A plant greenery degradable ecological retaining wall system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of mountain protection technology and discloses a biodegradable ecological retaining wall system for planting and greening. The system includes a geotextile filter layer, a structural safety layer, a biodegradable layer, and a greenable surface layer, arranged sequentially from the back slope outwards. A drainage system can also be added according to the mountain's rainfall and water accumulation conditions. The structural safety layer includes a steel frame, triangular supports, support rods, wire mesh, and filling stones. The biodegradable layer is composed of biodegradable geotextile and nutrients such as wood fibers. The biodegradable surface layer is an important component of the greenable surface layer. This invention is suitable for variable foundations with slopes ≤73° and unlimited height, where the back slope can be excavated or filled. It features convenient construction, permeability, structural stability, and long-lasting nutrients, achieving a long-term unified approach to mountain protection and restoration, and has extremely high practical value and promising prospects for promotion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mountain protection, and in particular to a biodegradable ecological retaining wall system. Background Technology

[0002] In mountain protection and ecological restoration projects, retaining wall structures are key facilities for ensuring mountain stability. Traditional retaining walls are mostly constructed using rigid materials such as concrete and bricks. Although they have a certain protective strength, they have defects such as being impermeable to water and air, which can easily lead to the accumulation of moisture inside the mountain, causing problems such as foundation deformation and cracking of the retaining wall. At the same time, traditional retaining walls cannot achieve green coverage, which damages the original ecological environment of the mountain and makes it difficult to achieve the purpose of ecological restoration.

[0003] Existing ecological retaining walls have attempted to utilize flexible materials or greenable designs, but they still suffer from several shortcomings: Firstly, the materials used in existing retaining walls generally have poor mechanical damage resistance and insufficient wear and corrosion resistance, resulting in a short service life and difficulty in maintaining long-term protective effects. Secondly, the structural design of the greenable surface layer is unreasonable, with poor stability and a lack of a mechanism to continuously provide the nutrients needed for plant growth, making the greening effect unsustainable and unable to achieve long-term restoration of the mountain ecosystem. Furthermore, existing retaining walls have stringent requirements for foundation conditions and slope gradients, and their applicability is poor under complex conditions such as variable foundations and steep slopes (approaching 70°), limiting their application scope. Therefore, this invention proposes a biodegradable ecological retaining wall system with greening properties to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a vegetation-based biodegradable ecological retaining wall system.

[0005] The biodegradable ecological retaining wall system for planting and greening provided by this invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A biodegradable ecological retaining wall system for vegetation greening includes a geotextile filter layer, a structural safety layer, a biodegradable layer, and a greenable surface layer arranged sequentially from the back slope outwards. The structural safety layer includes a steel reinforcement frame, triangular supports, support rods, wire mesh, and filling stones. The steel reinforcement frame, triangular supports, and support rods work together to form a support system. The wire mesh is fixed to the outside of the support system and encloses it to form a wire mesh structure, which is filled with filling stones. The biodegradable layer is composed of biodegradable geotextile coated with wood fibers and other nutrients. The biodegradable surface layer is the core structural layer of the greenable surface layer, which is formed by geotextile mats and vegetation mats as its framework.

[0007] Preferably, the geotextile filter layer is made of polyester long-fiber geotextile.

[0008] Preferably, the wire mesh is a hexagonal mesh made of double-twisted low-carbon steel wire, and the surface of the low-carbon steel wire is coated with a composite material modified with nylon 6 and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.

[0009] Preferably, the wire mesh structures are spliced ​​together to form different specifications, and after the filling stones are filled into the wire mesh structures, the wire mesh structures are assembled as a whole in a specific way to form a continuous structural safety layer.

[0010] Preferably, the drainage system includes drainage pipes installed parallel to the mountain and water collection pipes installed perpendicular to the mountain, and the drainage system is selectively added according to the mountain's water volume and rainfall.

[0011] Preferably, the biodegradable geotextile is made of biodegradable material, and the wood fiber is mixed with other nutrient components in a certain proportion, and then completely covered by the biodegradable geotextile to form a biodegradable layer.

[0012] Preferably, the steel reinforcement cage is a welded structure that works in conjunction with the triangular bracket and support rod to provide stable support for the wire mesh and filling stones.

[0013] Preferably, it is suitable for variable foundations with a slope of ≤73° and no height limit, and for mountains with back slopes that are either excavated or filled.

[0014] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0015] Stable structure and wide applicability: The structure forms a multi-layered safety layer with steel reinforcement, support rods, wire mesh coated with modified composite materials, and filling stones. It has excellent mechanical strength, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and can maintain the stability of the retaining wall for a long time. It is also suitable for variable foundations with slope ≤73° and unlimited height. It can be adapted to both back slope excavation and filling conditions, breaking through the stringent requirements of traditional retaining walls on foundation and slope.

