A slope structure
By setting up a combined structure of sponge soil, ceramsite layer and geotextile layer on the riverbank slope, the problems of poor ecological function and insufficient stability of the riverbank protection were solved, realizing the resource utilization of silt and enhancing the stability of the slope.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUANGDONG TECHN COLLEGE OF WATER RESOURCES & ELECTRIC ENG
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
AI Technical Summary
Traditional riverbank protection has poor ecological function. The slope soil is eroded by water flow, which damages its stability. Moreover, the silt treatment method is not environmentally friendly, occupies land resources, and may pollute the environment.
The slope is filled with sponge soil and geocell structure, combined with ceramsite layer and geotextile layer. The porous structure of sponge soil promotes plant root growth. It is fixed by anchor bolts and combined with mesh nonwoven geotextile and perforated geocells to form a three-dimensional mesh structure, which enhances slope stability.
It improves the ecological function and stability of slopes, promotes plant root growth, enhances soil aeration and permeability, reduces soil erosion, realizes the resource utilization of silt, and prevents soil collapse and loss.
Smart Images
Figure CN224363255U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of slope protection technology, specifically to a slope structure. Background Technology
[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization, river management and maintenance have become critical tasks. Riverbank protection, as an important component of river structure, faces numerous challenges. Traditional riverbank protection methods suffer from poor ecological function, and the soil is eroded by water flow, resulting in compromised stability and threatening the surrounding ecological environment and infrastructure safety. Simultaneously, the disposal of large amounts of silt generated from river dredging projects is also a problem. Traditional silt treatment methods often involve simple landfilling or dumping, which not only occupies a large amount of valuable land resources but may also cause secondary pollution to surrounding soil and groundwater. However, there is an inherent connection and synergistic potential between riverbank protection and silt utilization. Silt can be treated and used for slope reinforcement and ecological restoration. Against this backdrop, silt reuse technology has emerged. By altering the properties of silt through technological means, it can solve the silt disposal problem, enhance slope stability and ecological function, and promote the restoration and construction of river ecosystems. This has significant implications and broad application prospects in improving the overall benefits of river management. Utility Model Content
[0003] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a slope structure that solves the problems of poor ecological function of traditional riverbank protection, and the instability of slope soil due to water erosion; by using sponge soil to fill and lay in geocells, air can enter the soil more easily, which is conducive to the respiration of plant roots, promotes root growth, and has good stability and high overall strength.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0005] A slope structure, installed on a riverbank slope, includes: geocells, which are installed on the riverbank slope by anchor bolts; a sponge soil layer, part of which is filled in the geocells and the remainder is laid on the surface of the geocells, with the portion of the sponge soil filling the geocells and the portion of the sponge soil laid on the surface of the geocells being flush; a ceramsite layer, which is laid on the sponge soil layer; and a geotextile layer, which is laid on the ceramsite layer.
[0006] As a preferred option, the side walls of the geocell are provided with drainage holes.
[0007] As a preferred option, the anchor bolts are tied to the geocells.
[0008] As a preferred option, when there are multiple geocells, adjacent geocells are connected by connecting buckles.
[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the geotextile layer is fixed to the ceramsite layer by fixing nails. The fixing nails have a U-shaped structure, with the open end extending from the geotextile layer into the geocell and the closed end fastened to the geotextile layer.
[0010] In summary, this utility model has the following advantages:
[0011] The slope structure of this utility model utilizes sponge soil for filling and laying in geocells, which makes it easier for air to enter the soil, facilitates the respiration of plant roots, promotes root growth, and has good stability and high overall strength. Attached Figure Description
[0012] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of a slope structure.
[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a riverbank slope.
[0014] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point C in the image.
[0015] Figure 4 This is a side view of a geocell.
[0016] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the image.
[0017] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the image.
