Energy-saving and environment-friendly overhead insulated cable

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of insulated cables, and discloses an energy-saving and environment-friendly overhead insulated cable, which comprises an outer protection assembly, and a plurality of cable assemblies are arranged in the inner portion of the outer protection assembly. The nickel-titanium shape memory alloy SMA fiber bundle in the outer protection assembly and the temperature-sensitive silicone rubber foam filling layer are matched with each other, so that self-adaptive adjustment under high and low temperature environments is realized. When facing high temperature in summer, the flexible extension of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy SMA fiber bundle does not hinder thermal expansion, the temperature-sensitive silicone rubber foam expands to fill the gap, the cable assembly is fixed, and the conductor is prevented from being loose and drooping. When facing low temperature in winter, the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy SMA fiber bundle shrinks and becomes hard to form a rigid support, so that certain cold shrinkage tension is offset, the temperature-sensitive silicone rubber foam elastically shrinks to reserve a buffer space, and the cable is prevented from being excessively tightened and broken, so that high-temperature collapse prevention and low-temperature shrinkage prevention are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of insulated cable technology, specifically an energy-saving and environmentally friendly overhead insulated cable. Background Technology

[0002] As a key piece of equipment for power transmission in urban and rural power distribution networks and industrial parks, overhead insulated cables directly determine power transmission efficiency and power supply reliability through their long-term operational stability, adaptability to extreme environments, and energy efficiency. In outdoor scenarios, cables must continuously withstand alternating environments such as high temperatures and extreme temperatures. Temperature changes cause significant thermal expansion and contraction in components such as copper conductors and insulation layers. The fixed installation at both ends of the cable prevents the free release of expansion and contraction stress, leading to two core problems. In high-temperature environments, conductor thermal expansion increases the overall length of the cable, making it prone to sagging and loosening. This can not only lead to insufficient line spacing and short-circuit risks but also increase resistance due to conductor temperature rise, causing additional line losses and reducing energy efficiency. In low-temperature environments, conductor contraction causes the cable to tighten axially, generating huge tensile stress, which can easily lead to insulation layer cracking and conductor breakage, seriously affecting the continuity of power supply.

[0003] Existing comparative patent: Authorization announcement number CN215896014U, this patent only adopts a conventional layered superimposed structure and a simple combination of ordinary materials, which only achieves basic waterproof, shielding and heat insulation functions, and cannot solve the core problem of loosening at high temperatures and tightening at low temperatures when used outdoors; To alleviate the above problems, existing technologies mostly use a single elastic filler material or a reinforced sheath structure. For example, they use ordinary silicone rubber filler layers to buffer expansion and contraction stress, or use thickened metal armor to enhance mechanical strength. However, ordinary elastic materials have insufficient temperature sensitivity and are prone to softening and losing their supporting function at high temperatures, making it impossible to effectively prevent sagging. At low temperatures, they become brittle and crack, making it difficult to buffer cold contraction and tension. They cannot simultaneously solve the synergistic needs of preventing sagging at high temperatures and preventing tightness at low temperatures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an energy-saving and environmentally friendly overhead insulated cable to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An energy-saving and environmentally friendly overhead insulated cable includes an outer protective assembly, wherein the outer protective assembly contains multiple cable assemblies arranged in a ring at equal intervals. The outer protective assembly includes an isolation layer, an outer sheath around the isolation layer, and an annular cavity between the outer sheath and the isolation layer. Multiple metal armor wires are disposed within the annular cavity. The outer ring of the outer sheath is coated with a hydrophobic coating using a spraying process. A main tensile flexible conduit is disposed inside the isolation layer. Multiple nickel-titanium shape memory alloy (SMA) fiber bundles are fixedly connected to the outer ring of the main tensile flexible conduit. Multiple secondary connecting thin conduits are connected to the outer ring of the main tensile flexible conduit, the number of which is equal to the number of cable assemblies. The interiors of all the secondary connecting thin conduits are connected to the interior of the annular cavity.

