Ecological additive for rock slope repair and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an ecological additive for rock slope repair and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration; the application aims to solve the problems of plant growth inhibition and community degradation caused by cement strong alkalinity and structure hardening in the existing vegetation concrete technology; the ecological additive is prepared by compounding microbial inoculants, mineral components, soil conditioners, structure improvers and organic carriers in a specific ratio, and the preparation method comprises microbial propagation composting and mixing; the additive is mixed with planting soil, cement, rice husks and the like in a certain ratio to prepare vegetation concrete base materials for spray seeding; the additive can neutralize the alkalinity of cement, improve the group structure of the base materials, construct an active soil microbial ecological system, and provide nutrients, so that the seed germination rate, vegetation coverage, soil organic matter content and plant biomass are improved, and the raw material cost is low, the process is simple, and the additive is suitable for large-scale ecological restoration engineering of high and steep rock slopes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological restoration technology, specifically to an ecological additive for rock slope restoration and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Steep rock slopes in the karst regions of Guangxi are generally characterized by steep terrain, fractured rock masses, and poor stability, making them highly susceptible to geological disasters such as landslides and soil erosion. Vegetated concrete technology is one of the main methods for ecological restoration of such slopes. It involves adding cement to the topsoil and using a mesh reinforcement technique to solidify the substrate on the slope surface, providing a preliminary foundation for plant growth. However, the inherent defects of this technology severely limit its long-term ecological benefits: the addition of cement leads to substrate hardening and poor structure; the highly alkaline environment generated during the initial solidification stage severely inhibits seed germination and plant growth, and is also detrimental to organic matter degradation and microbial community formation. This results in restored vegetation communities that are mostly monocultures of easily degraded turf, making it difficult to form stable and diverse mixed grass-shrub communities, and often leading to large-scale vegetation decline the following year.

[0003] To overcome these shortcomings, the industry has proposed various improvement additives, but none have fundamentally solved the problem. For example, early patents (such as ZL01138343.7) adjusted pH by adding red clay and superphosphate, but the adjustment effect was unstable and soil compaction was aggravated in the later stage, failing to achieve the "organic" and "biological" transformation of the substrate. Subsequent improvement schemes (such as CN102491836A) introduced more inorganic mineral components and air-entraining agents. Although they intended to improve the structure, the use of a large number of chemical substances further damaged the soil microbial environment, resulting in loss of substrate activity and yellowing of vegetation in the later stage. Some recent attempts (such as CN201310627756.4) have begun to focus on the role of microorganisms, but the carriers they rely on (such as honeycomb briquettes) have poor compatibility with the concrete environment, and the added organic bacteria and plant hormones are difficult to maintain their activity in a strongly alkaline environment. At the same time, the complex process and high cost of materials also limit their large-scale application.

[0004] In summary, existing vegetation concrete additive technologies generally suffer from the following bottlenecks: 1) They cannot effectively and stably regulate the pH of the substrate and improve its compacted structure; 2) They fail to construct an active and sustainable soil microbial ecosystem; 3) The raw material costs are high or the processes are complex, making it difficult to promote them in engineering projects at low cost. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of ecological additive that can synergistically improve the physical and chemical properties and biological activity of the substrate, is inexpensive, and is easy to apply. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above analysis, this invention proposes an ecological additive for rock slope restoration and its preparation method to address the shortcomings of existing vegetation concrete technology. By adding this material, the vegetation concrete substrate is improved and matured, the physicochemical and biological properties of the sprayed soil substrate are optimized, the substrate's regulatory function and productivity are enhanced, a suitable environment is provided for soil substrate microorganisms and soil animals, and the necessary fast-acting and slow-acting nutrients are provided for the healthy growth of plant roots.