[0018] Among them, 1 is a geocell, 11 is a drainage hole, 2 is an anchor, 3 is a riverbank slope, 4 is a sponge soil layer, 5 is a ceramsite layer, 6 is a geotextile layer, 7 is vegetation, and 8 is a fixing nail. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
[0020] like Figures 1-6As shown, this embodiment provides a slope structure installed on a riverbank slope 3, comprising: geocells 1, a sponge soil layer 4, a ceramsite layer 5, and a geotextile layer 6. The geocells 1 are installed on the riverbank slope 3 via anchor bolts 2. Part of the sponge soil layer 4 fills the geocells 1, with the remainder laid on the surface of the geocells 1. The portion of the sponge soil layer 4 filling the geocells 1 is flush with the portion laid on the surface of the geocells 1. The ceramsite layer 5 is laid on top of the sponge soil layer 4. The geotextile layer 6 is laid on top of the ceramsite layer 5. Drainage holes 11 are provided on the sidewalls of the geocells 1. The anchor bolts 2 are tied to the geocells 1. When there are multiple geocells 1, adjacent geocells 1 are connected by connecting buckles. The geotextile layer 6 is fixed to the ceramsite layer 5 by fixing nails 8. The fixing nail 8 has a U-shaped structure, with the open end of the fixing nail 8 extending from the geotextile layer 6 to the geocell 1, and the closed end of the fixing nail 8 fastened to the geotextile layer 6.
[0021] Specifically, the preparation method of sponge soil layer 4 is as follows:
[0022] 1. Mechanical dewatering is employed using a plate and frame filter press with a pressure range of 0.6-1.6 MPa. 70% sludge by mass is added, reducing the sludge's moisture content to 60% within 240 minutes. The water is then mechanically removed, forming sludge cakes with significantly reduced volume, facilitating subsequent transportation and disposal, minimizing land occupation from sludge stockpiling, and enabling resource recovery and utilization of the sludge.
[0023] 2. Add 10% coal ash powder and 2% calcium sulfate by weight to the silt cake. The coal ash powder has large particles and many pores, and the calcium ions in the calcium sulfate can promote the aggregation of soil particles, so that the soil forms a good granular structure, thereby increasing the porosity of the soil. The combination of the two can improve the soil structure and permeability, make it easier for air to enter the soil, facilitate the respiration of plant roots, promote root growth, and provide plants with the trace elements and organic matter they need.
[0024] 3. Add 3% organic fertilizer (corn cob ash and poultry manure) to the treated sludge cake. This mixture can optimize soil structure. Corn cob ash can improve soil aeration and water permeability, making the soil loose and porous, containing rich nutrients to meet the needs of plants at different growth stages. Poultry manure can increase the organic matter content of the soil. The combination of the two can provide nutrients to enhance soil fertility and realize the reuse of waste, which meets the requirements of sustainable development.
[0025] 4. Finally, add 15% diatomaceous earth by weight to the soil that has been treated above. The porous structure of diatomaceous earth can quickly absorb and store a large amount of water, and slowly release it during drought, thus playing a role in water retention and improving the soil's drought resistance. It also has a certain adsorption effect on nutrient molecules in the soil, improving the soil's fertilizer retention capacity. In the application of sponge soil, diatomaceous earth is rich in silicon, which is a beneficial element for plant growth. It can enhance the plant's resistance to diseases and pests and promote the development of plant roots.
[0026] 5. Using a twin-shaft mixer, the materials are conveyed through the machine and added into the mixer according to the above proportions, so that they are fully mixed in the mixing chamber to obtain sponge soil. The resulting sponge soil has a loose and porous structure, good water retention and air permeability, and can adsorb and retain nutrients in the soil for continuous absorption and utilization by plants.
[0027] The construction process of the slope structure in this embodiment on river slope 3:
[0028] 1. Place the perforated geocell 1 on the slope and drill holes 1 meter deep at the corresponding locations on the slope. Then, insert the anchor rod 2 into the holes and fix it in place. Then, tie the perforated geocell 1 and the anchor rod 2 directly together and use connecting buckles to tightly connect adjacent perforated geocell 1. After completion, fill the perforated geocell 1 with sponge soil. The sponge soil layer should be higher than the geocell 1 to form a sponge soil layer 4. The perforated geocell 1 allows water to drain quickly through the holes, avoiding water accumulation and damage to the soil structure, reducing soil erosion. Plant roots can penetrate through the holes and reach the lower soil layer, allowing the plant roots to grow evenly in the soil inside the geocell and improving the overall integrity of the slope.
