Depth-adjustable soil sampling device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of soil sampling, in particular to a soil sampling and collecting device with adjustable depth, which can reduce the interference of upper soil samples on deep soil sampling, improve the sampling accuracy of corresponding depth soil samples, and guarantee the sampling accuracy of soil samples; the device comprises a drilling machine body, a mast assembly installed on the drilling machine body, a lifting seat slidingly installed on the mast assembly, a horizontal movement driving piece installed on the lifting seat, a drilling mechanism and a sampling mechanism, the drilling mechanism and the sampling mechanism are both installed on the horizontal movement driving piece, the sampling mechanism comprises a lifting traction piece and an outward-expanding sampler, the lifting traction piece is used for driving the outward-expanding sampler to move up and down, the outward-expanding sampler comprises a shell, a plurality of telescopic arms slidingly arranged in the radial direction at the top of the shell, a driving disc rotatably installed on the shell, a driving motor built in the shell, and a sampling piece installed at the end of the telescopic arm away from the driving disc, and the driving motor provides power for the rotation of the driving disc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of soil sampling, and in particular to a depth-adjustable soil sampling and collection device. Background Technology

[0002] The current situation of heavy metal pollution in soil is characterized by overall controllability and local high risk. With industrial development and the application of agricultural fertilizers, the amount of heavy metals emitted into the soil has increased. Under the influence of gravity, water flow, diffusion and other factors, heavy metal ions migrate vertically from the surface to the deeper soil layers, and heavy metals have already polluted the deeper soil layers. Sampling of the deeper soil layers is extremely important for determining the extent of soil pollution.

[0003] Currently, deep soil sampling mostly uses direct-push drilling rigs, drill rods, and drilling tools. For example, the invention patent application with publication number CN112554784B discloses a direct-push soil sampling drilling rig, which includes a mast assembly, a drive assembly, and drilling tools. The drive assembly includes a chassis and an operator's cab. The chassis includes a track, a drive motor, and wheels. The operator's cab is located above the chassis and controls the forward direction and speed of the chassis. The mast assembly includes an upper mast section and a lower mast section. A lifting device is connected to the top of the upper mast section. The lifting device is connected to the drill rod via a steel cable. A hydraulic cylinder is installed inside the drill rod. Drill tools are connected to the bottom of the drill rod. This direct-push soil sampling drilling rig is suitable for soil drilling on slopes of various heights and is convenient for transportation and operation.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned device still has the following defects: during the process of the direct-push drilling rig driving the drill rod and drill bit to feed downwards for sampling, the drill rod and drill bit will cause compression and damage to the soil sample, and the upper soil sample will be mixed into the deep soil sample. The soil sample obtained in the drill bit is a mixed soil sample. The obtained soil sample is difficult to reflect the true pollution situation of the soil at the corresponding depth. The accuracy of soil sample detection needs to be further improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a depth-adjustable soil sampling and acquisition device that reduces interference from upper soil samples to deeper soil samples, improves the accuracy of soil sampling at corresponding depths, and ensures the precision of soil sample collection.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a depth-adjustable soil sampling and collection device, comprising a drilling rig body, a mast assembly mounted on the drilling rig body, a lifting seat slidably mounted on the mast assembly, a transverse drive component mounted on the lifting seat, a drilling mechanism, and a sampling mechanism. Both the drilling mechanism and the sampling mechanism are mounted on the transverse drive component. The sampling mechanism includes a lifting traction component and an externally expanding sampler. The lifting traction component drives the externally expanding sampler to move up and down. The externally expanding sampler includes a housing, multiple telescopic arms slidably arranged radially along the top of the housing, a drive disk rotatably mounted on the housing, a drive motor built into the housing, and a sampling component mounted on the end of the telescopic arm away from the drive disk. The drive motor provides power for the rotation of the drive disk; the drive disk is provided with multiple circumferentially distributed arc-shaped grooves that are arranged corresponding to the telescopic arm, the arc-shaped grooves extending from the center of the drive disk to the edge of the drive disk, and a sliding column extending into the corresponding arc-shaped groove is fixedly installed at one end of the telescopic arm near the drive disk; the sampling component includes a mounting base fixedly installed on the telescopic arm and two half-ring cups hingedly installed on the mounting base; a receiving mechanism for receiving soil samples is installed on the transverse drive component, the receiving mechanism includes a frame and multiple receiving components, the multiple receiving components are arranged corresponding to the multiple sampling components, and the receiving component includes a receiving hopper; a semi-circular slice is provided in the receiving hopper, and a slit corresponding to the semi-circular slice is provided at the half-ring cup. Furthermore, the drilling mechanism is used for vertical drilling of the formation. The drilling mechanism can employ a auger drill rod and an electric motor to drive the auger drill rod to rotate. The lateral movement drive is used to drive the drilling mechanism and the sampling mechanism to move laterally. The lateral movement drive is preferably a mechanical slide, such as an electric mechanical slide, a hydraulic mechanical slide, or a pneumatic mechanical slide. The mechanical slide is provided with lateral movement energy through a power supply system, hydraulic system, or pneumatic system on the drilling rig body. The top of the housing is provided with multiple circumferentially distributed rail grooves arranged radially along the housing. Multiple telescopic arms are slidably installed in the corresponding rail grooves. The drive motor is preferably a brake stepper motor. The start and stop of the brake stepper motor are controlled by a control system on the drilling rig body.

