An emergency material management system based on real-time state perception

Abstract

The application discloses an emergency material management system based on real-time state sensing, and relates to the technical field of emergency material management. The system comprises a man-machine interaction module, a central processing module and a data acquisition module. The system is configured to receive an inventory instruction and wake up the central processing module; the central processing module controls the data acquisition module to acquire original material data in an electromagnetic shielding space formed by multiple drawers; the central processing module processes the original material data to evaluate the state of the materials and perform consistency checking with the last effective inventory result to determine the missing state of the materials; finally, based on the state and the missing state of the materials, a hierarchical visual inventory report is generated and displayed. The application solves the technical problem that effective radio frequency identification inventory cannot be performed in a closed metal multi-layer container, realizes rapid, accurate and non-invasive material inventory, and improves management efficiency and data real-time performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of emergency supplies management technology, and more specifically, to an emergency supplies management system based on real-time status awareness. Background Technology

[0002] In scenarios requiring precise management of large quantities of supplies, such as hospitals and warehouses, especially in the management of emergency supplies in ambulances, severe technical challenges exist. Traditional inventory methods rely primarily on manual labor, which not only consumes significant human resources but also has long cycles, fails to achieve real-time inventory monitoring, and results in serious information delays. More seriously, manual inventory requires opening all storage units (such as drawers), increasing the risk of contamination of sterile supplies. While existing technologies include automation technologies such as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), the storage containers in ambulances are typically made of metal, forming a Faraday cage that severely shields internal and external electromagnetic signals. This makes traditional external RFID reading solutions physically impractical, failing to resolve the fundamental technical challenge of precise inventory management within enclosed, multi-layered metal containers. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an emergency supplies management system based on real-time status awareness. The system includes: a human-computer interaction module configured to receive an inventory command input by a user; a central processing module configured to be activated based on the inventory command; and a data acquisition module including multiple acquisition sub-units respectively deployed in multiple drawers. The central processing module is further configured to: control the data acquisition module to perform partitioned isolated data acquisition, wherein the partitioned isolated data acquisition includes: sequentially sending acquisition commands to the multiple acquisition sub-units to drive the acquisition sub-units to collect data on the supplies in the drawers within an electromagnetically shielded space formed by the drawers, obtaining raw supply data; processing the raw supply data to assess the status of the supplies and performing consistency verification with the previous valid inventory result to determine the missing status of the supplies; generating a hierarchical visual inventory report based on the status of the supplies and the missing status of the supplies, and controlling the human-computer interaction module to display the hierarchical visual inventory report.

[0004] Optionally, the central processing module includes a power management unit, which integrates a power monitoring circuit. Before controlling the data acquisition module to perform partitioned isolated data acquisition, the central processing module is also configured to: perform a power self-test through the power monitoring circuit to obtain the current battery's remaining power, and when the remaining power is lower than a preset low power threshold, overlay a low power alarm message on the hierarchical visual inventory report.

[0005] Optionally, the central processing module is configured to process the original material data to evaluate the status of the materials, including: traversing the original material data and querying an internal material information database for each tag data in the original material data to verify the tag data; for each verified tag data, extracting an expiration date field from the tag data and calculating a remaining expiration date value of the material in conjunction with an internal real-time clock; comparing the remaining expiration date value with a preset two-level threshold to mark a status tag for the material, the status tag including normal, near expiration, or expired.

[0006] Optionally, the central processing module is configured to perform a consistency check with the previous valid inventory result to determine the missing status of materials, including: comparing the current inventory list generated by this inventory with the previous valid inventory result stored in non-volatile memory; if an item exists in the previous valid inventory result but does not exist in the current inventory list, then a suspected missing status tag is added to the item.

[0007] Optionally, after the consistency check, the central processing module is further configured to: employ a write-replace strategy to securely update the current inventory list to the new previous valid inventory result, wherein the write-replace strategy includes: writing the current inventory list to a temporary file, deleting the old previous valid inventory result file after the temporary file is successfully written, and renaming the temporary file.

[0008] Optionally, the central processing module is configured to generate the hierarchical visual inventory report, including: generating a main interface containing multiple drawer icons representing all drawers, wherein if a drawer contains materials in an abnormal state, the drawer icon corresponding to that drawer is highlighted with a specific visual effect.

