Method and device for monitoring the sand control effect of gravel packing

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a gravel packing sand prevention effect monitoring method and device. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a reflection signal received by a filling service pipe column from a to-be-monitored well; the reflection signal is a signal reflected by a gravel layer or a well wall after the to-be-monitored well emits a sound wave signal of a preset frequency range along a radial direction of a well hole and in a direction of an annular space around the service pipe column; querying a signal feature-density relationship model according to a signal feature of the reflection signal to obtain a gravel packing density of the to-be-monitored well; the signal feature-density relationship model is a mapping relationship library about the signal feature and the gravel packing density, which is generated based on experiments; and generating a gravel packing sand prevention effect monitoring result of the to-be-monitored well according to the gravel packing density, which fills the gap of the gravel packing sand prevention effect monitoring technology, realizes the monitoring and judgment of the gravel packing density outside the screen pipe, and improves the packing effect and sand prevention understanding of complex wells.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of petroleum engineering technology, specifically to a method and device for monitoring the sand control effect of gravel backfilling. Background Technology

[0002] Most offshore oilfields are loose sandstone oilfields, prone to sand production during production, affecting well productivity and downhole tool life. Offshore oilfields commonly employ gravel-packing sand control completion technology, filling the annulus between the completion screen and the formation open hole or casing with gravel. This gravel accumulation serves two purposes: filtering and blocking sand, and providing some wellbore support. However, for wells with complex conditions such as extended reach wells, highly deviated wells, and wells spanning mudstone sections, high friction, small clearances, and lack of return fluid channels result in some sections of the annulus lacking a gravel layer or having loose gravel accumulation, failing to achieve the desired sand control effect. Furthermore, the calculation of blind pipe burial height in gravel-packing operations, a crucial indicator for judging sand control effectiveness, can only be performed using simple calculations based on the amount of sand installed and the tubing volume. Considering factors such as open hole enlargement and migration losses due to formation fractures, theoretical calculations of blind pipe burial height are insufficient to assess the effectiveness of gravel-packing.

[0003] Determining the effectiveness of gravel packing is one of the most pressing issues to be addressed in offshore oilfield sand control completions. Currently, the mainstream method involves calculating packing efficiency based on the ratio of packing sand volume to annular volume, but direct downhole monitoring is lacking. When gravel packing is ineffective, the gravel will flow axially along the annular space with the produced fluid during production, significantly reducing sand control performance. If the annular packing effect could be monitored immediately after gravel packing, it would provide a basis for revising sand control design parameters for subsequent wells of the same type and also serve as a reference for identifying later sand-producing sections.

[0004] In response to the above problems and needs, one of the challenges facing sand control completion is how to directly monitor the effect of downhole gravel packing. Currently, there are no effective methods or means to achieve the above objectives. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, this application is made in order to provide a method, apparatus, computing device, computer storage medium and computer program product for monitoring the sand control effect of gravel backfilling to overcome or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0006] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a method for monitoring the sand control effect of gravel backfilling is provided, comprising: Acquire the reflected signal received by the acoustic probe sub during the process of pulling out the service tubing from the well to be monitored. The reflected signal is the acoustic signal of a preset frequency range emitted radially along the wellbore and toward the annular space around the service tubing after the acoustic probe sub starts working, and the signal after being reflected by the gravel layer or well wall. The gravel packing density of the well to be monitored is obtained by querying the signal feature-density relationship model based on the signal features of the reflected signal. The signal feature-density relationship model is a mapping relationship library between signal features and gravel packing density generated by experiments. The monitoring results of the sand control effect of gravel packing for the well to be monitored are generated based on the gravel packing density.

[0007] Furthermore, based on the signal characteristics of the reflected signal, the signal characteristic-density relationship model is queried to obtain the gravel packing density of the well to be monitored, which further includes: Match the signal characteristics of the reflected signal with the signal characteristics in the signal characteristic-density relationship model; The gravel packing density corresponding to the matched signal features is determined as the gravel packing density of the well to be monitored.

[0008] Furthermore, the methods for generating signal feature-density relationship models include: Calculate the volume of gravel to fill the annular space around the service string based on different gravel compaction densities. According to the gravel volume, fill the corresponding gravel into the annular space around the service string, emit acoustic wave signals of a preset frequency range along the radial direction of the wellbore and towards the annular space around the service string, and receive the reflected signals. A signal feature-density relationship model is established based on the signal characteristics of the reflected signal and the corresponding gravel filling density.

