Impervious structure and method of construction thereof

Abstract

The present application provides a seepage-proof structure and a construction method thereof. The seepage-proof structure comprises, from inside to outside, a primer layer, a waterproof coating layer and a cement protection layer which are stacked on the surface of a structure to be seepage-proof treated. The angle between the bottom surface and the inclined surface of the structure is greater than or equal to 20° and less than or equal to 40°. The primer layer is selected from the group consisting of inorganic silicate, water-based acrylic acid and solvent-based acrylic acid. The waterproof coating layer comprises polyoxyalkylene resin and epoxy resin. The construction method provided by the present application comprises: adjusting the angle between the bottom surface and the inclined surface of the structure to be seepage-proof treated to be greater than or equal to 20° and less than or equal to 40°; arranging the primer layer on the surface of the structure; arranging a curable composition on the primer layer to form the waterproof coating layer after one-time coating; and pouring cement mortar or laying cement blanket on the waterproof coating layer to form the cement protection layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of waterproofing technology, and in particular to seepage-proof structures and construction methods for artificial waterways, ditches and other structures. Background Technology

[0002] There is often a need for seepage prevention at the bottom and slopes of structures such as artificial waterways and ditches. See also Figure 1 The inventor understands a method for preventing seepage in artificial canals, which involves applying a layer of JS waterproof coating 110 (polymer cement waterproof coating) to the surface of the canal 100 by roller coating (or roll coating), setting a layer of non-woven fabric 120, and then applying two more layers of JS waterproof coating 110. Existing waterproof coatings also include polyurethane, resin mortar, etc.

[0003] This method is relatively cumbersome and inefficient. There is also room for improvement in the waterproof durability of waterproof structures based on JS waterproof coatings, polyurethane, and resin mortar. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to shorten the construction process and improve waterproofing durability, this application provides a seepage-proof structure and its construction method.

[0005] This application provides a seepage-proof structure, which includes a primer layer, a waterproof coating layer, and a cement protective layer, layered from the inside out on the surface of the structure to be seeped through.

[0006] The structure has a bottom surface and two sides formed as slopes, wherein the angle between the bottom surface and the slope is greater than 20° and less than 40°.

[0007] The primer material layer is selected from the group consisting of inorganic silicates, aqueous acrylic acid, and solvent-based acrylic acid.

[0008] The waterproof coating layer comprises polyoxyethylene resin and epoxy resin.

[0009] In at least one embodiment, the cement protective layer is a cement blanket or cement mortar.

[0010] In at least one embodiment, the thickness of the primer layer is 0.05 mm to 0.2 mm, and / or the thickness of the waterproof coating layer is 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm.

[0011] This application also provides another seepage-proof structure, which includes a primer layer, a waterproof coating layer, and a cement protective layer, layered from the inside out on the surface of the structure to be seepage-proofed.

[0012] The structure has a bottom surface and two sides formed as slopes, wherein the angle between the bottom surface and the slopes is greater than 40° and less than 90°.

[0013] The primer material layer is selected from the group consisting of inorganic silicates, aqueous acrylic acid, and solvent-based acrylic acid.

[0014] The waterproof coating layer comprises polyoxyethylene resin and epoxy resin.

[0015] In at least one embodiment, the cement protective layer is a cement blanket, and the seepage-proof structure further includes a fastener that fixes the primer layer, the waterproof coating layer, and the cement protective layer to the structure.

[0016] In at least one embodiment, the fastener extends through the cement blanket and is located at the end of the cement blanket on the inclined surface and away from the bottom surface.

[0017] This application provides a construction method for a seepage-proof structure. The structure to be seepage-proofed has a bottom surface and two sides formed as slopes. The construction method includes:

[0018] Adjust the angle between the bottom and slope of the structure to be seepage-proofed to a value of 20° or higher and 40° or lower.

[0019] A primer layer is cast, sprayed, or coated onto the surface of the structure, wherein the primer layer is selected from the group consisting of inorganic silicates, aqueous acrylic acid, and solvent-based acrylic acid;

[0020] A curable composition comprising polyoxyethylene resin and epoxy resin is applied to the primer layer, and a waterproof coating layer is formed after one application.

[0021] Cement mortar is poured or cement blankets are laid on the waterproof coating layer to form a cement protective layer.

[0022] In at least one embodiment, the thickness of the primer layer is 0.05 mm to 0.2 mm, and / or the thickness of the waterproof coating layer is 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm.

[0023] This application also provides another method for constructing a seepage-proof structure, wherein the structure to be seepage-proofed has a bottom surface and two sides formed as slopes, and the construction method includes:

[0024] The angle between the bottom and slope of the structure to be treated for seepage prevention is greater than 40° and less than 90°.