[0007] Preferably, the sampling component further includes two torsion springs, a drive arm hinged to the mounting base, a connector, and an arc-shaped component. The two semi-ring cups are elastically connected to the mounting base via the two torsion springs. Both ends of the arc-shaped component are hinged to the two semi-ring cups respectively. One end of the connector is hinged to the end of the drive arm, and the other end of the connector is hinged to the middle of the arc-shaped component. A fixed pulley corresponding to the drive arm is rotatably mounted on the housing. The fixed pulley slides in contact with the drive arm. The drive arm includes a horizontal arm section and an upper concave arm section. Further, the semi-ring cups are hinged to the mounting base via a hinge shaft located outside the semi-ring cups. The torsion springs are sleeved on the hinge shaft. In the natural state, under the elastic force of the two torsion springs, the two semi-ring cups tend to separate and rotate around the hinge shaft. The closed semi-ring cups form a cylindrical body. The fixed pulley is located below the drive arm, the upper concave arm section is adjacent to the corresponding mounting base side, and the horizontal arm section is adjacent to the drive disk side.

[0008] Preferably, the support platform is provided with an opening allowing the outward-expanding sampler to pass through, and the receiving hopper is radially slidably mounted on the support platform along the opening. Further, the receiving component includes sliding rods mounted on both sides of the receiving hopper and push-pull handles connecting the ends of the two sliding rods. Guide seats located on both sides of the receiving hopper are mounted on the support platform, and the sliding rods are slidably mounted on the guide seats. Further, the opening is circular, and the central axis of the opening coincides with the central axis of the outward-expanding sampler; a sliding hole is provided at the guide seat, and the sliding rod is inertially slidably mounted in the sliding hole. Filler can be filled into the sliding hole to increase the friction between the sliding hole and the sliding rod. When no external force is applied, the sliding rod remains stationary relative to the guide seat.

[0009] Preferably, the outer diameter of the semicircular slice matches the inner diameter of the semi-circular cup, the slit is located below the bottom of the semi-circular cup, and the height of the slit is 1 / 2 of the radius of the semi-circular cup.

[0010] Preferably, the lifting traction component includes a winch and a rope. A mounting plate located above the drive disc is fixedly installed on the top of the housing. The outer diameter of the mounting plate is larger than the outer diameter of the drive disc. One end of the rope is connected to the winch, and the other end of the rope is connected to the mounting plate. Further, the outer diameter of the mounting plate is larger than the outer diameter of the housing, and the sliding connection between the telescopic arm and the housing is located below the mounting plate.

[0011] Preferably, the system further includes multiple centering components evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of the housing. Each centering component includes a first telescopic cylinder installed on the outer wall of the housing, an arc-shaped frame installed at the output end of the first telescopic cylinder, and rollers rotatably installed on the arc-shaped frame. Further, the first telescopic cylinder is preferably an electric cylinder, which is provided with telescopic kinetic energy by a power supply system on the drilling rig body. The first telescopic cylinders on the multiple centering components are controlled to start and stop synchronously by a control system on the drilling rig body.

[0012] Preferably, the drilling mechanism includes a drill barrel and a rotary actuator mounted on a transverse drive component. The bottom of the drill barrel is provided with circumferentially distributed drill teeth. The drill barrel includes multiple standard sections, which are detachably connected end-to-end. The lower part of the drilling rig body is provided with a clamp for securing the outer wall of the drill barrel. The clamp includes two symmetrically arranged second telescopic cylinders and a jaw clamping block installed at the output end of the second telescopic cylinders. Further, the rotary actuator can be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor, etc., used to drive the drill barrel to rotate; the multiple standard sections can be threaded together or detachably connected via quick-release pipe sections, etc.