[0009] Furthermore, the preset frequency range is 10Hz-1000KHz.

[0010] Furthermore, the method also includes calculating the well diameter based on the time difference between the acoustic signal transmission time and the reflected signal reception time.

[0011] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a gravel backfill sand control effect monitoring device is provided, comprising: The acquisition module is used to acquire the reflected signals received by the acoustic probe sub during the process of pulling out the service tubing from the well to be monitored. The reflected signals are the acoustic signals of a preset frequency range emitted radially along the wellbore and toward the annular space around the service tubing after the acoustic probe sub starts working, and are reflected by the gravel layer or well wall. The query module is used to query the signal feature-density relationship model based on the signal characteristics of the reflected signal to obtain the gravel packing density of the well to be monitored. The signal feature-density relationship model is a mapping relationship library between signal features and gravel packing density generated by experiments. The generation module is used to generate monitoring results of the sand control effect of gravel packing for the well to be monitored based on the gravel packing density.

[0012] Furthermore, the accompanying acoustic wave detection section includes: a signal transmitter, a signal receiver, a guide channel, a signal amplitude modulator, and a signal memory; A signal transmitter is used to transmit acoustic signals within a preset frequency range along the radial direction of the wellbore and toward the annular space around the service string. A signal amplitude modulator is used to adjust the amplitude of an acoustic signal. A signal receiver for reflected signals after reflection from gravel layers or well walls; Signal memory, used to store reflected signals; A sealed pressure chamber is used to house and protect signal transmitters, signal receivers, signal amplitude modulators, and signal storage devices. The guide channel is used to block the sound wave signal from propagating along the short section body to the signal receiver.

[0013] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computing device is provided, including: a processor, a memory, a communication interface and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory and the communication interface communicate with each other through the communication bus; The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction, which causes the processor to perform the operation corresponding to the above-mentioned gravel filling sand control effect monitoring method.

[0014] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computer storage medium is provided, wherein at least one executable instruction is stored in the storage medium, the executable instruction causing a processor to perform an operation corresponding to the above-described gravel backfill sand control effect monitoring method.

[0015] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computer program product is provided, including at least one executable instruction that causes a processor to perform operations corresponding to the above-described gravel backfill sand control effect monitoring method.

[0016] According to the gravel filling sand control effect monitoring method and device provided in the embodiments of this application, the gravel filling effect can be monitored without adding on-site operation procedures, and the blind pipe burial height can be determined, solving the problem of unclear understanding of the downhole filling effect.

[0017] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of the embodiments of this application and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of this application more obvious and understandable, specific implementation methods of the embodiments of this application are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for monitoring the sand control effect of gravel backfilling according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the gravel backfilling acoustic monitoring procedure is shown. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the experimental method for monitoring the acoustic wave during gravel backfilling is shown. Figure 4 A structural block diagram of a gravel backfill sand control effect monitoring device according to an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a short section detected by acoustic waves during charging; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a computing device according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0020] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for monitoring the sand control effect of gravel backfilling according to an embodiment of this application is shown, as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps: Step S101: Acquire the reflected signal received by the acoustic probe sub during the process of pulling out the service tubing from the well to be monitored. The reflected signal is the acoustic wave signal with a preset frequency range emitted radially along the wellbore and toward the annular space around the service tubing after the acoustic probe sub starts working, and the signal is reflected by the gravel layer or well wall.

[0021] Specifically, in gravel packing sand control completion operations, the accompanying acoustic probe sub is connected at its lower end to the polishing tubing and at its upper end to the flushing tubing. Before the operation, the accompanying acoustic probe sub is lowered into the wellbore to the corresponding packing position along with the packing service string. The packer is then set, and the service string is raised and lowered to specific positions to begin forward and reverse circulation tests. The service string is lowered to the packing position to begin gravel packing. Once the designed sand volume or desanding pressure is reached, the pump is stopped. The string is then raised to the reverse circulation position to begin reverse circulation. Pumping can be stopped once no gravel is returned to the wellhead. During the raising of the service string after the packing operation, the accompanying acoustic probe sub transmits broadband acoustic signals and receives reflected signals to monitor the entire wellbore.

[0022] During the hoisting of the service tubing after gravel packing is completed, the accompanying acoustic probe sub begins operation. The start and stop of the accompanying acoustic probe sub can be controlled using the following methods: delayed start, hoisting acceleration sensor control, surface acoustic communication start, connection start during tubing string running, and other methods that enable instrument start-up. Taking delayed start-up as an example, the tubing string running and packing time is estimated based on well depth data, and this time is extended by 3 hours as the instrument start-up time. For wells with complex well structures, a continuous operation mode can be adopted, meaning operation begins when the sub enters the well.

