Automatic water replenishing multi-fishway inlet structure adaptive to large water level variation

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of automatic water replenishing multi-fishway inlet structures suitable for large water level variation, belong to fishway field, comprising: fishway body;Third fishway inlet, second fishway inlet and first fishway inlet are sequentially communicated with fishway body along the flow direction of fishway water flow;Tailrace, third fishway inlet and tailrace downstream communication, second fishway inlet and first fishway inlet are communicated with the upstream of tailrace;Powerhouse wall located in the upstream of tailrace, powerhouse wall is located in the upstream of second fishway inlet and first fishway inlet;Sand trap located in the downstream of tailrace, sand trap is located in the upstream of third fishway inlet;Automatic water replenishing assembly, the inlet of automatic water replenishing assembly is used to and the upstream of hydropower station is communicated, and the outlet of automatic water replenishing assembly is communicated with fishway body.The technical effect of the application is that it is not only convenient to automatically adapt to large water level variation, but also convenient to automatically replenish water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to fish passages, and more particularly to a multi-fish passage inlet structure that automatically replenishes water to adapt to large water level fluctuations. Background Technology

[0002] Fishways, also known as fish passageways, are artificially constructed or modified channels for aquatic organisms such as fish to bypass water-blocking structures (such as dams, weirs, sluice gates, and hydroelectric power stations). Their fundamental purpose is to connect blocked natural waterways, helping aquatic organisms complete essential migratory behaviors in their life cycle (such as reproductive and foraging migrations), thereby mitigating the negative impacts of water conservancy and hydroelectric projects on river ecosystems and maintaining biodiversity and ecological balance.

[0003] The tailrace channel of relevant hydropower stations typically experiences significant water level fluctuations. However, due to limitations in the fishway inlet's ability to adapt to these fluctuations, multiple fishway inlets are required. Switching between these inlets to accommodate large water level changes can force fish in the tailrace channel to constantly search for new inlets, negatively impacting fish attraction. Furthermore, the frequent opening and closing of the fishway inlet gates creates turbulence and eddies at the inlet's branching sections. These turbulence and eddies disorient migratory fish, causing them to become stranded within the fishway and reducing their passage efficiency. Additionally, the poor automatic water replenishment capabilities of these fishways further hinder fish attraction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-fish inlet structure that automatically replenishes water to adapt to large water level changes, which not only facilitates automatic adaptation to large water level changes, but also facilitates automatic water replenishment.

[0005] Technical solution: An automatic water replenishment multi-fishway inlet structure adapted to large water level fluctuations includes: Fish passage body; The third fishway inlet, the second fishway inlet, and the first fishway inlet are sequentially connected to the fishway body along the direction of the water flow in the fishway; The tailrace channel, the third fish passage inlet is connected to the downstream of the tailrace channel, and the second fish passage inlet and the first fish passage inlet are both connected to the upstream of the tailrace channel; The plant wall is located upstream of the tailrace channel, and the plant wall is located upstream of the second fishway inlet and the first fishway inlet; A sand-retaining embankment located downstream of the tailrace channel, the sand-retaining embankment being located upstream of the inlet of the third fishway; An automatic water replenishment component, wherein the inlet of the automatic water replenishment component is connected to the upstream of the hydropower station, and the outlet of the automatic water replenishment component is connected to the fishway body.

[0006] Optional, also includes: A third water-retaining sill is installed inside the inlet of the third fishway; The second water-retaining sill is installed inside the inlet of the second fishway.

[0007] Optionally, the height of the third water-retaining sill is greater than the height of the second water-retaining sill.

[0008] Optionally, the first fishway inlet, the second fishway inlet, and the third fishway inlet all adopt a narrow structure to increase the flow velocity at the fishway inlet.

[0009] Optional, also includes: The third gate is located within the inlet of the third fish passage; The second gate is located inside the inlet of the second fishway; The first gate is located inside the inlet of the first fishway.

[0010] Optionally, it also includes a pebble bed located downstream of the tailrace channel, one side of which is connected to the sand-blocking embankment, and the other side of which is connected to the inlet of the third fishway.