[0009] Optionally, the central processing module is further configured to: in response to a user's click on any of the drawer icons, render and display a detailed view that simulates the internal layout of the drawer and labels the name, expiration date, and status of each item in the drawer.

[0010] Optionally, the acquisition subunit is configured to acquire data on materials inside the drawer within the electromagnetically shielded space formed by the drawer, including: the radio frequency identification (RFID) reader of the acquisition subunit driving a connected planar antenna to transmit a radio frequency signal of a specific frequency inside the drawer to activate all materials in the drawer that are affixed with RFID tags; the RFID tags transmitting their stored information back to the planar antenna via backscatter modulation technology for reception by the RFID reader, thereby obtaining the original material data.

[0011] Optionally, the housing of each drawer is electromagnetically shielded.

[0012] Optionally, the acquisition subunit includes a passive UHF RFID tag, a near-field optimized planar antenna, and an RFID reader core board. The RFID tag and the RFID reader core board comply with the ISO / IEC 18000-6C communication protocol.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: By transforming each drawer into an independent electromagnetically shielded data acquisition anechoic chamber and incorporating a dedicated RFID antenna and reader, the shielding problem of RFID signals by metal containers is fundamentally overcome. Employing a distributed scanning protocol with on-demand wake-up, it achieves second-level, non-intrusive, one-click inventory checks, greatly improving inventory efficiency and accuracy while reducing labor costs and the risk of material contamination. Simultaneously, the system can detect changes in the physical location and missing status of materials in real time through consistency verification, providing unprecedented real-time performance, accuracy, and efficiency for emergency material management. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the functional modules of an emergency supplies management system based on real-time status awareness, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a material inventory method provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 3 A detailed flowchart illustrating a partitioned isolated data acquisition method provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram showing an overview of the overall state of a drawer displayed by a human-computer interaction module provided in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0021] This embodiment provides an integrated, RFID-based, distributed, non-intrusive inventory architecture. In a specific implementation, this method transforms each drawer of a recovery vehicle into an independent, electromagnetically shielded anechoic chamber for data acquisition, and places a dedicated near-field antenna in each chamber. This enables precise, high-speed, and low-power wireless inventory counting within a sealed, multi-layered metal container. This method solves the technical problem in existing technologies where the Faraday cage effect of the metal container shields RF signals, preventing effective automated inventory counting. It reduces the manual inventory counting process, which takes tens of minutes, to within seconds, significantly improves data real-time performance and accuracy, and simultaneously reduces labor costs and the risk of material contamination. Example 1

[0022] Reference Figure 2 This application provides a material inventory method, which can be applied to... Figure 1 The system shown. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the emergency supplies management system according to an embodiment of this application is shown. The system may include a human-machine interface module 300, a central processing module 200, and a data acquisition module 100. The data acquisition module 100 includes multiple acquisition sub-units, each disposed in a multiple drawer. The central processing module 200 is electrically connected to both the human-machine interface module 300 and the data acquisition module 100. The method may include the following steps: S100: Receive an inventory count instruction and wake up a central processing module based on the inventory count instruction.

[0023] In one specific implementation scenario of this application, the inventory system is deployed on a hospital emergency rescue vehicle. The human-machine interface module 300 can physically be an industrial-grade capacitive touchscreen with a robust housing, fixed to the handle of the rescue vehicle, and integrates a highly reliable independent physical "one-key press" button. When nursing staff need to check the supplies in the vehicle, they can directly press this physical button. Pressing the button closes a mechanical switch, thereby generating a clear level transition signal in its connected circuit. Exemplarily, one end of the button is grounded, and the other end is connected to a 3.3V power supply voltage through a pull-up resistor, and simultaneously connected to a general-purpose input / output (GPIO) pin of the central processing module 200. In standby mode, the GPIO pin detects a high level of 3.3V. When the button is pressed, the pin is pulled directly to ground, generating a falling edge from high to low. The main control microcontroller (MCU) of the central processing module 200 is configured to configure this GPIO pin as an external interrupt input pin and set to falling edge trigger mode.

