and a front and rear horizontal telescopic cylinder (603). The upward telescopic cylinder (601) is fixedly connected inside the detection box (2). The left and right horizontal telescopic cylinder (602) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the upward telescopic cylinder (601). The front and rear horizontal telescopic cylinder (603) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the left and right horizontal telescopic cylinder (602).
8. The online detection and compensation device for machining errors of thin-walled parts according to claim 7, characterized in that, A placement plate (604) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the front and rear horizontal telescopic cylinder (603). Locking bolts (605) are threaded at the four corners of the placement plate (604) to fix the corners of the workpiece.
9. The online detection and compensation device for machining errors of thin-walled parts according to claim 8, characterized in that, A refrigeration unit (5) is installed next to the testing box (2) to cool the coolant.
10. A method for online detection and compensation of machining errors in thin-walled parts, used in the online detection and compensation device for machining errors in thin-walled parts as described in claim 9, characterized in that... The main operating steps include the following: Step 1: Fix the workpiece to be processed onto the placement plate (604) with locking bolts (605). The placement plate (604) and the workpiece are immersed together in the cooling liquid in the test chamber (2). A sealed air cavity is reserved above the cooling liquid inside the test chamber (2). Step 2: Control the lifting telescopic cylinder (302) to drive the sealing cover (301) to move down. The sealing cover (301) seals the top opening of the test box (2). The compensation grinding head (1) passes through the socket (303) on the sealing cover (301) and extends into the test box (2). The sealing rubber ring (702) at the socket (303) fits against the body of the compensation grinding head (1) to complete the sealing of the socket (303). Step 3: Start the air pump (701) to introduce compressed air into the air cavity at the top of the test box (2), and pressurize the cooling liquid in the test box (2) by the air to make the cooling liquid form a uniform static pressure environment; Step 4: The pressure inside the test chamber (2) is monitored in real time and kept constant by the pressure sensor (801). The pressurized cooling liquid seeps into the micro gap between the iron filings and the workpiece, eliminating the adsorption force of the iron filings. The iron filings are removed from the surface of the workpiece under their own weight and the hydrostatic pressure of the liquid. Step 5: Using multiple sets of detection sensors (802) at the bottom of the sealing cover (301), the workpiece immersed in the cooling liquid is positioned and its surface size error is detected to obtain workpiece processing error data; Step 6: Based on the detection error data, control the upward telescopic cylinder (601), the left and right horizontal telescopic cylinder (602), and the front and rear horizontal telescopic cylinder (603) of the adjustment component to work together to drive the placement plate (604) and the workpiece to perform three-dimensional displacement adjustment. Step 7: Adjust the components to move the workpiece to the corresponding position, and use the compensation grinding head (1) to grind and compensate the error parts on the surface of the workpiece. During the grinding process, the pressure in the detection box (2) is maintained to prevent iron filings from adhering and interfering with the detection and compensation accuracy. Step 8: After the detection and compensation work is completed, turn off the air pump (701) and release the pressure inside the detection box (2). Control the lifting telescopic cylinder (302) to drive the sealing cover (301) to move up and open. Loosen the locking bolt (605) and take out the workpiece.