New energy electric vehicle lithium battery recycling device and lithium battery processing process

Abstract

The application provides a new energy electric vehicle lithium battery recycling device and a lithium battery processing technology, and relates to the technical field of new energy electric vehicle lithium battery recycling. The new energy electric vehicle lithium battery recycling device comprises a rack, a skirt conveyor, a manual classification unit, a coarse crushing unit, a magnetic separation unit, a fine crushing unit, an air flow separation unit, a bag type dust removal unit and a waste gas treatment unit. The skirt conveyor is installed on the inner side of the rack. The manual classification unit, the coarse crushing unit, the magnetic separation unit, the fine crushing unit, the air flow separation unit, the bag type dust removal unit and the waste gas treatment unit are sequentially installed on the rack. The new energy electric vehicle lithium battery recycling device and the lithium battery processing technology can gradually process new energy electric vehicle lithium batteries through each unit. The bag type dust removal unit can make the cloth bag tense or shrink, and can automatically remove dust on the cloth bag, thereby improving the filtering effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lithium battery recycling technology for new energy electric vehicles, specifically to a lithium battery recycling and processing device and a lithium battery processing technology for new energy electric vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] With the global energy structure transformation and the continuous improvement of environmental awareness, the new energy vehicle industry has developed rapidly. Among them, electric vehicles and other motor vehicles driven by new energy sources such as plug-in hybrid, pure electric and fuel cell have become the core force to promote the green and low-carbon development of the transportation sector. Lithium batteries used in electric vehicles have been widely used in the field of new energy electric vehicles due to their advantages such as high energy density, long cycle life and low self-discharge rate, becoming an important support for the development of the new energy vehicle industry. However, with the continuous growth of the number of new energy electric vehicles, a large number of lithium batteries will gradually reach the end of their service life and enter the retirement cycle, forming a huge amount of waste lithium batteries. Waste lithium batteries not only contain valuable strategic resources such as lithium, cobalt, and nickel, but also contain harmful substances such as electrolytes and heavy metals. If they are not recycled and disposed of scientifically and reasonably, they will not only waste strategic resources, but also cause serious pollution to the ecological environment such as soil, water, and atmosphere, threatening human health and ecological balance. Therefore, the recycling and disposal of waste new energy electric vehicle lithium batteries has become an important issue that urgently needs to be addressed. Currently, various processing devices and processes have emerged in the industry for the recycling and processing of lithium batteries from new energy electric vehicles. These processes mainly achieve the resource-based recycling and harmless treatment of waste lithium batteries through crushing, sorting, dust removal, and waste gas treatment. However, existing recycling and processing devices still have shortcomings: on the one hand, the integration level of each processing unit is low, and the process connection is not smooth enough, resulting in low processing efficiency and making it difficult to achieve large-scale and continuous processing of waste lithium batteries. On the other hand, a large amount of dust and harmful waste gas are generated during the processing. If the dust cannot be effectively removed, it will not only affect the purity of the recycled products but also pollute the production environment and endanger the health of operators. Existing bag dust collectors mostly use a single reverse-blowing cleaning method, which has poor cleaning effect. Dust easily adheres to the surface of the filter bags and accumulates. After long-term use, this will lead to a decrease in filtration efficiency and even blockage of the filter bags, affecting the normal operation of the entire recycling and processing process. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a lithium battery recycling and processing device and process for new energy electric vehicles, which solves the problems of bag filters having poor dust filtration efficiency due to the inconvenience of self-cleaning of filter bags during lithium battery recycling and processing.

[0004] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the goals of the above bag filter in recycling lithium batteries, facilitating self-cleaning of the filter bags, and providing good dust filtration, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a lithium battery recycling and processing device for new energy electric vehicles, comprising a frame, a skirted conveyor, a manual sorting unit, a coarse crushing unit, a magnetic separation unit, a fine crushing unit, an airflow separation unit, a bag filter unit, and an exhaust gas treatment unit. The skirted conveyor is installed inside the frame, and the manual sorting unit, coarse crushing unit, magnetic separation unit, fine crushing unit, airflow separation unit, bag filter unit, and exhaust gas treatment unit are sequentially installed on the frame. The bag filter unit includes a bag filter tower mounted on a frame. A dust hopper is installed at the bottom of the bag filter tower, and a partition is installed at the top of the bag filter tower. A fixing plate is bolted to the partition, and a drive gear plate rotates on the middle fixing plate via a bearing and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of a servo motor mounted on the bag filter tower. A driven gear plate rotates on the outer fixing plate via a bearing, and a drive gear plate is fixed on one of the driven gear plates. Two drive gear plates are connected by a toothed belt drive, and multiple driven gear plates are connected by a toothed belt drive.

[0005] Preferably, the fixing plate further includes a fixing cylinder installed at its bottom. The bottom end of the fixing cylinder is fixedly connected to the bag filter tower. A drive shaft is provided inside the fixing cylinder, and the top end of the drive shaft is fixedly connected to the drive gear plate. The bottom end is rotatably connected to the fixing cylinder through a bearing. An upper sliding plate slides on the top of the fixing cylinder, and a lower sliding plate slides on the bottom. A dust collector bag is installed between the upper and lower sliding plates. An exhaust bag is installed on the side of the dust collector bag. The end of the exhaust bag is connected to the exhaust gas treatment unit. A dust removal structure is provided inside the exhaust bag.

[0006] Preferably, the surface of the fixed cylinder is provided with a spline groove along its axial direction, and a slider slides inside the spline groove. The upper and lower slide plates are fixedly connected to the sliders on the upper and lower sides, respectively.

[0007] Preferably, the upper and lower sliding plates are axially slidably connected to the fixed cylinder via spline grooves and sliders, respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the dust removal structure includes a telescopic ring installed on the inner wall of the exhaust bag, a horizontal telescopic rod fixed on the telescopic ring, an upper swing arm hinged to the inner wall of the upper side of the telescopic ring, a lower swing arm hinged to the inner wall of the lower side of the telescopic ring, a vertical telescopic rod fixed between the upper and lower telescopic rings, a movable opening on one side of the surface of the fixed cylinder, a sealing folding piece installed inside the movable opening, worm gears fixed at one end of the upper and lower swing arms inside the fixed cylinder, a worm fixed to the surface of the drive shaft, a guide opening on the other side of the surface of the fixed cylinder, an external thread on the surface of the drive shaft, and a threaded sleeve driven by the external thread on the surface of the drive shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the telescopic ring includes an outer ring, a rotating groove, a limiting rod, and an inner ring. The rotating groove is formed on the end face of the outer ring, the limiting rod is rotatably connected inside the rotating groove, and the inner ring is fixedly connected to the limiting rods on both sides. There are three outer rings and three inner rings, and the three outer rings and three inner rings are arranged in a circumferentially staggered manner.

