Construction process for rapid solidification and film formation of concrete pavement in downhole high-humidity environment

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of engineering technology, specifically a rapid curing and film-forming construction process for concrete pavements in high-humidity underground environments. Addressing the significant shortcomings in existing application scenarios and poor applicability, the following solution is proposed, comprising the following steps: S1: Weighing the concrete matrix raw materials and curing and film-forming auxiliary materials. The weight ratio of the concrete matrix raw materials is: 32-38 parts modified early-strength silicate cement, 45-52 parts modified aggregate, 2.5-4.0 parts modified composite admixture, and 10.0-15.0 parts water. Through innovation in the modified material system and process optimization, a synergistic improvement in scenario adaptability, construction safety, curing efficiency, and durability is achieved. This fills the technological gap in rapid curing and film-forming of concrete pavements in high-humidity underground environments, providing an efficient, stable, and safe solution for the construction of underground roadways and chamber pavements in coal mines, metal mines, and other similar locations, and possessing broader industrial application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering technology, and in particular to a rapid curing and film-forming construction process for concrete pavement in high-humidity underground environments. Background Technology

[0002] Chinese patent application number 202011091202.3 discloses a construction process for asphalt concrete pavement based on a target mix ratio, including the following steps: Asphalt concrete is laid on the road surface using a paver to form an asphalt concrete layer on the roadbed; multiple rows of deformation sections are intermittently opened on the asphalt concrete layer, with multiple sets of deformation holes intermittently arranged in each row; rubber material and wear-resistant agent are added to the heating chamber of a melting tank at a weight ratio of 90-100:5-6 for heating to obtain a rubber filler; the spacing of the connecting pipes on the drip irrigation mechanism is adjusted according to the distance of the deformation holes on each row of deformation sections using a spacing adjustment mechanism; the valve on the diversion pipe is opened, allowing the rubber filler in the melting tank to enter the unloading pipe along the diversion pipe, connecting pipe, and bottom pipe, and then discharged from the unloading pipe into the deformation holes on the asphalt concrete layer to solidify and form a pavement. This invention is easy to operate, and the asphalt concrete pavement is less prone to vehicle slippage in winter.

[0003] However, this asphalt concrete pavement construction process based on the target mix ratio also has some problems. For example, it is designed for winter anti-skid of asphalt concrete pavement and is not suitable for the special environment of high humidity, limited ventilation, and high explosion-proof requirements in underground wells. It has significant scene adaptability defects. The asphalt concrete system used is slow to cure and form in high humidity environment, which is prone to hollowing and sanding. Moreover, the rubber filler needs to be heated and melted, which poses a safety hazard for high-temperature operations in underground wells. At the same time, the process does not consider the impact of water seepage in underground wells, resulting in poor moisture resistance and short service life of the pavement. It cannot meet the requirements of rapid traffic opening and long-term stable service in underground wells. It also does not provide an effective curing and film-forming solution for concrete pavement. Its application scope is limited to asphalt pavement and cannot be transferred to the construction scenario of underground concrete pavement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Given the significant limitations in the application of the prior art and its poor applicability, this invention proposes a rapid curing and film-forming construction process for concrete pavement in high-humidity underground environments.

[0005] This invention proposes a rapid curing and film-forming construction process for concrete pavement in high-humidity underground environments, comprising the following steps: S1: Weigh the concrete matrix raw materials and curing film-forming auxiliary materials. The weight ratio of the concrete matrix raw materials is: 32-38 parts of modified early-strength silicate cement, 45-52 parts of modified aggregate, 2.5-4.0 parts of modified composite admixture, and 10.0-15.0 parts of water. The curing film-forming auxiliary materials include 1.5 parts of modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent and 1.2 parts of modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent. Put the above concrete matrix raw materials into an explosion-proof mixer, dry mix for 2-3 minutes until uniform, then add the preset amount of water and continue mixing for 3-5 minutes to obtain a dry-hard concrete mixture. S2: Clean the floating slag, silt and debris from the construction base surface in the well. After washing it clean with a high-pressure water gun, use epoxy mortar to fill cracks in the base surface with a width > 0.5mm. Then, use a combination of explosion-proof dehumidifier and axial flow fan to force dehumidify the base surface until the moisture content of the base surface is ≤ 8%. Next, in areas with severe water accumulation, lay a 1.5-2.0mm thick modified PVC waterproof membrane on the base surface with an overlap width ≥ 10cm to complete the base pretreatment. S3: Spread the dry-hard concrete mixture on the pretreated base layer with a thickness of 100mm to 200mm and a loose-lay coefficient of 1.1 to 1.2. Then, use an immersion-type explosion-proof vibrator to vibrate it with a vibration spacing of ≤30cm until the concrete surface is covered with slurry and no air bubbles emerge. Then, use a plate vibrator to level it. Next, 20 to 30 minutes before the initial setting of the concrete, use an explosion-proof power trowel to perform rough troweling and fine troweling in sequence to make the road surface flat and dense. S4: When the concrete surface shows no obvious indentation when pressed with a finger and the surface strength is ≥1.2MPa, uniformly spray the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent at a rate of 0.2kg / ㎡~0.3kg / ㎡. If the concrete surface absorbs the agent too quickly, re-spray after 30 minutes until the concrete surface no longer absorbs the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent. Wipe away any excess modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent. Then turn on the explosion-proof dehumidifier and axial flow fan for forced dehumidification curing, controlling the relative humidity of the construction area to ≤60% and the curing time to ≥6h. When the concrete strength is ≥10MPa, use a 200-grit angle grinder to lightly grind the concrete surface to remove laitance and imperfections. After cleaning the dust, wipe the surface with anhydrous ethanol, and then uniformly spray the modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent at a rate of 0.15kg / ㎡~0.2kg / ㎡, in two applications with a 30-minute interval. S5: 24 hours after film formation, test the surface hardness, adhesion, water absorption, and compressive strength of the road surface. When the surface Mohs hardness is ≥6, there is no peeling in the cross-cut test, the water absorption is ≤3%, and the 24-hour compressive strength is ≥25MPa, clean up the residual debris on the road surface and open the underground vehicle passage. This application focuses on the special needs of underground high-humidity concrete road surface construction. Through the innovation of modified material system and process optimization, it has achieved a synergistic improvement in scenario adaptability, construction safety, curing efficiency, and durability. It not only fills the technical gap of rapid curing and film formation of concrete road surface in underground high-humidity environment, but also avoids the safety hazards and performance defects of existing technologies in underground scenarios. It provides an efficient, stable, and safe solution for the construction of underground roadways and chambers in coal mines, metal mines, etc., and has a wider range of industrial application value.

[0006] Preferably, in step S1, the modified early-strength silicate cement is prepared by: using 42.5 grade silicate cement clinker as the base material, adding 8% to 12% of the base material weight of modified admixture, mixing and grinding until the specific surface area is 450 m² / kg to 500 m² / kg, to obtain modified early-strength silicate cement. The modified admixture is composed of nano-silica, metakaolin, and calcined alum stone mixed in a weight ratio of 3:2:1. The nano-silica is modified by silane coupling agent KH-550 at a modification temperature of 80℃ to 90℃ for 2 to 3 hours. After modification, the performance of the modified early-strength silicate cement is improved.

