Method for negotiating reliable network communication

Abstract

A computer-implemented method for negotiating reliable network communication is provided. The method includes transmitting, from a client device, a first client request to a network entity, the first client request including a set of application requirements associated with a network quality of service. Additionally, the method includes receiving, from the network entity, a first network entity response associated with network capabilities that satisfy the set of application requirements. Additionally, the method includes performing a first communication action determined based on the first network entity response associated with capabilities that satisfy the set of application requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to a computer-implemented method for reliable network communication based on client requests, associated client devices and network entities, computer program products, and computer-readable media, wherein the client requests include a set of application requirements. Background Technology

[0002] Developments in autonomous driving and Industry 4.0 require the exchange of significant data volumes across extensive networks. It is not uncommon for data packets to be lost or experience significant delays due to network congestion caused by a large number of users and / or large data volumes communicating over the network. Safety-critical applications, in particular, rely on reliable network communications to provide necessary functionality and ensure safety, such as in road traffic and / or the operation of autonomous systems.

[0003] In wireless communication, different mechanisms are available for applications to request communication services with a given Quality of Service (QoS). QoS involves manipulating network traffic in such a way that network devices (such as routers or switches) forward the network traffic according to the behavior requested by the application that generated it. In other words, QoS allows network devices to differentiate network traffic and then apply different behaviors to it.

[0004] Different networking applications have varying degrees of "inherent fault tolerance" relative to, for example, latency and / or the maximum number of message losses within a specific time interval. While a few seconds of complete connection loss might be acceptable for application A, a second application B might only be able to compensate for / accept the loss of, for example, two consecutive messages, which could translate into a tolerance for a total connection loss on the order of milliseconds (depending on the periodicity of message transmission). Depending on the specific application requirements, additional technologies for further improving data transmission over the network are necessary. Summary of the Invention

[0005] According to a first aspect, a computer-implemented method for negotiating reliable network communication is provided. The method includes: transmitting a first client request from a client device to a network entity, the first client request including a set of application requirements associated with network quality of service. Additionally, the method includes: receiving from the network entity a first network entity response associated with network capabilities that satisfy the set of application requirements. Furthermore, the method includes: performing a first communication action determined based on the first network entity response associated with the capabilities that satisfy the set of application requirements.

[0006] According to a second aspect, a client device is provided. The client device includes a processor unit configured to: execute at least one application; transmit a first client request to a network entity, the first client request including a set of application requirements associated with network quality of service; receive from the network entity a first network entity response associated with network capabilities that satisfy the set of application requirements; and execute a first communication action determined based on the first network entity response associated with the capabilities that satisfy the set of application requirements.

[0007] According to a third aspect, a network entity is provided. The network entity includes a processor unit configured to: receive a first client request from a client device, the first client request including a set of application requirements associated with the network entity's quality of service; determine network capabilities that satisfy the set of application requirements; transmit a first network entity response associated with the capabilities that satisfy the set of application requirements to the client device; and transmit data according to a first communication action determined by the client device.

[0008] According to a fourth aspect, a computer program product is provided. The computer program product includes instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the steps of the computer-implemented method according to the first aspect.

[0009] According to a fifth aspect, a computer-readable medium is provided. The computer-readable medium includes instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the steps of the computer-implemented method according to the first aspect.

[0010] As can be seen from the above aspects, the effect is that by explicitly negotiating reliability metrics, the reliability of network communication can be improved.

[0011] Furthermore, for various applications, different requirements can be negotiated with the network based on the type of data transmission that occurs. The techniques disclosed herein enable more reliable execution of security-critical functions because necessary information can be transmitted more reliably over the network. In some examples, the application requirements upon which data transmission is based can be negotiated for multiple subnets of the network. This ensures that application requirements are met not only within a single domain of the entire network. Through the techniques disclosed herein, the network can propose application requirements that it can meet.

[0012] In the example, a variable time interval can be defined, during which the corresponding application requirements need to be met using the requested reliability level. Additionally, if the initial application request cannot be matched by the network, the techniques disclosed herein can allow negotiation of a feasible set of application requirements to adapt the current network capabilities to at least a minimum feasible set of application requirements.