[0010] Preferably, the transverse telescopic rod is vertically slidably connected to the guide port, one inner end of the transverse telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the threaded sleeve, one outer end of the transverse telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the inner ring, and sealing folding pieces are provided above and below the transverse telescopic rod.

[0011] Preferably, the outer ends of the upper and lower swing arms are hinged to the outer ring via hinge blocks, and the inner ends of the upper and lower swing arms are respectively fixedly connected to the worm gears on their respective sides, and the worm gears are rotatably connected to the inside of the fixed cylinder via pivot pins.

[0012] Preferably, the worm is connected to the worm gear drive, the helical directions of the worm surfaces on one side of the upper and lower swing arms are opposite, the external threads on the drive shaft surface are provided in multiple sets along its axial direction, and the thread pitch of the external threads on the drive shaft surface increases from the middle to the outside.

[0013] The method of using a lithium battery recycling and processing device for new energy electric vehicles includes the following steps: Step 1: The waste lithium batteries of new energy electric vehicles are fed to the skirt conveyor through the feeding device. The skirt conveyor transports the lithium batteries to the manual sorting unit. The operators sort the lithium batteries on the operating platform, removing non-lithium battery components such as metal debris, plastic shells, and wires. At the same time, lithium batteries of different models, manufacturers, and packaging forms are initially classified. The sorted lithium batteries continue to be transported to the coarse crushing unit through the skirt conveyor. Step 2: The twin-shaft crusher of the coarse crushing unit is started to crush the sorted lithium batteries into granules, realizing the initial separation of the lithium battery shell and the internal cells. The dust generated during the crushing process enters the bag filter unit through the pipeline, and the waste gas generated enters the waste gas treatment unit through the pipeline. Step 3: The coarsely crushed particles enter the magnetic separation unit through the conveying device. The drum magnetic separator is started and uses a high-intensity magnetic field to adsorb ferromagnetic substances in the particles. The ferromagnetic substances are adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic separation drum and are conveyed to the designated collection area as the drum rotates, realizing the separation of ferromagnetic substances from other materials. The separated non-magnetic particles enter the fine crushing unit. Step 4: The impact crusher of the fine crushing unit is started, which further crushes the non-magnetic particles after magnetic separation into smaller particles, so that the positive electrode material, negative electrode material, electrolyte and other internal components of the lithium battery are fully exposed. The dust and exhaust gas generated during the crushing process enter the bag dust collection unit and the exhaust gas treatment unit respectively. Step 5: The fine particles after fine crushing enter the airflow separation unit through the conveying device. The blower is started to generate a stable airflow. The airflow forms a top-down airflow field inside the separation box. After the fine particles enter the airflow field, due to the density difference, the denser positive and negative electrode materials fall into the lower collection hopper, while the less dense plastic fragments, diaphragms and other lightweight materials are carried away by the airflow and enter the subsequent collection device to achieve the initial purification of the materials. Step 6: The bag filter unit starts up. The dust generated during the crushing and sorting process enters the dust collection and filtration chamber of the bag filter tower through the pipeline. The dust is filtered by the dust collection bags. The filtered gas enters the exhaust gas treatment unit through the exhaust bag. At the same time, the dust cleaning structure works simultaneously to clean the dust collection bags and exhaust bags. The dust generated during dust cleaning falls into the ash hopper and is periodically discharged through the ash discharge valve for subsequent recycling. Step 7: The harmful waste gas entering the waste gas treatment unit first passes through the activated carbon adsorption layer, where the activated carbon adsorbs organic pollutants and some harmful gases in the waste gas. Then it enters the photocatalytic oxidation chamber, where the harmful gases in the waste gas are oxidized and decomposed by the ultraviolet light generated by the ultraviolet lamp tube, and converted into harmless carbon dioxide and water. After meeting the standards, it is discharged through the exhaust port. Step 8: The positive and negative electrode materials obtained after air separation are collected separately and then purified to recover valuable resources such as lithium, cobalt, and nickel. The ferromagnetic materials obtained by magnetic separation are collected separately to achieve resource recovery. The dust collected in the ash hopper is processed to recover useful components and avoid resource waste. All solid products in the process are packaged in ton bags and temporarily stored in the lithium battery finished product storage area of ​​the workshop. The finished products are sold externally on a regular basis.

[0014] (III) Beneficial Effects This invention provides a lithium battery recycling and processing device and a lithium battery processing technology for new energy electric vehicles. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. Through the dust removal structure design of the bag filter unit, the drive shaft synchronously realizes the meshing transmission of the worm gear and the thread transmission, which drives the telescopic ring to complete the extension and twisting action. At the same time, it drives the upper and lower sliding plates to cause the dust collector bags to tighten and contract up and down, forming a multi-dimensional dust removal action. Compared with the existing single reverse-blowing dust removal method, it can thoroughly remove dust from the surface of the bag by itself, avoid dust accumulation and blockage, effectively maintain filtration efficiency, ensure the continuous and stable operation of the entire recycling and processing process, eliminate the need for manual dust removal, reduce labor costs, improve dust removal effect, and ensure filtration stability.

[0015] 2. The unit integrates manual sorting, coarse crushing, magnetic separation, fine crushing, air separation, bag dust collection, and waste gas treatment on the frame. The process of each unit is smoothly connected, and the skirt conveyor can flexibly adapt to the rhythm of each link, realizing the continuous operation of the entire process of waste lithium battery from impurity removal, graded crushing, component separation to resource recycling and harmless treatment. It solves the problems of low integration and low processing efficiency of existing equipment, and can meet the needs of large-scale processing of waste lithium batteries, realizing the integrated and continuous processing of the entire process.

