Fabric with moisture absorption and quick-drying and antibacterial functions and preparation method thereof
By introducing hyperbranched polyamide and cellulose nanocrystals into pure cotton fabric and combining them with the electrostatic adsorption of quaternary ammonium salt cationic groups, a three-dimensional network functional film is constructed, which solves the problem of easy growth of microorganisms in cotton cellulose fiber fabric in humid environments and achieves the dual functions of moisture absorption and quick drying as well as antibacterial effect.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHONGSHAN YONGWEI CLOTHING CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing cotton cellulose fiber fabrics are prone to becoming a breeding ground for microorganisms in humid environments, lack antibacterial capabilities, and cannot meet the market's high requirements for functional fabrics.
By introducing hyperbranched polyamide, cellulose nanocrystals and quaternary ammonium salt cationic groups into pure cotton fabric, and utilizing amidation and esterification crosslinking reactions, a three-dimensional network functional film is constructed on the fabric surface to enhance moisture absorption and quick-drying properties and achieve antibacterial effects.
It achieves improved moisture absorption and quick-drying performance of the fabric and good antibacterial effect. Cellulose nanocrystals increase the specific surface area, and quaternary ammonium salt cationic groups destroy bacterial cell membranes, achieving the dual functions of rapid drying and antibacterial properties.
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Figure SMS_1
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of textile technology, specifically to a fabric with moisture-wicking, quick-drying, and antibacterial functions, and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Natural cellulose fibers such as cotton and linen are widely used in the clothing industry, especially in sportswear and casual wear, due to their excellent skin-friendliness, breathability, and moisture absorption. With the improvement of people's living standards and the diversification of application scenarios, the market is placing higher demands on the functionality of fabrics.
[0003] Patent CN115897247A discloses a method for preparing an easy-to-clean, wrinkle-resistant fabric. The method includes preparing an organosilicon-modified polyurethane emulsion wrinkle-resistant finishing agent, preparing a fluorinated organosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion easy-to-clean finishing agent, and impregnating pure cotton fabric. However, because the fabric itself lacks antibacterial properties, it easily becomes a breeding ground for microorganisms in humid environments. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fabric with moisture-wicking, quick-drying, and antibacterial functions, and a method for preparing the same, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A fabric with moisture-wicking, quick-drying, and antibacterial functions is provided, wherein the fabric is obtained by impregnating pure cotton fabric with a finishing working solution; the finishing working solution is obtained by mixing a finishing agent, a citric acid crosslinking agent, sodium hypophosphite, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and deionized water; the finishing agent is prepared by hyperbranched polyamide, deionized water, 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, aqueous solution of cellulose nanocrystals, dehydrated sorbitan monooleate polyoxyethylene ether, and aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide; the hyperbranched polyamide is prepared by anhydrous methanol, ethylenediamine, and methyl acrylate.
[0006] Furthermore, the mass fraction of the aqueous solution of cellulose nanocrystals is 5-8%.
[0007] Furthermore, the mass fraction of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 5-10%.
[0008] Furthermore, the weight of pure cotton fabric is 100-150 g / m².
[0009] A method for preparing a fabric with moisture-wicking, quick-drying, and antibacterial functions includes the following steps: (1) Under nitrogen protection, anhydrous methanol and ethylenediamine were added to the reactor. Methyl acrylate was slowly added dropwise over 1.5-2.5 hours at a stirring speed of 300-400 rpm and a temperature of 5-10℃. After the addition was complete, the temperature was raised to 25±5℃ and stirring was continued for 23-25 hours. Then, methanol was removed by vacuum distillation at 38-42℃ and -0.095MPa to -0.097MPa to obtain hyperbranched polyamide. The addition of anhydrous methanol as a reaction solvent and promoter helps to control the reaction rate and improve the product yield. (2) Mix hyperbranched polyamide and deionized water, stir at 200-300 rpm for 30-45 minutes, then add 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, stir at 240-260 rpm for 5.5-6.5 hours at 58-62℃, then cool to 38-42℃, add cellulose nanofiber aqueous solution and dehydrated sorbitan monooleate polyoxyethylene ether, adjust the pH to 8.0-8.5 with sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, then heat to 68-72℃ and continue stirring for 3.5-4.5 hours, cool to 25±5℃ to obtain the finishing agent; (3) Mix the finishing agent, citric acid crosslinking agent, sodium hypophosphite, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and deionized water, and stir at 150-250 rpm for 20-40 minutes to obtain the finishing working solution; immerse the pure cotton fabric in the finishing working solution at a bath ratio of 1:8-12, and then roll it under a pressure of 0.3-0.4 MPa. After that, pre-dry the rolled fabric at 95-105℃ for 1.5-2.5 minutes, and then bake it at 140-145℃ for 2.5-3.5 minutes to obtain a fabric with moisture absorption, quick drying and antibacterial functions.
