A kind of recording the flying point load tester of stone splashing

Abstract

The application discloses a recording broken stone splashing movement point load tester, which comprises a background plate, an experiment frame, a breaking table, a breaking mechanism and a clamping mechanism.The background plate comprises a bottom grid plate and a side grid plate, and the side grid plate is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the bottom grid plate.The experiment frame is installed on the top of the bottom grid plate.The breaking table is installed on the experiment frame.The breaking mechanism is installed on the experiment frame.The clamping mechanism is provided with two groups, and the two groups of clamping mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the experiment frame and located above the breaking table.The protection mechanism comprises a tempered transparent protective cover and a video acquisition mechanism.The video acquisition mechanism is installed on the top of the bottom grid plate and connected with a controller.The application can realize non-contact measurement of the basic geometric shape indexes of original and broken stone blocks, provide a theoretical basis for subsequent calculation of point load strength, and greatly simplify the test process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of point load testing technology, and in particular to a point load testing instrument capable of recording the motion of flying debris. Background Technology

[0002] Point load testing is one of the core testing methods for determining the mechanical properties of rocks in geotechnical engineering. Its core principle is to apply a concentrated load to a rock sample using symmetrically arranged loading cones until the sample fails. The point load strength is then calculated from the measured failure load, allowing for the evaluation of key indicators such as uniaxial compressive strength, weathering degree, and rock mass classification. It is widely used in various engineering scenarios, including mining, tunneling, roadbed construction, and slope protection. Currently, mainstream point load testing instruments are mainly divided into three categories: manual screw type, hydraulically driven type, and fully automatic electronically controlled type. The core components include a loading mechanism, force sensing components, a support frame, and a data acquisition terminal. Some high-end equipment has achieved functions such as closed-loop control of loading speed, real-time acquisition of load data, automatic measurement of rock sample dimensions, and parameter conversion.

[0003] While existing technologies can detect rock samples, some problems still exist. Existing equipment, when equipped with trajectory acquisition functions, mostly uses monocular cameras, which cannot accurately reconstruct the three-dimensional trajectory of rock fragments. It can only acquire two-dimensional planar data, resulting in significant deviations in the calculation of parameters such as splash speed, kinetic energy, and spatial landing point. This makes it impossible to provide accurate quantitative basis for engineering protection design, and still requires reliance on experience-based judgment, which can easily lead to problems of redundant or insufficient protection.

[0004] Existing clamping structures lack multi-dimensional adjustment capabilities, cannot adapt to rock samples of different sizes and shapes, and have low alignment accuracy between the clamping center and the force center of the loading cone, easily leading to uneven load application due to force misalignment, affecting the accuracy of strength test results. Furthermore, the inability to flexibly adjust the force position of the rock sample limits the breadth and depth of research on rock failure mechanisms. Therefore, this invention provides a load testing instrument capable of recording the motion of flying debris. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a test instrument for recording the load of the moving point of flying gravel, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a test instrument for recording the motion point load of flying gravel, comprising: Background panel, comprising a bottom grid panel and side grid panels, wherein the side grid panels are fixedly connected to one side of the top of the bottom grid panel; An experimental rack, which is mounted on top of the bottom grid plate; A crushing table, which is mounted on the experimental frame; A crushing mechanism, which is mounted on the experimental frame; The clamping mechanism is provided in two sets, which are symmetrically arranged on the experimental frame and located above the crushing table. The protective mechanism includes a tempered transparent protective cover 11, which is set above the experimental frame to prevent flying stones from leaving the crushing table 9.

[0007] A video acquisition mechanism is mounted on a 360° rotating chuck to ensure that stone particles can be captured from multiple angles and locations. The video acquisition mechanism is connected to a controller mounted on the experimental frame, and the crushing mechanism is also connected to the controller.

[0008] According to the present invention, the test apparatus for recording the motion point load of gravel splashing is provided. The test frame includes a base plate, a top plate, and a plurality of support columns disposed between the top plate and the base plate. The top plate and the base plate are arranged opposite each other, and the plurality of support columns are all vertically fixed between the top plate and the base plate.