[0007] Preferably, in step S1, the modified aggregate is a mixture of crushed stone and medium sand in a weight ratio of 7:3, wherein the crushed stone has a particle size of 5 mm to 20 mm and the medium sand has a fineness modulus of 2.6 to 3.0. The modified aggregate is prepared by soaking the crushed stone and medium sand in a modification treatment solution for 4 to 6 hours, then drying them at 105°C to 110°C until the moisture content is ≤1%. The modification treatment solution is a silane coupling agent KH-560 ethanol solution with a mass fraction of 3% to 5%, wherein the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 4:1. After modification, the compatibility of the aggregate with other materials can be increased.

[0008] Preferably, in S1, the modified composite admixture is a mixture of a modified early-strength accelerator, a modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer, and a modified defoamer in a weight ratio of 5:3:1. The modified early-strength accelerator is prepared by mixing calcium chloride and sodium sulfate in a weight ratio of 2:1, adding 10% to 15% of nano-calcium carbonate powder by weight of the mixture, and stirring in a high-speed mixer for 30 to 40 minutes at a stirring speed of 1500 to 2000 r / min to obtain the modified early-strength accelerator. The material of the modified composite admixture can increase the solidification speed, reduce water consumption, and reduce bubbles.

[0009] Preferably, the modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer is prepared as follows: acrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, and polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether acrylate are used as monomers, mixed in a molar ratio of 3:1:2, and 0.8% to 1.2% of ammonium persulfate as an initiator is added. The polymerization reaction is carried out at 70°C to 80°C for 4 to 5 hours. After the reaction is completed, 20% to 25% sodium hydroxide solution is added to adjust the pH value to 6.5 to 7.5. Then, 3% to 5% of nano titanium dioxide powder is added, and the mixture is stirred evenly to obtain the modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer, which can increase the effect of the superplasticizer and reduce water consumption.

[0010] Preferably, the modified defoamer is prepared by mixing an organosilicon defoamer and a polyether defoamer at a weight ratio of 1:2, adding 5% to 8% of modified montmorillonite by weight of the mixture, stirring at 80°C to 90°C for 60 to 120 minutes, cooling to room temperature, and grinding until the particle size is ≤5μm to obtain the modified defoamer. The modified montmorillonite is modified by hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide intercalation, which can improve the defoaming effect of the defoamer, reduce the number of air bubbles in concrete, and avoid the formation of voids.

[0011] Preferably, in S1, the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent is prepared by: using lithium silicate as a base material, adding 5% to 8% of modified nano-silica and 3% to 5% of fluorocarbon surfactant by weight of the base material, stirring at 60°C to 70°C for 120 to 180 minutes at a stirring speed of 800 r / min to 1000 r / min, cooling to room temperature, and curing for 12 hours to obtain the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent, wherein the particle size of the modified nano-silica is 20 nm to 50 nm, and the curing agent is modified by γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to improve the curing effect and increase the curing speed.

[0012] Preferably, in step S1, the modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent is composed of component A and component B mixed at a weight ratio of 2:1. Component A is prepared by mixing polyether polyol and isophorone diisocyanate at a molar ratio of 1:2, adding 0.5%–1% of dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst by weight of the mixture, and reacting at 80°C–90°C for 3–4 hours to obtain a prepolymer. Component B is prepared by mixing modified amine curing agent and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether at a weight ratio of 4:1, adding 2%–3% of nano-zinc oxide powder by weight of the total weight of component B, and stirring until homogeneous to obtain component B. The modified amine curing agent is an imidized product generated by the reaction of diethylenetriamine and maleic anhydride at a molar ratio of 1:1.2. After modification, the performance of the modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent can be enhanced, forming a protective layer.

[0013] Preferably, in step S2, the modified PVC waterproof membrane is prepared by: using PVC resin as a base material, adding plasticizer dioctyl phthalate, modified calcium carbonate, and antioxidant 1010, mixing evenly, and then extruding it through an extruder at a molding temperature of 160℃~180℃. After cooling, the modified PVC waterproof membrane is obtained. The modified calcium carbonate is treated with stearic acid surface modification. After modification, the waterproof performance of the PVC waterproof membrane can be increased.