[0013] Preferably, the inner wall of the standard cylindrical section is provided with spiral ribs.

[0014] Preferably, a limit frame is installed at the bottom of the winch, and an arc-shaped shovel is installed at the bottom of the arc frame. The arc-shaped shovels on multiple arc frames close together to form a cylindrical shape. Furthermore, the ends of the semi-ring cup and the arc-shaped shovel are provided with blades so that the semi-ring cup and the arc-shaped shovel can be smoothly fed into the soil sample.

[0015] Preferably, a meter counter is installed on the limiting frame, and the meter counter is used to measure the height of the rope lifting; further, the meter counter can be a mechanical meter counter, or other equivalent components that have the effect of measuring the lifting of the rope can be used.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a depth-adjustable soil sampling and collection device, which has the following beneficial effects: This depth-adjustable soil sampling and collection device uses a drilling mechanism to rotary drill a hole at the soil sampling point, forming a sampling well. After detaching the drilling mechanism, in the initial state, the telescopic arm is in a retracted state. The lateral drive component moves the outward-expanding sampler above the sampling well. The lifting traction component moves the outward-expanding sampler down into the sampling well to the required sampling depth and then stops. The drive motor drives the drive disc to rotate, and the sliding column moves within the arc-shaped groove. The sliding column pushes the telescopic arm outward until the sampling component is inserted into the inner wall of the sampling well. The soil sample at this depth enters the sampling component, obtaining a soil sample at the corresponding depth. The soil at the inner wall of the sampling well is regular, with less soil sample mixed in from the upper layers, objectively reflecting the true soil condition at the corresponding depth. This reduces interference from upper soil samples to deeper soil samples, improves the accuracy of soil sampling at the corresponding depth, and ensures the precision of soil sample collection. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point AA; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the externally expanded sampler of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the externally expanded sampler of the present invention from a bottom view. Figure 6 This is the invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point BB; Figure 7 This is the invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at the CC section; Figure 8 This is the invention Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point D in the middle; Figure 9 This is the invention Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point E in the middle; Figure 10 This is the invention Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point F in the middle; Figure 11 This is the invention Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point G in the middle; Figure 12 This is the invention Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point H in the middle; Figure 13 This is the invention Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point I in the middle; Figure 14 This is the invention Figure 8 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point L in the middle; Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the receiving mechanism of the present invention; The attached diagram shows the following components: 1. Drilling rig body; 2. Mast assembly; 3. Lifting base; 4. Lateral drive unit; 5. Housing; 6. Telescopic boom; 7. Drive disc; 8. Drive motor; 9. Arc-shaped slide groove; 10. Sliding column; 11. Mounting base; 12. Semi-ring cup; 13. Torsion spring; 14. Drive boom; 15. Connecting component; 16. Arc-shaped component; 17. Fixed pulley; 18. Frame; 19. Through port; 20. Receiving hopper; 21. 21. Slide bar; 22. Push-pull handle; 23. Guide seat; 24. Semi-circular slice; 25. Knife slit; 26. Winch; 27. Rope; 28. Mounting plate; 29. ​​First telescopic cylinder; 30. Arc frame; 31. Roller; 32. Drill barrel; 33. Drill teeth; 34. Second telescopic cylinder; 35. Jaw clamp; 36. Spiral rib; 37. Limiting frame; 38. Arc shovel plate; 39. Meter counter; 40. Rotary actuator. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0019] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features and technical solutions in the invention can be combined with each other.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] Please refer to Figures 1-8 as well as Figure 14A depth-adjustable soil sampling and collection device includes a drill body 1, a mast assembly 2 mounted on the drill body 1, a lifting seat 3 slidably mounted on the mast assembly 2, a lateral drive 4 mounted on the lifting seat 3, a drilling mechanism, and a sampling mechanism. Both the drilling mechanism and the sampling mechanism are mounted on the lateral drive 4. The sampling mechanism includes a lifting traction component and an externally expanding sampler. The lifting traction component drives the externally expanding sampler to move up and down. The externally expanding sampler includes a housing 5 and a radial section along the top of the housing 5. The device includes multiple telescopic arms 6 that are slidably mounted, a drive disk 7 that is rotatably mounted on a housing 5, a drive motor 8 built into the housing 5, and a sampling component installed at the end of the telescopic arm 6 away from the drive disk 7. The drive motor 8 provides power for the rotation of the drive disk 7. The drive disk 7 is provided with multiple circumferentially distributed arc-shaped grooves 9 that are arranged corresponding to the telescopic arms 6. The arc-shaped grooves 9 extend from the middle of the drive disk 7 to the edge of the drive disk 7. A sliding column 10 that extends into the corresponding arc-shaped groove 9 is fixedly installed at the end of the telescopic arm 6 near the drive disk 7. Furthermore, the mast assembly 2 is connected to the lifting seat 3 via a steel wire rope, and the mast assembly 2 provides power for the lifting of the lifting seat 3. The drill body 1 and the mast assembly 2 adopt existing technology, referring to the drill and mast assembly 2 in the direct-push soil sampling drill disclosed in invention patent application CN111636819A with publication number CN112554784B. The structure and principle of the drill body 1 and the mast assembly 2 will not be further limited or described here. The drilling mechanism is used for vertical drilling of the strata. The drilling mechanism can adopt a spiral drill rod and an electric motor for driving the spiral drill rod to rotate. The machine includes a transverse drive component 4 for driving the drilling mechanism and sampling mechanism to move laterally. The transverse drive component 4 is preferably a mechanical slide, such as an electric mechanical slide, a hydraulic mechanical slide, or a pneumatic mechanical slide. The mechanical slide is provided with transverse kinetic energy through the power supply system, hydraulic system, or pneumatic system on the drilling rig body 1. The top of the housing 5 is provided with multiple circumferentially distributed rail grooves arranged radially along the housing 5. Multiple telescopic arms 6 are slidably installed in the corresponding rail grooves. The drive motor 8 is preferably a brake stepper motor. The start and stop of the brake stepper motor are controlled by the control system on the drilling rig body 1. The sampling component can be a sampling cup, a sampling cylinder, etc.