[0009] According to the present invention, the crushing mechanism includes a top hydraulic cylinder and a bottom hydraulic cylinder. The top hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the top plate, and the bottom hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the top of the bottom plate. The top hydraulic cylinder and the bottom hydraulic cylinder are arranged opposite each other, and the top of the bottom hydraulic cylinder passes through the crushing table.

[0010] According to the present invention, the clamping mechanism includes a telescopic rod, a positioning component, and rubber clamping claws. The positioning component is detachably connected to the support column, the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the positioning component, and the axis of the telescopic rod is parallel to the top surface of the crushing table. The rubber clamping claws are fixed to the output end of the telescopic rod by a mounting plate, and the rubber clamping claws of the two sets of clamping mechanisms are arranged correspondingly.

[0011] According to the present invention, the positioning component includes a sliding sleeve that is slidably mounted on the support column. A nut is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding sleeve, and a screw is internally threaded onto the nut. One end of the screw passes through the side wall of the sliding sleeve and abuts against the outer wall of the support column. A rotating plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the screw. The telescopic rod is symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding sleeve.

[0012] According to the present invention, the video acquisition mechanism of the device for recording the motion point load of rock splashing includes a mounting frame, which is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom grid plate, and a binocular camera is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame. The binocular camera is connected to the controller.

[0013] According to the present invention, a test instrument for recording the motion point load of flying debris is provided, wherein the output end of the top hydraulic cylinder and the output end of the bottom hydraulic cylinder are respectively equipped with conical heads.

[0014] According to the present invention, the load test instrument for recording the motion point of flying gravel is provided with a frosted layer on the outer wall of the support column.

[0015] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: This invention uses a background plate composed of a bottom grid plate and side grid plates to form a three-dimensional positioning coordinate system. Combined with a video acquisition mechanism, it realizes non-contact measurement of stones. Compared with using vernier calipers and visually observing the geometric dimensions of stones and their fracture surfaces, the binocular recognition system can more intuitively and comprehensively obtain the geometric morphology indicators of stones. This provides accurate and intuitive experimental evidence for the study of specimen crushing mechanism, stone fragmentation law, and particle size distribution after crushing, thereby enhancing the depth and scientific nature of experimental research.

[0016] This invention employs a modular structural design, with clearly defined functions and robust connections for components such as the background plate, experimental frame, and crushing mechanism, facilitating installation, debugging, and maintenance. The controller centrally controls the crushing mechanism, clamping mechanism, and video acquisition mechanism, simplifying the operation process and allowing personnel to complete experiments without complex procedures, thus reducing the difficulty of experimental operation. Simultaneously, the clamping mechanism is flexibly adjustable to accommodate specimens of different sizes and specifications, expanding the applicability of the device and meeting the point load crushing test requirements for various materials such as rock and concrete. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the test instrument for recording the motion point load of flying gravel in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental frame of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the test instrument for recording the motion point load of flying gravel in this invention.

[0021] The components include: 1. Bottom grid plate; 2. Side grid plate; 3. Base plate; 4. Support column; 5. Top plate; 6. Clamping mechanism; 61. Sliding sleeve; 62. Nut; 63. Threaded rod; 64. Rotating plate; 66. Telescopic rod; 67. Mounting plate; 68. Rubber clamping claw; 7. Top hydraulic cylinder; 8. Bottom hydraulic cylinder; 9. Crushing table; 10. Mounting frame; 11. Binocular camera; 12. Controller; 14. Tempered transparent protective cover. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Reference Figures 1-3 The present invention provides a test instrument for recording the load of the moving point of flying gravel, comprising: The background board includes a bottom grid board 1 and a side grid board 2, with the side grid board 2 fixedly connected to one side of the top of the bottom grid board 1; The experimental rack is installed on top of the bottom grid plate 1; Crushing table 9 is installed on the experimental frame; Crushing mechanism, which is installed on the experimental frame; Clamping mechanism 6, there are two sets of clamping mechanisms 6, the two sets of clamping mechanisms 6 are symmetrically arranged on the experimental frame, and the two sets of clamping mechanisms 6 are located above the crushing table 9; The protective mechanism includes a tempered transparent protective cover 11, which is set above the experimental frame to prevent flying stones from leaving the crushing table 9. The size of the tempered transparent protective cover 11 should be slightly larger than the crushing table 9. It is made of high-strength tempered glass and can ensure that stones do not fall outside the crushing table 9 without affecting the shooting clarity of the video acquisition mechanism, thus protecting the lens of the video acquisition mechanism.