[0006] Preferably, the main tensile hose, the secondary connecting hose, and the annular cavity are all filled with thermally conductive self-healing silicone rubber. The interiors of the main tensile hose, the secondary connecting hose, and the annular cavity are interconnected. The interior of the isolation layer is filled with a temperature-sensitive silicone rubber foam filling layer.

[0007] Preferably, the multiple nickel-titanium shape memory alloy SMA fiber bundles are arranged in a ring-shaped mesh, and the multiple secondary connecting fine tubing passes through the middle of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy SMA fiber bundles through the holes of the ring-shaped mesh.

[0008] Preferably, the cable assembly includes an insulation layer, an outer shielding layer is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the insulation layer, an inner shielding layer is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the insulation layer, and multiple compressed copper conductors are installed inside the inner shielding layer. The multiple compressed copper conductors are arranged in a trapezoidal shape, and the outer walls of the multiple outer shielding layers are all in contact with the inner wall of the isolation layer.

[0009] Preferably, the isolation layer is made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) modified material, and 10% to 15% glass fiber is added inside; The metal armor wire is made of 6061 aluminum alloy wire; The outer sheath is made of a blend of hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR) and bio-based biodegradable polyethylene, with 5% to 8% UV stabilizer added. The hydrophobic coating is a fluorine-modified silane hydrophobic coating. The main tensile hose is made of glass fiber reinforced silicone tubing; The nickel-titanium shape memory alloy SMA fiber bundles are made of nickel-titanium alloy wires; The secondary connecting thin hose is made of glass fiber reinforced silicone tube and is integrally formed with the main tensile hose; The temperature-sensitive silicone rubber foam filling layer uses a silicone rubber-butyl rubber composite foaming material and adds 5% carbon nanotube thermally conductive filler.

[0010] Preferably, the insulating layer is made of microencapsulated recyclable polypropylene (PP) insulating material, and 5% boron nitride thermally conductive filler is added. The outer shielding layer is made of carbon nanotube modified semiconductive shielding material; The inner shielding layer is made of graphene-modified semi-conductive shielding material; The compressed copper conductor is made of oxygen-free copper Cu-OFP monofilament.

[0011] A method for preparing thermally conductive self-healing silicone rubber includes raw material composition, composition ratio and preparation steps; The raw material composition consists of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, disulfide bond type self-healing crosslinking agent, boron nitride (BN) thermally conductive filler, graphene, silica, hydroxyl silicone oil, and dibutyltin dilaurate.

[0012] Preferably, the composition ratios are all based on parts by weight: Methyl vinyl silicone rubber: 100 parts; Disulfide bond type self-healing crosslinking agent: 3 to 5 parts; Boron nitride (BN) thermally conductive filler: 20 to 30 parts; Graphene: 1 to 2 parts; Silica: 8 to 12 parts; Hydroxysilicone oil: 2 to 4 parts; Dibutyltin dilaurate: 0.1 to 0.3 parts.

[0013] Preferably, the preparation steps are as follows: S1. Base rubber mixing: Place methyl vinyl silicone rubber into a mixer and plasticize for 3-5 minutes.

[0014] S2. Add filler: Add silica, hydroxyl silicone oil, boron nitride, and graphene in sequence, and mix for 10-15 minutes to ensure uniform dispersion of the thermally conductive filler.

[0015] S3. Add the self-healing system, add the disulfide bond type self-healing crosslinking agent, and continue mixing for 5 minutes to ensure that the dynamic crosslinking bonds are evenly distributed.

[0016] S4, sulfidation catalysis: Add dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst and stir for 2-3 minutes.