[0006] This invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions: This invention provides an ecological additive for rock slope restoration, comprising the following steps: S1. Preparation of microbial agent: Collect compound microbial strains (alkali-tolerant, phosphorus-solubilizing, potassium-solubilizing, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria) containing alkali-tolerant, phosphorus-solubilizing, potassium-solubilizing, and nitrogen-fixing functions from cultivated plant substrates, propagate and cultivate them, mix the propagated strains with organic waste, compost and dry them to obtain microbial agent; S2. Preparation of additive mixture: Weigh the following components by weight percentage: 5%–10% of the bacterial agent obtained in step S1, 1.5%–2% of iron ore powder, 5.9%–6.5% of calcium powder, 5.9%–6.5% of phosphate rock powder, 1.5%–2% of silicon ore powder, 2%–3% of ferrous sulfate, 4.5%–5.9% of calcium sulfate, 10%–11.9% of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1%–2.9% of water-retaining agent, 19.2%–20% of biochar, 38.5%–40% of zeolite, and 3.8%–5% of palm fiber; S3. Mixing: Mix all the components weighed in S2 evenly to obtain the ecological additive.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S1, the composite microbial strains include Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium, and Azotobacter chrysophyllus; the composting process is carried out under natural open conditions, with the moisture content controlled at 60-65%, and the composting time is 10-30 days, during which the compost is turned over once every day; by adding bio-organic bacteria that promote composting, the biological activity of the vegetation concrete is improved. The conditions for propagation and culture were: temperature 25℃, pH 6-8, and culture time 24 hours.

[0008] Furthermore, in S1 above, the organic waste includes at least one of livestock and poultry manure, crushed straw, weeds, and fallen leaves.

[0009] Furthermore, in S2 above: The iron ore powder contains iron oxides, mainly iron oxides (such as...). It may contain elements such as silicon, aluminum, calcium, and magnesium, and its chemical composition is the basis for affecting subsequent chemical reactions and stability. The calcium powder is heavy calcium carbonate (heavy calcium). The phosphate rock powder contains fluorapatite ( It may contain hydroxyapatite, etc., and the total phosphorus content, calculated as phosphorus pentoxide, is 10%-35%; The silicon mineral powder contains silicon dioxide and is a white or off-white powder with a uniform texture. Ferrous sulfate, calcium sulfate, and calcium dihydrogen phosphate provide soil fertility while reducing the alkalinity of cement. The biochar is at least one of wheat straw char, corn straw char, or rice straw char. The density of the zeolite is 6.35 g / cm³, and its melting point is relatively low. The characteristic of zeolite powder lies in its network structure, which makes it insoluble in water but soluble in strong alkalis and strong acids. Adding zeolite can improve the structure of vegetation concrete and promote the formation of soil aggregates. The water-retaining agent is acrylamide; The palm fiber is palm sawdust with a particle size of 2mm. After being added to the substrate, it can create a stable structure on the rocky slope without any chemical reaction, allowing plants to grow and develop while preventing the planting substrate from being washed away. This achieves water and fertilizer retention and increases the stress resistance of the hydroseeding substrate.

[0010] The present invention also provides an ecological additive for rock slope restoration prepared by the above preparation method.

[0011] The present invention also provides a vegetation concrete substrate for rock slope restoration, which is composed of the following raw materials in the following weight ratio: 100 parts planting soil, 8 parts cement, 6 parts rice husk, 4-8 parts of the above-mentioned ecological additives, 2 parts organic fertilizer, and 0.34 parts compound fertilizer.

[0012] Furthermore, the planting soil is forest understory planting soil, which is passed through a 100-mesh sieve after removing stones and plant roots; The cement is ordinary Portland cement; The moisture content of the rice husk is less than 20%; The organic fertilizer is a bio-organic microbial fertilizer; The mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the compound fertilizer is 15:15:15.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention, by combining acidic or neutral inorganic salts such as ferrous sulfate, calcium sulfate, and calcium dihydrogen phosphate, along with zeolite with high ion exchange capacity and porous biochar, can rapidly neutralize hydroxide ions released during the initial stage of cement hydration and stabilize the pH value within a range suitable for plant and microbial growth. At the same time, the porous structure of zeolite, the physical bonding effect of palm fibers, and biochar together construct a stable, loose, breathable, and water-retaining granular structure of the substrate, effectively breaking the compaction problem of traditional vegetation concrete and creating favorable conditions for root growth and water transport.

