Wheel side reducer operating state monitoring device and monitoring method

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a wheel-side reducer operation state monitoring device and a monitoring method. The monitoring device comprises a base configured to be mounted on the wheel-side reducer, a first driving mechanism provided on the base and comprising a first output portion rotatable about a rotation axis, a second driving mechanism connected to the first output portion and comprising a second output portion extending radially along the rotation axis, and a monitoring member provided on the second output portion. The first driving mechanism is configured to drive the second driving mechanism and the monitoring member to rotate about the rotation axis, and the second driving mechanism is configured to drive the monitoring member to move radially along the rotation axis. The monitoring member can be positioned at multiple monitoring positions, thereby achieving low-cost fixed-point vibration monitoring and cyclic monitoring of multiple key positions of the wheel-side reducer, while comprehensively covering the key areas of the reducer and evaluating the operation health state in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of vibration monitoring technology, specifically to a device and method for monitoring the operating status of a wheel-side reducer. Background Technology

[0002] Vibration monitoring of wheel-side reducers is crucial, primarily because as a key transmission component, they endure harsh conditions of heavy loads and impacts over extended periods, resulting in a high risk of failure. Implementing vibration monitoring is a core means of shifting from "periodic maintenance" to "predictive maintenance." It can accurately detect early signs of failure in core components such as gears and bearings, providing early warnings of potential problems. This not only effectively avoids unplanned downtime and major safety accidents caused by catastrophic damage but also significantly extends equipment lifespan and reduces overall maintenance costs through precise maintenance scheduling, ultimately ensuring the safe, reliable, and efficient operation of equipment. It is an essential component of modern intelligent operation and maintenance management for equipment.

[0003] In some related technologies, in order to obtain accurate operating status of the reducer, it is necessary to deploy multiple vibration acceleration sensors to monitor the vibration status. At the same time, higher requirements are placed on the range and resolution of the acceleration sensors. Therefore, the cost of building a complete vibration status monitoring system is relatively high. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Some embodiments of this disclosure propose a device and method for monitoring the operating status of a wheel-side reducer, which can alleviate problems such as high monitoring costs.

[0005] In one aspect of this disclosure, a wheel-side reducer operating status monitoring device is provided, comprising:

[0006] A base is configured to be mounted on the wheel-side reducer;

[0007] A first drive mechanism, located on the base, includes a first output section that can rotate about a rotation axis;

[0008] A second drive mechanism, connected to the first output section, and including a second output section extending radially along the rotation axis; and

[0009] The monitoring component is located in the second output section;

[0010] The first drive mechanism is configured to drive the second drive mechanism and the monitoring element to rotate about the rotation axis, and the second drive mechanism is configured to drive the monitoring element to move radially along the rotation axis.

[0011] In some embodiments, the wheel-side reducer operating status monitoring device further includes:

[0012] A first track, disposed on the base around the axis of rotation; and

[0013] A mounting base is connected to the second output section, and the monitoring component is disposed on the mounting base; the mounting base is slidably engaged with the first track so that the monitoring component moves along the first track under the drive of the first drive mechanism.

[0014] In some embodiments, the wheel-side reducer operating status monitoring device further includes:

[0015] A second track is disposed on the base around the axis of rotation and located radially inside the first track; and

[0016] The support is slidably disposed on the second track and is supportedly connected to the second drive mechanism.

[0017] In some embodiments, the wheel-side reducer operating status monitoring device further includes:

[0018] A third track is disposed on the base and extends radially along the axis of rotation and communicates with the first track. The mounting base is configured to be switchable between the third track and the first track.

[0019] Monitoring positions are provided on both the third track and the first track, and the monitoring positions correspond to the parts of the wheel-side reducer that need to be monitored.

[0020] In some embodiments, the wheel-side reducer operating status monitoring device further includes:

[0021] A third track is provided on the base and extends radially along the axis of rotation and communicates with the second track. The third track has an assembly opening configured to allow the support to be inserted into the third track and moved along the third track to the second track for movement along the second track.

[0022] In some embodiments, the wheel-side reducer operating status monitoring device further includes:

[0023] An electromagnetic component is provided at a monitoring position on the base, the monitoring position corresponding to the part of the wheel-side reducer to be monitored.

[0024] The electromagnetic component is configured to generate a magnetic attraction force when energized to attract and fix the mounting base to the monitoring position, and to lose its magnetism when de-energized to release the mounting base.

[0025] In some embodiments, the base is provided with a plurality of monitoring positions, and each monitoring position is provided with an electromagnetic component.

[0026] In one aspect of this disclosure, a monitoring method for a wheel-side reducer operating status monitoring device is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0027] S10, while the vehicle containing the wheel-side reducer is in operation, acquires the current position of the monitoring component and compares the current position of the monitoring component with the positions of multiple monitoring positions on the base; the monitoring positions correspond to the parts of the wheel-side reducer to be monitored.

[0028] S20 moves the monitoring component to the monitoring position closest to the monitoring component through the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism according to the comparison result, collects the vibration signal of the wheel-side reducer through the monitoring component, and accumulates the monitoring time;

[0029] When the cumulative monitoring time reaches the preset monitoring time threshold, S30 moves the monitoring device to the next monitoring position to complete the monitoring of all monitoring positions on the base.