[0016] Excellent ecological properties and long-lasting greening effect: The geotextile filter layer and the greenable surface layer enable the retaining wall to be permeable to water and air, avoiding the accumulation of water inside the mountain and causing structural problems; the biodegradable layer is composed of biodegradable geotextile wrapped with wood fiber and other nutrients, which not only eliminates the risk of environmental pollution, but also provides nutrients for plant growth. Combined with a reasonable greenable surface layer structure design, it achieves a long-term unity of mountain protection and ecological greening restoration. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure of an embodiment of the invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the invention.

[0019] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the surface layer structure of an embodiment of the invention.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Biodegradable geotextile; 2. Wood fiber; 3. Biodegradable surface layer; 4. Reinforcing steel skeleton; 5. Triangular bracket; 6. Support rod; 7. Wire mesh; 8. Filling boulders; 9. Geotextile reverse filter. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 3 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0022] Example 1:

[0023] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 3 This document describes the specific construction and structural layout method of a biodegradable ecological retaining wall system. The system consists of nine layers of geotextile filter, a structural safety layer, a biodegradable layer, and a greenable surface layer, laid outwards from the back slope. A drainage system can be selectively added based on the actual rainfall and water accumulation conditions of the mountain. The specific layout and construction steps for each structural layer are as follows:

[0024] Back slope foundation treatment: First, the back slope of the mountain is comprehensively repaired, leveled and compacted. Remove loose soil, gravel and debris from the back slope surface to ensure that the back slope surface is flat and the foundation is solid. If the back slope is excavated or filled, the foundation needs to be reinforced by grouting, replacement and other methods to ensure the foundation stability of subsequent structural layers and meet the construction requirements of variable foundations with slope ≤73° and unlimited height.

[0025] Laying of wire mesh 7: The machine-woven hexagonal double-twisted wire mesh 7 is attached to the treated back slope side for overall laying. This wire mesh 7 is a hexagonal mesh sheet made of low carbon steel wire double-twisted. The surface of the low carbon steel wire is coated with nylon 6 and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene modified composite material, which has excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance and mechanical damage resistance. During laying, the wire mesh 7 is bent down 30-50cm at the bottom edge of the back slope, so that the bent section is closely attached to the ground and fixed with anchor nails to ensure the fit between the wire mesh 7 and the back slope and the ground, without hollow or curling edges, laying the foundation for the subsequent formation of the wire mesh cage structure.

[0026] The biodegradable geotextile 1 and wood fiber 2 are laid together, and the biodegradable surface layer 3 is formed: On the inner side of the slope where the wire mesh 7 is attached, the biodegradable geotextile 1 is first laid. The biodegradable geotextile 1 is made of biodegradable material and has good wrapping and slow-release properties. Then, the wood fiber 2 is mixed evenly with humus and slow-release fertilizer at a mass ratio of 5:3:2 as a nutrient component and evenly laid on the inner side of the biodegradable geotextile 1. The biodegradable geotextile 1 completely covers the mixed nutrient component to form a biodegradable layer with a thickness controlled at 10cm. With this biodegradable layer as the core, a greening base structure with geomat and vegetation mat as the skeleton is attached to the outside, which together form the biodegradable surface layer 3. The biodegradable surface layer 3 is the core structural layer of the greening surface layer, providing a basic carrier and initial nutrition for subsequent plant growth.

[0027] A support system is constructed using a steel reinforcement frame 4, triangular supports 5, and support rods 6: A structural safety layer support system is built behind the biodegradable surface layer 3. First, steel reinforcement is cut and welded into a mesh-like steel reinforcement frame 4. The mesh size of the steel reinforcement frame 4 is adjusted according to the slope and retaining wall height, and it is laid out against the back of the biodegradable surface layer 3. Then, triangular supports 5 and inclined support rods 6 are welded to the back of the steel reinforcement frame 4. The triangular supports 5 are distributed in an equilateral triangular structure, and the support rods 6 are set at a 45-60° angle to the back slope base. The other ends of both are firmly fixed to the reinforced back slope base. Through the synergistic effect of the steel reinforcement frame 4, triangular supports 5, and support rods 6, a stable triangular support system is formed, ensuring a tight fit between the biodegradable surface layer 3, the wire mesh 7, and the back slope, thus ensuring the overall structural stability.

[0028] Filling with 8 boulders and forming the structural safety layer: After the support system is built, the wire mesh 7, supported by the steel frame 4, triangular brackets 5, and support rods 6, encloses several wire mesh structures. According to construction requirements, each wire mesh structure can be spliced ​​into different specifications using the wire mesh 7. On the back of the steel frame 4, the boulders 8 are layered inside the wire mesh structure. During the filling process, the boulders are compacted layer by layer to ensure that the boulders 8 fit tightly with the wire mesh structure without gaps or looseness. The side of the boulders 8 facing outward is also trimmed into a flat plane. The wire mesh structures of each specification are assembled as a whole using buckles and wire binding to form a continuous and complete structural safety layer. This structural safety layer has excellent mechanical strength and impact resistance, and can effectively resist the impact of external forces on the mountain slope.