[0010] Furthermore, in step (1), the mass ratio of anhydrous methanol, ethylenediamine, and methyl acrylate is 100:146-154:340-345.
[0011] Furthermore, in step (2), the aqueous solution of cellulose nanocrystals is pre-treated with ultrasonic power of 300-400W for 30-40 minutes.
[0012] Furthermore, in step (2), the mass ratio of hyperbranched polyamide, deionized water, 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, aqueous solution of cellulose nanocrystals and dehydrated sorbitan monooleate polyoxyethylene ether is 100:500-600:78-82:200-400:8-12.
[0013] Furthermore, in step (3), the mass ratio of finishing agent, citric acid crosslinking agent, sodium hypophosphite, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and deionized water is 100:8-12:0.5-1:0.5-1.5:800-1000.
[0014] Furthermore, in step (3), the liquid carryover rate is controlled at 70%-80%.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: 1. In this invention, the amino group of ethylenediamine and the carbon-carbon double bond of methyl acrylate undergo a Michael addition reaction to generate an intermediate with an ester group at the end. This intermediate then undergoes an amidation polycondensation reaction with excess ethylenediamine, where the amino group of ethylenediamine attacks the ester group at the end of the intermediate to form an amide bond. Through repeated alternating reaction processes, a hyperbranched polyamide polymer is obtained. The primary amino group of this hyperbranched polyamide undergoes a ring-opening addition reaction with the epoxy group in the 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride molecule, covalently grafting the quaternary ammonium salt cationic group onto the polymer backbone, thus modifying the hyperbranched polyamide. The modified hyperbranched polyamide... Amide, cellulose nanocrystals, and hydroxyl groups on pure cotton fabric undergo esterification reactions with multiple carboxyl groups of citric acid crosslinking agent, constructing a three-dimensional network functional film on and inside the pure cotton fabric surface. Among them, cellulose nanocrystals have a high specific surface area and abundant surface hydroxyl groups, forming a micro-nano rough structure on the fabric fiber surface, increasing the specific surface area, enhancing the capillary effect, promoting moisture evaporation, and improving the fabric's moisture absorption and quick-drying performance. Quaternary ammonium salt cationic groups can adsorb negatively charged bacterial cell membranes through electrostatic interactions, disrupting the integrity of their lipid bilayer structure, leading to leakage of cell contents, thereby achieving an antibacterial effect. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The following embodiments are provided to better understand the present invention and are not limited to the preferred embodiments described. They do not constitute a limitation on the content and scope of protection of the present invention. Any product that is the same as or similar to the present invention, derived by any person under the guidance of the present invention or by combining the features of the present invention with other prior art, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0017] A fabric with moisture-wicking, quick-drying, and antibacterial functions is provided, wherein the fabric is obtained by impregnating pure cotton fabric with a finishing working solution; the finishing working solution is obtained by mixing a finishing agent, a citric acid crosslinking agent, sodium hypophosphite, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and deionized water; the finishing agent is prepared by hyperbranched polyamide, deionized water, 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, aqueous solution of cellulose nanocrystals, dehydrated sorbitan monooleate polyoxyethylene ether, and aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide; the hyperbranched polyamide is prepared by anhydrous methanol, ethylenediamine, and methyl acrylate.
