A device and method for processing thermal runaway gas of an energy storage battery cabin

Abstract

This invention discloses a device for handling thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment. The device is applied to an energy storage battery compartment containing battery clusters. Each battery cell within the battery cluster is equipped with a pressure relief valve. A flow-guiding and collecting component is coaxially arranged with the nozzle of the pressure relief valve to receive the jet gas ejected from the valve and guide the jet gas along a preset trajectory to a staged collection channel. The staged collection channel collects the jet gas directed by the flow-guiding and collecting component. An airflow detection unit monitors the airflow parameter signals flowing through the staged collection channel in real time. A control unit determines whether thermal runaway has occurred in the energy storage battery compartment based on the airflow parameter signals. When thermal runaway is determined to have occurred, the control unit simultaneously sends execution commands to the gas extraction and treatment unit and the isolation unit, thereby simultaneously performing physical isolation and gas collection and treatment actions, shortening the safety response time, and actively interrupting the physical links of the thermal runaway chain reaction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage battery technology, and in particular to a device and method for treating thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, fires and explosions in energy storage containers have occurred frequently, seriously threatening the safety of power plants. When lithium-ion batteries experience thermal runaway, a mixture of high-speed, high-temperature, and flammable gases is instantly ejected from the pressure relief valve. These gases accumulate rapidly in the sealed compartment and are highly susceptible to explosion upon contact with a spark. The shock wave and flames can also lead to a chain reaction of thermal runaway, resulting in a major accident.

[0003] Currently, existing technologies are insufficient to intervene in the most destructive gas jets in a timely manner when thermal runaway occurs, and are also insufficient to effectively prevent their disorderly diffusion and energy accumulation within the cabin. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a device and method for treating thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment.

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention provides a device for handling thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment, which is applied to an energy storage battery compartment equipped with battery clusters. Each battery cell in the battery cluster is equipped with a pressure relief valve, including: a flow guiding and collecting assembly, a graded collection channel, an airflow detection unit, a control unit, a gas extraction and processing unit, and an isolation unit.

[0006] The flow guiding and collecting component is coaxially arranged with the injection port of the pressure relief valve, and is used to receive the jet gas ejected by the pressure relief valve and guide the jet gas along a preset trajectory to the staged collection channel;

[0007] The graded collection channel is used to collect the jet gas exported by the flow collection component;

[0008] The airflow detection unit is installed at the entrance of the graded collection channel to monitor the airflow parameter signal flowing through the graded collection channel in real time and transmit the airflow parameter signal to the control unit.

[0009] The control unit is used to determine whether the energy storage battery compartment has experienced thermal runaway based on the airflow parameter signal, and when it is determined that the energy storage battery compartment has experienced thermal runaway, it simultaneously sends execution commands to the air extraction unit and the isolation unit.

[0010] The gas extraction unit is used to accelerate the extraction of the jet gas collected in the graded collection channel according to the execution command, and to perform harmless treatment on the extracted jet gas.

[0011] The isolation unit is used to spray inert gas into the gaps between the compartments of the energy storage battery compartment to form an air curtain according to the execution command.

[0012] Preferably, the flow guiding and collecting assembly includes a funnel-shaped collecting hood and a gas guiding pipe arranged according to a preset trajectory; the funnel-shaped collecting hood is coaxially arranged with the injection port of the pressure relief valve, and the gas guiding pipe is connected to the outlet end of the funnel-shaped collecting hood.

[0013] Preferably, both the funnel-shaped collection hood and the inner wall of the gas guiding pipe are provided with baffles, and the baffles are a plurality of staggered arc-shaped plates.

[0014] Preferably, the graded collection channel includes several collection branch pipes and a main pipe that connects to all the collection branch pipes; the collection branch pipes are connected to the outlet of the flow guiding collection assembly; and a one-way valve is provided at the junction of the collection branch pipes and the main pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the airflow detection unit includes at least one of a flow sensor and a pressure sensor.

[0016] Preferably, the control unit includes a storage module and a processing module. The storage module is used to pre-store thermal runaway airflow parameter thresholds. The processing module is used to compare the real-time collected airflow parameter signals with the thermal runaway airflow parameter thresholds. When the airflow parameter signal exceeds the thermal runaway airflow parameter threshold, it is determined to be a thermal runaway event, and an execution command is generated and synchronously sent to the extraction processing unit and the isolation unit.