[0014] 2. The core of this invention lies in the introduction of a composite microbial agent composed of alkali-tolerant, phosphorus-solubilizing, potassium-solubilizing, and nitrogen-fixing functional strains, and the innovative use of composting technology to load it onto an organic carrier. This activated microbial agent is not only highly active and adaptable, but also works synergistically with components such as zeolite and biochar to provide a long-term habitat and carbon and nitrogen source for microorganisms in the substrate. This allows microorganisms to colonize and continuously function in the cement environment, promoting the degradation of organic matter, the transformation of insoluble nutrients, and the formation of soil aggregates, thereby realizing the transformation of the substrate into an organic material.

[0015] 3. The additive of this invention greatly promotes plant seed germination and seedling growth by providing comprehensive nutrients that combine fast and slow effects, improving physical structure, and creating an active rhizosphere microenvironment, approaching the ideal soil state without cement inhibition. More importantly, the healthy soil environment it creates supports mixed sowing of grass and shrubs, which is conducive to the formation of a stable vegetation community with complex structure and interwoven roots. It effectively overcomes the drawbacks of traditional technology, such as single vegetation and easy degradation, and ensures the long-term benefits of slope ecological restoration.

[0016] 4. The main raw materials used in this invention, such as zeolite, mineral powder, biochar, and palm fiber, are all natural materials or industrial and agricultural by-products. The microbial agent can also be propagated and cultivated on its own. The cost is significantly lower than that of existing technologies that rely on chemical agents or special carriers. The preparation process is only conventional mixing and composting, without the need for complex equipment or harsh conditions. This additive can be directly integrated with existing vegetation concrete construction processes and can be added to the base material in proportion without additional construction steps. It is very suitable for engineering scenarios such as karst areas in Guangxi that require large-scale, low-cost slope ecological restoration, and has broad market prospects.

[0017] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained through the specific details pointed out in the embodiments described. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1This is a comparison chart of sample germination rates; Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of plant cover in the samples; Figure 3 This is a comparison chart of the organic matter content of the samples; Figure 4 A comparison chart of the fresh weight and dry weight of the sample plants; Figure 5 Figure showing the growth of plots CK1-CK3 after 120 days; Figure 6 Figure showing the growth of plots S1-S3 after 120 days; Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the growth of plots R1-R3 after 120 days. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0020] Example 1 (S1) A method for preparing an ecological additive for rock slope restoration, the specific preparation steps are as follows: 1) Preparation of matured bio-organic fertilizer: The compound microbial strain (alkali-tolerant, phosphorus-solubilizing, potassium-solubilizing, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria; in this example, a combination of Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium, and Azotobacter chrysotile) collected from the cultivated plant substrate is propagated and cultured. The propagated microbial strain is mixed with organic waste (such as livestock and poultry manure, crushed straw, weeds, fallen leaves, etc.) and piled up to a width of 1.5-2 meters and a height of 0.5-0.6 meters. Aeration holes are made in the pile using PVC water pipes, and the moisture content is controlled at 50-65%. The pile is left to stand and turn for 10-30 days under natural open conditions. When the pile temperature rises to 50°C, it is turned over once a day or every other day. If the pile temperature exceeds 65°C, it is turned over again. When the pile temperature decreases, the material becomes loose, there is no original odor of the material, and there is a slight ammonia smell, the decomposition is complete. The bio-organic microbial fertilizer is obtained by natural drying. 2) Preparation of additive mixture: By weight percentage, 10% of bio-organic microbial fertilizer is added, along with 1.5% iron ore powder, 5.9% calcium, 5.9% phosphate rock powder, 1.5% silicon ore powder, 3.0% ferrous sulfate, 5.9% calcium sulfate, 11.9% calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 2.9% acrylamide water-retaining agent, 19.2% biochar (wheat straw charcoal), 38.5% zeolite, and 3.8% palm fiber. The mixture is then thoroughly mixed to obtain a high-efficiency ecological additive for rock slope restoration, which is then added to the vegetated concrete substrate.

[0021] The substrate mix was set at a weight ratio of planting soil: cement: rice husk: ecological agent: organic fertilizer: compound fertilizer = 100:8:6:4~8:2:0.34. For ease of experimental operation and demonstration, 1 part = 20 grams. The planting soil was forest planting soil, with stones and plant roots removed, and sieved through a 100-mesh sieve. The cement was ordinary silicate cement. The rice husk was dried rice husk with a moisture content of <20%. The ecological agent was a self-developed ecological additive that could adjust the excessive acidity or alkalinity, nutrient imbalance, and poor structure of the substrate soil, promote the rapid growth of plants in the vegetation concrete substrate, and form a long-lasting and stable grass and shrub vegetation community. The organic fertilizer was a biological organic fertilizer. The mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the compound fertilizer was 15:15:15.

