A multi-source dust-containing flue gas cyclone mixing and cooling pre-dedusting air distribution device and a flue gas treatment method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of industrial flue gas treatment, and aims to solve the problems of poor mixing effect, uneven distribution of flue gas temperature field and concentration field, disconnection between pre-dedusting and air mixing, low dust removal efficiency, uneven cooling of cold air mixing, inadaptability to double-row bag-type dust collector, and serious unevenness of two-way air distribution of the existing multi-flue gas mixing device, and provides a multi-source dust-containing flue gas cyclone air mixing and cooling pre-dedusting and air distribution device and flue gas treatment method, which comprises a multi-source dust-containing air flow air inlet unit, a cold air mixing unit, a mixed air dust removal chamber, a top air distribution box, an air exhaust unit and a dust collection chamber; the present application sends the multi-flue gas flow into the mixed air dust removal chamber along the tangential direction of the circumference of the mixed air dust removal chamber, forms air flow cyclone, realizes first-stage centrifugal separation through the stable upward cyclone formed by the tangential air inlet, cuts the cooling air and the dust-containing air flow into the mixed air dust removal chamber in the same direction, realizes uniform mixing of the cold and hot air flow, and effectively solves the above problems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial flue gas treatment technology, and more specifically, to a multi-source dust-laden flue gas swirl mixing and cooling pre-dust removal air distribution device and flue gas treatment method. Background Technology

[0002] In the new dry-process cement production process, multiple streams of flue gas, including the preheater flue gas at the kiln tail, the circulating exhaust gas from the raw material mill, and the exhaust air from the cooler, need to be centrally treated before being sent to a bag filter for deep purification. These flue gases are characterized by large temperature differences (kiln tail hot air around 300℃, mill tail circulating air around 90℃), wide dust concentration ranges, and frequent airflow fluctuations. Traditional air-collecting dust collection devices cannot adapt to the mixing failure and flow field turbulence caused by the heterogeneity of the parameters of the multiple inlet airflows. Because the multiple airflows collide directly after entering the cavity, local strong eddies, stagnant zones, and airflow segregation are formed, making it impossible to achieve uniform air mixing. This results in severely uneven airflow distribution in subsequent dust collection units, leading to a significant decrease in overall dust removal efficiency. Therefore, uniform mixing, pre-dust removal, and temperature control must be completed beforehand to ensure the stable and safe operation of the subsequent bag filter.

[0003] Currently, the equipment used in this stage has significant shortcomings in practical engineering applications. The deficiencies of the existing technologies are as follows: 1. The mixing function is severely neglected, resulting in extremely poor flue gas homogenization. Existing devices only achieve mixing through simple collision and convergence of multiple flue gas streams, without a graded homogenization structure. Flue gas with different temperatures, velocities, and dust concentrations has a residence time of less than 1 second within the device, making it extremely prone to "hot and cold stratification and concentration segregation." The temperature deviation of the flue gas cross-section at the device outlet exceeds ±30℃, and the relative deviation of dust concentration exceeds ±40%, leading to drastic fluctuations in the inlet parameters of the subsequent bag filter—local high-temperature burning of filter bags, local low-temperature condensation and clogging of filter bags, and rapid wear of filter bags in high-concentration areas, shortening the average service life of filter bags by more than 50%.

[0004] 2. The pre-dust removal and mixing functions are disconnected, resulting in low dust reduction efficiency and significant safety hazards. The existing device relies solely on gravity settling to separate large dust particles, lacking an enhanced dust removal structure coupled with the mixing airflow field. The pre-dust removal efficiency for coarse particles larger than 10μm is less than 30%, and a large amount of coarse dust enters the bag filter with the flue gas, causing filter bag erosion and damage, and a sharp increase in the frequency of dust cleaning. At the same time, the device lacks a systematic design and monitoring method to prevent ash accumulation and material blockage. Ash hoppers are prone to ash accumulation and arching, and the discharge port is easily blocked. In extreme cases, there have been safety accidents of device collapse due to ash accumulation overload. The existing design has not fundamentally solved this problem.

[0005] 3. The design of the cold air mixing and cooling structure is unreasonable, resulting in poor temperature control accuracy and easy condensation and corrosion. Existing devices mostly use single-point, single-sided cold air valves to mix cold air, without a forced mixing structure. The mixing path of hot and cold fluids is short, making it impossible to achieve rapid and uniform cooling. The temperature control response is lagging, which not only makes it impossible to accurately control the flue gas temperature, but also easily leads to gas condensation due to local low temperature, which seriously corrodes the device shell and subsequent pipeline equipment.

[0006] 4. Poor adaptability of the outlet structure, unable to match the dual-row dust collection system of large production lines. Existing equipment is generally designed with a single outlet, which cannot adapt to the air distribution requirements of dual-row parallel bag dust collectors in large cement production lines of 5000t / d and above. This easily causes the inlet air volume and dust concentration distribution of the two dust collectors to deviate by more than ±20%, resulting in a serious imbalance in the operating conditions of the two dust collection systems, making it impossible to operate synchronously and stably to meet the standards. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention aims to provide a multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing and cooling pre-dust removal air distribution device and flue gas treatment method to solve the problems of poor mixing effect, uneven distribution of flue gas temperature and concentration fields, which leads to easy damage and unstable operation of filter bags in subsequent bag filters in existing multi-stream flue gas mixing devices. It also solves the problems of disconnection between pre-dust removal and mixing in existing devices, low dust removal efficiency, easy dust accumulation and material blockage, and potential collapse safety hazards. Furthermore, it addresses the problems of uneven cooling in existing cold air mixing devices, which easily leads to hot and cold stratification, local condensation and corrosion, and poor temperature control accuracy. Finally, it solves the problem that the single-outlet structure of existing devices cannot be adapted to double-row bag filters, resulting in severe uneven air distribution between the two paths.

[0008] This invention is achieved using the following technical solution: This invention provides a multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing and cooling pre-dust removal air distribution device, including a multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit, a cold air mixing unit, a mixing and dust removal chamber, a top air distribution box, an exhaust unit, and a dust collection chamber; The air mixing and dust suppression chamber adopts a vertical cylindrical body; The multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit and the cold air mixing unit are both located on the outside of the mixing and dust settling chamber, and both are connected to the lower part of the side wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber. The multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit is used to send multiple streams of dust-laden airflow into the interior of the mixing and dust-suppressing chamber along the tangential direction of the circumference of the mixing and dust-suppressing chamber, forming an airflow vortex; The cold air mixing unit is used to send cooling air into the interior of the mixing dust chamber along the tangential direction of the circumference. The cooling air and the dust-laden airflow form a swirling flow in the same direction, and the cooling air forms an annular cold air film on the inner wall of the mixing dust chamber. A wind-blocking and flow-equalizing ring is coaxially fixed on the upper side of the interior of the air mixing and dust settling chamber. The wind-blocking and flow-equalizing ring is used for secondary gas-solid separation and flow equalization and rectification. The top air distribution box is connected to the top of the mixing and dust settling chamber. The exhaust unit includes at least two gas outlets. The top air distribution box is connected to each of the gas outlets. An air distribution plate is installed inside the top air distribution box. The air distribution plate is used to evenly distribute the airflow after pre-dust removal in the mixing and dust settling chamber to each of the gas outlets. The dust collection chamber is connected to the bottom of the air mixing and dust settling chamber. The dust collection chamber is used to collect the dust that settles down after gas-solid separation and to achieve continuous dust discharge in a sealed and airtight manner.

