Flame-retardant anti-interference cable material, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The application provides a kind of flame-retardant anti-interference cable material and its preparation method and application, belong to cable material technical field.The flame-retardant anti-interference cable material provided by the application includes: rubber 100 parts, nano-silicon dioxide 2-5 parts, activator 1-6 parts, plasticizer 2-4 parts, vulcanizing agent 2-8 parts, vulcanization accelerator 0.1-1 part, antioxidant 1-3 parts and flame retardant 20-40 parts;The flame retardant is silane coupling agent modified composite powder;The composite powder includes magnesium hydroxide, hydrotalcite, molybdenum trioxide and potassium titanate whisker.The application controls the composition of the composite powder, hydrotalcite is first decomposed when burning, then magnesium hydroxide is decomposed, absorbs heat while releasing water vapor, molybdenum trioxide can catalyze carbon layer graphitization and has smoke suppression effect, add potassium titanate whisker, which has excellent thermal stability, plays the role of fibrous skeleton, the four have synergistic effect, further improve the flame-retardant performance of cable material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of cable material technology, specifically relating to a flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Cable insulation plays a crucial role in cable structure, isolating conductors or power lines from the external environment, providing electrical insulation, and preventing current leakage. The quality and performance of cable insulation directly affect the safety and reliability of the cable. To meet fire safety standards, flame retardants are typically added to cable materials. These flame retardants generally include organic and inorganic types. Organic flame retardants may release toxic or harmful components during combustion, thus limiting their application to some extent. Commonly used inorganic flame retardants include magnesium hydroxide or aluminum hydroxide, but their flame-retardant properties still need further improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material, its preparation method, and its application. The cable material provided by this invention has better flame-retardant properties.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material, which, by weight, comprises the following components: 100 parts rubber, 2-5 parts nano silica, 1-6 parts activator, 2-4 parts plasticizer, 2-8 parts vulcanizing agent, 0.1-1 parts vulcanization accelerator, 1-3 parts antioxidant, and 20-40 parts flame retardant. The flame retardant is a silane coupling agent modified composite powder; the composite powder includes magnesium hydroxide, hydrotalcite, molybdenum trioxide, and potassium titanate whiskers.

[0005] Preferably, the mass ratio of magnesium hydroxide, hydrotalcite, molybdenum trioxide and potassium titanate whiskers in the composite powder is (5~10):(2~5):(0.4~1):1.

[0006] Preferably, the composite powder contains magnesium hydroxide with a particle size of 1.5~3μm, hydrotalcite with a particle size of 1~5μm, molybdenum trioxide with a particle size of 0.5~3μm, potassium titanate whiskers with a diameter of 0.2~1μm, and potassium titanate whiskers with a length of 5~30μm.

[0007] Preferably, the activator includes nano zinc oxide and / or nano cerium dioxide.

[0008] Preferably, the plasticizer comprises stearic acid or zinc stearate.

[0009] Preferably, the vulcanizing agent comprises sulfur.

[0010] Preferably, the vulcanization accelerator includes one or more of DM, accelerator M, accelerator TMTD, and accelerator D.

[0011] Preferably, the antioxidant includes amine antioxidants and / or phenolic antioxidants.

[0012] This invention also provides a method for preparing the flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material described in the above technical solution, comprising: Rubber, nano-silica, activator, plasticizer, antioxidant and flame retardant are mixed and then vulcanizing agent and vulcanization accelerator are added to obtain flame retardant and anti-interference cable material.

[0013] The present invention also provides the application of the flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material described in the above technical solution in the cable insulation layer.

[0014] This invention provides a flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material, comprising the following components by weight: 100 parts rubber, 2-5 parts nano-silica, 1-6 parts activator, 2-4 parts plasticizer, 2-8 parts vulcanizing agent, 0.1-1 parts vulcanization accelerator, 1-3 parts antioxidant, and 20-40 parts flame retardant. The flame retardant is a silane coupling agent modified composite powder. The composite powder includes magnesium hydroxide, hydrotalcite, molybdenum trioxide, and potassium titanate whiskers. This invention uses a silane coupling agent modified composite powder as the flame retardant and controls the composition of the composite powder. During combustion, hydrotalcite decomposes first, followed by magnesium hydroxide decomposition, absorbing heat and releasing water vapor, thus achieving a flame-retardant effect. Molybdenum trioxide catalyzes the graphitization of the carbon layer and has a smoke-suppressing effect. The addition of potassium titanate whiskers provides excellent thermal stability and acts as a fibrous skeleton. These four components have a synergistic effect, further improving the flame-retardant performance of the cable material. Detailed Implementation

[0015] This invention provides a flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material, which, by weight, comprises the following components: 100 parts rubber, 2-5 parts nano silica, 1-6 parts activator, 2-4 parts plasticizer, 2-8 parts vulcanizing agent, 0.1-1 parts vulcanization accelerator, 1-3 parts antioxidant, and 20-40 parts flame retardant.

