A turbocharging system for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine having separate exhaust flow paths for each cylinder and a method of controlling the same

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of exhaust gas flow passage route each independent multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharging system and its control method.The present application includes the turbine supported in multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharging system and can rotate, turbine is enclosed in the turbine cavity of turbine shell, and the scroll flow passage cavity that turbine shell is provided with and is communicated with turbine cavity around turbine inside, the cylinder head of multi-cylinder internal combustion engine is provided with cylinder head exhaust passage outlet corresponding each cylinder, scroll flow passage cavity is communicated to cylinder head exhaust passage outlet by hollow pipeline;Scroll flow passage cavity is divided into multiple scroll flow passage sub-cavities that are spatially isolated by the partition wall arranged on turbine shell, each scroll flow passage sub-cavity is gradually reduced along the circumference, and the number of scroll flow passage sub-cavity is same with the cylinder number of multi-cylinder internal combustion engine;Each scroll flow passage sub-cavity is communicated to corresponding cylinder head exhaust passage outlet by an independent hollow pipeline, and each independent hollow pipeline is isolated from each other.The present application improves the reliability of turbine machine work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of turbocharger technology, and in particular to a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharger system with independent exhaust gas flow paths and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] The exhaust gas produced by combustion in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine flows out through the exhaust port of the cylinder head, flows through the hollow pipe to the turbine housing, is guided in the turbine housing to blow onto the turbine, causing the turbine to rotate at high speed, and the turbine then drives the compressor impeller to rotate, compressing fresh air and sending it into the cylinder to mix with fuel and burn, thereby doing work.

[0003] Currently, engine exhaust manifolds and turbocharger turbines are usually designed separately, with little consideration given to the mutual influence between upstream and downstream components.

[0004] Currently, there are several main technical solutions for guiding exhaust gases from the cylinder head to the vicinity of the turbine: Reference Figure 1 As shown, after the exhaust gas from each cylinder is discharged from the cylinder head 5, it flows into a single hollow pipe 7 (also known as the exhaust manifold) to the turbine housing 2. The turbine housing 2 is provided with a single vortex flow channel cavity 4 that gradually narrows along the entire circumference. After the exhaust gas enters the turbine housing 2, it rushes into the turbine cavity 3 under the guidance of the vortex flow channel cavity 4 and drives the turbine 1 inside to rotate.

[0005] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the exhaust gas from each cylinder is divided into two groups, which flow into two hollow pipes 7 (the two hollow pipes 7 are generally made as one piece, also known as exhaust manifolds) and flow to the turbine housing 2. The turbine housing 2 is provided with two vortex flow channels 4 that are axially offset and gradually narrow along the circumference. Each vortex flow channel 4 is connected to a hollow pipe 7. After the exhaust gas enters the turbine housing 2, it rushes into the turbine cavity 3 and merges under the guidance of the two vortex flow channels 4, driving the turbine 1 to rotate.

[0006] Reference Figure 3 As shown, the exhaust gas from each cylinder is divided into two groups, which flow into two hollow pipes 7 (the two hollow pipes 7 are generally made as one piece, also known as exhaust manifolds) and flow to the turbine housing 2. The turbine housing 2 is provided with two vortex flow channels 4 that overlap in the axial direction and gradually shrink along the half circumference. Each vortex flow channel 4 is connected to a hollow pipe 7. After the exhaust gas enters the turbine housing 2, it rushes into the turbine cavity 3 and merges under the guidance of the two vortex flow channels 4, driving the turbine 1 inside to rotate.