[0022] For details, please refer to Figures 4-8 as well as Figures 11-14The sampling components include a mounting base 11 fixedly mounted on the telescopic arm 6, two half-ring cups 12 hingedly mounted on the mounting base 11, two torsion springs 13, a drive arm 14 hingedly mounted on the mounting base 11, a connector 15, and an arc-shaped component 16. The two half-ring cups 12 are elastically connected to the mounting base 11 through the two torsion springs 13. The two ends of the arc-shaped component 16 are respectively hinged to the two half-ring cups 12. One end of the connector 15 is hinged to the end of the drive arm 14, and the other end of the connector 15 is hinged to the middle of the arc-shaped component 16. A fixed pulley 17 corresponding to the drive arm 14 is rotatably mounted on the housing 5. The fixed pulley 17 slides in contact with the drive arm 14. The drive arm 14 includes a horizontal arm section and an upper concave arm section. Furthermore, the semi-ring cup 12 is hinged to the mounting base 11 via a hinge shaft, which is located on the outside of the semi-ring cup 12, and the torsion spring 13 is sleeved on the hinge shaft. In its natural state, under the elastic force of the two torsion springs 13, the two semi-ring cups 12 tend to separate from each other and rotate around the hinge shaft. After closing, the semi-ring cup 12 forms a cylindrical body. The fixed pulley 17 is located below the drive arm 14, with the upper concave arm section adjacent to the side of the corresponding mounting base 11 and the horizontal arm section adjacent to the side of the drive disc 7.

[0023] The depth-adjustable soil sampling device provided in this embodiment ensures that, during the up-and-down movement of the externally expanding sampler within the sampling well and during soil sampling, the horizontal arm section of the drive arm 14 remains in contact with the fixed pulley 17. The end of the drive arm 14 furthest from the housing 5 exerts a downward thrust on the connecting member 15 and the arc-shaped member 16, causing the two semi-ring cups 12 to close together. During the up-and-down movement of the externally expanding sampler within the sampling well wall, the ring formed by the edges of multiple sampling elements is smaller than the inner wall size of the sampling well. After sampling, when unloading the soil sample from the sampling elements... The drive motor 8 drives the drive disk 7 to rotate. After being transmitted through the arc-shaped slide groove 9 and the slide column 10, the telescopic arm 6 drives the sampling component to move towards the center of the drive disk 7. When the upper concave arm section is above the fixed pulley 17, the two halves of the ring cup 12 separate from each other under the torque of the torsion spring 13, and the soil sample in the sampling component is removed. This can greatly improve the convenience of soil sample feeding. Moreover, the opening and closing of the sampling component can be automatically operated by the above-mentioned mechanical structure. The structure is scientific and reasonable. There is no need for manual digging out of the soil sample in the sampling component. The operation is convenient and greatly improves the efficiency of soil sampling.