[0023] The accompanying acoustic probe sub emits acoustic signals within a preset frequency range along the radial direction of the wellbore and into the annular space surrounding the service string. In the radial direction, the acoustic signals pass through the completion fluid, screen pipe or blind pipe, and gravel layer to reach the open hole wall or casing wall, and after reflection, are received and stored by the accompanying acoustic probe sub along the same path.

[0024] The acoustic signal emitted by the acoustic wave probe sub within a preset frequency range includes both high-frequency and low-frequency components, with a frequency range of 10Hz-1000kHz. This frequency range satisfies the following condition: under gravel filling density of 0-100% (gravel filling density = gravel volume / annular volume). (100%), all signals are reflected and received. The high-frequency portion has weak penetration; it can propagate through the flow holes in the base pipe to the gravel layer in the screen pipe section. Because the gravel layer is a porous medium, the signal is scattered and absorbed by the gravel particles, causing rapid energy attenuation. The degree of attenuation is related to the gravel layer thickness and compaction. The low-frequency portion, on the other hand, has strong penetration and can propagate through the screen pipe and blind pipe to the blind pipe, wellbore wall, or casing annulus, where it is reflected. Although the high-frequency signal attenuates quickly, it has high resolution and is sensitive to gravel packing density, making it suitable for precise identification of packing defects and quantitative assessment of density, forming a broadband complementary detection system with the low-frequency signal.

[0025] After the filling operation is completed, low-frequency signals and some high-frequency signals can be transmitted through the blind pipe to the annulus between the blind pipe and the well wall or casing. After being scattered and absorbed by the gravel layer, some signals can be reflected and received. The signal will be scattered and absorbed by the gravel particles, resulting in rapid energy attenuation. The degree of attenuation is related to the thickness of the gravel layer and the compaction of the pile. Therefore, the density of the gravel layer in the annulus outside the blind pipe can be determined based on the signal characteristics of the received reflected signal.

[0026] With the service string completely removed, the accompanying acoustic wave detection section can be disassembled, the signal memory can be taken out, the reflected signal can be obtained from the signal memory, and the reflected signal can be calculated and inverted using interpretation software.

[0027] Step S102: Based on the signal characteristics of the reflected signal, query the signal characteristic-density relationship model to obtain the gravel packing density of the well to be monitored. The signal characteristic-density relationship model is a mapping relationship library between signal characteristics and gravel packing density generated by experiments.

[0028] The signal characteristics of a reflected signal refer to the acoustic parameters and waveform attributes that can be quantified, extracted, and characterized in the radial reflected acoustic wave signal received by the acoustic wave probe sub. These can include the frequency, amplitude, and reception time of the reflected signal.

[0029] Therefore, after obtaining the reflected signal, the signal feature-density relationship model can be queried based on the signal characteristics of the reflected signal. The signal feature-density relationship model is a mapping relationship library between signal features and gravel packing density generated based on experiments. It stores the signal features of the reflected signal corresponding to different gravel packing densities. The signal features mainly include the frequency and amplitude of the reflected signal. Therefore, the frequency and amplitude of the obtained reflected signal are used for querying. Specifically, the signal features of the reflected signal can be matched with the signal features in the signal feature-density relationship model. The gravel packing density corresponding to the matched signal features is determined as the gravel packing density of the well to be monitored. For example, the frequency and amplitude of the obtained reflected signal are compared one by one with the frequency and amplitude in the signal feature-density relationship model. The gravel packing density corresponding to the signal features with the same frequency and amplitude as those in the signal feature-density relationship model is determined as the gravel packing density of the well to be monitored.

[0030] Furthermore, similarity calculation methods, such as Euclidean distance, cosine similarity, or correlation coefficient, are used to evaluate the similarity between the feature vectors corresponding to the signal features of the reflected signal obtained in step S101 and the feature vectors of the signal features stored in the signal feature-density relationship model. If the similarity between the feature vector corresponding to the signal feature of the reflected signal obtained in step S101 and the feature vector of a certain signal feature stored in the signal feature-density relationship model exceeds a preset threshold, a successful match is determined. The gravel packing density corresponding to the successfully matched signal feature is then determined as the gravel packing density of the well to be monitored. Other matching methods can also be used, but these will not be detailed here.

