Plateau building pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system

Abstract

The present application relates to air conditioning technology field, specifically relates to a kind of plateau building pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system.The system utilizes oxygen and carbon dioxide mass balance equation set to solve metabolic decoupling ventilation volume;Analysis of the interrelation between air pressure fluctuation and oxygen concentration, determine wind-induced leakage weighting factor;Metabolic decoupling ventilation volume and wind-induced leakage weighting factor are fused, and oxygen loss cost index is obtained;Based on oxygen loss cost index, new air valve opening is dynamically adjusted, and new air valve control instruction is sent;Based on new air valve control instruction, oxygen supply equipment power is adjusted.The present application realizes the dynamic adjustment of new air valve opening and oxygen supply equipment power according to outdoor flow field characteristics, and avoids the problem of resource waste during ventilation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air conditioning technology, specifically to a pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system for high-altitude buildings. Background Technology

[0002] In high-altitude areas above 3000 meters, modern buildings typically employ Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) oxygen generation systems to maintain a suitable oxygen partial pressure environment. To remove accumulated carbon dioxide and maintain air quality standards, buildings must introduce outdoor air through a fresh air system for replacement. However, in actual operation, there is a natural energy conflict between the oxygen supply system and the fresh air system. While fresh air replacement dilutes indoor pollutants, it inevitably expels costly, oxygen-enriched air, along with indoor pollutants like carbon dioxide, to the outside. This conflict is particularly pronounced during periods of strong winds at high altitudes. High-altitude regions often experience significant outdoor air pressure fluctuations, which can create aerodynamic suction effects on building envelope surfaces. Under these conditions, even a slight opening of the fresh air valve can lead to an uncontrolled and accelerated loss of indoor oxygen.

[0003] Most existing control systems for high-altitude buildings employ constant airflow control or simple on / off control based solely on indoor carbon dioxide concentration thresholds. This traditional control logic fails to distinguish the source of replacement demand, unable to differentiate between a decrease in indoor concentration caused by "effective fresh air replacement" and "personnel departure" from monitoring data. This leads to the system potentially maintaining unnecessarily high airflow even when occupancy decreases, resulting in oxygen waste. Furthermore, there is a lack of awareness of airflow disturbances, failing to detect the suction effect of outdoor gusts on indoor air. During "expensive" times when strong winds cause significant oxygen loss, the system often lacks suppression mechanisms and may even erroneously increase fresh airflow due to concentration misreading caused by air pressure fluctuations. This makes it difficult to dynamically assess the cost of ventilation based on outdoor airflow characteristics, potentially leading to wasted ventilation resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problem of difficulty in dynamically assessing ventilation costs based on outdoor flow field characteristics, which could lead to resource waste during ventilation, this invention aims to provide a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system for high-altitude buildings. The specific technical solution adopted is as follows: In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system for high-altitude buildings, the system comprising the following modules: The data acquisition and construction module is used to acquire environmental parameters of the area to be regulated, including air pressure, temperature, and gas volume concentration; and to construct a standardized data vector based on the environmental parameters, including gas molar concentration; the gases include oxygen and carbon dioxide. The steady-state decoupling calculation module is used to calculate the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate based on the standardized data vector and using the mass balance equations of oxygen and carbon dioxide. The flow field characteristic analysis module is used to analyze the cross-correlation between air pressure fluctuations and oxygen concentration based on the environmental parameters, determine the wind-induced leakage weighting factor, and fuse the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate and the wind-induced leakage weighting factor to obtain the oxygen loss cost index. The linkage control and execution module is used to dynamically adjust the opening of the fresh air valve based on the oxygen loss cost index when the gas molar concentration does not exceed the safety threshold, and to issue a fresh air valve control command; and to adjust the power of the oxygen supply equipment based on the fresh air valve control command.

[0005] Furthermore, the data acquisition and construction module includes: Based on environmental parameters, the gas volume concentration is converted into gas molar concentration using the ideal gas law.

[0006] Furthermore, the steady-state decoupling calculation module includes: When the difference in carbon dioxide molar concentration between indoors and outdoors is less than the preset weak signal threshold, the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate is set to the building's inherent permeability. When the difference in molar concentration of carbon dioxide between indoors and outdoors is greater than or equal to a preset weak signal threshold, the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate is calculated based on the standardized data vector using the mass balance equations of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

[0007] Furthermore, the steady-state decoupling calculation module also includes: Instantaneous mass balance equations for oxygen and carbon dioxide were constructed, respectively, with the unknown in the instantaneous mass balance equations being the metabolic decoupling gas exchange rate. By substituting the preset engineering baseline metabolic constants into the instantaneous mass balance equations for oxygen and carbon dioxide, the metabolic decoupling gas exchange rate can be obtained.

[0008] Furthermore, the flow field characteristic analysis module includes: Using the Pearson correlation coefficient, the correlation coefficient between indoor air pressure and oxygen volume concentration was calculated, and the wind pressure-concentration cross-correlation coefficient was obtained. Based on the wind pressure-concentration cross-correlation coefficient and the intensity of air pressure fluctuation, the weighting factor for wind-induced leakage is obtained.