[0016] Unless otherwise specified, the present invention does not have any special limitations on the source of each component, and commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0017] In this invention, the flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material comprises 100 parts by weight of rubber.

[0018] In this invention, the rubber preferably comprises nitrile rubber and natural rubber; the mass ratio of nitrile rubber to natural rubber is preferably (1~3):1. As one embodiment, the mass ratio of nitrile rubber to natural rubber can specifically be 1:1, 1.5:1, 2:1, 2.5:1, or 3:1. This invention controls the composition of the rubber and the ratio of the two components, thereby improving the processing performance of the rubber.

[0019] Based on 100 parts by weight of rubber, the flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material also includes 2 to 5 parts of nano-silica. As one embodiment, the amount of nano-silica can be specifically 2, 3, 4, or 5 parts.

[0020] In this invention, the particle size of the nano-silica is preferably 10-50 nm. By adding nano-silica and controlling its dosage, this invention improves the anti-interference ability and mechanical properties of cable materials, while also enhancing their anti-aging properties.

[0021] Based on 100 parts by weight of rubber, the flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material also includes 1 to 6 parts of activator. As one embodiment, the amount of activator can be specifically 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, or 6 parts.

[0022] In this invention, the activator preferably includes nano-zinc oxide and / or nano-cerium dioxide, more preferably nano-zinc oxide; the particle size of the nano-zinc oxide is preferably 20-30 nm. By adding activators and controlling their type and dosage, this invention accelerates the vulcanization rate and increases the crosslinking density, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the cable material.

[0023] Based on 100 parts by weight of rubber, the flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material also includes 2-4 parts of plasticizer. In one embodiment, the amount of plasticizer may be 3 parts.

[0024] In this invention, the plasticizer preferably includes stearic acid or zinc stearate, more preferably stearic acid. By adding a plasticizer and controlling its type and amount, this invention improves the plasticity and flexibility of rubber, and simultaneously enhances the activation effect in conjunction with nano-zinc oxide.

[0025] Based on 100 parts by weight of rubber, the flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material also includes 2 to 8 parts of vulcanizing agent. As one embodiment, the amount of vulcanizing agent can be specifically 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 parts.

[0026] In this invention, the vulcanizing agent is preferably sulfur. By adding a vulcanizing agent and controlling its type and dosage, this invention ensures that the rubber undergoes a full cross-linking reaction, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the cable material.

[0027] Based on 100 parts by weight of rubber, the flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material further includes 0.1 to 1 part of vulcanization accelerator. As one embodiment, the amount of vulcanization accelerator can be specifically 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, or 1 part.

[0028] In this invention, the vulcanization accelerator preferably includes one or more of DM, accelerator M, accelerator TMTD, and accelerator D. By adding vulcanization accelerators and controlling their type and dosage, this invention can further promote the full vulcanization of rubber and improve the various properties of cable materials.

[0029] Based on 100 parts by weight of rubber, the flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material also includes 1 to 3 parts of an antioxidant. In one embodiment, the antioxidant may be used in an amount of 2 parts.

[0030] In this invention, the antioxidant preferably includes amine antioxidants and / or phenolic antioxidants; the amine antioxidant preferably includes one or more of antioxidant AW, antioxidant 4010NA, and antioxidant D; the phenolic antioxidant preferably includes antioxidant 264. By adding antioxidants and controlling their type and dosage, this invention can further improve the anti-aging performance of cable materials.

[0031] Based on 100 parts by weight of rubber, the flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material also includes 20 to 40 parts of flame retardant. As one embodiment, the amount of flame retardant can be specifically 20, 22, 25, 28, 30, 32, 35, 38, or 40 parts.

[0032] In this invention, the flame retardant is a silane coupling agent modified composite powder; the composite powder includes magnesium hydroxide, hydrotalcite, molybdenum trioxide and potassium titanate whiskers.

[0033] In this invention, the preferred mass ratio of magnesium hydroxide, hydrotalcite, molybdenum trioxide and potassium titanate whiskers in the composite powder is (5~10):(2~5):(0.4~1):1, and more preferably 8:3:0.7:1.

[0034] In this invention, the particle size of magnesium hydroxide in the composite powder is preferably 1.5~3μm, the particle size of hydrotalcite is preferably 1~5μm, the particle size of molybdenum trioxide is preferably 0.5~3μm, the diameter of potassium titanate whiskers is preferably 0.2~1μm, and the length of potassium titanate whiskers is preferably 5~30μm.