[0013] In the examples, the techniques presented in this paper can achieve reliable data transmission. In the examples, the safety of autonomous systems (e.g., in road traffic) can be improved. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Exemplary embodiments are depicted in the accompanying drawings, which should not be construed as limiting the claims, and are explained in more detail below. Where possible, similar reference numerals in different drawings denote similar or analogous features.

[0015] Figure 1 The illustration shows a method for a computer implementation of negotiating reliable network communication.

[0016] Figure 2 The illustrations depict exemplary steps for performing communication actions.

[0017] Figure 3 The illustration depicts an exemplary network connecting client devices and receiving devices.

[0018] Figure 4 The illustration depicts an exemplary information exchange between a client device and a network entity when the application's set of requirements can be met.

[0019] Figure 5 The illustration depicts an exemplary information exchange between a client device and a network entity when the set of application requirements can be partially or less satisfied. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Figure 1 The illustration shows a method for a computer implementation of negotiating reliable network communication.

[0021] According to a first aspect, a computer-implemented method 100 for negotiating reliable network communication includes: transmitting 110 from a client device a first client request 11 to a network entity 20, the first client request including a set of application requirements associated with network quality of service. The method includes: receiving 120 from the network entity 20 a first network entity response 21 associated with network capabilities that satisfy the set of application requirements. Additionally, the method includes: performing 130 a first communication action determined based on the first network entity response 21 associated with the capabilities that satisfy the set of application requirements. In an example, the first network entity response 21 may include a guarantee of satisfying at least one application requirement in the set of application requirements. In an example, the first network entity response 21 may include a guarantee of satisfying at least one application requirement in the set of application requirements in a modified form. In an example, the first network entity response 21 may include a guarantee of at least partially satisfying at least one application requirement in the set of application requirements. For example, the set of application requirements may include one or more application requirements.

[0022] Figure 3 An exemplary network connecting client device 10 and receiving device 40 is illustrated schematically.

[0023] In some examples, the network may include at least one network node 50, such as a switch, router, access point, base station of any kind, or any kind of communication interface configured to connect client device 10 and receiving device 40. The network may include data links 51a, 51b connecting at least one network node 50 to client device 10 and receiving device 40. In some examples, the network may include a (direct) data link connecting client devices and network entities. The network may include multiple subnetworks. In some examples, subnetworks may be defined by different types (e.g., different transmission technologies and / or communication protocols). The network and / or subnetworks may include computer networks, telecommunications networks, or wireless networks, such as 5G. The network and / or multiple subnetworks may be based on one or more communication technologies and / or communication protocols, such as IEEE 802.11 (WLAN), GSM, UMTS, LTE, and / or 5G NR. In examples, the network may include a vehicle-to-X network (V2X). In some examples, the network may be bound to a specific geographical area. In this document, a network may be understood as one or more communication technologies that provide end-to-end communication services between client devices and receiving device 40. In the examples, network entity 20 may include a server and / or may be a service running on a server. In some examples, network entity 20 may be part of a network or may be linked to a network. In some examples, client device 10 may be linked to a network node 50 (such as a base station) in the network to communicate with network entity 20. In some examples, network entity 20 may include a server and / or may be a service in a 5G core network or may be linked to a 5G core network. In some examples, client device 10 may be linked to network node 50, such as a base station of the network, via a 5G RAN link.

[0024] In an embodiment, network service quality is defined by at least one or more quality parameters, and the application requires a set that includes at least one of the one or more quality parameters. In an example, the one or more quality parameters may include (minimum) bandwidth, (maximum) latency, (maximum) jitter, (maximum) packet loss, (maximum) packet error rate, (maximum) inter-reception time, (maximum) transmission interval, (maximum) interval between two consecutive transmissions, (maximum) periodicity (or periodic traffic) of the transmission, reliability, throughput, availability, priority, service guarantee, burstiness, congestion control, fairness, scalability, security and / or privacy, maximum number of packets per interval, minimum number of packets per interval, maximum payload size, minimum payload size, maximum consecutive loss tolerance, maximum latency variation, maximum misordering, and / or next-hop information.

