Earth boring structure of rotary drilling rig with telescopic function

Abstract

This invention discloses a rotary drilling rig excavation structure with telescopic function, relating to the field of rotary drilling rig technology. It includes a rotary drilling rig main unit, a drill rod assembly, a quick-change interface assembly, and switchable drilling rig components and a gripping actuator. The quick-change interface assembly includes a connecting seat, a multi-stage telescopic arm, a frame, and a spring structure. The connecting seat has a connecting port and bolt holes for quick assembly and disassembly of the drilling rig component or the gripping actuator. The drilling rig component includes a motor, a drill rod, a side groove, a spherical groove, a support block, a telescopic structure, a first drive component, and a side drill block. The bottom of the drill rod has an opening and a hollowed-out support rod, forming a bidirectional soil discharge structure. This structure completes shallow and medium-depth drilling through the drilling rig component, and deep soil gripping through the gripping actuator. The multi-stage telescopic arm supplements the working depth, solving the problems of traditional drilling rigs such as poor versatility for shallow and deep drilling with a single drill bit, poor soil discharge, easy collapse of deep holes, difficulty in cleaning slag, and slow terminal switching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rotary drilling rig technology, specifically to a rotary drilling rig excavation structure with telescopic function. Background Technology

[0002] In rotary drilling rig excavation operations, the soil characteristics vary significantly at different depths and under different working conditions. Traditional rotary drilling rigs typically use a single drilling and extraction structure to complete the entire process, which has many drawbacks, resulting in low operating efficiency, insufficient safety, and poor adaptability. Therefore, it is urgent to replace the drilling and extraction structure to meet actual construction needs.

[0003] The shallow and middle soil layers have relatively uniform texture and no large debris, resulting in less drilling resistance. Although traditional single drilling structures can achieve basic drilling, the drilling range is limited, the soil removal efficiency is insufficient, and soil accumulation can easily cause the drill to get stuck. Furthermore, they cannot flexibly adapt to the needs of precision operations such as inclined drilling and hole enlargement, making it difficult to improve the efficiency of shallow and middle soil layer operations.

[0004] When the excavation depth exceeds 15 meters and enters deep soil, the deep soil is subjected to enormous formation pressure, the drilling resistance increases significantly, the drilling efficiency of traditional drilling structures drops sharply, and the deep soil is prone to collapse due to drilling disturbance, posing serious safety hazards. At the same time, the mud content is high and sediment is easy to accumulate in deep operations. Traditional drilling structures cannot achieve efficient removal of mud and sediment, requiring additional cleaning equipment, which is a complicated process.

