400V switch cabinet with anti-misoperation function and its reconstruction structure and method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of electrical equipment, and discloses a 400V switch cabinet reforming structure and method with an anti-misoperation function, which comprises a mechanical position visible indication structure arranged on a cabinet door panel and used for directly observing the opening and closing mechanical indication mark of a switch body; and a stand-alone protection information display device arranged on the cabinet door panel and connected with the protection signal output end of the switch body and used for displaying the protection information in real time when the switch is in a working position and a test position. The mechanical position visible indication structure comprises a mounting hole, a transparent packaging plate and a sealing element; and the stand-alone protection information display device comprises a data acquisition module, a storage module, a display module and a stand-alone power supply module comprising a main power supply and a standby lithium battery. The double confirmation mechanism of the direct mechanical position visibility and the independent protection information display solves the problem of insufficient reliability of the electronic indication lamp in the prior art, and significantly improves the operation safety and the maintenance efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical equipment technology, specifically to a 400V switchgear modification structure and modification method with anti-misoperation function. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of power generation and industrial power distribution, 400V low-voltage switchgear is widely used in the power distribution and control links of various production systems. Its operational reliability directly affects the safe and stable operation of these systems. Especially in special scenarios involving hazardous chemicals, such as liquid ammonia systems, the operational safety requirements for switchgear are even more stringent. Currently, the 400V switchgear widely used in the industry mainly relies on the on / off indicator lights on the cabinet door panel to indirectly reflect the switch's on / off status. Meanwhile, the switch's protection information (such as overcurrent, overvoltage, undervoltage protection action signals and operating parameters) is usually directly obtained from the switch's internal control circuit or protection device. Operators rely on these electronic indicators to judge the equipment status and perform corresponding operations during daily operation and maintenance.

[0003] However, the above-mentioned technical solutions have obvious limitations in practical applications. On the one hand, the reliability of the opening / closing indicator light, as a single electronic indicator element, is limited by the power supply, wiring connections, and the lifespan of the indicator light itself. When the indicator light is damaged, the wiring connection is poor, or the power supply to the control circuit is abnormal, operators will not be able to accurately know the actual opening / closing status of the switch, which can easily lead to misoperation. In critical operating conditions such as emergency start / stop or fault handling, this may directly lead to production interruption or even safety accidents. On the other hand, the method of obtaining protection information is limited by the scenario: when the switch is pulled out to the test position for maintenance or debugging, the primary circuit is disconnected, and the protection information display module inside the switch body cannot work due to power loss. This prevents maintenance personnel from reading the equipment's protection action records and operating parameters in real time, seriously affecting the efficiency of fault diagnosis and the quality of equipment maintenance. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a switch anti-misoperation modification scheme that can overcome the above defects to improve the safety of equipment operation and the convenience of maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a 400V switchgear modification structure and method with anti-misoperation function. It has the advantages of direct visibility of switch mechanical position and stable display of switch protection information, thus solving the problem of insufficient reliability of status indication caused by reliance on a single electronic indicator light in existing technologies.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the dual anti-misoperation function of direct visual display of switch mechanical position and stable display of switch protection information, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The first aspect of this invention provides a 400V switchgear retrofit structure with anti-misoperation function, comprising: A mechanical position visual indicator structure is installed on the cabinet door panel of the switchgear for direct observation of the opening and closing mechanical indicator marks driven by the mechanical actuator of the switch body. An independent protection information display device is installed on the cabinet door panel of the switch cabinet and connected to the protection signal output terminal of the switch body. It is used to display protection information in real time when the switch is in the working position and the test position.

[0006] The mechanical position visual indication structure includes: A mounting hole is provided on the cabinet door panel, the position of which corresponds to the position of the mechanical actuator of the switch body, and its size covers the entire visible area of ​​the opening and closing mechanical indicator; A transparent encapsulation plate is fixedly installed at the mounting hole to seal the mounting hole; A sealing element is disposed between the edge of the transparent encapsulation plate and the mounting hole to achieve a seal for the mounting hole.

[0007] The transparent encapsulation plate is an acrylic plate with a thickness of not less than 5mm; the sealing element is an annular silicone rubber sealing strip.