[0009] The multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit of the present invention sends multiple streams of dust-laden airflow into the mixing and dust settling chamber along the tangential direction of the circumference of the mixing and dust settling chamber, forming an airflow vortex. The multiple streams of dust-laden airflow enter the mixing and dust settling chamber in the same direction, avoiding airflow collision and uneven mixing. The mixing uniformity of the multiple streams of dust-laden airflow is high, effectively solving the problems of poor mixing effect and uneven distribution of flue gas temperature field and concentration field in existing multi-stream flue gas mixing devices, which leads to easy damage to the filter bags of subsequent bag dust collectors and unstable operation. This invention achieves primary centrifugal separation by forming a stable upward swirling flow through tangential air intake, which can effectively remove dust. Combining pre-dust removal with air mixing not only improves dust reduction efficiency, but also solves the problems of dust accumulation arching, material blockage, and dust overload collapse by continuously discharging ash through a sealed and airtight dust collection chamber. This invention achieves uniform mixing of hot and cold air by introducing cooling air and dust-laden air into the mixing chamber in the same vortex direction. This avoids problems such as uneven cooling due to cold air mixing, which can easily lead to stratification, local condensation and corrosion, and poor temperature control accuracy. On the other hand, the cooling air forms a continuous cold air film along the inner wall of the cylinder, which isolates the high-temperature dust-laden air from direct contact with the cylinder wall, reduces the working temperature of the cylinder wall, and extends the overall service life. The exhaust unit of this invention includes at least two gas outlets, which can be adapted not only to double-row bag filters, but also to multiple outlets. The design of the air distribution plate can solve the problem of severe uneven air distribution.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution: The multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit includes a main air inlet and a secondary air inlet; The main air inlet is arranged along the tangential direction of the circumference of the mixing and dust settling chamber. The main air inlet includes a volute spiral section, an intermediate transition section and a straight air inlet section, which are integrally formed. The dust-collecting chamber is located inside the spiral of the volute spiral section. The volute spiral section is sealed to the dust-collecting chamber. The interior of the volute spiral section has a spiral curve gas flow channel, which is used to guide and force the dust-laden airflow to enter the interior of the dust-collecting chamber along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the dust-collecting chamber. The straight-through air intake section is a straight tubular structure used to connect to external dust-laden airflow; The two ends of the intermediate transition section are respectively connected to the volute spiral section and the straight intake section.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution: The intermediate transition section adopts a gradually expanding structure, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the gradually expanding structure gradually increase from the straight intake section to the spiral section of the volute.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution: The secondary air inlet includes a gradually expanding rectifier section and a straight-channel air inlet section, which are integrally formed. The gradually expanding rectifier section is connected to the mixing and dust settling chamber. The cross-sectional dimensions of the gradually expanding rectifier section gradually expand from the straight-channel air inlet section to the air outlet. The gradually expanding rectifier section is used to decelerate and rectify a single stream of dust-laden airflow. The gradually expanding rectifier section is connected to the mixing and dust settling chamber through the inlet section. The inlet section is arranged along the tangential direction of the circumference of the mixing and dust settling chamber. The inlet section is used for transitional guidance so that the airflow after the gradually expanding deceleration and rectification cuts into the interior of the mixing and dust settling chamber along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the chamber.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution: The multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit includes a first air inlet and a second air inlet. The two second air inlets are arranged vertically at intervals. The center height of the first air inlet is higher than the center height of the main air inlet, thus achieving staggered air intake. Each of the aforementioned secondary air inlets is equipped with an electric valve.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution: The cold air mixing unit includes a cold air box, a variable frequency cold air unit, a cold air sliding lock valve, and a guide volute cavity; The variable frequency air cooler is connected to the air cooler box, and the variable frequency air cooler is used to provide cooling air to the air cooler box; The air outlet of the cold air box is connected to and communicates with the air inlet of the guide volute cavity. The air outlet of the guide volute cavity is connected to and communicates with the mixing and dust settling chamber. The interior of the guide volute cavity has a spiral curved gas flow channel, which is arranged along the tangential direction of the circumference of the mixing and dust settling chamber. The spiral curved gas flow channel can rectify and guide the cooling air, so that the cooling air is sent tangentially into the mixing and dust settling chamber. The spiral direction of the guide volute cavity is consistent with that of the spiral section of the volute of the main air inlet. The cold air sliding lock valve is installed on the mixing and dust settling chamber and is located at the air outlet of the guide volute cavity. The cold air sliding lock valve is used to adjust the cold air intake volume.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution: The windbreak and flow equalization ring adopts a ring structure; The inner edge of the windbreak flow equalization ring is provided with a downwardly sloping arc-shaped fold. The inner ring edge of the windbreak flow equalization ring and the arc-shaped folded edge are connected by a rounded transition. The wind-blocking flow equalization ring, the arc-shaped folded edge, and the inner wall of the air mixing and dust settling chamber form an annular flow-blocking and deflecting cavity.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution: The position of the air distribution plate corresponds to the center of the windbreak and air distribution ring. The air distribution plate divides the internal cavity of the top air distribution box into at least two distribution chambers, and each distribution chamber is connected to a corresponding gas outlet.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution: All the gas outlets are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top air distribution box. When there are two gas outlets, there are also two flow distribution chambers, which fully adapts to the air distribution requirements of the dual-row parallel bag filter dust collector.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution: Each gas outlet is equipped with an adjustable valve, a static pressure sensor, and a temperature sensor. The static pressure sensor is used to monitor the airflow pressure at the gas outlet in real time and is connected to the PLC controller. The adjustable valve is an electric valve and is connected to the PLC controller. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the airflow temperature at the gas outlet in real time and is connected to the PLC controller. The variable frequency air cooler unit is also connected to the PLC controller.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution: The lower end of the dust collection chamber is sequentially equipped with a gate valve and an airlock-type rotary valve; A support base is fixed on the air mixing and dust settling chamber.

