A process for producing fertilizer by synergic aerobic fermentation of chicken manure, traditional Chinese medicine residues and straw and an organic fertilizer produced by the process
By using a synergistic aerobic fermentation process involving chicken manure, Chinese medicinal herb residue, and straw, the problems of fermentation stagnation and unstable quality during organic fertilizer fermentation have been solved, achieving efficient and uniform organic fertilizer production with high nutrient content and biological activity.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HANBOK KITCHEN ELECTRIC APPLIANCE TECH
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing organic fertilizer fermentation processes suffer from problems such as fermentation stagnation, overheating, or anaerobic conditions, leading to unstable fertilizer quality and making it difficult to achieve efficient and uniform resource utilization.
The process employs a synergistic aerobic fermentation of chicken manure, Chinese herbal medicine residue, and straw. By controlling the fermentation carbon-nitrogen ratio to 25-30:1 and the moisture content to 55%-60%, combined with intermittent ventilation and turning, the temperature and oxygen concentration are regulated in stages. A breathable layer composed of crushed stone and geotextile is used to ensure uniform oxygen supply.
It achieves efficient decomposition and balanced nutrient content of organic fertilizer, reduces pathogens and odor generation, shortens the fermentation cycle, improves production efficiency, and retains the active ingredients in Chinese herbal medicine residue, thereby enhancing the biostimulation function of the fertilizer.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of organic fertilizer preparation technology, and in particular to a process for producing fertilizer by synergistic aerobic fermentation of chicken manure, Chinese medicine residue and straw, and the organic fertilizer produced therefrom. Background Technology
[0002] With the rapid development of large-scale livestock farming and the traditional Chinese medicine industry, the output of organic waste such as chicken manure and medicinal herb residue is increasing daily. Improper handling can easily lead to environmental pollution and resource waste. Meanwhile, traditional methods of burning or landfilling crop straw also cause serious environmental problems. How to efficiently and environmentally treat these various organic wastes and transform them into high-value-added organic fertilizers has become an important issue in the fields of agriculture and environmental protection.
[0003] Currently, a fixed ventilation and turning pattern is commonly used in the fermentation process of organic fertilizer. However, this control method cannot adapt to the dynamic needs of microbial communities for oxygen and temperature at different fermentation stages. For example, insufficient ventilation during high-temperature periods may cause the pile temperature to exceed 70°C, resulting in the inactivation of beneficial microorganisms and pyrolysis of nutrients. On the other hand, untimely or uneven turning can lead to oxygen deficiency inside the pile, producing malodorous gases such as hydrogen sulfide, causing fermentation to stagnate or secondary pollution to occur. Consequently, the maturity, hygiene indicators, and nutrient content of the final product are easily unstable, making it difficult to guarantee the uniformity and high efficiency of fertilizer quality. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In order to improve the problems of fermentation stagnation or secondary pollution in existing organic fertilizer fermentation methods, this application provides a process for producing fertilizer by synergistic aerobic fermentation of chicken manure, Chinese medicine residue and straw, and the organic fertilizer produced therefrom.
[0005] In the first aspect, this application provides a process for producing fertilizer through the synergistic aerobic fermentation of chicken manure, traditional Chinese medicine residue, and straw, employing the following technical solution: A process for producing fertilizer using chicken manure, traditional Chinese medicine residue, and straw through synergistic aerobic fermentation involves mixing the chicken manure, traditional Chinese medicine residue, and straw in a specific ratio and then piling them into a fermentation pile. The fermentation pile has a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of 25-30:1 and a moisture content of 55%-60%. The fermentation process includes initial fermentation, intermediate fermentation, and final fermentation, performed sequentially. During the fermentation process, ventilation is provided to the fermentation pile, and intermittent ventilation is used, with the pile running for 15-20 minutes and stopping for 30-40 minutes. Intermittent turning and turning are also performed.