[0008] The mechanical position visual indicator structure further includes multiple fastening components for fixing the transparent encapsulation plate to the cabinet door panel; the fastening components include bolts and elastic washers, the bolts pass through the transparent encapsulation plate and connect to the cabinet door panel, and the elastic washers are disposed between the bolts and the transparent encapsulation plate.

[0009] The width of the mounting hole is not less than 80mm and the height is not less than 50mm.

[0010] The stand-alone protection information display device includes: A data acquisition module is connected to the protection signal output terminal of the switch body to collect the operating parameters and protection action information of the switch body in real time. A storage module, connected to the data acquisition module, is used to cache the acquired data; A display module, connected to the data acquisition module or storage module, is used to display protection action information; and An independent power supply module is connected to the data acquisition module, storage module and display module to provide power to each module; The independent power supply module includes a main power supply unit and a backup power supply unit. The main power supply unit is taken from the control circuit of the switch cabinet, and the backup power supply unit is a lithium battery, which is used to continuously supply power to the display device when the main power supply unit loses power.

[0011] The operating parameters of the switch body include current, voltage, and power factor; the protection action information includes overcurrent, overvoltage, and undervoltage protection action information.

[0012] The second aspect of this invention provides a method for modifying a switch to prevent misoperation, applied to the modified structure described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps: S1: A viewing window is opened on the cabinet door panel of the switchgear, and a transparent encapsulation plate is installed to directly observe the opening and closing mechanical indication marks of the switch body. S2: Install an independent protection information display device on the cabinet door panel and electrically connect it to the protection signal output terminal of the switch body; S3: Observe the mechanical position of the switch through the viewing window, and combine it with the protection information read in real time by the display device to confirm the switch status to prevent accidental operation.

[0013] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a 400V switchgear modification structure and method with anti-misoperation function, which has the following beneficial effects: This invention utilizes a visual mechanical position indicator structure on the cabinet door panel, allowing operators to directly observe the open / close mechanical indicators on the switch body without relying on electronic indicator lights. The structure employs a high-strength transparent acrylic sheet combined with sealing strips and elastic gaskets, ensuring both clear visibility and a sealed protective layer. This effectively prevents misjudgments caused by indicator light damage, wiring faults, or power supply anomalies, eliminating the risk of misoperation at its source.

[0014] This invention integrates an independent protection information display device on the cabinet door panel, allowing maintenance personnel to read the switch's operating parameters such as current, voltage, and power factor, as well as overcurrent, overvoltage, and undervoltage protection action information in real time, without opening the cabinet door or relying on external measuring equipment. Simultaneously, the device is equipped with a storage module to cache historical data, facilitating fault tracing and analysis, significantly improving the convenience of equipment maintenance, the accuracy of fault diagnosis, and the efficiency of daily inspections. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cabinet door panel surface in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the display device on the cabinet door panel in this invention; Figure 3This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Indicator structure; 2. Display device; 3. Cabinet door panel; 4. Switch body; 101. Mounting hole; 102. Encapsulation plate; 103. Seal; 104. Fastening assembly; 201. Data acquisition module; 202. Storage module; 203. Display module; 204. Independent power supply module. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] Please see Figure 1-2 The first aspect of this invention provides a 400V switchgear retrofit structure with anti-misoperation function, comprising: A mechanical position visual indicator structure 1 is installed on the cabinet door panel 3 of the switchgear, allowing direct observation of the opening and closing mechanical indicators driven by the mechanical actuator of the switch body 4. This structure differs from existing technologies that rely on electronic indicator lights, as it allows direct observation of the mechanical indicators built into the switch body 4 through a physical viewing window. These mechanical indicators are directly driven by the switch's mechanical actuator, and their position status (such as "open" / "close" markings, color changes, or mechanical linkage positions) is mechanically linked to the actual opening and closing state of the switch contacts. Therefore, they are unaffected by circuit continuity or electronic component failures, offering the highest level of indicator reliability. By placing the visual indicator structure on the cabinet door panel 3, operators can observe it from outside the cabinet without opening the door, improving operational safety.

[0019] An independent protection information display device 2 is installed on the cabinet door panel 3 of the switchgear and connected to the protection signal output terminal of the switch body 4. It is used to display protection information in real time when the switch is in the working position and the test position. Maintenance personnel can read the protection information of the switch in real time without opening the cabinet door or relying on external measuring equipment.