[0014] Preferably, in S4, the forced dehumidification maintenance adopts a zoned circulation dehumidification mode, with each dehumidification zone being 5m to 8m long and the air velocity at the dehumidifier outlet controlled at 2m / s to 3m / s. After spraying the modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent, the temperature of the construction area is controlled at 15℃ to 25℃, and the ventilation velocity is controlled at 1m / s to 1.5m / s until the film-forming agent is completely cured. This can effectively control the construction and maintenance environment, which is beneficial to the formation of the road surface.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. Adopting fully explosion-proof equipment to adapt to underground operation specifications avoids the safety risks of heating and melting processes; using modified PVC waterproof membrane to isolate groundwater and force dehumidification to regulate environmental humidity, combined with a concrete system with multiple modified materials, it solves the problems of road surface sanding and hollowing in high humidity environments from the source, achieving precise adaptation to underground scenarios; 2. Relying on the synergistic effect of modified early-strength silicate cement and modified composite admixtures, combined with the "penetration curing + sealing film formation" dual-level protection process, the compressive strength is ≥25MPa after 24 hours and the road can be fully opened to traffic after 48 hours, which shortens the construction period by more than 70% compared with conventional processes; the dense protective film on the surface and the penetration curing layer form a double barrier, with a water absorption rate of ≤3% and a Mohs hardness of ≥6. It has excellent water resistance, acid and alkali resistance and wear resistance, and its service life is extended to 5 to 8 years in the high humidity environment underground, which far exceeds the service life of conventional concrete pavement. This application focuses on the special needs of underground high-humidity concrete pavement construction. Through innovation in modified material systems and process optimization, it achieves a synergistic improvement in scenario adaptability, construction safety, curing efficiency, and durability. It not only fills the technological gap in rapid curing and film formation of concrete pavement in underground high-humidity environments, but also avoids the safety hazards and performance defects of existing technologies in underground scenarios. It provides an efficient, stable, and safe solution for the construction of underground roadways and chamber pavements in coal mines, metal mines, and other mines, and has broader industrial application value. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the workflow proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0018] Reference Figure 1 Example 1 This embodiment proposes a rapid curing and film-forming construction process for concrete pavement in high-humidity underground environments, including the following steps: S1: Weigh the concrete matrix raw materials and curing film-forming auxiliary materials. The weight ratio of the concrete matrix raw materials is: 35 parts modified early-strength silicate cement, 48 parts modified aggregate, 3.5 parts modified composite admixture, and 13.5 parts water. The curing film-forming auxiliary materials include 1.5 parts modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent and 1.2 parts modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent. Put the above concrete matrix raw materials into an explosion-proof mixer, dry mix for 3 minutes until uniformly mixed, then add the preset amount of water and continue mixing for 4 minutes to obtain a dry-hardened concrete mixture. The preparation method of modified early-strength silicate cement is as follows: Using 42.5 grade silicate cement clinker as the base material, add 11% (by weight) of modified admixture, mix and grind until the specific surface area reaches 480 m² / kg to obtain modified early-strength silicate cement. The modified admixture is composed of nano-silica, metakaolin, and calcined alunite in a weight ratio of 3:2:1. The nano-silica is modified with silane coupling agent KH-550 at a modification temperature of 88℃ for 2 hours. The modified aggregate is composed of crushed stone and medium sand in a weight ratio of 7:3. The aggregate has a particle size of 10 mm and a fineness modulus of 2.8 for the medium sand. The modified aggregate is prepared by soaking the crushed stone and medium sand separately in a modification treatment solution for 5 hours, then drying them at 107℃ until the moisture content is ≤1%. The modification treatment solution is a 4% (w / w) ethanol solution of silane coupling agent KH-560, with a volume ratio of ethanol to water of 4:1. The modified composite admixture is a mixture of a modified early-strength accelerator, a modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer, and a modified defoamer in a weight ratio of 5:3:1. The modified early-strength accelerator is prepared by mixing calcium chloride and sodium sulfate... Mix the components at a weight ratio of 2:1, add 13% (by weight) of nano-calcium carbonate powder, and stir in a high-speed mixer for 36 minutes at a stirring speed of 1700 r / min to obtain a modified early-strength accelerator. The modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer is prepared by mixing acrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, and polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether acrylate as monomers at a molar ratio of 3:1:2, adding 1.1% (by weight) of ammonium persulfate as an initiator, and polymerizing at 77°C for 4 hours. After the reaction, add 22% (by weight) sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH to 6.9. Add 4% by weight of nano-titanium dioxide powder to the total monomers, stir evenly to obtain the modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer. The preparation method of the modified defoamer is as follows: mix organosilicon defoamer and polyether defoamer at a weight ratio of 1:2, add 7% by weight of modified montmorillonite, stir at 86℃ for 90 minutes, cool to room temperature, and grind to a particle size ≤5μm to obtain the modified defoamer. The modified montmorillonite is modified by hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide intercalation. The preparation method of the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent is as follows: using lithium... Using silicate as the base material, 7% modified nano-silica and 4% fluorocarbon surfactant by weight were added. The mixture was stirred at 66°C for 160 minutes at a stirring speed of 900 r / min, then cooled to room temperature and cured for 12 hours to obtain a modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent. The modified nano-silica had a particle size of 35 nm and was modified with γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. The modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent was composed of component A and component B mixed in a weight ratio of 2:1. The preparation method of component A is as follows: The prepolymer was obtained by mixing polyether polyol and isophorone diisocyanate at a molar ratio of 1:2, adding 0.9% by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst, and reacting at 88°C for 4 hours. Component B was prepared by mixing modified amine curing agent and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether at a weight ratio of 4:1, adding 2% by weight of nano-zinc oxide powder, and stirring until homogeneous. The modified amine curing agent was an imidized product generated by the reaction of diethylenetriamine and maleic anhydride at a molar ratio of 1:1.2. S2: Clean the floating slag, silt and debris from the underground construction base surface. After washing it clean with a high-pressure water gun, use epoxy mortar to fill cracks with a width > 0.5mm on the base surface. Then, use a combination of explosion-proof dehumidifier and axial flow fan to force dehumidify the base surface until the moisture content of the base surface is ≤ 8%. Next, in areas with severe water accumulation, lay a 1.8mm thick modified PVC waterproof membrane on the base surface with an overlap width ≥ 10cm to complete the base pretreatment. The preparation method of the modified PVC waterproof membrane is as follows: use PVC resin as the base material, add plasticizer dioctyl phthalate, modified calcium carbonate and antioxidant 1010, mix evenly and then extrude it through an extruder at a molding temperature of 170℃. After cooling, the modified PVC waterproof membrane is obtained. The modified calcium carbonate is treated with stearic acid surface modification. S3: Spread the dry-hard concrete mixture on the pretreated base layer with a thickness of 160mm and a loose-lay coefficient of 1.1. Then, use an immersion-type explosion-proof vibrator to vibrate it with a vibration spacing of ≤30cm until the concrete surface is covered with slurry and no air bubbles emerge. Then, use a plate vibrator to level it. Next, 25 minutes before the initial setting of the concrete, use an explosion-proof power trowel to perform rough and fine troweling in sequence to make the road surface flat and dense. S4: When the concrete surface shows no obvious indentation when pressed with a finger and the surface strength is ≥1.2MPa, uniformly spray the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent at a rate of 0.3kg / ㎡. If the concrete surface absorbs the agent too quickly, re-spray after 30 minutes until the concrete surface no longer absorbs the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent. Wipe away any excess modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent. Immediately turn on the explosion-proof dehumidifier and axial flow fan for forced dehumidification curing, controlling the relative humidity of the construction area to ≤60%, and the curing time to ≥6 hours. When the concrete strength is ≥10MPa, use 2... The concrete surface is lightly ground with a 00-mesh angle grinder to remove laitance and imperfections. After dust removal, the surface is wiped with anhydrous ethanol, and then a modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent is evenly sprayed. The spraying amount is 0.18 kg / m², and it is sprayed twice with an interval of 30 minutes. Forced dehumidification curing adopts a zoned circulation dehumidification mode. The length of each dehumidification zone is 6m, and the air velocity at the dehumidifier outlet is controlled at 3m / s. After spraying the modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent, the temperature of the construction area is controlled at 24℃, and the ventilation velocity is 1.5m / s until the film-forming agent is completely cured. S5: 24 hours after film formation, test the surface hardness, adhesion, water absorption, and compressive strength of the road surface. When the surface Mohs hardness is ≥6, there is no peeling in the cross-cut test, the water absorption is ≤3%, and the 24-hour compressive strength is ≥25MPa, clean up the residual debris on the road surface and open the underground vehicle passage. This application focuses on the special needs of underground high-humidity concrete road surface construction. Through the innovation of modified material system and process optimization, it has achieved a synergistic improvement in scenario adaptability, construction safety, curing efficiency, and durability. It not only fills the technical gap of rapid curing and film formation of concrete road surface in underground high-humidity environment, but also avoids the safety hazards and performance defects of existing technologies in underground scenarios. It provides an efficient, stable, and safe solution for the construction of underground roadways and chambers in coal mines, metal mines, etc., and has a wider range of industrial application value.