[0011] Optionally, the automatic water replenishment component includes a water inlet pipe, a water replenishment pool, an overflow unit, and a water replenishment unit connected sequentially along the direction of gravity. The end of the water inlet pipe away from the water replenishment pool is used to connect with the upstream of the hydropower station, and the end of the water replenishment unit away from the overflow unit is connected with the fishway body.

[0012] Optionally, the water replenishment unit includes a first water replenishment opening pipe and a second water replenishment opening pipe. One end of the first water replenishment opening pipe and one end of the second water replenishment opening pipe are both connected to the overflow unit. The other end of the first water replenishment opening pipe is connected upstream of the bifurcation of the fishway body and the third fishway inlet. The other end of the second water replenishment opening pipe is connected downstream of the bifurcation of the fishway body and the second fishway inlet.

[0013] Optionally, the overflow unit includes a first overflow pipe and a second overflow pipe, one end of the first overflow pipe and one end of the second overflow pipe are both connected to the water replenishment tank, the other end of the first overflow pipe is connected to one end of the first water replenishment opening pipe, and the other end of the second overflow pipe is connected to one end of the second water replenishment opening pipe.

[0014] Optionally, the elevation of the first overflow pipe and the elevation of the second overflow pipe are the same.

[0015] Optionally, both the first water supply opening pipe and the second water supply opening pipe cover multiple fishway chambers of the fishway body.

[0016] Beneficial effects: (1) The multi-fishway inlet structure of the present invention, by keeping the third fishway inlet, the second fishway inlet and the first fishway inlet in the open state operating simultaneously, can automatically adapt to the large water level changes in the tailrace channel and the start-up and shutdown changes of the generator set. There is no need to switch the fishway inlets, so that the fish in the tailrace channel do not need to constantly search for the fishway inlets again, ensuring a good fish attraction effect. At the same time, there is no need for the fishway inlet gate to open and close at a high frequency, preventing water flow turbulence and eddies in the fishway inlet bifurcation section, thereby preventing turbulence and eddies from forcing migrating fish to lose their sense of direction, thus preventing fish from being stuck in the fishway and ensuring good fish passage efficiency.

[0017] (2) The multi-fishway inlet structure of the present invention has an automatic water replenishment component for automatic water replenishment, which facilitates the increase of the flow velocity at the third fishway inlet, the second fishway inlet and the first fishway inlet to 0.5-1.0 m / s, reaching the flow velocity range preferred by fish, improving the fish attraction effect and ensuring good fish migration performance; since the first water replenishment opening pipe and the second water replenishment opening pipe both cover multiple fishway chambers of the fishway body, it is convenient for the first water replenishment opening pipe and the second water replenishment opening pipe to replenish the fishway body in a large area, preventing the first water replenishment opening pipe and the second water replenishment opening pipe from replenishing the fishway body in a point-like concentrated manner, thereby preventing the influence of the mainstream flow state in the fishway body.

[0018] (3) The multi-fish passage inlet structure of the present invention has three fish passage inlets and automatic water replenishment components that operate without control. In actual use, it greatly reduces operating costs and operational difficulty, provides great convenience to users, and avoids the fish passage effect being affected by operational problems.

[0019] (4) In the multi-fish passage inlet structure of the present invention, the third fish passage inlet is combined with the sand-blocking sill and connected to the bottom of the tailrace channel. When the power generation flow of the generator unit of the hydropower station is large, fish are attracted by the sand-blocking sill itself and the flow velocity barrier at the top of the sand-blocking sill. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-fish channel inlet structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a plan view of the first fish passage inlet of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the first fish passage inlet of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a plan view of the second fish passage inlet of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the second fish passage inlet of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a plan view of the third fish passage inlet of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the third fish passage inlet of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the automatic water replenishment component according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 9 This is one of the partial views of the automatic water replenishment component of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a second partial view of the automatic water replenishment component of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Fishway body; 10. Fishway chamber; 11. First fishway inlet; 111. First gate; 12. Second fishway inlet; 121. Second gate; 122. Second sill; 13. Third fishway inlet; 131. Third gate; 132. Third sill; 2. Tailrace channel; 3. Plant wall; 4. Sand barrier; 5. Automatic water replenishment assembly; 51. Water intake pipe; 52. Water replenishment pool; 53. Overflow unit; 531. First overflow pipe; 532. Second overflow pipe; 54. Water replenishment unit; 541. First water replenishment opening pipe; 542. Second water replenishment opening pipe; 6. Pebble base. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this invention are for the convenience of describing the technical solutions of the invention and have no specific limiting effect; they are all general terms and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of the invention. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, not to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Multiple technical solutions in the same embodiment, as well as multiple technical solutions in different embodiments, can be arranged and combined to form new technical solutions that do not contradict or conflict, all of which are within the scope of protection claimed by this invention. Example 1