[0006] This application utilizes the co-processing of three wastes—chicken manure, traditional Chinese medicine residue, and straw—for aerobic fermentation to produce fertilizer. Chicken manure provides a nitrogen source and microbial flora, traditional Chinese medicine residue is rich in cellulose and trace active substances, and straw serves as a carbon source and improves the structure of the compost pile. The mixing of the three can adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio during fermentation, improve the porosity of the fermentation pile, and promote aerobic microbial metabolism, thus achieving efficient resource utilization of waste.
[0007] This application employs an intermittent ventilation mode during the co-fermentation of chicken manure, traditional Chinese medicine residue, and straw. This mode ensures oxygen supply while reducing energy consumption and avoids excessive moisture loss or temperature fluctuations in the fermentation pile caused by continuous ventilation. Intermittent ventilation simulates the respiratory cycle of microorganisms, accumulating an appropriate amount of CO2 during ventilation shutdown to promote the activity of medium- and low-temperature microbial communities. After ventilation resumes, oxygen is quickly replenished, stimulating the activity of high-temperature bacteria and thus improving the stability of fermentation.
[0008] Optionally, the mass ratio of the chicken manure, the Chinese medicine residue, and the straw is 8-10:3-5:5-8.
[0009] This application further optimizes the mixing ratio of the three materials, controlling the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of the fermentation pile to be 25-30:1 and the moisture content to be 55%-60%, providing a favorable environment for microbial activity and avoiding sluggish fermentation or anaerobic fermentation that produces odors. Within this range, the fibrous structure of the medicinal herb residue and straw increases the permeability of the fermentation pile, while chicken manure provides sufficient nitrogen and microorganisms; the three synergistically promote high-temperature aerobic fermentation. Furthermore, the medicinal herb residue contains a small amount of organic acids, which can regulate the fermentation environment and promote microbial activity.
[0010] Optionally, the initial fermentation time is 1 to 3 days, the intermediate fermentation time is 4 to 7 days, and the final fermentation time is 16 to 20 days.
[0011] Optionally, during the initial fermentation period, the ventilation volume is controlled at 0.3-0.5 m. 3 / (m 3 •h).
[0012] Initial fermentation primarily involves material temperature rise and microbial adaptation. Therefore, this application provides a low ventilation rate to the fermentation pile during the initial fermentation stage to prevent excessive heat loss, allowing the fermentation pile to heat up slowly and promoting the proliferation of mesophilic microorganisms within it, thus laying the foundation for the subsequent high-temperature fermentation period. Furthermore, low-volume ventilation maintains oxygen supply, promoting protein decomposition and the initial degradation of organic matter.
[0013] Optionally, during the intermediate fermentation period, when the temperature of the fermentation pile exceeds 65°C or the oxygen concentration is below 10%, the ventilation rate is controlled at 0.6-0.8 m³ / h. 3 / (m 3 •h), When the temperature of the fermentation pile does not exceed 65℃ and the oxygen concentration is not lower than 10%, the ventilation volume should be controlled at 0.3-0.5m³. 3 / (m 3 •h).
[0014] This application dynamically adjusts the ventilation volume based on the temperature and oxygen concentration of the fermentation pile during the intermediate fermentation stage. This enables enhanced oxygen supply and cooling control during the high-temperature phase, preventing excessive heat from inhibiting microbial activity and avoiding anaerobic fermentation due to insufficient oxygen. Resuming lower ventilation under suitable temperature and oxygen-rich conditions maintains the activity of thermophilic bacteria and saves energy.