[0019] Reference Figure 1 Example 2 This embodiment proposes a rapid curing and film-forming construction process for concrete pavement in high-humidity underground environments, including the following steps: S1: Weigh the concrete matrix raw materials and curing film-forming auxiliary materials. The weight ratio of the concrete matrix raw materials is: 37 parts modified early-strength silicate cement, 45 parts modified aggregate, 4.0 parts modified composite admixture, and 14.0 parts water. The curing film-forming auxiliary materials include 1.5 parts modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent and 1.2 parts modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent. Put the above concrete matrix raw materials into an explosion-proof mixer, dry mix for 3 minutes until uniformly mixed, then add the preset amount of water and continue mixing for 4 minutes to obtain a dry-hardened concrete mixture. The preparation method of modified early-strength silicate cement is as follows: Using 42.5 grade silicate cement clinker as the base material, add 11% (by weight) of modified admixture, mix and grind until the specific surface area reaches 480 m² / kg to obtain modified early-strength silicate cement. The modified admixture is composed of nano-silica, metakaolin, and calcined alunite in a weight ratio of 3:2:1. The nano-silica is modified with silane coupling agent KH-550 at a modification temperature of 88℃ for 2 hours. The modified aggregate is composed of crushed stone and medium sand in a weight ratio of 7:3. The aggregate has a particle size of 10 mm and a fineness modulus of 2.8 for the medium sand. The modified aggregate is prepared by soaking the crushed stone and medium sand separately in a modification treatment solution for 5 hours, then drying them at 107℃ until the moisture content is ≤1%. The modification treatment solution is a 4% (w / w) ethanol solution of silane coupling agent KH-560, with a volume ratio of ethanol to water of 4:1. The modified composite admixture is a mixture of a modified early-strength accelerator, a modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer, and a modified defoamer in a weight ratio of 5:3:1. The modified early-strength accelerator is prepared by mixing calcium chloride and sodium sulfate... Mix the components at a weight ratio of 2:1, add 13% (by weight) of nano-calcium carbonate powder, and stir in a high-speed mixer for 36 minutes at a stirring speed of 1700 r / min to obtain a modified early-strength accelerator. The modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer is prepared by mixing acrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, and polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether acrylate as monomers at a molar ratio of 3:1:2, adding 1.1% (by weight) of ammonium persulfate as an initiator, and polymerizing at 77°C for 4 hours. After the reaction, add 22% (by weight) sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH to 6.9. Add 4% by weight of nano-titanium dioxide powder to the total monomers, stir evenly to obtain the modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer. The preparation method of the modified defoamer is as follows: mix organosilicon defoamer and polyether defoamer at a weight ratio of 1:2, add 7% by weight of modified montmorillonite, stir at 86℃ for 90 minutes, cool to room temperature, and grind to a particle size ≤5μm to obtain the modified defoamer. The modified montmorillonite is modified by hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide intercalation. The preparation method of the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent is as follows: using lithium... Using silicate as the base material, 7% modified nano-silica and 4% fluorocarbon surfactant by weight were added. The mixture was stirred at 66°C for 160 minutes at a stirring speed of 900 r / min, then cooled to room temperature and cured for 12 hours to obtain a modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent. The modified nano-silica had a particle size of 35 nm and was modified with γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. The modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent was composed of component A and component B mixed in a weight ratio of 2:1. The preparation method of component A is as follows: The prepolymer was obtained by mixing polyether polyol and isophorone diisocyanate at a molar ratio of 1:2, adding 0.9% by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst, and reacting at 88°C for 4 hours. Component B was prepared by mixing modified amine curing agent and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether at a weight ratio of 4:1, adding 2% by weight of nano-zinc oxide powder, and stirring until homogeneous. The modified amine curing agent was an imidized product generated by the reaction of diethylenetriamine and maleic anhydride at a molar ratio of 1:1.2. S2: Clean the floating slag, silt and debris from the underground construction base surface. After washing it clean with a high-pressure water gun, use epoxy mortar to fill cracks with a width > 0.5mm on the base surface. Then, use a combination of explosion-proof dehumidifier and axial flow fan to force dehumidify the base surface until the moisture content of the base surface is ≤ 8%. Next, in areas with severe water accumulation, lay a 1.8mm thick modified PVC waterproof membrane on the base surface with an overlap width ≥ 10cm to complete the base pretreatment. The preparation method of the modified PVC waterproof membrane is as follows: use PVC resin as the base material, add plasticizer dioctyl phthalate, modified calcium carbonate and antioxidant 1010, mix evenly and then extrude it through an extruder at a molding temperature of 170℃. After cooling, the modified PVC waterproof membrane is obtained. The modified calcium carbonate is treated with stearic acid surface modification. S3: Spread the dry-hard concrete mixture on the pretreated base layer with a thickness of 160mm and a loose-lay coefficient of 1.1. Then, use an immersion-type explosion-proof vibrator to vibrate it with a vibration spacing of ≤30cm until the concrete surface is covered with slurry and no air bubbles emerge. Then, use a plate vibrator to level it. Next, 25 minutes before the initial setting of the concrete, use an explosion-proof power trowel to perform rough and fine troweling in sequence to make the road surface flat and dense. S4: When the concrete surface shows no obvious indentation when pressed with a finger and the surface strength is ≥1.2MPa, uniformly spray the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent at a rate of 0.3kg / ㎡. If the concrete surface absorbs the agent too quickly, re-spray after 30 minutes until the concrete surface no longer absorbs the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent. Wipe away any excess modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent. Immediately turn on the explosion-proof dehumidifier and axial flow fan for forced dehumidification curing, controlling the relative humidity of the construction area to ≤60%, and the curing time to ≥6 hours. When the concrete strength is ≥10MPa, use 2... The concrete surface is lightly ground with a 00-mesh angle grinder to remove laitance and imperfections. After dust removal, the surface is wiped with anhydrous ethanol, and then a modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent is evenly sprayed. The spraying amount is 0.18 kg / m², and it is sprayed twice with an interval of 30 minutes. Forced dehumidification curing adopts a zoned circulation dehumidification mode. The length of each dehumidification zone is 6m, and the air velocity at the dehumidifier outlet is controlled at 3m / s. After spraying the modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent, the temperature of the construction area is controlled at 24℃, and the ventilation velocity is 1.5m / s until the film-forming agent is completely cured. S5: 24 hours after film formation, test the surface hardness, adhesion, water absorption, and compressive strength of the road surface. When the surface Mohs hardness is ≥6, there is no peeling in the cross-cut test, the water absorption is ≤3%, and the 24-hour compressive strength is ≥25MPa, clean up the residual debris on the road surface and open the underground vehicle passage. This application focuses on the special needs of underground high-humidity concrete road surface construction. Through the innovation of modified material system and process optimization, it has achieved a synergistic improvement in scenario adaptability, construction safety, curing efficiency, and durability. It not only fills the technical gap of rapid curing and film formation of concrete road surface in underground high-humidity environment, but also avoids the safety hazards and performance defects of existing technologies in underground scenarios. It provides an efficient, stable, and safe solution for the construction of underground roadways and chambers in coal mines, metal mines, etc., and has a wider range of industrial application value.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 Example 3 This embodiment proposes a rapid curing and film-forming construction process for concrete pavement in high-humidity underground environments, including the following steps: S1: Weigh the concrete matrix raw materials and curing film-forming auxiliary materials. The weight ratio of the concrete matrix raw materials is: 38 parts modified early-strength silicate cement, 46 parts modified aggregate, 2.5 parts modified composite admixture, and 13.5 parts water. The curing film-forming auxiliary materials include 1.5 parts modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent and 1.2 parts modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent. Put the above concrete matrix raw materials into an explosion-proof mixer, dry mix for 3 minutes until uniformly mixed, then add the preset amount of water and continue mixing for 4 minutes to obtain a dry-hardened concrete mixture. The preparation method of modified early-strength silicate cement is as follows: Using 42.5 grade silicate cement clinker as the base material, add 11% (by weight) of modified admixture, mix and grind until the specific surface area reaches 480 m² / kg to obtain modified early-strength silicate cement. The modified admixture is composed of nano-silica, metakaolin, and calcined alunite in a weight ratio of 3:2:1. The nano-silica is modified with silane coupling agent KH-550 at a modification temperature of 88℃ for 2 hours. The modified aggregate is composed of crushed stone and medium sand in a weight ratio of 7:3. The aggregate has a particle size of 10 mm and a fineness modulus of 2.8 for the medium sand. The modified aggregate is prepared by soaking the crushed stone and medium sand separately in a modification treatment solution for 5 hours, then drying them at 107℃ until the moisture content is ≤1%. The modification treatment solution is a 4% (w / w) ethanol solution of silane coupling agent KH-560, with a volume ratio of ethanol to water of 4:1. The modified composite admixture is a mixture of a modified early-strength accelerator, a modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer, and a modified defoamer in a weight ratio of 5:3:1. The modified early-strength accelerator is prepared by mixing calcium chloride and sodium sulfate... Mix the components at a weight ratio of 2:1, add 13% (by weight) of nano-calcium carbonate powder, and stir in a high-speed mixer for 36 minutes at a stirring speed of 1700 r / min to obtain a modified early-strength accelerator. The modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer is prepared by mixing acrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, and polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether acrylate as monomers at a molar ratio of 3:1:2, adding 1.1% (by weight) of ammonium persulfate as an initiator, and polymerizing at 77°C for 4 hours. After the reaction, add 22% (by weight) sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH to 6.9. Add 4% by weight of nano-titanium dioxide powder to the