[0023] like Figure 1 This embodiment provides an automatic water replenishment multi-fishway inlet structure adapted to large water level fluctuations, including: a fishway body 1; a third fishway inlet 13, a second fishway inlet 12, and a first fishway inlet 11 connected sequentially to the fishway body 1 along the flow direction of the fishway water; a tailrace channel 2, with the third fishway inlet 13 connected to the downstream of the tailrace channel 2, and the second fishway inlet 12 and the first fishway inlet 11 both connected to the upstream of the tailrace channel 2; a powerhouse wall 3 located upstream of the tailrace channel 2, with the powerhouse wall 3 located upstream of the second fishway inlet 12 and the first fishway inlet 11; a sand-blocking sill 4 located downstream of the tailrace channel 2, with the sand-blocking sill 4 located upstream of the third fishway inlet 13; and an automatic water replenishment component 5, with the inlet of the automatic water replenishment component 5 connected to the upstream of the hydropower station, and the outlet of the automatic water replenishment component 5 connected to the fishway body 1.

[0024] Specifically, when the hydropower station's generators generate a large flow, the water level in the tailrace 2 is relatively high, and the flow velocity at the top of the retaining wall 4 exceeds 2 m / s, forming a velocity barrier that fish generally cannot pass through. The retaining wall 4 itself, along with the velocity barrier at its top, attracts fish, allowing most fish to enter the third fishway inlet 13. A small number of stronger fish can also pass through the retaining wall 4 and enter the second fishway inlet 12 or the first fishway inlet 11. When the hydropower station's generators are shut down or the flow is low, the water level in the tailrace 2 is relatively low. The attraction of the tailwater and the barrier effect of the powerhouse wall 3 attract fish, allowing most fish to enter the second fishway inlet 12 or the first fishway inlet 11. Some fish with weak swimming ability enter the third fishway inlet 13 under the guidance of the sandbar 4 itself. In summary, the multi-fishway inlet structure of this embodiment of the invention, by keeping the third fishway inlet 13, the second fishway inlet 12 and the first fishway inlet 11 in a normally open state, can automatically adapt to the large water level changes of the tailrace channel 2 and the start-up and shutdown of the generator set. There is no need to switch the fishway inlets, so that the fish in the tailrace channel 2 do not need to constantly search for the fishway inlets again, ensuring a good fish attraction effect. At the same time, there is no need for the fishway inlet gate to open and close at a high frequency, preventing water flow turbulence and eddies in the fishway inlet bifurcation section, thereby preventing turbulence and eddies from forcing migrating fish to lose their sense of direction, and thus preventing fish from getting stuck in the fishway, ensuring good fish passage efficiency.