[0020] In this embodiment, the mechanical position visual indication structure 1 includes: A mounting hole 101 is provided on the cabinet door panel 3. The position of the mounting hole 101 corresponds to the position of the mechanical actuator of the switch body 4, and its size covers the entire visible area of ​​the opening and closing mechanical indicator. The location of the mounting hole 101 needs to be precisely measured according to the specific switch model. Typically, the mechanical actuator of the switch body 4 (such as the main shaft of the operating mechanism, the opening and closing indicator linkage, or the indicator plate) is located in a fixed position inside the switch, limiting the operator's original viewing angle. By measuring the vertical projection area of ​​the mechanical indicator on the cabinet door panel 3 when the switch body 4 is closed, the opening position of the mounting hole 101 is determined to ensure that the indicator is fully exposed after the hole is opened. In terms of size design, it is required to cover the entire visible area, that is, to ensure that the operator can see the entire indicator through the hole, rather than just a part of it, avoiding misjudgment due to the viewing angle or the movement of the indicator.

[0021] A transparent encapsulation plate 102 is fixedly installed at the mounting hole 101 to seal the mounting hole 101. The transparent encapsulation plate 102 serves to seal the cabinet door opening, preventing external dust, moisture, small animals, etc., from entering the switch cabinet and maintaining the cabinet's protection rating (IP rating). Simultaneously, its transparency allows light to pass through, enabling operators to clearly observe internal mechanical markings. Material selection must consider the electrical equipment requirements, including light transmittance, mechanical strength, aging resistance, and flame retardancy.

[0022] A sealing element 103 is disposed between the edge of the transparent encapsulation plate 102 and the mounting hole 101 to seal the mounting hole 101. The sealing element 103 fills the tiny gap between the transparent encapsulation plate 102 and the edge of the mounting hole 101 on the cabinet door panel 3, forming a continuous sealing interface to prevent dust and moisture from seeping into the cabinet along the gap. This sealing design is particularly critical for outdoor or high-humidity, dusty industrial environments, as it can prevent short circuits or poor contact caused by moisture or dust accumulation in internal electrical components.

[0023] In this embodiment, the transparent encapsulation plate 102 is an acrylic plate with a thickness of not less than 5mm to ensure that it will not break when subjected to accidental impact; the sealing element 103 is an annular silicone rubber sealing strip, which has sufficient rigidity to maintain flatness and avoid sealing failure due to plate surface deformation. The silicone rubber sealing strip has good high and low temperature resistance, ozone resistance and aging resistance, and is not easy to harden or crack after long-term use.

[0024] In this embodiment, the mechanical position visual indicator structure 1 further includes multiple fastening components 104 for fixing the transparent encapsulation plate 102 to the cabinet door panel 3. Each fastening component 104 includes bolts and elastic washers. The bolts pass through the transparent encapsulation plate 102 and connect to the cabinet door panel 3, while the elastic washers are positioned between the bolts and the transparent encapsulation plate 102. The fastening components 104 reliably fix the transparent encapsulation plate 102 to the cabinet door panel 3. The bolt connection method facilitates on-site installation and subsequent maintenance disassembly. The function of the elastic washers (such as spring washers or wave washers) is as follows: when the equipment operates and generates vibration (such as during switch opening and closing operations, busbar short-circuit electric stress, or external equipment vibration transmission), the elastic washers can absorb some of the vibration energy, preventing the bolts from loosening due to vibration; simultaneously, their elastic preload can compensate for thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes, maintaining stable clamping force at the connection point and preventing the transparent encapsulation plate 102 from loosening or failing to seal.

[0025] In this embodiment, the width of the mounting hole 101 is not less than 80mm and the height is not less than 50mm.

[0026] In this embodiment, the independent protection information display device 2 includes: A data acquisition module 201 is connected to the protection signal output terminal of the switch body 4 and is used to acquire the operating parameters and protection action information of the switch body 4 in real time. The data acquisition module 201 is the front-end unit for information acquisition. Depending on the interface type of the protection device of the switch body 4, different acquisition methods can be used: if the protection device has a digital communication interface (such as Modbus-RTU, IEC60870-5-103, etc.), the data is directly read through the communication protocol; if the protection device only provides analog output or dry contact signals, the data is acquired through an analog-to-digital converter or a digital input module. This module uses a microcontroller as its core, reads data in real time according to a set sampling period (such as 100ms), performs preliminary processing (such as filtering, calibration, and protocol parsing), and converts it into standardized data that can be stored and displayed.