total monomers, stir evenly to obtain the modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer. The preparation method of the modified defoamer is as follows: mix organosilicon defoamer and polyether defoamer at a weight ratio of 1:2, add 7% by weight of modified montmorillonite, stir at 86℃ for 90 minutes, cool to room temperature, and grind to a particle size ≤5μm to obtain the modified defoamer. The modified montmorillonite is modified by hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide intercalation. The preparation method of the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent is as follows: using lithium... Using silicate as the base material, 7% modified nano-silica and 4% fluorocarbon surfactant by weight were added. The mixture was stirred at 66°C for 160 minutes at a stirring speed of 900 r / min, then cooled to room temperature and cured for 12 hours to obtain a modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent. The modified nano-silica had a particle size of 35 nm and was modified with γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. The modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent was composed of component A and component B mixed in a weight ratio of 2:1. The preparation method of component A is as follows: The prepolymer was obtained by mixing polyether polyol and isophorone diisocyanate at a molar ratio of 1:2, adding 0.9% by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst, and reacting at 88°C for 4 hours. Component B was prepared by mixing modified amine curing agent and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether at a weight ratio of 4:1, adding 2% by weight of nano-zinc oxide powder, and stirring until homogeneous. The modified amine curing agent was an imidized product generated by the reaction of diethylenetriamine and maleic anhydride at a molar ratio of 1:1.2. S2: Clean the floating slag, silt and debris from the underground construction base surface. After washing it clean with a high-pressure water gun, use epoxy mortar to fill cracks with a width > 0.5mm on the base surface. Then, use a combination of explosion-proof dehumidifier and axial flow fan to force dehumidify the base surface until the moisture content of the base surface is ≤ 8%. Next, in areas with severe water accumulation, lay a 1.8mm thick modified PVC waterproof membrane on the base surface with an overlap width ≥ 10cm to complete the base pretreatment. The preparation method of the modified PVC waterproof membrane is as follows: use PVC resin as the base material, add plasticizer dioctyl phthalate, modified calcium carbonate and antioxidant 1010, mix evenly and then extrude it through an extruder at a molding temperature of 170℃. After cooling, the modified PVC waterproof membrane is obtained. The modified calcium carbonate is treated with stearic acid surface modification. S3: Spread the dry-hard concrete mixture on the pretreated base layer with a thickness of 160mm and a loose-lay coefficient of 1.1. Then, use an immersion-type explosion-proof vibrator to vibrate it with a vibration spacing of ≤30cm until the concrete surface is covered with slurry and no air bubbles emerge. Then, use a plate vibrator to level it. Next, 25 minutes before the initial setting of the concrete, use an explosion-proof power trowel to perform rough and fine troweling in sequence to make the road surface flat and dense. S4: When the concrete surface shows no obvious indentation when pressed with a finger and the surface strength is ≥1.2MPa, uniformly spray the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent at a rate of 0.3kg / ㎡. If the concrete surface absorbs the agent too quickly, re-spray after 30 minutes until the concrete surface no longer absorbs the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent. Wipe away any excess modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent. Immediately turn on the explosion-proof dehumidifier and axial flow fan for forced dehumidification curing, controlling the relative humidity of the construction area to ≤60%, and the curing time to ≥6 hours. When the concrete strength is ≥10MPa, use 2... The concrete surface is lightly ground with a 00-mesh angle grinder to remove laitance and imperfections. After dust removal, the surface is wiped with anhydrous ethanol, and then a modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent is evenly sprayed. The spraying amount is 0.18 kg / m², and it is sprayed twice with an interval of 30 minutes. Forced dehumidification curing adopts a zoned circulation dehumidification mode. The length of each dehumidification zone is 6m, and the air velocity at the dehumidifier outlet is controlled at 3m / s. After spraying the modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent, the temperature of the construction area is controlled at 24℃, and the ventilation velocity is 1.5m / s until the film-forming agent is completely cured. S5: 24 hours after film formation, test the surface hardness, adhesion, water absorption, and compressive strength of the road surface. When the surface Mohs hardness is ≥6, there is no peeling in the cross-cut test, the water absorption is ≤3%, and the 24-hour compressive strength is ≥25MPa, clean up the residual debris on the road surface and open the underground vehicle passage. This application focuses on the special needs of underground high-humidity concrete road surface construction. Through the innovation of modified material system and process optimization, it has achieved a synergistic improvement in scenario adaptability, construction safety, curing efficiency, and durability. It not only fills the technical gap of rapid curing and film formation of concrete road surface in underground high-humidity environment, but also avoids the safety hazards and performance defects of existing technologies in underground scenarios. It provides an efficient, stable, and safe solution for the construction of underground roadways and chambers in coal mines, metal mines, etc., and has a wider range of industrial application value.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 Example 4 This embodiment proposes a rapid curing and film-forming construction process for concrete pavement in high-humidity underground environments, including the following steps: S1: Weigh the concrete matrix raw materials and curing film-forming auxiliary materials. The weight ratio of the concrete matrix raw materials is: 35 parts modified early-strength silicate cement, 48 parts modified aggregate, 3.0 parts modified composite admixture, and 14.0 parts water. The curing film-forming auxiliary materials include 1.5 parts modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent and 1.2 parts modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent. Put the above concrete matrix raw materials into an explosion-proof mixer, dry mix for 3 minutes until uniform, then add the preset amount of water and continue mixing for 4 minutes to obtain a dry-hardened concrete mixture. The preparation method of modified early-strength silicate cement is as follows: Using 42.5 grade silicate cement clinker as the base material, add 11% (by weight) of modified admixture, mix and grind until the specific surface area reaches 480 m² / kg to obtain modified early-strength silicate cement. The modified admixture is composed of nano-silica, metakaolin, and calcined alunite in a weight ratio of 3:2:1. The nano-silica is modified with silane coupling agent KH-550 at a modification temperature of 88℃ for 2 hours. The modified aggregate is composed of crushed stone and medium sand in a weight ratio of 7:3. The aggregate has a particle size of 10 mm and a fineness modulus of 2.8 for the medium sand. The modified aggregate is prepared by soaking the crushed stone and medium sand separately in a modification treatment solution for 5 hours, then drying them at 107℃ until the moisture content is ≤1%. The modification treatment solution is a 4% (w / w) ethanol solution of silane coupling agent KH-560, with a volume ratio of ethanol to water of 4:1. The modified composite admixture is a mixture of a modified early-strength accelerator, a modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer, and a modified defoamer in a weight ratio of 5:3:1. The modified early-strength accelerator is prepared by mixing calcium chloride and sodium sulfate... Mix the components at a weight ratio of 2:1, add 13% (by weight) of nano-calcium carbonate powder, and stir in a high-speed mixer for 36 minutes at a stirring speed of 1700 r / min to obtain a modified early-strength accelerator. The modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer is prepared by mixing acrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, and polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether acrylate as monomers at a molar ratio of 3:1:2, adding 1.1% (by weight) of ammonium persulfate as an initiator, and polymerizing at 77°C for 4 hours. After the reaction, add 22% (by weight) sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH to 6.9. Add 4% by weight of nano-titanium dioxide powder to the total monomers, stir evenly to obtain the modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer. The preparation method of the modified defoamer is as follows: mix organosilicon defoamer and polyether defoamer at a weight ratio of 1:2, add 7% by weight of modified montmorillonite, stir at 86℃ for 90 minutes, cool to room temperature, and grind to a particle size ≤5μm to obtain the modified defoamer. The modified montmorillonite is modified by hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide intercalation. The preparation method of the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent is as follows: using lithium... Using silicate as the base material, 7% modified nano-silica and 4% fluorocarbon surfactant by weight were added. The mixture was stirred at 66°C for 160 minutes at a stirring speed of 900 r / min, then cooled to room temperature and cured for 12 hours to obtain a modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent. The modified nano-silica had a particle size of 35 nm and was modified with γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. The modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent was composed of component A and component B mixed in a weight ratio of 2:1. The preparation method of component A is as follows: The prepolymer was obtained by mixing polyether polyol and isophorone diisocyanate at a molar ratio of 1:2, adding 0.9% by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst, and reacting at 88°C for 4 hours. Component B was prepared by mixing modified amine curing agent and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether at a weight ratio of 4:1, adding 2% by weight of nano-zinc oxide powder, and stirring until homogeneous. The modified amine curing agent was an imidized product generated by the reaction of diethylenetriamine and maleic anhydride at a molar ratio of 1:1.2. S2: Clean the floating slag, silt and debris from the underground construction base surface. After washing it clean with a high-pressure water gun, use epoxy mortar to fill cracks with a width > 0.5mm on the base surface. Then, use a combination of explosion-proof dehumidifier and axial flow fan to force dehumidify the base surface until the moisture content of the base surface is ≤ 8%. Next, in areas with severe water accumulation, lay a 1.8mm thick modified PVC waterproof membrane on the base surface with an overlap width ≥ 10cm to complete the base pretreatment. The preparation method of the modified PVC waterproof membrane is as follows: use PVC resin as the base material, add plasticizer dioctyl phthalate, modified calcium carbonate and antioxidant 1010, mix evenly and then extrude it through an extruder at a molding temperature of 170℃. After cooling, the modified PVC waterproof membrane is obtained. The modified calcium carbonate is treated with stearic acid surface modification. S3: Spread the dry-hard concrete mixture on the pretreated base layer with a thickness of 160mm and a loose-lay coefficient of 1.1. Then, use an immersion-type explosion-proof