[0016] 3. The magnetic separation unit separates ferromagnetic materials, and the airflow separation unit achieves preliminary purification of materials, effectively recovering valuable strategic resources such as lithium, cobalt, and nickel from lithium batteries. At the same time, the dust collected in the ash hopper can be further processed to recover useful components, avoiding resource waste. The bag filter unit comprehensively intercepts dust, and the exhaust gas treatment unit purifies harmful exhaust gases through activated carbon adsorption and photocatalytic oxidation processes, effectively preventing dust diffusion and exhaust gas pollution, protecting the health of operators and the ecological environment, and achieving the dual benefits of environmental protection and resource recovery. It takes into account both resource recovery and harmless treatment, making it both environmentally friendly and efficient. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the bag filter tower structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bag filter tower structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the dust collector bag structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion ring structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partial sectional view of the fixing cylinder structure of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of a portion of the structure at point A; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle; Figure 9 This is a top sectional view of the telescopic ring structure of the present invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 A magnified view of the structure at point C.

[0018] Among them, 100 is the frame; 200 is the skirted conveyor; 300 is the manual sorting unit; 400 is the coarse crushing unit; 500 is the magnetic separation unit; 600 is the fine crushing unit; 700 is the airflow sorting unit; 800 is the bag filter unit; 801 is the bag filter tower; 802 is the ash hopper; 803 is the partition plate; 804 is the fixed plate; 805 is the drive gear disc; 806 is the driven gear disc; 807 is the fixed cylinder; 808 is the drive shaft; 809 is the upper slide plate; 810 is the lower slide plate; 811 is the dust collector bag; 812 is the dust collector bag. Exhaust filter bag; 813, dust removal structure; 8131, telescopic ring; 8132, horizontal telescopic rod; 8133, upper swing arm; 8134, lower swing arm; 8135, vertical telescopic rod; 8136, movable port; 8137, sealing folding plate; 8138, worm gear; 8139, worm; 81310, guide port; 81311, external thread; 81312, threaded sleeve; 81313, outer ring; 81314, rotating groove; 81315, limiting rod; 81316, inner ring; 900, exhaust gas treatment unit. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0020] Please see Figures 1-10The present invention provides a technical solution: a lithium battery recycling and processing device for new energy electric vehicles, comprising a frame 100, a skirted conveyor 200, a manual sorting unit 300, a coarse crushing unit 400, a magnetic separation unit 500, a fine crushing unit 600, an airflow separation unit 700, a bag filter unit 800, and a waste gas treatment unit 900. The skirted conveyor 200 is installed inside the frame 100, and the manual sorting unit 300, coarse crushing unit 400, magnetic separation unit 500, fine crushing unit 600, airflow separation unit 700, bag filter unit 800, and waste gas treatment unit 900 are sequentially installed on the frame 100. The bag filter unit 800 includes a bag filter tower 801 mounted on a frame 100. A dust hopper 802 is installed at the bottom of the bag filter tower 801, and a partition 803 is installed at the top. A fixing plate 804 is bolted to the partition 803. A drive gear disc 805 rotates on the middle fixing plate 804 via bearings and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of a servo motor mounted on the bag filter tower 801. A driven gear disc 806 rotates on the outer fixing plate 804 via bearings. One of the driven gear discs 806 also has a drive gear disc 805 fixed to it. Two drive gear discs 805 are connected by a toothed belt drive. Multiple driven gear discs 806 are connected by a toothed belt drive, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the core includes a frame 100, a skirted conveyor 200, a manual sorting unit 300, a coarse crushing unit 400, a magnetic separation unit 500, a fine crushing unit 600, an airflow sorting unit 700, a bag filter unit 800, and a waste gas treatment unit 900. All units are integrated and installed on the frame 100, realizing continuous operation of the entire process of waste lithium batteries from sorting to resource recycling and harmless treatment, solving the problems of low integration and poor process connection of existing equipment. The frame 100 is welded from steel profiles and has a frame structure, providing sufficient structural strength and stability to support the weight of each processing unit and ensure the installation accuracy of each unit. The bottom of the frame 100 is equipped with adjustable support feet to facilitate adjustment of the device's level according to the on-site installation environment. The skirted conveyor 200 is installed inside the frame 100 and uses a wear-resistant rubber skirted conveyor belt. The surface of the conveyor belt is equipped with anti-slip bumps to prevent waste lithium batteries from slipping during transportation. Its conveying speed can be adjusted by a variable frequency motor to adapt to the rhythm requirements of different processing stages and is used to transport waste lithium batteries to each processing unit in sequence. The manual sorting unit 300 is installed above the feed end of the skirted conveyor 200 and is equipped with an operating platform and guardrails. Operators can manually sort the conveyed waste lithium batteries on the platform, removing non-lithium battery components such as metal debris, plastic shells, and wires. At the same time, it performs preliminary sorting of lithium batteries of different models and packaging forms to facilitate efficient operation in the subsequent crushing process. The coarse crushing unit 400 adopts a twin-shaft crusher and is installed below the discharge end of the manual sorting unit 300. Its crushing chamber is lined with wear-resistant plates and the crushing blades are made of high-strength alloy material. It can crush waste lithium batteries into particles of 50-80mm, achieving preliminary separation of the lithium battery shell and the internal cell. The magnetic separation unit 500 adopts a drum-type magnetic separator and is set up next to the coarse crushing unit 400. It uses a high-intensity magnetic field to adsorb ferromagnetic materials (such as iron parts in the battery shell, internal metal connectors, etc.) in the crushed particles, achieving separation of ferromagnetic materials from other materials. The separated ferromagnetic materials can be collected and recycled separately. The fine crushing unit 600 uses an impact crusher, installed at the discharge end of the magnetic separation unit 500. It further crushes the non-magnetic particles after magnetic separation into fine particles of 10-20mm, fully exposing the positive electrode material, negative electrode material, and electrolyte inside the lithium battery. The airflow separation unit 700 includes a separation box, an induced draft fan, and a collection hopper. The separation box has an adjustable airflow channel, and the induced draft fan generates a stable airflow. Utilizing the density differences of different materials, the finely crushed particles are separated. The denser positive electrode materials (such as lithium cobalt oxide and lithium iron phosphate) and negative electrode materials (such as graphite) fall into the lower collection hopper. Smaller plastic fragments, membranes, and other lightweight materials are carried away by the airflow, achieving preliminary purification of the materials. The bag filter unit 800 is installed above the airflow sorting unit 700 and the fine crushing unit 600, and is connected to each crushing and sorting unit through pipelines. It is used to collect dust generated during the processing to prevent dust from spreading and polluting the environment. The exhaust gas treatment unit 900 is connected to the exhaust end of the bag filter unit 800 and adopts activated carbon adsorption + photocatalytic oxidation process to purify the harmful exhaust gases generated during the processing (such as organic waste gas generated by electrolyte volatilization, harmful gases generated during crushing, etc.) and discharge them after they meet the standards.