[0009] Furthermore, the flow field characteristic analysis module also includes: By comparing the indoor and outdoor oxygen volume concentrations with the carbon dioxide volume concentrations, the concentration-cost ratio can be obtained. By combining the concentration cost ratio, the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate, and the wind-induced leakage weighting factor, the oxygen loss cost index is obtained.

[0010] Furthermore, the linkage control and execution module includes: When the carbon dioxide molar concentration exceeds the safety threshold, the safety circuit breaker mode is activated.

[0011] Furthermore, the linkage control and execution module also includes: When the carbon dioxide molar concentration does not exceed the safety threshold, the PID controller calculates the basic fresh air opening. The dynamic saturation upper limit is determined by the oxygen loss cost index; The minimum value between the basic fresh air opening and the dynamic saturation upper limit is used as the fresh air valve control command.

[0012] Furthermore, the linkage control and execution module includes: The air exchange inhibition ratio is determined based on the basic fresh air opening and the fresh air valve control command. The power of the oxygen supply equipment is adjusted based on the ventilation suppression ratio to obtain the power command for the oxygen supply equipment.

[0013] Furthermore, the linkage control and execution module also includes: issuing a power command for the oxygen supply equipment in advance before issuing the control command for the fresh air valve.

[0014] Secondly, a method for energy-saving control of pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply and air conditioning linkage in high-altitude buildings is provided, the method comprising: The environmental parameters of the area to be regulated are obtained, including air pressure, temperature, and gas volume concentration. A standardized data vector is constructed using these environmental parameters, including gas molar concentration; the gases include oxygen and carbon dioxide. Based on the standardized data vector, the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate is calculated using the mass balance equations of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Based on the environmental parameters, the cross-correlation between air pressure fluctuations and oxygen concentration is analyzed to determine the wind-induced leakage weighting factor; the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate and the wind-induced leakage weighting factor are fused to obtain the oxygen loss cost index. When the gas molar concentration does not exceed the safety threshold, the opening of the fresh air valve is dynamically adjusted based on the oxygen loss cost index, and a fresh air valve control command is issued; based on the fresh air valve control command, the power of the oxygen supply equipment is adjusted.

[0015] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores executable code, and when the processor executes the executable code, it implements the various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0016] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer program product comprising: computer program code, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0017] Fifthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed in a computer, causes the computer to perform the various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0018] The embodiments of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects: This invention introduces a decoupling algorithm to calculate the metabolic decoupling ventilation volume using the mass balance equations for oxygen and carbon dioxide, thus restoring the true physical ventilation scale. Compared to traditional control methods that rely solely on concentration thresholds, this avoids misinterpreting the natural decrease in concentration caused by personnel leaving as sufficient fresh air, ensuring that the control logic is always based on the actual physical state of the system. Through cross-correlation analysis between air pressure fluctuations and oxygen concentration, a wind-induced leakage weighting factor is determined; by fusing the metabolic decoupling ventilation volume and the wind-induced leakage weighting factor, an oxygen loss cost index is obtained, quantifying the risk of oxygen loss caused by gusts. When strong wind suction characteristics are detected, the system automatically reduces the upper limit of the fresh air valve opening, physically blocking high-risk leakage channels and significantly reducing oxygen production energy consumption. A linkage mechanism between fresh air flow restriction and oxygen supply compensation is established. While adjusting the fresh air valve opening for energy-saving control, the power of the oxygen supply equipment is simultaneously corrected to compensate for the possible decrease in oxygen partial pressure due to ventilation inhibition. This invention achieves dynamic adjustment of the fresh air valve opening and oxygen supply equipment power based on outdoor flow field characteristics, avoiding resource waste during ventilation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of a pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system for high-altitude buildings, provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2This is a flowchart of a method for energy-saving control of pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply and air conditioning linkage in high-altitude buildings, provided as an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation, structure, features, and effects of a plateau building pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system proposed in accordance with the present invention.

[0022] In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable form.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. The "and / or" in the text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more.

[0024] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will recognize that, with technological advancements and the emergence of new scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0027] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details the specific scheme of the plateau building pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system provided by the present invention.

[0028] Please see Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a system block diagram of a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system for high-altitude buildings, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The system includes the following modules: The data acquisition and construction module 10 is used to acquire environmental parameters of the area to be regulated, including air pressure, temperature and gas volume concentration; and to construct a standardized data vector based on the environmental parameters, including gas molar concentration; the gas includes oxygen and carbon dioxide.

[0029] In high-altitude regions, atmospheric pressure fluctuates dramatically with weather conditions, and the volume percentage readings output by conventional gas sensors are affected by the nonlinearity of environmental pressure and temperature. To address the logical misjudgment problem caused by direct control of instantaneous sampling values, the data acquisition and construction module in this invention establishes a standardized data benchmark that conforms to the law of conservation of mass.

[0030] The data acquisition and construction module eliminates high-frequency noise from sensors by constructing time-series-aligned data sequences and uniformly converts environmental state parameters into mole units, providing a data foundation for subsequent mass balance calculations.