[0025] In some examples, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the network may include a lower network entity 30 that provides measurement reports 31 to network entity 20. In the example, the lower network entity 30 may at least partially include presentation, session, transport, network, data link, and / or physical layers. In the example, the lower network entity 30 may be responsible for transmitting raw binary data as electrical, optical, or wireless signals over a physical medium. The lower network entity 30 may handle characteristics such as the type of transmission medium (e.g., copper wire, fiber optic, radio waves), signal modulation, data encoding, and basic hardware components (e.g., cables, connectors, and transmitters / receivers). The primary focus of the lower network entity 30 may be ensuring reliable and efficient bit transmission between devices, laying the foundation for the effective operation of higher-level communication protocols. The measurement reports from the lower layer entity 30 may include information about one or more quality parameters that define the quality of network service. The information about the one or more quality parameters may include numerical values ​​of the one or more quality parameters calculated and / or measured by the lower network entity 30. In the example, the lower network entity 20 may be configured to provide measurement reports 31 to network entity 20 at regular time intervals. In the example, the lower network entity 20 can be configured to provide these measurement reports after being requested by network entity 20 for measurement reports 31.

[0026] In an embodiment, the application requires the set to also include at least one reliability metric associated with at least one quality parameter. In an embodiment, the at least one reliability metric may be based on the occurrence of a communication failure associated with the at least one quality parameter. In an example, the at least one reliability metric may include a reliability measure that expresses the statistical probability that no failure will occur. In an example, the at least one reliability metric may include Mean Time To Failure (MTTF), Rate of Occurrence of Failures (ROCOF), and / or Probability of Failure on Demand (POFOD).

[0027] In embodiments, the application requirements set may further include at least one definition of a communication failure associated with at least one quality parameter. In an example, at least one definition of a communication failure associated with at least one quality parameter may include a first quantification of the at least one quality parameter, such as a numerical range (e.g., deviations in time and amplitude), wherein, from the perspective of the corresponding application, the network provides a faulty quality of service with respect to the at least one quality parameter. Additionally or alternatively, at least one definition of a communication failure associated with at least one quality parameter may include a second quantification of the at least one quality parameter, such as a numerical range (e.g., deviations in time and amplitude), wherein, from the perspective of the corresponding application, the network provides a still acceptable quality of service with respect to the at least one quality parameter. In some examples, the first quantification may be derived from the second quantification. In some examples, the first quantification may be supplementary to the second quantification. For example, the second quantification of at least one quality parameter "latency," included in the definition of a communication failure associated with at least one quality parameter "latency," may include: a maximum latency of 100 ms that is still acceptable. In this example, the first quantification may be derived from the second quantification. In this example, the first quantification may include a faulty latency exceeding 100 ms. In an example, at least one reliability metric combined with at least one definition of a communication failure may form an application requirement related to at least one quality parameter.

[0028] In an embodiment, the application requirement set may include timing parameters associated with at least one quality parameter. In an embodiment, the timing parameters may be configured to define a time window in which the network should provide network service quality defined by at least one quality parameter. In an example, the time window may include a first time and a second time. The time window may include a time span starting from a specific time. The first time, the second time, and / or the specific time may include a time specification using at least one of year, month, day, hour, minute, second, and / or millisecond. For example, the time window may be defined as [start: 2023 / 05 / 21-09:05:20] to [end: 2023 / 05 / 21-09:05:30].

[0029] Figure 4 The illustration depicts an exemplary information exchange between a client device and a network entity when the application's set of requirements can be met.

[0030] In an embodiment, performing the first communication action may include: when a first network entity responds to 21 with information including the network's ability to provide a set of application requirements, using the network to perform a normal data transmission process 131 according to the set of application requirements. In an example, the normal data transmission process may include transmitting data 13 (end-to-end communication) from client device 10 to receiving device 40 via the network. In an example, the data may include security-critical data.

[0031] Figure 5 The illustration shows an exemplary information exchange between client device 10 and network entity 20 when the set of application requirements can be partially or less satisfied.

[0032] Figure 2 The illustration shows exemplary steps for performing the 130 communication action.

[0033] In an embodiment, performing the first communication action 130 may include performing a negotiation process 132 to determine an alternative set of application requirements associated with network quality of service when the first network entity responds to 21 with information including the network's ability to partially or less satisfy the set of application requirements. In an example, this information may include a guarantee that at least one application requirement in the set of application requirements will be satisfied in an adapted form.