[0029] 2. Expanded clay aggregate is added to the top layer of sponge soil to form expanded clay aggregate layer 5, creating a sponge soil-expanded clay aggregate structure. The expanded clay aggregate is made from river silt. During the high-temperature firing process, harmful substances in the silt are decomposed, and physical and chemical changes occur during the embryonic process, forming porous, lightweight, and strong expanded clay aggregate. The silt is transformed into expanded clay aggregate, which meets the requirements of secondary utilization of silt. Combining sponge soil with expanded clay aggregate, the expanded clay aggregate can play a role in moisture retention, water retention, and heat insulation. When laid on the surface of the sponge soil, it can maintain the moisture of the sponge soil and keep the soil inside the vegetation 7 moist. Under the natural disaster of heavy rain, the expanded clay aggregate can also effectively prevent soil splashing and fix the plant roots. The combination of the two can maximize the performance of the sponge soil.
[0030] 3. A layer of mesh nonwoven geotextile is laid to form geotextile layer 6, which is laid along the slope of the riverbank 3 and fixed in the soil with U-shaped nails (fixing nails 8). This allows the geotextile to distribute the force in all directions when subjected to tensile and compressive forces, reducing stress concentration and thus improving overall strength and stability. It is less prone to local cracking and can effectively prevent soil collapse. The mesh nonwoven geotextile and the perforated geocells 1 work together to constrain the soil. The perforated geocells 1 can form a three-dimensional mesh structure to laterally constrain soil particles. The mesh nonwoven geotextile can wrap the soil. The combination of the two can effectively reduce soil displacement and deformation and enhance the overall stability of the slope. In the face of rainstorms or floods, the soil on the slope is prone to erosion. The mesh nonwoven geotextile covering the soil surface can promptly block the loss of soil particles, and the perforated geocells 1 can fix the soil position. The combination of the two can maintain the integrity of the soil structure.
[0031] In this embodiment, some existing sponge soil materials, such as peat moss, are non-renewable resources. Excessive use can lead to resource shortages, and their slow decomposition and long-term accumulation can affect soil aeration and permeability, hindering plant root growth. In contrast, this invention incorporates a certain proportion of silt, cinder ash, diatomaceous earth, organic materials, and calcium sulfate into the sponge soil. The cinder ash particles are large and porous, enhancing soil aeration and allowing air to easily enter the soil, facilitating root respiration and promoting root growth. Diatomaceous earth, with its porous structure, significantly increases the sponge soil's water absorption capacity, enabling it to quickly absorb and store large amounts of water, reaching higher saturation levels in a short time. The mixture of corn cob ash and poultry manure optimizes soil structure; corn cob ash improves aeration and permeability, making the soil loose and porous, while poultry manure increases soil organic matter content. The combination of these two materials provides nutrients to enhance soil fertility and achieves waste reuse, meeting the requirements of sustainable development.
[0032] In this embodiment, traditional vegetation slope protection relies on its own weight and structural strength to resist the lateral pressure of the slope soil. The soil is prone to sliding downhill and has poor adaptability to changes in soil pressure. The mesh structure of the nonwoven geotextile in this invention allows the geotextile to distribute force in all directions when subjected to tensile and compressive forces, reducing stress concentration and thus improving overall strength and stability. It is less prone to localized cracking and can effectively prevent soil collapse. The perforated geocells allow water to drain quickly through the openings, preventing water accumulation from damaging the soil structure and reducing soil erosion. Plant roots can penetrate the openings to reach deeper into the soil, allowing the roots of the vegetation to grow evenly inside and outside the geocells. The mesh nonwoven geotextile and the perforated geocells... The geocells 1, combined with the perforated geocells 1, work together to constrain the soil. The perforated geocells 1 form a three-dimensional mesh structure that provides lateral constraint on soil particles. The mesh nonwoven geotextile can wrap the soil. The combination of the two can effectively reduce soil displacement and deformation, and enhance the overall stability of the slope. In the event of heavy rain or flooding, the soil on the slope is prone to erosion. The mesh nonwoven geotextile covering the soil surface can promptly block the loss of soil particles, while the perforated geocells 1 can fix the soil position. The combination of the two can maintain the integrity of the soil structure.
