Primary suspension, bogie and railway vehicle

Abstract

This application provides a primary suspension system, a bogie, and a rail vehicle. The primary suspension system includes: a base; a receiving cavity within the base, with an opening at the top; a pin cylinder fixedly disposed within the receiving cavity of the base; a connecting pin, the lower part of which is inserted into the pin cylinder, with a rubber spring filling the space between the outer wall of the connecting pin and the inner wall of the pin cylinder; an upper clamping plate disposed at the top of the connecting pin; the upper clamping plate having a pin hole through which the top of the connecting pin passes and is assembled and fixed to the upper clamping plate; and a steel spring sleeved around the periphery of the base, abutting against the space between the upper clamping plate and the base. The primary suspension system, bogie, and rail vehicle provided by this application provide both horizontal and vertical stiffness, meeting the load requirements of the built-in axle box bogie, thereby improving the dynamic performance of the vehicle and enhancing its driving stability and safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to railway vehicle suspension technology, and more particularly to a primary suspension system, bogie, and railway vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The primary suspension system is a crucial component of rail vehicles, typically located between the wheelset and the frame. It supports the frame and buffers the forces acting between the frame and wheelset. For bogies with integrated axle boxes, the primary suspension system is also located inside the wheels. However, due to the limited space inside the wheels, the installation structure is constrained, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the requirements for vertical and horizontal stiffness. This significantly impacts vehicle dynamics, posing a substantial safety hazard, especially at high speeds. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address one of the aforementioned technical deficiencies, this application provides a primary suspension system, a bogie, and a rail vehicle.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, a primary suspension device is provided, comprising: A base; the base has a receiving cavity and an opening at the top; The pin is fixedly installed inside the receiving cavity of the base; A connecting pin, the lower part of which is inserted into a pin cylinder, and a rubber spring is filled between the outer wall of the connecting pin and the inner wall of the pin cylinder; The upper clamping plate is located at the top of the connecting pin; the upper clamping plate has a pin hole through which the top of the connecting pin passes and is assembled and fixed with the upper clamping plate. A steel spring is fitted around the base and rests against the upper clamping plate between the base and the base.

[0005] According to a second aspect of the present application, a bogie is provided, including: a side beam, a wheelset, and a primary suspension device as described above; the primary suspension device is disposed between the end of the side beam and the axle box of the wheelset.

[0006] According to a third aspect of the embodiments of this application, a rail vehicle is provided, including: a bogie as described above.

[0007] The technical solution provided in this application embodiment includes a receiving cavity in the base, with an opening at the top; a pin cylinder fixedly disposed in the receiving cavity of the base; a connecting pin, the lower part of which is inserted into the pin cylinder, and a rubber spring filling the space between the outer wall of the connecting pin and the inner wall of the pin cylinder, the rubber spring providing horizontal stiffness and buffering horizontal force; an upper clamping plate disposed at the top of the connecting pin; the upper clamping plate having a pin hole, the top of the connecting pin passing through the pin hole and being assembled and fixed to the upper clamping plate; and a steel spring sleeved around the base, abutting against the space between the upper clamping plate and the base, used to provide vertical stiffness and buffer vertical force. The above solution can provide both horizontal and vertical stiffness, meeting the load requirements of the built-in axle box bogie, thereby improving the dynamic performance of the vehicle and enhancing driving stability and safety. Attached Figure Description

[0008] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a portion of the primary suspension system and bogie mounting area provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A front view of a portion of the mounting area of ​​the primary suspension system and bogie provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a portion of a primary suspension device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of a primary suspension device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure in which the top end of the connecting pin in the primary suspension device provided in this application protrudes from the side beam; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the upper clamping plate in a primary suspension device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0009] Figure label: 1-Base; 11-Upper base plate; 12-Lower base plate; 13-Seat cylinder; 14-Vibration damping rubber; 15-Positioning protrusion; 16-Vertical stop; 2-Pin; 3-Connecting pin; 31-Threaded hole; 32-Limiting plane; 33-Limiting part; 4- Steel spring; 5-Upper clamping plate; 51-Pin hole; 52-Limiting protrusion ring; 61- Bolt; 62- Gland; 7-Rubber spring; 8-Axle box; 9-Side beam. Detailed Implementation