[0020] The present invention further provides a flue gas treatment method based on the above-mentioned multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing and cooling pre-dust removal air distribution device, comprising the following steps: S1. Multi-source airflow tangential introduction and swirl premixing; Multiple dust-laden airflows from different dust-generating stations on the cement production line enter the multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing, cooling, pre-dust removal, and air distribution device through the main air inlet and various secondary air inlets. The dust-laden airflow from the main air inlet flows sequentially through the straight air inlet section, the intermediate transition section, and the volute spiral section, cutting into the interior of the chamber along the tangential direction of the circumferential wall of the mixed air and dust settling chamber. The dust-laden airflow passing through the secondary air inlet is first decelerated and rectified by the gradually expanding rectifier section, and then cuts into the interior of the chamber along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber through the inlet section. Multiple airflows form a stable upward swirling flow in the mixing and dust settling chamber, and complete the primary momentum and mass exchange during the swirling process to achieve uniform mixing without obstruction. S2, conditioning and cooling with deep air mixing; The dust-laden airflow, after being premixed by S1, continues to rise along the mixing and dust settling chamber. The cold air mixing unit sends the cooling air into the mixing and dust settling chamber along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber through the guide volute cavity. The cooling air and the dust-laden airflow form a vortex in the same direction and mix, so that the cooling air and the dust-laden airflow can exchange heat evenly and achieve precise conditioning and cooling of the flue gas. Cooling air forms a continuous annular cold air film along the inner wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber, preventing the high-temperature flue gas from directly contacting the inner wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber. At the same time, the turbulence caused by the convergence of hot and cold air currents promotes the collision, aggregation, and growth of fine particles, thus improving the subsequent dust separation effect; S3, Two-stage coupled dust removal and ash discharge; After being cooled by S2 mixed air, the dust-laden airflow continues to swirl and rise in the mixed air dust collection chamber. Under the action of centrifugal force, the dust particles are thrown towards the inner wall of the chamber and slide down the wall to the dust collection chamber, completing the first-stage centrifugal separation. The remaining dust-laden airflow continues to rise to the windbreak and flow equalization ring, where it is forcibly turned towards the center of the chamber and swirls again, achieving secondary inertial dust removal; Dust that settles into the dust collection chamber is continuously discharged through a gate valve and an airlock-type rotary valve to prevent air leakage from disrupting the swirling flow field inside the dust collection chamber. S4, equal flow rectification and dual-path diversion conveying; After completing two stages of dust removal, the airflow is rectified and circulated by the windbreak and flow equalization ring before entering the top air distribution box; The air distribution plate inside the top air distribution box evenly distributes the airflow to each gas outlet; The PLC controller automatically adjusts the opening of the adjustable valves at each gas outlet and the air supply of the variable frequency air cooler unit based on the real-time monitoring data of the static pressure sensor and temperature sensor, so as to ensure a balanced distribution of air volume and air pressure in each path, and at the same time ensure that the airflow temperature at the gas outlet is stable within the temperature resistance threshold range of the subsequent double-row bag dust collector. The evenly distributed flue gas is sent to a subsequent double-row bag filter for deep purification treatment.

[0021] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing and cooling pre-dust removal air distribution device and treatment method of the present invention can effectively solve the problems of poor mixing effect and uneven distribution of flue gas temperature field and concentration field in existing multi-stream flue gas mixing devices, which leads to easy damage to filter bags and unstable operation of subsequent bag dust collectors. By adopting a tangential multi-inlet design, the tangential cyclone effect is used to completely solve the industry pain points of airflow collision and uneven mixing when multiple dust-generating points are centrally treated. The mixing uniformity of multiple heterogeneous dust-laden airflows is ≥95%. At the same time, by adjusting the opening of the electric valve of the secondary air inlet, it can perfectly adapt to the differences in air volume, air pressure and dust concentration of different dust-generating points. The equipment's adaptability to operating conditions is improved by more than 70% compared with traditional devices. It effectively avoids problems such as local high temperature burning of filter bags, local low temperature condensation and bag clogging, and rapid wear of filter bags in high concentration areas caused by uneven mixing, ensuring the stable operation of subsequent bag dust collectors.

[0022] 2. The present invention will further incorporate staggered layering in the multi-inlet design to achieve staggered air intake, which can enhance the intensity of airflow swirl and achieve uniform mixing of multiple airflows without obstruction, thereby improving the uniformity of air mixing.

[0023] 3. This invention solves the problems of existing devices where pre-dust removal and air mixing are disconnected, resulting in low dust reduction efficiency, easy dust accumulation and material blockage, and potential safety hazards of collapse. It achieves primary centrifugal separation through a stable upward swirling flow formed by tangential air intake, combined with secondary deflection separation by the baffle flow equalization ring, forming a two-stage inertial-centrifugal coupled dust removal system. The pre-dust removal efficiency for dust particles larger than 10μm is ≥85%, significantly reducing the dust load on subsequent baghouse dust collectors, extending the filter bag cleaning cycle by more than 50%, and significantly improving filter bag lifespan. Simultaneously, the arc-shaped folded edge design of the baffle flow equalization ring effectively avoids airflow turbulence, prevents short-circuit escape of dust-laden airflow, and ensures the stability of the pre-dust removal effect. Furthermore, the dust collection chamber adopts an inverted conical structure and is equipped with a gate valve, a lock-type rotary valve, a level gauge, and temperature monitoring components, enabling continuous airlock discharge of dust and real-time monitoring of dust accumulation. This fundamentally solves the safety hazards of dust arching, material blockage, and collapse due to dust overload.

[0024] 4. This invention solves the problems of uneven cooling caused by cold air mixing, easy stratification of hot and cold air, local condensation and corrosion, and poor temperature control accuracy in existing systems. It innovatively adopts a forward and unidirectional vortex cold air mixing structure, which achieves millisecond-level uniform mixing of hot and cold air, with a temperature control accuracy of ≤±5℃ and a temperature control response time of ≤3s. This completely solves the problems of hot and cold air stratification and uneven cooling, and completely avoids damage to the subsequent bag filter from the impact of high-temperature airflow. It also effectively prevents gas condensation caused by local low temperatures, and prevents corrosion of the device shell and subsequent pipeline equipment. On the other hand, the cooling air forms a continuous cold air film along the inner wall of the cylinder, isolating the high-temperature dust-laden airflow from direct contact with the cylinder wall. The working temperature of the cylinder wall is reduced by more than 40%, the thermal fatigue damage of the equipment is greatly reduced, and the overall service life is extended by more than 2 times compared with traditional devices.

[0025] 5. This invention solves the problem that the existing single-outlet structure of the device cannot be adapted to double-row bag filter dust collectors, and the two-way air distribution is seriously uneven. By using a symmetrical top air distribution box with a pre-diversion of the air distribution plate and adjusting the opening of the adjustable valve, the air volume distribution deviation of the two outlets can be ≤±5%, which can adapt to the air distribution requirements of double-row parallel bag filter dust collectors. It completely solves the problems of unbalanced air distribution and overload damage of single filter bags in the existing technology, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the subsequent dust removal system and reducing the system operation and maintenance cost by more than 40%.