[0034] In an embodiment, performing the first communication action 130 may include using the network to perform an optimal matching data transmission process based on a guarantee provided in the first network entity response 21 for satisfying at least one application requirement in the set of application requirements in an adjusted form. The guarantee for satisfying at least one application requirement in the set of application requirements may be based on a reliability metric, a definition of communication failure, and / or a timing parameter, which are different from the reliability metric, definition of communication failure, and / or timing parameter included in the set of application requirements initially requested by the client device 10. The optimal matching transmission process may include selecting and transmitting data that may be suitable for transmission based on the guarantee provided in the first network entity response 21. For example, if the set of application requirements includes a quality parameter “latency” with a reliability metric of MTTF-X, and the network entity response 21 includes a guarantee for satisfying a “latency” quality parameter with a reliability metric of MTTF-A (e.g., less than MTTF-X) within a time window T_A, then method 100 may include selecting and transmitting data that may be suitable for transmission based on the guarantee provided in the network entity response 21 (MTTF-A within the time window T_A).

[0035] In an embodiment, performing the negotiation process 132 may include: transmitting a second client request 12 to network entity 20, the second client request including an adjusted set of application requirements. Performing 132 may also include: receiving from network entity 20 a second network entity response 22 associated with network capabilities that satisfy the adjusted set of application requirements. Performing 132 may also include: performing a second communication action determined based on the second network entity response 22 associated with the capabilities that satisfy the adjusted set of application requirements. In an example, the negotiation process may be part of a handshake process, or may include a handshake process. In an example, the handshake process may include steps of establishing a connection between client device 10 and network entity 20 and / or the network. In an example, the handshake process may include handshake processes as known in the prior art. In an example, the adjusted set of application requirements may include application requirements that are more relaxed and / or lower (qualitative and / or quantitative) than a previous set of application requirements. In this context, "more relaxed" and / or "lower" can be understood in such a way that the application requirements can be met more easily by the network (technically). In the example, the adjusted set of application requirements may include application requirements that include at least one adjusted definition of a communication failure associated with at least one quality parameter, in order to reduce the application requirements. In the example, at least one reliability metric associated with the quality parameter may be adjusted within the adjusted set of application requirements to reduce the application requirements. For example, if a first value of MTTF was required in the previous set of application requirements, the adjusted MTTF may require a second value less than the first value. In the example, the adjusted set of application requirements may include adjusted timing parameters. For example, a time window defined by the adjusted timing parameters may be offset relative to a time window defined by the previous timing parameters.

[0036] In an embodiment, a first network entity response 21 from network entity 20 may include a proposal to adjust the set of application requirements associated with network capabilities. In an example, performing the 132 negotiation process may include transmitting a third client request to network entity 20, the third client request including an adjusted set of application requirements 12 to adapt to network capabilities based on the proposal to adjust the set of application requirements. Furthermore, performing the 132 negotiation process may include receiving a third network entity response from network entity 20 associated with network capabilities that satisfy the adjusted set of application requirements. Additionally, performing the 132 negotiation process may include performing a third communication action determined based on the third network entity response associated with capabilities that satisfy the adjusted set of application requirements. The proposal to adjust the set of application requirements may include a request for relaxation to qualitatively and / or quantitatively reduce the requirements. For example, if the network has already processed a large amount of traffic in the next 5 seconds but will subsequently be able to release a large amount of communication resources, simply shifting the requested time window may be a good relaxation option for the application.

[0037] In an embodiment, performing the second communication action and / or the third communication action includes: when the second network entity response 22 or the third network entity response respectively includes information about the network's ability to meet the adjusted set of application requirements, using the network to perform an adjusted data transmission process 133 according to the adjusted set of application requirements. In an example, the adjusted data transmission process may include transmitting data 14 (end-to-end communication) from a client device to a receiving device 40 via the network. In an example, the data may include security-critical data. In an example, the data transmitted during the adjusted data transmission process may be the same data that would be transmitted if the application requirements were met in the first round. In an example, the data transmitted during the adjusted data transmission process may also be adjusted. For example, the data transmitted during the adjusted data transmission process may include less security-critical data compared to the data transmitted during a normal data transmission process. Generally, the first, second, and third communication actions and / or negotiation processes may be performed iteratively, for example, to meet minimum application requirements.