[0031] In one optional embodiment of this application, the method for generating a signal feature-density relationship model includes: Calculate the volume of gravel to fill the annular space around the service string based on different gravel compaction densities. According to the gravel volume, fill the corresponding gravel into the annular space around the service string, emit acoustic wave signals of a preset frequency range along the radial direction of the wellbore and towards the annular space around the service string, and receive the reflected signals. A signal feature-density relationship model is established based on the signal characteristics of the reflected signal and the corresponding gravel filling density.

[0032] Specifically, based on the tubing size, gravel specifications, and tubing type of the experimental well, a full-size short model was built in the surface experimental system. The gravel filling density of the annulus was varied, continuously changing from 0% to 100%, where gravel filling density = gravel volume / annulus volume. Since the annular volume is known, the required gravel volume can be calculated using the formula above. Then, based on this volume, gravel is filled into the annular space surrounding the service string. A pre-defined frequency range of acoustic signals is emitted radially from the wellbore towards the annular space around the service string, and reflected signals are received and recorded. The signal characteristics of the reflected signals are then mapped to the corresponding gravel packing density, thus constructing a signal characteristic-density relationship model. This model can be represented as a curve showing the relationship between gravel packing density and the signal characteristics of the reflected signals.

[0033] In this application, when monitoring the sand control effect of gravel packing, if the tubing size, tubing type, tubing wall thickness, proppant type, proppant size, etc., change, it is necessary to re-establish the signal characteristic-density relationship model. If no change occurs, the established signal characteristic-density relationship model can be used to provide a basis for interpreting the monitoring data of the packing density of the well to be monitored, and to provide a design reference for the design of packing parameters under the same working conditions in the future.

[0034] Step S103: Generate monitoring results of gravel filling sand control effect for the well to be monitored based on the gravel filling density.

[0035] Specifically, the higher the gravel packing density, the stronger the sand control capability, the better the stability, and the longer the sand control effectiveness period. Therefore, after determining the gravel packing density of the well to be monitored, the gravel packing density can be compared with the preset sand control effect judgment threshold. For example, the sand control effect judgment threshold may include a first threshold range, a second threshold range, and a third threshold range, which correspond to three sand control effect levels: excellent, qualified, and unqualified, respectively. This is just an example, and other sand control effect levels may also be used.

[0036] For example, when the gravel filling density is greater than or equal to 95%, the sand control effect is judged to be excellent, the monitoring results show that the filling is dense and the sand control ability is good, and no intervention is required. When the gravel packing density is between 80% and 95% (inclusive), the sand control effect is deemed to be qualified. The monitoring results indicate that the packing is basically dense and the sand control capacity meets the requirements. It is recommended to regularly test the sand content of the produced fluid and, if necessary, use secondary sand control completion. When the gravel filling density is less than 80%, the sand control effect is deemed unqualified. The monitoring results indicate that there are gaps in the filling and the sand control capacity is insufficient, providing basic data for judging the sand outlet location and secondary sand control.

[0037] In addition, a monitoring report containing the following fields can be automatically generated based on the judgment results: well number, monitoring time, measured density value, sand control effect level, conclusion and recommended measures; the monitoring report is visualized in the form of text, charts or warning lights through the human-computer interaction interface, and is simultaneously stored in the database or sent to the remote monitoring platform via the communication interface.

[0038] In one optional embodiment of this application, since low-frequency signals have strong penetration capabilities, it is necessary to record the signal characteristics and time difference reflected when they reach locations such as blind pipes, casings, and well walls, as a reference for well diameter measurement and blind pipe external filling compaction testing.

[0039] The method also includes: calculating the wellbore diameter based on the time difference between the acoustic signal transmission time and the reflected signal reception time; from this, the amount of proppant filled can be calculated based on the calculated wellbore diameter, referred to as the first proppant dose; the actual amount of proppant filled is known, referred to as the second proppant dose; the equivalent wellbore diameter can be calculated based on the second proppant dose; the calculated wellbore diameter can be compared with the equivalent wellbore diameter, and the second proppant dose can be compared with the first proppant dose. For example, the wellbore diameter can be calculated using the following formula: D=v Δt, where D is the well diameter, v is the sound wave propagation velocity, and Δt is the time difference. The sound wave propagation velocity can be obtained from the sound velocity calibration value measured by on-site fluid sampling, or by back-calculating the sound wave time difference measured by the instrument in a calibration sleeve of known size.