[0031] In order to perform stable differential calculations on the changing trends of environmental parameters and to provide statistical samples for subsequent analysis of wind pressure pulsation characteristics, the system first allocates a first-in-first-out (FIFO) data storage space in the controller memory.

[0032] Set sampling period and sampling window length Environmental parameters are collected in real time and a time-aligned sampling sequence is constructed by using an absolute pressure sensor deployed at the indoor plenum chamber and a gas concentration sensor at the return air duct. In this embodiment of the invention, the sampling period is set to 1 second, and the sampling window length is set to 60, corresponding to 60 seconds of historical data.

[0033] The environmental parameters include air pressure, temperature, and gas volume concentration. After obtaining these parameters, pre-filtering is performed on the raw environmental parameters, such as using a moving average filter or a low-pass filter on the air pressure data, to suppress the interference of high-frequency noise from the sensor on subsequent calculations.

[0034] The system operates according to the following timing logic: Cold start data accumulation phase: the period before system startup Within each sampling cycle, only data acquisition and queuing operations are performed. During this period, to prevent erroneous decisions based on incomplete data, default safety control instructions are output to the actuators. Specifically, the fresh air valve opening is set to the minimum sanitary ventilation volume. The PSA oxygen supply equipment is set to operate at rated power. In this embodiment of the invention, the minimum sanitary ventilation volume is... Set to 15%, N can be set to 60.

[0035] Steady-state calculation phase: When the number of collected data points reaches... Afterwards, the system automatically enters steady-state calculation mode. For each discrete sampling time... The time-aligned sampling sequence corresponding to sampling time t Updated to include the current time and the previous time. Complete dataset at each time point: .

[0036] Among them, data packets Includes environmental parameters collected synchronously at that moment, specifically indoor air pressure. Gas volume concentration at the return air vent and indoor temperature The gases contain oxygen and carbon dioxide, with corresponding volume concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide, respectively. This time-aligned sampling sequence ensures that all mean calculations, difference calculations, and correlation analyses in subsequent steps are based on the same closed time interval. The physical state within ensures strict alignment of the spatiotemporal dimensions, with the closed time interval corresponding to the current sampling time t serving as the window corresponding to the current sampling time.

[0037] Because gas volume expands or contracts with changes in pressure and temperature, volume concentration cannot accurately reflect the total amount of substances involved in the displacement process. Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, based on environmental parameters, the ideal gas law is used to convert gas volume concentration into gas molar concentration.

[0038] First, in order to eliminate the interference of high-frequency measurement noise from the pressure sensor on density calculation, a time-aligned sampling sequence is called. In Calculate the current arithmetic mean pressure. : ;in, For backtracking index within the sequence; Let tk be the air pressure at the tkth sampling time.

[0039] Then, take into account the current indoor temperature. The temperature unit is converted to Kelvin using the universal gas constant. In the embodiments of the present invention, take Calculate the current air molar density ,unit: : .

[0040] Finally, the calculated current gas molar density is used. The volume concentration sampling value of the return air vent oxygen volume percentage and carbon dioxide volume percentage Converted to gas molar concentration respectively and (unit: ): ; ; Through the above transformation, standardized concentration data that is unaffected by altitude and weather changes were obtained.

[0041] Simultaneously, outdoor environmental parameters are acquired to obtain the outdoor gas volume concentration. Then, based on the aforementioned formula for converting this to gas molar concentration, the outdoor gas molar concentration is obtained, including the oxygen molar concentration. and carbon dioxide molar concentration .

[0042] In one embodiment of the invention, a lookup table method can also be used to determine the outdoor gas molar concentration: based on the average altitude of the building's location, the local average atmospheric pressure and component partial pressures are obtained from a standard atmospheric model table, and a constant molar concentration constant is calculated. This method relatively reduces hardware costs.

[0043] In another embodiment of the present invention, the outdoor gas molar concentration can also be determined by actual measurement: outdoor data is collected in real time by a reference sensor deployed outdoors and not affected by the exhaust vent, and then processed by the same molar conversion.

[0044] To identify the dynamic increase and decrease trends of indoor gas components and quantify the injection intensity of oxygen supply equipment, differential and lookup table calculations were performed based on historical sequences.

[0045] To address the changing trends in gas concentration, directly differentiating adjacent sampling points would generate significant numerical noise due to sensor resolution limitations. Therefore, a Savitzky-Golay smoothing differential filter is used to process the sequence. Specifically, a window is utilized... The gas molar concentration within the atmosphere is fitted with a low-order polynomial, such as a second-order polynomial, and the polynomial is solved at the current time. The derivative of the component is used as the molar change rate of the component. ,unit: .

[0046] If the controller's computing power is limited, a simplified moving average difference method can also be used: ;in This represents the average molar concentration of oxygen within the window corresponding to the current sampling time. This represents the rate of change of oxygen moles at the current sampling time. This represents the sampling time interval.

[0047] Similarly, the molar change rate of carbon dioxide can be calculated. This is also denoted as the molar change rate of carbon dioxide. This processing effectively suppresses signal noise and provides a smooth trend indicator. The molar change rates of oxygen and carbon dioxide can be collectively referred to as the gas molar change rates.