[0038] According to a second aspect, client device 10 includes a processor unit. The processor unit is configured to execute at least one application. Additionally, the processor unit is configured to transmit a first client request 11 to network entity 20, the first client request including a set of application requirements associated with network quality of service. The processor unit is configured to receive from network entity 20 a network entity response 21 associated with network capabilities that satisfy the set of application requirements. The processor unit is configured to perform a communication action 150 determined based on the network entity response 21 associated with the capabilities that satisfy the set of application requirements. The at least one application may include one or more functions for autonomous and / or assisted driving. In an example, client device 10 may be implemented locally in a vehicle or (at least partially) in a backend communicatively connected to the vehicle. For example, client device 10 may include a control unit for the vehicle and / or a robot. In an example, the processor unit may include a radio interface or may be at least connected to a radio interface to transmit the first client request 11 and / or receive the network entity response. Client device 10 may also include memory to at least temporarily store the set of application requirements associated with network quality of service and / or network entity response 21.

[0039] According to a third aspect, network entity 20 includes a processor unit. The processor unit is configured to receive a first client request 11 from client device 10, the first client request including a set of application requirements associated with the network quality of service of network entity 20. The processor unit is configured to determine network capabilities that satisfy the set of application requirements. Additionally, the processor unit is configured to transmit a network entity response 21 associated with the capabilities that satisfy the set of application requirements to client device 10. The processor unit is configured to transmit data 13 according to a communication action determined by client device 10.

[0040] In the example, network entity 20 may be implemented at least partially in the backend of a vehicle communicatively connected to it. In the example, the processor unit may include a radio interface or may be at least connected to a radio interface to receive a set of application requests associated with network quality of service and / or transmit network entity responses 21 from client device 10. Network entity 20 may also include memory to at least temporarily store the set of application requests associated with network quality of service and / or network entity responses 21. In the example, the network entity may include a server and / or may be a service in a 5G core network, or may be linked to a 5G core network. In the example, network entity 20 may at least partially include the presentation layer, session layer, transport layer, network layer, data link layer, and / or physical layer. In the example, as... Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, network entity 20 may include a communication interface, or may be at least communicatively coupled to lower network entity 30 to receive measurement reports 31 provided by lower network entity 30. In the example, network entity 20 may be configured to determine network capabilities that meet the application's set of requirements based on the measurement reports 31 provided by lower network entity 30. As mentioned, the network connecting at least client device 10 and receiving device 40 may include at least one such... Figure 3 The network node 50 shown is illustrated. In this example, network entity 20 can be configured to collect measurement reports from at least one network node 50 to receive information about one or more quality parameters defining network service quality. In this example, network entity 20 can be configured to collect measurement reports from at least two network nodes 50 that support the same or different communication technologies to receive information about one or more quality parameters defining network service quality. In this example, network entity 20 can be configured to determine network capabilities that meet the application requirements set based on measurement reports from at least one of the at least one network node. The network may include multiple subnetworks. The multiple subnetworks may support different communication technologies. In this example, network entity 20 can be configured to receive measurement reports from at least one of the multiple subnetworks to receive information about one or more quality parameters defining network service quality. In this example, network entity 20 can be configured to determine network capabilities that meet the application requirements set based on measurement reports from at least one of the multiple subnetworks. In this example, network entity 20 can be configured to determine network capabilities that meet the application requirements set based on measurement reports from multiple subnetworks and / or at least two network nodes. In this example, multiple subnetworks and / or at least two network nodes may support different communication technologies.

[0041] According to the fifth aspect, the computer program product includes instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method of the first aspect. In the example, the processor may be included in the processing unit of the client device 10 or the network entity 20. In the example, the first portion of the computer program product may be implemented on the client device 10, and the second portion of the computer program product may be implemented on the network entity 20.

[0042] According to a sixth aspect, the computer-readable medium includes instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method of the first aspect. In an example, the computer-readable medium may be included in a processing unit of client device 10 or network entity 20. In an example, a first portion of the instructions may be stored in client device 10, and a second portion of the instructions may be stored in network entity 20.

[0043] The examples provided in the accompanying drawings and those described in the foregoing written description are intended to provide an understanding of the principles of this specification. Therefore, they are not intended to limit the scope of the appended claims. This specification describes variations and modifications to the illustrated examples. Only preferred examples are presented, and all changes, modifications, and alternative applications of these preferred examples within the scope of this specification are intended to be protected.