[0024] Example 2

[0025] This embodiment further explains the receiving mechanism and the semi-circular slice and blade slit fit structure in the aforementioned depth-adjustable soil sampling and collection device. For details, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 8 as well as Figures 14-15The transverse drive 4 is equipped with a receiving mechanism for receiving soil samples. The receiving mechanism includes a frame 18 and multiple receiving components, which are arranged corresponding to multiple sampling components. The frame 18 is provided with a through-hole 19 that allows an outward-expanding sampler to pass through. The receiving component includes a receiving hopper 20, sliding rods 21 installed on both sides of the receiving hopper 20, and a push-pull handle 22 connecting the ends of the two sliding rods 21. The receiving hopper 20 is radially slidably mounted on the frame 18 along the through-hole 19. The frame 18 is equipped with guide seats 23 located on both sides of the receiving hopper 20. 21 is slidably mounted on guide seat 23; furthermore, the opening 19 is a circular opening, and the central axis of the opening 19 coincides with the central axis of the outward expansion sampler; a sliding hole is provided at guide seat 23, and the sliding rod 21 is inertially slidably mounted in the sliding hole, and filler material can be filled in the sliding hole to improve the friction between the sliding hole and the sliding rod 21. When no external force is applied, the sliding rod 21 is stationary relative to guide seat 23; the receiving hopper 20 can be moved to below the sampling piece by manually pulling the push-pull handle 22 to receive the soil sample discharged from the sampling piece.

[0026] For details, please refer to Figures 11-15 The receiving hopper 20 is provided with a semi-circular slice 24, and the semi-ring cup 12 is provided with a slit 25 corresponding to the semi-circular slice 24; further, the outer diameter of the semi-circular slice 24 matches the inner diameter of the semi-ring cup 12, the slit 25 is located below the bottom of the semi-ring cup 12, and the height of the slit 25 is 1 / 2 of the radius length of the semi-ring cup 12.

[0027] The depth-adjustable soil sampling device provided in this embodiment addresses the issue that, during drilling operations, the upper soil layer inevitably falls along the inner wall of the sampling well and adheres to it. This adhering upper soil layer is then extracted along with the sampling element, affecting the sampling accuracy at that depth. Therefore, the above-mentioned solution is used to process the soil samples, as detailed below: Before unloading the soil sample from the sampling unit, the lifting and traction device moves the outward-expanding sampler to above the platform 18. Then, the drive motor 8 drives the drive disk 7 to rotate, the telescopic arm 6 extends, and the sampling unit moves above the corresponding receiving hopper 20. The semi-circular slice 24 corresponds to the slit 25 on the semi-ring cup 12. The lifting and traction device moves the outward-expanding sampler downward, and the semi-circular slice 24 is inserted into the slit 25, cutting off the soil section inside the sampling unit. When the telescopic arm 6 moves the sampling unit to the middle of the drive disk 7, the receiving hopper 20 moves synchronously with the sampling unit. When the sampling unit is unloaded, the soil section near the drive disk 7 falls from the opening 19, and the remaining soil sample falls into the receiving hopper 20. The soil section falling through the opening 19 is the inner wall of the sampling well. The upper soil layer adjacent to the sampling well is cut off during the unloading process, eliminating the interference of the upper soil layer on the lower soil sample, thus further improving the soil sampling accuracy. The obtained soil sample can objectively and accurately reflect the soil properties of the corresponding depth layer. Moreover, the receiving hopper 20 can work in conjunction with the sampling component to automatically unload the soil sample from the sampling component into the receiving hopper 20 without human intervention, further reducing the amount of manual operation. It should be noted that the actions of the above-mentioned components are programmed and controlled by the automatic PLC system on the drilling rig body 1. This case only protects the mechanical structure and principle of each related component, and the automatic control system can use existing technology. The operator can collect the soil sample in the receiving hopper 20.

