A cluster directional down-the-hole hammer drilling tool based on large-diameter relief well drilling

Abstract

This invention discloses a clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit for drilling large-diameter rescue wells. Further, it includes: a mounting body, multiple down-the-hole hammer units, multiple linear drive mechanisms, a monitoring mechanism, and a numerical control system. Each down-the-hole hammer unit is slidably mounted on the mounting body. The multiple down-the-hole hammer units are distributed circumferentially at intervals along the mounting body. Each linear drive mechanism is disposed on the mounting body. The output end of each linear drive mechanism drives and connects to its corresponding down-the-hole hammer unit. The monitoring mechanism is disposed on the mounting body, with its detection end facing the ground surface. The monitoring mechanism is used to detect the ground environment. The numerical control system is disposed on the mounting body, and its signals are connected to each linear drive mechanism and the monitoring mechanism. The numerical control system is used to control the operation of each linear drive mechanism based on the detection data from the monitoring mechanism, so as to adjust the working mode of each down-the-hole hammer unit according to the ground environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine emergency rescue and geological drilling engineering technology, and in particular to a clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill based on large-diameter rescue well drilling. Background Technology

[0002] In mine accident emergency rescue, surface drilling is one of the key means of opening up "lifelines," requiring rescue wells to have characteristics such as large diameter (usually ≥500mm), high verticality, and rapid drilling to facilitate the lowering of rescue equipment or the transport of life-saving supplies. Currently, with the increasing depth of mining and the increasing complexity of geological conditions, traditional large-diameter drilling methods face many technical bottlenecks. At present, the construction of large-diameter rescue wells mainly adopts methods such as staged reaming, combined drilling with roller cone bits, or conventional positive circulation down-the-hole hammer drilling.

[0003] In existing cluster-type down-the-hole hammer drills, the drilling units are fixed and their shape cannot be adjusted according to the usage environment, making it difficult to adapt to different crushing environments and thus affecting crushing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill for drilling large-diameter rescue wells, the shape of which can be adjusted according to the environment.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved by the following technical solution: a clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit for drilling large-diameter rescue wells, further comprising: a mounting body, multiple down-the-hole hammer units, multiple linear drive mechanisms, a monitoring mechanism, and a numerical control system;

[0006] Each of the down-the-hole hammer units can be slidably mounted on the mounting body; the plurality of down-the-hole hammer units are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the mounting body;

[0007] Each of the linear drive mechanisms is disposed on the mounting body; the output end of each linear drive mechanism is respectively connected to the corresponding down-the-hole hammer unit;

[0008] The monitoring mechanism is installed on the mounting body, with its detection end facing the ground surface; the monitoring mechanism is used to detect the ground surface environment.

[0009] The numerical control system is installed on the mounting body, and the numerical control system is signal connected to each of the linear drive mechanisms and the monitoring mechanism; the numerical control system is used to control the operation of each of the linear drive mechanisms according to the detection data of the monitoring mechanism, so as to adjust the working mode of each of the downhole hammer units according to the surface environment.

[0010] Furthermore, the mounting body includes a mounting sleeve, a limiting fitting cover, and a drive mechanism supporting cover; the mounting sleeve has an accommodating space, within which each of the down-the-hole hammer units, each of the linear drive mechanisms, the monitoring mechanism, the CNC system, the limiting fitting cover, and the drive mechanism supporting cover are located; the limiting fitting cover is mounted on the mounting sleeve and is used to support each of the down-the-hole hammer units; the drive mechanism supporting cover is mounted on the limiting fitting cover and is used to support each of the linear drive mechanisms.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom wall of the mounting sleeve has multiple main directional grooves, which are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the mounting sleeve; each down-the-hole hammer unit is slidably inserted into its corresponding main directional groove; the mounting body also includes multiple adaptive sealing mechanisms, which are respectively embedded in their corresponding main directional grooves and connected to their corresponding down-the-hole hammer units; the adaptive sealing mechanisms are used to seal the gap between the down-the-hole hammer unit and the groove wall of the main directional groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the main directional groove is provided with an installation groove; the adaptive sealing mechanism includes a sealing slider and an elastic reset member; two sealing sliders are provided, and the two sealing sliders are respectively slidably embedded at opposite ends of the installation groove; one end of each of the two sealing sliders away from the bottom wall of the groove is slidably connected to the outer wall of the downhole hammer unit; two elastic reset members are provided, and the opposite ends of the two elastic reset members respectively abut against the corresponding sealing slider and the bottom wall of the installation groove, and the elastic reset members are used to provide driving force for the sealing slider away from the bottom wall of the installation groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the down-the-hole hammer unit includes a hammer body, a driving medium input mechanism, and an impurity discharge mechanism connected sequentially along the anti-gravity direction; the driving medium input mechanism is rotatably sleeved on the end of the down-the-hole hammer unit away from the main directional groove; the impurity discharge mechanism is rotatably inserted into the driving medium input mechanism; the limiting fitting cover is provided with an exchange structure; the input end of the driving medium input mechanism and the output end of the impurity discharge mechanism are both slidably inserted into the exchange structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the switching structure is provided with a medium input port, a medium buffer cavity, a medium output port, an impurity output port, an impurity buffer cavity, and an impurity input port; the two opposite ends of the medium input port are respectively connected to the medium buffer cavity and the external environment; the input end of the driving medium input mechanism is slidably inserted into the medium output port; the two opposite ends of the impurity output port are respectively connected to the impurity buffer cavity and the external environment, and the output end of the impurity discharge mechanism is slidably inserted into the impurity input port.