[0005] Furthermore, the replacement of traditional rotary drilling rig terminals is cumbersome, requiring the disassembly of the drill rod assembly and its connection to the main unit, which is time-consuming and cannot quickly adapt to the switching between shallow, mid-level drilling and deep retrieval conditions. This makes it difficult to meet the multi-depth, multi-condition operational needs of various projects such as building foundation pits and roadbeds. In summary, to address the pain points of operations at different depths and under different conditions, and to improve operational efficiency, safety, and adaptability, it is urgent to change the drilling structure to enable rapid switching and collaborative operation of different terminals. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rotary drilling rig excavation structure with telescopic function to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a rotary drilling rig excavation structure with telescopic function, including a rotary drilling rig main unit, a drill rod assembly, a quick-change interface assembly, and switchable drilling rig components and a gripping execution mechanism. The quick-change interface assembly includes a connecting seat, a multi-stage telescopic arm, a frame, and a spring structure. The connecting seat has a connecting port and bolt holes for quick disassembly and assembly of the drilling rig components or the gripping execution mechanism. The drilling rig components include a motor, a drill rod, a side groove, a spherical groove, a support block, a telescopic structure, a first driving component, and a side drilling block. The drill rod has an opening and a perforated support rod at the bottom, forming a two-way soil discharge structure. Below the support plate are a first support rod, a casing, a first telescopic pipe, and a pump to achieve follow-up suction of mud. The gripping execution mechanism includes a gripper, a top seat, a second drive component, and a transmission structure. This structure completes shallow and medium-depth drilling through the drilling rig components, completes deep soil gripping through the gripping execution mechanism, and supplements the working depth through multi-stage telescopic arms. It solves the problems of poor versatility of single drill bit for shallow and deep drilling, poor soil discharge, easy collapse of deep holes, difficulty in cleaning slag, and slow terminal switching of traditional drilling rigs.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, a frame is welded between the multi-stage telescopic arm and the connecting seat, and the four corners of the frame extend outward to form reinforcing wings. A spring structure is sleeved on the outside of the multi-stage telescopic arm to achieve buffering and shock absorption during telescopic extension and drilling.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the connecting seat is a hollow cavity, and multiple bolt holes are arranged circumferentially on the connecting port. The drilling rig assembly and the gripping execution mechanism are installed independently through different bolt holes to achieve rapid switching.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, side grooves are opened on both sides of the drill rod, and spherical grooves are provided in the side grooves. The support block is installed in the spherical grooves through bearings.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the support block is connected to a telescopic structure, and the end of the telescopic structure is connected to a first driving component and a side drilling block, so as to realize lateral hole enlargement and hole wall trimming while the main drilling is being carried out.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, an opening is made at the bottom of the drill rod, and a hollow support rod composed of multiple rods is set at the top. Soil enters from the opening and is discharged upward through the hollow channel, forming a two-way soil discharge with the spiral groove on the outer wall.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, the first support rod is a hollow structure with a first telescopic tube slidably connected inside. The first telescopic tube moves synchronously with the telescopic structure, and the pump pumps in real time suck up mud and sediment through the first telescopic tube.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the gripping execution mechanism is fixed to the connection port by the mounting base, and the second driving component drives the grippers to open and close in opposite directions through the transmission structure, so as to realize the gripping of deep soil and rapid unloading of soil.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, shallow and medium-depth operations use drilling rig components for rotary cutting and bidirectional soil removal; deep-depth operations switch to a gripping execution mechanism, which works in conjunction with a multi-stage telescopic arm to perform deep gripping and prevent borehole wall collapse.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, when switching between the drilling rig assembly and the gripping execution mechanism, it is not necessary to disassemble the main body of the drill rod assembly and the quick-change interface assembly; the function switching can be completed simply by disassembling and assembling the terminal through the bolt holes.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: The present invention, by setting up a quick-change interface component and a switchable drilling rig component and a gripping execution mechanism, realizes the rapid switching of shallow, medium and deep working modes, and solves the problems of poor versatility of the single drilling structure of traditional rotary drilling rigs, easy collapse of deep holes and low working efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is the invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of region A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gripper of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connector of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drill pipe of the present invention; Figure 7 This is the invention Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram of region B in the middle; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the side groove of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Rotary drilling rig main unit; 2. Drill rod assembly; 3. Quick-change interface assembly; 4. Telescopic gripping device; 5. Connecting seat; 6. Multi-stage telescopic arm; 7. Frame; 8. Spring structure; 9. Connection port; 10. Bolt hole; 11. Housing; 12. Support plate; 13. Motor; 14. Drill rod; 15. Side groove; 16. Spherical groove; 17. Support block; 18. Telescopic structure; 19. First drive component; 20. Side drilling block; 21. Gripper; 22. Top seat; 23. Second drive component; 24. Transmission structure; 25. Mounting seat; 26. Support rod; 27. Rod body; 28. Opening; 30. First support rod; 31. Sleeve; 32. First telescopic tube; 33. Pump. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see Figure 1-8 This invention provides a technical solution: a rotary drilling rig with telescopic function, adaptable to various soil layers, such as silt, sand, clay, and moderately weathered rock, accommodating shallow, medium, and deep excavation needs. The structure is compact and easy to operate. The core components include the rotary drilling rig main unit 1, drill rod assembly 2, quick-change interface assembly 3, and gripping execution mechanism 4. These components work together to achieve efficient excavation. Specific structural details are as follows: The rotary drilling rig main unit 1, serving as the power core and supporting foundation of the entire equipment, is welded from high-strength steel. Adjustable outriggers are installed at the bottom of the rig to stabilize the machine and balance the center of gravity during operation, preventing tilting and swaying during rotary drilling. The main unit 1 integrates a hydraulic power system, an electrical control system, and an operating console. It not only provides stable power output to the entire excavation structure but also allows for the raising, lowering, and rotation angle adjustment of the drill rod assembly 2 via the mast. Operators can precisely control the operating parameters of each component, such as rotation speed, lowering depth, and extension / retraction range, through the console to adapt to different operational scenarios. The drill rod assembly 2 is installed at the front end of the main unit 1, vertically connected to the bottom of the main unit. It is composed of multiple sections of high-strength alloy drill rods, secured with high-strength bolts to ensure a fixed total length. The appropriate drill rod assembly 2 can be selected based on the preset excavation depth to meet the conventional excavation needs of shallow and medium layers. Its surface is treated with anti-corrosion and wear-resistant materials to effectively resist soil friction and mud erosion, extending its service life.