[0024] For the vast majority of the time, to significantly reduce system power consumption and extend battery life, the MCU is in a deep sleep mode. In this mode, the MCU's core clock is stopped, most peripherals are turned off, and system power consumption can be reduced to the microamp (µA) level. However, the GPIO pins configured as external interrupts and their associated interrupt controller logic remain minimally active. When the falling edge signal arrives at this pin, it triggers a hardware interrupt event, which directly affects the MCU's power management logic, thereby waking the MCU from deep sleep mode. The wake-up process includes: restarting the MCU's main clock source (e.g., a high-frequency crystal oscillator), restoring power to the processor core, the CPU reading the entry address of the interrupt service routine from the preset interrupt vector table, and starting to execute the first instruction of the routine.

[0025] At this point, the entire central processing module 200 transitions from an external physical operation, from a near-zero-power static state, to a fully active working state, preparing for subsequent data acquisition and processing. This process typically takes only milliseconds, appearing instantaneous to the user. This design not only provides an intuitive and reliable user interaction method but also achieves an ultra-low-power design for on-demand operation through a hardware interrupt-based wake-up mechanism, meeting the long standby time requirements of medical devices. Those skilled in the art will understand that the inventory command can also be triggered by a virtual button on the touchscreen of the human-machine interface module 300, which can also generate an electrical signal to wake up the central processing module 200; this application does not limit this.

[0026] Before executing subsequent data acquisition procedures, the system can perform a self-test. In a preferred embodiment, the method further includes a power self-test step. Specifically, after the MCU is woken up in S100, one of the first instructions it executes is to query the current power status of the system. The central processing module 200 integrates a power management unit (PMU), which is a complex integrated circuit responsible for managing the system's rechargeable lithium battery. The PMU contains a key sub-circuit, namely the power monitoring circuit, commonly referred to as a "coulomb counter" or "fuel gauge." This circuit monitors the magnitude and direction of the current flowing through the battery in real time by connecting a very small precision sampling resistor in series with the positive or negative terminal of the battery. By integrating over time, the PMU can accurately calculate the total amount of charge flowing into or out of the battery (charging). Combining the battery's nominal total capacity (e.g., 2000mAh) and a preset battery voltage-capacity curve model, the PMU can estimate the current remaining battery percentage with considerable accuracy. The MCU sends a query command to the PMU via a communication bus such as I2C or SPI. The PMU then returns the calculated battery percentage value to the MCU. Upon receiving this value, the MCU compares it to a low battery threshold preset in the system firmware. This threshold is a key configurable parameter used to balance the timeliness of alarms with avoiding unnecessary interference.

[0027] For example, the low battery threshold can be set to 20%. This value is set to ensure that after an alarm is issued, the battery still has enough power to support the system in completing several full inventory checks and other possible emergency functions, while avoiding frequent alarms due to an excessively high threshold. If the MCU determines that the current battery level (e.g., 15%) is below the threshold (20%), it will immediately generate a high-priority alarm message. This message can be a specific formatted data packet instructing the human-machine interface module 300 to overlay a visually striking symbol, such as a red, flashing battery icon, on the top layer of the screen (regardless of the currently displayed interface). Importantly, even if the battery is too low, the inventory process will not be interrupted but will continue. The logic behind this design is that the inventory operation itself is a critical task and cannot be prevented by insufficient power, but the risk of a low power status must be clearly communicated to the operator so that they can arrange charging in a timely manner. If the current battery level (e.g., 75%) is above the threshold, no alarm message is generated, and the process continues silently. This self-check step ensures the reliability of the system and gives the user a clear understanding of the device's health status.

[0028] S200: The central processing module controls the data acquisition module to perform partitioned isolated data acquisition. The data acquisition module includes multiple acquisition sub-units respectively deployed in multiple drawers. The partitioned isolated data acquisition includes: the central processing module sequentially sends acquisition commands to the multiple acquisition sub-units to drive the acquisition sub-units to collect data on the materials in the drawers within the electromagnetic shielding space formed by the drawers, and obtain raw material data.