[0028] Example 3

[0029] The depth-adjustable soil sampling device provided in Example 2 has been further optimized. For details, please refer to... Figure 4 as well as Figure 8The lifting and traction components include a winch 26 and a rope 27. A mounting plate 28 is fixedly installed on the top of the housing 5, located above the drive disc 7. The outer diameter of the mounting plate 28 is larger than the outer diameter of the drive disc 7. One end of the rope 27 is connected to the winch 26, and the other end is connected to the mounting plate 28. Furthermore, the outer diameter of the mounting plate 28 is larger than the outer diameter of the housing 5, and the sliding connection between the telescopic arm 6 and the housing 5 is located below the mounting plate 28. To prevent misalignment between the sampling component and the corresponding receiving component due to rotation of the outward-expanding sampler, the outward-expanding sampler can be manually rotated and adjusted during soil sample unloading. The device aligns the sampling component with the corresponding receiving hopper 20. In another embodiment, the lifting traction component can be a track-type linear drive so that the outward-expanding sampler slides only vertically, preventing the outward-expanding sampler from rotating. The winch 26 can wind and unwind the rope 27 to achieve lifting and lowering of the outward-expanding sampler. The mounting plate 28 can catch the upper soil falling into the sampling well to reduce soil particles falling onto the drive plate 7, etc. In another embodiment, a dust cover or other necessary dustproof components can be installed between the mounting plate 28 and the housing 5 to reduce soil samples entering the sampling device.

[0030] For details, please refer to Figures 4-7 It also includes multiple straightening components evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of the housing 5. The straightening components include a first telescopic cylinder 29 installed on the outer wall of the housing 5, an arc-shaped frame 30 installed on the output end of the first telescopic cylinder 29, and a roller 31 rotatably installed on the arc-shaped frame 30. Furthermore, the first telescopic cylinder 29 is preferably an electric cylinder, which is provided with telescopic kinetic energy by the power supply system on the drilling rig body 1. The first telescopic cylinders 29 on the multiple straightening components are controlled to start and stop synchronously by the control system on the drilling rig body 1.

[0031] For details, please refer to Figures 1-3 as well as Figures 9-10 The drilling mechanism includes a drill barrel 32 and a rotary actuator 40 mounted on a transverse drive 4. The bottom of the drill barrel 32 is provided with circumferentially distributed drill teeth 33. The drill barrel 32 includes multiple standard sections, which are detachably connected end to end. The lower part of the drilling rig body 1 is provided with a clamp for securing the outer wall of the drill barrel 32. The clamp includes two symmetrically arranged second telescopic cylinders 34 and a jaw clamp 35 mounted on the output end of the second telescopic cylinders 34. Furthermore, the rotary actuator 40 can be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor, etc., and is used to drive the drill barrel 32 to rotate. The multiple standard sections can be threaded together or detachably connected by quick-release pipe sections, etc. The standard sections can be 200cm, 500cm, 1000cm, etc., according to the soil sampling depth requirements, and the number of standard sections is appropriately selected according to the sampling depth.

[0032] For details, please refer to Figure 9 or Figure 1036 spiral ribs are provided on the inner wall of the standard cylindrical section.

[0033] For details, please refer to Figure 8 The winch 26 is equipped with a limiting frame 37 at its bottom, and the arc-shaped frame 30 is equipped with an arc-shaped shovel 38 at its bottom. The arc-shaped shovels 38 on the multiple arc-shaped frames 30 are closed to form a cylindrical shape. Furthermore, the ends of the semi-ring cup 12 and the arc-shaped shovel 38 are provided with blades so that the semi-ring cup 12 and the arc-shaped shovel 38 can be smoothly fed into the soil sample. When the arc-shaped shovel 38 is inserted into the soil sample, the limiting frame 37 contacts the top of the mounting plate 28 to limit the outward expansion sampler and ensure that the arc-shaped shovel 38 is smoothly inserted into the soil sample in the standard cylindrical section.

[0034] For details, please refer to Figure 8 A meter counter 39 is installed on the limit frame 37. The meter counter 39 is used to measure the lifting height of the rope 27. Furthermore, the meter counter 39 can be a mechanical meter counter or other equivalent components that have the effect of measuring the lifting height of the rope 27. The meter counter 39 is used to measure the distance the rope 27 descends, thereby obtaining the downward distance of the external sampler into the sampling well, thus obtaining the soil sample sampling depth. The downward depth of the external sampler into the sampling well is also adjusted according to the reading of the meter counter 39 so as to accurately sample the soil at the corresponding depth.