[0017] S5. Molding: Extrusion or compression molding, followed by vulcanization at 120–150°C for 10–20 minutes.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention achieves adaptive adjustment under high and low temperature environments through the interaction of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy SMA fiber bundles and temperature-sensitive silicone rubber foam filling layers within the outer protective component. In summer, when facing high temperatures, the flexible extension of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy SMA fiber bundles does not hinder thermal expansion, while the temperature-sensitive silicone rubber foam expands to fill gaps, fixing the cable assembly and preventing conductor sagging. In winter, when facing low temperatures, the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy SMA fiber bundles contract and harden to form rigid support, offsetting some of the cold contraction tension. The elastic contraction of the temperature-sensitive silicone rubber foam provides buffer space, preventing the cable from becoming excessively tensile and breaking. This achieves high-temperature collapse prevention and low-temperature shrinkage prevention.

[0019] 2. This invention achieves heat conduction and self-repair through the cooperation of various components in the external protective assembly. It utilizes thermally conductive self-healing silicone rubber combined with 6061 aluminum alloy metal armor wire to fill the main tensile flexible tube, the secondary connecting thin flexible tube, and the annular cavity, forming a continuous heat conduction path throughout the entire area. Combined with the high thermal conductivity aluminum alloy armor wire, it rapidly dissipates heat from the conductor, reducing the overall temperature rise of the cable, decreasing copper conductor resistance loss, and significantly improving the energy efficiency of power transmission. Simultaneously, the high thermal conductivity aluminum alloy armor wire effectively enhances the cable's strength, making it less prone to breakage. Furthermore, the silicone rubber contains disulfide bond dynamic self-healing units. When minor damage occurs inside the cable due to tensile stress or slight external force, the dynamic bonds can rearrange at room temperature to achieve automatic repair, restoring structural integrity and insulation performance without additional maintenance.

[0020] 3. This invention increases the contact area with the isolation layer by arranging multiple compressed copper conductors in a trapezoidal shape. The large contact area with the isolation layer utilizes thermally conductive self-healing silicone rubber to conduct heat, further improving the thermal conductivity, reducing the resistance loss of the copper conductor, and achieving energy saving and environmental protection. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cable assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Outer protective assembly; 2. Cable assembly; 101. Insulation layer; 102. Metal armor wire; 103. Outer sheath; 104. Hydrophobic coating; 105. Main tensile flexible hose; 106. Nickel-titanium shape memory alloy SMA fiber bundle; 107. Secondary connecting thin flexible hose; 108. Temperature-sensitive silicone rubber foam filling layer; 109. Thermally conductive self-healing silicone rubber; 201. Insulation layer; 202. Outer shielding layer; 203. Inner shielding layer; 204. Compacted copper conductor. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1: like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an energy-saving and environmentally friendly overhead insulated cable, including an outer protective component 1. The outer protective component 1 contains multiple cable assemblies 2 arranged in a ring at equal intervals. The outer protective component 1 includes an isolation layer 101, with an outer sheath 103 around its outer circumference. An annular cavity is formed between the outer sheath 103 and the isolation layer 101. Multiple metal armor wires 102 are disposed within the annular cavity. The outer circumference of the outer sheath 103 is coated with a hydrophobic coating 104 using a spraying process. A main tensile flexible conduit 105 is disposed inside the isolation layer 101. Multiple nickel-titanium shape memory alloy (SMA) fiber bundles 106 are fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the main tensile flexible conduit 105. Multiple secondary connecting thin flexible conduits 107 are connected to the outer circumference of the main tensile flexible conduit 105. The number of secondary connecting thin flexible conduits 107 is equal to the number of cable assemblies 2. The interiors of all secondary connecting thin flexible conduits 107 are connected to the interior of the annular cavity.

[0025] The main tensile hose 105, the secondary connecting thin hose 107, and the annular cavity are all filled with thermally conductive self-healing silicone rubber 109. The interiors of the main tensile hose 105, the secondary connecting thin hose 107, and the annular cavity are interconnected. The interior of the isolation layer 101 is filled with a temperature-sensitive silicone rubber foam filling layer 108.