[0025] The fishway body 1 is designed to accommodate the fishway water flow, which guides fish migration, facilitating fish migration within the fishway body 1. The third fishway inlet 13, the second fishway inlet 12, and the first fishway inlet 11 all facilitate fish migration. Since these inlets are sequentially arranged along the direction of the fishway water flow, the water first flows into the third fishway inlet 13, then into the second fishway inlet 12, and finally into the first fishway inlet 11. The third fishway inlet 13 is preferably a submersible fishway inlet, connected to the bottom plate of the tailrace channel 2. The bottom plate of the third fishway inlet 13 has an elevation of approximately 3300m and is specifically located approximately 91m downstream of the tailrace channel 2, on the left bank retaining wall, close to the sand-retaining embankment 4. The second fishway inlet 12 is preferably a conventional fishway inlet, with a bottom plate elevation of approximately 3307m. Its specific arrangement... At the upstream end of the tailrace 2, near the corner of the left-side guide wall; the first fishway inlet 11 is preferably a conventional fishway inlet, with a bottom elevation of approximately 3306m, specifically located at the upstream end of the tailrace 2 near the corner of the right-side guide wall; the tailrace 2 receives fishway water flow from the third fishway inlet 13, the second fishway inlet 12, and the first fishway inlet 11, facilitating fish migration; the powerhouse wall 3 serves as the wall of the hydroelectric power station's generator plant, and also attracts fish through its barrier function; the sand-blocking sill 4 prevents silt from entering the upstream of the tailrace 2, and also attracts fish through its barrier function and the velocity barrier at the top; the automatic water replenishment component 5 automatically replenishes water, facilitating the increase of the flow velocity at the third fishway inlet 13, the second fishway inlet 12, and the first fishway inlet 11 to 0.5-1.0m / s, reaching the flow velocity range preferred by fish, improving the fish attraction effect, and ensuring good fish migration performance.

[0026] Furthermore, such as Figures 4-7 It also includes: a third water-retaining sill 132 located in the third fishway inlet 13; and a second water-retaining sill 122 located in the second fishway inlet 12.

[0027] Specifically, since the third fishway inlet 13, the second fishway inlet 12, and the first fishway inlet 11 are arranged sequentially along the direction of the fishway water flow, it is convenient for the fishway water to first flow into the third fishway inlet 13, then into the second fishway inlet 12, and finally into the first fishway inlet 11. This means that the fishway water flow rate in the third fishway inlet 13 is the largest, the second fishway inlet 12 is the second largest, and the first fishway inlet 11 is the smallest. The third water-blocking sill 132 helps to reduce the fishway water flow rate in the third fishway inlet 13, and the second water-blocking sill 122 helps to reduce the fishway water flow rate in the second fishway inlet 12. This facilitates the diversion of the fishway water flow to a certain extent and prevents the fishway water flow from concentrating at one fishway inlet.

[0028] Furthermore, such as Figures 4-7 The height of the third water-retaining sill 132 is greater than the height of the second water-retaining sill 122.

[0029] Specifically, since the flow rate of the fishway inlet 13 is greater than that of the second fishway inlet 12, and since the height of the third baffle 132 is greater than that of the second baffle 122, the reduction in the flow rate of the fishway inlet 13 by the third baffle 132 is relatively greater, while the reduction in the flow rate of the fishway inlet 12 by the second baffle 122 is relatively smaller. This further facilitates the effective diversion of the fishway flow and prevents the fishway flow from concentrating at a single inlet. The height of the third baffle 132 is preferably approximately 1m, and the height of the second baffle 122 is preferably approximately 0.5m.

[0030] Furthermore, such as Figures 2-7 It also includes: a third gate 131 located in the third fishway inlet 13; a second gate 121 located in the second fishway inlet 12; and a first gate 111 located in the first fishway inlet 11.

[0031] Specifically, the third gate 131 is used to control the opening and closing of the third fish passage inlet 13; the second gate 121 is used to control the opening and closing of the second fish passage inlet 12; and the first gate 111 is used to control the opening and closing of the first fish passage inlet 11. During normal operation, the third gate 131, the second gate 121, and the first gate 111 are all open to ensure that fish can enter the third fish passage inlet 13, the second fish passage inlet 12, and the first fish passage inlet 11.

[0032] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 6 It also includes a pebble bed 6 located downstream of the tailrace channel 2. One side of the pebble bed 6 is connected to the sand retaining wall 4, and the other side of the pebble bed 6 is connected to the third fishway inlet 13.