[0010] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the exemplary embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not an exhaustive list of all embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0011] This embodiment provides a primary suspension device suitable for bogies of rail vehicles. The rail vehicles can be subways, light rail trains, EMUs, etc. This primary suspension device is particularly suitable for bogies with integrated axle boxes, i.e., the axle boxes are located inside the wheels, and the primary suspension device is located between the axle boxes and the side beams of the frame.

[0012] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the suspension device provided in this embodiment includes: a base 1, a pin cylinder 2, a connecting pin 3, a steel spring 4, and an upper clamping plate 5.

[0013] The base 1 is used to mount to the top of the axle box 8. The upper part of the base 1 is cylindrical, and it has a receiving cavity inside. The top opening of the base 1 communicates with the receiving cavity. In this embodiment, the upper part of the base 1 is specifically a cylindrical structure with a circular cross-section, and the cross-section of its receiving cavity is also circular.

[0014] The pin cylinder 2 is fixedly disposed within the receiving cavity of the base 1. The pin cylinder 2 is a cylindrical structure with a through channel inside. In this embodiment, the pin cylinder 2 is a cylindrical structure with a circular cross-section. The pin cylinder 2 is fixedly disposed within the receiving cavity, for example, by means of an interference fit.

[0015] The lower part of the connecting pin 3 is inserted into the pin cylinder 2, and a rubber spring 7 is filled between the outer wall of the connecting pin 3 and the inner wall of the pin cylinder 2. The rubber spring 7 provides horizontal stiffness between the connecting pin 3 and the pin cylinder 2, and also buffers the radial force between the connecting pin 3 and the pin cylinder 2. In this embodiment, the connecting pin 3 is a cylindrical structure with a circular cross-section, and the rubber spring 7 is an arc-shaped structure filled between the connecting pin 3 and the pin cylinder 2.

[0016] The upper clamping plate 5 is located at the top of the connecting pin 3. The upper clamping plate 5 has a pin hole 51, through which the top of the connecting pin 3 passes and is assembled and fixed with the upper clamping plate 5. In this embodiment, the upper clamping plate 5 is located below the side beam 9 of the bogie, with a corresponding hole at the end of the side beam 9. The top of the connecting pin 3 passes through the pin hole 51 of the upper clamping plate 5 and the hole of the side beam 9 in sequence and is connected to the bolt 61, thus realizing the connection and assembly between the top of the primary suspension device and the side beam 9.

[0017] The steel spring 4 is sleeved around the base 1 and abuts against the upper clamping plate 5 between the base 1. The steel spring 4 provides vertical stiffness between the side beam 9 and the wheelset axle box 8, and also buffers the vertical force between the side beam 9 and the axle box 8.

[0018] The technical solution provided in this embodiment includes a receiving cavity inside the base, with an opening at the top; a pin cylinder fixedly disposed within the receiving cavity of the base; a connecting pin, the lower part of which is inserted into the pin cylinder, with a rubber spring filling the space between the outer wall of the connecting pin and the inner wall of the pin cylinder, the rubber spring providing horizontal stiffness and buffering horizontal forces; an upper clamping plate disposed at the top of the connecting pin; the upper clamping plate having a pin hole through which the top of the connecting pin passes and is assembled and fixed to the upper clamping plate; and a steel spring sleeved around the base, abutting against the space between the upper clamping plate and the base, providing vertical stiffness and buffering vertical forces. This solution provides both horizontal and vertical stiffness, meeting the load requirements of the built-in axle box bogie, thereby improving the vehicle's dynamic performance and enhancing driving stability and safety.

[0019] Based on the above technical solution, the rubber spring 7 is fixedly installed between the connecting pin 3 and the pin cylinder 2, and can be formed into an integral structure with the connecting pin 3 and the pin cylinder 2 through a vulcanization process.