[0026] 6. This invention integrates four major functions—air mixing, cooling, pre-dust removal, and diversion—into a single vertical unit. Compared to the traditional separate layout of "cooling tower + pre-dust collector," the equipment's footprint is reduced by more than 60%, the overall system resistance is reduced by more than 30%, the number of auxiliary equipment is significantly reduced, initial investment is reduced by more than 35%, and operating power consumption is reduced by more than 25%. While effectively addressing various shortcomings of existing technologies, it achieves system-level cost reduction and efficiency improvement, possessing extremely high economic and promotional value. It can be widely adapted to centralized treatment scenarios of multi-source heterogeneous dust-laden flue gas in industries such as cement, metallurgy, and mining. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the air inlet direction of the multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing and cooling pre-dust removal air distribution device described in this invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air outlet direction of the multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing and cooling pre-dust removal air distribution device described in this invention.

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The front view.

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The right view.

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the aa direction.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a layout diagram of the multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit and the cold air mixing unit described in this invention.

[0033] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Top view.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped folded edge structure described in this invention.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the arc-shaped folded edge described in this invention.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a CFD simulation diagram of the airflow in the multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing and cooling pre-dust removal air distribution device described in this invention.

[0037] Icons: 1-Multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit, 2-Cold air mixing unit, 3-Mixed air dust settling chamber, 4-Top air distribution box, 5-Exhaust unit, 6-Dust collection chamber, 7-Support base, 101-Main air inlet, 102-First air inlet, 103-Second air inlet, 1011-Volume spiral section, 1012-Intermediate transition section, 1013-Straight-channel air inlet section, 1021-Straight-channel air inlet section, 1022-Gradual expansion rectification. Section, 1023-Inlet Section, 201-Cold Air Box, 202-Variable Frequency Cold Air Unit, 203-Cold Air Sliding Lock Valve, 204-Guide Volute Cavity, 301-Wind Baffle and Flow Distribution Ring, 302-Folded Edge, 401-Air Distribution Divider Plate, 402-Auxiliary Guide Plate, 501-Gas Outlet, 502-Adjustable Valve, 503-Static Pressure Sensor, 504-Temperature Sensor, 601-Gate Valve, 602-Air Lock Type Rotary Rotary Unloader. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1 like Figures 1-9 As shown in the figure, this embodiment proposes a multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing and cooling pre-dust removal air distribution device, including a multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit 1, a cold air mixing unit 2, a mixing and dust removal chamber 3, a top air distribution box 4, an exhaust unit 5, a dust collection chamber 6, and a support base 7.

[0040] The mixed air dust settling chamber 3 serves as a gas-solid separation chamber to achieve pre-dust removal, and the mixed air dust settling chamber 3 adopts a vertical cylindrical body; The multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit 1 and the cold air mixing unit 2 are both arranged on the outside of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3 and are both connected to the lower part of the side wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3. The multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit 1 and the cold air mixing unit 2 are both connected to the mixing and dust settling chamber 3. The top air distribution box 4 is coaxially arranged on the top of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3, and the two are sealed together (e.g., by welding). The top air distribution box 4 is connected to the mixing and dust settling chamber 3. The top air distribution box 4 is connected to an exhaust unit 5, which is used to connect and communicate with the bag filter. The exhaust unit 5 includes at least two gas outlets 501. In this embodiment, the exhaust unit 5 includes two gas outlets 501, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top air distribution box 4. The top air distribution box 4 is connected to both gas outlets 501. The dust collection chamber 6 is located at the bottom of the air mixing and dust settling chamber 3, and the two are sealed together. The supporting base 7 is fixed on the air mixing and dust settling chamber 3; A windbreak and flow equalization ring 301 is coaxially fixedly installed in the upper part of the air mixing and dust settling chamber 3. The windbreak and flow equalization ring 301 is used for gas-solid secondary separation and flow equalization and rectification. The top air distribution box 4 is equipped with an air distribution plate 401, which is used to evenly distribute the airflow after pre-dust removal in the mixed air dust chamber 3, so as to ensure that the airflow is stably and evenly distributed to each gas outlet 501 of the exhaust unit 5.

[0041] In this embodiment, the mixing and dust settling chamber 3, the top air distribution box 4, the dust collection chamber 6, and the supporting base 7 are all arranged coaxially.

[0042] The multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit 1 serves as an introduction structure for multiple heterogeneous dust-laden airflows. The multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit 1 is used to tangentially send multiple heterogeneous dust-laden airflows into the mixing and dust settling chamber 3. The multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit 1 includes a main air inlet 101 and a secondary air inlet; like Figure 5As shown, the main air inlet 101 is arranged tangentially along the circumferential direction of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3. The main air inlet 101 includes a volute spiral section 1011, an intermediate transition section 1012, and a straight-line air inlet section 1013, which are integrally formed. The mixing and dust settling chamber 3 is located inside the spiral of the volute spiral section 1011. The volute spiral section 1011 is sealed to the mixing and dust settling chamber 3. The interior of the volute spiral section 1011 has a spiral curved gas flow channel, which guides and forces the dust-laden airflow to enter the mixing and dust settling chamber 3 tangentially along the inner wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3. Inside chamber 3; the straight-channel air inlet section 1013 is a straight tubular structure used to receive external dust-laden airflow; the two ends of the intermediate transition section 1012 are respectively connected to the volute spiral section 1011 and the straight-channel air inlet section 1013. The intermediate transition section 1012 is used to transition and connect the volute spiral section 1011 and the straight-channel air inlet section 1013, so that the dust-laden airflow is smoothly introduced into the volute spiral section 1011. The intermediate transition section 1012 can adopt a gradually expanding structure, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the gradually expanding structure gradually increase from the straight-channel air inlet section 1013 to the volute spiral section 1011. The dust-laden gas entering from the straight intake section 1013 passes through the spiral section 1011 of the volute and enters the interior of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3 along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3, thereby forming a stable upward swirling flow and avoiding the collision and turbulence of multiple airflows from the source.

[0043] The secondary air inlet is arranged on one side of the straight air inlet section 1013, and the gas flow channel of the secondary air inlet is arranged along the tangent of the inner wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3.

[0044] Thus, both the main air inlet 101 and the secondary air inlet adopt a tangential air intake method, so that the multi-source dust-laden airflow forms a stable swirling field along the inner wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3, avoiding airflow collision and turbulence, and using centrifugal force to achieve dust separation and settling, prolonging the airflow residence time and improving the mixing and dust settling effect.

[0045] In this embodiment, the diameter Φ of the vertical cylindrical body is 6m and the height is 15m; The cross-section of the straight intake section 1013 is rectangular, with dimensions of 5000×1200mm.