[0029] Nine-layer geotextile filter: Nine layers of geotextile filter are laid on the outside of the flat plane structure formed by the filling 8 stones. The nine-layer geotextile filter is made of polyester long fiber geotextile, which has good water permeability and filtration performance. The laying method is used for construction, and the overlap width is not less than 20cm to ensure that the nine-layer geotextile filter is undamaged and tightly overlapped. It can realize the water permeability and filtration function of the retaining wall, timely drain the water inside the mountain, and avoid the problems of foundation deformation and retaining wall cracking caused by water accumulation.

[0030] Drainage system addition: In response to the mountain conditions with high rainfall and large water accumulation, a drainage system is added between the 9 layers of geotextile filter and the structural safety layer, and between the structural safety layer and the biodegradable layer. The system consists of drainage pipes installed parallel to the mountain and water collection pipes installed perpendicular to the mountain. The drainage pipes and water collection pipes are interconnected. The water collection pipes penetrate deep into the mountain to collect accumulated water, while the drainage pipes guide the accumulated water to the external drainage system of the mountain, so as to drain the accumulated water inside the mountain in a timely manner and further improve the structural stability of the retaining wall.

[0031] Overall construction of the greenable surface layer: On the outside of the biodegradable surface layer 3, nutrient soil is laid and suitable herbaceous and shrub seeds are sown, using geotextile mats and vegetation mats as the framework, to form a complete greenable surface layer. The greenable surface layer is closely attached to the biodegradable surface layer 3. Relying on the nutrient components such as wood fiber 2 covered by biodegradable geotextile 1, it continuously provides nutrients for plant growth. Biodegradable geotextile 1 can gradually degrade with plant growth, without causing environmental pollution, and achieve long-term greening effect.

[0032] The biodegradable ecological retaining wall system constructed through the above steps works synergistically among its structural layers to form a stable structure with multiple layers of protection, while also creating a flexible ecological foundation that is permeable and breathable. The biodegradable geotextile 1 and wood fiber 2 provide a long-lasting and pollution-free nutrient supply for plant growth, while the wire mesh 7 and filling stones 8 ensure the structural strength of the retaining wall. The geotextile filter layer 9 and the drainage system enable the rational drainage of water, ultimately forming a safe, nutritious, and greenable long-term mechanism for mountain protection and ecological restoration. This effectively overcomes the shortcomings of traditional retaining walls, such as being impermeable, not breathable, and unable to be greened, as well as the poor performance of existing ecological retaining wall materials, insufficient nutrient supply for greening, and poor structural stability.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0034] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A biodegradable ecological retaining wall system for planting and greening, characterized in that, The structure includes a geotextile filter layer (9), a structural safety layer, a biodegradable layer, and a greenable surface layer arranged sequentially from the back slope outwards. The structural safety layer includes a steel reinforcement frame (4), a triangular bracket (5), a support rod (6), a wire mesh (7), and filling stones (8). The steel reinforcement frame (4), triangular bracket (5), and support rod (6) work together to form a support system. The wire mesh (7) is fixed to the outside of the support system and encloses it to form a wire mesh structure. The wire mesh structure is filled with filling stones (8). The biodegradable layer is composed of biodegradable geotextile (1) covered with wood fiber (2) and other nutrients. The biodegradable surface layer (3) is the core structural layer of the greenable surface layer. The greenable surface layer is formed with geotextile mats and vegetation mats as the framework.

2. The vegetation-based biodegradable ecological retaining wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The geotextile filter layer (9) is made of polyester long fiber geotextile.

3. The vegetation-based biodegradable ecological retaining wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire mesh (7) is a hexagonal mesh made of double-twisted low-carbon steel wire, and the surface of the low-carbon steel wire is covered with nylon 6 and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene modified composite material.

4. The vegetation-based biodegradable ecological retaining wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire mesh structures are spliced ​​together to form different specifications. After the filling stones (8) are filled into the wire mesh structures, each wire mesh structure is assembled as a whole in a specific way to form a continuous structural safety layer.

5. The vegetation-based biodegradable ecological retaining wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage system includes drainage pipes installed parallel to the mountain and water collection pipes installed perpendicular to the mountain. The drainage system can be selectively added according to the mountain's water volume and rainfall.

6. The vegetation-based biodegradable ecological retaining wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biodegradable geotextile (1) is made of biodegradable material. The wood fiber (2) is mixed with other nutrient components in a certain proportion and then completely covered by the biodegradable geotextile (1) to form a biodegradable layer.

7. The vegetation-based biodegradable ecological retaining wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel reinforcement frame (4) is a welded structure that works in conjunction with the triangular bracket (5) and the support rod (6) to provide stable support for the wire mesh (7) and the filling stones (8).

8. The vegetation-based biodegradable ecological retaining wall system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: It is suitable for variable foundations with a slope of ≤73° and no height limit, and for mountains with back slopes that are either excavated or filled.

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