[0020] The rubber spring 7 has an arc-shaped structure. From its cross-section, the rubber spring 7 can be a full circle of 360° or an arc greater than 180°. In this embodiment, the central angle of the rubber spring 7 is less than 180°, and there are two springs arranged symmetrically. This arrangement allows for different stiffnesses in the longitudinal and lateral horizontal directions, based on vehicle dynamics requirements, to meet vehicle performance needs. The longitudinal direction refers to the vehicle's travel direction, and the lateral direction refers to the vehicle's width direction.

[0021] The rubber spring 7 can be a multi-layer structure arranged in the radial direction, a multi-layer rubber structure, or a multi-layer structure with alternating metal and rubber.

[0022] The top of the connecting pin 3 is provided with a threaded hole 31 for connection with a bolt. The bolt 61 is screwed into the threaded hole 31 and tightened to fix the connecting pin 3. In one embodiment, the outer side of the top of the connecting pin 3 is provided with a rotation limiting plane 32. The shape of the pin hole 51 in the upper clamping plate 5 is consistent with the shape of the top of the connecting pin 3, so that the rotation limiting plane 32 of the connecting pin 3 cooperates with the pin hole 51, and the pin hole 51 can limit the rotation of the connecting pin 3.

[0023] Correspondingly, the shape of the opening in the side beam 9 is also matched with the top shape of the connecting pin 3 so that the top of the connecting pin 3 can pass through the opening in the side beam 9.

[0024] Furthermore, a pressure cap 62 is installed above the side beam 9. The pressure cap 62 has an opening and is fitted onto the top of the connecting pin 3. A gasket is placed above the pressure cap 62. The bolt 61 passes through the gasket and the pressure cap 62 from above the side beam 9 and is tightened into the threaded hole 31 at the top of the connecting pin 3. The gasket is relatively large, which enables the upper clamping plate and the connecting pin 3 to be connected to the side beam 9, preventing the primary suspension from coming off during the hoisting of the whole vehicle or bogie, thus preventing a safety accident caused by the components falling off.

[0025] Based on the above technical solution, a limiting part 33 is provided on the upper part of the connecting pin 3. Along the upward direction, the cross-sectional area of ​​the limiting part 33 gradually increases, and the top surface of the limiting part 33 is lower than the top surface of the connecting pin 3; the cross-sectional area of ​​the top of the connecting pin 3 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the limiting part 33. The limiting part 33 can abut against the surface of the upper clamping plate 5, thus preventing the connecting pin 3 from shifting upwards to a certain extent.

[0026] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, a circular limiting protrusion 52 is provided on the lower surface of the upper clamping plate 5, and the pin hole 51 is located in the area enclosed by the limiting protrusion 52. The limiting part 33 of the connecting pin 3 is embedded in the limiting protrusion 52, and the steel spring 4 is sleeved on the outside of the limiting protrusion 52. The limiting protrusion 52 can limit the limiting part 33 and the steel spring 4 in the horizontal direction.

[0027] One embodiment: The primary suspension device comprises two sets of bases 1, pin cylinders 2, connecting pins 3, and steel springs 4, arranged side-by-side between the axle box 8 and the side beam 9. The upper clamping plate 5 is provided with two limiting protrusions 52, corresponding to the two sets of connecting pins 3 and steel springs 4 respectively. The upper clamping plate 5 serves to fix the two sets of steel springs 4.

[0028] Based on the above technical solution, the base 1 includes: an upper base plate 11, a lower base plate 12, and a seat cylinder 13. Vibration-damping rubber 14 is formed between the upper base plate 11 and the lower base plate 12 through a vulcanization process. The seat cylinder 13 is disposed on the top surface of the upper base plate 11, and the bottom end of the steel spring 4 abuts against the top surface of the upper base plate 11. The vibration-damping rubber 14 serves to isolate and reduce vibrations for the primary suspension device.