[0015] Furthermore, the limiting and fitting cover is provided with multiple auxiliary guide grooves, which are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the mounting sleeve and are set in a one-to-one correspondence with each of the main guide grooves; each of the driving medium input mechanisms is located in the corresponding auxiliary guide groove.

[0016] Furthermore, the drive mechanism supporting the cover is provided with multiple secondary guide grooves, which are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the mounting sleeve and are set in a one-to-one correspondence with each of the main guide grooves; each of the impurity discharge mechanisms is slidably inserted into the corresponding secondary guide groove.

[0017] Furthermore, the down-the-hole hammer unit also includes a transmission rod and a mounting housing; one end of the transmission rod is connected to the hammer body, and the other end is rotatably inserted into the impurity discharge mechanism; the driving medium input mechanism is rotatably sleeved on the end of the transmission rod away from the impurity discharge mechanism; the mounting housing is sleeved on the transmission rod and supported by the drive mechanism support cover; the mounting housing is connected to the output end of the corresponding linear drive mechanism.

[0018] Furthermore, the mounting sleeve is provided with a lifting structure and a fixed pulley; the lifting structure is used for external mechanical lifting; the fixed pulley and the lifting structure are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the mounting sleeve.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. By setting up the monitoring mechanism to detect the surface environment in real time, and in conjunction with the CNC system and the linear drive mechanism, the shape of each down-the-hole hammer unit can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual working conditions such as surface hardness and ruggedness. This allows the drill bit to actively adapt to different fracturing environments (such as local hard rock, soft-hard interbedded layers, etc.), thereby improving its adaptability to complex surface conditions and enhancing the fracturing efficiency of the clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit based on large-diameter rescue well drilling;

[0021] 2. By independently controlling the corresponding down-the-hole hammer unit through each of the linear drive mechanisms, the CNC system can selectively concentrate the impact energy on areas requiring focused fracturing (such as surface protrusions or hard interlayers). This "on-demand" energy control method avoids the ineffective dissipation of energy in flat or already fractured areas in traditional structures, effectively improving energy utilization and rock-breaking effect;

[0022] 3. When the monitoring mechanism detects a significant slope or unevenness on the ground surface, the CNC system can control each of the linear drive mechanisms to generate different displacements, ensuring that the ends of each down-the-hole hammer unit closely conform to the irregular surface contour. This not only increases the effective impact area but also prevents energy loss and drill bit damage caused by drill bit swaying or partial suspension, improving the stability and safety of the operation. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit based on large-diameter rescue well drilling according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The image shows a cross-sectional view of a clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit for drilling large-diameter rescue wells.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The image shows a cross-sectional view of a clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit used for drilling large-diameter rescue wells.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Mounting body; 11. Mounting sleeve; 111. Accommodating space; 112. Main guide groove; 1121. Mounting groove; 12. Limiting and fitting cover; 121. Exchange structure; 1211. Medium input port; 1212. Medium buffer chamber; 1213. Medium output port; 1214. Impurity output port; 1215. Impurity buffer chamber; 1216. Impurity input port; 122. Auxiliary guide groove; 13. Drive mechanism supporting cover; 131. Secondary guide groove; 14. Adaptive sealing mechanism; 141. Sealing slider; 142. Elastic reset element; 15. Lifting structure; 16. Fixed pulley; 2. Down-the-hole hammer unit; 21. Hammer body; 22. Drive medium input mechanism; 23. Impurity discharge mechanism; 3. Linear drive mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0028] It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is described as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementations.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0030] See Figures 1-3 A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit for drilling large-diameter rescue wells, which preferably includes: a mounting body 1, multiple down-the-hole hammer units 2, multiple linear drive mechanisms 3, a monitoring mechanism, and a numerical control system;