[0030] In some embodiments, step S10 further includes: controlling the electromagnetic components corresponding to all monitoring positions to be de-energized;

[0031] Step S20 further includes: before collecting the vibration signal of the wheel-side reducer through the monitoring component, controlling the electromagnetic component corresponding to the monitoring position to be energized, so that the electromagnetic component adsorbs and fixes the mounting base of the monitoring component;

[0032] Step S30 further includes: before moving the monitoring component to the next monitoring position, controlling the electromagnetic component corresponding to the current monitoring position to be de-energized and releasing the mounting base.

[0033] In some embodiments, step S10 further includes: determining whether the vehicle is in operation based on the vehicle's engine speed signal or vehicle speed signal.

[0034] Based on the above technical solution, this disclosure has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0035] In some embodiments, by setting a single movable monitoring element and coordinating the control of the first and second drive mechanisms, it can be positioned to multiple monitoring locations, thereby achieving point-to-point vibration monitoring of key parts such as the gear meshing area and bearing housing of the wheel-side reducer at low cost. This solution eliminates the need to deploy multiple fixed sensors, significantly reducing hardware costs and system complexity. At the same time, it can comprehensively cover the key areas of the reducer, assess its operational health status in real time, and provide timely warnings of typical faults such as abnormal wear, loose connections, and lubrication failure. This provides OEMs with an efficient and reliable predictive maintenance method in R&D verification, production quality inspection, and after-sales operation and maintenance, and has outstanding cost reduction and efficiency improvement value. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this disclosure and form part of this disclosure, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and are used to explain the disclosure, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the disclosure. In the drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device provided according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0038] Figure 2 This is an exploded schematic diagram of a wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device provided according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of a base provided according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device provided according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0041] Figure 5 for Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of local structure A in the image;

[0042] Figure 6 for Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of local structure B in the image;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring status of a wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device provided according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of monitoring state two of the wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device provided according to some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0045] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring process of a wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device provided according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0046] The labels in the attached diagram are explained as follows:

[0047] 1-Base; 11-Monitoring position; 111-First monitoring position; 112-Second monitoring position; 113-Third monitoring position; 114-Fourth monitoring position; 115-Fifth monitoring position; 116-Sixth monitoring position; 12-First connecting hole; 13-Mounting part;

[0048] 2-First drive mechanism; 21-Motor; 22-First output section; 23-Second connecting hole;

[0049] 3-Second drive mechanism; 31-Telescopic cylinder; 32-Second output part; 33-Connecting part;

[0050] 4-Monitoring Items;

[0051] 5-First track;

[0052] 6-Mounting base;

[0053] 7-Second track;

[0054] 8-Support;

[0055] 9-Third track; 91-Assembly opening; 92-Fourth track;

[0056] 10-Electromagnetic components.

[0057] It should be understood that the dimensions of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Furthermore, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components. Detailed Implementation

[0058] Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The descriptions of the exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative and are in no way intended to limit the present disclosure or its application or use. The present disclosure may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully express the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative arrangement of components and steps, the composition of materials, numerical expressions, and values ​​set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as exemplary only and not as limiting.

[0059] The terms "first," "second," and similar words used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different parts. Words such as "including" or "contains" mean that the element preceding the word encompasses the element listed after it, and do not exclude the possibility of encompassing other elements as well. Terms such as "above," "below," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, this relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0060] In this disclosure, when a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, an intermediary device may or may not be present between the specific device and the first or second device. When a specific device is described as being connected to other devices, the specific device may be directly connected to the other devices without an intermediary device, or it may be not directly connected to the other devices but have an intermediary device.

[0061] All terms used in this disclosure (including technical or scientific terms) have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in a general dictionary, such as a dictionary, should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art, and not as having an idealized or highly formalized meaning, unless expressly defined herein.

[0062] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, they should be considered part of the specification.

[0063] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device includes a base 1, a first drive mechanism 2, a second drive mechanism 3, and a monitoring component 4.

[0064] The base 1 is configured to be mounted on the wheel-side reducer, serving as the supporting foundation for the entire monitoring device.

[0065] The first drive mechanism 2 is located on the base 1. The first drive mechanism 2 includes a first output part 22 that can rotate about a rotation axis.

[0066] The second drive mechanism 3 is connected to the first output section 22, and the second drive mechanism 3 includes a second output section 32 extending radially along the rotation axis.

[0067] The monitoring component 4 is located in the second output section 32.

[0068] The first drive mechanism 2 is configured to drive the second drive mechanism 3 and the monitoring element 4 to rotate around the rotation axis. The second drive mechanism 3 is configured to drive the monitoring element 4 to move radially along the rotation axis so that the monitoring element 4 reaches the monitoring position 11, which corresponds to the part of the wheel-side reducer to be monitored. Multiple monitoring positions 11 can be provided on the base 1.

[0069] During operation, the position of the monitoring component 4 can be adjusted by the cooperation of the first drive mechanism 2 and the second drive mechanism 3, so that the monitoring component 4 reaches the monitoring position 11, realizing precise positioning of any position on the two-dimensional polar coordinate plane on the surface of the wheel-side reducer housing. This enables fixed-point monitoring of multiple key parts of the wheel-side reducer and comprehensive monitoring of the wheel-side reducer status, so as to evaluate the operating health status of the wheel-side reducer in real time and provide timely warnings of abnormal wear, loosening, lubrication failure and other faults, which is of great significance for OEMs to reduce costs and increase efficiency.