[0021] The lower end of the drill rod assembly 2 is equipped with a quick-change interface assembly 3. This assembly is the core structure for enabling rapid switching of the working terminal, aiming to solve the problem of cumbersome and time-consuming terminal replacement in traditional rotary drilling rigs, and improve operational efficiency. The quick-change interface assembly 3 includes a connecting seat 5, which is integrally cast and made of high-strength alloy steel. A multi-stage telescopic boom 6 is fixedly installed on top of it. The multi-stage telescopic boom 6 adopts a hydraulic drive mode, which can realize the synchronous extension and retraction of multiple sections. The extension stroke can be flexibly adjusted according to the operational needs, and the maximum extension can cover the depth supplementation needs of deep excavation. At the junction of the multi-stage telescopic boom 6 and the connecting seat 5, a frame 7 is welded to the outer ring. The frame 7 adopts a rectangular steel structure, with reinforcing wings extending outward at the four corners. The extended part is fixed to the side wall of the connecting seat 5 by welding, which greatly increases the connection strength between the frame 7 and the connecting seat 5 and prevents the multi-stage telescopic boom 6 from loosening or shifting during extension, retraction, and stress. The multi-stage telescopic boom 6 and the drill pipe assembly 2 are rigidly connected through customized structural components to ensure the stability of power transmission. A spring structure 8 is installed on the outer side of the lower part of the multi-stage telescopic boom 6. The spring structure 8 is made of high-temperature resistant and fatigue-resistant alloy spring, and its outer diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the frame 7, so that the spring structure 8 is positioned exactly above the frame 7. When the multi-stage telescopic boom 6 extends and retracts, the spring structure 8 can play a role in buffering and shock absorption, offsetting the impact force generated during the extension and retraction process, protecting the connection between the multi-stage telescopic boom 6 and the connecting seat 5, and reducing component wear. The frame 7 at the junction of the multi-stage telescopic boom 6 and the connecting seat 5 has reinforcing wings, which greatly enhances the connection between the two and prevents the multi-stage telescopic boom 6 from loosening when it extends, retracts, or is under stress. The setting of the spring structure 8 plays a good role in buffering and shock absorption, offsetting the impact force generated during extension, retraction, and drilling, and protecting core components such as the multi-stage telescopic boom 6 and the connecting seat 5.

[0022] The design of the quick-change interface component 3 enables the rapid disassembly and installation of the drilling rig components and the gripping actuator without disassembling the drill rod component 2 and the main unit connection. The switching process is simple and convenient, greatly reducing the time required for switching the work terminal. At the same time, the side drilling blocks 20 on both sides of the drill rod 14 work in sync with the drill rod 14 to drill, expanding the drilling range and improving the efficiency of shallow and medium-depth drilling.

[0023] The connecting seat 5 is tightly connected to the drill rod assembly 2, and a sealing gasket is set at the connection to prevent mud and dust from entering the interior and affecting the operation of the components. In the initial state, the multi-stage telescopic arm 6 is in a fully retracted state, and the spring structure 8 is in a naturally compressed state. At this time, the entire quick-change interface assembly 3 is compact and does not occupy extra working space. The bottom of the connecting seat 5 is a hollow cavity structure, and the cavity size is adapted to various types of drilling and gripping structures, which can be flexibly switched according to excavation needs. At the same time, the connecting port 9 is fixedly installed inside the connecting seat 5. The connecting port 9 adopts a cylindrical structure, and multiple bolt holes 10 are evenly arranged on its side wall, with no less than 8. The bolt holes 10 adopt standardized specifications to facilitate the installation and disassembly of components. This connecting port 9 can selectively install drilling rig components or gripping actuators through some of the bolt holes 10 to realize the switching between excavation and gripping functions.