[0025] The video acquisition mechanism is installed on the top of the bottom grid plate 1 and is connected to the controller 12. The controller 12 is installed on the experimental frame and the crushing mechanism is connected to the controller 12. Before the experiment, all components of the device were debugged to ensure that the experimental frame, crushing table 9, crushing mechanism, clamping mechanism 6, and video acquisition mechanism were all in normal working condition. The controller 12 was adjusted to the preset parameters to ensure a stable signal connection between the crushing mechanism and the video acquisition mechanism and the controller 12. Then, the test specimen was placed at the designated position on the crushing table 9. The controller 12 was activated to control the two symmetrically arranged clamping mechanisms 6 to move synchronously, adjusting the clamping force and position to firmly clamp the specimen above the crushing table 9, ensuring that the specimen did not shift during the experiment. The bottom grid plate 1 and side grid plates 2 of the background were adjusted to ensure they were clearly visible within the shooting range. The video acquisition mechanism was then activated to begin real-time shooting of the specimen and its surrounding area. Next, the crushing mechanism is activated via controller 12. Under the control of controller 12, the crushing mechanism slowly applies a point load to the specimen until it breaks. During the crushing process, the generated debris splashes in all directions. The bottom grid plate 1 and the side grid plates 2 form a three-dimensional positioning background. The video acquisition mechanism continuously captures the entire process of debris splashing and transmits the captured video data to controller 12 for storage in real time. After the specimen is completely broken, controller 12 controls the crushing mechanism to stop working, the video acquisition mechanism stops recording simultaneously, and the clamping mechanism 6 is released, completing the test. The operator can retrieve the stored video data and load application data through controller 12, and combine the background grid to locate the movement trajectory and landing point of the debris splashing.

[0026] The design is further optimized. The experimental frame includes a base plate 3, a top plate 5, and several support columns 4 set between the top plate 5 and the base plate 3. The top plate 5 and the base plate 3 are positioned opposite each other, and the support columns 4 are all vertically fixed between the top plate 5 and the base plate 3.

[0027] The scheme is further optimized. The crushing mechanism includes a top hydraulic cylinder 7 and a bottom hydraulic cylinder 8. The top hydraulic cylinder 7 is installed on the top plate 5, and the bottom hydraulic cylinder 8 is fixed on the top of the bottom plate 3. The top hydraulic cylinder 7 and the bottom hydraulic cylinder 8 are arranged opposite each other, and the top of the bottom hydraulic cylinder 8 passes through the crushing table 9.

[0028] The scheme is further optimized. The clamping mechanism 6 includes a telescopic rod 66, a positioning component and a rubber clamping claw 68. The positioning component is detachably connected to the support column 4. The telescopic rod 66 is fixedly connected to the positioning component, and the axis of the telescopic rod 66 is parallel to the top surface of the crushing table 9. The rubber clamping claw 68 is fixed to the output end of the telescopic rod 66 through the mounting plate 67, and the rubber clamping claws 68 of the two sets of clamping mechanisms 6 are arranged accordingly.

[0029] The scheme is further optimized. The positioning component includes a sliding sleeve 61, which is mounted on the support column 4. A nut 62 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 61. A screw is threaded into the nut 62. One end of the screw passes through the side wall of the sliding sleeve 61 and abuts against the outer wall of the support column 4. A rotating plate 64 is fixedly connected to the other end of the screw. A telescopic rod 66 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 61.

[0030] The solution is further optimized. The video acquisition mechanism includes a mounting frame 10, which is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom grid plate 1. A binocular camera 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame 10, and the binocular camera 11 is connected to the controller 12.

[0031] To further optimize the design, conical heads are installed at the output ends of the top hydraulic cylinder 7 and the bottom hydraulic cylinder 8, respectively.

[0032] The design was further optimized by adding a frosted layer to the outer wall of support column 4.