[0017] Preferably, the gas extraction unit includes a gas extraction pump and a catalytic burner; the gas extraction pump is located at the outlet end of the staged collection channel, and the catalytic burner is connected to the outlet of the gas extraction pump.

[0018] Preferably, the device further includes an exhaust pipe located outside the energy storage battery compartment, the exhaust pipe being connected to the outlet of the catalytic burner.

[0019] Preferably, the isolation unit includes an electromagnetic control valve, an inert gas storage tank, a gas pipeline connected to the inert gas storage tank, and air curtain nozzles located at the gaps between the compartments within the energy storage battery compartment.

[0020] The electromagnetic control valve is electrically connected to the control unit and the gas pipeline, respectively, and the air curtain nozzle is connected to the gas pipeline.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for treating thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment using the device described in the first aspect, comprising:

[0022] Capture the ejected gases from each battery cell in the energy storage compartment after depressurization, and collect the ejected gases into the graded collection channel.

[0023] Real-time monitoring of airflow parameter signals flowing through the graded collection channel; determination of whether thermal runaway has occurred in the energy storage battery compartment based on the airflow parameter signals.

[0024] When it is determined that the energy storage battery compartment has experienced thermal runaway, the following actions are simultaneously performed: accelerating the extraction of the jet gas collected in the staged collection channel, rendering the extracted jet gas harmless, and spraying inert gas into the gaps between the compartments of the energy storage battery compartment to form an air curtain.

[0025] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this invention uses a flow-guiding and collecting component coaxially arranged with the injection port of the pressure relief valve to receive the jet gas ejected from the pressure relief valve and guide the jet gas along a preset trajectory to the staged collection channel. The staged collection channel collects the jet gas guided by the flow-guiding and collecting component. By real-time monitoring of the airflow parameter signal flowing through the staged collection channel, it determines whether thermal runaway has occurred in the energy storage battery compartment. When thermal runaway is determined to have occurred in the energy storage battery compartment, execution commands are simultaneously sent to the extraction and processing unit and the isolation unit, causing the extraction and processing unit to act in coordination and simultaneously remove the jet gas. The jet gas collected in the staged collection channel is accelerated and drawn in, and the drawn jet gas is treated to be harmless. Inert gas is also sprayed into the gaps between the compartments in the energy storage battery compartment to form an air curtain. This simultaneously performs physical isolation and gas collection and treatment actions, changing from relying on the concentration accumulation signal after gas diffusion to responding to the physical impact signal at the moment of release, shortening the safety response time. Through the synergy of the air curtain barrier and catalytic combustion dual path, the energy transfer chain and combustible diffusion chain are cut off within the initial stage of thermal runaway, directly eliminating the impact heating of high temperature and high speed airflow on adjacent batteries, and actively interrupting the physical links of the thermal runaway chain reaction. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a device for handling thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a device for handling thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a method for handling thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Energy storage battery compartment 10, battery cluster 11, pressure relief valve 12, flow guiding and collection assembly 21, graded collection channel 22, airflow detection unit 23, control unit 24, air extraction and treatment unit 25 and isolation unit 26, funnel-shaped collection cover 110, battery cell 111, guide pipe 112, collection branch pipe 121, main pipe 122, air extraction pump 151, catalytic burner 152, inert gas storage tank 161, gas pipeline 162, and air curtain nozzle 163. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] The first embodiment of this application provides a device for handling thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the energy storage battery compartment 10 is applied to a battery cluster 11. Each battery cell 111 in the battery cluster 11 is equipped with a pressure relief valve 12, including: a flow guiding and collecting assembly 21, a graded collection channel 22, an airflow detection unit 23, a control unit 24, an air extraction and processing unit 25, and an isolation unit 26.

[0034] The flow guiding and collecting component 21 is coaxially arranged with the injection port of the pressure relief valve 12 to receive the jet gas ejected from the pressure relief valve 12 and guide the jet gas along a preset trajectory to the staged collection channel 22.

[0035] There should be multiple flow collection components 21, at least the same number as the pressure relief valves 12, and each flow collection component 21 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each pressure relief valve 12 to ensure that the jet gas is captured without damage within milliseconds.