[0029] This step addresses the fundamental challenge of RFID reading in an all-metal environment through a strategy combining temporal and spatial partitioning. Firstly, at the spatial partitioning level, each drawer of the rescue cart is designed as an independent electromagnetic shield, essentially a data acquisition anechoic chamber. This is achieved by integrating radio frequency signal absorbing materials or applying a metal shielding layer to the six inner surfaces of the drawer (or within the material used to manufacture the drawer). Furthermore, the gaps between the drawer and the cart body, such as the slide rails, are specially designed (e.g., using overlapping structures or radio frequency shielding pads) to prevent electromagnetic wave leakage. When the drawer is closed, its interior forms a space highly electromagnetically isolated from the outside environment and other drawers. Each drawer houses an acquisition subunit, the core of which is an RFID reader core board and one or more optimized near-field planar antennas. These antennas are cleverly integrated into the drawer's inner top panel or sidewalls to create the most uniform field coverage within the drawer's interior space.

[0030] At the time partitioning level, the central processing module 200 acts as the overall commander, activating these acquisition sub-units one by one using a serial polling method. The specific process is as follows: The MCU maintains a list or sequence representing all drawers, such as drawer numbers from top to bottom. After the inventory process begins, the MCU first sends a start acquisition command to the first target in the sequence, namely the acquisition sub-unit of drawer number 1.

[0031] The instruction is sent via a shared internal data bus (e.g., an SPI bus). In the SPI bus architecture, the MCU acts as the master device, and each acquisition sub-unit acts as a slave device. The MCU is connected to each sub-unit via a separate Chip Select (CS) pin. Before sending the instruction, the MCU pulls down the CS pin corresponding to drawer 1, thus uniquely selecting that sub-unit on the bus. Subsequently, the MCU sends a predefined instruction code via the data line, such as 0x01 representing "start scanning and return data". Upon receiving the instruction, the reader / writer in drawer 1 is immediately fully powered on, and its radio frequency circuitry begins to operate. It drives its internal antenna to emit a specific frequency (e.g., 915MHz in the UHF band conforming to Chinese standards) signal within the precisely defined electromagnetically shielded space of drawer 1.

[0032] Due to the presence of electromagnetic shielding, this radio frequency energy field is completely confined within drawer number 1, preventing interference with other drawers and avoiding absorption or reflection by the external metal structure of the vehicle body. All items within the drawer with passive UHF RFID tags draw energy from this energy field and are activated. Based on efficient anti-collision algorithms (such as the Q algorithm or ALOHA algorithm) in the ISO / IEC 18000-6C (EPCGen2) protocol, even with dozens of tags in the drawer, the reader can communicate with each tag individually within a very short time (typically tens of milliseconds) and read their stored information. This information typically includes a globally unique EPC code (serving as the unique ID of the item) and data such as the expiration date written during initialization. The reader packages all successfully read tag data and sends it back to the MCU via the SPI bus. Upon receiving the data from drawer number 1, the MCU immediately sends a "power off" command (e.g., 0x02) and pulls its CS pin high, causing it to re-enter sleep mode. Next, the MCU repeats the exact same process: pulling low the CS pin of drawer number 2, sending it a start command, receiving its data, and then turning it off. This process proceeds rapidly, like dominoes, sequentially collecting data from all drawers until the last drawer has been fully processed. Throughout the entire process, only one drawer's RFID reader is active at any given time. This not only fundamentally avoids crosstalk and signal interference between antennas but also keeps the system's peak power consumption at the level of a single reader, greatly optimizing energy efficiency. Ultimately, a structured raw data set is formed in the MCU's memory.

[0033] For example, assuming the rescue vehicle has four drawers, the logical form of this data structure can be a dictionary or hash table: {[Drawer 1: [Original Label Data A, Original Label Data B]], [Drawer 2: []], [Drawer 3: [Original Label Data C]], [Drawer 4: [Original Label Data D, Original Label Data E, Original Label Data F]]}. Here, 'Drawer 1' is the key, representing the drawer number; the associated value is a list containing the raw data stream of all labels scanned in that drawer. The list for 'Drawer 2' is empty, indicating that no materials were scanned in that drawer. The raw data of each label (such as Original Label Data A) is a sequence of bytes, which needs to be parsed in subsequent steps.