vibrator to vibrate it with a vibration spacing of ≤30cm until the concrete surface is covered with slurry and no air bubbles emerge. Then, use a plate vibrator to level it. Next, 25 minutes before the initial setting of the concrete, use an explosion-proof power trowel to perform rough and fine troweling in sequence to make the road surface flat and dense. S4: When the concrete surface shows no obvious indentation when pressed with a finger and the surface strength is ≥1.2MPa, uniformly spray the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent at a rate of 0.3kg / ㎡. If the concrete surface absorbs the agent too quickly, re-spray after 30 minutes until the concrete surface no longer absorbs the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent. Wipe away any excess modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent. Immediately turn on the explosion-proof dehumidifier and axial flow fan for forced dehumidification curing, controlling the relative humidity of the construction area to ≤60%, and the curing time to ≥6 hours. When the concrete strength is ≥10MPa, use 2... The concrete surface is lightly ground with a 00-mesh angle grinder to remove laitance and imperfections. After dust removal, the surface is wiped with anhydrous ethanol, and then a modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent is evenly sprayed. The spraying amount is 0.18 kg / m², and it is sprayed twice with an interval of 30 minutes. Forced dehumidification curing adopts a zoned circulation dehumidification mode. The length of each dehumidification zone is 6m, and the air velocity at the dehumidifier outlet is controlled at 3m / s. After spraying the modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent, the temperature of the construction area is controlled at 24℃, and the ventilation velocity is 1.5m / s until the film-forming agent is completely cured. S5: 24 hours after film formation, test the surface hardness, adhesion, water absorption, and compressive strength of the road surface. When the surface Mohs hardness is ≥6, there is no peeling in the cross-cut test, the water absorption is ≤3%, and the 24-hour compressive strength is ≥25MPa, clean up the residual debris on the road surface and open the underground vehicle passage. This application focuses on the special needs of underground high-humidity concrete road surface construction. Through the innovation of modified material system and process optimization, it has achieved a synergistic improvement in scenario adaptability, construction safety, curing efficiency, and durability. It not only fills the technical gap of rapid curing and film formation of concrete road surface in underground high-humidity environment, but also avoids the safety hazards and performance defects of existing technologies in underground scenarios. It provides an efficient, stable, and safe solution for the construction of underground roadways and chambers in coal mines, metal mines, etc., and has a wider range of industrial application value.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 Example 5 This embodiment proposes a rapid curing and film-forming construction process for concrete pavement in high-humidity underground environments, including the following steps: S1: Weigh the concrete matrix raw materials and curing film-forming auxiliary materials. The weight ratio of the concrete matrix raw materials is: 34 parts modified early-strength silicate cement, 50 parts modified aggregate, 3.0 parts modified composite admixture, and 13.0 parts water. The curing film-forming auxiliary materials include 1.5 parts modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent and 1.2 parts modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent. Put the above concrete matrix raw materials into an explosion-proof mixer, dry mix for 3 minutes until uniformly mixed, then add the preset amount of water and continue mixing for 4 minutes to obtain a dry-hardened concrete mixture. The preparation method of modified early-strength silicate cement is as follows: Using 42.5 grade silicate cement clinker as the base material, add 11% (by weight) of modified admixture, mix and grind until the specific surface area reaches 480 m² / kg to obtain modified early-strength silicate cement. The modified admixture is composed of nano-silica, metakaolin, and calcined alunite in a weight ratio of 3:2:1. The nano-silica is modified with silane coupling agent KH-550 at a modification temperature of 88℃ for 2 hours. The modified aggregate is composed of crushed stone and medium sand in a weight ratio of 7:3. The aggregate has a particle size of 10 mm and a fineness modulus of 2.8 for the medium sand. The modified aggregate is prepared by soaking the crushed stone and medium sand separately in a modification treatment solution for 5 hours, then drying them at 107℃ until the moisture content is ≤1%. The modification treatment solution is a 4% (w / w) ethanol solution of silane coupling agent KH-560, with a volume ratio of ethanol to water of 4:1. The modified composite admixture is a mixture of a modified early-strength accelerator, a modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer, and a modified defoamer in a weight ratio of 5:3:1. The modified early-strength accelerator is prepared by mixing calcium chloride and sodium sulfate... Mix the components at a weight ratio of 2:1, add 13% (by weight) of nano-calcium carbonate powder, and stir in a high-speed mixer for 36 minutes at a stirring speed of 1700 r / min to obtain a modified early-strength accelerator. The modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer is prepared by mixing acrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, and polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether acrylate as monomers at a molar ratio of 3:1:2, adding 1.1% (by weight) of ammonium persulfate as an initiator, and polymerizing at 77°C for 4 hours. After the reaction, add 22% (by weight) sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH to 6.9. Add 4% by weight of nano-titanium dioxide powder to the total monomers, stir evenly to obtain the modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer. The preparation method of the modified defoamer is as follows: mix organosilicon defoamer and polyether defoamer at a weight ratio of 1:2, add 7% by weight of modified montmorillonite, stir at 86℃ for 90 minutes, cool to room temperature, and grind to a particle size ≤5μm to obtain the modified defoamer. The modified montmorillonite is modified by hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide intercalation. The preparation method of the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent is as follows: using lithium... Using silicate as the base material, 7% modified nano-silica and 4% fluorocarbon surfactant by weight were added. The mixture was stirred at 66°C for 160 minutes at a stirring speed of 900 r / min, then cooled to room temperature and cured for 12 hours to obtain a modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent. The modified nano-silica had a particle size of 35 nm and was modified with γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. The modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent was composed of component A and component B mixed in a weight ratio of 2:1. The preparation method of component A is as follows: The prepolymer was obtained by mixing polyether polyol and isophorone diisocyanate at a molar ratio of 1:2, adding 0.9% by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst, and reacting at 88°C for 4 hours. Component B was prepared by mixing modified amine curing agent and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether at a weight ratio of 4:1, adding 2% by weight of nano-zinc oxide powder, and stirring until homogeneous. The modified amine curing agent was an imidized product generated by the reaction of diethylenetriamine and maleic anhydride at a molar ratio of 1:1.2. S2: Clean the floating slag, silt and debris from the underground construction base surface. After washing it clean with a high-pressure water gun, use epoxy mortar to fill cracks with a width > 0.5mm on the base surface. Then, use a combination of explosion-proof dehumidifier and axial flow fan to force dehumidify the base surface until the moisture content of the base surface is ≤ 8%. Next, in areas with severe water accumulation, lay a 1.8mm thick modified PVC waterproof membrane on the base surface with an overlap width ≥ 10cm to complete the base pretreatment. The preparation method of the modified PVC waterproof membrane is as follows: use PVC resin as the base material, add plasticizer dioctyl phthalate, modified calcium carbonate and antioxidant 1010, mix evenly and then extrude it through an extruder at a molding temperature of 170℃. After cooling, the modified PVC waterproof membrane is obtained. The modified calcium carbonate is treated with stearic acid surface modification. S3: Spread the dry-hard concrete mixture on the pretreated base layer with a thickness of 160mm and a loose-lay coefficient of 1.1. Then, use an immersion-type explosion-proof vibrator to vibrate it with a vibration spacing of ≤30cm until the concrete surface is covered with slurry and no air bubbles emerge. Then, use a plate vibrator to level it. Next, 25 minutes before the initial setting of the concrete, use an explosion-proof power trowel to perform rough and fine troweling in sequence to make the road surface flat and dense. S4: When the concrete surface shows no obvious indentation when pressed with a finger and the surface strength is ≥1.2MPa, uniformly spray the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent at a rate of 0.3kg / ㎡. If the concrete surface absorbs the agent too quickly, re-spray after 30 minutes until the concrete surface no longer absorbs the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent. Wipe away any excess modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent. Immediately turn on the explosion-proof dehumidifier and axial flow fan for forced dehumidification curing, controlling the relative humidity of the construction area to ≤60%, and the curing time to ≥6 hours. When the concrete strength is ≥10MPa, use 2... The concrete surface is lightly ground with a 00-mesh angle grinder to remove laitance and imperfections. After dust removal, the surface is wiped with anhydrous ethanol, and then a modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent is evenly sprayed. The spraying amount is 0.18 kg / m², and it is sprayed twice with an interval of 30 minutes. Forced dehumidification curing adopts a zoned circulation dehumidification mode. The length of each dehumidification zone is 6m, and the air velocity at the dehumidifier outlet is controlled at 3m / s. After spraying the modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent, the temperature of the construction area is controlled at 24℃, and the ventilation velocity is 1.5m / s until the film-forming agent is completely cured. S5: 24 hours after film formation, test the surface hardness, adhesion, water absorption, and compressive strength of the road surface. When the surface Mohs hardness is ≥6, there is no peeling in the cross-cut test, the water absorption is ≤3%, and the 24-hour compressive strength is ≥25MPa, clean up the residual debris on the road surface and open the underground vehicle passage. This application focuses on the special needs of underground high-humidity concrete road surface construction. Through the innovation of modified material system and process optimization, it has achieved a synergistic improvement in scenario adaptability, construction safety, curing efficiency, and durability. It not only fills the technical gap of rapid curing and film formation of concrete road surface in underground high-humidity environment, but also avoids the safety hazards and performance defects of existing technologies in underground scenarios. It provides an efficient, stable, and safe solution for the construction of underground roadways and chambers in coal mines, metal mines, etc., and has a wider range of industrial application value.