[0024] When shallow or medium-depth soil excavation is required, the drilling rig assembly is installed at the connection port 9 through some bolt holes 10. The drilling rig assembly is the core drilling structure, including a housing 11 fixedly installed on the connection port 9. The housing 11 adopts a sealed structure and can house wiring, hydraulic lines, etc., for protection. A support plate 12 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the housing 11 by bolts. The support plate 12 is made of thickened steel plate to support the weight of the motor 13 and drill rod 14, ensuring stability during the drilling process. The motor 13 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the middle area of ​​the support plate 12. The motor 13 is a waterproof and dustproof variable frequency motor, and its output speed can be adjusted according to the soil hardness. The output end of the motor 13 faces downward and is fixedly installed on the drill rod 14 through a coupling. The drill rod 14 is coaxially connected to the motor 13 to ensure that the power of the motor 13 is efficiently transmitted to the drill rod 14, driving the drill rod 14 to rotate at high speed. Side grooves 15 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the drill rod 14. The side grooves 15 are along the drill rod 14. The groove is opened along its length and the opening is chamfered to avoid stress concentration. Symmetrical spherical grooves 16 are arranged inside the side groove 15, with a smooth transition between the spherical grooves 16 and the inner wall of the side groove 15. Support blocks 17 are installed inside the spherical grooves 16 via bearings. Support blocks 17 can rotate freely 360° around the spherical grooves 16 to adapt to different angles of auxiliary drilling needs. A telescopic structure 18 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the support block 17 via bolts. The telescopic structure 18 uses a hydraulic telescopic cylinder for precise telescopic adjustment. A first drive component 19 is fixedly installed at the end of the telescopic structure 18. The first drive component 19 uses a small hydraulic motor. A side drill block 20 is fixedly installed at the output end of the first drive component 19. The side drill block 20 is made of wear-resistant alloy material with anti-slip and wear-resistant teeth on its surface. While the drill rod 14 is rotating and drilling, the telescopic structure 18 and the first drive component 19 can assist in drilling lateral soil layers, expanding the drilling range and improving drilling efficiency.

[0025] By cooperating with the drill rod assembly 2 and the multi-stage telescopic arm 6, and combining the rapid switching between the drilling rig assembly and the gripping execution mechanism, soil excavation operations at different depths, including shallow, medium, and deep layers, can be achieved. The fixed total length of the drill rod assembly 2 meets the requirements for conventional depth excavation, while the telescopic function of the multi-stage telescopic arm 6 can supplement the depth of deep excavation. The gripper 21 is adapted to gripping deep soil, breaking the limitation of traditional rotary drilling rigs operating at a single depth and adapting to the excavation needs of various projects, such as building foundation pit excavation and roadbed excavation.

[0026] When deep soil excavation (over 15 meters) is required, the drilling rig components on connection port 9 must be disassembled, and the gripping actuator installed through the remaining bolt holes 10. The gripping actuator is adapted for gripping and clearing deep soil, solving the problems of low efficiency and easy soil collapse in deep drilling. The gripping actuator includes opposing opening and closing claws 21, symmetrically arranged with an arc-shaped structure and anti-slip protrusions on the inner wall to firmly grip the soil and prevent soil loss during the gripping process. Both claws 21 are mounted on the top seat 22 via a rotating shaft. The top seat 22 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 25. The mounting base 25... The second drive component 23 is fixedly installed on the mounting base 25 by bolts on the connection port 9. The second drive component 23 is a hydraulic cylinder, and its output end is connected to the transmission structure 24 through a pin. The transmission structure 24 is a linkage transmission mechanism, with one end connected to the second drive component 23 and the other end connected to the gripper 21 on the top seat 22. The extension and retraction of the second drive component 23 drives the transmission structure 24 to operate, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the two grippers 21 in opposite directions to realize the gripping and release of soil. The opening and closing range of the grippers 21 can be precisely adjusted by the extension and retraction of the second drive component 23 to adapt to different soil gripping needs.

[0027] Both the drill rod 14 and the gripper 21 are working terminals adapted to rotary drilling rigs. They can be quickly switched via the quick-change interface component 3, with a clear division of labor: the drill rod 14 is mainly used for shallow or medium-depth soil excavation, especially suitable for soil layers with relatively uniform texture and no large debris, enabling rapid drilling and shaping; when deep soil excavation is required, due to the high pressure and drilling resistance of deep soil, the drilling efficiency of the drill rod 14 is greatly reduced, and problems such as soil collapse and drill rod jamming are prone to occur. At this time, the drill rod 14 is replaced with the gripper 21. By opening and closing the gripper 21 to grasp the deep soil, the excavation efficiency can be effectively improved, while reducing the risk of soil collapse and ensuring the safety of deep operations.