[0031] Each of the down-the-hole hammer units 2 can be slidably mounted on the mounting body 1; multiple down-the-hole hammer units 2 are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the mounting body 1; each of the linear drive mechanisms 3 is disposed on the mounting body 1; the output end of each linear drive mechanism 3 drives and connects to the corresponding down-the-hole hammer unit 2. Obviously, by independently controlling the corresponding down-the-hole hammer unit 2 through each linear drive mechanism 3, the CNC system can concentrate the impact energy in a targeted manner to the area that needs to be broken.

[0032] The monitoring mechanism is installed on the mounting body 1, with its detection end facing the ground surface. The monitoring mechanism is used to detect the ground environment. The numerical control system is installed on the mounting body 1, and its signal is connected to each of the linear drive mechanisms 3 and the monitoring mechanism. The numerical control system is used to control the operation of each of the linear drive mechanisms 3 based on the detection data from the monitoring mechanism, so as to adjust the working state of each of the downhole hammer units 2 according to the ground environment. It can be understood that the monitoring mechanism may include ground ruggedness detection functions (achieved through laser ranging sensors, infrared ranging sensors, ultrasonic sensors, three-dimensional lidar, or structured light sensors, etc.) and ground hardness detection functions (achieved through penetrating micro hardness probes, spring-loaded hardness sensors, acoustic / ultrasonic hardness detection modules, or vibration-responsive hardness sensors, etc.).

[0033] During operation, the CNC system first receives surface environmental data detected by the monitoring agency. The monitoring agency's probe faces the surface, enabling it to acquire key environmental parameters in real time, such as surface hardness, ruggedness, soil type, and slope. Upon receiving this data, the CNC system analyzes and processes it in real time. Based on a preset control strategy, the CNC system determines the current surface fracturing difficulty distribution and the area requiring concentrated impact energy. Subsequently, the CNC system issues independent control commands to each of the linear drive mechanisms 3. Each linear drive mechanism 3 drives its corresponding down-the-hole hammer unit 2 to slide horizontally (radially) on the mounting body 1 according to the command. By controlling the extension or retraction length of the linear drive mechanisms 3 at different positions, the radial distribution position of each down-the-hole hammer unit 2 on the circumference of the mounting body 1 can be dynamically adjusted. When encountering hard rock veins, protrusions, or other difficult-to-break areas on the surface, the CNC system can control part of the linear drive mechanism 3 to drive the corresponding down-the-hole hammer unit 2 to move horizontally towards the radial inner or outer side of the mounting body 1, thereby changing the impact diameter of the clustered drill bit or adjusting the spacing between each down-the-hole hammer unit 2. This radial layout adjustment allows the energy of multiple down-the-hole hammer units 2 to have a superimposed and enhanced effect in a specific area, or to avoid already broken areas and concentrate on breaking unbroken areas. When encountering homogeneous or soft surfaces, the CNC system can control all the linear drive mechanisms 3 to adjust each down-the-hole hammer unit 2 to a uniformly spaced distribution to achieve balanced breaking over a large area. Through the above-mentioned real-time, dynamic radial morphology adjustment, the clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit can adaptively match different breaking environments. By setting up the monitoring mechanism to detect the surface environment in real time, and cooperating with the CNC system and the linear drive mechanism 3, the morphology of each down-the-hole hammer unit 2 can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual working conditions such as surface hardness and ruggedness. This allows the drill bit to actively adapt to different fracturing environments (such as local hard rock, soft and hard interbedded layers, etc.), thereby improving its adaptability to complex surface conditions and enhancing the fracturing efficiency of the clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit based on large-diameter rescue well drilling.

[0034] Each linear drive mechanism 3 independently controls its corresponding down-the-hole hammer unit 2, enabling the CNC system to selectively concentrate impact energy on areas requiring focused fracturing (such as surface protrusions or hard interlayers). This "on-demand" energy control method avoids the ineffective dissipation of energy in flat or already fractured areas, as is common in traditional structures, effectively improving energy utilization and rock-breaking performance.