[0034] Specific reference Figure 3The partitioned isolated data acquisition method S200 described in this application includes the following detailed steps: Step S201: The central processing module 200 initializes a drawer index variable, for example, drawerid = 1, and starts looping from a preset total drawer count variable NUMDRAWERS. Step S202: The central processing module 200 sets the chip select (CS) signal line of the acquisition sub-unit corresponding to the current drawerid to a low level through its GPIO pin, thereby uniquely selecting the sub-unit on the shared SPI bus. Step S203: The central processing module 200 sends a "start acquisition" command code to the selected acquisition sub-unit through the SPI bus. Step S204: After receiving the command, the reader core board of the target acquisition sub-unit powers on its radio frequency circuit and antenna, and transmits radio frequency signals in its drawer (i.e., electromagnetic shielding space) to perform tag scanning. Step S205: The acquisition sub-unit packages the raw data of all scanned tags and sends it back to the central processing module 200 through the SPI bus. Step S206: The central processing module 200 receives data, associates it with the current drawerid, and stores it in a temporary data structure in memory. Step S207: The central processing module 200 sends a power-off command code to the acquisition subunit and restores its CS signal line to a high level, putting it into a low-power sleep state. Step S208: The central processing module 200 increments the drawerid. Step S209: It determines whether the drawerid is greater than NUM_DRAWERS. If yes, it indicates that all drawers have been inventoried, the process ends, and it proceeds to the data processing stage S300. If not, it returns to step S202, selects the next drawer, and repeats the above process until all drawers have been traversed.

[0035] S300: The central processing module processes the original material data to assess the status of the materials and performs a consistency check with the previous valid inventory result to determine the missing status of the materials.

[0036] This step transforms the collected raw data into structured information and performs intelligent status assessment and risk warning. The entire processing flow can be broken down into multiple sub-steps.

[0037] First, data cleaning and verification are performed (S310). The MCU begins to traverse the raw inventory data structure built in S200. For each piece of raw label data collected, such as "Raw Label Data A" from drawer 1, the MCU first parses it according to preset encoding rules.

[0038] For example, the data format stored within the tag might be [Supply Type ID (2 bytes), Expiry Date Code (4 bytes)]. The MCU extracts the Supply Type ID, which is a numeric code. Then, the MCU uses this ID to query a "Supply Information Lookup Table (LUT)" stored in internal non-volatile memory (Flash). This lookup table, imported from the hospital's supply management system via USB during system initialization, establishes a mapping between supply IDs and detailed supply information (such as the name "250ml saline," specifications, standard storage location, etc.). If the query is successful, it indicates a legitimate supply recognized by the system, and its relevant information is extracted to construct a richer internal data object, then added to a temporary list representing valid scan results (denoted as CurrentScanList). If the corresponding ID is not found in the lookup table, the system marks the tag as an "unknown tag." This can happen if an unregistered item is mistakenly placed in the vehicle. The system will record this unknown ID and its corresponding drawer number in a dedicated system log for subsequent review and tracing by the administrator. However, this tag will not be included in the subsequent status evaluation process, thus ensuring the integrity of the data processing.

[0039] Next, an expiration date assessment is performed (S320 and S330). After generating a valid CurrentScanList, the MCU calculates the expiration date for each item in the list. The MCU hardware integrates a Real-Time Clock (RTC) module, powered by a separate backup battery, which maintains accurate date and time even when the main system is powered off or in hibernation. The process first extracts the expiration date field from the item's label data. This field is encoded in a specific integer format, such as 20260210 in YYYYMMDD format. The program parses this into three independent integers: year (2026), month (02), and day (10), and constructs a date object accordingly. Then, the program retrieves the current date object from the RTC module, such as 20260115. By performing a subtraction operation between the two date objects, the program obtains a precise remaining expiration date in "days," which is 26 days in this example. Next, this number of days is compared with two preset thresholds in the system configuration. These two thresholds are also key parameters that can be adjusted by authorized users. For example, threshold 1 (near-expiration threshold) can be set to 30 days, and threshold 2 (expiration threshold) can be set to 0 days. The system assigns a clear status label to each item based on the comparison results: if the remaining days are greater than 30 days, the status is "normal"; if the remaining days are between 0 and 30 days (inclusive), the status is "near-expiration"; if the remaining days are less than or equal to 0 days, the status is "expired".

[0040] Finally, a consistency check (S340) is performed. To detect abnormal consumption or loss of items, the system needs to compare the current inventory count with the previous one. The MCU reads a file named LastScanList from its non-volatile memory. This file records information about all items in stock at the time of the last successful inventory count. The processor performs an efficient difference comparison. A simple and effective method is to first extract the unique IDs of all items from LastScanList and CurrentScanList and store them in two set data structures. Then, by calculating the difference between the two sets (LastScanListIDs - CurrentScanListIDs), all item IDs that were "in stock last time but not scanned this time" can be instantly identified. For each such ID, the system adds a "suspected missing" status tag. This function is crucial for tracking items that may have been used but not recorded, or items that were accidentally missed due to signal interference.