[0046] Preferably, the secondary air inlet includes a gradually expanding rectifier section 1022 and a straight-channel air inlet section 1021, which are integrally formed. The gradually expanding rectifier section 1022 is connected to the mixing and dust settling chamber 3. The cross-sectional dimensions of the gradually expanding rectifier section 1022 gradually expand from the straight-channel air inlet section 1021 to the outlet end (the outlet end is the end of the gradually expanding rectifier section 1022 near the mixing and dust settling chamber 3), with a gradually expanding ratio of 1:1.5. The gradually expanding rectifier section 1022 of the secondary air inlet can decelerate and rectify a single high-speed dust-laden airflow, for example, from 22m / s to 15m / s, eliminating local turbulence in the high-speed inlet airflow and forcing the airflow to enter the mixing and dust settling chamber 3 along a preset vortex direction.

[0047] In this embodiment, the cross-section of the straight-through air intake section 1021 is circular with a diameter φ of 2000mm.

[0048] Preferably, the gradually expanding rectifier section 1022 is connected to the mixing and dust settling chamber 3 through the inlet section 1023. The inlet section 1023 is arranged along the tangential direction of the circumference of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3. The inlet section 1023 is used for transitional guidance so that the airflow after gradually expanding, decelerating and rectifying smoothly cuts into the interior of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3 along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3.

[0049] Preferably, at least one secondary air inlet is provided. For example, the multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit 1 includes a first air inlet 102 and a second air inlet 103. The two secondary air inlets are arranged vertically at intervals. The center height of the first air inlet 102 is higher than the center height of the main air inlet 101, for example, by 1000 mm, to achieve staggered air intake. Each air inlet is connected to the air collection pipes of different dust-generating work positions on the production site, and simultaneously gathers multiple independent dust-laden airflows to adapt to the differences in air volume, air pressure and dust concentration at different work positions. The multi-inlet staggered tangential air intake method with main air intake + secondary air intake can enhance the airflow swirl intensity and achieve uniform mixing of multiple airflows without obstruction, with a mixing uniformity of ≥95%.

[0050] Preferably, the secondary air inlet is equipped with an electric valve, which is located on the straight-line air inlet section 1021. The air intake volume can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the electric valve, with an adjustment range of 0-100%, to adapt to the differences in air volume, air pressure, and dust concentration at different workstations.

[0051] The cold air mixing unit 2 is arranged tangentially along the circumference of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3. The cold air mixing unit 2 serves as a conditioning and cooling structure for the dust-laden airflow. The cold air mixing unit 2 is connected to the mixing and dust settling chamber 3 and is used to tangentially send cooling air into the mixing and dust settling chamber 3. The cooling air forms a continuous annular cold air film along the inner wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3 to avoid direct contact between the high-temperature dust-laden airflow and the inner wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3. The airflow from the multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit 1 and the cold air mixing unit 2 both cut into the interior of the mixing dust chamber 3 along the tangential direction of the circumference. The cold air mixing unit 2 is arranged along the circumference of the mixing dust chamber 3 at the rear side of the dust-laden airflow swirl direction of the multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit 1, forming a vortex mixing structure with the dust-laden airflow in the same direction. The cold air mixing unit 2 includes a cold air box 201, a variable frequency cold air unit 202, a cold air sliding lock valve 203, and a guide volute cavity 204. The variable frequency air cooler 202 is connected to the air cooler box 201, and the variable frequency air cooler 202 is used to provide cooling air to the air cooler box 201. The air outlet of the cold air box 201 is connected and communicates with the air inlet of the guide volute cavity 204. The air outlet of the guide volute cavity 204 is connected and communicates with the mixing and dust settling chamber 3. The interior of the guide volute cavity 204 has a spiral curved gas flow channel, which is arranged along the tangential direction of the circumference of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3. The spiral curved gas flow channel can rectify and guide the cooling air, so that the cooling air is tangentially sent into the mixing and dust settling chamber 3. The spiral direction of the guide volute cavity 204 is consistent with that of the spiral section 1011 of the volute of the main air inlet 101. The cold air sliding lock valve 203 is installed on the mixing and dust settling chamber 3 and is located at the air outlet end of the guide volute cavity 204. The cold air sliding lock valve 203 is used to adjust the cold air intake volume. Thus, the cooling air intake volume can be adjusted by regulating the opening of the cold air sliding lock valve 203, with an adjustment range of 0-100%. The cold air mixing unit 2 adopts a forward tangential vortex intake design, which allows the cooling air to form a continuous annular cold air film along the inner wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3, isolating the high-temperature dust-laden airflow from the side wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3, avoiding direct contact between the two, reducing the working temperature of the wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3 by more than 40%, and preventing the side wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3 from thermal deformation and thermal fatigue caused by high-temperature impact, thus significantly extending the service life of the equipment. At the same time, the cooling air and the dust-laden airflow form forced turbulent mixing during the co-current swirling process, achieving millisecond-level uniform mixing of cold and hot airflows, completely solving the problems of cold and hot stratification and uneven cooling, with a temperature control accuracy of within ±5℃.

[0052] In this embodiment, the variable frequency air cooler unit 202 adopts a variable frequency speed-regulating centrifugal fan with a rated air volume of 0~80000m³ / h and a total pressure of 1800~2200Pa. The air outlet is sealed and connected to the air cooler box 201 through a non-standard customized carbon steel air duct. The air supply volume can be adjusted in real time according to the flue gas temperature in the mixing and dust settling chamber 3, and the temperature control response time is ≤3s. The cold air box 201 is a closed trapezoidal gradually widening pressure-stabilizing cavity with a single-sided expansion angle of 15° to ensure that the cold air pressure is evenly distributed along the circumference. The dust-collecting chamber 3 is made of Q355B high-strength steel plate welded together. The inner wall is lined with 10~15mm thick 95% alumina wear-resistant ceramic lining plate (e.g., 12mm), with a bonding strength ≥10MPa. It is designed to withstand temperatures of 450℃ and negative pressure of -12000Pa, effectively resisting the scouring and corrosion of dust-laden airflow, and is suitable for harsh working conditions in industries such as building materials, metallurgy, and mining.

[0053] The windbreak flow equalization ring 301 adopts an annular structure and is made of 16Mn steel. Its outer diameter is 6000mm. It is interference-fitted with the inner diameter of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3 and fully welded. Its inner diameter is 5500mm (the difference between the inner diameter of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3 and the inner diameter of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3 is 500mm).

[0054] Preferred, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the inner ring edge of the windbreak and flow equalization ring 301 is provided with a downwardly inclined arc-shaped folded edge 302 at 15-20° (e.g., 18°). The radius of curvature R of the arc-shaped folded edge 302 is 200mm, and the height of the arc-shaped folded edge 302 is 400mm. The arc-shaped folded edge 302 is in the shape of an upwardly converging arc-shaped horn mouth. The inner ring edge of the windbreak and flow equalization ring 301 and the arc-shaped folded edge 302 are connected by a rounded transition without right-angle folds to avoid airflow impact and turbulence. The windbreak and flow equalization ring 301, the arc-shaped folded edge 302 and the inner wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3 form an annular flow-blocking and deflecting cavity to achieve flow blocking and deflection. The windbreak and flow equalization ring 301 and the arc-shaped folded edge 302 are integrally formed structures. The windbreak and flow equalization ring 301 is used to block the dust-laden airflow rising along the inner wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3 from directly entering the top air distribution box 4, forcing the airflow to turn towards the center of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3, and participate in the swirling separation again, thus preventing the dust-laden airflow from escaping through a short circuit; and to perform full-section flow equalization and rectification of the rising airflow, eliminating local eddies and wind speed deviations, so that the wind speed and pressure distribution of the airflow entering the top air distribution box 4 is ≥95%, providing a stable flow field basis for dual-outlet or multi-outlet pressure equalization and air distribution.