[0035] When the monitoring mechanism detects a significant slope or unevenness on the ground surface, the CNC system can control each of the linear drive mechanisms 3 to generate different displacements, ensuring that the ends of each down-the-hole hammer unit 2 closely conform to the irregular surface contour. This not only increases the effective impact area but also prevents energy loss and drill bit damage caused by drill bit swaying or partial suspension, improving the stability and safety of the operation.

[0036] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 Preferably, the mounting body 1 includes a mounting sleeve 11, a limiting and fitting cover 12, and a drive mechanism support cover 13; the mounting sleeve 11 is provided with an accommodating space 111, in which each of the down-the-hole hammer units 2, each of the linear drive mechanisms 3, the monitoring mechanism, the CNC system, the limiting and fitting cover 12, and the drive mechanism support cover 13 are all located; the limiting and fitting cover 12 is mounted on the mounting sleeve 11, and the limiting and fitting cover 12 is used to support each of the down-the-hole hammer units 2, linear drive mechanisms 3, monitoring mechanisms, CNC systems, limiting and fitting cover 12, and drive mechanism support cover 13. Hole hammer unit 2; the drive mechanism support cover 13 is installed on the limiting and fitting cover 12, and the drive mechanism support cover 13 is used to support each of the linear drive mechanisms 3; obviously, this setting effectively reduces external exposed parts, lowers the overall radial dimension of the drill bit, making it easier to lower into large-diameter rescue wells, while enhancing the structure's impact and vibration resistance, thereby improving the adaptability of the clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit based on large-diameter rescue well drilling to complex terrain of rescue wells.

[0037] See Figure 2 and Figure 3Preferably, the bottom wall of the mounting sleeve 11 has multiple main guide grooves 112, which are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the mounting sleeve 11. Each down-the-hole hammer unit 2 is slidably inserted into the corresponding main guide groove 112. The mounting body 1 also includes multiple adaptive sealing mechanisms 14, which are respectively embedded in the corresponding main guide grooves 112 and connected to the corresponding down-the-hole hammer unit 2. The adaptive sealing mechanism 14 is used to seal the gap between the down-the-hole hammer unit 2 and the groove wall of the main guide groove 112. It can be understood that this configuration provides each down-the-hole hammer unit 2 with an independent, high-precision horizontal sliding track. This effectively restricts the degrees of freedom of the down-the-hole hammer unit 2 in the non-sliding direction, ensuring the smoothness and repeatability of the radial position adjustment process. By embedding the adaptive sealing mechanism 14 in each of the main directional grooves 112 and connecting the adaptive sealing mechanism 14 to the corresponding down-the-hole hammer unit 2, a sealing effect that dynamically adapts to the position change of the down-the-hole hammer unit 2 is achieved. Regardless of the radial position to which the down-the-hole hammer unit 2 slides, the adaptive sealing mechanism 14 can continuously seal the gap between the down-the-hole hammer unit 2 and the groove wall of the main directional groove 112, effectively preventing external impurities such as high-pressure mud, rock cuttings, dust, and coolant generated during drilling from entering the accommodating space 111 of the mounting sleeve 11. At the same time, because the adaptive sealing mechanism 14 effectively prevents the intrusion of external impurities, the linear drive mechanism 3, the monitoring mechanism, and the CNC system in the accommodating space 111 can operate in a clean working environment. This significantly reduces the risk of failures such as component wear, signal interference, circuit short circuits, and motion jamming caused by impurities, greatly improving the working reliability and service life of the drill bit under harsh working conditions such as deep wells, high water pressure, and high abrasion, thereby improving the adaptability of the clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit based on large-diameter rescue well drilling to complex terrain of rescue wells.