[0022] Weigh 2000g of planting soil, 160g of ordinary silicate cement, 120g of dried rice husks, 80g (4 parts) of the ecological additive of this invention, 40g of biological organic fertilizer, and 6.8g of compound fertilizer. Dry mix all raw materials for 3 minutes, then add water to a moisture content of about 30%, and stir for 5 minutes until uniform to obtain a vegetation concrete substrate. Spray the substrate onto a simulated rock slope, with 3 replicates per group.

[0023] The germination rate was measured to be 42.98%. After 120 days of application of the ecological additive, the vegetation coverage was 75%, the soil organic matter content was 12.10 g / kg, the fresh weight of the plants was 0.38 kg, and the dry weight was 0.18 kg.

[0024] Example 2 (S2) Except for adjusting the amount of ecological agent added to the substrate ratio to 6 parts (i.e. 120g), the preparation method, internal composition, other components of the substrate and preparation process of the ecological additive are exactly the same as in Example 1. After spraying and maintenance under the same conditions, the germination rate was measured to be 67.80%, the vegetation coverage was 90%, and after 120 days of spraying the ecological additive, the soil organic matter content was 26.50 g / kg, the fresh weight of the plants was 0.82 kg, and the dry weight was 0.36 kg.

[0025] Example 3 (S3) Except for adjusting the amount of ecological agent added to the substrate ratio to 8 parts (i.e. 160g), the preparation method, internal composition, other components of the substrate and preparation process of the ecological additive are exactly the same as in Example 1. After spraying and maintenance under the same conditions, the germination rate was measured to be 79.32%. After 120 days of spraying with the ecological additive, the vegetation coverage was 90%, the soil organic matter content was 22.30 g / kg, the fresh weight of the plants was 0.32 kg and the dry weight was 0.12 kg.

[0026] Comparative Example 1 (CK1) This comparative example is used to verify the strong alkali inhibition effect of cement-based materials. No ecological agents are added. The ratio of the vegetation concrete substrate is: planting soil: cement: rice husk: organic fertilizer: compound fertilizer = 100:8:6:2:0.34. Based on 1 part = 20g, 2000g of planting soil, 160g of cement, 120g of rice husk, 40g of organic fertilizer, 6.8g of compound fertilizer, and 0g of ecological agent are weighed. The substrate preparation, spraying and maintenance methods are the same as in Example 1.

[0027] The germination rate was measured to be 63%. After 120 days of application of the ecological additive, the vegetation coverage was 85%, the soil organic matter content was 10.00 g / kg, the fresh weight of the plants was 0.67 kg, and the dry weight was 0.50 kg.

[0028] Comparative Example 2 (CK2) This comparative example is used to evaluate the effect of the ecological agent of the present invention under ideal conditions without cement inhibition; no cement is added to the substrate, and the ecological agent used is the ecological agent of the present invention, with an addition amount of 4 parts; the substrate ratio is: planting soil: cement: rice husk: ecological agent: organic fertilizer: compound fertilizer = 100:0:6:4:2:0.34; based on 1 part = 20g, weigh 2000g of planting soil, 0g of cement, 120g of rice husk, 80g of the ecological additive of the present invention, 40g of organic fertilizer, and 6.8g of compound fertilizer; the substrate preparation, spraying and maintenance methods are the same as in Example 1.

[0029] The germination rate was measured to be 94%. After 120 days of application of the ecological additive, the vegetation coverage was 95%, the soil organic matter content was 5.00 g / kg, the fresh weight of the plants was 0.97 kg, and the dry weight was 0.37 kg.