[0028] The opposing opening and closing design of the gripper 21 can quickly grab deep soil, solving the problem of low efficiency in deep drilling and improving the overall operating efficiency of rotary drilling rigs.

[0029] The drill rod 14 has an opening 28 in the middle area at the bottom. A support rod 26 is installed on the top of the opening 28. The support rod 26 connects the drill rod 14 and the motor 13. The support rod 26 includes multiple rods 27 connected to the output end of the motor 13. Hollows are formed between the rods 27. When the drill rod 14 is rotary drilling, the soil can be discharged from the opening 28 and discharged between the rods 27. During the drilling process, part of the cut soil is discharged upward through the spiral soil discharge groove on the outer wall of the drill rod 14, and the other part enters through the bottom soil discharge opening 28 and is discharged upward through the hollow soil discharge channel of the support rod 26, forming a two-way soil discharge to avoid soil accumulation and jamming of the drill.

[0030] A first support rod 30 is installed at the bottom of the support plate 12. The first support rod 30 passes through the housing 31 set on the first drive member 19. The first support rod 30 has a hollow structure and a first telescopic tube 32 is slidably connected inside it. A pump 33 is also installed on the housing 31. The pump 33 is connected to the first telescopic tube 32 and the mud drilled by the drill rod 14 is discharged through the pump 33.

[0031] This rotary drilling rig with telescopic function has two main operating modes: shallow or medium-depth drilling mode and deep grabbing mode. The two modes can be quickly switched via quick-change interface component 3. The specific process is as follows: Equipment preparation stage: Move the rotary drilling rig main unit 1 to the working area, adjust the bottom outriggers of the machine body, fix the machine body and balance the center of gravity; select the corresponding specification of drill rod assembly 2 according to the preset excavation depth, and connect and fix the drill rod assembly 2 to the mast of the rotary drilling rig main unit 1; check the connection of each component, the tightness of the bolts, the sealing performance, and check the operating status of the hydraulic system, electrical system, motor 13, first drive component 19, and second drive component 23 to ensure that the equipment is operating normally.

[0032] Shallow or intermediate layer drilling operation: The drilling rig components are installed and fixed onto the connecting seat 5 via the bolt holes 10 of the connecting port 9, ensuring a secure connection between the housing 11, support plate 12, motor 13, and drill rod 14. At this time, the multi-stage telescopic boom 6 is in the retracted state, the spring structure 8 is in a naturally compressed state, and the quick-change interface assembly 3 is in the locked state. The operator starts the equipment via the control console of the rotary drilling rig main unit 1. The hydraulic power system provides power, which is transmitted to the drill rod assembly 2 via the mast. The drill rod assembly 2 drives the motor 13 and drill rod 14 to rotate synchronously. The motor 13 adjusts its output speed according to the soil hardness, and the drill rod 14 rotates at high speed to cut the soil layer. Simultaneously, the telescopic structure 18 and the first drive component 19 are activated. The telescopic structure 18 extends and retracts according to drilling requirements, moving the side drill block 20 to the appropriate position. The first drive component 19 drives the side drill block 20 to rotate, cooperating with the drill rod 14 to assist in drilling the lateral soil layer and expand the drilling range; the support block 17 rotates in the spherical groove 16 through the bearing, adapting to the rotation angle of the drill rod 14, ensuring that the side drill block 20 always fits the soil layer; during the drilling process, the drill rod assembly 2 continues to be lowered until it reaches the limit depth allowed by its fixed total length, completing the drilling operation at that depth; if it is necessary to deepen the drilling depth, it can be supplemented by the extension and retraction of the multi-stage telescopic arm 6. During the extension and retraction process, the spring structure 8 plays a buffering and shock-absorbing role, protecting the components from impact; after the drilling is completed, the motor 13, the first drive component 19 and the telescopic structure 18 are turned off, and the drill rod assembly 2 and the drilling rig assembly are lifted together by the mast, and the soil on the surface of the drill rod 14 and the side drill block 20 is cleaned to complete the shallow or medium layer drilling operation.