[0025] A primer layer is cast, sprayed, or coated onto the surface of the structure, wherein the primer layer is selected from the group consisting of inorganic silicates, aqueous acrylic acid, and solvent-based acrylic acid;

[0026] A curable composition comprising polyoxyethylene resin and epoxy resin is applied to the primer layer, and a waterproof coating layer is formed after one application.

[0027] A cement blanket is laid on the waterproof coating layer to form a cement protective layer.

[0028] In at least one embodiment, the seepage-proof structure further includes a fastener, through which the primer layer, the waterproof coating layer, and the cement protective layer are fixed to the structure.

[0029] In at least one embodiment, the thickness of the primer layer is 0.05 mm to 0.2 mm, and / or the thickness of the waterproof coating layer is 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm.

[0030] The three-layer structure, consisting of a primer layer, a waterproof coating layer, and a cement protective layer, has fewer layers and is more efficient to construct compared to the four-layer structure applied by roller coating described in the prior art. The waterproof coating layer includes a polyoxyethylene resin with excellent waterproofing properties. A primer layer is placed between the waterproof coating layer and the structure to be waterproofed, which enhances the adhesion between the waterproof coating layer and the structure, resulting in improved waterproofing durability.

[0031] The construction method for the seepage-proof structure provided in this application, such as pouring or laying, is simpler and more efficient than the roller coating method described in the prior art. Furthermore, since this construction method can produce the aforementioned seepage-proof structure, it naturally enjoys all the advantages of the aforementioned seepage-proof structure. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a waterproof structure for an artificial canal, as understood by the inventor, is shown.

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an anti-seepage structure according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0035] 100 River channel; 110 Waterproof coating; 120 Non-woven fabric; 200 Structure; 201 Bottom surface; 202 Sloping surface; 210 Primer layer; 220 Waterproof coating layer; 230 Cement protective layer Detailed Implementation

[0036] Exemplary embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these specific descriptions are for teaching those skilled in the art how to implement this application only, and are not intended to exhaustively describe all possible methods of this application, nor to limit the scope of this application.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, the technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0038] In this specification, the range of values ​​referred to as "value A to value B" refers to the range including the endpoint values ​​A and B.

[0039] In this specification, the specific elements (e.g., features, structures, properties, and / or characteristics) described in connection with "one embodiment of this application" may or may not be present in other embodiments. Furthermore, it should be understood that these elements may be combined in any suitable manner in various embodiments.

[0040] This application provides a seepage-proof structure and its construction method. See also Figure 2 For example, the seepage-proof structure and its construction method can be used in artificial rivers, ditches, reservoirs, water storage ponds and other structures 200, for example to prevent water seepage from the bottom surface 201 and / or the inclined surface 202 (also called the side surface) of the structure 200.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] See Figure 2 The seepage prevention structure may include a primer layer 210, a waterproof coating layer 220, and a cement protective layer 230, which are stacked from the inside to the outside on the surface of the structure 200 to be seeped.

[0043] The structure consists of a three-layer composition: a primer layer 210, a waterproof coating layer 220, and a cement protective layer 230. Compared to the four-layer structure applied by roller coating described in the prior art, the seepage-proof structure provided in this embodiment is a three-layer structure, with relatively fewer layers, resulting in more efficient construction.

[0044] For example, the angle between the bottom surface 201 and the inclined surface 202 of the structure 200 is set to be greater than 20° and less than 40°. See, for example, [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 The included angle α between the bottom surface 201 and the inclined surface 202 satisfies: 20° ≤ α ≤ 40°. This angle is relatively small, meaning the slope of the inclined surface 202 is relatively small. Therefore, when installing the cement protective layer 230 (e.g., a cement blanket), it is not necessary to specifically install fasteners at the ends. It is understandable that the absence of fasteners such as nails improves construction efficiency and avoids the risk of leakage at the nail holes in the cement blanket caused by the use of nails.

[0045] For example, the primer layer 210 can be selected from the group consisting of inorganic silicates, water-based acrylics, and solvent-based acrylics, and its thickness can be 0.05 mm to 0.2 mm. This material has high adhesion and strong waterproofing. In scenarios such as artificial rivers and ditches, the scouring effect of water is strong. Setting the primer layer 210 between the structure 200 and the waterproof coating layer 220 can improve the adhesion between the structure 200 and the waterproof coating layer 220, thereby improving waterproofing durability. By using specific materials, even in scenarios such as artificial rivers and ditches in desert areas, construction can be carried out directly even if there is a small amount of sand residue, thus resulting in high construction efficiency.