[0027] A storage module 202, connected to the data acquisition module 201, is used to cache the acquired data. The storage module 202 is used to save historical data, solving the problem of untraceable data in real-time display. Non-volatile memory (such as a Flash chip or SD card) is used, so the stored data will not be lost even if the device is powered off. The storage strategy can be designed as a cyclic overwrite, for example, storing data in chronological order, automatically overwriting the oldest data when the storage space is full. Stored content may include: time-stamped operating parameters (such as current and voltage values ​​recorded every 15 minutes), protection action events (such as overcurrent action time and action value), alarm records, etc. This historical data is of great significance for fault analysis, operational trend assessment, and equipment condition maintenance.

[0028] A display module 203, connected to the data acquisition module 201 or storage module 202, is used to display protection action information. The display module 203 serves as a human-machine interface, typically using an LCD or OLED screen, characterized by low power consumption and high definition. The display content can be designed with multiple pages, for example: the main page displays current real-time operating parameters (three-phase current, line voltage, power factor, etc.); the second page displays recent protection action records (action type, time, action value); and the third page displays equipment information or system settings. The display screen can be embedded in the device panel, flush with the cabinet door panel 3, for easy on-site reading. In some designs, the display module 203 can directly obtain real-time data from the data acquisition module 201 for display, or retrieve historical data from the storage module 202 for playback display.

[0029] An independent power supply module 204 is connected to the data acquisition module 201, storage module 202, and display module 203 to supply power to each module. The independent power supply module 204 is the core of the entire device, enabling it to operate in all scenarios. Its design goal is to provide a stable power supply to the device under different operating conditions of the switchgear (working position, test position, maintenance power outage), ensuring uninterrupted information acquisition and display.

[0030] The independent power supply module 204 includes a main power supply unit and a backup power supply unit. The main power supply unit draws power from the control circuit of the switchgear, and the backup power supply unit is a lithium battery used to continuously power the display device 2 when the main power supply unit fails. The main power supply unit draws power from the control circuit of the switchgear (usually AC / DC 220V or 110V), and is powered by this circuit during normal operation, while simultaneously float charging the backup lithium battery. When the switch is pulled out to the test position or the control circuit is de-energized for maintenance, the main power supply fails, and the power management circuit in the device automatically and seamlessly switches to backup lithium battery power supply, ensuring that data acquisition, storage, and display functions continue to operate. Lithium batteries have advantages such as high energy density, low self-discharge rate, and no memory effect, which can support the device to work continuously for several hours or even several days without external power, sufficient to cover the time required for routine maintenance. The switching process should be designed to be uninterrupted (switching time <10ms) to ensure that the microcontroller does not restart and data is not lost.

[0031] In this embodiment, the operating parameters of the switch body 4 include current, voltage, and power factor; the protection action information includes overcurrent, overvoltage, and undervoltage protection action information. Operating parameters are basic electrical quantities reflecting the current operating conditions of the switchgear. Current (three-phase or single-phase) reflects the load size; voltage reflects the system power supply quality; power factor reflects reactive power and is an important indicator for evaluating power quality and equipment efficiency. Protection action information records the actions of the protection devices: overcurrent protection (including instantaneous trip, time-limited instantaneous trip, and inverse-time overcurrent) is used to reflect short-circuit or overload faults; overvoltage / undervoltage protection is used to reflect abnormal system voltage. By displaying and recording this information in real time, operators can promptly grasp the equipment status, and maintenance personnel can quickly locate the cause of the fault based on historical action information. For example, the overcurrent action value and duration can be used to determine whether it is a short-circuit fault or an overload fault, and voltage records can be used to determine whether it is a system fluctuation or an internal equipment fault.

[0032] Example 2 Please see Figure 3 The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for modifying a switch to prevent misoperation, applied to the modified structure described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps: S1: A viewing window is opened on the cabinet door panel 3 of the switchgear, and a transparent encapsulation plate 102 is installed to directly observe the opening and closing mechanical indication marks of the switch body 4. S2: Install an independent protection information display device 2 on the cabinet door panel 3 and electrically connect it to the protection signal output terminal of the switch body 4; S3: Observe the mechanical position of the switch through the viewing window, and combine it with the protection information read in real time by the display device 2 to confirm the switch status to prevent misoperation.