[0015] It should be noted that if the temperature of the fermentation pile exceeds 65℃ or the oxygen concentration is below 10% when ventilation is stopped, forced ventilation should be initiated immediately, and the ventilation rate should be adjusted to 0.6-0.8 m³ / h. 3 / (m 3 •h) Once the temperature of the fermentation pile drops below 65°C or the oxygen concentration rises above 10%, stop ventilation and extend the shutdown period before forced ventilation. Resume ventilation only after the original shutdown period has reached the preset shutdown time, adjusting the ventilation volume to 0.3-0.5 m³ / h. 3 / (m 3 •h). If the fermentation pile temperature exceeds 65°C or the oxygen concentration falls below 10% during ventilation, immediately adjust the ventilation rate to 0.6-0.8m. 3 / (m 3 •h) If the fermentation pile temperature is still above 65°C or the oxygen concentration is still below 10% at the end of the preset ventilation time, ventilation will continue at the same rate after the preset ventilation time ends, until the fermentation pile temperature drops below 65°C or the oxygen concentration rises above 10%, at which point ventilation will stop and the next ventilation will begin at the same preset time. If the fermentation pile temperature drops below 65°C or the oxygen concentration reaches above 10% within the preset ventilation time, the ventilation rate will be immediately adjusted to 0.3-0.5 m³ / h. 3 / (m 3 •h), continuing the previous ventilation cycle for the same duration. In other words, high-volume ventilation (0.6-0.8m) is performed to lower the fermentation pile temperature or increase the oxygen concentration. 3 / (m 3 •h)), which will hardly affect the original intermittent ventilation cycle.
[0016] Optionally, during the final fermentation stage, the ventilation volume is controlled at 0.2-0.3 m³ / h. 3 / (m 3 •h).
[0017] The final fermentation stage is mainly humification. Therefore, this application further reduces the ventilation volume during the final fermentation stage, which slows down the cooling rate of the fermentation pile, promotes the formation of humus and nutrient fixation. Moreover, the low ventilation volume provides a low-oxygen environment, which is more conducive to the activity of fungi and actinomycetes, promotes the stabilization of organic matter, reduces nitrogen loss, and improves fertilizer properties.
[0018] Optionally, the turning frequency during the initial fermentation period is 24 hours / time, the turning frequency during the middle fermentation period is 12-24 hours / time, and the turning frequency during the final fermentation period is 48 hours / time.
[0019] Optionally, during the intermediate fermentation period, when the temperature of the fermentation pile exceeds 65°C or the oxygen concentration is below 10%, the turning frequency is controlled at 12 hours / time. When the temperature of the fermentation pile does not exceed 65°C and the oxygen concentration is not below 10%, the turning frequency is controlled at 24 hours / time. Otherwise, an unreasonable turning frequency may lead to uneven oxygen supply to the material, resulting in anaerobic fermentation and the production of malodorous gases such as hydrogen sulfide.
[0020] Initial turning promotes material mixing and heating; increasing the turning frequency during the high-temperature phase prevents localized overheating of the fermentation pile and damage to nutrients; and reducing turning in the final stage maintains the stability of the fermentation pile and promotes humus aggregation. Therefore, this application achieves uniform fermentation, heat dissipation, and moisture regulation in the fermentation pile by using different turning frequencies at different fermentation stages, thereby improving fermentation efficiency and product uniformity.
[0021] It should be noted that if the temperature of the fermentation pile exceeds 65°C or the oxygen concentration is below 10% when ventilation is stopped, the fermentation pile should be turned over immediately, and the turning frequency should be adjusted to once every 12 hours. After the temperature of the fermentation pile drops below 65°C or the oxygen concentration rises to above 10%, the turning frequency should be adjusted to once every 24 hours.
[0022] Optionally, the bottom of the fermentation pile is provided with a permeable layer for ventilation, which is composed of gravel and geotextile and has a thickness of 15-20cm.
[0023] This application achieves uniform air distribution and water infiltration by setting a breathable layer composed of crushed stone and geotextile at the bottom of the pile, avoiding ventilation dead spots and water accumulation, and improving fermentation uniformity. Moreover, the gaps between the crushed stones are conducive to oxygen supply and drainage of exudate at the bottom, improving the internal microenvironment of the pile, while the geotextile can prevent fine materials from clogging the pores.
[0024] Optionally, the temperature is controlled at 50~55℃ during the initial fermentation, 55~65℃ during the middle fermentation, and 40~45℃ during the final fermentation.
[0025] This application achieves efficient degradation and composting by controlling the temperature in stages during the fermentation process, guiding the orderly succession of the microbial community. Initially, mesophilic bacteria initiate fermentation; in the middle stage, thermophilic bacteria accelerate the decomposition of recalcitrant organic matter, killing pathogens and parasite eggs; and in the final stage, pyrophilic bacteria promote humification and retain the active ingredients in the medicinal herb residue. This results in a finished organic fertilizer that not only provides basic fertility but also enhances crop disease resistance. Therefore, segmented temperature control ensures the activity of dominant microbial communities at each stage.