[0026] Among them, multiple nickel-titanium shape memory alloy SMA fiber bundles 106 are arranged in a ring-shaped mesh, and multiple secondary connecting fine hoses 107 penetrate the middle of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy SMA fiber bundles 106 through the holes of the ring-shaped mesh.

[0027] The cable assembly 2 includes an insulation layer 201, an outer shielding layer 202 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the insulation layer 201, an inner shielding layer 203 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the insulation layer 201, and multiple compressed copper conductors 204 installed inside the inner shielding layer 203. The multiple compressed copper conductors 204 are arranged in a trapezoidal shape, and the outer walls of the multiple outer shielding layers 202 are all in contact with the inner wall of the isolation layer 101.

[0028] The dual shielding design of the inner shielding layer 203 and the outer shielding layer 202 effectively and evenly distributes the electric field, avoiding local electric field concentration that could lead to breakdown and damage to the insulation layer 201, thus ensuring the safety of the cable insulation. The copper conductor 204 is arranged in a trapezoidal pattern, which increases the contact area with the inner shielding layer 203 compared to the traditional circular or square arrangement, significantly improving the heat transfer efficiency. At the same time, the trapezoidal structure provides stronger lateral support, preventing the conductor from shifting or loosening during thermal expansion and contraction. The outer shielding layer 202 is fitted to the inner wall of the isolation layer 101, further shortening the heat conduction path from the cable assembly 2 to the isolation layer 101.

[0029] The isolation layer 101 is made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) modified material, with 10% to 15% glass fiber added internally; the metal armor wire 102 is made of 6061 aluminum alloy wire; the outer sheath 103 is made of hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR) and bio-based biodegradable polyethylene blend material, with 5% to 8% UV stabilizer added; the hydrophobic coating 104 is made of fluorinated modified silane hydrophobic coating; the main tensile hose 105 is made of glass fiber reinforced silicone tube; the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy (SMA) fiber bundle 106 is made of nickel-titanium alloy wire; the secondary connecting fine hose 107 is made of glass fiber reinforced silicone tube and is integrally molded with the main tensile hose 105; the temperature-sensitive silicone rubber foam filling layer 108 is made of silicone rubber and butyl rubber composite foam material, with 5% carbon nanotube thermally conductive filler added.

[0030] Among them, the insulation layer 201 uses microcapsule-type recyclable polypropylene (PP) insulation material and adds 5% boron nitride thermally conductive filler; the outer shielding layer 202 uses carbon nanotube modified semi-conductive shielding material; the inner shielding layer 203 uses graphene modified semi-conductive shielding material; and the compressed copper conductor 204 uses oxygen-free copper Cu-OFP monofilament.

[0031] Example 2: A method for preparing thermally conductive self-healing silicone rubber includes raw material composition, composition ratio and preparation steps; the raw material composition consists of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, disulfide bond type self-healing crosslinking agent, boron nitride (BN) thermally conductive filler, graphene, silica, hydroxyl silicone oil and dibutyltin dilaurate.

[0032] By combining raw material components, methyl vinyl silicone rubber serves as the matrix to provide elasticity and compatibility, disulfide bond-type self-healing crosslinking agent endows thermally conductive self-healing silicone rubber with room temperature self-healing ability, boron nitride (BN) thermally conductive filler and graphene synergistically construct a continuous thermally conductive network, silica enhances the mechanical strength of the material, hydroxyl silicone oil improves filler dispersibility, and dibutyltin dilaurate acts as a catalyst to promote the vulcanization reaction. The components work synergistically to achieve thermal conductivity and self-healing, meeting the multifunctional needs of cable internal filling materials.

[0033] The composition ratios are as follows (by weight): methyl vinyl silicone rubber: 100 parts; disulfide bond type self-healing crosslinking agent: 3 to 5 parts; boron nitride (BN) thermally conductive filler: 20 to 30 parts; graphene: 1 to 2 parts; silica: 8 to 12 parts; hydroxyl silicone oil: 2 to 4 parts; dibutyltin dilaurate: 0.1 to 0.3 parts.