[0070] In the above embodiment, by setting a monitoring element 4 and controlling it to monitor at different monitoring positions 11, the cost is low, and by controlling the position change of the monitoring element 4, all-round monitoring of the wheel-side reducer status can be achieved, which is of great significance for OEMs to reduce costs and increase efficiency.

[0071] In some embodiments, the first drive mechanism 2 includes a motor.

[0072] In some embodiments, the second drive mechanism 3 includes a telescopic cylinder.

[0073] In some embodiments, the monitoring element 4 includes a vibration sensor.

[0074] In some embodiments, the wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device further includes a first track 5 and a mounting base 6.

[0075] The first track 5 is positioned around the rotation axis on the base 1. Multiple monitoring positions 11 are provided on the first track 5, for reference... Figure 3 Each monitoring position 11 can correspond to different parts of the wheel-side reducer housing to be monitored, such as the bearing housing, gear meshing area, or near the sealing structure.

[0076] Mounting base 6 is connected to the second output section 32, and monitoring element 4 is disposed on mounting base 6. Mounting base 6 is slidably engaged with the first track 5, so that under the drive of the first drive mechanism 2, mounting base 6 can drive monitoring element 4 to move along the first track 5, thereby reaching different monitoring positions 11.

[0077] In the above embodiment, the first track 5 provides guidance and support for the circumferential movement of the mounting base 6, which helps to improve the smoothness of the movement process and the repeatability of positioning accuracy. At the same time, integrating multiple monitoring positions 11 in the circumferential direction of the track facilitates multi-point coverage monitoring of key parts of the wheel-side reducer.

[0078] In some embodiments, the mounting base 6 may be at least partially made of a magnetically conductive material, such as iron, low-carbon steel, or other metals suitable for magnetic attraction. By using such a material, the mounting base 6 can be effectively attracted when the electromagnetic component 10 is energized to generate a magnetic field, thereby maintaining relative stability during monitoring; and when the electromagnetic component 10 is de-energized, the magnetic attraction disappears, facilitating the movement of the mounting base 6 along the track under the action of the drive mechanism.

[0079] In some embodiments, the wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device further includes a second track 7 and a support 8.

[0080] The second track 7 is located on the base 1 around the axis of rotation and is located radially inside the first track 5.

[0081] The support 8 is slidably mounted on the second track 7 and is supported and connected to the second drive mechanism 3.

[0082] In the above embodiments, by providing the second track 7 and the support 8, the second drive mechanism 3 can obtain further radial and circumferential support during operation. This helps to improve the smoothness of the movement and the structural rigidity of the second drive mechanism 3.

[0083] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The bottom of the support 8 can be configured as a spherical structure, such as a spherical crown or a partial spherical shape. This spherical structure mates with the contact surface of the second track 7, allowing the support 8 to adapt to minor unevenness or assembly deviations on the track surface during sliding along the second track 7. Point contact or small-area contact can be formed during movement, helping to reduce local frictional resistance and the risk of jamming, thereby improving the smoothness of the support 8's movement and its long-term operational reliability.

[0084] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 The wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device also includes a third track 9. The third track 9 is located on the base 1 and extends radially along the rotation axis. One end of the third track 9 connects to the first track 5 at a certain position in the circumferential direction, forming a continuous sliding path. The mounting base 6 is configured to switch between the third track 9 and the first track 5. For example, it can enter the circumferential track for scanning after radial positioning is completed, or it can switch from the circumferential track to the radial track to adjust the monitoring position.

[0085] Monitoring positions 11 are provided on both the third track 9 and the first track 5, and the monitoring positions 11 correspond to the parts of the wheel-side reducer to be monitored.

[0086] In the above embodiment, one or more monitoring positions 11 can be provided on the first track 5 and the third track 9, respectively. Each monitoring position 11 corresponds to a different part of the wheel-side reducer housing to be monitored, such as the bearing area, gear meshing area, sealing structure, or weak point of the housing. By arranging monitoring positions 11 on the two tracks, the reach of the monitoring element 4 can be expanded, enabling it to not only cover key points distributed circumferentially, but also to perform fixed-point monitoring of measuring points located at different radial distances. This composite track structure helps to improve the spatial adaptability and monitoring flexibility of the device. The switching of the mounting base 6 between the first track 5 and the third track 9 can realize the monitoring of multiple discrete measuring points in the two-dimensional polar coordinate plane without increasing additional drive degrees of freedom, thereby providing more data support for the comprehensive evaluation of the wheel-side reducer's operating status.

[0087] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device also includes a third track 9. The third track 9 is located on the base 1 and extends radially along the axis of rotation, communicating with the second track 7 to form a continuous path from the radial channel to the annular track. The third track 9 is provided with an assembly opening 91, which is configured to allow the support 8 to be inserted into the third track 9 and move along the third track 9 to the second track 7 for movement along the second track 7.

[0088] In the above embodiment, by providing the third track 9 and the assembly opening 91, the support 8 can be installed without disassembling the base 1, which helps to simplify the assembly process. Furthermore, this structure facilitates later maintenance or replacement of the support 8, improving the maintainability and ease of use of the device.