[0040] During the lifting of the service string, the lifting distance is recorded and stored in real time. Since there is no liquid inlet channel in the blind tube section, the gravel filling density is much smaller than that in the screen tube section or is 0%. Therefore, when the gravel filling density is found to be much smaller than that in the screen tube section or is 0% based on the signal characteristics, the difference between the lifting distance and the actual position of the blind tube can be determined as the blind tube burial height.

[0041] The aforementioned interpretation software is a commercial acoustic interpretation software used to interpret and invert acoustic signals during well filling. The software can use a model comparing the signal characteristics and density obtained from surface experiments as a reference to interpret downhole monitoring signals, ultimately generating gravel filling density distribution data, blind pipe burial height data, and well diameter data along the wellbore axis. This provides a reference for designing filling parameters under similar well conditions, such as adjusting parameters like increasing filling displacement, changing blind pipe length, reducing gravel density, and increasing filling pressure.

[0042] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the gravel backfilling acoustic monitoring procedure is shown, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the monitoring procedure includes: 1. Based on well diameter, tubing spacing, gravel specifications, etc., the density of gravel filling in the annulus is changed in the surface experimental system. The amplitude, frequency and time difference of broadband acoustic signals reflected after passing through the gravel layer are tested. A broadband signal range suitable for the target well is selected, and a relationship model between signal characteristics and density is formed for comparison, which serves as the basis for interpretation.

[0043] 2. Select a suitable signal generator to transmit a broadband signal that meets the monitoring requirements of the target well. Design the battery and data storage capacity according to the monitoring requirements, design the circuit combination, signal receiver, signal amplifier, etc., and assemble them into a charge-on acoustic monitoring instrument, which is then installed in the charge-on acoustic detection sub.

[0044] 3. Connect the lower end of the acoustic probe sub to the polishing tube and the upper end to the flushing tube. Run it into the wellbore along with the filling and completion tubing. Set the packer and lift and lower the service tubing to a specific position to begin forward and reverse circulation tests.

[0045] 4. Lower the service string to the filling position to begin gravel filling. Stop the pump after the designed sand volume or sand removal pressure is reached. Raise the service string to the reverse circulation position to begin reverse circulation. Stop the pump after no gravel is returned to the wellhead and record the time.

[0046] 5. The gravel packing service string is retrieved, and the accompanying acoustic probe sub monitors the gravel packing effect and acquires signals during this process. After the accompanying acoustic probe sub is retrieved from the wellhead, the signal storage device is taken out and the data is imported into the interpretation software. By comparing this data with wellbore trajectory data and surface experimental results, the sand control section packing effect can be interpreted, generating an annular packing density variation curve along the wellbore, as well as data on blind tube burial height and well diameter.

[0047] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the experimental method for monitoring the acoustic wave during gravel backfilling is shown, as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the method includes: 1. Based on the target well string structure, select tool sections of the same size and build a full-size model experimental system; 2. Take an annular cylindrical rock as the open hole wall, calculate the volume of the annulus between the screen pipe and the well wall, and take gravel of the same volume; 3. Place the monitoring sub into the screen tube sub, fill the annulus with completion fluid, and test the signal characteristics of the reflected signal received when the density is 0%. 4. Gradually fill the annulus with gravel, ranging from 10% to 100% of its volume, and test the signal characteristics of the reflected signals received at different densities to form a control. 5. Remove the sieve tube short section and gravel, clean the annulus, and install the sleeve and blind tube; 6. Add a certain volume of proppant into the annular space and test the relationship between the signal characteristics of different blind tube burial heights and the received reflected signals; 7. Based on the above experiments, the wideband signal range was determined to be able to cover monitoring and reception conditions under different densities.

[0048] The method provided in this application can be applied to the following scenarios: 1. During the filling process of long horizontal wells, the long horizontal section results in high frictional resistance, causing gravel to settle and accumulate in the front and middle parts of the horizontal section, leading to poor filling effect at the far end. When transitioning to the production stage, the gravel in the annulus is not effectively compacted, easily causing lateral flow and preventing the gravel layer from effectively controlling sand. Furthermore, when using low-density proppant for filling, there is no effective method to assess the filling effect. The monitoring method proposed in this application can monitor and assess the filling effect of long horizontal wells.