[0026] Secondly, this application provides an organic fertilizer, which is made using the aforementioned process of synergistic aerobic fermentation of chicken manure, Chinese medicine residue, and straw.
[0027] Organic fertilizers produced using the above-mentioned fertilizer production process have advantages such as balanced nutrients, high degree of decomposition, low pathogen content, and stable physicochemical properties, making them suitable for green agriculture and soil improvement.
[0028] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. This application cleverly utilizes the high nitrogen source of chicken manure, the active ingredients and fiber structure of traditional Chinese medicine residue, and the high carbon source and fluffy properties of straw by appropriately compounding chicken manure, traditional Chinese medicine residue, and straw. This allows the three to complement each other's advantages, and the resulting organic fertilizer can replace some chemical fertilizers, which helps to control agricultural non-point source pollution from the source.
[0029] 2. This application effectively avoids fermentation stagnation, overheating, or anaerobic problems by controlling the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of the fermentation feedstock within the range of 25-30:1 and combining it with an intermittent ventilation scheme. This ensures the stability and controllability of the fermentation process and creates optimal conditions for microbial activity. This process can shorten the fermentation cycle to 21-30 days, while the traditional fermentation cycle requires 35-45 days. Compared with this, the production efficiency of this application is significantly improved.
[0030] 3. This application utilizes staged temperature control, especially maintaining a high temperature of 55-65℃ during the mid-stage fermentation, to effectively kill pathogens, parasite eggs, and weed seeds, ensuring the harmlessness and hygiene safety of the fertilizer. Simultaneously, the low-temperature control and gentle ventilation during the final fermentation stage help retain residual polysaccharides, alkaloids, and other active ingredients in the medicinal herb residue, making the final product not only a fertilizer but also possessing certain biostimulatory functions. Detailed Implementation
[0031] To more clearly illustrate the present invention, the following description, in conjunction with preferred embodiments, further clarifies the invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the specific descriptions below are illustrative rather than restrictive, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0032] To address the technical problems raised in the background, this application provides a process for co-aerobic fermentation of chicken manure, traditional Chinese medicine residue, and straw to produce fertilizer. This process employs an intermittent ventilation strategy. High-flow-rate ventilation for short periods rapidly delivers fresh oxygen deep into the fermentation pile, quickly stimulating microbial activity and creating an oxygen concentration gradient. During periods of inactivity, microorganisms continuously consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide and heat. A suitable amount of carbon dioxide accumulation is beneficial to certain mesophilic bacteria, while heat is retained. Therefore, this intermittent ventilation method drives microbial metabolism more efficiently, resulting in higher overall oxygen utilization efficiency. Furthermore, intermittent ventilation ensures more stable temperature control during fermentation, especially in the mid-fermentation stage. Continuous ventilation would lead to excessive heat loss, making it difficult to maintain an effective high-temperature period. Intermittent ventilation allows the fermentation pile to accumulate heat during periods of inactivity and dissipate excess heat during periods of ventilation, thus achieving more stable and sustained temperature control. In addition, continuous ventilation can easily lead to the fermentation pile drying out too quickly, but intermittent ventilation can significantly reduce the total ventilation time and air volume, thereby effectively slowing down moisture evaporation and keeping the moisture content of the fermentation pile within a more stable and suitable range.
[0033] Furthermore, this application embodiment scientifically combines chicken manure, traditional Chinese medicine residue, and straw, and uses the three wastes in a synergistic process for aerobic fermentation to produce fertilizer. Chicken manure provides a nitrogen source and microbial flora, traditional Chinese medicine residue is rich in cellulose and trace active substances, and straw serves as a carbon source and improves the structure of the compost pile. The mixing of the three can adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio during fermentation, improve the porosity of the fermentation pile, and promote aerobic microbial metabolism, thus achieving efficient resource utilization of waste.