[0038] See Figure 2 and Figure 3Preferably, the main guide groove 112 is provided with a mounting groove 1121; the adaptive sealing mechanism 14 includes a sealing slider 141 (which may be made of engineering plastic, metal-based composite material, or elastomer / rubber) and an elastic reset member 142; two sealing sliders 141 are provided, and the two sealing sliders 141 are respectively slidably embedded in opposite ends of the mounting groove 1121; one end of each of the two sealing sliders 141 away from the bottom wall of the mounting groove 1121 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the downhole hammer unit 2; two elastic reset members 142 are provided, and the two elastic reset members 142 are respectively slidably embedded in opposite ends of the mounting groove 1121. The two ends of the elastic reset member 142 respectively abut against the bottom wall of the corresponding sealing slider 141 and the mounting groove 1121. The elastic reset member 142 is used to provide driving force for the sealing slider 141 to move away from the bottom wall of the mounting groove 1121. Obviously, by sliding the two sealing sliders 141 into the opposite ends of the mounting groove 1121 respectively, and cooperating with the two independently driven elastic reset members 142, the adaptive sealing mechanism 14 can achieve independent adaptive adjustment on both sides according to the actual position and posture of the downhole hammer unit 2. Regardless of which side the down-the-hole hammer unit 2 is biased towards within the main guide groove 112, both sealing sliders 141 can independently extend or retract under the drive of the corresponding elastic reset member 142, always maintaining a tight fit with the outer wall of the down-the-hole hammer unit 2, thus achieving true dynamic, bidirectional sealing. Simultaneously, when the sealing slider 141 or the elastic reset member 142 fails due to long-term use, only the corresponding sealing slider 141 needs to be removed from the mounting groove 1121 for replacement, without disassembling the entire main guide groove 112 or the down-the-hole hammer unit 2. This modular design reduces the difficulty and time cost of on-site maintenance and improves the continuous operation capability of the drilling tool.

[0039] See Figure 2 and Figure 3Preferably, the down-the-hole hammer unit 2 includes a hammer body 21, a driving medium input mechanism 22, and an impurity discharge mechanism 23 connected sequentially along the anti-gravity direction; the driving medium input mechanism 22 is rotatably sleeved on one end of the down-the-hole hammer unit 2 away from the main directional groove 112; the impurity discharge mechanism 23 is rotatably inserted into the driving medium input mechanism 22; the limiting fitting cover 12 is provided with an exchange structure 121; the input end of the driving medium input mechanism 22 and the output end of the impurity discharge mechanism 23 are both slidably inserted into the exchange structure 121; it can be understood that by... The input end of the driving medium input mechanism 22 is slidably inserted into the exchange structure 121 of the limiting fitting cover 12. No matter where the down-the-hole hammer unit 2 slides radially under the drive of the linear drive mechanism 3, the high-pressure driving medium can be continuously and stably delivered to the hammer body 21 through the exchange structure 121. This ensures that the down-the-hole hammer unit 2 does not stop or lose power during the dynamic adjustment of its working state, thus realizing continuous operation capability and improving the adaptability of the clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill tool based on large-diameter rescue well drilling to complex terrain of rescue wells.

[0040] See Figure 2 and Figure 3Preferably, the exchange structure 121 is provided with a medium input port 1211, a medium buffer cavity 1212, a medium output port 1213, an impurity output port 1214, an impurity buffer cavity 1215, and an impurity input port 1216; the two ends of the medium input port 1211 are respectively connected to the medium buffer cavity 1212 and the external environment; the input end of the driving medium input mechanism 22 is slidably inserted into the medium output port 1213; the two ends of the impurity output port 1214 are respectively connected to the impurity buffer cavity 1215 and the external environment; and the output end of the impurity discharge mechanism 23 is slidably inserted into the impurity input port 1216; by separating the medium passage (the medium input port 1211, the medium buffer cavity 1212, and the medium output port 1213) and the impurity passage (the impurity input port 1216, the impurity buffer cavity 1215, and the impurity output port 1214) inside the exchange structure 121, cross-mixing of the high-voltage driving medium and the discharged impurities is effectively avoided. This ensures both the purity and pressure stability of the driving medium and prevents impurities from flowing back and contaminating the medium supply pipeline, thus improving the system's operational reliability. Simultaneously, because the input end is slidably connected to the medium output port 1213 and the output end is slidably connected to the impurity input port 1216, and each buffer chamber provides sufficient storage space for both medium and impurities, regardless of where the down-the-hole hammer unit 2 slides radially, the input end remains within the effective stroke range of the medium output port 1213, and the output end remains within the effective stroke range of the impurity input port 1216. This ensures that the medium supply and impurity discharge are never interrupted during the dynamic adjustment of the working state of the down-the-hole hammer unit 2, preventing the down-the-hole hammer unit 2 from obstructing medium input or impurity discharge during its movement, thereby improving the adaptability of the clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit for large-diameter rescue well drilling to complex terrain.