[0033] Work methods: Step 1, Pre-experiment preparation and component debugging: 1. Check the condition of each component of the device, and confirm that the experimental frame (composed of a base plate 3, a top plate 5 and several support columns 4 vertically fixed between the two) is firmly connected, and that the outer wall of the support column 4 has no wear or debris on the frosted layer; the crushing table 9 is stably installed, and the top hydraulic cylinder 7 (installed on the top plate 5) and the bottom hydraulic cylinder 8 (fixed on the top of the base plate 3) are arranged opposite each other, and the top of the bottom hydraulic cylinder 8 passes smoothly through the crushing table 9, and the conical heads at the output ends of both are undamaged and not loose.

[0034] 2. Adjusting the clamping mechanism 6: The sliding sleeve 61 of the positioning component (composed of sliding sleeve 61, nut 62, screw, and rotating plate 64) is placed on the support column 4. According to the size of the rock sample to be tested, the sliding sleeve 61 is moved up and down to a suitable height. The rotating plate 64 is rotated to drive the screw to rotate, so that one end of the screw passes through the side wall of the sliding sleeve 61 and abuts tightly against the outer wall of the support column 4 (by using the frosted layer of the support column 4 to increase the friction), thus realizing the firm fixation of the positioning component on the support column 4.

[0035] 3. Clamping the rock sample: Adjust the telescopic rod 66 of the clamping mechanism 6 (fixed on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 61 of the positioning component, with its axis parallel to the top surface of the crushing table 9) to push the mounting plate 67 and the rubber clamping claws 68 fixed on the mounting plate 67 to move laterally. The two sets of clamping mechanisms 6 move synchronously, so that the two sets of rubber clamping claws 68 clamp the rock sample accordingly, ensuring that the center of the rock sample is aligned with the conical head of the top hydraulic cylinder 7 and the bottom hydraulic cylinder 8. After ensuring that the rock particles are stable, before applying the point load, gradually remove the rubber clamping claws 68 at a slower speed.

[0036] 4. Start the video acquisition mechanism: Confirm that the mounting bracket 10 of the video acquisition mechanism is fixed to one side of the bottom grid plate 1, and the binocular camera 11 is fixed to the top of the mounting bracket 10 at a suitable angle. Start the controller 12 to establish a normal connection between the binocular camera 11 and the controller 12. Preheat the binocular camera 11 to ensure that it can clearly capture the bottom grid plate 1, the side grid plate 2 and the surrounding area of ​​the rock sample. The images obtained by the camera can be synchronously transmitted to the control module. By using the parallax of the same point in different images, the three-dimensional coordinates of the point can be obtained.

[0037] Step 2, Loading crushing and data acquisition: 1. Set the loading parameters (such as loading speed, loading pressure threshold, etc.) of the top hydraulic cylinder 7 and the bottom hydraulic cylinder 8 through the controller 12. After confirming that the parameters are correct, start the crushing mechanism through the controller 12. The top hydraulic cylinder 7 drives the cone head to move downward and the bottom hydraulic cylinder 8 drives the cone head to move upward. The two work together to apply a symmetrical concentrated load to the rock sample.

[0038] 2. During the loading process, the stress state of the rock sample is observed in real time. The rock sample is gradually stressed until it breaks. The broken stones are splashed in all directions. The bottom grid plate 1 and the side grid plate 2 serve as a natural positioning background, providing a clear spatial positioning reference for the binocular camera 11 to take pictures.

[0039] 3. At the start of the experiment, the binocular camera 11 starts shooting synchronously, capturing dual-view images of the flying debris in real time. The three-dimensional motion trajectory of the debris is accurately reconstructed through parallax analysis, and the captured images and trajectory data are transmitted to the controller 12 in real time. At the same time, the controller 12 collects the loading pressure data of the top hydraulic cylinder 7 and the bottom hydraulic cylinder 8 in real time, forms a load change curve, and timestamps and associates the load data with the debris flying trajectory data, storing them in the built-in storage unit of the controller 12.

[0040] Step 3, Experiment Closure and Data Processing: 1. When the rock sample is completely broken or the loading pressure reaches the set threshold, the controller 12 automatically controls the top hydraulic cylinder 7 and the bottom hydraulic cylinder 8 to stop loading and drives them to reset to their initial positions.

