A pen-type free-field shockwave digital sensor
Through integrated design and functional expansion, the problems of traditional sensors such as large transmission interference, complex deployment, and poor functional expandability in extreme environments have been solved, realizing high-precision, convenient installation, and long-lasting multi-functional testing.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHONGBEI UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
In traditional free-field shock wave pressure testing, the transmission line is easily affected by the external environment, the layout and debugging are complicated, the system has poor functional expandability, and the test accuracy and stability are affected.
Design a pen-type free-field shock wave digital sensor that integrates a sensing module, a data acquisition and storage circuit module, a power supply module, and a wired readback module into a single pen-type structure. Equipped with an expansion module to enable wireless communication, BeiDou/GPS timing, and high-power battery functionality, it employs vibration- and shock-resistant aviation connectors and low-power circuitry to support multi-functional testing.
It improves signal accuracy, simplifies installation and debugging processes, enhances the sensor's survivability in extreme environments, and achieves low power consumption, long battery life, and multi-functional adaptability, making it suitable for complex testing conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN122171084A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of pressure testing technology, and in particular to a pen-type free-field shock wave digital sensor. Background Technology
[0002] Modern weapon system development places higher demands on the accuracy, stability, and environmental adaptability of free-field shock wave pressure testing. Currently, traditional free-field pressure testing in this field employs an analog transmission method consisting of a standard pen sensor, a cable several tens of meters long, and an external recorder. While this technology can acquire basic pressure signals, it suffers from numerous significant drawbacks and limitations: (1) Transmission lines are susceptible to external environmental influences: long cables are easily cut by air fragments in an explosion field, resulting in abnormal test data and introducing electromagnetic noise and additional impedance, which affects the test results.
[0003] (2) The installation and debugging are difficult: Free field sensors usually need to be placed at a height of tens of meters by a bracket. The high-altitude environment brings great inconvenience to the installation, wiring and debugging work, and the operation is highly complicated.
[0004] (3) Poor system functional expandability: The traditional structure is a split design, which cannot meet the multi-functional testing requirements such as wireless communication, accurate time synchronization, and long-lasting power supply according to complex test conditions. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pen-type free-field shock wave digital sensor that effectively solves the problems of large transmission interference, complex deployment and debugging, and poor functional expandability of traditional sensors. It has the advantages of high accuracy, convenient installation, expandable functions, low power consumption and long battery life, and shock and interference resistance.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a pen-type free-field shock wave digital sensor, comprising a pen-type protective body, a sensing module, a data acquisition and storage circuit module, a power supply module, a wired readback module, and an expansion module; the sensing module, data acquisition and storage circuit module, and power supply module are integrated and packaged inside the pen-type protective body, forming an integrated pen-type structure; the pen-type protective body is provided with an expansion interface, and the expansion module is connected to the expansion interface via an expansion plug; the wired readback module is connected to the expansion interface via a wired readback module plug to realize the reading and erasing of collected data.
[0007] Preferably, the pen-type protective body is streamlined, 400mm in length and 22.3mm in diameter, and is made of LC4 ultra-high strength aluminum alloy.
[0008] Preferably, the expansion plug and the wired readback module plug are both compatible with the expansion interface, and all interfaces use vibration-resistant and shock-resistant mating multi-core threaded locking aviation connectors.
[0009] Preferably, the acquisition and storage circuit module includes a signal conditioning circuit, a 4GB Flash memory, a domestic FPGA with a built-in ADC, a temperature-compensated crystal oscillator, and a low-noise LDO voltage regulator module; the signal conditioning circuit provides a 22.5V voltage excitation and a 2~10mA current excitation to the sensing module through an operational amplifier, a DC-DC power supply chip, and a constant current tube, and completes signal filtering, baseline raising, and impedance matching processing.
[0010] Furthermore, the FPGA can automatically configure the interface working mode according to the accessed expansion modules to realize corresponding functional expansion.
[0011] Preferably, the sampling and storage circuit module performs real-time sampling, quantization, and ring buffering of the analog signal output by the sensing module, and writes the digital signal into the Flash memory to achieve non-volatile storage.