[0018] For experiments not specifically described in the examples, the procedures or conditions should be followed according to the conventional experimental procedures described in the literature in this field. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available conventional reagent products.
[0019] Example 1
[0020] (1) Under nitrogen protection, anhydrous methanol and ethylenediamine were added to the reactor. Methyl acrylate was slowly added dropwise over 1.5 hours at 5℃ and 300 rpm. After the addition was complete, the temperature was raised to 25±5℃ and stirring was continued for 23 hours. Then, methanol was removed by vacuum distillation at 38℃ and -0.095 MPa to obtain hyperbranched polyamide. The mass ratio of anhydrous methanol, ethylenediamine and methyl acrylate was 100:146:340.
[0021] (2) Hyperbranched polyamide and deionized water were mixed and stirred at 200 rpm for 30 minutes. Then, 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride was added, and the mixture was stirred at 240 rpm for 5.5 hours at 58°C. After cooling to 38°C, 5% (w / w) aqueous solution of cellulose nanofibers and sorbitan monooleate polyoxyethylene ether were added. The pH was adjusted to 8.0 using 5% (w / w) sodium hydroxide aqueous solution. The mixture was then heated to 68°C and stirred for 3.5 hours. After cooling to 25±5°C, the finishing agent was obtained. The aqueous solution of cellulose nanofibers was pre-treated with ultrasonic power of 300W for 30 minutes. The mass ratio of hyperbranched polyamide, deionized water, 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, aqueous solution of cellulose nanofibers and sorbitan monooleate polyoxyethylene ether was 100:500:78:200:8.
[0022] (3) The finishing agent, citric acid crosslinking agent, sodium hypophosphite, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and deionized water were mixed and stirred at 150 rpm for 20 minutes to obtain the finishing working solution. A pure cotton fabric with a basis weight of 120 g / m² was immersed in the finishing working solution at a bath ratio of 1:8. Then, it was rolled under a pressure of 0.3 MPa, with the liquid content controlled at 70%. After that, the rolled fabric was pre-dried at 95°C for 1.5 minutes, and then baked at 140°C for 2.5 minutes to obtain a fabric with moisture-wicking, quick-drying, and antibacterial functions. The mass ratio of the finishing agent, citric acid crosslinking agent, sodium hypophosphite, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and deionized water was 100:8:0.5:0.5:800.
[0023] Example 2
[0024] (1) Under nitrogen protection, anhydrous methanol and ethylenediamine were added to the reactor. Methyl acrylate was slowly added dropwise over 2.0 hours at 7°C and 350 rpm. After the addition was complete, the temperature was raised to 25±5°C and stirring was continued for 24 hours. Then, methanol was removed by vacuum distillation at 40°C and -0.096 MPa to obtain hyperbranched polyamide. The mass ratio of anhydrous methanol, ethylenediamine and methyl acrylate was 100:150:342.5.
[0025] (2) Hyperbranched polyamide and deionized water were mixed and stirred at 250 rpm for 37 minutes. Then, 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride was added, and the mixture was stirred at 250 rpm for 6.0 hours at 60°C. After cooling to 40°C, 7% (w / w) aqueous solution of cellulose nanocrystals and sorbitan monooleate polyoxyethylene ether were added. The pH was adjusted to 8.2 using 7.5% (w / w) sodium hydroxide aqueous solution. The mixture was then heated to 70°C and stirred for 4.0 hours. After cooling to 25±5°C, the finishing agent was obtained. The aqueous solution of cellulose nanocrystals was pre-sonicated at 350W for 35 minutes. The mass ratio of hyperbranched polyamide, deionized water, 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, aqueous solution of cellulose nanocrystals, and sorbitan monooleate polyoxyethylene ether was 100:550:80:300:10.