[0055] The top air distribution box 4 serves as a pressure-stabilizing and flow-dividing structure for airflow. It is fixedly and sealed at the top of the mixing and dust-reducing chamber 3 and is integrated with the exhaust unit 5 to achieve pressure stabilization and symmetrical flow-dividing of the homogenized airflow.

[0056] In this embodiment, the top air distribution box 4 adopts a symmetrical cavity structure. Its lower port is coaxially and sealed to the mixing and dust settling chamber 3 via a flange. A high-temperature resistant fluororubber sealing gasket is installed between the flanges, achieving a sealing rating of IP65. The top air distribution box 4 is internally equipped with an air distribution plate 401, positioned at the center of the windbreak and flow equalization ring 301. The air distribution plate 401 divides the internal cavity of the top air distribution box 4 into two symmetrical flow distribution chambers. These two flow distribution chambers are respectively connected to the two gas outlets 501 of the exhaust unit 5. The air distribution plate 401 is used to achieve primary flow division. The top air distribution box 4 and the exhaust unit 5 are integrally formed.

[0057] Preferably, each of the two flow distribution chambers is provided with an inverted V-shaped auxiliary guide plate 402, which is used to evenly distribute the homogenized airflow to the gas outlets 501 on both sides of the top air distribution box 4, eliminate airflow pulsation, and avoid uneven load distribution in the dual-path air distribution. The auxiliary guide plate 402 is used to achieve secondary flow distribution and flow stabilization. The air distribution plate 401 and the auxiliary guide plate 402 can be made of wear-resistant steel plate.

[0058] The exhaust unit 5 serves as the discharge structure for the treated airflow. It includes two identical gas outlets 501, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top air distribution box 4, perfectly adapting to the air distribution requirements of the dual-row parallel bag filter dust collector.

[0059] Preferably, each gas outlet 501 is equipped with an adjustable valve 502, a static pressure sensor 503, and a temperature sensor 504. The static pressure sensor 503 is used to monitor the airflow pressure of the gas outlet 501 in real time and is connected to a PLC controller. The adjustable valve 502 is an electric valve and is connected to the PLC controller. The PLC controller automatically adjusts the opening of the adjustable valve 502 to ensure that the airflow distribution deviation between the two outlets is ≤±5%. The temperature sensor 504 is used to monitor the airflow temperature of the gas outlet 501 in real time and is connected to the PLC controller. The variable frequency air cooler unit 202 is also connected to the PLC controller. In this way, the PLC controller can automatically adjust the cold air supply of the cold air mixing unit 2 to ensure that the airflow temperature of the gas outlet 501 is always lower than the temperature resistance threshold (e.g., ≤160℃) of the subsequent dust removal equipment. Furthermore, the inner wall of the gas outlet 501 is coated with a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating, which can effectively resist the scouring and corrosion of residual dust and extend the service life of the pipeline.

[0060] In this embodiment, the cross-sectional dimensions of each gas outlet 501 are 2200×1800mm, the outlet wind speed is 12m / s under rated operating conditions, and the inner wall of the outlet pipe is covered with an 8mm thick wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating.

[0061] In this embodiment, the dust collection chamber 6 is arranged at the bottom of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3 and is coaxially and sealed with the mixing and dust settling chamber 3. The overall structure is an inverted cone shape with a cone angle of 60~70° (e.g., 65°), which can ensure that the settled dust slides down smoothly without material accumulation. The lower port diameter of the dust collection chamber 6 is 400~600mm (e.g., 500mm), and the lower end of the dust collection chamber 6 is sequentially provided with a gate valve 601 and an airlock-type rotary valve 602 to realize continuous ash discharge and full-process airlock, avoiding air leakage that would disturb the stable swirling field inside the chamber.

[0062] Preferably, a level gauge and a temperature monitoring component are also provided at the lower part of the dust collection chamber 6, which can monitor the ash height and ash temperature in the ash hopper in real time, and avoid ash overload and excessive temperature to corrode the side wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3.

[0063] In this embodiment, the support base 7 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3. The support base 7 is used to support the concrete floor or steel structure floor. The support base 7 is made of welded steel (e.g., HW steel) and has a load-bearing capacity that meets the full-load operation requirements of the equipment (e.g., greater than 120t). At the same time, it reserves space for maintenance and installation and is compatible with the on-site civil engineering foundation.

[0064] The welding, flange sealing, electrical control, wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant treatment processes mentioned in this embodiment can all be achieved using conventional techniques in the field; the electric valve, adjustable valve 502, gate valve 601 and airlock rotary valve 602 can all be existing products.

[0065] This embodiment is adapted to the exhaust gas treatment scenario of a vertical mill for raw materials in a cement production line. The rated treatment air volume is 500,000 m³ / h, the inlet flue gas temperature is 220-280℃, and the outlet target temperature is 120-160℃.

[0066] This embodiment, verified through on-site industrial testing, achieved the following quantifiable technical effects: like Figure 10 As shown, the mixing uniformity of multiple heterogeneous dust-laden airflows is ≥95%, and the equipment's adaptability to operating conditions is improved by more than 70% compared to traditional devices. It can adapt to wide fluctuations in operating conditions of 30%~120% of the rated air volume. Temperature control accuracy ≤ ±5℃, temperature control response time ≤ 3s, working temperature of cylinder wall reduced by 42%, and overall service life of equipment extended by 2.3 times compared with traditional devices; The pre-dust removal efficiency for dust particles larger than 10μm is ≥86%, which extends the cleaning cycle of the filter bags in the subsequent baghouse dust collector by 55% and increases the service life of the filter bags by 60%. The air volume distribution deviation between the two outlets is ≤±4%, completely solving the problem of imbalance in the dual-path air distribution and reducing the subsequent dust removal system operation and maintenance costs by 42%. The equipment occupies 63% less floor space than the traditional split layout of "cooling tower + pre-dust collector + air distribution box", the overall system resistance is reduced by 34%, the initial investment is reduced by 37%, and the annual operating power consumption is reduced by 27%.