[0034] Raw materials for organic fertilizer fermentation generally include chicken manure and straw. Currently, most fermentation processes use a single type of raw material. However, fermentation using a single raw material has drawbacks such as low efficiency and poor quality. For example, fermentation using chicken manure alone results in a low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, leading to problems such as high ammonia volatilization and slow fermentation, and the finished fertilizer is prone to caking. Fermentation using straw alone, due to its low nitrogen content and high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, results in weak microbial activity, making fermentation difficult to start and requiring the addition of a large amount of nitrogen source, thus increasing costs.
[0035] Based on this, some have proposed mixing chicken manure with straw for fermentation, which can effectively correct the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the fermentation materials and promote efficient fermentation. However, the mixture still has fermentation defects. Although straw provides good looseness and porosity in the early stages of fermentation, as fermentation continues, the straw softens, breaks down, and decomposes rapidly under the action of microorganisms and mechanical turning. Chicken manure, with its fine texture and high water content, quickly fills these pores. Therefore, the fermentation pile is prone to compaction, subsidence, and collapse in the middle and later stages of fermentation, with a sharp decrease in porosity. This directly leads to poor internal ventilation and the formation of large anaerobic areas. Therefore, even with intermittent ventilation, the aerobic fermentation process will be interrupted.
[0036] Therefore, to ensure efficient fermentation throughout the fermentation process, this application involves co-fermenting medicinal herb residue with chicken manure and straw. Chicken manure has a low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, straw has a high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, and the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of medicinal herb residue typically falls between the two. Its addition stabilizes the overall carbon-to-nitrogen ratio within the range of 25-30:1. Crucially, the unique plant fiber structure of the medicinal herb residue serves as the skeletal material of the fermentation pile, effectively increasing its porosity and improving its aeration and permeability. This helps maintain the pile structure and prolongs the post-fermentation ripening process, resulting in more thorough humification.
[0037] This application also provides a fermentation device for a process of co-aerobic fermentation of chicken manure, traditional Chinese medicine residue, and straw to produce fertilizer. The fermentation device has a fermentation tank with a ventilation system and an automatic turning device. The tank is 100m long, 20m wide, and 2m deep. A 20cm thick, breathable layer composed of gravel and geotextile is laid at the bottom of the fermentation tank. A Roots blower is connected to the breathable layer for forced ventilation. Temperature sensors and oxygen concentration sensors are installed on the sidewalls of the fermentation tank for real-time monitoring of fermentation parameters. In this application embodiment, different ventilation and turning strategies are adopted at different fermentation times. Especially in the mid-stage of fermentation, when the temperature of the fermentation pile exceeds the threshold or the oxygen concentration is lower than the threshold, the working environment is adjusted by adjusting the ventilation volume and increasing the turning frequency to ensure that the temperature in the mid-stage of fermentation is maintained at about 55-65°C and to provide a sufficient aerobic fermentation environment.
[0038] The technical solution of this application will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and comparative examples.
[0039] Example 1: Example 1 provides a process for fertilizer production using the synergistic aerobic fermentation of chicken manure, traditional Chinese medicine residue, and straw. Chicken manure, traditional Chinese medicine residue, and straw are mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 10:5:5 to obtain fermentation raw materials. The carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of the fermentation raw materials is controlled within the range of 25-30:1, and the moisture content is controlled within the range of 55%-60%. The fermentation raw materials are fed into a fermentation tank and piled into a fermentation heap with a height of 2m. The entire fermentation process is divided into three stages: initial fermentation, intermediate fermentation, and final fermentation, using an intermittent ventilation method of 15 minutes of operation and 30 minutes of shutdown throughout.
[0040] During the initial fermentation stage, start the Roots blower with an initial ventilation volume of 0.3 m³ / h. 3 / (m 3 •h), and simultaneously start the automatic turning device, with an initial turning frequency of 24 hours / time. During the initial fermentation process, microorganisms multiply rapidly, decomposing easily degradable organic matter. At this time, the temperature of the fermentation pile gradually rises. When the temperature of the fermentation pile reaches 50-55℃, the initial fermentation ends, which takes 2 days.