[0048] Based on performance test data of the PSA oxygen supply equipment, its oxygen production characteristic curves under different altitudes, air pressures, and input power are calibrated and stored in the controller database. Real-time acquisition of the instantaneous operating power of the PSA unit is also performed. And combined with the current average air pressure The oxygen production rate of the equipment at the current time can be obtained by looking up the table. ,unit: .

[0049] The data acquisition and construction module reconstructed the environmental state and finally output a standardized data vector containing gas molar concentration, gas molar change rate, and oxygen production rate of the oxygen supply equipment.

[0050] The steady-state decoupling calculation module 20 is used to calculate the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate based on the standardized data vector and the mass balance equations of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

[0051] In high-altitude building pressure swing adsorption (PSA) oxygen supply scenarios, the core flaw of traditional control strategies lies in their inability to distinguish whether the decrease in indoor carbon dioxide concentration is caused by the physical process of "fresh air replacement" or the biological process of "personnel leaving." This results in the control system lacking the ability to perceive the actual scale of physical ventilation.

[0052] The core of this module lies in leveraging the relatively constant nature of the human respiratory quotient (RQ) to establish an engineering decoupling model based on the conservation of component mass. This model aims to mathematically separate human metabolic factors from mixed environmental monitoring data and calculate the metabolically decoupled ventilation volume, which is independent of the number of people and their activity intensity.

[0053] First, calculate the absolute value of the difference between the indoor and outdoor carbon dioxide molar concentrations at the current moment. , denoted as the difference in molar concentration of carbon dioxide between indoors and outdoors.

[0054] The difference in molar concentration of carbon dioxide between indoors and outdoors is compared with a preset weak signal threshold. In this embodiment of the invention, the preset weak signal threshold... Pick This is approximately 50 ppm. It should be noted that the preset weak signal threshold setting should be selected based on the chosen gas sensor.

[0055] When the difference in carbon dioxide molar concentration between indoors and outdoors is less than a preset weak signal threshold, it indicates that the current indoor-outdoor concentration gradient is weak, the sensor readings are mainly dominated by noise, or there is no effective displacement driving force. At this point, the physical model is determined to have entered the failure zone. The calculation of the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate is forcibly skipped, and the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate is directly calculated. The value is assigned to the preset building's inherent permeability. Preset building's inherent permeability This is an estimated value for the natural infiltration and ventilation of the building foundation under calm wind conditions.

[0056] As another embodiment of the present invention, when the difference in gas molar concentration of carbon dioxide between indoors and outdoors is less than a preset weak signal threshold, the metabolic decoupling ventilation volume can be kept at the effective calculated value of the previous sampling time.

[0057] When the difference in carbon dioxide molar concentration between indoors and outdoors is greater than or equal to a preset weak signal threshold, it indicates the existence of a significant concentration gradient and the validity of the physical model. The metabolic decoupling ventilation rate is then calculated using the standard formula to obtain the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate at the current sampling time. That is, when the difference in molar concentration of carbon dioxide between indoors and outdoors is greater than or equal to a preset weak signal threshold, the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate is calculated based on the standardized data vector and the mass balance equations of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

[0058] In this embodiment of the invention, the method for obtaining metabolic decoupling ventilation is as follows: To obtain the actual physical ventilation capacity under the combined effects of the current fresh air valve opening and the average outdoor wind speed, a set of component mass balance equations, including personnel metabolism terms, is constructed. This set of component mass balance equations is also the mass balance equation set for oxygen and carbon dioxide. The oxygen and carbon dioxide mass balance equation set includes the instantaneous mass balance equations for oxygen and carbon dioxide.

[0059] Based on the standardized data vector output by the data acquisition and construction module, instantaneous mass balance equations for oxygen and carbon dioxide are constructed respectively, with the unknown in the instantaneous mass balance equations being the metabolic decoupling gas exchange rate.

[0060] The instantaneous mass balance equation for oxygen is: ; The instantaneous mass balance equation for carbon dioxide is: ; in, The effective net volume of the region to be regulated, unit: The area to be regulated has known building parameters; The outdoor oxygen molar concentration; The outdoor molar concentration of carbon dioxide; and These represent the unknown oxygen consumption rate and carbon production rate per person, in units of: ; The metabolic decoupling gas exchange rate to be solved, in units: Metabolic decoupling ventilation characterizes the effective airflow generated solely by physical displacement.

[0061] To eliminate unknown metabolic terms in the oxygen and carbon dioxide mass balance equations, a pre-defined engineering baseline metabolic constant is introduced. This unknown metabolic term refers to the unknown oxygen consumption rate and carbon production rate of the population. This constant is defined as the reciprocal or direct ratio of the statistical mean of the population's respiratory quotient: Based on building function type, preset engineering benchmark metabolic constants. In this embodiment of the invention, the engineering benchmark metabolic constant is set based on the building function type, which is either office or residential. The preset engineering baseline metabolic constant is typically set between 0.8 and 0.9. In this embodiment of the invention, the preset engineering baseline metabolic constant is set to 0.85, which is used to estimate the ventilation trend rather than for precise physiological monitoring. In practical applications, different baseline values ​​can be preset according to the building type. For example, the value can be 1.0 for a gym and 0.8 for a lounge.