[0089] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4 and Figure 6 The wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device also includes an electromagnetic component 10. The electromagnetic component 10 is located at a monitoring position 11 on the base 1, and the monitoring position 11 corresponds to the part of the wheel-side reducer to be monitored. The electromagnetic component 10 is configured to generate magnetic attraction when energized to attract and fix the mounting base 6 to the monitoring position 11, and to lose magnetism when de-energized to release the mounting base 6.

[0090] In the above embodiments, the electromagnetic component 10 can restrict the position of the mounting base 6 during monitoring, which helps to improve the relative stability between the monitoring component 4 and the part to be monitored. Simultaneously, locking and releasing are achieved through electrical signal control, facilitating integration with automated control systems. This supports automatic switching, fixed-point stopping, and sequential inspection among multiple monitoring positions 11, improving monitoring efficiency and device reliability. Furthermore, this non-contact, electrically controlled locking method eliminates the need for mechanical clips or threaded fasteners, simplifying positioning operations and providing convenience for subsequent maintenance.

[0091] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 The base 1 is provided with multiple monitoring positions 11, and each monitoring position 11 is provided with an electromagnetic component 10.

[0092] This disclosure also provides a monitoring method for a wheel-side reducer operating status monitoring device, which includes the following steps:

[0093] S10 obtains the current position of the monitoring component 4 when the vehicle containing the wheel-side reducer is in operation, and compares the current position of the monitoring component 4 with the positions of multiple monitoring positions 11 on the base 1; the monitoring positions 11 correspond to the parts of the wheel-side reducer to be monitored.

[0094] S20 moves the monitoring component 4 to the monitoring position 11 closest to the monitoring component 4 through the first drive mechanism 2 and the second drive mechanism 3 according to the comparison result, collects the vibration signal of the wheel-side reducer through the monitoring component 4, and accumulates the monitoring time;

[0095] When the cumulative monitoring time reaches the preset monitoring time threshold, S30 moves the monitoring component 4 to the next monitoring position 11 to complete the monitoring of all monitoring positions 11 on the base 1.

[0096] In some embodiments, step S10 further includes: controlling the electromagnetic components 10 corresponding to all monitoring bits 11 to be de-energized.

[0097] Step S20 further includes: before collecting the vibration signal of the wheel-side reducer through the monitoring component 4, controlling the electromagnetic component 10 corresponding to the monitoring position 11 to be energized, so that the electromagnetic component 10 adsorbs and fixes the mounting base 6 of the monitoring component 4.

[0098] Step S30 further includes: before moving the monitoring element 4 to the next monitoring position 11, controlling the electromagnetic element 10 corresponding to the current monitoring position 11 to be de-energized and releasing the mounting base 6.

[0099] In some embodiments, step S10 further includes: determining whether the vehicle is in operation based on the vehicle's engine speed signal or vehicle speed signal.

[0100] The following is combined Figures 1 to 8 This document describes in detail some specific embodiments of the wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device.

[0101] The wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device includes a base 1, a first drive mechanism 2, a second drive mechanism 3, a monitoring component 4, a mounting base 6, a support 8, an electromagnetic component 10, and a controller.

[0102] The base 1, serving as the supporting structure for the entire device, can be made of rigid materials (such as aluminum alloy or steel) to ensure its structural stability and long-term durability under complex working conditions. A mounting portion 13 is provided in the central area of ​​the base 1. This mounting portion 13 is, for example, a circular through hole, for fixing the first drive mechanism 2 to the base 1 using bolts. Furthermore, the base 1 has multiple first connecting holes 12 near its outer edge, allowing the base 1 to be fixed integrally to the end face of the wheel-side reducer using bolts, thereby achieving reliable installation of the device.

[0103] The base 1 is equipped with a first track 5, a second track 7, a third track 9 and a fourth track 92.

[0104] The first track 5 is a ring track, which is arranged around the mounting part 13 and machined on the upper surface of the base 1 to guide the mounting seat 6 to move circumferentially. The cross-sectional shape of the first track 5 matches the bottom contour of the mounting seat 6 to ensure the smoothness and guiding accuracy of its sliding process.

[0105] The second track 7 is an arc-shaped track, which is also arranged around the mounting part 13 and is located radially inside the first track 5, and is used to support and guide the movement of the support 8.

[0106] The third track 9 extends radially along the axis of rotation, with one end connected to the first track 5 and the other end connected to the second track 7, thus forming a continuous sliding path from the outside in. The third track 9 has an assembly opening 91 for inserting the support 8 into the track system during the initial assembly stage. After assembly, the support 8 can slide along the third track 9 and enter the second track 7 to meet the support requirements of the second drive mechanism 3 during operation.

[0107] The base 1 is also equipped with multiple monitoring positions 11, such as the first monitoring position 111, the second monitoring position 112, the third monitoring position 113, the fourth monitoring position 114, the fifth monitoring position 115, and the sixth monitoring position 116. Each monitoring position 11 is equipped with an electromagnetic component 10. Each monitoring position 11 corresponds to a different area to be monitored on the wheel-side reducer, such as the bearing housing, the gear meshing area, etc. Each monitoring position 11 is equipped with an electromagnetic component 10, which is used to temporarily attach and fix the mounting base 6 to that position when energized, so as to carry out stable data acquisition; when the power is off, the mounting base 6 is released, allowing it to continue to move and drive the monitoring component 4 to the next monitoring position 11.