[0033] Specifically, the pebble substrate 6 simulates the natural riverbed sediment, attracting fish by utilizing their substrate-attracting properties. The pebble substrate 6 is preferably fan-shaped, which facilitates expanding the "point-like entry point" into a "guiding area," thereby increasing the fish-attracting effect.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figures 8-10 The automatic water replenishment component 5 includes a water inlet pipe 51, a water replenishment pool 52, an overflow unit 53, and a water replenishment unit 54 connected sequentially along the direction of gravity. The end of the water inlet pipe 51 away from the water replenishment pool 52 is used to connect with the upstream of the hydropower station, and the end of the water replenishment unit 54 away from the overflow unit 53 is connected with the fishway body 1.

[0035] Specifically, the water inlet pipe 51 is used to automatically introduce the upstream water flow of the hydropower station into the water replenishment pool 52 by its own gravity; the water replenishment pool 52 is used to dissipate energy and stabilize the flow state of the water flow; the overflow unit 53 is used for overflow. When the water level in the water replenishment pool 52 is greater than the inlet height of the overflow unit 53, the water flow in the water replenishment pool 52 automatically overflows into the overflow unit 53; the water replenishment unit 54 automatically receives the water flow from the overflow unit 53 by the gravity of the water flow and automatically replenishes the water flow to the fishway body 1, thereby realizing automatic water replenishment without control.

[0036] Furthermore, such as Figures 8-10 The water replenishment unit 54 includes a first water replenishment opening pipe 541 and a second water replenishment opening pipe 542. One end of the first water replenishment opening pipe 541 and one end of the second water replenishment opening pipe 542 are both connected to the overflow unit 53. The other end of the first water replenishment opening pipe 541 is connected to the upstream of the bifurcation of the fish passage body 1 and the third fish passage inlet 13. The other end of the second water replenishment opening pipe 542 is connected to the downstream of the bifurcation of the fish passage body 1 and the second fish passage inlet 12.

[0037] Specifically, the first water supply opening pipe 541 is used to supply water upstream of the bifurcation of the fishway body 1 and the third fishway inlet 13, so that the first water supply opening pipe 541 is mainly used to supply water to the third fishway inlet 13 and the second fishway inlet 12; the second water supply opening pipe 542 is used to supply water downstream of the bifurcation of the fishway body 1 and the second fishway inlet 12, so that the second water supply opening pipe 542 is mainly used to supply water to the first fishway inlet 11.

[0038] Furthermore, such as Figures 8-10 The overflow unit 53 includes a first overflow pipe 531 and a second overflow pipe 532. One end of the first overflow pipe 531 and one end of the second overflow pipe 532 are both connected to the water replenishment tank 52. The other end of the first overflow pipe 531 is connected to one end of the first water replenishment opening pipe 541, and the other end of the second overflow pipe 532 is connected to one end of the second water replenishment opening pipe 542.

[0039] Specifically, the first overflow pipe 531 is used to allow water in the water replenishment tank 52 to enter the first water replenishment opening pipe 541 through the overflow action; the second overflow pipe 532 facilitates the water in the water replenishment tank 52 to enter the second water replenishment opening pipe 542 through the overflow action.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figures 8-10 The elevation of the first overflow pipe 531 is the same as that of the second overflow pipe 532.

[0041] Specifically, since the elevation of the first overflow pipe 531 and the second overflow pipe 532 are the same, it is convenient for the water in the water replenishment tank 52 to rise to a certain height, and the water in the water replenishment tank 52 to flow into the first overflow pipe 531 and the second overflow pipe 532 at the same time, thereby making the water replenishment of the first water replenishment opening pipe 541 and the second water replenishment opening pipe 542 more synchronized.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figures 8-10 The first water supply opening pipe 541 and the second water supply opening pipe 542 both cover multiple fish passage chambers 10 of the fish passage body 1.

[0043] Specifically, since both the first water supply pipe 541 and the second water supply pipe 542 cover multiple fishway chambers 10 of the fishway body 1, it is convenient for both the first water supply pipe 541 and the second water supply pipe 542 to supply water to the fishway body 1 over a large area, preventing the first water supply pipe 541 and the second water supply pipe 542 from supplying water to the fishway body 1 in a concentrated point manner, thereby preventing the main flow pattern in the fishway body 1 from being affected. Preferably, both the first water supply pipe 541 and the second water supply pipe 542 cover five fishway chambers 10 of the fishway body 1.