[0049] 2. In horizontal well completion with segmented packing for sand control, to prevent the accumulation of dense gravel outside the packer from causing poor segmented sealing performance, long blind pipes are typically connected to both ends of the packer. In this case, the area outside the blind pipe is primarily composed of sand and fluid, severely impacting the sand control effect. Currently, the optimal blind pipe length cannot be determined to ensure both sand control and packer sealing effectiveness. Furthermore, the cost, scale, and utilization rate of surface experimental systems are high, and there are no effective means to conduct related research. Based on the monitoring method proposed in this application, the compaction of the annulus outside the blind pipe after packing can be monitored, revealing the correlation between packing parameters and compaction. Through continuous data accumulation, a method for optimizing the design of the blind pipe length can be gradually developed.

[0050] 3. For horizontal wells with mudstone sections, wellbore collapse and enlargement or reduction may occur, interfering with the calculation of the filling coefficient and affecting the assessment of sand control effectiveness. The monitoring method proposed in this application allows for wellbore diameter measurement during the running-in of the filling tubing, providing a basis for post-filling effectiveness evaluation.

[0051] The method provided in this application can achieve the following technical effects: 1. The acoustic monitoring method proposed in this application fills the gap in gravel filling sand control effect monitoring technology. It can monitor and judge the density of gravel filling outside the screen tube. For complex well conditions such as long horizontal wells, the filling parameters can be optimized and adjusted according to the monitoring data to improve the filling effect and sand control awareness of complex wells.

[0052] 2. The acoustic monitoring method proposed in this application can test the well diameter and the burial height of the blind pipe, providing data support for the calculation of the filling coefficient.

[0053] 3. The acoustic monitoring method proposed in this application can monitor and judge the filling effect, blind tube burial height and well diameter, without adding the tubing string running procedure. It is simple to operate and has strong applicability.

[0054] According to the gravel filling sand control effect monitoring method provided in the embodiments of this application, the gravel filling effect can be monitored without adding on-site operation procedures, and the blind pipe burial height can be determined, solving the problem of unclear understanding of the downhole filling effect.

[0055] Figure 4 A structural block diagram of a gravel backfill sand control effect monitoring device according to an embodiment of this application is shown, as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the device includes: The acquisition module 401 is used to acquire the reflected signal received by the acoustic probe sub during the process of pulling out the service tubing from the well to be monitored. The reflected signal is the acoustic signal of a preset frequency range emitted radially along the wellbore and toward the annular space around the service tubing after the acoustic probe sub starts working, and the signal after being reflected by the gravel layer or the well wall. The query module 402 is used to query the signal feature-density relationship model based on the signal characteristics of the reflected signal to obtain the gravel filling density of the well to be monitored. The signal feature-density relationship model is a mapping relationship library between signal features and gravel filling density generated by experiments. The generation module 403 is used to generate monitoring results of the sand control effect of gravel filling for the well to be monitored based on the gravel filling density.

[0056] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a short section detected by acoustic waves during charging, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the accompanying acoustic wave detection section includes: a signal transmitter, a signal receiver, a guide channel, a signal amplitude modulator (not shown in the figure), a signal memory, and a flow channel structure; A signal transmitter is used to transmit acoustic signals within a preset frequency range along the radial direction of the wellbore and toward the annular space around the service string. The signal transmitter may be a miniature microphone. A signal amplitude modulator is used to adjust the amplitude of a sound wave signal, adjusting the emitted sound wave signal to a preset amplitude. A signal receiver for reflected signals after reflection from gravel layers or well walls; Signal memory, used to store reflected signals; A sealed pressure chamber is used to house and protect signal transmitters, signal receivers, signal amplitude modulators, and signal storage devices. The dimensions of the pressure-bearing structure, the space for instrument arrangement, and the flow channels can be designed differently according to the application scenario, such as symmetrical structures and eccentric structures. The sealed pressure chamber can include an acoustic emission sealed pressure chamber and an acoustic receiving sealed pressure chamber. A guide channel, used to block the acoustic signal from propagating along the short section body to the signal receiver, can be a body groove or a variable diameter tube column.

[0057] The flow channel structure is used for circulating test media, and it can be an eccentric flow channel or a concentric reduced diameter structure.

[0058] The outer diameter of the short section for acoustic wave detection is the same as that of the punch pipe, and the thread type of both ends (female and male threads) is the same as that of the punch pipe.

[0059] In addition, the charging acoustic detection section may also include: control circuit chip, transmission cable, battery, etc. The structure is only for illustration. The specific structural composition can be adjusted according to the scenario and working conditions. For example, the slide can be replaced with a variable diameter tube column, and the eccentric structure can be replaced with a concentric reduced diameter structure, etc. As long as the function can be achieved, it is acceptable. No specific structure is specified.