[0021] In this embodiment, the fixing plate 804 also includes a fixing cylinder 807 installed at its bottom. The bottom end of the fixing cylinder 807 is fixedly connected to the bag filter tower 801. A drive shaft 808 is provided inside the fixing cylinder 807. The top end of the drive shaft 808 is fixedly connected to the drive gear plate 805, and the bottom end is rotatably connected to the fixing cylinder 807 through a bearing. An upper sliding plate 809 slides on the top of the fixing cylinder 807, and a lower sliding plate 810 slides on the bottom. A dust collector bag 811 is installed between the upper sliding plate 809 and the lower sliding plate 810. An exhaust bag 812 is installed on the side of the dust collector bag 811. The end of the exhaust bag 812 is connected to the exhaust gas treatment unit 900. A dust removal structure 813 is provided inside the exhaust bag 812. Specifically, the dust generated during the lithium battery processing enters the dust collection and filtration chamber of the bag filter tower 801 through a pipe, passes through the dust collection bag 811 under the action of airflow, and the dust particles adhere to the surface of the dust collection bag 811. The filtered gas enters the interior of the dust collection bag 811 and enters the exhaust gas treatment unit 900 through the exhaust bag 812.

[0022] In this embodiment, a spline groove is formed on the surface of the fixed cylinder 807 along its axial direction, and a slider slides inside the spline groove. The upper slide plate 809 and the lower slide plate 810 are fixedly connected to the sliders on the upper and lower sides, respectively. Specifically, such as Figure 2-4 As shown, the bag filter unit 800 is the core improvement of this invention, used to solve the problems of poor dust removal effect and easy clogging of existing bag filters. Its specific structure includes a bag filter tower 801, a dust hopper 802, a partition plate 803, a fixed plate 804, a drive gear plate 805, a driven gear plate 806, a fixed cylinder 807, a drive shaft 808, an upper slide plate 809, a lower slide plate 810, a dust collector bag 811, an exhaust bag 812, and a dust removal structure 813. The baghouse dust collector 801 adopts a cylindrical steel structure with a closed top and an open bottom. The bottom is sealed to the ash hopper 802, which is inverted conical in shape and equipped with a discharge valve at the bottom for periodic discharge of collected dust. Multiple fixing plates 804 are detachably mounted on the partition plate 803 via bolts. These fixing plates 804 are evenly distributed in a ring on the partition plate 803. A drive gear disc 805 is rotatably connected to the central fixing plate 804 via a deep groove ball bearing. This drive gear disc 805 is mounted on the baghouse dust collector... The output shaft of the servo motor at the top of 801 is fixedly connected by a coupling. The servo motor is a stepper servo motor, which can realize forward and reverse rotation and speed adjustment. A driven gear plate 806 is rotatably connected to the external fixed plate 804 through a deep groove ball bearing. A drive gear plate 805 is also fixed on one of the driven gear plates 806. The two drive gear plates 805 are connected by synchronous toothed belt drive. The multiple driven gear plates 806 are also connected by synchronous toothed belt drive, so that a single servo motor drives multiple gear plates to rotate synchronously. The bottom of the fixed plate 804 is integrally formed with a fixed cylinder 807. The fixed cylinder 807 is cylindrical, and its bottom end is sealed and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bag filter tower 801. The inside of the fixed cylinder 807 is hollow and used to install the drive shaft 808. The top end of the drive shaft 808 is fixedly connected to the drive gear plate 805 by a flat key, and the bottom end is rotatably connected to the bottom inner wall of the fixed cylinder 807 by a deep groove ball bearing to ensure that the drive shaft 808 can rotate stably. The surface of the fixed cylinder 807 has two symmetrical spline grooves along its axial direction. The inside of the spline grooves is a slider. The upper slide plate 809 and the lower slide plate 810 are fixedly connected to the upper and lower slide plates on the upper and lower sides by bolts, so that the upper slide plate 809 and the lower slide plate 810 can slide up and down along the axial direction of the fixed cylinder 807 without rotating.

[0023] In this embodiment, the upper sliding plate 809 and the lower sliding plate 810 are axially slidably connected to the fixed cylinder 807 via spline grooves and sliders, respectively. Specifically, the upper slide plate 809 and lower slide plate 810 can be guided axially along the fixed cylinder 807 via spline grooves and sliders, allowing them to slide vertically on the surface of the fixed cylinder 807. A dust collector bag 811 is fixedly installed between the upper slide plate 809 and lower slide plate 810 by clamps. The dust collector bag 811 is made of high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant needle-punched felt material, which has good filtration performance and can effectively filter dust particles. An exhaust bag 812 is connected to the side of the dust collector bag 811 via a flange. The exhaust bag 812 is internally connected to the dust collector bag 811. The end of the exhaust bag 812 is connected to the exhaust gas treatment unit 900 via a pipe. The filtered gas enters the exhaust gas treatment unit 900 through the exhaust bag 812. The exhaust bag 812 is equipped with a dust removal structure 813 for thoroughly cleaning the exhaust bag 812 and the dust collector bag 811 to prevent dust accumulation.