[0041] To ensure the read / write process of LastScanList is safe under any circumstances (such as a sudden power outage during inventory), the system employs a robust write-replace atomic update strategy. After all data processing for the current inventory count is complete, the generated CurrentScanList does not directly overwrite the old LastScanList file. Instead, the system first writes the entire contents of CurrentScanList to a completely new temporary file (e.g., scantemp.dat). Only after the operating system confirms that this temporary file has been completely and error-free written to flash memory will the program execute the second step: deleting the old LastScanList file. Finally, the program executes the third step: renaming the temporary file scantemp.dat to LastScanList. This three-step process ensures that at any given time, a complete and valid inventory record (either the old one or the new one) exists in flash memory, thus avoiding the risk of data corruption.

[0042] S400: Based on the status of the materials and the missing status of the materials, generate and display a hierarchical visual inventory report.

[0043] The purpose of this step is to present the complex data, which contains rich status information and has been processed in S300, to the end user (nurse) in a highly intuitive, easy-to-understand, and in-depth manner. This step is executed by the graphics processing logic in the central processing module 200 and the display screen of the human-computer interaction module 300.

[0044] First, a general overview interface (S410) is generated. After all data analysis is complete, the M200's processor builds a data structure to drive the display. Then, it calls its internal graphics rendering library to begin drawing a completely new interface. The core design of this main interface is a status overview. It contains a set of neatly arranged icons or buttons corresponding to the physical layout of the rescue vehicle, with each icon representing a drawer. The rendering engine iterates through the final status data of all supplies. If all items in a drawer are in "normal" status, its corresponding icon is displayed in the default color, such as green.

[0045] However, if a drawer contains at least one item with a "near-expiration" status, its corresponding icon will be highlighted in a specific warning color, such as yellow. If it contains at least one "expired" item, the icon will display a higher-level warning color, such as red. If the drawer does not contain expired items but has items that are "suspected to be missing," the icon may display another warning color, such as blue. The priority of these colors can be preset, with red having the highest priority. In this way, users can get a macro-level, risk-level assessment of the overall health of the vehicle's supplies within one second with just a glance at the screen, and immediately locate the drawers that need attention, without having to check each one individually.

[0046] Secondly, an interactive, detailed micro-view is provided (S420). When a user taps a highlighted drawer icon on the M300's touchscreen (e.g., the yellow icon for drawer number 2), the M300 sends the coordinate data of the touch event to the M200. Upon receiving the event, the M200 recognizes the user's intention to query detailed information about drawer number 2. At this point, the M200 immediately renders a completely new interface, namely a detailed view of that drawer. Figure 4As shown, the core design principle of this view is precise positioning. It can be a floor plan simulating the grid layout inside the drawer. The M200 queries the material information database for the standard storage location information of each item (e.g., an item should be placed in the upper left corner of the drawer) and, combined with the real-time status generated during the inventory check, draws an icon or color block representing the item at the corresponding location on the floor plan. Each item is clearly labeled with its core information, such as the item name ("250ml saline solution"), the specific expiration date ("Expiration date: 2026-02-10"), and its current status (marked with different colors and the text "Approaching Expiration"). Items marked as "suspected missing" will still appear in their standard storage location, but may be displayed semi-transparently or in gray, clearly marked with "suspected missing," prompting the user to open the drawer for manual verification. This "drill-down" interactive design, from macro-level overview to micro-level details, greatly improves the efficiency and accuracy of information retrieval, enabling nursing staff to locate and handle problematic materials as quickly as possible. After all display updates are completed, if there is no user interaction, the system will automatically command all units of M200 and M100 to re-enter deep sleep mode after a preset timeout period (e.g., 30 seconds) to save power. Example 2

[0047] This embodiment provides an emergency supplies management system based on real-time status awareness, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown. This system is the physical carrier of the above-described method embodiments.