[0060] Optionally, the query module is further used to: match the signal features of the reflected signal with the signal features in the signal feature-density relationship model; The gravel packing density corresponding to the matched signal features is determined as the gravel packing density of the well to be monitored.

[0061] Optionally, the device further includes: a signal feature-density relationship model generation module, used to calculate the gravel volume to fill the annular space around the service string with gravel based on different gravel filling densities; According to the gravel volume, fill the corresponding gravel into the annular space around the service string, emit acoustic wave signals of a preset frequency range along the radial direction of the wellbore and towards the annular space around the service string, and receive the reflected signals. A signal feature-density relationship model is established based on the signal characteristics of the reflected signal and the corresponding gravel filling density.

[0062] Optionally, the preset frequency range is 10Hz-1000KHz.

[0063] Optionally, the device further includes a calculation module for calculating the well diameter based on the time difference between the acoustic signal transmission time and the reflected signal reception time.

[0064] The descriptions of the above modules refer to the corresponding descriptions in the method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0065] According to the gravel filling sand control effect monitoring device provided in the embodiments of this application, the gravel filling effect can be monitored without adding on-site operation procedures, and the buried height of blind pipes can be determined, thus solving the problem of unclear understanding of the downhole filling effect.

[0066] This application provides a non-volatile computer storage medium storing at least one executable instruction or computer program that enables a processor to perform the operation corresponding to the gravel backfill sand control effect monitoring method in any of the above method embodiments.

[0067] This application provides a computer program product, which includes at least one executable instruction or computer program that enables a processor to perform the operation corresponding to the gravel backfill sand control effect monitoring method in any of the above method embodiments.

[0068] Figure 6 The diagram shows a structural schematic of an embodiment of the computing device of this application. The specific embodiments of this application do not limit the specific implementation of the computing device.

[0069] like Figure 6 As shown, the computing device may include: a processor 602, a communications interface 604, a memory 606, and a communications bus 608.

[0070] The processor 602, communication interface 604, and memory 606 communicate with each other via communication bus 608. Communication interface 604 is used to communicate with other network elements such as clients or other servers. The processor 602 executes program 610, specifically performing the relevant steps in the above-described embodiment of the gravel backfilling sand control effect monitoring method for computing devices.

[0071] Specifically, program 610 may include program code that includes computer operation instructions.

[0072] The processor 602 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of this application. The computing device includes one or more processors, which may be processors of the same type, such as one or more CPUs; or processors of different types, such as one or more CPUs and one or more ASICs.

[0073] Memory 606 is used to store program 610. Memory 606 may include high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device.

[0074] Specifically, program 610 can be used to cause processor 602 to execute the gravel backfill sand control effect monitoring method in any of the above method embodiments. The specific implementation of each step in program 610 can be found in the corresponding descriptions of the steps and units in the above gravel backfill sand control effect monitoring embodiments, and will not be repeated here. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the above-described equipment and modules can be referred to the corresponding process descriptions in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0075] The algorithms and displays provided herein are not inherently related to any particular computer, virtual system, or other device. Various general-purpose systems can also be used in conjunction with the teachings herein. The required structure for constructing such systems is apparent from the above description. Furthermore, the embodiments of this application are not directed to any particular programming language. It should be understood that the contents of the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented using various programming languages, and the above description of specific languages ​​is for the purpose of disclosing the best implementation of the embodiments of this application.

[0076] Numerous specific details are set forth in the specification provided herein. However, it will be understood that embodiments of this application may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0077] Similarly, it should be understood that, in order to simplify this disclosure and aid in understanding one or more of the various inventive aspects, in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the present application, various features of the present application embodiments are sometimes grouped together into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, this approach to disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that the claimed embodiments of the present application require more features than expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the following claims, inventive aspects lie in fewer than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into that detailed description, wherein each claim itself is a separate embodiment of the present application.

[0078] Those skilled in the art will understand that modules in the device of the embodiments can be adaptively changed and placed in one or more devices different from that embodiment. Modules, units, or components in the embodiments can be combined into a single module, unit, or component, and further, they can be divided into multiple sub-modules, sub-units, or sub-components. Except where at least some of such features and / or processes or units are mutually exclusive, any combination can be used to combine all features disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) and all processes or units of any method or device so disclosed. Unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) may be replaced by an alternative feature that serves the same, equivalent, or similar purpose.