[0044] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-fishway inlet structure for automatic water replenishment adapted to large water level fluctuations, characterized in that, include: Fishway body(1); The third fishway inlet (13), the second fishway inlet (12), and the first fishway inlet (11) are connected to the fishway body (1) in sequence along the direction of the fishway water flow; Tailwater channel (2), the third fish passage inlet (13) is connected to the downstream of the tailwater channel (2), and the second fish passage inlet (12) and the first fish passage inlet (11) are both connected to the upstream of the tailwater channel (2); The plant wall (3) is located upstream of the tailrace channel (2), and the plant wall (3) is located upstream of the second fish passage inlet (12) and the first fish passage inlet (11); A sand-blocking embankment (4) is located downstream of the tailrace channel (2), and the sand-blocking embankment (4) is located upstream of the third fishway inlet (13); Automatic water replenishment component (5), the inlet of which is connected to the upstream of the hydropower station, and the outlet of which is connected to the fishway body (1).

2. The automatic water replenishment multi-fishway inlet structure adapting to large water level fluctuations according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A third water-retaining sill (132) is provided inside the third fishway inlet (13); A second water-blocking sill (122) is installed inside the second fishway inlet (12).

3. The automatic water replenishment multi-fishway inlet structure adapting to large water level fluctuations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height of the third water-retaining sill (132) is greater than the height of the second water-retaining sill (122).

4. The multi-fishway inlet structure for automatic water replenishment adapted to large water level fluctuations according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The third gate (131) is located inside the third fish passage inlet (13); The second gate (121) is located inside the second fishway inlet (12); The first gate (111) is located inside the first fishway inlet (11).

5. The multi-fishway inlet structure for automatic water replenishment adapted to large water level fluctuations according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a pebble bed (6) located downstream of the tailrace channel (2), one side of which is connected to the sand retaining wall (4), and the other side of which is connected to the third fishway inlet (13).

6. The automatic water replenishment multi-fishway inlet structure adapting to large water level fluctuations according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The automatic water replenishment component (5) includes a water inlet pipe (51), a water replenishment pool (52), an overflow unit (53), and a water replenishment unit (54) connected sequentially along the direction of gravity. The end of the water inlet pipe (51) away from the water replenishment pool (52) is used to connect with the upstream of the hydropower station, and the end of the water replenishment unit (54) away from the overflow unit (53) is connected with the fishway body (1).

7. The automatic water replenishment multi-fishway inlet structure adapting to large water level fluctuations according to claim 6, characterized in that, The water replenishment unit (54) includes a first water replenishment opening pipe (541) and a second water replenishment opening pipe (542). One end of the first water replenishment opening pipe (541) and one end of the second water replenishment opening pipe (542) are both connected to the overflow unit (53). The other end of the first water replenishment opening pipe (541) is connected upstream of the bifurcation of the fishway body (1) and the third fishway inlet (13). The other end of the second water replenishment opening pipe (542) is connected downstream of the bifurcation of the fishway body (1) and the second fishway inlet (12).

8. The multi-fishway inlet structure for automatic water replenishment adapted to large water level fluctuations according to claim 7, characterized in that, The overflow unit (53) includes a first overflow pipe (531) and a second overflow pipe (532). One end of the first overflow pipe (531) and one end of the second overflow pipe (532) are both connected to the water replenishment tank (52). The other end of the first overflow pipe (531) is connected to one end of the first water replenishment opening pipe (541), and the other end of the second overflow pipe (532) is connected to one end of the second water replenishment opening pipe (542).

9. The multi-fishway inlet structure for automatic water replenishment adapted to large water level fluctuations according to claim 8, characterized in that, The elevation of the first overflow pipe (531) is the same as the elevation of the second overflow pipe (532).

10. The automatic water replenishment multi-fishway inlet structure adapting to large water level fluctuations according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first water supply opening pipe (541) and the second water supply opening pipe (542) both cover multiple fish passage chambers (10) of the fish passage body (1).

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