[0034] Optimizing the raw material ratio ensures that the thermally conductive self-healing silicone rubber 109 meets performance standards: 3 to 5 parts of disulfide bond type self-healing crosslinking agent can make the material's room temperature self-healing rate ≥80%; 20 to 30 parts of boron nitride (BN) thermally conductive filler combined with 1 to 2 parts of graphene can make the thermal conductivity ≥1.5W / (m・K); 8 to 12 parts of silica combined with 2 to 4 parts of hydroxyl silicone oil can ensure the material's tensile strength ≥3MPa; 0.1 to 0.3 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate can efficiently catalyze the vulcanization reaction at 120~150℃, avoiding performance defects caused by incomplete reaction.

[0035] The preparation steps are as follows: S1. Base rubber mixing: Place methyl vinyl silicone rubber in a mixer and plasticize for 3-5 minutes. S2. Filler addition: Add silica, hydroxyl silicone oil, boron nitride, and graphene sequentially, and mix for 10-15 minutes to ensure uniform dispersion of the thermally conductive filler. S3. Adding the self-healing system: Add a disulfide bond-type self-healing crosslinking agent and continue mixing for 5 minutes to ensure uniform distribution of dynamic crosslinking bonds. S4. Vulcanization catalysis: Add dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst and stir for 2-3 minutes. S5. Molding: Extrude or mold the product, and vulcanize at 120-150℃ for 10-20 minutes to obtain thermally conductive self-healing silicone rubber 109.

[0036] A step-by-step preparation process ensures the uniform and stable performance of thermally conductive self-healing silicone rubber 109: Step S1, plasticizing for 3-5 minutes, forms a uniform base rubber of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, preparing for subsequent filler dispersion; Step S2, adding fillers sequentially and extending the mixing time to 10-15 minutes avoids filler agglomeration and ensures the formation of continuous thermally conductive pathways; Step S3, adding the self-healing crosslinking agent separately and mixing for 5 minutes, ensures that the disulfide bonds are dynamically crosslinked and evenly distributed in the base rubber, guaranteeing consistent self-healing effects; Step S4, short-time stirring of the catalyst avoids local over-catalysis; Step S5, controlling the vulcanization temperature and time, ensures complete vulcanization of the material while avoiding performance degradation caused by high temperatures. This process is simple and controllable, suitable for industrial mass production.