[0108] The first drive mechanism 2 includes a motor 21, which can be a stepper motor or a servo motor, and has precise angle control capabilities to achieve accurate adjustment of the circumferential position. The first output part 22 is the output shaft of the motor 21.

[0109] The first drive mechanism 2 is mounted on the mounting portion 13 of the base 1. Specifically, the motor 21 is bolted to the mounting portion 13 through multiple second connection holes 23, thereby firmly fixing it to the base 1. The first output portion 22 extends from the upper surface of the base 1 and is fixedly connected to the connecting piece 33 of the second drive mechanism 3 through a key connection, interference fit, or other reliable transmission method, so that the second drive mechanism 3 can rotate synchronously with the first output portion 22 around the rotation axis.

[0110] The second drive mechanism 3 includes a telescopic cylinder 31 and a connecting member 33. The telescopic cylinder 31 includes a cylinder body and a cylinder rod, with the cylinder rod forming the second output part 32. The connecting member 33 fixes the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder 31 to the first output part 22, thereby allowing the entire second drive mechanism 3 to rotate circumferentially together with the first drive mechanism 2.

[0111] The cylinder body is the main body of the telescopic cylinder. An electric push rod mechanism (such as a ball screw, screw and nut pair) or a micro hydraulic / pneumatic system can be integrated inside the cylinder body. Under the command of an external controller, the cylinder rod is driven to extend or retract radially along the rotation axis. The front end of the cylinder rod is connected to the mounting base 6 through a threaded connection, pin hinge, or other detachable connection method to realize power transmission, thereby transmitting the radial telescopic motion to the mounting base 6, causing the monitoring element 4 on it to move closer to or away from the target measuring point on the surface of the wheel-side reducer housing.

[0112] The mounting base 6 is connected to the cylinder rod end and the monitoring component 4, and moves in the first track 5 under the drive of the first drive mechanism 2, or moves along the third track 9 or the fourth track 92 under the drive of the second drive mechanism 3, so as to realize the position adjustment of the monitoring component 4; the mounting base 6 can be made of iron material, and has a sliding block at the bottom, which can cooperate with the first track 5, the third track 9 and the fourth track 92, and can slide on the track.

[0113] Monitoring component 4 includes a piezoelectric sensor or a MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) sensor, which is connected to an external data acquisition system via a cable to monitor the vibration signal of the wheel-side reducer. Monitoring component 4 can be fixed to the mounting base 6 by a threaded connection.

[0114] The support 8 includes a spherical head and a support rod. The spherical head is used to insert into the third track 9 through the assembly opening 91 during the initial installation of the support 8. The support rod connects to the spherical head and can be connected to the second drive mechanism 3 by bolts. The support 8 can slide freely in the second track 7, thereby providing auxiliary support to the second drive mechanism 3, reducing the lateral force or bending moment borne by the connecting member 33, and ensuring the smooth and reliable operation of the second drive mechanism 3.

[0115] The base 1 is provided with multiple monitoring positions 11, such as a first monitoring position 111, a second monitoring position 112, a third monitoring position 113, a fourth monitoring position 114, a fifth monitoring position 115, and a sixth monitoring position 116. Each monitoring position 11 is provided with an electromagnetic component 10.

[0116] Each electromagnetic component 10 can be controlled by an external circuit to switch on and off. It generates magnetism when energized and loses its magnetism when de-energized. The mounting base 6 can be made of ferrous material. When it moves to coincide with the position of any electromagnetic component 10, it can be attracted and fixed by the energization of the electromagnetic component 10, and released when the power is off, thus completing the rapid locking and unlocking of the mounting base 6 in the designated position. The number and arrangement of the electromagnetic components 10 can be flexibly adjusted according to actual monitoring needs.

[0117] The controller is electrically connected to the first drive mechanism 2, the second drive mechanism 3, and the electromagnetic component 10. The controller controls the rotation of the first drive mechanism 2 and receives the rotation angle output in real time from the first drive mechanism 2; the controller controls the extension and retraction of the second drive mechanism 3 and receives the extension amount output in real time from the second drive mechanism 3; the controller also controls the energization or de-energization of the electromagnetic component 10, thereby controlling the presence or absence of magnetism in the electromagnetic component 10, and realizing the fixing and releasing of the mounting base 6. In addition, the controller can receive engine speed signals and vehicle speed signals, and has data processing and timing functions to support monitoring timing control and status judgment.

[0118] The installation process of the wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device is as follows: the first drive mechanism 2 is installed on the mounting part 13 of the base 1; the base 1 is fixed to the end face of the wheel-side reducer through the first connecting hole 12, ensuring that the contact surface between the base 1 and the reducer is flat and in close contact; the second drive mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to the first output part 22 of the first drive mechanism 2 through the connector 33; the support 8 is installed into the second track 7 through the assembly opening 91, and its support rod is connected to the cylinder body of the second drive mechanism 3 through bolts to form an auxiliary support; the mounting base 6 is assembled onto the first track 5 and connected to the cylinder rod end of the second drive mechanism 3; the monitoring component 4 is installed on the mounting base 6 to complete the assembly of the whole machine.