[0026] (3) The finishing agent, citric acid crosslinking agent, sodium hypophosphite, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and deionized water were mixed and stirred at 200 rpm for 30 minutes to obtain the finishing working solution. A pure cotton fabric with a basis weight of 120 g / m² was immersed in the finishing working solution at a bath ratio of 1:10. Then, it was rolled under a pressure of 0.35 MPa, with the liquid content controlled at 75%. After that, the rolled fabric was pre-dried at 100°C for 2.0 minutes, and then baked at 142°C for 3.0 minutes to obtain a fabric with moisture-wicking, quick-drying, and antibacterial functions. The mass ratio of the finishing agent, citric acid crosslinking agent, sodium hypophosphite, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and deionized water was 100:10:0.75:1.0:900.
[0027] Example 3
[0028] (1) Under nitrogen protection, anhydrous methanol and ethylenediamine were added to the reactor. Methyl acrylate was slowly added dropwise over 2.5 hours at 10℃ and 400 rpm. After the addition was complete, the temperature was raised to 25±5℃ and stirring was continued for 25 hours. Then, methanol was removed by vacuum distillation at 42℃ and -0.097 MPa to obtain hyperbranched polyamide. The mass ratio of anhydrous methanol, ethylenediamine and methyl acrylate was 100:154:345.
[0029] (2) Hyperbranched polyamide and deionized water were mixed and stirred at 300 rpm for 45 minutes. Then, 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride was added, and the mixture was stirred at 260 rpm for 6.5 hours at 62°C. After cooling to 42°C, 8% (w / w) aqueous solution of cellulose nanocrystals and sorbitan monooleate polyoxyethylene ether were added. The pH was adjusted to 8.5 using 10% (w / w) sodium hydroxide aqueous solution. The mixture was then heated to 72°C and stirred for 4.5 hours. After cooling to 25±5°C, the finishing agent was obtained. The aqueous solution of cellulose nanocrystals was pre-treated with ultrasonic power of 400W for 40 minutes. The mass ratio of hyperbranched polyamide, deionized water, 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, aqueous solution of cellulose nanocrystals, and sorbitan monooleate polyoxyethylene ether was 100:600:82:400:12.
[0030] (3) The finishing agent, citric acid crosslinking agent, sodium hypophosphite, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and deionized water were mixed and stirred at 250 rpm for 40 minutes to obtain the finishing working solution. A pure cotton fabric with a basis weight of 120 g / m² was immersed in the finishing working solution at a bath ratio of 1:12. Then, it was rolled under a pressure of 0.4 MPa, with the liquid content controlled at 80%. After that, the rolled fabric was pre-dried at 105°C for 2.5 minutes, and then baked at 145°C for 3.5 minutes to obtain a fabric with moisture-wicking, quick-drying, and antibacterial functions. The mass ratio of the finishing agent, citric acid crosslinking agent, sodium hypophosphite, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and deionized water was 100:12:1:1.5:1000.
[0031] Comparative Example 1 The only difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that no aqueous solution of cellulose nanocrystals was added.
[0032] Comparative Example 2 The only difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is not added.
[0033] Comparative Example 3 The only difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that citric acid crosslinking agent is not added.
[0034] The evaporation rate and wicking height of the fabric were tested according to GB / T21655.1-2023 "Evaluation of the moisture absorption and quick-drying properties of textiles - Part 1: Single combination test method".
[0035] The inhibition rates of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli on the fabric were tested according to GB / T20944.3-2008 "Evaluation of antimicrobial properties of textiles - Part 3: Vibration method".
[0036] The fabric was subjected to 20 standard washes according to GB / T8629-2017 "Home Washing and Drying Procedures for Textile Testing", and then the Staphylococcus aureus inhibition rate and Escherichia coli inhibition rate were tested.
[0037] Table 1 below shows the performance analysis results of the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention.
[0038] Table 1
[0039] Experimental data from the examples and comparative examples show that the cellulose nanocrystals in this invention have a high specific surface area and abundant surface hydroxyl groups, forming a micro-nano rough structure on the surface of the fabric fibers, increasing the specific surface area, enhancing the capillary effect, promoting moisture evaporation, and improving the moisture absorption and quick-drying performance of the fabric. 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is used as a quaternary ammonium salt cation source to provide antibacterial activity, and citric acid crosslinking agent is used as a covalent bond bridge to promote crosslinking and fixation between the finishing agent and the pure cotton fabric, thereby synergistically achieving the fabric's moisture absorption and quick-drying properties as well as good antibacterial function.