[0037] Working principle and usage process: Anti-loosening and anti-tightening principle: During cable operation, changes in ambient temperature trigger a temperature-sensitive response in the core materials. Under high-temperature conditions, the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy SMA fiber bundles 106 on the outer ring of the main tensile flexible conduit 105 change from a rigid state to a flexible, extended state, not hindering the thermal expansion of the copper conductor 204 in the cable assembly 2. Simultaneously, the temperature-sensitive silicone rubber foam filling layer 108 within the insulating layer 101 expands with heat, tightly filling the gaps between the cable assembly 2 and the insulating layer 101 and the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy SMA fiber bundles 106, firmly fixing the cable assembly 2 and preventing the conductor from loosening and sagging due to thermal expansion. Under low-temperature conditions, the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy SMA fiber bundles 106... The shape memory alloy SMA fiber bundle 106 undergoes phase change, shrinks, and hardens to form a ring-shaped rigid support structure, which directly offsets the axial tensile stress generated by the cold shrinkage of the compressed copper conductor 204. The temperature-sensitive silicone rubber foam filling layer 108 elastically shrinks, reserving buffer space for the cold shrinkage of the conductor, avoiding excessive tension of the cable due to limited cold shrinkage, and preventing the insulation layer 201 from cracking or the compressed copper conductor 204 from breaking. It effectively solves the problem that in environments with high temperatures in summer, low temperatures in winter, and large temperature differences between day and night, temperature changes will cause significant thermal expansion and contraction of components such as copper conductors and insulation layers, and the fixed installation characteristics of the cable at both ends make it impossible for the expansion and contraction stress to be released freely. Thermal conductivity and energy saving principle: The compressed copper conductor 204 adopts a trapezoidal arrangement design, which increases the contact area with the isolation layer 101, so that the heat generated by the conductor during operation can be quickly transferred to the isolation layer 101. The thermally conductive self-healing silicone rubber 109 filled in the main tensile flexible tube 105, the secondary connecting thin flexible tube 107 and the annular cavity forms a continuous thermal conductivity path throughout the entire area, which evenly conducts the heat absorbed by the isolation layer 101 to the metal armor wire 102 in the annular cavity. The metal armor wire 102, with its thermal conductivity, quickly distributes the heat. The continuous thermal conductivity link of the compressed copper conductor 204, the isolation layer 101, the thermally conductive self-healing silicone rubber 109 and the metal armor wire 102 significantly reduces the overall temperature rise of the cable, effectively reduces the increase in resistance of the compressed copper conductor 204 due to temperature rise, reduces the heat loss of the line, and achieves energy saving and environmental protection in power transmission. Repair Principle: When the cable develops micro-cracks or damage due to expansion stress or minor external impact, the disulfide bond dynamic self-repair unit in the thermally conductive self-healing silicone rubber 109 automatically rearranges and recombines the broken molecular chains, repairing the damaged area and restoring the integrity of the thermal conductivity path and insulation performance. At the same time, the hydrophobic coating 104 on the outer ring of the outer sheath 103 forms a dense protective layer through a spraying process, achieving anti-fouling, self-cleaning, and waterproof functions, preventing rainwater and pollutants from penetrating the cable. The outer sheath 103 uses a blend of hydrogenated nitrile rubber and bio-based biodegradable polyethylene, combined with the glass fiber reinforced HDPE modified material of the isolation layer 101, to improve the overall weather resistance and tensile strength of the cable. The inner shielding layer 203 and the outer shielding layer 202 in the cable assembly 2 work together to distribute the electric field evenly, avoiding insulation damage caused by local electric field concentration, and further ensuring the stability of cable operation.

[0038] This cable can be directly applied to overhead power transmission scenarios such as urban and rural power distribution networks and industrial parks. During installation, the supports at both ends are fixed according to the conventional overhead cable construction specifications to ensure that the cable is in a natural hanging state. During operation, no additional control device is required. The core material can automatically trigger a response according to the ambient temperature to achieve adaptive adjustment, heat conduction and heat dissipation and self-repair functions. After long-term use, the hydrophobic coating 104 can maintain the anti-fouling effect through regular simple wiping. The cable as a whole does not require complicated maintenance.

[0039] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0040] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An energy-saving and environmentally friendly overhead insulated cable, comprising an outer protective component (1), characterized in that: The outer protective component (1) is provided with multiple cable assemblies (2) inside, and the multiple cable assemblies (2) are arranged in a ring at equal intervals; The outer protective assembly (1) includes an isolation layer (101), an outer sheath (103) is provided on the outer ring of the isolation layer (101), an annular cavity is formed between the outer sheath (103) and the isolation layer (101), and multiple metal armor wires (102) are provided in the annular cavity. The outer ring of the outer sheath (103) is coated with a hydrophobic coating (104) by a spraying process. The inner side of the isolation layer (101) is provided with a main tensile flexible hose (105). Multiple nickel-titanium shape memory alloy SMA fiber bundles (106) are fixedly connected to the outer ring of the main tensile flexible hose (105). Multiple secondary connecting thin hoses (107) are connected to the outer ring of the main tensile flexible hose (105). The number of secondary connecting thin hoses (107) is equal to the number of cable assemblies (2). The interiors of the multiple secondary connecting thin hoses (107) are all connected to the interior of the annular cavity.

2. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly overhead insulated cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main tensile hose (105), the secondary connecting thin hose (107), and the annular cavity are all filled with thermally conductive self-healing silicone rubber (109). The interior of the main tensile hose (105), the interior of the secondary connecting thin hose (107), and the interior of the annular cavity are interconnected. The interior of the isolation layer (101) is filled with a temperature-sensitive silicone rubber foam filling layer (108).

3. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly overhead insulated cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple nickel-titanium shape memory alloy SMA fiber bundles (106) are arranged in a ring-shaped mesh, and multiple secondary connecting thin tubes (107) penetrate the middle of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy SMA fiber bundles (106) through the holes of the ring-shaped mesh.

4. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly overhead insulated cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable assembly (2) includes an insulation layer (201), an outer shielding layer (202) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the insulation layer (201), an inner shielding layer (203) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the insulation layer (201), and multiple compressed copper conductors (204) are installed inside the inner shielding layer (203). The multiple compressed copper conductors (204) are arranged in a trapezoidal shape, and the outer walls of the multiple outer shielding layers (202) are all in contact with the inner wall of the isolation layer (101).

5. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly overhead insulated cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation layer (101) is made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) modified material, and 10% to 15% glass fiber is added inside; The metal armor wire (102) is made of 6061 aluminum alloy wire; The outer sheath (103) is made of a blend of hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR) and bio-based biodegradable polyethylene, and contains 5% to 8% UV stabilizer. The hydrophobic coating (104) is a fluorine-modified silane hydrophobic coating; The main tensile hose (105) is made of glass fiber reinforced silicone tubing; The nickel-titanium shape memory alloy SMA fiber bundle (106) is made of nickel-titanium alloy wire; The secondary connecting thin hose (107) is made of glass fiber reinforced silicone tube and is integrally formed with the main tensile hose (105); The temperature-sensitive silicone rubber foam filling layer (108) is made of silicone rubber butyl rubber composite foaming material and 5% carbon nanotube thermally conductive filler is added.

6. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly overhead insulated cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: The insulation layer (201) is made of microencapsulated recyclable polypropylene (PP) insulation material and contains 5% boron nitride thermally conductive filler. The outer shielding layer (202) is made of carbon nanotube modified semiconductive shielding material; The inner shielding layer (203) is made of graphene-modified semiconductive shielding material; The compressed copper conductor (204) is made of oxygen-free copper Cu-OFP monofilament.

7. A method for preparing thermally conductive self-healing silicone rubber, characterized in that: This includes the raw material composition, composition ratio, and preparation steps; The raw material composition consists of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, disulfide bond type self-healing crosslinking agent, boron nitride (BN) thermally conductive filler, graphene, silica, hydroxyl silicone oil, and dibutyltin dilaurate.

8. The method for preparing thermally conductive self-healing silicone rubber according to claim 7, characterized in that: The composition ratios are all based on parts by weight: Methyl vinyl silicone rubber: 100 parts; Disulfide bond type self-healing crosslinking agent: 3 to 5 parts; Boron nitride (BN) thermally conductive filler: 20 to 30 parts; Graphene: 1 to 2 parts; Silica: 8 to 12 parts; Hydroxysilicone oil: 2 to 4 parts; Dibutyltin dilaurate: 0.1 to 0.3 parts.

9. The method for preparing a thermally conductive self-healing silicone rubber according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preparation steps are as follows: S1. Base rubber mixing: Place methyl vinyl silicone rubber into a mixer and plasticize for 3-5 minutes. S2. Add filler: Add silica, hydroxyl silicone oil, boron nitride, and graphene in sequence, and mix for 10-15 minutes to ensure uniform dispersion of the thermally conductive filler. S3. Add the self-healing system, add the disulfide bond type self-healing crosslinking agent, and continue mixing for 5 minutes to ensure that the dynamic crosslinking bonds are evenly distributed. S4, sulfidation catalysis: Add dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst and stir for 2-3 minutes. S5. Molding: Extrusion or compression molding, followed by vulcanization at 120–150°C for 10–20 minutes.

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