[0119] The wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device can automatically adjust the position of the measuring point and collect vibration signals. During operation, the controller controls the first drive mechanism 2 to rotate, driving the second drive mechanism 3 and the mounting base 6 to move along the first track 5, bringing the monitoring component 4 to the target monitoring position. During this process, the support 8 slides synchronously along the second track 7, providing stable auxiliary support for the second drive mechanism 3. When the mounting base 6 moves to coincide with the position of the electromagnetic component 10 on the target monitoring position 11, the controller controls the electromagnetic component 10 to be energized, generating magnetism to attract and fix the mounting base 6, ensuring the stable position of the monitoring component 4 during monitoring. The monitoring component 4 collects the vibration signal of the wheel-side reducer and transmits it to an external analysis system via a data cable for operation status monitoring and fault diagnosis. After completing the monitoring of the current monitoring position, the controller controls the electromagnetic component 10 to be de-energized, the magnetism disappears, and then the first drive mechanism 2 and the second drive mechanism 3 work together to move the monitoring component 4 to the next monitoring position, repeating the above positioning, fixing, and acquisition process to achieve multi-point automated monitoring.

[0120] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 9 The monitoring method described is for a wheel-side reducer operating status monitoring device.

[0121] The controller first receives the engine speed signal to determine whether the vehicle is in operation; if the vehicle is in operation, it starts the position identification program of monitoring component 4.

[0122] The controller de-energizes all electromagnetic components 10 and releases the mounting base 6. Based on the current rotation angle of the first drive mechanism 2 and the current extension / retraction of the second drive mechanism 3, the controller calculates the current position coordinates of the monitoring component 4 and compares them with the position coordinates of the electromagnetic components 10 corresponding to the six preset monitoring positions 11 to determine whether the monitoring component 4 is in a certain monitoring position 11. If the current position of the monitoring component 4 is not aligned with any monitoring position 11, the controller controls the first drive mechanism 2 and the second drive mechanism 3 to work together to move the monitoring component 4 to the nearest monitoring position 11.

[0123] Once in position, the controller energizes the electromagnetic component 10 at the corresponding monitoring position 11 to generate magnetism, thereby attracting and locking the mounting base 6 to ensure the stable position of the monitoring component 4 during monitoring; then the monitoring component 4 is activated to collect vibration signals.

[0124] The controller receives the vehicle speed signal and determines whether the vehicle is in motion. If the vehicle is in motion, it starts the cumulative timing of vibration monitoring time. When the cumulative monitoring time reaches the preset monitoring time threshold, the controller controls the electromagnetic component 10 to be de-energized, releases the mounting base 6, and controls the first drive mechanism 2 and the second drive mechanism 3 to move the monitoring component 4 to the next monitoring position 11. The positioning, locking, monitoring and timing process is repeated to realize multi-point cyclic automatic monitoring.

[0125] In some embodiments, the controller establishes an electrical connection with each functional component via cables or a vehicle bus system and has the following functions:

[0126] Input signal reception: Receives engine speed and vehicle speed signals from the vehicle system;

[0127] Output control: controls the rotation of the first drive mechanism 2, the extension and retraction of the second drive mechanism 3, and the on / off state of the electromagnetic component 10;

[0128] Data acquisition: Connect monitoring component 4 to acquire vibration data of the wheel-side reducer in real time;

[0129] Position feedback: Communicates with the encoder or position sensor built into the first drive mechanism 2 and the second drive mechanism 3 to obtain the motor rotation angle and the extension and retraction of the telescopic cylinder in real time. The two together constitute the current position coordinates of the monitoring component 4.

[0130] The controller also has pre-stored the precise position coordinates of each monitoring position 11. Each coordinate corresponds to a set of target motor rotation angles and target telescopic cylinder extension amounts, which are used to realize the automatic positioning and multi-point cyclic monitoring of the monitoring component 4.

[0131] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 9 Some specific embodiments of the monitoring method for the wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device are described, which include the following steps.

[0132] 1) System activation and running status determination

[0133] The controller continuously receives engine speed signals from the vehicle system; when the speed signal is higher than the preset idle speed threshold, the controller determines that the vehicle is in operation and then automatically activates and starts the position recognition and automatic adjustment program of monitoring component 4.

[0134] 2) Current location recognition and unlocking

[0135] After the control program is started, the controller first controls all electromagnetic components 10 to be de-energized, eliminating the magnetism of all electromagnetic components 10, so that the mounting base 6 is in a movable unlocked state; then, the controller reads feedback signals such as the current rotation angle of the first drive mechanism 2 and the current extension amount of the second drive mechanism 3, and calculates the current position coordinates of the monitoring component 4 accordingly.

[0136] 3) Automatically locate the target monitoring position

[0137] The controller will compare the current position coordinates it identifies with the coordinates corresponding to the six pre-stored monitoring bits 11 (including the first monitoring bit 111, the second monitoring bit 112, the third monitoring bit 113, the fourth monitoring bit 114, the fifth monitoring bit 115 and the sixth monitoring bit 116).

[0138] If the current position does not match any monitoring position 11, the nearest monitoring position is selected as the target monitoring position, and the first drive mechanism 2 and the second drive mechanism 3 are controlled to work together to move the mounting base 6 to the target monitoring position; if the current position is already at a monitoring position 11, the moving step is skipped and the subsequent locking operation is performed directly.