[0033] Deep Grabbing Mode Operation Flow: When deep soil excavation is required, first disassemble the drilling rig assembly from the connection port 9, clean the bolt holes 10 of the connection port 9, and ensure that there is no soil or debris residue; install the mounting base 25 of the grabbing actuator on the connection port 9 with bolts, and fix it firmly, ensuring that the grabbing claw 21, top seat 22, second drive component 23, and transmission structure 24 are properly connected. At this time, the quick-change interface assembly 3 is relocked, and the multi-stage telescopic boom 6 adjusts the telescopic amount in advance according to the deep excavation depth; start the rotary drilling rig main unit 1, and lower the drill rod assembly 2, quick-change interface assembly 3, and grabbing actuator together to the deep working position through the mast. During the lowering process, the lowering speed is precisely controlled through the control console to avoid collision with the soil layer and cause structural damage; start the second... The second drive component 23 extends and retracts, driving the transmission structure 24 to operate, which in turn controls the two grippers 21 to open and align them with the deep soil to be gripped. The second drive component 23 then extends and retracts in the opposite direction, causing the grippers 21 to close. The anti-slip protrusions on the inner wall of the grippers 21 firmly grip the soil, preventing it from falling off. After gripping, the gripping actuator is lifted to the ground via the mast. The second drive component 23 is then extended and retracted to open the grippers 21, releasing the soil and completing one deep soil gripping operation. The above steps are repeated until the deep soil excavation operation is completed. After the operation is completed, the gripping actuator is disassembled, the soil and mud on the surface of each component are cleaned, the multi-stage telescopic arm 6 is retracted to its initial state, the equipment power is turned off, and equipment maintenance is performed.

[0034] Operation switching process: Switching between shallow or medium-depth drilling mode and deep gripping mode only requires disassembling the corresponding operation terminal, drilling rig components or gripping actuator, and then installing another operation terminal, which can be fixed and locked through the bolt holes 10 of the quick-change interface component 3. The entire switching process is short and does not require disassembling the main structure of the drill rod component 2 and the quick-change interface component 3, which greatly improves operation efficiency.

[0035] In complex working conditions such as coastal silt layers, water-rich karst strata in the south, and foundation pit operations with high groundwater levels, where mud content is high, siltation is easy to occur, and sediment is difficult to remove, the core technology relies on the coordinated operation of a forced mud discharge structure and a two-way soil removal structure to achieve integrated drilling and sediment removal. The process is as follows: First, complete the installation and fixing of the drilling rig components. Connect the outlet of pump 33 to the mud sedimentation tank and purification system on the ground through a high-pressure hose. Check the sliding seal of the first support rod 30 and the first telescopic pipe 32 to ensure there are no leaks or jamming issues. Based on the mud content of the formation, preset the negative pressure power of pump 33 and the extension stroke of telescopic structure 18. Then, start the drilling operation. Drill rod 14 rotates at high speed to cut the soil layer, and the bidirectional soil discharge structure simultaneously completes the discharge of solid soil. For the high water content mud and suspended fine sediment generated by cutting water-rich formations, pump 33 is started simultaneously. Pump 33 generates a stable negative pressure, and the mud at the bottom of drill rod 14 and the cutting area of ​​side drill block 20 is discharged through the suction port of the first telescopic pipe 32. Suspended sediment is continuously sucked out and transported to the ground mud treatment system through the hollow channel of the first telescopic pipe 32, the first support rod 30, and the high-pressure hose, achieving simultaneous excavation and discharge. When the telescopic structure 18 drives the first driving component 19 to extend or retract, adjusting the hole expansion range and working area, the casing 31 moves synchronously with the first driving component 19, driving the first telescopic pipe 32 to slide synchronously within the first support rod 30, always keeping the suction port close to the cutting surface, ensuring the efficiency of mud and sediment suction, avoiding sediment accumulation at the bottom of the hole, and eliminating the need for manual adjustment of the pipeline position throughout the process. When drilling reaches the designed hole depth, the drill rod rotation is stopped, and the telescopic structure 18 is controlled to drive the suction port of the first telescopic pipe 32 to move back and forth within the hole bottom range, through the pump 33. The negative pressure suction thoroughly removes residual sediment and sludge from the bottom of the hole, eliminating the need for additional air-lift reverse circulation or sludge removal equipment. The hole formation and final cleaning are completed in one step. After confirming that the hole depth, diameter, and sediment thickness meet the design requirements, the pump 33 and drilling system are shut down, and the drill rod assembly is smoothly lifted to the ground. The pipeline and drill rod structure are cleaned to complete the entire process.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary drilling rig excavation structure with telescopic function, comprising a rotary drilling rig main unit (1), a drill rod assembly (2), a quick-change interface assembly (3), and switchable drilling rig components and a gripping execution mechanism, characterized in that, The quick-change interface assembly (3) includes a connecting seat (5), a multi-stage telescopic arm (6), a frame (7), and a spring structure (8). The connecting seat (5) has a connecting port (9) and a bolt hole (10) for quick disassembly and assembly of the drilling rig assembly or the gripping execution mechanism. The drilling rig assembly includes a motor (13), a drill rod (14), a side groove (15), a spherical groove (16), a support block (17), a telescopic structure (18), a first drive component (19), and a side drilling block (20). The bottom of the drill rod (14) is provided with an opening (28) and a support rod (26) with a hollowed-out hole, forming a two-way soil discharge structure. The support plate (12) is provided with a first support rod (30), a casing (31), a first telescopic pipe (32), and a pump (33) to realize the follow-up suction of mud. The gripping execution mechanism includes a gripper (21), a top seat (22), a second drive component (23), and a transmission structure (24).