[0062] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present invention, a preset engineering baseline metabolic constant is included. It does not require precise correspondence to the instantaneous physiological state of every individual, but rather serves as an engineering statistical benchmark. The solutions calculated based on this benchmark... It is an estimate with clear engineering guidance significance, and its deviation will be handled with fault tolerance in the subsequent safety circuit breaker mechanism.

[0063] Preset engineering benchmark metabolic constant Substituting the instantaneous mass balance equations for oxygen and carbon dioxide, eliminating the metabolic terms, and rearranging, we obtain the metabolically decoupled gas exchange rate. The analytical formula is used to solve for the metabolic decoupling gas exchange rate.

[0064] The formula for calculating the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate is: ; The numerator of the formula for calculating metabolically decoupled ventilation represents the strength of the net source term after deducting component changes, while the denominator can be defined as the displacement-driven concentration difference. The denominator represents the ability of a unit air exchange rate to change the concentration of components.

[0065] In actual operation, when the indoor and outdoor gas concentrations are very close, such as when the system has just started up, when the room has been unoccupied for a long time, or when doors and windows are wide open, the denominator of the above formula will be... The result will approach zero, causing the calculation results to diverge or randomly change. To ensure the robustness of the control system, this module introduces weak signal gating logic.

[0066] Using the above logic, we obtained the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate, which characterizes the steady-state physical ventilation scale after eliminating human interference. Metabolic decoupling ventilation volume accurately reflects how many cubic meters of outdoor air actually enter the room and complete the replacement per second at the current sampling moment, providing a quantitative basis for subsequent assessment of ventilation costs.

[0067] The flow field characteristic analysis module 30 is used to analyze the cross-correlation between air pressure fluctuation and oxygen concentration based on the environmental parameters, determine the wind-induced leakage weighting factor, and fuse the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate and the wind-induced leakage weighting factor to obtain the oxygen loss cost index.

[0068] The metabolic decoupling gas exchange rate calculated by the above modules The steady-state index is based on data within the window and cannot capture the transient aerodynamic suction effect caused by strong gusts at high altitudes. To quantify the risk of nonlinear oxygen loss caused by outdoor wind pressure fluctuations and generate a unified economic control basis, this module performs flow field feature extraction and cost index synthesis.

[0069] Simple air pressure fluctuations, such as uniform positive pressure, do not necessarily lead to indoor air leakage. In order to identify whether there are uncontrolled ventilation phenomena such as "wind-induced suction" or "wind-induced backflow," it is necessary to verify the synchronicity between air pressure fluctuations and changes in oxygen concentration from a statistical perspective. Therefore, this module identifies the phenomenon of "wind-induced ventilation interference" through statistical characteristics.

[0070] The time-aligned sampling sequence built by the data acquisition and construction modules was invoked again. We will analyze its internal high-frequency characteristics.

[0071] First, extract the time-aligned sampling sequence. In Each pressure is calculated, and its standard deviation is used to obtain the pressure fluctuation intensity value. : The air pressure fluctuation intensity value characterizes the turbulence intensity of the outdoor wind field.

[0072] The Pearson correlation coefficient between indoor air pressure and oxygen volume concentration was calculated as the wind pressure-concentration cross-correlation coefficient. Specifically, time-aligned sampling sequences were extracted. The inclusion in A sequence of atmospheric pressure sampling values. With the corresponding inclusion A sequence of oxygen volume concentration sampling values. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the air pressure sampling sequence and the oxygen volume concentration sampling sequence was calculated to obtain the wind pressure-concentration cross-correlation coefficient. : .

[0073] When the correlation coefficient between wind pressure and concentration The closer the value is to 1, for example, greater than 0.6, the higher the linear correlation between air pressure fluctuations and oxygen concentration fluctuations. This indicates that the primary driving force behind indoor oxygen loss or dilution is uncontrolled disturbance of the outdoor airflow field, rather than controlled fresh air replacement.

[0074] Based on the wind pressure-concentration cross-correlation coefficient and the intensity of air pressure fluctuations, a wind-induced leakage weighting factor is obtained. This can also be understood as a factor based on the wind pressure-concentration cross-correlation coefficient and the calculated air pressure fluctuation intensity value. We obtained the wind-induced leakage weighting factor.

[0075] Based on the above determination, the wind-induced leakage weighting factor is calculated. To avoid control signal oscillations caused by hard threshold switching, a sigmoid-like function is used instead of step logic, so that the weighting factor changes smoothly with the correlation strength.

[0076] In this embodiment of the invention, the formula for calculating the wind-induced leakage weighting factor is as follows: ; in, The correlation threshold is set to 0.6 in this embodiment of the invention. The engineering gain coefficient is taken as [value missing] in the embodiments of the present invention. This is used to adjust the weight of wind pressure fluctuations on the cost. The exponent term in the denominator ensures that when... hour, It rapidly decays to 1, meaning there is no additional risk; when hour, Intensity of air pressure fluctuation It increases linearly.