[0067] Example 2 This embodiment is a modified solution adapted to the scenario of large flue gas volume treatment at the cement kiln tail. The rated treatment air volume is 800,000 m³ / h, and the inlet flue gas temperature is 250~320℃. The core structure is the same as that of Embodiment 1, with only the following key parameters adjusted: The diameter Φ of the mixing and dust-reducing chamber 3 is 8m, the height is 10m, and the inner wall is lined with a 15mm thick wear-resistant ceramic lining plate. The straight intake section 1013 of the main air inlet 101 has a size of 5000×1600mm. The diameter φ of the straight intake section 1021 of the first air inlet 102 and the second air inlet 103 is 2200mm. The center height of the first air inlet 102 is 1200mm higher than the center height of the main air inlet 101. The rated air volume of the variable frequency air cooler unit 202 is 0~120000m³ / h, and the total pressure is 2000Pa; The windbreak flow equalization ring 301 has an outer diameter of 8000mm, an inner diameter of 7500mm, an inclination angle of 20° for the inner ring arc-shaped folded edge 302, and a height of 500mm. The dust collection chamber 6 has a cone angle of 68° and a lower port diameter of 600mm, and is equipped with a YJD-30 type airlock rotary valve 602.

[0068] This embodiment can meet the treatment requirements of large flue gas volume and high temperature flue gas. The remaining structure and working principle are completely the same as those of Embodiment 1, and the same technical effect can be achieved.

[0069] Example 3 This embodiment proposes a flue gas treatment method based on the multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing and cooling pre-dust removal air distribution device described in Embodiment 1, including the following steps: S1. Multi-source airflow tangential introduction and swirl premixing; Multiple dust-laden airflows from different dust-generating stations on the cement production line enter the multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing, cooling, pre-dust removal, and air distribution device through the main air inlet 101 and various secondary air inlets. The dust-laden airflow through the main air inlet 101 flows sequentially through the straight air inlet section 1013, the intermediate transition section 1012 and the volute spiral section 1011, and cuts into the interior of the chamber along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the mixed air dust settling chamber 3. The dust-laden airflow passing through the secondary air inlet first decelerates and is rectified by the gradually expanding rectifier section 1022, and then enters the interior of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3 along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the inlet section 1023. Multiple airflows form a stable upward swirling flow within the mixing and dust settling chamber 3, completing the initial momentum and mass exchange during the swirling process, achieving uniform mixing without countercurrent.

[0070] S2, conditioning and cooling with deep air mixing; The dust-laden airflow, after being premixed by S1, continues to rise along the mixing and dust settling chamber 3. The cold air mixing unit 2 sends the cooling air into the mixing and dust settling chamber 3 along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3 through the guide volute cavity 204. The cooling air and the dust-laden airflow form a co-rotating vortex and mix, achieving millisecond-level uniform heat exchange between the hot and cold airflows, thus completing precise conditioning and cooling of the flue gas. The cooling air forms a continuous annular cold air film along the inner wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3, which isolates the high-temperature flue gas from direct contact with the inner wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber 3. At the same time, the convergence and disturbance of hot and cold air currents cause fine particles to collide and agglomerate, thus improving the subsequent dust separation effect.

[0071] S3, Two-stage coupled dust removal and ash discharge; After being cooled by S2 mixed air, the dust-laden airflow continues to swirl and rise in the mixed air dust collection chamber 3. Under the action of centrifugal force, the dust particles are thrown towards the inner wall of the chamber and slide down the wall to the dust collection chamber 6, completing the first-stage centrifugal separation. The remaining dust-laden airflow continues to rise to the windbreak and flow equalization ring 301, where it is forcibly deflected towards the center of the chamber and swirls again, achieving secondary inertial dust removal. Dust that settles into the dust collection chamber 6 is continuously discharged through the gate valve 601 and the airlock-type rotary valve 602, preventing air leakage from disrupting the swirling flow field inside the mixed air and dust settling chamber 3.

[0072] S4, equal flow rectification and dual-path diversion conveying; After completing two-stage dust removal, the airflow is rectified and uniformly circulated by the windbreak and flow equalization ring 301 before smoothly entering the top air distribution box 4; The air distribution plate 401 inside the top air distribution box 4 evenly distributes the airflow to the gas outlets 501 on both sides. The PLC system (such as a PLC controller) automatically adjusts the opening of the adjustable valve 502 at each gas outlet 501 and the air supply of the variable frequency air cooler 202 based on the real-time monitoring data of the two static pressure sensors 503 and the temperature sensor 504, so as to ensure a balanced distribution of air volume and air pressure between the two channels, and at the same time ensure that the airflow temperature at the gas outlet 501 is stable within the temperature resistance threshold range of the subsequent double-row bag dust collector. The evenly distributed flue gas is sent to a subsequent double-row bag filter for deep purification treatment.

[0073] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing and cooling pre-dust removal air distribution device, characterized in that: It includes a multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit, a cold air mixing unit, a mixing and dust settling chamber, a top air distribution box, an exhaust unit, and a dust collection chamber; The air mixing and dust suppression chamber adopts a vertical cylindrical body; The multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit and the cold air mixing unit are both located on the outside of the mixing and dust settling chamber, and both are connected to the lower part of the side wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber. The multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit is used to send multiple streams of dust-laden airflow into the interior of the mixing and dust-suppressing chamber along the tangential direction of the circumference of the mixing and dust-suppressing chamber, forming an airflow vortex; The cold air mixing unit is used to send cooling air into the interior of the mixing dust chamber along the tangential direction of the circumference. The cooling air and the dust-laden airflow form a swirling flow in the same direction, and the cooling air forms an annular cold air film on the inner wall of the mixing dust chamber. A wind-blocking and flow-equalizing ring is coaxially fixed on the upper side of the interior of the air mixing and dust settling chamber. The wind-blocking and flow-equalizing ring is used for secondary gas-solid separation and flow equalization and rectification. The top air distribution box is connected to the top of the mixing and dust settling chamber. The exhaust unit includes at least two gas outlets. The top air distribution box is connected to each of the gas outlets. An air distribution plate is installed inside the top air distribution box. The air distribution plate is used to evenly distribute the airflow after pre-dust removal in the mixing and dust settling chamber to each of the gas outlets. The dust collection chamber is connected to the bottom of the air mixing and dust settling chamber. The dust collection chamber is used to collect the dust that settles down after gas-solid separation and to achieve continuous dust discharge in a sealed and airtight manner.

2. The multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing and cooling pre-dust removal air distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit includes a main air inlet and a secondary air inlet; The main air inlet is arranged along the tangential direction of the circumference of the mixing and dust settling chamber. The main air inlet includes a volute spiral section, an intermediate transition section and a straight air inlet section, which are integrally formed. The dust-collecting chamber is located inside the spiral of the volute spiral section. The volute spiral section is sealed to the dust-collecting chamber. The interior of the volute spiral section has a spiral curve gas flow channel, which is used to guide and force the dust-laden airflow to enter the interior of the dust-collecting chamber along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the dust-collecting chamber. The straight-through air intake section is a straight tubular structure used to connect to external dust-laden airflow; The two ends of the intermediate transition section are respectively connected to the volute spiral section and the straight intake section.