[0079] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments described herein include certain features but not others included in other embodiments, combinations of features from different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the embodiments of this application and form different embodiments. For example, in the following claims, any one of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

[0080] The various component embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware, or as software modules running on one or more processors, or a combination thereof. Those skilled in the art will understand that microprocessors or digital signal processors (DSPs) can be used in practice to implement some or all of the functions of some or all of the components according to the embodiments of this application. The embodiments of this application can also be implemented as device or apparatus programs (e.g., computer programs and computer program products) for performing part or all of the methods described herein. Such programs implementing the embodiments of this application can be stored on a computer-readable medium, or can be in the form of one or more signals. Such signals can be downloaded from an Internet website, provided on a carrier signal, or provided in any other form.

[0081] It should be noted that the above embodiments are illustrative of the embodiments of this application and not limiting of the embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can devise alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses should not be construed as limiting the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. Embodiments of this application can be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc., does not indicate any order. These words can be interpreted as names.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the sand control effect of gravel backfilling, comprising: Acquire the reflected signal received by the acoustic probe sub during the process of pulling out the service tubing from the well to be monitored. The reflected signal is the acoustic wave signal emitted in a preset frequency range along the radial direction of the wellbore and toward the annular space around the service tubing after the acoustic probe sub starts working, and the signal is reflected by the gravel layer or well wall. The gravel packing density of the well to be monitored is obtained by querying the signal feature-density relationship model based on the signal features of the reflected signal. The signal feature-density relationship model is a mapping relationship library between signal features and gravel packing density generated by experiments. The monitoring results of the gravel packing sand control effect of the well to be monitored are generated based on the gravel packing density.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The step of querying the signal feature-density relationship model based on the signal features of the reflected signal to obtain the gravel packing density of the well to be monitored further includes: The signal characteristics of the reflected signal are matched with the signal characteristics in the signal characteristic-density relationship model; The gravel packing density corresponding to the matched signal features is determined as the gravel packing density of the well to be monitored.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The method for generating the signal feature-density relationship model includes: Calculate the volume of gravel to fill the annular space around the service string based on different gravel compaction densities. According to the gravel volume, fill the corresponding gravel into the annular space around the service string, emit acoustic wave signals of a preset frequency range along the radial direction of the wellbore and towards the annular space around the service string, and receive the reflected signals. A signal feature-density relationship model is established based on the signal characteristics of the reflected signal and the corresponding gravel filling density.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The preset frequency range is 10Hz-1000KHz.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The method further includes: calculating the well diameter based on the time difference between the acoustic signal transmission time and the reflected signal reception time.

6. A device for monitoring the sand control effect of gravel backfilling, comprising: The acquisition module is used to acquire the reflected signal received by the acoustic wave detection sub during the process of pulling out the service tubing from the well to be monitored. The reflected signal is the acoustic wave signal emitted in a preset frequency range along the radial direction of the wellbore and towards the annular space around the service tubing after the acoustic wave detection sub starts working, and the signal is reflected by the gravel layer or well wall. The query module is used to query the signal feature-density relationship model based on the signal characteristics of the reflected signal to obtain the gravel packing density of the well to be monitored. The signal feature-density relationship model is a mapping relationship library between signal features and gravel packing density generated based on experiments. The generation module is used to generate monitoring results of the sand control effect of gravel filling for the well to be monitored based on the gravel filling density.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein, The accompanying acoustic wave detection section includes: a signal transmitter, a signal receiver, a guide channel, a signal amplitude modulator, and a signal memory; A signal transmitter is used to transmit acoustic signals within a preset frequency range along the radial direction of the wellbore and toward the annular space around the service string. A signal amplitude modulator is used to adjust the amplitude of the acoustic signal; A signal receiver for reflected signals after reflection from gravel layers or well walls; A signal memory is used to store the reflected signal; A sealed pressure chamber is used to house and protect signal transmitters, signal receivers, signal amplitude modulators, and signal storage devices. The guide channel is used to block the sound wave signal from propagating along the short section body to the signal receiver.

8. A computing device, comprising: The processor, memory, communication interface, and communication bus are provided, wherein the processor, memory, and communication interface communicate with each other via the communication bus. The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction, which causes the processor to perform the operation corresponding to the gravel backfill sand control effect monitoring method as described in any one of claims 1-5.

9. A computer storage medium storing at least one executable instruction that causes a processor to perform an operation corresponding to the gravel backfill sand control effect monitoring method as described in any one of claims 1-5.

10. A computer program product comprising at least one executable instruction that causes a processor to perform an operation corresponding to the gravel backfill sand control effect monitoring method as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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