2. The excavation structure of the rotary drilling rig with telescopic function according to claim 1, characterized in that, A frame (7) is welded between the multi-stage telescopic arm (6) and the connecting seat (5). The four corners of the frame (7) extend outward to form reinforcing wings. A spring structure (8) is sleeved on the outside of the multi-stage telescopic arm (6) to achieve buffering and shock absorption during telescopic and drilling operations.

3. The excavation structure of the rotary drilling rig with telescopic function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting seat (5) is a hollow cavity, and the connecting port (9) has multiple bolt holes (10) arranged around its perimeter. The drilling rig assembly and the gripping execution mechanism are installed independently through different bolt holes (10) to achieve rapid switching.

4. The excavation structure of the rotary drilling rig with telescopic function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drill rod (14) has side grooves (15) on both sides, and a spherical groove (16) is provided in the side groove (15). The support block (17) is installed in the spherical groove (16) by bearing.

5. The excavation structure of the rotary drilling rig with telescopic function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support block (17) is connected to the telescopic structure (18), and the end of the telescopic structure (18) is connected to the first drive component (19) and the side drilling block (20), so that the side hole expansion and hole wall trimming can be achieved at the same time as the main drilling.

6. The excavation structure of the rotary drilling rig with telescopic function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drill rod (14) has an opening (28) at the bottom and a hollow support rod (26) composed of multiple rods (27) at the top. Soil enters from the opening (28) and is discharged upward through the hollow channel, forming a two-way soil discharge with the spiral groove on the outer wall.

7. The excavation structure of the rotary drilling rig with telescopic function according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first support rod (30) is a hollow structure with a first telescopic tube (32) slidably connected inside. The first telescopic tube (32) moves synchronously with the telescopic structure (18). The pump (33) pumps mud and sediment in real time through the first telescopic tube (32).

8. The excavation structure of the rotary drilling rig with telescopic function according to claim 7, characterized in that, The gripping actuator is fixed to the connection port (9) by the mounting base (25). The second driving component (23) drives the gripper (21) to open and close in opposite directions through the transmission structure (24) to realize the gripping of deep soil and rapid unloading of soil.

9. The excavation structure of the rotary drilling rig with telescopic function according to claim 8, characterized in that, Shallow and medium-depth operations use drilling rig components for rotary cutting and bidirectional soil removal; deep-depth operations switch to a gripping actuator, which works in conjunction with a multi-stage telescopic arm (6) for deep gripping to prevent borehole wall collapse.

10. The rotary drilling rig excavation structure with telescopic function according to claim 9, characterized in that, When switching between the drilling rig assembly and the gripping execution mechanism, there is no need to disassemble the main body of the drill rod assembly (2) and the quick-change interface assembly (3). The function switching can be completed by simply disassembling and assembling the terminal through the bolt hole (10).

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