[0139] 4) Fixing of monitoring components and activation of vibration monitoring

[0140] When the mounting base 6 reaches the target monitoring position 11, the controller controls the electromagnetic component 10 corresponding to the monitoring position to be energized, so that the electromagnetic component 10 generates magnetic force, attracting and locking the mounting base 6; after the mounting base 6 is fixed, the controller activates the vibration monitoring function of the monitoring component 4 and begins to collect the vibration data of the wheel-side reducer at the monitoring position 11.

[0141] 5) Monitoring duration determination and monitoring location switching

[0142] During the monitoring process, the controller synchronously receives the vehicle speed signal; when the vehicle speed is higher than the zero speed threshold, it determines that the vehicle is in motion and starts the timer to accumulate the effective monitoring time of that monitoring position.

[0143] When the accumulated monitoring time reaches the preset monitoring time threshold (e.g., 10 minutes), the controller executes the monitoring position switching procedure:

[0144] a. De-energize the electromagnetic component 10 corresponding to the current monitoring position and release the mounting base 6;

[0145] b. Drive the first drive mechanism 2 and the second drive mechanism 3 to move the mounting base 6 to the next monitoring position 11 in a predetermined cycle sequence (e.g., from monitoring position 111→112→…→116→111);

[0146] c. Upon reaching the new monitoring position, the electromagnetic component 10 corresponding to that position is energized to fix the mounting base 6, and the vibration monitoring of the monitoring component 4 at the new monitoring position is immediately started, while the timer is reset.

[0147] 6) Loop execution and system termination

[0148] The above process (steps 2 to 5) is executed cyclically while the vehicle is continuously running and driving; when the engine speed signal returns to zero (the vehicle is turned off), the controller determines that the operation has ended, and resets the entire system or puts it into standby mode.

[0149] The method for monitoring the operating status of a wheel-side reducer provided in this disclosure has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0150] The system achieves automated and intelligent monitoring processes: Through an integrated controller, the system can automatically determine the vehicle's operating status and autonomously complete a series of operations, including position identification, movement, fixation, vibration data acquisition, and monitoring position switching of monitoring component 4. Compared to the traditional method of relying on manual handheld devices for point-by-point measurement, this significantly improves monitoring efficiency, reduces reliance on professional operators, and enables unattended long-term online monitoring.

[0151] To improve the accuracy and reliability of monitoring data: A comparison mechanism based on "position coordinates" (determined by the rotation angle of the first drive mechanism 2 and the extension of the second drive mechanism 3) is adopted, and combined with the adsorption and fixation of the mounting base 6 by the electromagnetic component 10, it is ensured that the monitoring component 4 can be accurately and repeatedly positioned and fixed at each preset monitoring position 11 (such as 111–116), which effectively reduces the measurement error caused by the offset or loosening of the monitoring component 4 and ensures the consistency and comparability of the data.

[0152] Avoiding invalid data: The control logic is linked with the engine speed signal and vehicle speed signal: Vibration monitoring is only activated and the monitoring time is accumulated when the vehicle is actually in driving mode; no data is recorded when the vehicle is stationary, idling or running idle, thereby avoiding the collection of meaningless signals and significantly improving data quality and subsequent analysis value.

[0153] Achieving comprehensive and balanced monitoring of the wheel-side reducer: By pre-setting multiple monitoring positions 11 (e.g., six) on the base 1 and employing a cyclic scanning mechanism, the system can periodically scan multiple key parts on the end face of the wheel-side reducer to obtain comprehensive vibration status information. This method helps to promptly detect local faults (such as pitting on a gear or wear on a bearing), overcoming the limitations of single-point monitoring that may miss potential problems.

[0154] Preventive maintenance: The accumulation of long-term, multi-point, and highly reliable vibration data provides a solid foundation for fault trend analysis and health status assessment, enabling the maintenance strategy to shift from "reactive maintenance" to "preventive maintenance," effectively reducing the risk of unplanned downtime and operation and maintenance costs.

[0155] Automatic fault tolerance and reset: The system has a position recognition function. No matter what reason the monitoring component 4 deviates from the target position (such as accidental power failure or mechanical vibration), it can automatically identify the current position and move to the nearest monitoring position after power is restored, ensuring the long-term stable operation and self-recovery capability of the system.

[0156] Compact structure and easy integration: The entire device is integrated on a base, making it compact and able to be directly installed on the end face of the wheel-side reducer without taking up too much space. It is very suitable for deployment in environments with limited space, such as vehicle chassis, and is easy to retrofit and modify on existing vehicle platforms.

[0157] The control method for the wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device disclosed herein can also achieve accurate positioning of the monitoring component and vibration monitoring; through a coordinate positioning method of multiple preset monitoring positions, the position of the monitoring component is defined as the coordinate of "rotation angle + extension amount", and corresponds one-to-one with the position of multiple preset monitoring positions to achieve digital and programmed control; through intelligent start-stop control logic linked to vehicle operation status, the controller responds to "engine speed signal" and "vehicle speed signal" to determine whether to start and effectively accumulate monitoring time to ensure the effectiveness of monitoring; by identifying the current position of the monitoring component when the system is powered on or running, if it is not in the monitoring position, it automatically moves to the nearest monitoring position, and has self-recovery capability.