[0036] Among them, the pressure relief valve 12 is a key actuator that releases high-pressure gas when the battery cell 111 thermally runs away. Its opening pressure threshold is calibrated and strongly coupled with the internal temperature rise rate of the battery. At the moment the pressure relief valve 12 opens, it triggers gas injection, forming an initial jet with clear directionality and high kinetic energy characteristics. After the jet is accurately captured by the flow guiding and collecting component 21, it is guided to the graded collection channel 22 along a preset trajectory.

[0037] The flow guiding and collecting component 21 and the injection port of the pressure relief valve 12 are kept in a coaxial spatial relationship to ensure that the high-speed jet generated at the moment of pressure relief can accurately enter the path.

[0038] The graded collection channel 22 is used to collect the jet gas discharged from the guide collection component 21.

[0039] Among them, the hierarchical collection channel 22 has a tree-like topology, with cluster-level branch pipes flowing into the cabin-level main pipe and finally leading to the air extraction and treatment unit 25.

[0040] The airflow detection unit 23 is installed at the entrance of the graded collection channel 22 to monitor the airflow parameter signal flowing through the graded collection channel 22 in real time and transmit the airflow parameter signal to the control unit 24.

[0041] The airflow parameter signals include flow rate and pressure, and their baseline values ​​are calibrated during the system quiescent period. By monitoring the airflow parameter signals flowing through the staged collection channel 22 in real time, thermal runaway jet characteristics can be dynamically identified.

[0042] The control unit 24 is used to determine whether thermal runaway has occurred in the energy storage battery compartment 10 based on the airflow parameter signal, and when it is determined that thermal runaway has occurred in the energy storage battery compartment 10, it simultaneously sends execution commands to the air extraction processing unit 25 and the isolation unit 26.

[0043] Among them, through dynamic deviation analysis of airflow parameter signals and baseline values, control unit 24 can complete thermal runaway identification within 10 milliseconds after pressure relief valve 12 is opened, which is much earlier than the second-level response of traditional gas concentration detection. The identification result directly triggers isolation unit 26 to complete physical isolation within 50 milliseconds, and synchronously drives gas extraction and processing unit 25 to start catalytic combustion. This enables the synchronous realization of millisecond-level closed-loop response of identification and isolation, identification and processing, and transforms risk control from passive waiting to active control.

[0044] The gas extraction and treatment unit 25 is used to accelerate the extraction of the jet gas collected in the graded collection channel 22 according to the execution command, and to perform harmless treatment on the extracted jet gas.

[0045] The execution command is configured so that upon receiving the command, the gas extraction unit 25 immediately increases the operating frequency of the variable frequency gas extraction pump, causing the gas flow rate inside the chamber to jump to the design threshold within 20 milliseconds. After being accelerated, the extracted jet gas quickly enters the catalytic combustion process, where it comes into full contact with the pre-placed catalyst in the catalytic combustion chamber. This allows the combustible components in the extracted jet gas to undergo a catalytic oxidation reaction, thereby efficiently and thoroughly converting the combustible components into low-risk emissions, mainly carbon dioxide and water vapor.

[0046] The isolation unit 26 is used to spray inert gas into the gaps between the compartments in the energy storage battery compartment 10 to form an air curtain according to the execution command.

[0047] The execution command is configured in the isolation unit 26 to complete the pressurization and directional injection of inert gas within 30 milliseconds after receiving the command. The inert gas is injected into the gaps between the compartments in the energy storage battery compartment 10 and expands rapidly to form a continuous and dense air curtain barrier, effectively blocking the propagation path of thermal runaway.

[0048] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the flow guiding and collecting component is coaxially arranged with the injection port of the pressure relief valve to receive the jet gas ejected from the pressure relief valve and guide the jet gas along a preset trajectory to the staged collection channel. The staged collection channel collects the jet gas guided by the flow guiding and collecting component. By monitoring the airflow parameter signal flowing through the staged collection channel in real time, it is determined whether thermal runaway has occurred in the energy storage battery compartment. When it is determined that thermal runaway has occurred in the energy storage battery compartment, execution commands are simultaneously sent to the extraction and processing unit and the isolation unit, so that the extraction and processing unit and the isolation unit work together to simultaneously separate the gas. The jet gas collected in the primary collection channel is accelerated and drawn in, and the drawn jet gas is treated to be harmless. Inert gas is also sprayed into the gaps between the compartments in the energy storage battery compartment to form an air curtain. This simultaneously performs physical isolation and gas collection and treatment actions, changing from relying on the concentration accumulation signal after gas diffusion to responding to the physical impact signal at the moment of release, shortening the safety response time. Through the synergy of the air curtain barrier and catalytic combustion dual pathways, the energy transfer chain and combustible diffusion chain are cut off within the initial stage of thermal runaway, directly eliminating the impact heating of high temperature and high speed airflow on adjacent batteries, and actively interrupting the physical links of the thermal runaway chain reaction.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] The second embodiment of this application provides a device for handling thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment, such as... Figures 1-2 As shown, the energy storage battery compartment 10 is applied to a battery cluster 11. Each battery cell 111 in the battery cluster 11 is equipped with a pressure relief valve 12, including: a flow guiding and collecting assembly 21, a graded collection channel 22, an airflow detection unit 23, a control unit 24, an air extraction and processing unit 25, and an isolation unit 26.