[0077] The formula for calculating the wind-induced leakage weighting factor ensures that the cost of ventilation is amplified only when statistical characteristics confirm a significant correlation between pressure pulsation and concentration changes, thus achieving dynamic quantification of environmental risks.

[0078] To provide a basis for subsequent control decisions, the steady-state ventilation scale and dynamic leakage risk were integrated to calculate the dimensionless oxygen loss cost index. Specifically: compare the indoor and outdoor oxygen volume concentrations with the carbon dioxide volume concentrations to obtain the concentration cost ratio; combine the concentration cost ratio, the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate, and the wind-induced leakage weighting factor to obtain the oxygen loss cost index.

[0079] In this embodiment of the invention, the formula for calculating the oxygen loss cost index is as follows: ; The first term in the formula for calculating the oxygen loss cost index is the concentration cost ratio: the numerator is the difference in oxygen concentration between indoors and outdoors, and the denominator is the difference in carbon dioxide concentration between indoors and outdoors. A small amount is introduced into the denominator. To prevent division by zero. The second item is the scaling factor: For calculating metabolic decoupling ventilation. The system's rated fresh air volume constant is a value predetermined by the implementer during system implementation, used to normalize the metabolic decoupling ventilation volume. In this embodiment of the invention, the system's rated fresh air volume constant can be the maximum value of the metabolic decoupling ventilation volume in historical data. The third item is a risk factor: This is the weighting factor for wind-induced leakage.

[0080] Oxygen Loss Cost Index The physical meaning is the cost of effective oxygen loss associated with excluding a unit of polluted gas at the current moment. When the wind-induced leakage weighting factor... The larger the volume, the stronger the wind, the stronger the disturbance, or the greater the metabolic decoupling ventilation. When the size is larger, the ventilation scale is larger. An increase in temperature indicates that the system should limit ventilation.

[0081] When the indoor air quality is excellent, that is, the denominator When smaller, It will also increase significantly. In engineering control, this corresponds to the "high threshold under low demand" strategy: that is, when the air quality is good and there is no need for ventilation, the introduction of fresh air is more strictly limited in order to avoid the ineffective loss of oxygen to the greatest extent.

[0082] The linkage control and execution module 40 is used to dynamically adjust the opening of the fresh air valve based on the oxygen loss cost index when the gas molar concentration does not exceed the safety threshold, and to issue a fresh air valve control command; and to adjust the power of the oxygen supply equipment based on the fresh air valve control command.

[0083] This module, serving as the execution link in the overall energy-saving control logic, has the core task of establishing a cost-aware real-time game mechanism between the conflicting goals of "removing carbon dioxide" and "retaining oxygen." Unlike traditional control logic that only makes linear adjustments based on air quality deviations, this module introduces a dual mechanism of safety circuit breaker and dynamic saturation constraint. Prioritizing life safety, it then uses a cost index to dynamically lower the upper limit of the fresh air valve while simultaneously increasing the oxygen supply power, achieving coordinated control of "air closure for oxygen preservation" and "active pressurization" under extreme conditions.

[0084] Before executing any economy-based control logic, the life safety monitoring logic should be run first. Real-time monitoring of indoor carbon dioxide molar concentration is required. and compare it with the preset life safety threshold. A comparison is performed. In this embodiment of the invention, a preset life safety threshold is used. Pick The value is approximately 2000 ppm. In other embodiments, the implementer can set the value according to the actual situation. Alternatively, a suitable value can be set by long-term analysis and monitoring of historical data.

[0085] Circuit breaker trigger: When the carbon dioxide molar concentration exceeds the safety threshold. At that time, it enters the safety circuit breaker mode. That is... If the system determines that the current indoor pollutant concentration has endangered human health, it will immediately bypass all energy-saving control logic and enter a safety circuit breaker mode. In this mode, the upper limit of the fresh air valve opening will be forcibly set. Remove all flow restriction constraints. Force the PSA oxygen supply equipment to operate at full load power to address potential oxygen deficiency risks. Maintain the circuit breaker trigger mode until the concentration falls back to the safe hysteresis range, such as when the gas molar concentration falls back to... The following mechanism mitigates other risks arising from an excessive pursuit of cost minimization.

[0086] When the carbon dioxide molar concentration does not exceed the safety threshold, that is, during normal operation without triggering the circuit breaker, the PID controller calculates the basic fresh air opening, specifically: First, a standard cascaded PID control loop is run, using the deviation between the indoor carbon dioxide concentration and the preset concentration value as input, to calculate the basic fresh air opening. The value ranges from 0% to 100%. The basic fresh air opening represents the theoretical ventilation volume required to maintain air hygiene without considering oxygen loss costs. In this embodiment of the invention, the preset concentration value is... The value is approximately 800 ppm. In other embodiments, the implementer can set the value according to the actual situation. Alternatively, a suitable value can be set by long-term analysis and monitoring of historical data.

[0087] Subsequently, the oxygen loss cost index was obtained using the flow field characteristic analysis module 30. Calculate the maximum allowable dynamic saturation value at the current sampling time. The calculation uses a reverse mapping function.