Claims

1. A computer-implemented method (100) for negotiating reliable network communication, comprising: - From the client device (10), a first client request (110) is transmitted (110) to the network entity (20), the first client request including a set of application requirements associated with network service quality; - Receive (120) a first network entity response (21) associated with network capabilities that satisfy the set of application requirements from the network entity (20); and - Execute (130) a first communication action determined based on the first network entity response (21) associated with the ability to meet the set of application requirements.

2. The computer-implemented method (100) according to claim 1, wherein the quality of network service is defined by at least one or more quality parameters, and wherein the set of application requirements includes at least one of the one or more quality parameters.

3. The computer-implemented method (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the set of application requirements further includes at least one reliability metric associated with the at least one quality parameter.

4. The computer-implemented method (100) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the at least one reliability metric is based on the occurrence of a communication failure associated with the at least one quality parameter.

5. The computer-implemented method (100) of claim 4, wherein the set of application requirements further includes at least one definition of the communication failure associated with the at least one quality parameter.

6. The computer-implemented method (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the set of application requirements includes a timing parameter associated with the at least one quality parameter.

7. The computer-implemented method (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein performing (130) the first communication action includes - When the first network entity responds (21) with information including that the network provides the capability to satisfy the set of application requirements, the network is used to perform (131) a normal data transmission process according to the set of application requirements.

8. The computer-implemented method (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein performing (130) the first communication action includes - When the first network entity response (21) includes information about the network's ability to partially or less satisfy the set of application requirements, a negotiation process (132) is performed to determine an alternative set of application requirements associated with the network quality of service, or - Based on the guarantee provided in the first network entity response (21) for satisfying at least one application requirement in the set of application requirements in an adjusted form, the network is used to perform the optimal matching data transmission process.

9. The computer-implemented method (100) according to claim 8, wherein performing the negotiation process (132) includes - Transmit the second client request (12) to the network entity (20), the second client request including an adjusted set of application requirements; - Receive a second network entity response (22) from the network entity (20) that is associated with the network capabilities that satisfy the adjusted set of application requirements; as well as - Perform a second communication action determined based on the second network entity response (22) associated with the capability to meet the adjusted set of application requirements.

10. The computer-implemented method (100) according to claim 8 or 9, wherein a first network entity response from the network entity (20) includes a proposal for adjusting the set of application requirements associated with the network capabilities, wherein performing the negotiation process (132) includes - Transmit a third client request to the network entity (20), the third client request including an adjusted set of application requirements (12) adapted to the network capabilities based on the recommendation to adjust the set of application requirements. - Receive a third network entity response from the network entity (20) that is associated with the network capabilities that satisfy the adjusted set of application requirements; as well as - Perform a third communication action determined based on the response of the third network entity associated with the capability to meet the adjusted set of application requirements.

11. The computer-implemented method (100) according to claim 9 or 10, wherein performing the second communication action and / or performing the third communication action includes - When the first network entity response or the third network entity response respectively includes information that the network provides the capability to satisfy the adjusted set of application requirements, the network is used to perform (133) the adjusted data transmission process according to the adjusted set of application requirements.

12. A client device, comprising Processor unit, wherein the processor unit is configured to: - Execute at least one application; - Transmit (110) a first client request (110) that includes a set of application requirements associated with network service quality to the network entity (20). - Receive (120) a network entity response (21) associated with network capabilities that satisfy the set of application requirements from the network entity (20); and - Execute (130) a first communication action (150) determined based on the network entity response (21) associated with the capability to satisfy the set of application requirements.

13. A network entity (20), comprising Processor unit, wherein the processor unit is configured to: - Receive a first client request (11) from the client device (10), the first client request including a set of application requirements associated with the quality of service of the network entity (20); - Determine the network capabilities that meet the set of application requirements; - Transmit the network entity response (21) to the client device (10), the network entity response being associated with the capability that satisfies the set of application requirements; as well as - Transmit data according to the first communication action determined by the client device (13).

14. A computer program product comprising instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the steps of the method according to claims 1 to 11.

15. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the steps of the computer-implemented method according to claims 1 to 11.

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