[0012] Preferably, the power module is powered by a single 3.7V battery, with an overall low power consumption design, and a single power supply can support the sensor to work continuously for more than 24 hours.
[0013] Preferably, the expansion module includes one of a wireless communication module, a BeiDou / GPS timing module, and a high-power battery module.
[0014] Preferably, the digital sensor is equipped with a dedicated mounting fixture, which has a fixing hole, a height positioning hole, and an angle positioning hole. The fixture is fixed to the free field dedicated bracket through the height positioning hole, the height positioning hole is used to adjust the height of the fixture, the angle positioning hole is used to adjust the elevation angle of the digital sensor, and the fixing hole is used to fix the digital sensor. The sensor installation height and attitude can be adjusted so that the surface of the sensing module is perpendicular to the ground, the sensor body is parallel to the ground, and the tip is aligned with the explosion center.
[0015] Preferably, the outer surface of the expansion module is provided with an IPEX interface. The IPEX interface is used for quick plugging and unplugging and reliable connection of wireless communication antenna and Beidou / GPS timing antenna. The IPEX interface forms an electrical match with the expansion plug and expansion interface to ensure that the overall structural sealing and vibration and shock resistance performance are not affected after the antenna is connected.
[0016] Preferably, the extended module's working modules are as follows: When the wireless communication module is connected, the FPGA configures the UART interface to wireless telemetry mode and drives the module to realize wireless data transmission through the asynchronous serial communication protocol. When connected to the BeiDou / GPS timing module: The FPGA is configured with a UART interface to receive satellite positioning data, captures the second pulse signal through an external interrupt pin, performs phase discipline and calibration on the on-chip acquisition clock, and achieves high-precision absolute time synchronization; When a high-power battery module is connected: the FPGA controls the power management circuit to switch the power supply path, giving priority to the use of external power and online float charging of the internal lithium battery, supporting long-term outdoor standby monitoring.
[0017] When connected to the BeiDou / GPS timing module, the FPGA uses a second pulse signal to perform phase discipline and calibration on the on-chip acquisition clock, achieving high-precision absolute time synchronization.
[0018] Preferably, the digital sensor reads in two modes: wireless telemetry readback mode and wired direct connection readback mode. The wireless telemetry readback mode is as follows: after connecting the main body of the expansion module to the expansion interface of the pen-type free field digital sensor, the pen-type free field digital sensor is configured to wireless telemetry readback mode, and the data can be read to the host computer wirelessly. The wired direct connection readback mode is as follows: after connecting the wired readback module to the pen-type free field digital sensor expansion interface, the wired readback module is operated to read the data.
[0019] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned pen-type free-field shock wave digital sensor, and the technical effects are as follows: (1) In-situ digital output to improve signal accuracy: While maintaining the streamlined structure and 22.3mm micro diameter of the traditional pen sensor, the in-situ acquisition, processing and digital storage of signals are realized, the long cable analog transmission is completely eliminated, the interference of electromagnetic noise and additional impedance is effectively avoided, and the measurement accuracy of shock wave pressure signal is improved; at the same time, the integrated structure reduces the risk of the sensor being damaged by the explosion fragments.
[0020] (2) Easy installation and debugging, reducing operational complexity: The main functional modules are integrated into the pen-type protective body. When deploying at high altitude, only the fixing and switching operations of the main body need to be completed. There is no need for complicated cable wiring, which greatly simplifies the installation and debugging process and adapts to the operational needs of complex testing environments such as high altitude and explosion sites.
[0021] (3) Flexible expansion of functions to adapt to various test conditions: Equipped with a dedicated expansion module, it supports flexible selection of functions such as wireless communication, Beidou / GPS high-precision time synchronization, and high-power battery expansion. It can realize multi-functional testing according to different explosion shock wave test task requirements, which solves the problem of poor functional expansion of traditional technology.
[0022] (4) Robust and durable structure, enhancing survival ability in extreme environments: The pen-type protective body is made of LC4 ultra-high strength aluminum alloy, and the interface uses aerospace connectors that are vibration-resistant and impact-resistant, which can effectively resist the effects of extreme environments such as explosion impact, fragment impact, and heat flow, and greatly improve the sensor's survival ability in the explosion field.