[0030] Comparative Example 3 (CK3) This comparative example is used to evaluate the effect of increasing the amount of the ecological agent added under ideal conditions without cement inhibition. No cement is added to the substrate, and the ecological agent used is the ecological agent of this invention, with an addition amount of 6 parts. The substrate ratio is: planting soil: cement: rice husk: ecological agent: organic fertilizer: compound fertilizer = 100:0:6:6:2:0.34. Based on 1 part = 20g, 2000g of planting soil, 0g of cement, 120g of rice husk, 120g of the ecological additive of this invention, 40g of organic fertilizer, and 6.8g of compound fertilizer are weighed. The substrate preparation, spraying, and maintenance methods are the same as in Example 1.

[0031] The germination rate was measured to be 82%. After 120 days of application of the ecological additive, the vegetation coverage was 92%, the soil organic matter content was 2.50 g / kg, the fresh weight of the plants was 1.08 kg, and the dry weight was 0.35 kg.

[0032] Comparative Example 4 (CK4) This comparative example is used to evaluate the effect of increasing the amount of the ecological agent added under ideal conditions without cement inhibition. No cement is added to the substrate, and the ecological agent used is the ecological agent of this invention, with an addition amount of 8 parts. The substrate ratio is: planting soil: cement: rice husk: ecological agent: organic fertilizer: compound fertilizer = 100:0:6:6:2:0.34. Based on 1 part = 20g, 2000g of planting soil, 0g of cement, 120g of rice husk, 160g of the ecological additive of this invention, 40g of organic fertilizer, and 6.8g of compound fertilizer are weighed. The substrate preparation, spraying, and maintenance methods are the same as in Example 1.

[0033] The germination rate was measured to be 75.10%. After 120 days of application of the ecological additive, the vegetation coverage was 70%, the soil organic matter content was 28.00 g / kg, the fresh weight of the plants was 0.42 kg, and the dry weight was 0.13 kg.

[0034] Comparative Example 5 (R1) This comparative example is used to directly compare with Example 1 of the present invention under the same addition amount; the ecological additive is prepared by the method disclosed in Example 1 of patent number CN201310627756.4 (comparative document); the vegetation concrete substrate ratio is exactly the same as that of Example 1, that is, planting soil: cement: rice husk: ecological agent: organic fertilizer: compound fertilizer = 100:8:6:4:2:0.34, wherein the ecological agent is 80g of the ecological agent of the comparative patent; the substrate preparation, spraying and maintenance methods are the same as those of Example 1.

[0035] The germination rate was measured to be 35.20%. After 120 days of application of the ecological additive, the vegetation coverage was 50%, the soil organic matter content was 8.20 g / kg, the fresh weight of the plants was 0.33 kg, and the dry weight was 0.23 kg.

[0036] Comparative Example 6 (R2) This comparative example is used to directly compare with Example 2 of the present invention at the same addition amount; the comparative patented ecological agent is used, and the addition amount is 6 parts (120g); the substrate ratio is exactly the same as that of Example 2, that is, planting soil: cement: rice husk: ecological agent: organic fertilizer: compound fertilizer = 100:8:6:6:2:0.34. The substrate preparation, spraying and maintenance methods are the same as those of Example 1.

[0037] The germination rate was measured to be 36.60%. After 120 days of application of the ecological additive, the vegetation coverage was 60%, the soil organic matter content was 7.50 g / kg, the fresh weight of the plants was 0.21 kg, and the dry weight was 0.12 kg.

[0038] Comparative Example 7 (R3) This comparative example is used to directly compare with Example 3 of the present invention under the same addition amount; the comparative patent ecological agent is used, and the addition amount is 8 parts (160g); the substrate ratio is exactly the same as that of Example 3, that is, planting soil: cement: rice husk: ecological agent: organic fertilizer: compound fertilizer = 100:8:6:8:2:0.34; the substrate preparation, spraying and maintenance methods are the same as those of Example 1.

[0039] The germination rate was measured to be 50.77%. After 120 days of application of the ecological additive, the vegetation coverage was 75%, the soil organic matter content was 5.10 g / kg, the fresh weight of the plants was 0.16 kg, and the dry weight was 0.11 kg.

[0040] Based on the test results of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7, the following Tables 1 and 2 are obtained.