[0024] In this embodiment, the dust removal structure 813 includes a telescopic ring 8131 installed on the inner wall of the exhaust bag 812. A horizontal telescopic rod 8132 is fixed on the telescopic ring 8131. An upper swing arm 8133 is hinged to the inner wall of the upper telescopic ring 8131, and a lower swing arm 8134 is hinged to the inner wall of the lower telescopic ring 8131. A vertical telescopic rod 8135 is fixed between the upper and lower telescopic rings 8131. A movable opening 8136 is provided on one side of the surface of the fixed cylinder 807. The inside of the movable port 8136 is equipped with a sealing folding piece 8137. The upper swing arm 8133 and the lower swing arm 8134 are both fixed with a worm gear 8138 at one end inside the fixed cylinder 807. The surface of the drive shaft 808 is fixed with a worm 8139. The other side of the surface of the fixed cylinder 807 is provided with a guide port 81310. The surface of the drive shaft 808 is provided with an external thread 81311. The surface of the drive shaft 808 is driven by a threaded sleeve 81312 through the external thread 81311. Specifically, such as Figure 5-10 As shown, the dust removal structure 813 includes a telescopic ring 8131, a horizontal telescopic rod 8132, an upper swing arm 8133, a lower swing arm 8134, a vertical telescopic rod 8135, a movable port 8136, a sealing folding piece 8137, a worm gear 8138, a worm 8139, a guide port 81310, an external thread 81311, and a threaded sleeve 81312; The telescopic ring 8131 is installed on the inner wall of the exhaust bag 812 to drive the exhaust bag 812 to expand and contract to achieve dust removal. Specifically, it includes an outer ring 81313, a rotating groove 81314, a limiting rod 81315, and an inner ring 81316. The outer ring 81313 is made of annular steel plate with an annular rotating groove 81314 on its end face. The limiting rod 81315 is rotatably connected inside the rotating groove 81314. Multiple limiting rods 81315 are provided and are evenly distributed in a ring. The inner ring 81316 is made of annular steel plate and is fixedly connected to the limiting rods 81315 on both sides by welding, so that the inner ring 81316 can rotate relative to the outer ring 81313. There are three outer rings 81313 and three inner rings 81316. The three outer rings 81313 and the three inner rings 81316 are arranged in a circumferential staggered manner to ensure that the telescopic ring 8131 can achieve all-round expansion and contraction. The transverse telescopic rod 8132 is a telescopic stainless steel telescopic rod. One end of it is fixedly connected to the inner ring 81316 by bolts, and the other end passes through the guide port 81310 opened on the surface of the fixed cylinder 807, extends into the interior of the fixed cylinder 807, and is fixedly connected to the threaded sleeve 81312 by bolts. The guide port 81310 is opened along the axial direction of the fixed cylinder 807. The transverse telescopic rod 8132 is slidably connected to the guide port 81310 to ensure that the transverse telescopic rod 8132 can slide up and down along the guide port 81310. Sealing folding pieces 8137 are provided above and below the transverse telescopic rod 8132. The sealing folding pieces 8137 are made of high temperature resistant rubber. One end of them is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 807, and the other end is fixedly connected to the transverse telescopic rod 8132. They are used to seal the guide port 81310 to prevent dust from entering the interior of the fixed cylinder 807.

[0025] In this embodiment, the telescopic ring 8131 includes an outer ring 81313, a rotating groove 81314, a limiting rod 81315, and an inner ring 81316. The rotating groove 81314 is formed on the end face of the outer ring 81313. The limiting rod 81315 is rotatably connected to the inside of the rotating groove 81314. The inner ring 81316 is fixedly connected to the limiting rods 81315 on both sides. There are three outer rings 81313 and three inner rings 81316, and the three outer rings 81313 and the three inner rings 81316 are arranged in a circumferentially staggered manner. Specifically, the telescopic ring 8131 drives the limiting rod 81315 to rotate inside the rotating groove 81314 through the rotation and movement of the inner ring 81316. Since the three outer rings 81313 and the three inner rings 81316 are arranged in a circumferential staggered manner, when the inner ring 81316 rotates, the limiting rod 81315 pushes the outer ring 81313 to expand outward or contract inward, realizing the all-round telescopic deformation of the telescopic ring 8131, thereby driving the exhaust bag 812 to deform synchronously, ensuring that dust in all parts of the exhaust bag 812 can be removed. A vertical telescopic rod 8135 is fixedly connected between the upper and lower telescopic rings 8131. The vertical telescopic rod 8135 is a telescopic stainless steel telescopic rod used to connect the upper and lower telescopic rings 8131, ensuring that the two telescopic rings 8131 can move synchronously, further improving the dust removal effect.

[0026] In this embodiment, the horizontal telescopic rod 8132 is vertically slidably connected to the guide port 81310, one inner end of the horizontal telescopic rod 8132 is fixedly connected to the threaded sleeve 81312, one outer end of the horizontal telescopic rod 8132 is fixedly connected to the inner ring 81316, and sealing folding pieces 8137 are provided above and below the horizontal telescopic rod 8132. Specifically, the sealing folding pieces 8137 at the movable port 8136 and the guide port 81310 can extend and retract synchronously when the horizontal telescopic rod 8132, the upper swing arm 8133 and the lower swing arm 8134 move, ensuring the sealing of the inside of the fixed cylinder 807, preventing dust from entering the inside of the fixed cylinder 807 and damaging transmission components such as the drive shaft 808, worm gear 8138, and worm 8139, and extending the service life of the device.

[0027] In this embodiment, the outer ends of the upper swing arm 8133 and the lower swing arm 8134 are hinged to the outer ring 81313 through a hinge block, and the inner ends of the upper swing arm 8133 and the lower swing arm 8134 are respectively fixedly connected to the worm gear 8138 on their respective sides, and the worm gear 8138 is rotatably connected to the inside of the fixed cylinder 807 through a pivot pin. Specifically, both the upper swing arm 8133 and the lower swing arm 8134 are made of high-strength alloy rods. The inner wall of the inner ring 81316 of the telescopic ring 8131 on the upper side is hinged to one end of the upper swing arm 8133 through a hinge block. The inner wall of the inner ring 81316 of the telescopic ring 8131 on the lower side is hinged to one end of the lower swing arm 8134 through a hinge block. The other ends of the upper swing arm 8133 and the lower swing arm 8134 pass through the movable opening 8136 opened on the surface of the fixed cylinder 807 and extend into the interior of the fixed cylinder 807. They are fixedly connected to the worm gear 8138 on their respective sides by a flat key. A sealing folding piece 8137 is installed inside the movable opening 8136 to seal the movable opening 8136 and prevent dust from entering the interior of the fixed cylinder 807. The worm gear 8138 is rotatably connected to the interior of the fixed cylinder 807 by a pivot pin. The pivot pin is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 807 to ensure that the worm gear 8138 can rotate stably.