[0048] The system includes: Human-Computer Interaction Module 300: This module serves as the direct interface between the user and the system. In terms of hardware, it is typically implemented as a terminal device integrating an LCD display and a capacitive touch layer. The screen size is generally between 5 and 7 inches to strike a balance between displaying sufficient information and ease of installation. The module is encapsulated in a robust and waterproof housing that meets medical device standards, with a smooth surface that is easy to clean with standard disinfectants. It is securely mounted on the top of a resuscitation cart or in a convenient location such as a push handle for observation and operation. In addition to the touchscreen, the module also includes a separate, highly reliable physical keypad button. This design is made in consideration of the special nature of the medical environment; physical buttons provide clear tactile feedback, allowing for precise operation even when wearing gloves, and their reliability is generally higher than that of virtual buttons on a touchscreen.

[0049] A central processing module 200: This module is responsible for computation, control, and decision-making. Physically, it is a fully sealed embedded main control box, installed in a reserved cavity within the main structure of the rescue vehicle to prevent physical impact and liquid intrusion. Its core is a printed circuit board (PCB), on which the following key sub-components are mounted: Main control MCU: Typically, a high-performance, low-power ARM Cortex-M series microcontroller, such as the STM32 series, is selected. It is responsible for running the firmware program of the entire system and performing all tasks from wake-up, self-test, control scan to data processing and interface generation.

[0050] Non-volatile memory (Flash): Used for permanent storage of system firmware, Material Lookup Tables (LUTs), LastScanList results, and system logs, among other critical data. Its capacity is selected based on the number of material types, for example, 8MB or 16MB.

[0051] Real-time Clock (RTC) Module: Powered by an independent button cell battery, ensuring that the system maintains accurate date and time information even when the main battery is depleted or removed and replaced. This is the basis for accurately calculating the expiration date of supplies.

[0052] Power Management Unit (PMU): This is a highly integrated chip responsible for managing a rechargeable lithium battery. It not only includes the lithium battery charging management circuit (preventing overcharging and over-discharging), but also integrates the aforementioned power monitoring circuit (coulomb counter). It can precisely control the power supply of various parts of the system (including the MCU itself and all data acquisition subunits) according to the instructions of the MCU, which is the key to achieving low power consumption and long standby time of the system.

[0053] Communication interfaces include an SPI bus interface for communicating with the data acquisition module 100, a MIPI DSI or LVDS interface for outputting video signals to the human-machine interaction module 300, an I2C or GPIO interface for reading touch and button inputs from the M300, and a USB-C interface for initial data import, firmware upgrade, and device charging.

[0054] Data Acquisition Module 100: This module acts as the system's "sensors," responsible for directly interacting with materials. It is not a single entity, but a distributed network of multiple identical "drawer acquisition units," the number of which equals the number of drawers in the rescue vehicle. Each acquisition unit is a functionally independent RFID subsystem, physically integrated inside the drawer it is responsible for, for example, fixed to the inside of the drawer's top panel. Each acquisition unit is further composed of the following sub-components: RFID Reader Core Board: This is a small PCB that integrates the RFID reader chip, microcontroller, and SPI interface circuitry for communication with the M200. The reader chip is responsible for generating high-frequency radio frequency signals and decoding the weak signals returned by the tags.

[0055] Near-field optimized planar antenna: Connected to the reader core board via an RF coaxial cable. The antenna is specially optimized so that the electromagnetic field it generates is mainly concentrated in the near-field region inside the drawer, ensuring maximum reading efficiency for all tags inside the drawer and further reducing electromagnetic leakage to the outside.

[0056] Passive UHF RFID tags: These tags are affixed to the individual packaging of each item requiring inventory. Upon receipt of the goods, specialized equipment is used to write information such as the item's type ID and expiration date into the tag.

[0057] To ensure the effectiveness of the data acquisition anechoic chamber, the casing of each drawer must undergo electromagnetic shielding. This can be achieved through various technical means, such as: the drawer body itself being made of conductive metal; or a conductive coating being sprayed onto the inner wall of an ordinary plastic drawer or metal foil being pasted on; and conductive foam or metal spring pads being embedded at the joint between the drawer front panel and the drawer frame to ensure a continuous conductive path is formed when the drawer is closed, achieving a circumferential electromagnetic seal.