[0088] The formula for calculating the dynamic saturation upper limit is as follows: ; in: This is the preset minimum sanitary ventilation volume. This is the preset limit for the valve to be fully open. This is a preset cost sensitivity threshold. When At this point, the ventilation cost is considered acceptable, with the upper limit remaining at 100%. The attenuation coefficient is used to adjust the system's sensitivity to cost. In this embodiment of the invention, the preset minimum sanitary ventilation volume is set to 15% to ensure that the minimum ventilation channel is maintained even in extreme energy-saving mode; the preset valve full-open limit is 100%; the preset cost sensitivity threshold is set to 1.0; and the attenuation coefficient is set to 0.5.

[0089] The baseline fresh air opening calculated by the PID controller With dynamic saturation upper limit The comparison is performed, and the final fresh air valve control command is output. Specifically, the minimum value between the basic fresh air opening and the dynamic saturation upper limit is used as the control command for the fresh air valve. The basic fresh air opening is calculated using an incremental or positional discrete PID algorithm, which is obtained by performing PID calculations after the user-set CO2 concentration target value.

[0090] ; Because the aforementioned limiting operation restricts the amount of fresh air introduced, it may cause the rate of decrease in indoor total air pressure or oxygen partial pressure to exceed the permissible range. In order to maintain the human body's blood oxygen comfort level in a high-altitude environment, the PSA oxygen supply equipment needs to be compensated.

[0091] The air exchange suppression ratio is determined based on the basic fresh air opening and the fresh air valve control command.

[0092] This ventilation suppression ratio The calculation formula is: ;in, To prevent the division by zero of minute quantities. The larger the value, the more severely the current ventilation demand is suppressed.

[0093] The power of the oxygen supply equipment is adjusted based on the ventilation suppression ratio to obtain the power command for the oxygen supply equipment. : ; in, The rated power to maintain the baseline oxygen concentration. Reserved for maximum compensation power. This is a barometric pressure correction term, ensuring stronger compensation is applied at higher altitudes, i.e., when the air pressure is lower. The standard atmospheric pressure is the altitude of the area to be regulated, and is specifically set manually by the implementer based on the altitude of the area to be regulated. In this embodiment of the invention, the rated power for maintaining the basic oxygen concentration is set by the implementer before implementation based on the actual altitude of the area to be regulated and other actual conditions.

[0094] It should be noted that, considering the physical response delay of oxygen production in PSA oxygen supply equipment, typically on the order of tens of seconds, while the fresh air valve operates much faster, a feedforward mechanism is introduced into the timing control to avoid short-term oxygen deficiency caused by a sudden cutoff in ventilation and insufficient oxygen supply. Specifically, after calculating the power command of the oxygen supply equipment... After that, it takes precedence over the fresh air valve control command. The system issues the signal within seconds. This means first increasing oxygen production capacity to establish an indoor oxygen partial pressure reserve, and then implementing fresh air flow restriction. In this embodiment of the invention... The value is set to 30 seconds, but in other embodiments, the implementer may adjust it according to the actual situation.

[0095] Ultimately, the system will send control commands to the fresh air valves. and oxygen supply equipment power command The control is then sent to the variable air volume valve actuator and the pressure swing adsorption unit controller respectively to complete the closed-loop execution of this control cycle.

[0096] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This invention provides a flowchart of a method for energy-saving control of pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply and air conditioning linkage in high-altitude buildings. The method includes: The environmental parameters of the area to be regulated are obtained, including air pressure, temperature, and gas volume concentration. A standardized data vector is constructed using these environmental parameters, including gas molar concentration; the gases include oxygen and carbon dioxide. Based on the standardized data vector, the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate is calculated using the mass balance equations of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Based on the environmental parameters, the cross-correlation between air pressure fluctuations and oxygen concentration is analyzed to determine the wind-induced leakage weighting factor; the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate and the wind-induced leakage weighting factor are fused to obtain the oxygen loss cost index. When the gas molar concentration does not exceed the safety threshold, the opening of the fresh air valve is dynamically adjusted based on the oxygen loss cost index, and a fresh air valve control command is issued; based on the fresh air valve control command, the power of the oxygen supply equipment is adjusted.

[0097] Alternatively, the transmission medium may be a wired link, such as, but not limited to, coaxial cable, fiber optic cable and digital subscriber line, or a wireless link, such as, but not limited to, wireless Fidelity (WIFI), Bluetooth and mobile device networks.

[0098] It should be noted that the device provided in the above embodiments is only an example of the division of the above functional modules. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the computer device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0099] This invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device. The computer device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the computer device can execute any of the aforementioned plateau building pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control systems.

[0100] Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention also protect a device that may include a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores executable program code, and the processor is used to call and execute the executable program code to execute the plateau building pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0101] In this embodiment of the invention, the device can be divided into functional modules according to the above method example. For example, each module can correspond to a separate function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware. It should be noted that the module division in this embodiment is illustrative and is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.

[0102] When each module is divided according to its function, the device may also include a signal uploading module, a determination module, and an adjustment module. It should be noted that all relevant content of each step involved in the above method embodiments can be referenced from the functional descriptions of the corresponding functional modules, and will not be repeated here.