[0028] In this embodiment, the worm 8139 is connected to the worm wheel 8138 for transmission. The spiral directions of the worm 8139 on one side of the upper swing arm 8133 and the lower swing arm 8134 are opposite. Multiple sets of external threads 81311 on the surface of the drive shaft 808 are provided along its axial direction, and the thread pitch of the external threads 81311 on the surface of the drive shaft 808 increases from the middle to the outside. Specifically, a worm gear 8139 is fixedly connected to the surface of the drive shaft 808 via a flat key. The worm gear 8139 meshes with a worm wheel 8138 for transmission. The helical directions of the worm gear 8139 on one side of the upper swing arm 8133 and the lower swing arm 8134 are opposite, so that when the drive shaft 808 rotates, the upper swing arm 8133 and the lower swing arm 8134 can swing in opposite directions. An external thread 81311 is formed on the surface of the drive shaft 808. Multiple sets of external threads 81311 are arranged along the axial direction of the drive shaft 808, and the thread pitch of the external threads 81311 increases from the middle to the outside. A threaded sleeve 81312 is connected to the drive shaft 808 via threads. The 08 transmission connection allows the threaded sleeve 81312 to move up and down along the axis of the drive shaft 808 when the drive shaft 808 rotates, thereby driving the transverse telescopic rod 8132 to slide up and down. The drive shaft 808 simultaneously realizes the meshing transmission between the worm gear 8139 and the worm wheel 8138 and the thread transmission between the external thread 81311 and the threaded sleeve 81312. The two transmission methods are carried out synchronously, so that the telescopic ring 8131 can both extend and retract up and down and rotate and twist, while driving the dust collector bag 811 to tighten and contract up and down, forming a multi-dimensional dust removal action. Compared with the existing single reverse-blowing dust removal method, the dust removal effect is more thorough and dust residue is avoided.

[0029] The method of using a lithium battery recycling and processing device for new energy electric vehicles includes the following steps: Step 1: The waste lithium batteries of new energy electric vehicles are conveyed to the skirt conveyor 200 through the feeding device. The skirt conveyor 200 conveys the lithium batteries to the manual sorting unit 300. The operator sorts the lithium batteries on the operating platform, removing non-lithium battery components such as metal debris, plastic shells, and wires. At the same time, lithium batteries of different models, manufacturers and packaging forms are initially classified. The sorted lithium batteries continue to be conveyed to the coarse crushing unit 400 through the skirt conveyor 200. Step 2: The twin-shaft crusher of the coarse crushing unit 400 is started to crush the sorted lithium batteries into granules, realizing the initial separation of the lithium battery shell and the internal cells. The dust generated during the crushing process enters the bag dust collection unit 800 through the pipeline, and the waste gas generated enters the waste gas treatment unit 900 through the pipeline. Step 3: The coarsely crushed particles enter the magnetic separation unit 500 through the conveying device. The drum magnetic separator is started and uses a high-intensity magnetic field to adsorb ferromagnetic substances in the particles. The ferromagnetic substances are adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic separation drum and are conveyed to the designated collection area as the drum rotates, realizing the separation of ferromagnetic substances from other materials. The separated non-magnetic particles enter the fine crushing unit 600. Step 4: The impact crusher of the fine crushing unit 600 is started, which further crushes the non-magnetic particles after magnetic separation into smaller particles, so that the positive electrode material, negative electrode material, electrolyte and other internal components of the lithium battery are fully exposed. The dust and exhaust gas generated during the crushing process enter the bag dust collection unit 800 and the exhaust gas treatment unit 900 respectively. Step 5: The fine particles after fine crushing enter the airflow sorting unit 700 through the conveying device. The blower is started to generate a stable airflow. The airflow forms a top-down airflow field inside the sorting box. After the fine particles enter the airflow field, due to the density difference, the denser positive and negative electrode materials fall into the lower collection hopper, while the less dense plastic fragments, diaphragms and other lightweight materials are carried away by the airflow and enter the subsequent collection device to achieve the initial purification of the materials. Step 6: The bag filter unit 800 is started. The dust generated during the crushing and sorting process enters the dust collection and filtration chamber of the bag filter tower 801 through the pipeline. The dust is filtered by the dust collection bag 811. The filtered gas enters the exhaust gas treatment unit 900 through the exhaust bag 812. At the same time, the dust removal structure 813 works synchronously to clean the dust collection bag 811 and the exhaust bag 812. The dust generated during the dust removal falls into the ash hopper 802 and is periodically discharged through the ash discharge valve for subsequent recycling. Step 7: The harmful waste gas entering the waste gas treatment unit 900 first passes through the activated carbon adsorption layer, where the activated carbon adsorbs organic pollutants and some harmful gases in the waste gas. Then it enters the photocatalytic oxidation chamber, where the harmful gases in the waste gas are oxidized and decomposed by the ultraviolet light generated by the ultraviolet lamp tube, and converted into harmless carbon dioxide and water. After meeting the standards, it is discharged through the exhaust port. Step 8: The positive and negative electrode materials obtained after air separation are collected separately and then purified to recover valuable resources such as lithium, cobalt, and nickel. The ferromagnetic materials obtained by magnetic separation are collected separately to achieve resource recovery. The dust collected in ash hopper 802 is processed to recover useful components and avoid resource waste. All solid products in the process are packaged in ton bags and temporarily stored in the lithium battery finished product storage area of ​​the workshop. The finished products are sold externally on a regular basis.