[0023] (5) Low power consumption and long battery life, suitable for field testing: All circuit modules adopt low power consumption design. A single 3.7V battery power supply can support more than 24 hours of continuous operation. With the addition of a high-power battery expansion module, long-cycle field standby monitoring can be achieved, which improves the environmental adaptability of the sensor.
[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description
[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a pen-type free-field shock wave digital sensor of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the extended module structure of an embodiment of the pen-type free-field shock wave digital sensor of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the wired readback module structure of an embodiment of the pen-type free-field shock wave digital sensor of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a multifunctional test diagram of an embodiment of a pen-type free-field shock wave digital sensor of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fixture structure of an embodiment of a pen-type free-field shock wave digital sensor of the present invention.
[0026] Figure Labels 1. Expansion interface; 2. Data acquisition circuit module; 3. Power supply module; 4. Sensing module; 5. Pen-type protective body; 6. Switch; 7. Expansion plug; 8. Expansion module; 9. IPEX interface; 10. Wired readback module plug; 11. Wired readback module; 12. Fixture; 13. Fixing hole; 14. Angle positioning hole; 15. Height positioning hole. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0028] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.
[0029] Example 1: Basic data acquisition and storage module (no expansion module) like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a pen-type free-field shock wave digital sensor, including a pen-type protective body, a sensing module, a data acquisition and storage circuit module, a power supply module, and a wired readback module 11. The installation and operation process are as follows: 1. Installation and fixing like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the sensor is mounted on the free field test bracket using the clamp 12: the clamp 12 is fixed to the bracket by passing a high-strength screw through the height positioning hole 15, the height of the clamp 12 is adjusted by the height positioning hole 15, and the elevation angle of the sensor is adjusted by the angle positioning hole 14, so that the sensor meets the following requirements: the tip of the pen-type protective body 5 is aligned with the explosion center, the surface of the sensing module 4 is perpendicular to the ground, and the entire sensor is parallel to the ground; finally, the sensor body is locked onto the clamp 12 through the fixing hole 13.
[0030] 2. Power-on self-test Turn on the switch 6 on the pen-type protective body 5. The power module 3 supplies power to the system. The data acquisition circuit module 2 performs a power-on self-test. The indicator light illuminates normally, indicating that the sensing module 4, signal conditioning circuit, FPGA, Flash memory, clock and voltage regulation circuit are all working normally.
[0031] 3. In-situ data acquisition and storage The sensing module 4 senses the pressure of the free field shock wave and outputs an analog signal; the signal conditioning circuit provides a 22.5V voltage excitation and a 2~10mA current excitation to complete filtering, baseline raising, and impedance matching; the domestic FPGA with built-in ADC samples, quantizes, and preprocesses the analog signal in real time using a ring buffer, and writes the digital signal into a 4GB Flash memory to achieve non-volatile storage, with no long cable transmission throughout the process.
[0032] This invention employs a domestically produced FPGA with a built-in ADC as the core control and acquisition unit. The FPGA, or Field-Programmable Gate Array, is a programmable logic device that allows for configuration of internal logic circuits according to functional requirements, enabling signal acquisition, data processing, interface control, and timing management. The built-in ADC refers to the FPGA chip's integrated analog-to-digital converter, which directly converts analog pressure signals into digital signals. "Domestically produced" means the FPGA chip is designed and manufactured by a domestic company, ensuring independent control over the core component. This FPGA simultaneously performs functions such as analog signal digitization, real-time buffering, data storage control, expansion module identification and interface mode configuration, and clock calibration, improving system integration, reliability, and anti-interference capabilities.
[0033] 4. Data readback (wired direct connection readback mode) After the test, if Figure 3 As shown, the wired readback module 11 is connected to the expansion interface 1 through the wired readback module plug 10, and the data in the Flash is read and erased via wired means, thus completing a single test.
[0034] Example 2: Extended Wireless Communication Mode (Wireless Telemetry) Complete the installation, fixation, and power-on process according to Example 1.