[0051] The flow guiding and collecting component 21 is coaxially arranged with the injection port of the pressure relief valve 12 to receive the jet gas ejected from the pressure relief valve 12 and guide the jet gas along a preset trajectory to the staged collection channel 22.

[0052] The flow guiding and collecting component 21 includes a funnel-shaped collecting cover 110 and a gas guiding pipe 112 arranged according to a preset trajectory; the funnel-shaped collecting cover 110 and the injection port of the pressure relief valve 12 are coaxially arranged, and the gas guiding pipe 112 is connected to the outlet end of the funnel-shaped collecting cover 110.

[0053] The opening diameter of the funnel-shaped collection hood 110 is slightly larger than the maximum expansion cross-section of the pressure relief valve 12's nozzle to ensure that the main body of the high-speed jet generated at the moment of pressure relief can accurately enter the path. At the same time, both the inner walls of the funnel-shaped collection hood 110 and the gas guiding pipe 112 are equipped with baffles, which are several staggered arc-shaped plates. When the battery cluster 11 experiences thermal runaway, the high-speed jet generated by the action of the pressure relief valve 12 is guided into the funnel-shaped collection hood 110 and the gas guiding pipe 112. During its movement, it continuously collides and rubs against the baffles, cutting and dispersing the single concentrated jet into multiple turbulent streams. This achieves the gradual dissipation of kinetic energy and pressure attenuation, effectively dispersing the kinetic energy of the concentrated jet. This completes the intervention of the initial jet with the most destructive impact, transforming it from disordered jetting into controlled diffusion.

[0054] The preset trajectory is used to lay out the gas guiding pipe 112. Generally, the preset trajectory is a spatial spiral downward direction to extend the gas travel and enhance the turbulence effect.

[0055] The graded collection channel 22 is used to collect the jet gas discharged from the guide collection component 21.

[0056] The hierarchical collection channel 22 has a tree-like topology. Specifically, the hierarchical collection channel 22 includes several collection branch pipes 121 and a main pipe 122 that connects to all the collection branch pipes 121. The collection branch pipes 121 are connected to the outlet of the flow guiding collection component 21. A one-way valve is provided at the junction of the collection branch pipes 121 and the main pipe 122.

[0057] Each collection branch pipe 121 is connected to the gas guide pipe 112 of the flow collection assembly 21 to collect the thermal runaway gas of each battery cell 111; the one-way valve ensures that the gas can only flow from the collection branch pipe 121 to the main pipe 122 in one direction, blocking the backflow interference caused by the pressure difference between adjacent branches, and avoiding the high pressure gas caused by local thermal runaway from back impacting the unfailed battery module; the end of the main pipe 122 is connected to the gas extraction and processing unit 25.

[0058] The airflow detection unit 23 is installed at the entrance of the graded collection channel 22 to monitor the airflow parameter signal flowing through the graded collection channel 22 in real time and transmit the airflow parameter signal to the control unit 24.

[0059] The airflow parameter signals include flow rate and pressure. The airflow detection unit 23 includes at least one of a flow sensor and a pressure sensor, wherein the flow sensor is used to collect flow rate parameters and the pressure sensor is used to collect pressure parameters.

[0060] The control unit 24 is used to determine whether thermal runaway has occurred in the energy storage battery compartment 10 based on the airflow parameter signal, and when it is determined that thermal runaway has occurred in the energy storage battery compartment 10, it simultaneously sends execution commands to the air extraction processing unit 25 and the isolation unit 26.