[0046] For example, the waterproof coating layer 220 may include a polyoxyethylene resin and an epoxy resin, and its thickness may be 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm. Further, the polyoxyethylene resin may be MS polymer (KANEKAMSPOLYMER™) from Kaneka Corporation. R○ For example, MS polymer with the brand name SAX350. Waterproof coating layer 220 using this material exhibits high waterproofing performance and strong adhesion to the cement protective layer 230. MS polymer exhibits high elongation after curing; therefore, even if the cement protective layer 230 elongates or shrinks due to temperature changes after installation, MS polymer effectively follows the movement of the cement protective layer 230, thus preventing cracking of the waterproof coating layer 220.

[0047] In one embodiment of this application, the cement protective layer 230 is a cement blanket, which is easy to load, unload, transport, and lay, thus resulting in high construction efficiency. Furthermore, as mentioned earlier, the angle between the bottom surface 201 and the inclined surface 202 is small, preventing through holes for fasteners such as nails from being left on the cement blanket, thus avoiding the risk of water leakage.

[0048] Furthermore, the cement blanket can be, for example, a three-layer cement blanket, which can be laid on the waterproof coating layer 220 by means of application. That is, the method of setting the cement protective layer 230 is also more efficient than the roller coating method described in the prior art.

[0049] Of course, in one embodiment of this application, the cement protective layer 230 can also be cement mortar. The cement mortar can be, for example, a rigid polymer, and can be applied to the waterproof coating layer 220 by pouring, spraying, or smearing.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] Compared to Embodiment 1, in Embodiment 2, the angle between the bottom surface 201 and the inclined surface 202 of the structure 200 can be greater than 40° and less than 90°, that is, α satisfies: 40°≤α≤90°.

[0052] Furthermore, the cement protective layer 230 is a cement blanket, and the seepage prevention structure may also include fasteners for fixing the primer layer 210, the waterproof coating layer 220, and the cement protective layer 230 to the structure 200.

[0053] It is understandable that, due to the slipperiness of the waterproof coating layer 220 and the large angle between the bottom surface 201 and the inclined surface 202, the implementation of a cement protective layer as cement mortar may cause the cement mortar to sag. Therefore, setting the cement protective layer 230 as a cement blanket is a better implementation. Furthermore, fasteners can enhance the fixation of the cement blanket, but the through holes of the fasteners may pose a risk of leakage. Nevertheless, the primer layer 210 and the waterproof coating layer 220 provided in this application have strong waterproofing capabilities, and therefore still offer better waterproofing performance than existing waterproofing measures.

[0054] Furthermore, the fastener can be a nail. The fastener can also be a U-shaped nail, a corrugated nail, etc.

[0055] Furthermore, the fastener can be located at the end of the cement blanket on the inclined surface 202 and away from the bottom surface 201, thus keeping the fastener as far away from the waterway as possible. Of course, fasteners can also be installed on both the inclined surface 202 and the bottom surface 201 for a more secure effect.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] The construction method for the seepage-proof structure provided in this application may include:

[0058] (S1) Adjust the angle between the bottom surface 201 and the inclined surface 202 of the structure 200 to be seepage-proofed to a value of more than 20° and less than 40°;

[0059] (S2) A base coat material layer 210, selected from inorganic silicates, water-based acrylics, and solvent-based acrylics, is cast, sprayed, or coated onto the surface of the structure 200 with a thickness of 0.05 mm to 0.2 mm.

[0060] (S3) A curable composition comprising polyoxyethylene resin and epoxy resin is applied to the primer material layer 210 and coated once with a thickness of 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm to form a waterproof coating layer 220.

[0061] (S4) Pour cement mortar or lay cement blanket on the waterproof coating layer 220 to form a cement protective layer 230.

[0062] On the one hand, the overall number of layers in the seepage-proof structure is less, for example, three layers, which is simpler and requires fewer construction steps compared to the four-layer structure described in the prior art. On the other hand, the waterproof coating layer 220 of this application only needs to be applied once, which is less than the three-layer application required by the JS waterproof coating in the prior art, resulting in higher construction efficiency. The pouring and laying methods of the cement protective layer 230 are simpler than the roller coating method described in the prior art. Therefore, the construction method provided by this application is more efficient. Furthermore, since this construction method can create the aforementioned seepage-proof structure, it naturally enjoys all the advantages of the aforementioned seepage-proof structure.

[0063] Example 4

[0064] Compared to Embodiment 3, the construction method of the seepage-proof structure provided in this application can adjust the angle between the bottom surface 201 and the inclined surface 202 of the structure 200 to be seepage-proofed to be greater than 40° and less than 90°, and can lay a cement blanket on the waterproof coating layer 220 to form a cement protective layer 230.