[0041] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 Preferably, the limiting fitting cover 12 is provided with multiple auxiliary guide grooves 122, which are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the mounting sleeve 11 and are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each of the main guide grooves 112; each of the driving medium input mechanisms 22 is located in the corresponding auxiliary guide groove 122.

[0042] See Figure 2 and Figure 3Preferably, the drive mechanism support cover 13 is provided with multiple secondary guide grooves 131, which are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the mounting sleeve 11 and are respectively arranged in correspondence with each of the main guide grooves 112; each of the impurity discharge mechanisms 23 is slidably inserted into the corresponding secondary guide groove 131; obviously, by setting the auxiliary guide grooves 122 corresponding to each of the main guide grooves 112, and placing each of the drive medium input mechanisms 22 in the corresponding auxiliary guide grooves 122, the down-the-hole hammer unit 2 obtains two independent radial constraints at the top and bottom during horizontal sliding. This dual-point guide structure effectively limits the circumferential wobble and axial tilt that the down-the-hole hammer unit 2 may produce during sliding, ensuring that the down-the-hole hammer unit 2 always maintains a vertical posture, thereby improving the accuracy of radial position adjustment and the stability of movement.

[0043] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 Preferably, the down-the-hole hammer unit 2 further includes a transmission rod and a mounting housing; one end of the transmission rod is connected to the hammer body 21, and the other end is rotatably inserted into the impurity discharge mechanism 23; the driving medium input mechanism 22 is rotatably sleeved on the end of the transmission rod away from the impurity discharge mechanism 23; the mounting housing is sleeved on the transmission rod and supported by the drive mechanism support cover 13; the mounting housing is connected to the output end of the corresponding linear drive mechanism 3; obviously, the mounting housing is responsible for bearing the horizontal driving force of the linear drive mechanism 3 and driving the whole to slide, while the transmission rod is responsible for transmitting the rotational impact power. The separation of functions and independent structure of the two means that the linear drive mechanism 3 does not need to bear the high-frequency impact vibration generated by the hammer body 21 during operation, reducing the failure risk and maintenance frequency of the linear drive mechanism 3.

[0044] See Figure 1 Preferably, the mounting sleeve 11 is provided with a lifting structure 15 and a fixed pulley 16; the lifting structure 15 is used for external machinery lifting; the fixed pulley 16 and the lifting structure 15 are distributed at intervals along the length of the mounting sleeve 11; it can be understood that, with this arrangement, the lifting structure 15 provides a dedicated lifting connection point for external machinery, avoiding the risks of instability, center of gravity shift, or disengagement caused by temporary binding or non-dedicated lifting points. The lifting structure 15 can bear the overall weight of the drill string, ensuring the safety of the clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill string based on large-diameter rescue well drilling during deep well lifting operations.

[0045] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of those different embodiments or examples.

[0046] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0047] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit for drilling large-diameter rescue wells, characterized in that, include: Mounting body (1); Multiple down-the-hole hammer units (2) are provided, each of which is slidably mounted on the mounting body (1); the multiple down-the-hole hammer units (2) are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the mounting body (1); Multiple linear drive mechanisms (3) are provided on the mounting body (1); the output end of each linear drive mechanism (3) is connected to the corresponding down-the-hole hammer unit (2). A monitoring mechanism is installed on the mounting body (1), with the detection end of the monitoring mechanism facing the ground surface; the monitoring mechanism is used to detect the ground surface environment; The numerical control system is installed on the mounting body (1) and the numerical control system is connected to each of the linear drive mechanisms (3) and the monitoring mechanism. The numerical control system is used to control the operation of each of the linear drive mechanisms (3) according to the detection data of the monitoring mechanism, so as to adjust the working mode of each of the downhole hammer units (2) according to the surface environment.

2. The clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit for drilling large-diameter rescue wells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting body (1) includes a mounting sleeve (11), a limiting fitting cover (12), and a drive mechanism support cover (13); the mounting sleeve (11) is provided with a receiving space (111), and each of the down-the-hole hammer units (2), each of the linear drive mechanisms (3), the monitoring mechanism, the CNC system, the limiting fitting cover (12), and the drive mechanism support cover (13) are all located in the receiving space (111); the limiting fitting cover (12) is installed on the mounting sleeve (11), and the limiting fitting cover (12) is used to support each of the down-the-hole hammer units (2); the drive mechanism support cover (13) is installed on the limiting fitting cover (12), and the drive mechanism support cover (13) is used to support each of the linear drive mechanisms (3).