[0023] The concrete pavements prepared in Examples 1 to 5 are compared with conventional concrete pavements. The concrete pavements prepared in Examples 1 to 5 are shown in the table below:

[0024] Evaluation grades (A-Excellent; B-Good; C-Average; D-Poor) As can be seen from the table above, the concrete pavement prepared by this invention has significantly improved adaptability, construction safety, curing efficiency, and durability.

[0025] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid curing and film-forming construction process for concrete pavement in high-humidity underground environments, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Weigh the concrete matrix raw materials and curing film-forming auxiliary materials. The weight ratio of the concrete matrix raw materials is: 32-38 parts of modified early-strength silicate cement, 45-52 parts of modified aggregate, 2.5-4.0 parts of modified composite admixture, and 10.0-15.0 parts of water. The curing film-forming auxiliary materials include 1.5 parts of modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent and 1.2 parts of modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent. Put the above concrete matrix raw materials into an explosion-proof mixer, dry mix for 2-3 minutes until uniform, then add the preset amount of water and continue mixing for 3-5 minutes to obtain a dry-hard concrete mixture. S2: Clean the floating slag, silt and debris from the construction base surface in the well. After washing it clean with a high-pressure water gun, use epoxy mortar to fill cracks in the base surface with a width > 0.5mm. Then, use a combination of explosion-proof dehumidifier and axial flow fan to force dehumidify the base surface until the moisture content of the base surface is ≤ 8%. Next, in areas with severe water accumulation, lay a 1.5-2.0mm thick modified PVC waterproof membrane on the base surface with an overlap width ≥ 10cm to complete the base pretreatment. S3: Spread the dry-hard concrete mixture on the pretreated base layer with a thickness of 100mm to 200mm and a loose-lay coefficient of 1.1 to 1.