[0065] Furthermore, the seepage-proof structure may also include fasteners, and the construction method may include fixing the primer layer 210, the waterproof coating layer 220, and the cement protective layer 230 to the structure 200 using fasteners.

[0066] In one embodiment of this application, the polyoxyethylene resin accounts for 17% to 19% of the weight of the curable composition. Specifically, it can be 17%, 17.2%, 17.4%, 17.6%, 17.8%, 18%, 18.2%, 18.4%, 18.6%, 18.8%, 19%, etc. Preferably, it can be 18.2%.

[0067] In one embodiment of this application, the curable composition includes a first cured product and a second cured product for mixing. When mixed, the two cured products react with water in the air at room temperature to form a liquid polymer of an elastomer.

[0068] For example, the first cured product may include at least one of an epoxy curing agent, a first plasticizer, a first calcium carbonate, a thixotropic agent, a first carbon black, an antioxidant, a dehydrating agent, an adhesive reinforcing agent, and a curing catalyst, as well as a polyoxyethylene resin, and the second cured product may include at least one of an epoxy resin, a second plasticizer, a second calcium carbonate, and a second carbon black.

[0069] In one embodiment of this application, the first cured product comprises 100 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene resin, 4 parts by weight of epoxy curing agent, 120 parts by weight of first plasticizer, 178 parts by weight of first calcium carbonate, 0.75 parts by weight of thixotropic agent, 0.2 parts by weight of first carbon black, 1 part by weight of antioxidant, 3 parts by weight of dehydrating agent, 3 parts by weight of adhesive reinforcing agent and 1 part by weight of curing catalyst, and the second cured product comprises 25 parts by weight of epoxy resin, 40 parts by weight of second plasticizer, 72 parts by weight of second calcium carbonate and 0.2 parts by weight of second carbon black.

[0070] This application provides a specific preparation example, the composition of which is shown in Table 1.

[0071] Table 1

[0072]

[0073] The overall composition of the curable composition obtained by mixing the two cured products can be shown in Table 2.

[0074] Table 2

[0075]

[0076] Calculations show that the polyoxyethylene resin (MS polymer) accounts for 18.2% by weight in the composition. In one embodiment of this application, the antioxidant can be replaced with a UV absorber. For example, the antioxidant in the first cured product of Table 1, which is 1 part by weight, can be replaced with a UV absorber in the same amount as shown in Table 2.

[0077] In one embodiment of this application, the thixotropic agent can be replaced with an anti-sagging agent. For example, the thixotropic agent in the first cured product in Table 1, which is 0.75 parts by weight, can be replaced with an anti-sagging agent as shown in Table 2, which is 0.75 parts by weight.

[0078] In one embodiment of this application, the dehydrating agent may be vinylsilane.

[0079] In one embodiment of this application, the adhesive reinforcing agent may be an aminosilane.

[0080] In one embodiment of this application, the calcium carbonate can be ground calcium carbonate. As shown in Table 1, both the first and second calcium carbonates can be composed of two different grades of calcium carbonate. Alternatively, as shown in Table 2, the calcium carbonate as a whole can be formed from only one grade of calcium carbonate.

[0081] Of course, the grades and manufacturers of other components can also be changed appropriately.

[0082] This application measured the skinning time, viscosity, tensile properties, tear strength, and bond strength of the curable composition. The results are shown in the table below.

[0083] Table 3

[0084]

[0085] Table 3 shows that at 23°C, the skinning time of the first cured product is 3 h 45 m (3 hours 45 minutes), and the skinning time of the curable composition is 5 h 11 m (5 hours 11 minutes).

[0086] Table 4

[0087]

[0088] Table 4 shows the corresponding viscosities of the first and second cured products at various rotational speeds under conditions of 23°C and using a Type B viscometer.

[0089] Table 5

[0090]

[0091] Table 5 shows the corresponding data for the modulus (M50, M100), tensile strength (TB), and elongation at break (EB) of dumbbell-shaped test pieces of the curable composition at 50% and 100% elongation, for example, at 23°C.

[0092] Table 6

[0093] Tear strength N / mm 4.1

[0094] Table 6 shows the tear strength test results of the curable composition after curing at 23°C and a tensile speed of 500 mm / min. The specimens can be angular.