[0033] In summary, the 400V switchgear modification structure and method with anti-misoperation function provided by this invention achieves "dual confirmation" of the switch status through the organic combination of the mechanical position visual indicator structure 1 and the independent protection information display device 2: on the one hand, a physical viewing window replaces the traditional electronic indicator light, ensuring absolute reliability of the opening and closing status indication from the signal source; on the other hand, the independent power supply design breaks through scenario limitations, enabling full-time readability of protection information in both the working and test positions. This modification scheme does not change the core structure of the switch body 4, and features simple construction, controllable cost, and strong adaptability. It can be widely applied to the upgrading and modification of various in-operation 400V switchgear, and has significant practical implications for improving the operational safety of power systems, reducing the risk of misoperation, and improving maintenance efficiency.

[0034] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 400V switchgear retrofit structure with anti-misoperation function, characterized in that, include: A mechanical position visual indicator structure (1) is installed on the cabinet door panel (3) of the switch cabinet for direct observation of the opening and closing mechanical indicator driven by the mechanical actuator of the switch body (4); An independent protection information display device (2) is installed on the cabinet door panel (3) of the switch cabinet and connected to the protection signal output terminal of the switch body (4) for displaying protection information in real time when the switch is in the working position and the test position.

2. The 400V switch anti-misoperation modification structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical position visual indication structure (1) includes: A mounting hole (101) is provided on the cabinet door panel (3). The position of the mounting hole (101) corresponds to the position of the mechanical actuator of the switch body (4), and its size covers the entire visible area of ​​the opening and closing mechanical indicator. A transparent encapsulation plate (102) is fixedly installed at the mounting hole (101) to seal the mounting hole (101). A sealing element (103) is disposed between the edge of the transparent encapsulation plate (102) and the mounting hole (101) to achieve sealing of the mounting hole (101).

3. The 400V switchgear retrofit structure with anti-misoperation function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transparent encapsulation plate (102) is an acrylic plate with a thickness of not less than 5mm; the sealing element (103) is an annular silicone rubber sealing strip.

4. The 400V switchgear retrofit structure with anti-misoperation function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mechanical position visual indicator structure (1) also includes a plurality of fastening components (104) for fixing the transparent encapsulation plate (102) to the cabinet door panel (3); The fastening assembly (104) includes a bolt and an elastic washer. The bolt passes through the transparent encapsulation plate (102) and is connected to the cabinet door panel (3). The elastic washer is disposed between the bolt and the transparent encapsulation plate (102).

5. The 400V switchgear modification structure with anti-misoperation function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The width of the mounting hole (101) is not less than 80mm and the height is not less than 50mm.

6. The 400V switchgear retrofit structure with anti-misoperation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The independent protection information display device (2) includes: A data acquisition module (201) is connected to the protection signal output terminal of the switch body (4) and is used to collect the operating parameters and protection action information of the switch body (4) in real time. A storage module (202) is connected to the data acquisition module (201) and is used to cache the acquired data; A display module (203), connected to the data acquisition module (201) or storage module (202), is used to display protection action information; and An independent power supply module (204) is connected to the data acquisition module (201), storage module (202) and display module (203) to provide power to each module; The independent power supply module (204) includes a main power supply unit and a backup power supply unit; the main power supply unit is taken from the control circuit of the switch cabinet, and the backup power supply unit is a lithium battery, which is used to continuously supply power to the display device (2) when the main power supply unit loses power.

7. The 400V switchgear modification structure with anti-misoperation function according to claim 6, characterized in that, The operating parameters of the switch body (4) include current, voltage, and power factor; the protection action information includes overcurrent, overvoltage, and undervoltage protection action information.

8. A method for retrofitting a 400V switchgear with anti-misoperation function, applied to the retrofit structure as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: A viewing window is opened on the cabinet door panel (3) of the switchgear, and a transparent encapsulation plate (102) is installed to directly observe the opening and closing mechanical indication marks of the switch body (4). S2: Install an independent protection information display device (2) on the cabinet door panel (3) and electrically connect it to the protection signal output terminal of the switch body (4); S3: Observe the mechanical position of the switch through the viewing window, and combine the protection information read in real time by the display device (2) to confirm the switch status to prevent misoperation.

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