[0061] The control unit 24 includes a storage module and a processing module. The storage module is used to pre-store the thermal runaway airflow parameter threshold. The processing module is used to compare the real-time collected airflow parameter signal with the thermal runaway airflow parameter threshold. When the airflow parameter signal exceeds the thermal runaway airflow parameter threshold, it is determined to be a thermal runaway event, and an execution command is generated and synchronously sent to the air extraction processing unit 25 and the isolation unit 26.

[0062] For example, the thermal runaway airflow parameter thresholds include a thermal runaway flow rate threshold and a thermal runaway pressure threshold. Under normal conditions, the flow rate and pressure of the airflow are maintained at a stable baseline level. Once gas inrushes, the flow rate and pressure of the airflow will undergo significant abrupt changes within milliseconds. When the abruptly changed airflow parameter signal exceeds the preset thermal runaway airflow parameter threshold, it is determined to be a thermal runaway event, and an execution command is generated and synchronously sent to the extraction processing unit 25 and the isolation unit 26.

[0063] The gas extraction and treatment unit 25 is used to accelerate the extraction of the jet gas collected in the graded collection channel 22 according to the execution command, and to perform harmless treatment on the extracted jet gas.

[0064] The extraction and treatment unit 25 includes an extraction pump 151 and a catalytic burner 152; the extraction pump 151 is located at the outlet end of the staged collection channel 22, and the catalytic burner 152 is connected to the outlet of the extraction pump 151.

[0065] The vacuum pump 151 can be a variable frequency vacuum pump. After receiving the execution command, the vacuum pump 151 immediately increases its speed to accelerate the gas into the catalytic burner 152. The catalytic burner 152 includes a combustion chamber, a precious metal catalytic mesh disposed inside the combustion chamber, and an electric heating module for heating the catalytic mesh. After receiving the command, the electric heating module heats up to the ignition temperature in seconds, so that the combustible gas is efficiently oxidized into CO2 and H2O on the surface of the catalytic mesh. The precious metal catalytic mesh adopts a platinum-palladium composite coating to ensure that the combustion process is stable and controllable, and the emitted gas meets safety and environmental protection standards.

[0066] In addition, the treatment device includes an exhaust stack located outside the energy storage battery compartment 10, which is connected to the outlet of the catalytic burner 152. The treated clean gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust stack, effectively preventing inhalation by ground personnel and corrosion of surrounding equipment.

[0067] The isolation unit 26 is used to spray inert gas into the gaps between the compartments in the energy storage battery compartment 10 to form an air curtain according to the execution command.

[0068] The isolation unit 26 includes an electromagnetic control valve, an inert gas storage tank 161, a gas pipeline 162 connected to the inert gas storage tank 161, and an air curtain nozzle 163 located at the gap between each compartment in the energy storage battery compartment 10.

[0069] The electromagnetic control valve is electrically connected to the control unit 24 and the air pipeline 162 respectively, and the air curtain nozzle 163 is connected to the air pipeline 162.

[0070] The inert gas storage tank 161 stores high-purity nitrogen gas at a pressure maintained at 3.5 MPa. The electromagnetic control valve opens in milliseconds after receiving the execution command, driving the nitrogen gas to flow at high speed through the gas pipeline 162 to the air curtain nozzles 163 at the gaps between the compartments. The air curtain nozzles 163 adopt a fan-shaped atomization design to ensure that the inert gas forms a continuous pneumatic curtain with a thickness of ≥20 cm and a flow rate of ≥15 m / s within 0.3 seconds, effectively blocking the heat radiation transfer and the diffusion path of combustible gas, while suppressing the flame front propagation speed to below 0.1 m / s.

[0071] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a method for treating thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment, which is used to implement the aforementioned device for treating thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment.

[0072] The solution provided by this system is similar to the solution described in the above method. Therefore, the specific limitations of one or more embodiments of the method for handling thermal runaway gas in the energy storage battery compartment provided below can be found in the limitations of the device for handling thermal runaway gas in the energy storage battery compartment above, and will not be repeated here.

[0073] like Figure 3 As shown, this application provides a method for processing thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment using the device described in any of the above embodiments, comprising:

[0074] Step S1: Capture the ejected gas after the depressurization of each battery cell in the energy storage battery compartment, and collect the ejected gas into the graded collection channel.