2. Then, use an immersion-type explosion-proof vibrator to vibrate it with a vibration spacing of ≤30cm until the concrete surface is covered with slurry and no air bubbles emerge. Then, use a plate vibrator to level it. Next, 20 to 30 minutes before the initial setting of the concrete, use an explosion-proof power trowel to perform rough troweling and fine troweling in sequence to make the road surface flat and dense. S4: When the concrete surface shows no obvious indentation when pressed with a finger and the surface strength is ≥1.2MPa, uniformly spray the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent at a rate of 0.2kg / ㎡~0.3kg / ㎡. If the concrete surface absorbs the agent too quickly, re-spray after 30 minutes until the concrete surface no longer absorbs the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent. Wipe away any excess modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent. Then turn on the explosion-proof dehumidifier and axial flow fan for forced dehumidification curing, controlling the relative humidity of the construction area to ≤60% and the curing time to ≥6h. When the concrete strength is ≥10MPa, use a 200-grit angle grinder to lightly grind the concrete surface to remove laitance and imperfections. After cleaning the dust, wipe the surface with anhydrous ethanol, and then uniformly spray the modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent at a rate of 0.15kg / ㎡~0.2kg / ㎡, in two applications with a 30-minute interval. S5: 24 hours after film formation, test the surface hardness, adhesion, water absorption and compressive strength of the road surface. When the surface Mohs hardness is ≥6, there is no peeling in the cross-cut test, the water absorption is ≤3% and the 24-hour compressive strength is ≥25MPa, clean up the residual debris on the road surface and open the well for vehicle traffic.

2. The rapid curing and film-forming construction process for concrete pavement in high-humidity environments underground, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... In S1, the modified early-strength silicate cement is prepared as follows: using 42.5 grade silicate cement clinker as the base material, 8% to 12% of the base material weight of the modified admixture is added, and the mixture is ground until the specific surface area is 450 m² / kg to 500 m² / kg to obtain the modified early-strength silicate cement. The modified admixture is composed of nano-silica, metakaolin and calcined alum stone mixed in a weight ratio of 3:2:

1. The nano-silica is modified by silane coupling agent KH-550 at a modification temperature of 80℃ to 90℃ for 2 to 3 hours.

3. The rapid curing and film-forming construction process for concrete pavement in high-humidity environments underground, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... In step S1, the modified aggregate is a mixture of crushed stone and medium sand in a weight ratio of 7:3, wherein the crushed stone has a particle size of 5 mm to 20 mm and the medium sand has a fineness modulus of 2.6 to 3.

0. The modified aggregate is prepared by soaking the crushed stone and medium sand in a modification treatment solution for 4 to 6 hours, then drying them at 105℃ to 110℃ until the moisture content is ≤1%. The modification treatment solution is a silane coupling agent KH-560 ethanol solution with a mass fraction of 3% to 5%, wherein the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 4:

1.

4. The rapid curing and film-forming construction process for concrete pavement in high-humidity environments underground, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... In S1, the modified composite admixture is a mixture of modified early-strength accelerator, modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer and modified defoamer in a weight ratio of 5:3:

1. The modified early-strength accelerator is prepared by mixing calcium chloride and sodium sulfate in a weight ratio of 2:1, adding 10% to 15% of nano-calcium carbonate powder by weight of the mixture, and stirring in a high-speed mixer for 30 to 40 minutes at a stirring speed of 1500 r / min to 2000 r / min to obtain the modified early-strength accelerator.

5. The rapid curing and film-forming construction process for concrete pavement in high-humidity environments underground, as described in claim 4, is characterized in that... The modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer is prepared as follows: acrylic acid, methyl methacrylate and polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether acrylate are mixed in a molar ratio of 3:1:2, and 0.8% to 1.2% of ammonium persulfate as an initiator is added. The polymerization reaction is carried out at 70℃ to 80℃ for 4 to 5 hours. After the reaction is completed, 20% to 25% sodium hydroxide solution is added to adjust the pH value to 6.5 to 7.

5. Then, 3% to 5% of nano titanium dioxide powder is added and stirred evenly to obtain the modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

6. The rapid curing and film-forming construction process for concrete pavement in high-humidity environments underground, as described in claim 4, is characterized in that... The modified defoamer is prepared by mixing organosilicon defoamer and polyether defoamer at a weight ratio of 1:2, adding 5% to 8% of modified montmorillonite by weight of the mixture, stirring at 80°C to 90°C for 60 to 120 minutes, cooling to room temperature, and grinding to a particle size ≤ 5 μm to obtain the modified defoamer. The modified montmorillonite is modified by hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide intercalation.

7. The rapid curing and film-forming construction process for concrete pavement in high-humidity environments underground, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... In S1, the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent is prepared by: using lithium silicate as a base material, adding 5% to 8% of modified nano-silica and 3% to 5% of fluorocarbon surfactant by weight of the base material, stirring at 60°C to 70°C for 120 to 180 minutes at a stirring speed of 800 r / min to 1000 r / min, cooling to room temperature and curing for 12 hours to obtain the modified lithium-based penetrating curing agent, wherein the particle size of the modified nano-silica is 20 nm to 50 nm, and it is modified by γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

8. The rapid curing and film-forming construction process for concrete pavement in high-humidity environments underground, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... In S1, the modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent is composed of component A and component B mixed at a weight ratio of 2:

1. Component A is prepared by mixing polyether polyol and isophorone diisocyanate at a molar ratio of 1:2, adding 0.5% to 1% of dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst by weight of the mixture, and reacting at 80°C to 90°C for 3 to 4 hours to obtain a prepolymer. Component B is prepared by mixing modified amine curing agent and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether at a weight ratio of 4:1, adding 2% to 3% of nano zinc oxide powder by weight of the total weight of component B, and stirring until homogeneous to obtain component B. The modified amine curing agent is an imidized product generated by the reaction of diethylenetriamine and maleic anhydride at a molar ratio of 1:1.

2.

9. The rapid curing and film-forming construction process for concrete pavement in high-humidity environments underground, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... In S2, the modified PVC waterproof membrane is prepared by: using PVC resin as the base material, adding plasticizer dioctyl phthalate, modified calcium carbonate and antioxidant 1010, mixing evenly and then extruding it through an extruder at a molding temperature of 160℃~180℃, and obtaining the modified PVC waterproof membrane after cooling. The modified calcium carbonate is subjected to stearic acid surface modification treatment.

10. The rapid curing and film-forming construction process for concrete pavement in high-humidity environments underground, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... In S4, the forced dehumidification curing adopts a zoned circulation dehumidification mode, with each dehumidification zone being 5m to 8m long and the air velocity at the dehumidifier outlet being controlled at 2m / s to 3m / s. After spraying the modified two-component polyurethane film-forming agent, the temperature of the construction area is controlled at 15℃ to 25℃ and the ventilation velocity is controlled at 1m / s to 1.5m / s until the film-forming agent is completely cured.

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