[0103] It should be understood that the device provided in this embodiment of the invention is used to execute the above-mentioned high-altitude building pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system, and thus can achieve the same effect as the above-mentioned implementation method.

[0104] When using integrated units, the device may include a processing module and a storage module. When applied to a device, the processing module can be used to control and manage the device's operations. The storage module can be used to support the device in executing program code, etc. The processing module may be a processor or a controller, which can implement or execute various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits as described in this disclosure. The processor may also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of Digital Signal Processing (DSP) and a microprocessor, etc., and the storage module may be a memory.

[0105] In addition, the device provided in the embodiments of the present invention may specifically be a chip, component or module. The chip may include a connected processor and a memory. The memory is used to store instructions. When the processor calls and executes the instructions, the chip can execute the high-altitude building pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system provided in the above embodiments.

[0106] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer program code. When the computer program code is run on a computer, the computer executes the aforementioned method steps to implement the plateau building pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system provided in the above embodiments.

[0107] This invention also provides a computer program product that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the aforementioned steps to realize the plateau building pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system provided in the above embodiments.

[0108] In this invention, the apparatus, computer-readable storage medium, computer program product, or chip provided in the embodiments are all used to execute the corresponding methods described above. Therefore, the beneficial effects they achieve can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods described above, and will not be repeated here. Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In the embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method can be implemented in other ways.

[0109] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another device, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0110] It should also be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes said element.

[0111] It should be noted that the order of the above embodiments of the present invention is merely for descriptive purposes and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0112] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0113] The above content is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pressure swing adsorption (PSA) oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system for high-altitude buildings, characterized in that, The system includes the following modules: The data acquisition and construction module is used to acquire environmental parameters of the area to be regulated, including air pressure, temperature, and gas volume concentration; and to construct a standardized data vector based on the environmental parameters, including gas molar concentration; the gases include oxygen and carbon dioxide. The steady-state decoupling calculation module is used to calculate the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate based on the standardized data vector and using the mass balance equations of oxygen and carbon dioxide. The flow field characteristic analysis module is used to analyze the cross-correlation between air pressure fluctuations and oxygen concentration based on the environmental parameters, determine the wind-induced leakage weighting factor, and fuse the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate and the wind-induced leakage weighting factor to obtain the oxygen loss cost index. The linkage control and execution module is used to dynamically adjust the opening of the fresh air valve based on the oxygen loss cost index when the gas molar concentration does not exceed the safety threshold, and to issue a fresh air valve control command; and to adjust the power of the oxygen supply equipment based on the fresh air valve control command.

2. The plateau building pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition and construction module includes: Based on environmental parameters, the gas volume concentration is converted into gas molar concentration using the ideal gas law.

3. The plateau building pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steady-state decoupling calculation module includes: When the difference in carbon dioxide molar concentration between indoors and outdoors is less than the preset weak signal threshold, the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate is set to the building's inherent permeability. When the difference in molar concentration of carbon dioxide between indoors and outdoors is greater than or equal to a preset weak signal threshold, the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate is calculated based on the standardized data vector using the mass balance equations of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

4. The plateau building pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The steady-state decoupling calculation module further includes: Instantaneous mass balance equations for oxygen and carbon dioxide were constructed, respectively, with the unknown in the instantaneous mass balance equations being the metabolic decoupling gas exchange rate. By substituting the preset engineering baseline metabolic constants into the instantaneous mass balance equations for oxygen and carbon dioxide, the metabolic decoupling gas exchange rate can be obtained.

5. The plateau building pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow field characteristic analysis module includes: Using the Pearson correlation coefficient, the correlation coefficient between indoor air pressure and oxygen volume concentration was calculated, and the wind pressure-concentration cross-correlation coefficient was obtained. Based on the wind pressure-concentration cross-correlation coefficient and the intensity of air pressure fluctuation, the weighting factor for wind-induced leakage is obtained.

6. The plateau building pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow field characteristic analysis module also includes: By comparing the indoor and outdoor oxygen volume concentrations with the carbon dioxide volume concentrations, the concentration-cost ratio can be obtained. By combining the concentration cost ratio, the metabolic decoupling ventilation rate, and the wind-induced leakage weighting factor, the oxygen loss cost index is obtained.

7. The plateau building pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linkage control and execution module includes: When the carbon dioxide molar concentration exceeds the safety threshold, the safety circuit breaker mode is activated.

8. The plateau building pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The linkage control and execution module also includes: When the carbon dioxide molar concentration does not exceed the safety threshold, the PID controller calculates the basic fresh air opening. The dynamic saturation upper limit is determined by the oxygen loss cost index; The minimum value between the basic fresh air opening and the dynamic saturation upper limit is used as the fresh air valve control command.

9. The plateau building pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The linkage control and execution module includes: The air exchange inhibition ratio is determined based on the basic fresh air opening and the fresh air valve control command. The power of the oxygen supply equipment is adjusted based on the ventilation suppression ratio to obtain the power command for the oxygen supply equipment.

10. The plateau building pressure swing adsorption oxygen supply-air conditioning linkage energy-saving control system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The linkage control and execution module also includes: issuing a power command for the oxygen supply equipment in advance before issuing a control command for the fresh air valve.

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