[0075] Step S2: Monitor the airflow parameter signal flowing through the graded collection channel in real time, and determine whether thermal runaway has occurred in the energy storage battery compartment based on the airflow parameter signal;

[0076] Step S3: When it is determined that thermal runaway has occurred in the energy storage battery compartment, simultaneously execute the accelerated extraction of the jet gas collected in the staged collection channel, perform harmless treatment on the extracted jet gas, and spray inert gas into the gaps between the compartments in the energy storage battery compartment to form an air curtain.

[0077] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the method described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing device embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0078] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0079] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a replaceable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0080] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for handling thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment, applied to an energy storage battery compartment equipped with battery clusters, wherein each battery cell in the battery cluster is equipped with a pressure relief valve, characterized in that, include: The system includes a flow guide and collection assembly, a graded collection channel, an airflow detection unit, a control unit, an air extraction and processing unit, and an isolation unit. The flow guiding and collecting component is coaxially arranged with the injection port of the pressure relief valve, and is used to receive the jet gas ejected by the pressure relief valve and guide the jet gas along a preset trajectory to the staged collection channel; The graded collection channel is used to collect the jet gas exported by the flow collection component; The airflow detection unit is installed at the entrance of the graded collection channel to monitor the airflow parameter signal flowing through the graded collection channel in real time and transmit the airflow parameter signal to the control unit. The control unit is used to determine whether the energy storage battery compartment has experienced thermal runaway based on the airflow parameter signal, and when it is determined that the energy storage battery compartment has experienced thermal runaway, it simultaneously sends execution commands to the air extraction unit and the isolation unit. The gas extraction unit is used to accelerate the extraction of the jet gas collected in the graded collection channel according to the execution command, and to perform harmless treatment on the extracted jet gas. The isolation unit is used to spray inert gas into the gaps between the compartments of the energy storage battery compartment to form an air curtain according to the execution command.

2. The device for handling thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guiding and collecting assembly includes a funnel-shaped collecting hood and a gas guiding pipe arranged according to a preset trajectory; the funnel-shaped collecting hood is coaxially arranged with the injection port of the pressure relief valve, and the gas guiding pipe is connected to the outlet end of the funnel-shaped collecting hood.

3. The device for handling thermal runaway gas in the energy storage battery compartment according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the funnel-shaped collection hood and the inner wall of the gas guiding pipe are equipped with baffles, which are several staggered arc-shaped plates.

4. The device for handling thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The graded collection channel includes several collection branch pipes and a main pipe that connects to all the collection branch pipes; the collection branch pipes are connected to the outlet of the flow guiding collection assembly; a one-way valve is provided at the junction of the collection branch pipes and the main pipe.

5. The device for handling thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airflow detection unit includes at least one of a flow sensor and a pressure sensor.

6. The device for handling thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit includes a storage module and a processing module. The storage module is used to pre-store thermal runaway airflow parameter thresholds. The processing module is used to compare the real-time collected airflow parameter signals with the thermal runaway airflow parameter thresholds. When the airflow parameter signal exceeds the thermal runaway airflow parameter threshold, it is determined to be a thermal runaway event, and an execution command is generated and synchronously sent to the extraction processing unit and the isolation unit.

7. The device for handling thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas extraction unit includes a gas extraction pump and a catalytic burner; the gas extraction pump is located at the outlet end of the staged collection channel, and the catalytic burner is connected to the outlet of the gas extraction pump.

8. The device for handling thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes an exhaust pipe located outside the energy storage battery compartment, the exhaust pipe being connected to the outlet of the catalytic burner.

9. The device for handling thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolation unit includes an electromagnetic control valve, an inert gas storage tank, a gas pipeline connected to the inert gas storage tank, and air curtain nozzles located at the gaps between the compartments in the energy storage battery compartment. The electromagnetic control valve is electrically connected to the control unit and the gas pipeline, respectively, and the air curtain nozzle is connected to the gas pipeline.

10. A method for treating thermal runaway gas in an energy storage battery compartment using the apparatus described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, include: Capture the ejected gases from each battery cell in the energy storage compartment after depressurization, and collect the ejected gases into the graded collection channel. Real-time monitoring of airflow parameter signals flowing through the graded collection channel; determination of whether thermal runaway has occurred in the energy storage battery compartment based on the airflow parameter signals. When it is determined that the energy storage battery compartment has experienced thermal runaway, the following actions are simultaneously performed: accelerating the extraction of the jet gas collected in the staged collection channel, rendering the extracted jet gas harmless, and spraying inert gas into the gaps between the compartments of the energy storage battery compartment to form an air curtain.

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