[0007] In addition, while the existing opposed dual-flow channel structure can improve efficiency, it is easy for the turbine to be subjected to large unbalanced loads during operation, which in turn leads to increased bearing wobble and affects the working stability and reliability of the turbine. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address this, the present invention provides a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharging system and its control method, in which each exhaust gas has an independent flow path. The turbocharging system is located inside the turbine housing, where the vortex flow passage surrounding the turbine is divided into multiple spatially isolated vortex flow passage sub-cavities by a partition wall. The number of vortex flow passage sub-cavities is the same as the number of cylinders in the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine. Each vortex flow passage sub-cavity is connected to the corresponding cylinder head exhaust outlet via an independent hollow pipe. These independent hollow pipes are isolated from each other, avoiding the need for thickened merging pipes and reducing the wetted circumferential cross-section of the pipes. This reduces the friction loss and mixing loss of the exhaust gas flow, and also improves the turbine's responsiveness. The lengths of the independent hollow pipes can be set to be different, allowing exhaust gas flows originating from different cylinders and thus having different exhaust times to reach the opposite vortex flow passage sub-cavities and drive the turbine according to their respective set expected times. This reduces or even eliminates the unbalanced load on the turbine, reduces bearing runout, and improves the turbine's operational reliability.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharging system with independent exhaust gas flow paths, including a turbine supported in the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharging system and capable of rotation, the turbine being enclosed in a turbine cavity within a turbine housing, a vortex flow channel cavity communicating with the turbine cavity being provided around the turbine inside the turbine housing, a cylinder head exhaust port outlet corresponding to each cylinder of the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine being provided on the cylinder head, the vortex flow channel cavity being connected to the cylinder head exhaust port outlet via a hollow pipe, wherein the number of cylinders of the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine is greater than 2; The vortex flow channel cavity is divided into multiple spatially isolated vortex flow channel sub-cavities by the partition walls arranged on the turbine housing. Each of the vortex flow channel sub-cavities gradually shrinks in the circumferential direction, and the number of the vortex flow channel sub-cavities is the same as the number of cylinders in a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine. Each of the vortex flow channel sub-cavities is connected to the corresponding cylinder head exhaust port outlet via an independent hollow pipe, and each of the independent hollow pipes is isolated from the others. The exhaust gases from each cylinder of the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine enter the corresponding vortex flow channel cavity through the independent hollow pipes, and rush into the turbine cavity to drive the turbine to rotate.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the lengths of each of the independent hollow pipes are different.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, each of the independent hollow pipes is made into one piece.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, each of the vortex flow channel sub-cavities is evenly distributed around the turbine.

[0013] In one embodiment of the invention, all of the said vortex flow channel sub-cavities collectively occupy the full circumference of the turbine.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the turbine housing is integrally formed with each of the independent hollow pipes.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the cylinder head is integrally formed with each of the independent hollow pipelines.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the cylinder head, the turbine housing, and each of the independent hollow pipes are integrally formed.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine has 4 cylinders.

[0018] The present invention also provides a control method for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharging system with independent exhaust gas flow paths, comprising: In a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, the exhaust gases produced by the combustion of each cylinder are discharged from their respective cylinder head exhaust ports. The exhaust gas from each cylinder flows to the turbine housing through its corresponding independent hollow pipe, and is isolated from the exhaust gas from other cylinders during the flow process. Each exhaust gas enters its corresponding vortex flow channel cavity along its respective independent hollow pipe, and under the guidance of multiple vortex flow channel cavities, they converge and rush into the turbine cavity, driving the turbine to rotate; By setting the lengths of each of the independent hollow pipes to be different, exhaust gases from different cylinders arrive at the corresponding vortex flow channel sub-cavities in a set sequence.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: This invention discloses a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharger system and its control method, in which each cylinder's exhaust gas flows to the turbine housing through a separately configured hollow pipe. The turbine housing contains multiple circumferentially tapering vortex flow channel sub-cavities, the same number as the number of cylinders, occupying the entire circumference. After entering the turbine housing, the exhaust gas, guided by the multiple vortex flow channel sub-cavities, flows into and merges in the turbine cavity, driving the turbine to rotate. Unlike existing opposed dual-flow channel structures, this invention employs a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharger system with independent exhaust gas flow paths. By adjusting the pulse phase angle in the integrated exhaust system, the intake phase angles of the two symmetrically positioned flow channels are made the same, reducing bearing wobble and improving turbine reliability. Since each manifold is directly connected to the flow channel, mixing losses are reduced, improving turbine responsiveness; the total cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel is reduced, decreasing the effective flow volume and improving turbine performance; therefore, turbine performance, reliability, and responsiveness can be improved simultaneously. It is particularly suitable for applications in constant operating conditions (e.g., data centers, power plants). Attached Figure Description

[0020] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharger system where exhaust gases from each cylinder are fed into a single pipeline.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an existing multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharger system where the exhaust gases from each cylinder are fed into two separate pipelines.