[0041] After the initial fermentation, the second stage of fermentation begins. At this stage, the temperature of the fermentation pile rises to 55-65℃. During this period, it is crucial to control the temperature of the fermentation pile to prevent it from becoming too high, which could damage nutrients. Simultaneously, a certain oxygen content must be maintained to ensure smooth fermentation. Therefore, when the temperature of the fermentation pile exceeds 65℃ or the oxygen concentration falls below 10%, the ventilation rate should be increased to 0.6m³. 3 / (m 3 •h), and shorten the turning frequency to 12 hours / time; when the temperature of the fermentation pile does not exceed 65℃ and the oxygen concentration is not lower than 10%, reduce the ventilation volume to 0.3m. 3 / (m 3 •h), restore the turning frequency to 24 hours / time. This stage can effectively kill pathogens and parasite eggs in the material. When the temperature of the fermentation pile drops to 45-50℃, the mid-term fermentation ends. The mid-term fermentation takes 7 days.
[0042] After the intermediate fermentation stage, the final fermentation stage begins. At this time, the temperature of the fermentation pile drops to 40-45℃, and the ventilation rate needs to be reduced to 0.2m. 3 / (m 3 •h), the turning frequency is adjusted to 48 hours / time. During this period, through the further action of microorganisms, the organic matter is converted into stable components such as humic acid, while the active ingredients in the Chinese medicine residue are slowly released and retained in the material; when the pile temperature drops to close to the ambient temperature, the material is loose and odorless, and the humic acid content is ≥15%, the entire fermentation process ends. The final fermentation takes 20 days to obtain organic fertilizer.
[0043] Example 2: Example 2 is basically the same as Example 1, except that the mass ratio of chicken manure, Chinese medicine residue and straw in the raw materials used for fermentation is 8:4:8.
[0044] Example 2: The initial fermentation took 2 days, the middle fermentation took 5 days, and the final fermentation took 20 days.
[0045] Example 3: Example 3 is basically the same as Example 1, except that the mass ratio of chicken manure, Chinese medicine residue and straw in the raw materials used for fermentation is 9:3:6.
[0046] Example 3: The initial fermentation took 3 days, the middle fermentation took 5 days, and the final fermentation took 22 days.
[0047] Comparative Example 1: Comparative Example 1 is basically the same as Example 1, except that the entire fermentation process of Comparative Example 1 adopts continuous ventilation, and the ventilation volume at each stage is the same as that of Example 1.
[0048] Comparative Example 1: Initial fermentation took 1 day, middle fermentation took 4 days, and final fermentation took 20 days.
[0049] Comparative Example 2: Comparative Example 2 is basically the same as Example 1, except that the raw materials used for fermentation are only chicken manure and straw, and the mass ratio of chicken manure to straw is 10:5.
[0050] Comparative Example 2: Initial fermentation took 3 days, middle fermentation took 6 days, and final fermentation took 25 days.
[0051] The organic matter content, moisture, total nutrients, and pH of the organic fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were determined according to NY / T 525-2021 "Organic Fertilizers". Organic matter and total nutrients were calculated on a dry basis, and total nutrients were defined as the mass fraction of N+P2O5+K2O. The humic acid content of the organic fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was determined according to the method in NY / T 1867-2010 "Determination of Soil Humic Composition - Sodium Pyrophosphate-Sodium Hydroxide Extraction - Potassium Dichromate Oxidation Capacitance Method". Specific results are shown in Table 1.
[0052] Table 1. Detection results of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2
[0053] As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the optimized carbon-nitrogen ratio and moisture content created the best environment for microbial activity. In addition, the addition of Chinese herbal medicine residue provided a durable porous fiber skeleton, preventing the pile from hardening in the middle and late stages and ensuring an aerobic environment throughout the process. This allowed for more complete degradation and humification of organic matter. The phased ventilation and turning strategy avoided high temperature inhibition and anaerobic environment, thus improving fermentation efficiency. Therefore, the organic fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-3 have a high content of organic matter and nutrients.