[0058] At the communication protocol level, in order to efficiently handle scenarios where multiple tags may respond simultaneously within a drawer (i.e., the "tag collision" problem), the system uses RFID technology that conforms to the EPC Class 1 Generation 2 (ISO / IEC 18000-6C) standard. This protocol includes an advanced anti-collision mechanism, allowing the reader to quickly and accurately identify each individual tag in a dense tag environment.

[0059] In the entire system's workflow, these modules work together: the user initiates a command through the M300, the M200 is awakened and acts as the commander, sequentially commanding each acquisition subunit in the M100 to perform a scanning task via the SPI bus. The acquisition subunits send the raw data back to the M200, the M200 analyzes the data, generates a visualized result, and then presents the result on the screen of the M300 via the MIPI DSI interface. Finally, after the task is completed, they all enter a low-power sleep state.

[0060] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit described above can be implemented in hardware.

[0061] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An emergency supplies management system based on real-time status awareness, characterized in that, The system includes: A human-computer interaction module is configured to receive an inventory command input by the user; A central processing module is configured to be activated based on the inventory command; A data acquisition module includes multiple acquisition sub-units, each located in a separate drawer; The central processing module is further configured to: The data acquisition module is controlled to perform partitioned isolated data acquisition, wherein the partitioned isolated data acquisition includes: sequentially sending acquisition commands to the plurality of acquisition sub-units to drive the acquisition sub-units to perform data acquisition on the materials in the drawer within the electromagnetic shielding space formed by the drawer, and to obtain raw material data; The original material data is processed to assess the status of the materials and to verify consistency with the previous valid inventory results in order to determine the missing status of the materials. Based on the status of the materials and the status of missing materials, a hierarchical visual inventory report is generated, and the human-computer interaction module is controlled to display the hierarchical visual inventory report.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central processing module includes a power management unit, which integrates a power monitoring circuit. Before controlling the data acquisition module to perform partitioned isolated data acquisition, the central processing module is also configured to: The power monitoring circuit performs a power self-test to obtain the current battery's remaining power. When the remaining power is lower than a preset low power threshold, a low power alarm message is overlaid and displayed in the hierarchical visual inventory report.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central processing module is configured to process the raw material data to assess the status of the materials, including: The original material data is traversed, and for each tag data item in the original material data, an internal material information database is queried to verify the tag data; For each piece of label data that passes verification, an expiration date field is extracted from the label data, and combined with an internal real-time clock, a remaining expiration date value of the material is calculated. The remaining validity period value is compared with a preset two-level threshold to mark the material with a status label, which includes normal, near expiration, or expired.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central processing module is configured to perform a consistency check with the previous valid inventory count to determine the status of missing materials, including: The current inventory list generated during this inventory count is compared with the previous valid inventory count results stored in non-volatile memory. If an item exists in the previous valid inventory result but not in the current inventory list, a suspected missing status tag is added to the item.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, After the consistency check, the central processing module is further configured to: A write-replace strategy is adopted to safely update the current inventory list with the new, previously valid inventory results. The write-replace strategy includes: Write the current inventory list to a temporary file. After the temporary file is successfully written, delete the old file containing the previous valid inventory results and rename the temporary file.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central processing module is configured to generate the hierarchical visual inventory report, including: A main interface is generated, which contains multiple drawer icons representing all drawers. If a drawer contains materials in an abnormal state, the corresponding drawer icon is highlighted with a specific visual effect.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The central processing module is also configured to: In response to a user's click on any of the drawer icons, a detailed view is rendered and displayed, which simulates the internal layout of the drawer and labels the name, expiration date, and status of each item in the drawer.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition subunit is configured to acquire data on materials inside the drawer within the electromagnetically shielded space formed by the drawer, including: The radio frequency identification (RFID) reader of the acquisition subunit drives a connected planar antenna to transmit a radio frequency signal of a specific frequency inside the drawer, thereby activating all materials in the drawer that are affixed with RFID tags. The RFID tag transmits its stored information back to the planar antenna via backscatter modulation technology, so that the RFID reader can receive it and obtain the original material data.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The casing of each drawer is electromagnetically shielded.

10. The system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The acquisition subunit includes a passive UHF RFID tag, a near-field optimized planar antenna, and an RFID reader core board. The RFID tag and the RFID reader core board comply with the ISO / IEC 18000-6C communication protocol.

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