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharger system where the exhaust gases from each cylinder are fed into two separate pipelines.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharging system with independent exhaust gas flow paths according to the present invention.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals on the accompanying drawings: 1. Turbine; 2. Turbine housing; 3. Turbine cavity; 4. Vortex flow channel cavity; 5. Cylinder head; 6. Cylinder head exhaust port outlet; 7. Hollow pipes; 8. Partition wall; 9. Vortex flow channel cavity; 10. Independent hollow pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0027] In this invention, when directions (up, down, left, right, front, and back) are described, it is only for the convenience of describing the technical solution of this invention, and does not indicate or imply that the technical features referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0028] In this invention, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," "exceeding," etc., are understood to exclude the stated number; "above," "below," "within," etc., are understood to include the stated number. In the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0029] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "setting," "installing," and "connecting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrally formed connection; a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection capable of mutual communication; or the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0030] Reference Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharger system with independent exhaust gas flow paths, including a turbine 1 supported in the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharger system and capable of rotation. The turbine 1 is enclosed in a turbine cavity 3 of a turbine housing 2. The turbine housing 2 has a vortex flow channel cavity 4 surrounding the turbine 1 and communicating with the turbine cavity 3. The cylinder head 5 of the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine has a cylinder head exhaust port outlet 6 corresponding to each cylinder. The vortex flow channel cavity 4 is connected to the cylinder head exhaust port outlet 6 through a hollow pipe 7. The number of cylinders in the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine is greater than 2. The vortex flow channel cavity 4 is divided into multiple spatially isolated vortex flow channel sub-cavities 9 by the partition wall 8 arranged on the turbine housing 2. Each of the vortex flow channel sub-cavities 9 gradually shrinks in the circumferential direction, and the number of the vortex flow channel sub-cavities 9 is the same as the number of cylinders in a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine. Each of the vortex flow channel sub-cavities 9 is connected to the corresponding cylinder head exhaust port outlet 6 via an independent hollow pipe 10, and each of the independent hollow pipes 10 is isolated from each other. The exhaust gases from each cylinder of the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine enter the corresponding vortex flow channel sub-cavities 9 through the independent hollow pipes 10, and rush into the turbine cavity 3 to drive the turbine 1 to rotate.

[0031] By adjusting the pulse phase angle in the integrated exhaust system, the intake phase angles of the two symmetrically positioned flow channels are made the same, reducing bearing wobble and improving the reliability of turbine 1. Since each manifold is directly connected to the flow channel, mixing losses are reduced, improving the responsiveness of turbine 1; the reduced wetted perimeter of the total flow channel area and the decreased effective flow volume further enhance turbine 1's performance.

[0032] In one embodiment, the lengths of the individual hollow pipes 10 are different.

[0033] In one embodiment, each of the individual hollow pipes 10 is made as a single unit.

[0034] In one embodiment, each of the vortex flow channel sub-cavities 9 is evenly distributed around the turbine 1.

[0035] In one embodiment, all of the vortex flow channel cavities 9 collectively occupy the full circumference of the turbine 1.

[0036] In one embodiment, the turbine housing 2 is integrally formed with each of the individual hollow pipes 10.

[0037] In one embodiment, the cylinder head 5 is integral with each of the individual hollow pipes 10.

[0038] In one embodiment, the cylinder head 5, the turbine housing 2, and each of the independent hollow pipes 10 are integrally formed.

[0039] In one embodiment, the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine has four cylinders.

[0040] The turbocharger system of the turbocharger 1 is located inside the turbine housing 2. The vortex flow passage 4 surrounding the turbine 1 is divided into multiple spatially isolated vortex flow passage sub-cavities 9 by the partition wall 8. The number of vortex flow passage sub-cavities 9 is the same as the number of cylinders in a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine. Each vortex flow passage sub-cavity 9 is connected to the corresponding cylinder head exhaust port outlet 6 through an independent hollow pipe 10. Each independent hollow pipe 10 is isolated from each other, avoiding the need for thickened merging pipes, reducing the wetted circumferential cross-section of the pipes, thereby reducing the exhaust gas flow friction and mixing losses, and also improving the responsiveness of the turbocharger 1.