[0095] Table 7

[0096]

[0097] Table 7 shows the fracture strength at room temperature (23℃) and after water immersion (28 days at 23℃, then dried and left to stand for 1 day) between the cured composition and the primer layer at a tensile speed of (5±1) mm / min, and the fracture strength at room temperature (23℃) and after water immersion (28 days at 23℃, then dried and left to stand for 1 day) between the cured composition and the cement protective layer. This fracture strength refers to the bond strength. The primer layer is mortar, and the cement protective layer is cement mortar. Currently, the desired bond strength is ≥0.5 MPa. The data in this application meet these expectations, and the strength retention rate after water immersion is ≥70%.

[0098] The above description is the preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A seepage-proof structure, comprising a primer layer (210), a waterproof coating layer (220), and a cement protective layer (230) stacked from the inside to the outside on the surface of a structure (200) to be seepage-proofed, characterized in that, The structure (200) has a bottom surface (201) and two sides formed as inclined surfaces (202), wherein the angle between the bottom surface (201) and the inclined surface (202) of the structure (200) is more than 20° and less than 40°. The primer layer (210) is selected from the group consisting of inorganic silicates, aqueous acrylic acid, and solvent-based acrylic acid. The waterproof coating layer (220) comprises polyoxyethylene resin and epoxy resin.

2. The seepage-proof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cement protective layer (230) is a cement blanket or cement mortar.

3. The seepage-proof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the primer layer (210) is 0.05 mm to 0.2 mm, and / or the thickness of the waterproof coating layer (220) is 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm.

4. A seepage-proof structure, comprising a primer layer (210), a waterproof coating layer (220), and a cement protective layer (230) stacked from the inside to the outside on the surface of the structure (200) to be seepage-proofed, characterized in that, The structure (200) has a bottom surface (201) and two sides formed as inclined surfaces (202), wherein the angle between the bottom surface (201) and the inclined surface (202) of the structure (200) is greater than 40° and less than 90°. The primer layer (210) is selected from the group consisting of inorganic silicates, aqueous acrylic acid, and solvent-based acrylic acid. The waterproof coating layer (220) comprises polyoxyethylene resin and epoxy resin.

5. The seepage-proof structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cement protective layer (230) is a cement blanket, and the seepage prevention structure also includes a fastener, which fixes the primer layer (210), the waterproof coating layer (220), and the cement protective layer (230) to the structure (200).

6. The seepage-proof structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fastener extends through the cement blanket and is located at the end of the cement blanket on the inclined surface (202) and away from the bottom surface (201).

7. The seepage-proof structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thickness of the primer layer (210) is 0.05 mm to 0.2 mm, and / or the thickness of the waterproof coating layer (220) is 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm.

8. A construction method for a seepage-proof structure, wherein the structure (200) to be seepage-proofed has a bottom surface (201) and two sides formed as inclined surfaces (202), characterized in that, The construction method includes: Adjust the angles of the bottom surface (201) and the inclined surface (202) of the structure (200) to be seepage-proofed to a value of 20° or more and 40° or less; A primer layer (210) is cast, sprayed or coated on the surface of the structure (200), wherein the primer layer (210) is selected from the group consisting of inorganic silicates, water-based acrylic acid and solvent-based acrylic acid; A curable composition comprising polyoxyethylene resin and epoxy resin is provided on the primer material layer (210), and a waterproof coating layer (220) is formed after one application. Cement mortar is poured or cement blankets are laid on the waterproof coating layer (220) to form a cement protective layer (230).

9. The construction method of the seepage-proof structure according to claim 8, wherein the thickness of the primer layer (210) is 0.05mm to 0.2mm, and / or the thickness of the waterproof coating layer (220) is 1.5mm to 2.5mm.

10. A construction method for a seepage-proof structure, wherein the structure (200) to be seepage-proofed has a bottom surface (201) and two sides formed as inclined surfaces (202), characterized in that, The construction method includes: The angle between the bottom surface (201) and the inclined surface (202) of the structure (200) to be treated for seepage prevention is greater than 40° and less than 90°; A primer layer (210) is cast, sprayed or coated on the surface of the structure (200), wherein the primer layer (210) is selected from the group consisting of inorganic silicates, water-based acrylic acid and solvent-based acrylic acid; A curable composition comprising polyoxyethylene resin and epoxy resin is provided on the primer material layer (210), and a waterproof coating layer (220) is formed after one application. A cement blanket is laid on the waterproof coating layer (220) to form a cement protective layer (230).

11. The construction method of the seepage-proof structure according to claim 10, characterized in that, The seepage-proof structure also includes fasteners, through which the primer layer (210), the waterproof coating layer (220), and the cement protective layer (230) are fixed to the structure (200).

12. The construction method of the seepage-proof structure according to claim 10, characterized in that, The thickness of the primer layer (210) is 0.05 mm to 0.2 mm, and / or the thickness of the waterproof coating layer (220) is 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm.

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