[0040] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No markings in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A fabric with moisture-wicking, quick-drying, and antibacterial functions, characterized in that, The fabric is obtained by impregnating pure cotton fabric with a finishing working solution; the finishing working solution is obtained by mixing finishing agent, citric acid crosslinking agent, sodium hypophosphite, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and deionized water; the finishing agent is prepared by hyperbranched polyamide, deionized water, 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, aqueous solution of cellulose nanofibers, dehydrated sorbitan monooleate polyoxyethylene ether and aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide; the hyperbranched polyamide is prepared by anhydrous methanol, ethylenediamine and methyl acrylate.
2. The fabric with moisture-wicking, quick-drying, and antibacterial functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass fraction of the aqueous solution of cellulose nanocrystals is 5-8%.
3. The fabric with moisture-wicking, quick-drying, and antibacterial functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sodium hydroxide aqueous solution has a mass fraction of 5-10%.
4. The fabric with moisture-wicking, quick-drying, and antibacterial functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight of the pure cotton fabric is 100-150 g / m².
5. A method for preparing a fabric with moisture-wicking, quick-drying, and antibacterial functions, applied to the fabric with moisture-wicking, quick-drying, and antibacterial functions as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Under nitrogen protection, anhydrous methanol and ethylenediamine are added to the reactor. Methyl acrylate is slowly added dropwise over 1.5-2.5 hours at a stirring speed of 300-400 rpm at 5-10℃. After the addition is complete, the temperature is raised to 25±5℃ and stirring is continued for 23-25 hours. Then, methanol is removed by vacuum distillation at 38-42℃ and -0.095MPa to -0.097MPa to obtain hyperbranched polyamide. (2) Mix hyperbranched polyamide and deionized water, stir at 200-300 rpm for 30-45 minutes, then add 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, stir at 240-260 rpm for 5.5-6.5 hours at 58-62℃, then cool to 38-42℃, add cellulose nanofiber aqueous solution and dehydrated sorbitan monooleate polyoxyethylene ether, adjust the pH to 8.0-8.5 with sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, then heat to 68-72℃ and continue stirring for 3.5-4.5 hours, cool to 25±5℃ to obtain the finishing agent; (3) Mix the finishing agent, citric acid crosslinking agent, sodium hypophosphite, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and deionized water, and stir at 150-250 rpm for 20-40 minutes to obtain the finishing working solution; immerse the pure cotton fabric in the finishing working solution at a bath ratio of 1:8-12, and then roll it under a pressure of 0.3-0.4 MPa. After that, pre-dry the rolled fabric at 95-105℃ for 1.5-2.5 minutes, and then bake it at 140-145℃ for 2.5-3.5 minutes to obtain a fabric with moisture absorption, quick drying and antibacterial functions.
6. The method for preparing a fabric with moisture-wicking, quick-drying, and antibacterial functions according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step (1), the mass ratio of anhydrous methanol, ethylenediamine and methyl acrylate is 100:146-154:340-345.
7. The method for preparing a fabric with moisture-wicking, quick-drying, and antibacterial functions according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step (2), the aqueous solution of cellulose nanocrystals is first subjected to ultrasonic treatment at a power of 300-400W for 30-40 minutes.
8. The method for preparing a fabric with moisture-wicking, quick-drying, and antibacterial functions according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step (2), the mass ratio of hyperbranched polyamide, deionized water, 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, aqueous solution of cellulose nanocrystals and dehydrated sorbitan monooleate polyoxyethylene ether is 100:500-600:78-82:200-400:8-12.
9. A method for preparing a fabric with moisture-wicking, quick-drying, and antibacterial functions according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step (3), the mass ratio of finishing agent, citric acid crosslinking agent, sodium hypophosphite, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and deionized water is 100:8-12:0.5-1:0.5-1.5:800-1000.
10. A method for preparing a fabric with moisture-wicking, quick-drying, and antibacterial functions according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step (3), the liquid carryover rate is controlled at 70%-80%.