[0041] This embodiment also provides a control method for the turbocharger system of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine with independent exhaust gas flow paths, including: The exhaust gases produced by the combustion of each cylinder in the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine are discharged from their respective cylinder head exhaust port outlets 6. The exhaust gas from each cylinder flows to the turbine housing 2 through its corresponding independent hollow pipe 10, and is isolated from the exhaust gas from other cylinders during the flow process. Each exhaust gas enters the corresponding vortex flow channel cavity 9 along the corresponding independent hollow pipe 10, and under the guidance of multiple vortex flow channel cavities 9, they converge and rush into the turbine cavity 3, driving the turbine 1 to rotate. By setting the lengths of each of the independent hollow pipes 10 to be different, exhaust gases from different cylinders arrive at the corresponding vortex flow channel sub-cavities 9 and drive the turbine 1 in a set sequence, thereby reducing or even eliminating the unbalanced load on the turbine 1, reducing bearing wobble, and improving the working reliability of the turbine 1.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A turbocharging system for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine with independent exhaust gas flow paths, characterized in that, The multi-cylinder internal combustion engine includes a turbine (1) supported on the turbocharging system of the turbine (1) and capable of rotation. The turbine (1) is contained in the turbine cavity (3) of the turbine housing (2). The turbine housing (2) has a vortex flow channel cavity (4) that communicates with the turbine cavity (3) around the turbine (1). The cylinder head (5) of the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine has a cylinder head exhaust port outlet (6) corresponding to each cylinder. The vortex flow channel cavity (4) is connected to the cylinder head exhaust port outlet (6) through a hollow pipe (7). The number of cylinders of the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine is greater than 2. The vortex flow channel cavity (4) is divided into multiple vortex flow channel sub-cavities (9) that are spatially isolated from each other by the partition wall (8) arranged on the turbine housing (2). Each of the vortex flow channel sub-cavities (9) gradually shrinks in the circumferential direction. The number of the vortex flow channel sub-cavities (9) is the same as the number of cylinders in a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine. Each of the vortex flow channel sub-cavities (9) is connected to the corresponding cylinder head exhaust port outlet (6) via an independent hollow pipe (10), and each of the independent hollow pipes (10) is isolated from each other; The exhaust gas from each cylinder of the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine enters the corresponding vortex flow channel sub-cavity (9) through the independent hollow pipe (10) and rushes into the turbine cavity (3) to drive the turbine (1) to rotate.

2. The multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharger (1) with independent exhaust gas flow paths according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lengths of the individual hollow pipes (10) are different.

3. The multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharger (1) with independent exhaust gas flow paths according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the independent hollow pipes (10) is made into one piece.

4. The multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharger (1) with independent exhaust gas flow paths according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the vortex flow channel sub-cavities (9) is evenly distributed around the turbine (1).

5. The multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharger (1) with independent exhaust gas flow paths according to claim 1, characterized in that, All of the vortex flow channel sub-cavities (9) together occupy the full circumference of the turbine (1).

6. The multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharger (1) with independent exhaust gas flow paths according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turbine housing (2) is integrated with each of the independent hollow pipes (10).

7. The multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharger (1) with independent exhaust gas flow paths according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder head (5) is integrated with each of the independent hollow pipes (10).

8. The multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharger (1) with independent exhaust gas flow paths according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder head (5), the turbine housing (2), and each of the independent hollow pipes (10) are made into one piece.

9. A multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharger (1) with independent exhaust gas flow paths according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-cylinder internal combustion engine has 4 cylinders.

10. A control method for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine turbocharger (1) system with independent exhaust gas flow paths as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: The exhaust gases generated by the combustion of each cylinder in the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine are discharged from their respective cylinder head exhaust port outlets (6); The exhaust gas discharged from each cylinder flows to the turbine housing (2) through an independent hollow pipe (10) corresponding to it, and is isolated from the exhaust gas discharged from other cylinders during the flow process. Each exhaust gas enters the corresponding vortex flow channel cavity (9) along the corresponding independent hollow pipe (10), and under the guidance of multiple vortex flow channel cavities (9), they converge and rush into the turbine cavity (3), driving the turbine (1) to rotate; In this process, by setting the lengths of each of the independent hollow pipes (10) to be different, exhaust gases from different cylinders arrive at the corresponding vortex flow channel sub-cavities (9) in a set sequence.

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