[0041] Table 1 Table 2 Based on Tables 1-2 above, as well as the various embodiments and comparative examples, the following conclusions can be drawn: Among them, CK1-3 were control groups, S1-3 were examples, and R1-3 were comparisons of the ecological agent in patent number: 201310627756.4. According to the data graph, the germination rate in examples 1-3 (S1-3) was relatively high, showing a trend of gradually increasing with the amount added, with S3 having the highest germination rate of 79.32%. The plant germination rate (42.98%-79.32%) of the ecological additive examples S1-3 of this invention was significantly higher than the germination rate (35.20%-50.77%) of the ecological agent in comparative examples 4-6 (R1-3) (patent number: 201310627756.4). The plant coverage (75%-90%) of the ecological additive examples S1-3 of this invention was significantly higher than the coverage (50%-75%) of the ecological agent in R1-3 (patent number: 201310627756.4), and close to the coverage (70%-95%) of the control group. After 120 days of spraying with the ecological additive examples S1-3 of this invention... The organic matter content in the root soil of the plant (12.10–26.50 g / kg) was significantly higher than that of the plant with ecological agent R1–3 (patent number: 201310627756.4) (5.76–9.23 g / kg). After 120 days of application, the dry weight (0.12–0.36 kg) and fresh weight (0.32–0.82 kg) of the plant roots of the plant with ecological agent R1–3 (patent number: 201310627756.4) were significantly higher. In summary, the ecological agent of this invention effectively reduces the strong alkaline toxicity of cement substrate to plants and has a higher growth-promoting effect than the ecological agent R1–3 (patent number: 201310627756.4). Therefore, this invention provides a low-cost, easily promoted, and highly efficient vegetation concrete greening additive for rock slopes.

[0042] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an ecological additive for rock slope restoration, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of microbial agent: Collect compound microbial strains containing alkali-tolerant, phosphorus-solubilizing, potassium-solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing functions from the cultivated plant substrate, carry out propagation and cultivation, mix the propagated strains with organic waste, compost and dry them to obtain microbial agent. S2. Preparation of additive mixture: Weigh the following components by weight percentage: 5%–10% of the bacterial agent obtained in step S1, 1.5%–2% of iron ore powder, 5.9%–6.5% of calcium powder, 5.9%–6.5% of phosphate rock powder, 1.5%–2% of silicon ore powder, 2%–3% of ferrous sulfate, 4.5%–5.9% of calcium sulfate, 10%–11.9% of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1%–2.9% of water-retaining agent, 19.2%–20% of biochar, 38.5%–40% of zeolite, and 3.8%–5% of palm fiber; S3. Mixing: Mix all the components weighed in S2 evenly to obtain the ecological additive.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the composite microbial strains include Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium, and Azotobacter chrysophyll.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the composting process is carried out under natural open conditions, with the moisture content controlled at 60-65%, and the composting time is 10-30 days. During the composting process, the compost is turned over once every day.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the conditions for propagation culture are: temperature 25℃, pH value 6-8, and culture time 24 hours.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the organic waste includes at least one of livestock and poultry manure, crushed straw, weeds, and fallen leaves.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the iron ore powder contains iron oxides; the calcium powder is heavy calcium carbonate; the phosphate rock powder contains fluorapatite, and the total phosphorus content, calculated as phosphorus pentoxide, is 10%-35%; and the silicon ore powder contains silicon dioxide.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the water-retaining agent is acrylamide; the biochar is at least one of wheat straw charcoal, corn straw charcoal, or rice straw charcoal; the density of the zeolite is 6.35 g / cm³; and the palm fiber is palm sawdust with a particle size of 2 mm.

8. An ecological additive for rock slope restoration, characterized in that, The ecological additive for rock slope restoration is prepared by any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A vegetation-concrete substrate for rock slope restoration, characterized in that, It is composed of the following raw materials in the indicated weight ratios: 100 parts planting soil, 8 parts cement, 6 parts rice husks, 4-8 parts ecological additive for rock slope restoration as described in claim 8, 2 parts organic fertilizer, and 0.34 parts compound fertilizer.

10. The vegetation concrete substrate according to claim 9, characterized in that: The planting soil is forest soil that has been cleaned of stones and plant roots and passed through a 100-mesh sieve; The cement is ordinary Portland cement; The moisture content of the rice husk is less than 20%; The organic fertilizer is a bio-organic microbial fertilizer; The mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the compound fertilizer is 15:15:15.

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