[0054] Comparative Example 1, due to its continuous ventilation method, resulted in excessively rapid heat and moisture loss from the pile, which is detrimental to the sustained activity of thermophilic bacteria and microbial metabolism, and may also increase nitrogen loss. Although fermentation may be faster, the organic matter and nutrient content are not high, and the moisture content is also significantly lower.
[0055] Comparative Example 2, lacking Chinese herbal medicine residue, used only chicken manure and straw as raw materials. Due to the lack of the fibrous skeleton support of Chinese herbal medicine residue, the pile was prone to compaction and hardening in the middle and late stages of fermentation, resulting in a significantly poor fermentation effect of the obtained organic fertilizer.
[0056] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A process for producing fertilizer through synergistic aerobic fermentation of chicken manure, traditional Chinese medicine residue, and straw, characterized in that, Chicken manure, Chinese medicine residue, and straw are mixed evenly in a certain proportion and piled into a fermentation pile for fermentation. The carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of the fermentation pile is 25-30:1, and the moisture content is 55%-60%. During the fermentation process, ventilation is provided to the fermentation pile. The fermentation process adopts an intermittent ventilation method of running for 15-20 minutes and stopping for 30-40 minutes, and intermittent turning and turning are carried out.
2. The process for producing fertilizer by synergistic aerobic fermentation of chicken manure, traditional Chinese medicine residue, and straw according to claim 1, is characterized in that, The mass ratio of the chicken manure, the Chinese medicine residue, and the straw is 8-10:3-5:5-8.
3. The process for producing fertilizer by synergistic aerobic fermentation of chicken manure, traditional Chinese medicine residue, and straw according to claim 1, is characterized in that, The fermentation process includes initial fermentation, intermediate fermentation and final fermentation carried out sequentially. The initial fermentation time is 1 to 3 days, the intermediate fermentation time is 4 to 7 days, and the final fermentation time is 16 to 20 days.
4. The process for producing fertilizer by synergistic aerobic fermentation of chicken manure, traditional Chinese medicine residue, and straw according to claim 3, is characterized in that... During the initial fermentation period, the ventilation volume should be controlled at 0.3-0.5 m. 3 / (m 3 •h).
5. The process for producing fertilizer by synergistic aerobic fermentation of chicken manure, traditional Chinese medicine residue, and straw according to claim 3, is characterized in that, During the intermediate fermentation period When the temperature of the fermentation pile exceeds 65°C or the oxygen concentration is below 10%, the ventilation rate should be controlled at 0.6-0.8 m³ / h. 3 / (m 3 •h), When the temperature of the fermentation pile does not exceed 65℃ and the oxygen concentration is not lower than 10%, the ventilation volume should be controlled at 0.3-0.5m³. 3 / (m 3 •h).
6. The process for producing fertilizer by synergistic aerobic fermentation of chicken manure, traditional Chinese medicine residue, and straw according to claim 3, is characterized in that, During the final fermentation stage, the ventilation volume will be controlled at 0.2-0.3 m. 3 / (m 3 •h).
7. The process for producing fertilizer by synergistic aerobic fermentation of chicken manure, traditional Chinese medicine residue, and straw according to claim 3, is characterized in that, The turning frequency during the initial fermentation period is once every 24 hours, the turning frequency during the middle fermentation period is once every 12 to 24 hours, and the turning frequency during the final fermentation period is once every 48 hours.
8. The process for producing fertilizer by synergistic aerobic fermentation of chicken manure, traditional Chinese medicine residue, and straw according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the fermentation pile is provided with a permeable layer for ventilation, which is composed of gravel and geotextile and has a thickness of 15-20cm.
9. The process for producing fertilizer by synergistic aerobic fermentation of chicken manure, traditional Chinese medicine residue, and straw according to claim 3, is characterized in that, The temperature is controlled at 50~55℃ during the initial fermentation, 55~65℃ during the middle fermentation, and 40~45℃ during the final fermentation.
10. An organic fertilizer, characterized in that, It is made using the process described in any one of claims 1-9, which involves the synergistic aerobic fermentation of chicken manure, Chinese medicinal residue, and straw to produce fertilizer.