[0030] The working principle and usage process of this invention: The core working principle of this device is to achieve continuous and large-scale recycling and processing of waste lithium batteries through the coordinated cooperation of various units, taking into account both resource recycling and harmless treatment. The overall workflow is as follows: After the waste lithium batteries are manually sorted to remove impurities, they go through coarse crushing, magnetic separation, fine crushing, and airflow separation in sequence to separate different components. At the same time, the dust and harmful waste gas generated during the processing are treated by the bag dust removal unit 800 and the waste gas treatment unit 900, respectively, to avoid environmental pollution. Ultimately, the valuable resources in the lithium batteries are recycled and the harmful components are harmlessly treated. The skirted conveyor 200 serves as the material conveying carrier, sequentially transporting lithium batteries to each processing unit to ensure smooth process connection. The manual sorting unit 300 provides qualified materials for subsequent crushing stages, improving crushing efficiency and quality. The coarse crushing unit 400 and fine crushing unit 600 gradually disassemble the lithium batteries through graded crushing, fully exposing the useful components inside. The magnetic separation unit 500 uses magnetic differences to separate ferromagnetic materials, and the airflow separation unit 700 uses density differences to separate different materials, achieving material purification. The bag filter unit 800 and the exhaust gas treatment unit 900 work synchronously throughout the process to ensure that the production environment meets standards and avoids dust and exhaust gas pollution. The working principle of the bag filter unit 800 is divided into two stages: filtration and dust removal and automatic cleaning. The core is to achieve self-cleaning of the dust collector bag 811 and the exhaust bag 812 through the movement of the cleaning structure 813, thereby improving the filtration effect and preventing the bags from clogging. Dust removal and filtration stage: Dust generated during crushing and sorting enters the dust removal and filtration chamber of bag filter tower 801 through pipes. Under the action of airflow, the dust passes through the dust collector bag 811. The dust particles are intercepted by the dust collector bag 811 and adhere to the surface of the dust collector bag 811. The filtered clean gas enters the interior of the dust collector bag 811 and then enters the exhaust gas treatment unit 900 through the exhaust bag 812, completing the dust removal and filtration process. Automatic dust removal stage: When the dust on the surface of the dust collector bag 811 accumulates to a certain thickness, causing an increase in filtration resistance, the servo motor is activated. The servo motor drives the central drive gear plate 805 to rotate. The central drive gear plate 805 drives the drive gear plate 805 on the other side to rotate via a synchronous toothed belt, thereby driving all driven gear plates 806 to rotate synchronously. When the drive gear plate 805 rotates, it drives the drive shaft 808 fixedly connected to it to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the drive shaft 808 synchronously realizes two actions, completing the dust removal process. First, the worm 8139 on the surface of the drive shaft 808 meshes with the worm wheel 8138 for transmission. Since the worm 8139 on each side of the upper swing arm 8133 and the lower swing arm 8134 have opposite helical directions, the upper swing arm 8133 and the lower swing arm 8134 swing in opposite directions. When the upper swing arm 8133 swings, it drives the inner ring 81316 of the upper telescopic ring 8131 to rotate. When the lower swing arm 8134 swings, it drives the inner ring 81316 of the lower telescopic ring 8131 to rotate. Because the outer ring 81313 of the telescopic ring 8131 interacts with the inner ring of the exhaust bag 812... The inner ring 81316 is connected to the outer ring 81313 via a limiting rod 81315. When the inner ring 81316 rotates, it drives the limiting rod 81315 to rotate inside the rotating groove 81314, which in turn drives the outer ring 81313 to expand and contract. The outer ring 81313 drives the exhaust bag 812 to expand, contract, and twist synchronously, causing the dust attached to the surface of the exhaust bag 812 to fall off. At the same time, the upper and lower telescopic rings 8131 are connected by a vertical telescopic rod 8135 and move synchronously, further expanding the deformation range of the exhaust bag 812 and improving the dust removal effect. Second, when the drive shaft 808 rotates, its external thread 81311 is connected to the threaded sleeve 81312. As the thread pitch of the external thread 81311 increases from the middle to the outside, the threaded sleeve 81312 moves up and down along the axis of the drive shaft 808. The threaded sleeve 81312 drives the transverse telescopic rod 8132 to slide up and down along the guide port 81310. The transverse telescopic rod 8132 drives the inner ring 81316 of the telescopic ring 8131 to move up and down, thereby driving the exhaust bag 812 to extend and retract up and down. At the same time, it drives the upper slide plate 809 and the lower slide plate 810 to slide up and down along the spline groove of the fixed cylinder 807. The upper slide plate 809 and the lower slide plate 810 drive the dust collector bag 811 to tighten and contract up and down, so that the dust adhering to the surface of the dust collector bag 811 falls off. The fallen dust falls into the ash hopper 802, completing the dust removal. After the dust removal is completed, the servo motor reverses, driving all components to reset, and the bag filter unit 800 resumes the filtration and dust removal state, realizing the cycle of filtration and dust removal. It can automatically remove dust from the filter bags without manual intervention, ensuring stable filtration effect and avoiding filter bag blockage that affects the entire recycling process.

[0031] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A lithium battery recycling and processing device for new energy electric vehicles, comprising a frame (100), a skirted conveyor (200), a manual sorting unit (300), a coarse crushing unit (400), a magnetic separation unit (500), a fine crushing unit (600), an airflow sorting unit (700), a bag filter unit (800), and a waste gas treatment unit (900), characterized in that: The skirted conveyor (200) is installed inside the frame (100), and the manual sorting unit (300), coarse crushing unit (400), magnetic separation unit (500), fine crushing unit (600), airflow sorting unit (700), bag dust collection unit (800) and waste gas treatment unit (900) are sequentially installed on the frame (100); The bag filter unit (800) includes a bag filter tower (801) mounted on a frame (100). A dust hopper (802) is installed at the bottom of the bag filter tower (801). A partition (803) is installed at the top of the bag filter tower (801). A fixing plate (804) is bolted to the partition (803). A drive gear disc (805) rotates on the middle fixing plate (804) via a bearing and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of a servo motor mounted on the bag filter tower (801). A driven gear disc (806) rotates on the outer fixing plate (804) via a bearing. A drive gear disc (805) is also fixed on one of the driven gear discs (806). The two drive gear discs (805) are connected by a toothed belt drive. Multiple driven gear discs (806) are connected by a toothed belt drive.

2. The new energy electric vehicle lithium battery recycling and processing device and lithium battery processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed plate (804) also includes a fixed cylinder (807) installed at its bottom. The bottom end of the fixed cylinder (807) is fixedly connected to the bag filter tower (801). A drive shaft (808) is provided inside the fixed cylinder (807). The top end of the drive shaft (808) is fixedly connected to the drive gear plate (805). The bottom end is rotatably connected to the fixed cylinder (807) through a bearing. An upper sliding plate (809) slides on the top of the fixed cylinder (807), and a lower sliding plate (810) slides on the bottom. A dust collector bag (811) is installed between the upper sliding plate (809) and the lower sliding plate (810). An exhaust bag (812) is installed on the side of the dust collector bag (811). The end of the exhaust bag (812) is connected to the exhaust gas treatment unit (900). A dust removal structure (813) is provided inside the exhaust bag (812).

3. The lithium battery recycling and processing device and lithium battery processing technology for new energy electric vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of the fixed cylinder (807) is provided with a spline groove along its axial direction, and a slider slides inside the spline groove. The upper slide plate (809) and the lower slide plate (810) are respectively fixedly connected to the upper and lower sliders.

4. The new energy electric vehicle lithium battery recycling and processing device and lithium battery processing technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper sliding plate (809) and the lower sliding plate (810) are axially slidably connected to the fixed cylinder (807) through spline grooves and sliders, respectively.