[0035] The depth-adjustable soil sampling device provided in this embodiment extends the output end of the first telescopic cylinder 29 after the external expansion sampler enters the sampling well, and the arc frame 30 moves away from the center of the housing 5. The roller 31 contacts the inner wall of the sampling well, so that the central axis of the sampling well coincides with the central axis of the external expansion sampler, effectively improving the stability of the external expansion sampler moving up and down in the sampling well. During sampling operations, it can prevent the external expansion sampler from tilting, thereby ensuring the accuracy of soil depth sampling and avoiding excessive deviation in soil sampling depth.

[0036] The rotary actuator 40 drives the drill barrel 32 to rotate, and the mast assembly 2 drives the transverse drive 4 to move downward, causing the drill barrel 32 to drill downward and feed. The drill teeth 33 circumferentially cut the surface soil, and the soil column formed by the circumferential cutting enters the drill barrel 32, thus obtaining soil samples at multiple depths from the surface soil. The spiral ribs 36 prevent the soil column from detaching from the drill barrel 32 when it moves upward. Similarly, the outer wall of the soil column inside the drill barrel 32 will be adhered to the upper layer of soil. Therefore, when it is necessary to unload the soil sample from the drill barrel 32, the output end of the second telescopic cylinder 34 extends, the jaw clamp 35 clamps the outer wall of the corresponding standard cylinder section, and the rotary actuator 40 drives the upper set of standard cylinder sections to rotate, disassembling the upper standard cylinder sections. The transverse drive 4 drives the outward expansion sampler to move above the clamped standard cylinder section, the output end of the first telescopic cylinder 29 shortens, and the arc-shaped shovels 38 converge to form an annular cylinder with a small outer diameter. With an inner diameter of at least 6 cm in the drill barrel 32, the mast assembly 2 drives the transverse drive 4 to move downward until the annular cylinder is inserted into the middle of the standard cylinder section. The soil in the middle of the standard cylinder section is sampled. This soil sample is the soil sample after removing the mixed sample from the outer wall of the soil column. Then, the mast assembly 2 drives the transverse drive 4 to move upward until the annular cylinder is at least 20 cm higher than the standard cylinder section. The operator can place the soil collection container below the annular cylinder. The output end of the second telescopic cylinder 34 extends, and the arc-shaped shovels 38 move away from each other. The soil sample in the annular cylinder falls into the collection container.

[0037] The soil sample and a mixed soil sample from the corresponding depth obtained by the external sampler can be sent to an external laboratory for testing. If the test results of both soil samples are within the allowable error range, it indicates that the soil sampling meets the requirements. If there is a large deviation between the two, the soil sampling accuracy is questionable and further processing is required. This method allows for soil sampling from both the inner wall of the sampling well and the center of the drilled soil column. Multiple sampling points can be taken within the same soil layer. The soil samples from the same layer obtained by the external sampler and the annular sampler can serve as comparative examples, eliminating interference from upper soil samples on soil samples at corresponding depths. This improves the efficiency of soil sampling at different depths while significantly enhancing soil sampling accuracy, thus ensuring the accuracy of subsequent soil experimental testing.

[0038] The process of using the depth-adjustable soil sampling and collection device provided by the present invention is as follows: the surface soil is drilled by the drilling mechanism, the drill cylinder 32 is used to cut the soil in a ring, so that the soil inside the drill cylinder 32 forms a column. The drill cylinder 32 drills a sampling well on the ground surface. Then the mast assembly 2 drives the transverse drive 4 to move upward, and the drill cylinder 32 moves out of the sampling well. Each standard cylinder section is removed from top to bottom, and the upper soil center of each standard cylinder section is sampled according to the above principle by the second telescopic cylinder 34 and the arc-shaped shovel 38 to obtain the soil sample at the center of the soil column at the corresponding depth. After the drill cylinder 32 is completely removed, the transverse drive 4 drives the outward expansion sampler to move above the formed sampling well, and then obtains the corresponding soil sample at the inner wall of the sampling well at the corresponding depth according to the working principle described in the above embodiments 1-2. The soil sample obtained from the outward expansion sampler and the corresponding soil sample at the center of the soil column are taken to an external laboratory for testing.