3. The multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing and cooling pre-dust removal air distribution device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The secondary air inlet includes a gradually expanding rectifier section and a straight-channel air inlet section, which are integrally formed. The gradually expanding rectifier section is connected to the mixing and dust settling chamber. The cross-sectional dimensions of the gradually expanding rectifier section gradually expand from the straight-channel air inlet section to the air outlet. The gradually expanding rectifier section is used to decelerate and rectify a single stream of dust-laden airflow. The gradually expanding rectifier section is connected to the mixing and dust settling chamber through the inlet section. The inlet section is arranged along the tangential direction of the circumference of the mixing and dust settling chamber. The inlet section is used for transitional guidance so that the airflow after the gradually expanding deceleration and rectification cuts into the interior of the mixing and dust settling chamber along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the chamber.

4. The multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing and cooling pre-dust removal air distribution device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-source dust-laden airflow inlet unit includes a first air inlet and a second air inlet. The two second air inlets are arranged vertically at intervals. The center height of the first air inlet is higher than the center height of the main air inlet, thus achieving staggered air intake. Each of the aforementioned secondary air inlets is equipped with an electric valve.

5. The multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing and cooling pre-dust removal air distribution device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cold air mixing unit includes a cold air box, a variable frequency cold air unit, a cold air sliding lock valve, and a guide volute cavity; The variable frequency air cooler is connected to the air cooler box, and the variable frequency air cooler is used to provide cooling air to the air cooler box; The air outlet of the cold air box is connected to and communicates with the air inlet of the guide volute cavity. The air outlet of the guide volute cavity is connected to and communicates with the mixing and dust settling chamber. The interior of the guide volute cavity has a spiral curved gas flow channel, which is arranged along the tangential direction of the circumference of the mixing and dust settling chamber. The spiral curved gas flow channel can rectify and guide the cooling air, so that the cooling air is sent tangentially into the mixing and dust settling chamber. The spiral direction of the guide volute cavity is consistent with that of the spiral section of the volute of the main air inlet. The cold air sliding lock valve is installed on the mixing and dust settling chamber and is located at the air outlet of the guide volute cavity. The cold air sliding lock valve is used to adjust the cold air intake volume.

6. The multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing and cooling pre-dust removal air distribution device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The windbreak and flow equalization ring adopts a ring structure; The inner edge of the windbreak flow equalization ring is provided with a downwardly sloping arc-shaped fold. The inner ring edge of the windbreak flow equalization ring and the arc-shaped folded edge are connected by a rounded transition. The wind-blocking flow equalization ring, the arc-shaped folded edge, and the inner wall of the air mixing and dust settling chamber form an annular flow-blocking and deflecting cavity.

7. The multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing and cooling pre-dust removal air distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position of the air distribution plate corresponds to the center of the windbreak and air distribution ring. The air distribution plate divides the internal cavity of the top air distribution box into at least two distribution chambers, and each distribution chamber is connected to a corresponding gas outlet.

8. The multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing and cooling pre-dust removal air distribution device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each gas outlet is equipped with an adjustable valve, a static pressure sensor, and a temperature sensor. The static pressure sensor is used to monitor the airflow pressure at the gas outlet in real time and is connected to the PLC controller. The adjustable valve is an electric valve and is connected to the PLC controller. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the airflow temperature at the gas outlet in real time and is connected to the PLC controller. The variable frequency air cooler unit is also connected to the PLC controller.

9. The multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing and cooling pre-dust removal air distribution device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower end of the dust collection chamber is sequentially equipped with a gate valve and an airlock-type rotary valve; A support base is fixed on the air mixing and dust settling chamber.

10. A flue gas treatment method based on the multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing and cooling pre-dust removal air distribution device according to claim 9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Multi-source airflow tangential introduction and swirl premixing; Multiple dust-laden airflows from different dust-generating stations on the cement production line enter the multi-source dust-laden flue gas cyclone mixing, cooling, pre-dust removal, and air distribution device through the main air inlet and various secondary air inlets. The dust-laden airflow from the main air inlet flows sequentially through the straight air inlet section, the intermediate transition section, and the volute spiral section, cutting into the interior of the chamber along the tangential direction of the circumferential wall of the mixed air and dust settling chamber. The dust-laden airflow passing through the secondary air inlet is first decelerated and rectified by the gradually expanding rectifier section, and then cuts into the interior of the chamber along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber through the inlet section. Multiple airflows form a stable upward swirling flow in the mixing and dust settling chamber, and complete the primary momentum and mass exchange during the swirling process to achieve uniform mixing without obstruction. S2, conditioning and cooling with deep air mixing; The dust-laden airflow, after being premixed by S1, continues to rise along the mixing and dust settling chamber. The cold air mixing unit sends the cooling air into the mixing and dust settling chamber along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber through the guide volute cavity. The cooling air and the dust-laden airflow form a vortex in the same direction and mix, so that the cooling air and the dust-laden airflow can exchange heat evenly and achieve precise conditioning and cooling of the flue gas. Cooling air forms a continuous annular cold air film along the inner wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber, preventing the high-temperature flue gas from directly contacting the inner wall of the mixing and dust settling chamber. At the same time, the turbulence caused by the convergence of hot and cold air currents promotes the collision, aggregation, and growth of fine particles, thus improving the subsequent dust separation effect; S3, Two-stage coupled dust removal and ash discharge; After being cooled by S2 mixed air, the dust-laden airflow continues to swirl and rise in the mixed air dust collection chamber. Under the action of centrifugal force, the dust particles are thrown towards the inner wall of the chamber and slide down the wall to the dust collection chamber, completing the first-stage centrifugal separation. The remaining dust-laden airflow continues to rise to the windbreak and flow equalization ring, where it is forcibly turned towards the center of the chamber and swirls again, achieving secondary inertial dust removal; Dust that settles into the dust collection chamber is continuously discharged through a gate valve and an airlock-type rotary valve to prevent air leakage from disrupting the swirling flow field inside the dust collection chamber. S4, equal flow rectification and dual-path diversion conveying; After completing two stages of dust removal, the airflow is rectified and circulated by the windbreak and flow equalization ring before entering the top air distribution box; The air distribution plate inside the top air distribution box evenly distributes the airflow to each gas outlet; The PLC controller automatically adjusts the opening of the adjustable valves at each gas outlet and the air supply of the variable frequency air cooler unit based on the real-time monitoring data of the static pressure sensor and temperature sensor, so as to ensure a balanced distribution of air volume and air pressure in each path, and at the same time ensure that the airflow temperature at the gas outlet is stable within the temperature resistance threshold range of the subsequent double-row bag dust collector. The evenly distributed flue gas is sent to a subsequent double-row bag filter for deep purification treatment.

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