[0035] This invention controls the composition, proportion, and particle size of the flame retardant, and the four factors work synergistically to improve the flame retardant performance of cable materials.

[0036] In this invention, the preferred method for preparing the flame retardant is as follows: A silane coupling agent, ethanol, and water are mixed and hydrolyzed to obtain a hydrolysate; the composite powder is then mixed with the hydrolysate and modified to obtain a flame retardant.

[0037] In this invention, the silane coupling agent is preferably KH550.

[0038] In this invention, the volume ratio of ethanol to water is preferably (8~9):(1~2); the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the total mass of ethanol and water is preferably (8~15):100; the hydrolysis temperature is preferably room temperature; and the hydrolysis time is preferably 20~40 min.

[0039] In this invention, the composite powder is preferably dried before use. This invention does not impose special limitations on the drying temperature and time; drying to constant weight can be achieved using techniques well-known to those skilled in the art.

[0040] In this invention, the preferred mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the composite powder is (1~3):100.

[0041] In this invention, the modification temperature is preferably 60~100℃; the modification time is preferably 1~5h; and the modification is preferably carried out under stirring conditions. This invention does not impose any special limitations on the stirring method and rate; any technical solution well-known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0042] After modification, the present invention preferably cools, filters, washes and dries the modified product in sequence to obtain a flame retardant.

[0043] The present invention does not impose any special limitations on the cooling, filtering, washing and drying operations; any technical solution known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0044] This invention controls the composition of the cable material and the amount of each component, so that the cable material has excellent flame retardant properties.

[0045] This invention also provides a method for preparing the flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material described in the above technical solution, comprising: Rubber, nano-silica, activator, plasticizer, antioxidant and flame retardant are mixed and then vulcanizing agent and vulcanization accelerator are added to obtain flame retardant and anti-interference cable material.

[0046] In this invention, the mixing time is preferably 2 to 10 minutes.

[0047] In this invention, the vulcanization temperature is preferably 130~170℃; the vulcanization time is preferably 5~15 min. As one embodiment, the vulcanization temperature can specifically be 130℃, 140℃, 150℃, 160℃, or 170℃; the vulcanization time can specifically be 5 min, 6 min, 7 min, 8 min, 9 min, 10 min, 11 min, 12 min, 13 min, 14 min, or 15 min. This invention controls the vulcanization temperature and time to further improve the various properties of the cable material.

[0048] After vulcanization, the present invention preferably cools the vulcanized product to obtain flame-retardant and interference-resistant cable material. The present invention does not have specific limitations on the cooling operation; cooling to room temperature using cooling techniques well-known to those skilled in the art is sufficient.

[0049] The present invention also provides the application of the flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material described in the above technical solution in the cable insulation layer.

[0050] The present invention does not impose any special limitations on the operation of the application, and any technical solution known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0051] The technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments thereof. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0052] In the examples and comparative examples, the nitrile rubber was grade NBR1704, manufactured by Zhenjiang Nandi Chemical Co., Ltd., with an acrylonitrile content of 19%; the natural rubber was grade SCR20, manufactured by Sanlix Co., Ltd.; the composite powder contained magnesium hydroxide with a particle size of 1.5~3μm, hydrotalcite with a particle size of 1~5μm, molybdenum trioxide with a particle size of 0.5~3μm, potassium titanate whiskers with a diameter of 0.2~1μm and a length of 5~30μm; nano-silica with a particle size of 10~50nm; and nano-zinc oxide with a particle size of 20~30nm.

[0053] Example 1 A flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material, by weight, comprises the following components: 100 parts rubber (68 parts nitrile rubber, 32 parts natural rubber, with a mass ratio of nitrile rubber to natural rubber of 2.1:1), 5 parts nano silica, 4 parts nano zinc oxide, 3 parts stearic acid, 2 parts sulfur, 0.4 parts vulcanization accelerator TMTD, 3 parts antioxidant (phenolic antioxidant 264), and 20 parts flame retardant; wherein the flame retardant is a silane coupling agent modified composite powder; the composite powder is composed of magnesium hydroxide, hydrotalcite, molybdenum trioxide, and potassium titanate whiskers in a mass ratio of 8:3:0.7:1; The flame retardant is prepared as follows: silane coupling agent KH550, ethanol, and water are mixed (the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 9:1, and the mass ratio of silane coupling agent to the total mass of ethanol and water is 10:100), and hydrolyzed at room temperature for 30 minutes to obtain a hydrolysate; the composite powder is dried and then mixed with the hydrolysate (the mass ratio of silane coupling agent to composite powder is 2:100), and modified at 85℃ for 3 hours. After modification, the mixture is cooled, filtered, washed, and dried sequentially to obtain the flame retardant. The preparation method of flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material is as follows: rubber, nano silica, nano zinc oxide, stearic acid, antioxidant and flame retardant are mixed for 5 minutes, then sulfur and vulcanization accelerator TMTD are added, vulcanization is carried out at 150℃ for 10 minutes, and then cooled to obtain flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material.