[0033] In this embodiment, the stability of traditional slope structures is easily affected by the environment. Under extreme natural conditions such as rainstorms and floods, they are prone to deformation, cracking, or even collapse. In this invention, expanded clay aggregate is added to the top layer of sponge soil to form a sponge soil-expanded clay aggregate structure. The expanded clay aggregate is made from river silt with other additives. During the high-temperature firing process, harmful substances in the silt are decomposed, and physical and chemical changes occur during the embryo formation, forming porous, lightweight, and strong expanded clay aggregate. The transformation of silt into expanded clay aggregate meets the requirements of silt reuse. Combining sponge soil with expanded clay aggregate allows the expanded clay aggregate to play a role in moisture retention, water retention, and heat insulation. When spread on the surface of the sponge soil, it can maintain the moisture of the sponge soil and keep the soil inside the vegetation 7 moist. Under natural disasters such as rainstorms, the expanded clay aggregate can also effectively prevent soil splashing and fix the plant roots. The combination of the two can maximize the performance of the sponge soil.
[0034] The slope structure provided in this embodiment has the following advantages:
[0035] 1. This utility model incorporates a certain proportion of silt, cinder ash, diatomaceous earth, organic materials, and calcium sulfate into its sponge soil. The cinder ash particles are relatively large and porous, enhancing soil permeability and allowing air to enter the soil more easily, which is beneficial for plant root respiration and promotes root growth. Diatomaceous earth has a porous structure, which significantly increases the water absorption capacity of the sponge soil, enabling it to quickly absorb and store large amounts of water, reaching a higher saturation water content in a short time. The mixture of corn cob ash and poultry manure optimizes soil structure. Corn cob ash improves soil permeability and water permeability, making the soil loose and porous. Poultry manure increases soil organic matter content. The combination of these two components provides nutrients to enhance soil fertility and achieves waste reuse, meeting the requirements of sustainable development.
[0036] 2. The mesh structure of the nonwoven geotextile allows it to distribute stress in all directions when subjected to tensile and compressive forces, reducing stress concentration and thus improving overall strength and stability. It also reduces the likelihood of localized cracking and effectively prevents soil collapse. The perforated geocells allow water to drain quickly through the openings, preventing waterlogging and damage to the soil structure, reducing soil erosion. Plant roots can penetrate the openings to reach deeper into the soil, allowing for balanced root growth both inside and outside the geocell. The combination of nonwoven geotextile and perforated geocells... The perforated geocell 1, combined with the soil, forms a three-dimensional mesh structure that laterally restrains soil particles. The mesh nonwoven geotextile wraps the soil, and the combination of the two effectively reduces soil displacement and deformation, enhancing the overall stability of the slope. In the event of heavy rain or flooding, soil on the slope is prone to erosion. The mesh nonwoven geotextile covering the soil surface can promptly prevent the loss of soil particles, while the perforated geocell 1 can fix the soil position. Together, the two can maintain the integrity of the soil structure.
[0037] 3. Adding expanded clay aggregate to the top layer of sponge soil creates a sponge soil-expanded clay aggregate structure. The expanded clay aggregate is made from river silt with other additives. During the high-temperature firing process, harmful substances in the silt are decomposed, and physical and chemical changes occur during the embryo formation, resulting in porous, lightweight, and strong expanded clay aggregate. The transformation of silt into expanded clay aggregate aligns with the secondary utilization of silt. Combining sponge soil with expanded clay aggregate allows the expanded clay aggregate to retain moisture, water, and heat. When spread on the surface of the sponge soil, it helps maintain the soil's humidity, keeping the soil inside the vegetation moist. In the event of heavy rain, the expanded clay aggregate can also effectively prevent soil splashing and fix plant roots. The combination of the two maximizes the performance of the sponge soil.
[0038] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present utility model, but the embodiments of the present utility model are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A slope structure, installed on a riverbank slope, characterized in that, include: Geocells are installed on riverbank slopes using anchor bolts. The sponge soil layer consists of a portion of the sponge soil layer filling the geocell chambers and the remaining portion laid on the surface of the geocell chambers. The portion of the sponge soil layer filling the geocell chambers is flush with the portion of the sponge soil layer laid on the surface of the geocell chambers. The expanded clay layer is laid on top of the sponge soil layer; The geotextile layer is laid on top of the expanded clay layer.
2. A slope structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side walls of the geocell are equipped with drainage holes.
3. A slope structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor bolts are tied to the geocells.
4. A slope structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When there are multiple geocells, adjacent geocells are connected by connecting buckles.
5. A slope structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The geotextile layer is fixed to the ceramsite layer by fixing nails. The fixing nails have a U-shaped structure, with the open end extending from the geotextile layer into the geocell and the closed end fastened to the geotextile layer.