3. A clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit for drilling large-diameter rescue wells according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom wall of the mounting sleeve (11) has multiple main guide grooves (112), which are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the mounting sleeve (11). Each down-the-hole hammer unit (2) is slidably inserted into the corresponding main guide groove (112). The mounting body (1) also includes multiple adaptive sealing mechanisms (14), which are respectively embedded in the corresponding main guide grooves (112) and connected to the corresponding down-the-hole hammer unit (2). The adaptive sealing mechanism (14) is used to seal the gap between the down-the-hole hammer unit (2) and the groove wall of the main guide groove (112).

4. A clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit for drilling large-diameter rescue wells according to claim 3, characterized in that, The main directional groove (112) is provided with an installation groove (1121); the adaptive sealing mechanism (14) includes a sealing slider (141) and an elastic reset member (142); there are two sealing sliders (141), which are slidably embedded in the opposite ends of the installation groove (1121); the ends of the two sealing sliders (141) away from the bottom wall of the groove (1121) are slidably connected to the outer wall of the downhole hammer unit (2); there are two elastic reset members (142), which are respectively abutted against the bottom wall of the corresponding sealing slider (141) and the installation groove (1121), and the elastic reset members (142) are used to provide driving force for the sealing slider (141) away from the bottom wall of the installation groove (1121).

5. A clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit for drilling large-diameter rescue wells according to claim 3, characterized in that, The down-the-hole hammer unit (2) includes a hammer body (21), a driving medium input mechanism (22), and an impurity discharge mechanism (23) connected in sequence along the anti-gravity direction; the driving medium input mechanism (22) is rotatably sleeved on the end of the down-the-hole hammer unit (2) away from the main directional groove (112); the impurity discharge mechanism (23) is rotatably inserted into the driving medium input mechanism (22); the limiting fitting cover (12) is provided with an exchange structure (121); the input end of the driving medium input mechanism (22) and the output end of the impurity discharge mechanism (23) are both slidably inserted into the exchange structure (121).

6. A clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit for drilling large-diameter rescue wells according to claim 5, characterized in that, The switching structure (121) is provided with a medium input port (1211), a medium buffer cavity (1212), a medium output port (1213), an impurity output port (1214), an impurity buffer cavity (1215), and an impurity input port (1216); the two ends of the medium input port (1211) are respectively connected to the medium buffer cavity (1212) and the external environment; the input end of the driving medium input mechanism (22) is slidably inserted into the medium output port (1213); the two ends of the impurity output port (1214) are respectively connected to the impurity buffer cavity (1215) and the external environment; and the output end of the impurity discharge mechanism (23) is slidably inserted into the impurity input port (1216).

7. A clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit for drilling large-diameter rescue wells according to claim 5, characterized in that, The limiting fitting cover (12) is provided with multiple auxiliary guide grooves (122). The multiple auxiliary guide grooves (122) are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the mounting sleeve (11) and are set in correspondence with each of the main guide grooves (112). Each of the driving medium input mechanisms (22) is located in the corresponding auxiliary guide groove (122).

8. A clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit for drilling large-diameter rescue wells according to claim 7, characterized in that, The drive mechanism support cover (13) is provided with multiple secondary guide grooves (131). The multiple secondary guide grooves (131) are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the mounting sleeve (11) and are set one-to-one with each of the main guide grooves (112). Each impurity discharge mechanism (23) is slidably inserted into the corresponding secondary guide groove (131).

9. A clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit for drilling large-diameter rescue wells according to claim 8, characterized in that, The downhole hammer unit (2) also includes a transmission rod and a mounting housing; one end of the transmission rod is connected to the hammer body (21), and the other end is rotatably inserted into the impurity discharge mechanism (23); the driving medium input mechanism (22) is rotatably sleeved on the end of the transmission rod away from the impurity discharge mechanism (23); the mounting housing is sleeved on the transmission rod and supported by the drive mechanism support cover (13); the mounting housing is connected to the output end of the corresponding linear drive mechanism (3).

10. A clustered directional down-the-hole hammer drill bit for drilling large-diameter rescue wells according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting sleeve (11) is provided with a hoisting structure (15) and a fixed pulley (16); the hoisting structure (15) is used for external mechanical hoisting; the fixed pulley (16) and the hoisting structure (15) are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the mounting sleeve (11).

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