[0054] Example 2 A flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material, by weight, comprises the following components: 100 parts rubber (68 parts nitrile rubber, 32 parts natural rubber, with a mass ratio of nitrile rubber to natural rubber of 2.1:1), 5 parts nano silica, 4 parts nano zinc oxide, 3 parts stearic acid, 2 parts sulfur, 0.4 parts vulcanization accelerator TMTD, 3 parts antioxidant (phenolic antioxidant 264), and 34 parts flame retardant; the flame retardant is a silane coupling agent modified composite powder; the composite powder is composed of magnesium hydroxide, hydrotalcite, molybdenum trioxide, and potassium titanate whiskers in a mass ratio of 8:3:0.7:1. The preparation methods for flame retardants and flame-retardant anti-interference cable materials are the same as in Example 1.

[0055] Example 3 A flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material, by weight, comprises the following components: 100 parts rubber (68 parts nitrile rubber, 32 parts natural rubber, with a mass ratio of nitrile rubber to natural rubber of 2.1:1), 5 parts nano silica, 4 parts nano zinc oxide, 3 parts stearic acid, 2 parts sulfur, 0.4 parts vulcanization accelerator TMTD, 3 parts antioxidant (phenolic antioxidant 264), and 40 parts flame retardant; wherein the flame retardant is a silane coupling agent modified composite powder; the composite powder is composed of magnesium hydroxide, hydrotalcite, molybdenum trioxide, and potassium titanate whiskers in a mass ratio of 8:3:0.7:1; The preparation methods for flame retardants and flame-retardant anti-interference cable materials are the same as in Example 1.

[0056] Example 4 The mass ratio of magnesium hydroxide, hydrotalcite, molybdenum trioxide, and potassium titanate whiskers in the composite powder of Example 2 was modified to 6:4:0.5:1, while all other aspects remained the same as in Example 2.

[0057] Comparative Example 1 The composite powder in Example 2 was replaced with magnesium hydroxide, hydrotalcite, and molybdenum trioxide in a mass ratio of 8:3:0.7, while all other aspects remained the same as in Example 2.

[0058] Comparative Example 2 The composite powder in Example 2 was replaced with magnesium hydroxide, molybdenum trioxide and potassium titanate whiskers in a mass ratio of 8:0.7:1, and everything else was the same as in Example 2.

[0059] The limiting oxygen index of the cable materials in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0060] Table 1 Limiting oxygen index of cable materials in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2

[0061] As can be seen from Table 1, with the increase of flame retardant content, the limiting oxygen index of the cable material first increases and then decreases. This may be because excessive flame retardant content will cause agglomeration, which will reduce the flame retardant performance. Changing the ratio of composite powder will lead to changes in flame retardant performance. Adding four types of composite powder can further improve the flame retardant performance, proving that the four have a synergistic effect.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material, comprising the following components by weight: 100 parts rubber, 2-5 parts nano silica, 1-6 parts activator, 2-4 parts plasticizer, 2-8 parts vulcanizing agent, 0.1-1 parts vulcanization accelerator, 1-3 parts antioxidant and 20-40 parts flame retardant; The flame retardant is a silane coupling agent modified composite powder; the composite powder includes magnesium hydroxide, hydrotalcite, molybdenum trioxide, and potassium titanate whiskers.

2. The flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of magnesium hydroxide, hydrotalcite, molybdenum trioxide, and potassium titanate whiskers in the composite powder is (5~10):(2~5):(0.4~1):

1.

3. The flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite powder contains magnesium hydroxide with a particle size of 1.5~3μm, hydrotalcite with a particle size of 1~5μm, molybdenum trioxide with a particle size of 0.5~3μm, potassium titanate whiskers with a diameter of 0.2~1μm, and potassium titanate whiskers with a length of 5~30μm.

4. The flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The activator includes nano zinc oxide and / or nano cerium dioxide.

5. The flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plasticizer includes stearic acid or zinc stearate.

6. The flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vulcanizing agent includes sulfur.

7. The flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vulcanization accelerator includes one or more of DM, accelerator M, accelerator TMTD, and accelerator D.

8. The flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antioxidants include amine antioxidants and / or phenolic antioxidants.

9. A method for preparing the flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: Rubber, nano-silica, activator, plasticizer, antioxidant and flame retardant are mixed and then vulcanizing agent and vulcanization accelerator are added to obtain flame retardant and anti-interference cable material.

10. The application of the flame-retardant and anti-interference cable material according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in the cable insulation layer.

Images