[0029] Specifically, both the upper base plate 11 and the lower base plate 12 are disc-shaped and arranged opposite each other. The bottom end of the seat cylinder 13 is fixedly connected to the upper base plate 11. A positioning protrusion 15 is provided on the lower surface of the lower base plate 12. The positioning protrusion 15 is used to insert into the positioning hole at the top of the axle box 8 to achieve radial positioning between the primary suspension device and the axle box 8. The positioning protrusion 15 is fixed to the lower base plate 12 by press fitting and installed on the axle box with a small gap.

[0030] The upper base plate 11 and the seat cylinder 13 can be an integrally formed structure or a separate structure connected together by welding or other methods.

[0031] Furthermore, a vertical stop 16 is located inside the seat box 13 and is disposed on the upper surface of the upper base plate 11. The vertical stop 16 can be made of rubber. When the connecting pin 3 is in a free state, there is a gap between the vertical stop 16 and the connecting pin 3. When the vehicle is heavily loaded, the connecting pin 3 moves downward under pressure and contacts the vertical stop 16, which then serves as a vertical load-bearing and buffering mechanism. The vertical stop 16 also prevents excessive drop in vertical height due to primary suspension failure, which could affect vehicle installation.

[0032] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment also provides a bogie, including: a side beam, a wheelset, and a primary suspension system as described above; the primary suspension system is disposed between the end of the side beam and the axle box of the wheelset. The bogie provided in this embodiment has the same technical effects as the aforementioned primary suspension system.

[0033] This embodiment also provides a rail vehicle, including: the bogie as described above, and having the same technical effects as the bogie and primary suspension device described above.

[0034] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0035] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0036] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0038] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A primary suspension device, characterized in that, include: A base; the base has a receiving cavity and an opening at the top; The pin is fixedly installed inside the receiving cavity of the base; A connecting pin, the lower part of which is inserted into a pin cylinder, and a rubber spring is filled between the outer wall of the connecting pin and the inner wall of the pin cylinder; The upper clamping plate is located at the top of the connecting pin; the upper clamping plate has a pin hole through which the top of the connecting pin passes and is assembled and fixed with the upper clamping plate. A steel spring is fitted around the base and rests against the upper clamping plate between the base and the base.

2. The primary suspension device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rubber spring, connecting pin, and pin cylinder are formed into an integral structure through a vulcanization process; the rubber spring has a multi-layer structure arranged in the radial direction.

3. The primary suspension device according to claim 2, characterized in that, There are two rubber springs, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting pin; the rubber springs are arc-shaped with a central angle of less than 180°.

4. The primary suspension device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the connecting pin is provided with a threaded hole for connection with a bolt; the outer side of the top of the connecting pin is provided with a rotation-limiting plane; the shape of the pin hole of the upper clamp plate is consistent with the shape of the top of the connecting pin.

5. The primary suspension device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part of the connecting pin is provided with a limiting part; along the upward direction, the cross-sectional area of ​​the limiting part gradually increases, and the top surface of the limiting part is lower than the top surface of the connecting pin; the cross-sectional area of ​​the top of the connecting pin is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the limiting part.

6. The primary suspension device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A limiting protrusion is provided on the lower surface of the upper clamping plate, and the limiting part of the connecting pin is embedded in the limiting protrusion; a steel spring is sleeved on the outside of the limiting protrusion.

7. The primary suspension device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base includes: Upper base plate, lower base plate, and seat sleeve; Vibration-damping rubber is formed between the upper and lower base plates through a vulcanization process; the seat cylinder is set on the top surface of the upper base plate; The bottom end of the steel spring abuts against the top surface of the upper base plate.

8. The primary suspension device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: A vertical stop is located inside the seat and is mounted on the upper base plate; when the connecting pin is in a free state, there is a gap between the vertical stop and the connecting pin.

9. A bogie, characterized in that, include: Side beam, wheelset, and primary suspension as described in any one of claims 1-8; the primary suspension is disposed between the end of the side beam and the axle box of the wheelset.

10. A rail vehicle, characterized in that, include: The bogie as described in claim 9.

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