[0039] In this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A depth-adjustable soil sampling and collection device, characterized in that, The system includes a drilling rig body (1), a mast assembly (2) mounted on the drilling rig body (1), a lifting seat (3) slidably mounted on the mast assembly (2), a transverse drive (4) mounted on the lifting seat (3), a drilling mechanism, and a sampling mechanism. The drilling mechanism and the sampling mechanism are both mounted on the transverse drive (4). The sampling mechanism includes a lifting traction component and an external sampler. The lifting traction component is used to drive the external sampler to move up and down. The external sampler includes a housing (5), multiple telescopic arms (6) slidably arranged along the top of the housing (5), a drive disk (7) rotatably mounted on the housing (5), a drive motor (8) built into the housing (5), and a sampling component mounted on the end of the telescopic arm (6) away from the drive disk (7). The drive motor (8) provides power for the rotation of the drive disk (7). The drive disk (7) is provided with Multiple circumferentially distributed arc-shaped grooves (9) are arranged corresponding to the telescopic arm (6). The arc-shaped grooves (9) extend from the middle of the drive disk (7) to the edge of the drive disk (7). A sliding column (10) extending into the corresponding arc-shaped groove (9) is fixedly installed at one end of the telescopic arm (6) near the drive disk (7). The sampling component includes a mounting base (11) fixedly installed on the telescopic arm (6) and two half-ring cups (12) hingedly installed on the mounting base (11). A receiving mechanism for receiving soil samples is installed on the transverse drive component (4). The receiving mechanism includes a stand (18) and multiple receiving components. The multiple receiving components are arranged corresponding to the multiple sampling components. The receiving component includes a receiving hopper (20). A semi-circular slice (24) is provided in the receiving hopper (20). A knife slit (25) corresponding to the semi-circular slice (24) is provided at the half-ring cup (12).

2. The depth-adjustable soil sampling and collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling component also includes two torsion springs (13), a drive arm (14) hinged to the mounting base (11), a connector (15) and an arc-shaped component (16). The two half-ring cups (12) are elastically connected to the mounting base (11) through the two torsion springs (13). The two ends of the arc-shaped component (16) are respectively hinged to the two half-ring cups (12). One end of the connector (15) is hinged to the end of the drive arm (14), and the other end of the connector (15) is hinged to the middle of the arc-shaped component (16). A fixed pulley (17) corresponding to the drive arm (14) is rotatably mounted on the housing (5). The fixed pulley (17) slides in contact with the drive arm (14). The drive arm (14) includes a horizontal arm section and an upper concave arm section.

3. The depth-adjustable soil sampling and collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stand (18) is provided with an opening (19) that allows an outward-expanding sampler to pass through, and the receiving hopper (20) is radially slidably installed on the stand (18) along the opening (19).

4. The depth-adjustable soil sampling and collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The receiving component also includes slide rods (21) installed on both sides of the receiving hopper (20) and push-pull handles (22) connecting the ends of the two slide rods (21). The frame (18) is equipped with guide seats (23) located on both sides of the receiving hopper (20), and the slide rods (21) are slidably installed on the guide seats (23).

5. The depth-adjustable soil sampling and collection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lifting traction component includes a winch (26) and a rope (27). The top of the housing (5) is fixedly installed with a mounting plate (28) located on the upper part of the drive plate (7). The outer diameter of the mounting plate (28) is larger than the outer diameter of the drive plate (7). One end of the rope (27) is connected to the winch (26), and the other end of the rope (27) is connected to the mounting plate (28).

6. The depth-adjustable soil sampling and collection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a number of straightening components that are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the housing (5). The straightening components include a first telescopic cylinder (29) installed on the outer wall of the housing (5), an arc frame (30) installed on the output end of the first telescopic cylinder (29), and a roller (31) rotatably installed on the arc frame (30).

7. The depth-adjustable soil sampling and collection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drilling mechanism includes a drill barrel (32) and a rotary drive (40) mounted on a transverse drive (4). The bottom of the drill barrel (32) is provided with circumferentially distributed drill teeth (33). The drill barrel (32) includes multiple standard sections, which are detachably connected end to end. The lower part of the drilling machine body (1) is provided with a clamp for clamping the outer wall of the drill barrel (32). The clamp includes two symmetrically arranged second telescopic cylinders (34) and a jaw clamp (35) mounted on the output end of the second telescopic cylinders (34).

8. The depth-adjustable soil sampling and collection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The standard cylindrical section has spiral ribs (36) on its inner wall.

9. The depth-adjustable soil sampling and collection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The winch (26) is equipped with a limit frame (37) at the bottom, and the arc frame (30) is equipped with an arc shovel plate (38) at the bottom. The arc shovel plates (38) on the multiple arc frames (30) are closed to form a cylindrical shape.

10. The depth-adjustable soil sampling and collection device according to claim 9, characterized in that, A meter counter (39) is installed on the limiting frame (37), which is used to measure the lifting height of the rope (27).

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