[0158] The wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device provided in this embodiment has at least the following beneficial effects: it can realize the switching of multiple monitoring positions, so as to realize the comprehensive vibration status monitoring of the reducer at low cost; the support 8 slides in the track and supports the second drive mechanism 3, effectively resisting the lateral force and bending moment generated by the cantilever structure; based on the rapid locking / releasing mechanism of the electromagnetic component to the mounting seat, the non-contact fixing and releasing of the monitoring component is realized by switching on and off the power, which is fast and has no mechanical wear; the base integrates the sliding track, mounting part, monitoring position and other structures to form an independent module that can be installed as a whole.

[0159] This disclosure also provides a vehicle that includes a wheel-side reducer and a wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0160] The wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device can be directly installed on the end face of the vehicle wheel-side reducer to achieve real-time, multi-point vibration monitoring during operation. Through automatic switching of the monitoring component's position, it comprehensively covers key areas of the reducer, significantly improving early fault identification capabilities. This disclosed embodiment achieves efficient and low-cost status monitoring without requiring a large number of additional sensors, providing strong support for OEMs in R&D verification, quality control, and after-sales maintenance, demonstrating significant cost reduction and efficiency improvement value.

[0161] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the wheel-side reducer can be a two-stage reduction device installed on the vehicle's drive wheels.

[0162] Based on the embodiments disclosed above, in the absence of explicit denial or conflict, the technical features of one embodiment may be advantageously combined with one or more other embodiments.

[0163] While specific embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the examples are for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the above embodiments or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. The scope of this disclosure is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring the operating status of a wheel-side reducer, characterized in that, include: The base (1) is configured to be mounted on the wheel-side reducer; The first drive mechanism (2) is located on the base (1) and includes a first output part (22) that can rotate about a rotation axis. The second drive mechanism (3) is connected to the first output section (22) and includes a second output section (32) extending radially along the rotation axis; and The monitoring component (4) is located in the second output section (32); The first drive mechanism (2) is configured to drive the second drive mechanism (3) and the monitoring element (4) to rotate about the rotation axis, and the second drive mechanism (3) is configured to drive the monitoring element (4) to move radially along the rotation axis.

2. The wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The first track (5) is disposed on the base (1) around the rotation axis. as well as Mounting base (6) is connected to the second output part (32), and the monitoring element (4) is disposed on the mounting base (6); the mounting base (6) is slidably engaged with the first track (5) so that the monitoring element (4) moves along the first track (5) under the drive of the first drive mechanism (2).

3. The wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: The second track (7) is disposed on the base (1) around the rotation axis and is located radially inside the first track (5); as well as The support (8) is slidably disposed on the second track (7) and is supported and connected to the second drive mechanism (3).

4. The wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: The third track (9) is disposed on the base (1) and extends radially along the axis of rotation and communicates with the first track (5). The mounting base (6) is configured to be switchable between the third track (9) and the first track (5). Monitoring positions (11) are provided on both the third track (9) and the first track (5), and the monitoring positions (11) correspond to the parts of the wheel-side reducer to be monitored.

5. The wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, Also includes: A third track (9) is provided on the base (1) and extends radially along the axis of rotation and communicates with the second track (7). The third track (9) is provided with an assembly opening (91) configured to allow the support (8) to be inserted into the third track (9) and move along the third track (9) to the second track (7) for movement along the second track (7).

6. The wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An electromagnetic component (10) is provided on the base (1) with a monitoring position (11) corresponding to the part of the wheel-side reducer to be monitored; The electromagnetic component (10) is configured to generate magnetic attraction in the energized state to attract and fix the mounting base (6) of the monitoring component (4) to the monitoring position (11), and the magnetism disappears in the de-energized state to release the mounting base (6).

7. The wheel-side reducer operation status monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The base (1) is provided with a plurality of monitoring positions (11), and each monitoring position (11) is provided with an electromagnetic component (10).

8. A monitoring method for a wheel-side reducer operating status monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S10 obtains the current position of the monitoring component (4) when the vehicle where the wheel-side reducer is located is in operation, and compares the current position of the monitoring component (4) with the position of multiple monitoring positions (11) on the base (1); the monitoring positions (11) correspond to the parts of the wheel-side reducer to be monitored. S20 moves the monitoring component (4) to the monitoring position (11) closest to the monitoring component (4) according to the comparison result through the first drive mechanism (2) and the second drive mechanism (3), and collects the vibration signal of the wheel-side reducer through the monitoring component (4) and accumulates the monitoring time; When the cumulative monitoring time reaches the preset monitoring time threshold, the monitoring component (4) is moved to the next monitoring position (11) to complete the monitoring of all monitoring positions (11) on the base (1).

9. The monitoring method of the wheel-side reducer operating status monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step S10 also includes: de-energizing the electromagnetic components (10) corresponding to all monitoring positions (11); Step S20 further includes: before collecting the vibration signal of the wheel-side reducer through the monitoring component (4), controlling the electromagnetic component (10) corresponding to the monitoring position (11) to be energized, so that the electromagnetic component (10) adsorbs and fixes the mounting base (6) of the monitoring component (4). Step S30 further includes: before moving the monitoring element (4) to the next monitoring position (11), controlling the electromagnetic element (10) corresponding to the current monitoring position (11) to be de-energized and releasing the mounting base (6).

10. The monitoring method of the wheel-side reducer operating status monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step S10 further includes: determining whether the vehicle is in operation based on the vehicle's engine speed signal or vehicle speed signal.

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