5. The lithium battery recycling and processing device and lithium battery processing technology for new energy electric vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dust removal structure (813) includes a telescopic ring (8131) installed on the inner wall of the exhaust bag (812). A horizontal telescopic rod (8132) is fixed on the telescopic ring (8131). An upper swing arm (8133) is hinged to the inner wall of the upper telescopic ring (8131), and a lower swing arm (8134) is hinged to the inner wall of the lower telescopic ring (8131). A vertical telescopic rod (8135) is fixed between the upper and lower telescopic rings (8131). A movable opening (8136) is provided on one side of the surface of the fixed cylinder (807). The movable opening (8136) is... The interior of 136) is equipped with a sealing folding plate (8137). The upper swing arm (8133) and the lower swing arm (8134) are both fixed with a worm gear (8138) at one end inside the fixed cylinder (807). The surface of the drive shaft (808) is fixed with a worm (8139). The other side of the surface of the fixed cylinder (807) is provided with a guide port (81310). The surface of the drive shaft (808) is provided with an external thread (81311). The surface of the drive shaft (808) is driven by a threaded sleeve (81312) through the external thread (81311).

6. The lithium battery recycling and processing device and lithium battery processing technology for new energy electric vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The telescopic ring (8131) includes an outer ring (81313), a rotating groove (81314), a limiting rod (81315), and an inner ring (81316). The rotating groove (81314) is opened on the end face of the outer ring (81313). The limiting rod (81315) is rotatably connected to the inside of the rotating groove (81314). The inner ring (81316) is fixedly connected to the limiting rods (81315) on both sides. There are three outer rings (81313) and three inner rings (81316), and the three outer rings (81313) and the three inner rings (81316) are arranged in a circumferential staggered manner.

7. The lithium battery recycling and processing device and lithium battery processing technology for new energy electric vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The horizontal telescopic rod (8132) is vertically slidably connected to the guide port (81310). One inner end of the horizontal telescopic rod (8132) is fixedly connected to the threaded sleeve (81312). One outer end of the horizontal telescopic rod (8132) is fixedly connected to the inner ring (81316). Sealing folding pieces (8137) are provided above and below the horizontal telescopic rod (8132).

8. The lithium battery recycling and processing device and lithium battery processing technology for new energy electric vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer ends of the upper swing arm (8133) and the lower swing arm (8134) are hinged to the outer ring (81313) via hinge blocks. The inner ends of the upper swing arm (8133) and the lower swing arm (8134) are respectively fixedly connected to the worm gear (8138) on their respective sides, and the worm gear (8138) is rotatably connected to the inside of the fixed cylinder (807) via a pivot pin.

9. The new energy electric vehicle lithium battery recycling and processing device and lithium battery processing technology according to claim 6, characterized in that: The worm (8139) is connected to the worm wheel (8138) for transmission. The worm (8139) surfaces on one side of the upper swing arm (8133) and the lower swing arm (8134) have opposite helical directions. The external threads (81311) on the surface of the drive shaft (808) are provided in multiple sets along its axial direction, and the thread pitch of the external threads (81311) on the surface of the drive shaft (808) increases from the middle to the outside.

10. The method of using the new energy electric vehicle lithium battery recycling and processing device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: The waste new energy electric vehicle lithium batteries are fed to the skirt conveyor (200) through the feeding device. The skirt conveyor (200) transports the lithium batteries to the manual sorting unit (300). The operator sorts the lithium batteries on the operating platform, removing non-lithium battery components such as metal debris, plastic shells, and wires. At the same time, lithium batteries of different models, manufacturers, and packaging forms are initially classified. The sorted lithium batteries are then transported to the coarse crushing unit (400) through the skirt conveyor 200. Step 2: The twin-shaft crusher of the coarse crushing unit (400) is started to crush the classified lithium batteries into granules, realizing the initial separation of the lithium battery shell and the internal cells. The dust generated during the crushing process enters the bag dust collection unit (800) through the pipeline, and the generated exhaust gas enters the exhaust gas treatment unit (900) through the pipeline. Step 3: The coarsely crushed particles enter the magnetic separation unit (500) through the conveying device. The drum magnetic separator is started and uses a high-intensity magnetic field to adsorb ferromagnetic substances in the particles. The ferromagnetic substances are adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic separation drum and are conveyed to the designated collection area as the drum rotates, realizing the separation of ferromagnetic substances from other materials. The separated non-magnetic particles enter the fine crushing unit (600). Step 4: The impact crusher of the fine crushing unit (600) is started, which further crushes the non-magnetic particles after magnetic separation into smaller particles, so that the positive electrode material, negative electrode material, electrolyte and other materials inside the lithium battery are fully exposed. The dust and exhaust gas generated during the crushing process enter the bag dust collection unit (800) and the exhaust gas treatment unit (900) respectively. Step 5: The fine particles after fine crushing enter the airflow separation unit (700) through the conveying device. The blower is started to generate a stable airflow. The airflow forms a top-down airflow field inside the separation box. After the fine particles enter the airflow field, due to the density difference, the higher density positive and negative electrode materials fall into the lower collection hopper, while the lower density plastic fragments, diaphragms and other light materials are carried away by the airflow and enter the subsequent collection device to achieve the initial purification of the materials. Step 6: The bag filter unit (800) is started. The dust generated during the crushing and sorting process enters the dust collection and filtration chamber of the bag filter tower (801) through the pipeline. The dust is filtered by the dust collection bag (811). The filtered gas enters the waste gas treatment unit (900) through the exhaust bag (812). At the same time, the dust removal structure (813) works synchronously to clean the dust collection bag (811) and the exhaust bag (812). The dust generated during the dust removal falls into the ash hopper (802) and is periodically discharged through the ash discharge valve for subsequent recycling. Step 7: The harmful waste gas entering the waste gas treatment unit (900) first passes through the activated carbon adsorption layer, where the activated carbon adsorbs organic pollutants and some harmful gases in the waste gas. Then it enters the photocatalytic oxidation chamber, where the harmful gases in the waste gas are oxidized and decomposed by the ultraviolet light generated by the ultraviolet lamp tube, and converted into harmless carbon dioxide and water. After meeting the standards, it is discharged through the exhaust port. Step 8: The positive and negative electrode materials obtained after air separation are collected separately and then purified to recover valuable resources such as lithium, cobalt, and nickel. The ferromagnetic materials obtained by magnetic separation are collected separately to achieve resource recovery. The dust collected by the ash hopper (802) is processed to recover useful components and avoid resource waste. All solid products in the process are packaged in ton bags and temporarily stored in the lithium battery finished product storage area of ​​the workshop. The finished products are sold externally on a regular basis.

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