[0041] 2. After the test, turn off the binocular camera 11, clean the crushing table 9 and the bottom grid plate 1, and clean the crushed stones blocked by the side grid plate 2 at the same time to ensure that all parts of the device are clean.

[0042] 3. The controller 12 retrieves real-time stored loading pressure data, three-dimensional splash trajectory of crushed stone, and image data of the original stone and crushed particles. Combined with the positioning reference of the bottom grid plate 1 and the side grid plate 2, and with the visual difference of the same point in different images, the three-dimensional coordinates of the key point are obtained. The point load intensity is converted and the subsequent analysis of the crushed stone splash motion parameters (such as splash speed, kinetic energy, spatial landing point, etc.) is performed to complete this experiment.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0044] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test apparatus for recording the point load of flying debris, characterized in that, include: Background panel, the background panel includes a bottom grid panel (1) and a side grid panel (2), the side grid panel (2) being fixedly connected to one side of the top of the bottom grid panel (1); An experimental rack, which is mounted on top of the bottom grid plate (1); Crushing table (9), said crushing table (9) is installed on the experimental frame; A crushing mechanism, which is mounted on the experimental frame; Clamping mechanism (6), the clamping mechanism (6) is provided in two sets, the two sets of clamping mechanisms (6) are symmetrically arranged on the experimental frame, and the two sets of clamping mechanisms (6) are located above the crushing table (9); The protective mechanism includes a tempered transparent protective cover (11) positioned above the experimental frame to prevent flying stones from leaving the crushing table (9). The video acquisition mechanism is installed on the top of the bottom grid plate (1) and is connected to the controller (12). The controller (12) is installed on the experimental frame and the crushing mechanism is connected to the controller (12).

2. The test apparatus for recording the motion point load of flying gravel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The experimental frame includes a base plate (3), a top plate (5), and a number of support columns (4) disposed between the top plate (5) and the base plate (3). The top plate (5) and the base plate (3) are arranged opposite each other, and the number of support columns (4) are all vertically fixed between the top plate (5) and the base plate (3).

3. The test apparatus for recording the motion point load of flying gravel as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The crushing mechanism includes a top hydraulic cylinder (7) and a bottom hydraulic cylinder (8). The top hydraulic cylinder (7) is mounted on the top plate (5), and the bottom hydraulic cylinder (8) is fixed on the top of the bottom plate (3). The top hydraulic cylinder (7) and the bottom hydraulic cylinder (8) are arranged opposite each other, and the top of the bottom hydraulic cylinder (8) passes through the crushing table (9).

4. The test apparatus for recording the motion point load of flying gravel as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism (6) includes a telescopic rod (66), a positioning component, and rubber clamping claws (68). The positioning component is detachably connected to the support column (4). The telescopic rod (66) is fixedly connected to the positioning component, and the axis of the telescopic rod (66) is parallel to the top surface of the crushing table (9). The rubber clamping claws (68) are fixed to the output end of the telescopic rod (66) by a mounting plate (67), and the rubber clamping claws (68) of the two sets of clamping mechanisms (6) are arranged correspondingly.

5. A test apparatus for recording the motion point load of flying gravel as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The positioning component includes a sliding sleeve (61), which is mounted on the support column (4). A nut (62) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding sleeve (61), and a screw is threadedly connected to the nut (62). One end of the screw passes through the side wall of the sliding sleeve (61) and abuts against the outer wall of the support column (4). A rotating plate (64) is fixedly connected to the other end of the screw. The telescopic rod (66) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding sleeve (61).

6. The test apparatus for recording the motion point load of flying gravel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The video acquisition mechanism includes a mounting frame (10), which is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom grid plate (1). A binocular camera (11) is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame (10), and the binocular camera (11) is connected to the controller (12).

7. A test apparatus for recording the motion point load of flying gravel as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The output end of the top hydraulic cylinder (7) and the output end of the bottom hydraulic cylinder (8) are respectively equipped with conical heads.

8. A test apparatus for recording the motion point load of flying gravel as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The outer wall of the support column (4) is provided with a frosted layer.

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