[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the pen-type free-field digital sensor reading is in wireless telemetry readback mode. Specifically, the expansion module 8 (wireless communication module) is reliably connected to the expansion interface 1 through the expansion plug 7; and the wireless antenna is connected to the IPEX interface 9 on the expansion module 8.
[0036] The FPGA detects the connection of expansion module 8, automatically configures the UART interface to wireless telemetry mode, and drives the wireless communication module to work according to the asynchronous serial communication protocol.
[0037] After the shock wave signal is acquired, processed, and buffered, it is uploaded to the host computer in real time by the FPGA through the wireless communication module, realizing wireless long-distance transmission of explosion field data. Data can be acquired without retrieving the sensor on site, and multi-functional tests can be completed.
[0038] Example 3: BeiDou / GPS Time Synchronization Extended Mode (High-Precision Synchronization) Complete the installation, fixation, and power-on process according to Example 1.
[0039] Connect the BeiDou / GPS timing extension module and connect the satellite antenna to IPEX interface 9.
[0040] The FPGA automatically configures the UART interface to receive satellite positioning and timing data, captures the pulse-of-seconds (PPS) signal through an external interrupt pin, performs phase discipline and calibration on the on-chip acquisition clock, and achieves high-precision absolute time synchronization between multiple sensors to meet the needs of multi-point synchronous testing.
[0041] Example 4: High-power battery extended mode (long-term field monitoring) Complete the installation and fixation according to Example 1.
[0042] By connecting a high-power battery expansion module, the FPGA-controlled power management circuit automatically switches the power supply path, prioritizing the use of external high-power batteries for power supply, and providing online float charging for the internal 3.7V lithium battery.
[0043] The system maintains low power consumption, significantly extending standby and continuous working time, meeting the needs of unattended operation in the field and long-cycle shock wave monitoring.
[0044] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned pen-type free-field shock wave digital sensor, which effectively solves the problems of large transmission interference, complex deployment and debugging, and poor functional expandability of traditional sensors. It has the advantages of high accuracy, convenient installation, expandable functions, low power consumption and long battery life, and shock and interference resistance, and is suitable for high-precision testing of free-field shock wave pressure in weapon explosion fields.
[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims
1. A pen-type free-field shock wave digital sensor, characterized in that: It includes a pen-style protective body, a sensing module, a data acquisition and storage circuit module, a power supply module, a wired readback module, and an expansion module; the sensing module, data acquisition and storage circuit module, and power supply module are integrated and packaged inside the pen-style protective body to form an integrated pen-style structure; the pen-style protective body is provided with an expansion interface, and the expansion module is connected to the expansion interface through an expansion plug; the wired readback module is connected to the expansion interface through a wired readback module plug.
2. The pen-type free-field shock wave digital sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pen-style protective body is streamlined and made of high-strength aluminum alloy.
3. The pen-type free-field shock wave digital sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion plug and the wired readback module plug are both compatible with the expansion interface.
4. A pen-type free-field shock wave digital sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acquisition and storage circuit module includes a signal conditioning circuit, a 4GB Flash memory, a domestic FPGA with a built-in ADC, a temperature-compensated crystal oscillator, and a low-noise LDO voltage regulator module. The signal conditioning circuit provides a 22.5V voltage excitation and a 2~10mA current excitation to the sensing module through an operational amplifier, a DC-DC power supply chip, and a constant current tube.
5. A pen-type free-field shock wave digital sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power module is powered by a single 3.7V battery, which supports continuous operation of the sensor for 24 hours.
6. A pen-type free-field shock wave digital sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion module includes one of the following: a wireless communication module, a BeiDou / GPS timing module, and a high-power battery module.
7. A pen-type free-field shock wave digital sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital sensor is equipped with a dedicated mounting fixture, which has a fixing hole, a height positioning hole, and an angle positioning hole. The fixture is fixed to the free field support through the height positioning hole, the height positioning hole is used to adjust the height of the fixture, the angle positioning hole is used to adjust the elevation angle of the digital sensor, and the fixing hole is used to fix the digital sensor.
8. A pen-type free-field shock wave digital sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion module has an IPEX interface on its outer surface for quick plugging and unplugging and reliable connection of wireless communication antennas and BeiDou / GPS timing antennas.