Coal-hydrogen mixed combustion boiler combustion system and coal-hydrogen mixed combustion boiler combustion system operation method

Abstract

The application relates to a coal-hydrogen mixed combustion boiler combustion system and a coal-hydrogen mixed combustion boiler combustion system operation method. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining operation state information of a coal power unit; determining an operation stage of the coal power unit according to the operation state information; when the operation stage is a deep peak shaving period, controlling the hydrogen combustion of a main combustion zone hydrogen combustor to assist low-load stable combustion; when the operation stage is a load rapid lifting period, controlling the hydrogen combustion of the main combustion zone hydrogen combustor and the burn-out zone hydrogen combustor to simultaneously burn hydrogen, so as to rapidly lift the boiler heat load; when the operation stage is a required peak period, controlling the hydrogen combustion of the main combustion zone hydrogen combustor and the burn-out zone hydrogen combustor to simultaneously burn hydrogen, so as to improve the coal power unit load capacity. Therefore, the dynamic load adaptability of the coal power unit is effectively improved, and the coal power boiler combustion effect is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of renewable energy technology, and in particular to a coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system and a method for operating the coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of renewable energy technologies, coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion technology has emerged. This technology involves mixing a certain proportion of hydrogen with pulverized coal (or coal-based fuel gas) and burning it together in the combustion system of a traditional coal-fired boiler for power generation or industrial heating. It is not about "replacing coal with hydrogen," but rather introducing hydrogen as an auxiliary fuel into existing coal-fired power facilities; it is a transitional coupling technology for the low-carbon transformation of coal-fired power plants. As an important path for the low-carbon transformation and flexibility improvement of coal-fired power plants, existing technical solutions revolve around four core aspects: hydrogen source supply, system integration, combustion control, and safety assurance, forming a multi-dimensional technical path. Operational methods focus on load adaptation, efficiency optimization, and risk control, and have achieved phased results in theoretical research, numerical simulation, and small-scale demonstrations.

[0003] Current coal-hydrogen co-fired boilers can employ renewable energy-coupled hydrogen production and co-firing systems and operating schemes. The core of this approach is to address the synergy between hydrogen supply and renewable energy consumption. The system integrates renewable power generation units, water electrolysis for hydrogen and oxygen production, a coal-fired boiler, and auxiliary treatment systems. Hydrogen is produced by electrolysis of water driven by renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power. A portion of the hydrogen is directly fed into the boiler for co-firing, while the remaining hydrogen can be used to synthesize energy storage carriers such as methanol. Oxygen is simultaneously co-fired into the pulverized coal burner for combustion. The system also includes carbon capture, nitrogen purging, and water recovery systems to achieve energy recycling and emission control. During operation, a flow regulator stabilizes the flow fluctuations of the hydrogen-oxygen co-firing process, dynamically allocating the co-firing ratio of hydrogen, coal, and oxygen based on grid load changes. During off-peak hours, surplus green electricity is used to produce hydrogen for energy storage, while during peak hours, hydrogen is released to increase boiler output, balancing peak-shaving flexibility and combustion stability. This system is suitable for coal-fired power units with available renewable energy resources.

[0004] However, this method is difficult to adjust the hydrogen doping ratio accurately in real time according to the load. It is prone to instability / flameout at low loads, and overheating and NO generation at high loads. x The surge in temperature, lack of real-time monitoring and closed-loop control, and inability to quickly match the combustion state inside the furnace make it difficult to stabilize at the optimal operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system and its operation method that can improve dynamic load adaptability and ensure the combustion effect of coal-fired power boilers, in order to address the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system, the system including hydrogen storage equipment, delivery pipelines and burner equipment;

[0007] The hydrogen storage device is used to store hydrogen, and the delivery pipeline is used to deliver the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage device to the burner device.

[0008] The burner equipment includes a main combustion zone hydrogen burner and a burnout zone hydrogen burner. The main combustion zone hydrogen burner is arranged at the center of the secondary air nozzle between the two pulverized coal burners in the main combustion zone to assist in the stable combustion of pulverized coal. The pure hydrogen burner is arranged in the burnout air area of ​​the burner equipment to generate a reducing atmosphere in the upper part of the boiler furnace of the burner equipment to reduce the nitrogen oxides generated in the main combustion zone.

[0009] The coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system is used to assist in stable combustion at low loads by using hydrogen in the main combustion zone hydrogen burner during the deep peak shaving period of the coal-fired power unit. During the period of rapid load increase of the coal-fired power unit, hydrogen is simultaneously burned by the main combustion zone hydrogen burner and the burnout zone hydrogen burner to rapidly increase the boiler's thermal load. During the peak demand period of the coal-fired power unit, hydrogen is simultaneously burned by the main combustion zone hydrogen burner and the burnout zone hydrogen burner to enhance the constant load capacity of the coal-fired power unit.

[0010] In one embodiment, the system further includes a new energy power generation device and a hydrogen production device; the new energy power generation device is used to generate electricity based on new energy sources, and the hydrogen production device is used to generate hydrogen from the electricity and transport the hydrogen to the hydrogen storage device for storage.

[0011] In one embodiment, the new energy power generation equipment includes photovoltaic power generation equipment and wind power generation equipment, and the hydrogen production equipment includes alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment and proton exchange membrane hydrogen production equipment.

[0012] In one embodiment, the device is further configured to determine the power generation and curtailment of the new energy power generation equipment, and adjust the operating status and power of the hydrogen production equipment based on the power generation and curtailment.

[0013] In one embodiment, the new energy power generation equipment further includes an electrochemical energy storage device.

[0014] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage device buffers or stores hydrogen through a hydrogen storage tank and delivers hydrogen to the burner device according to the combustion needs of the coal-fired power unit at different times.

[0015] The aforementioned coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system stores hydrogen through a hydrogen storage device, and transports the stored hydrogen to the burner device via a pipeline. This allows for the management of the coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion on the burner device. Specifically, the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone is located at the center of the secondary air nozzle between the two pulverized coal burners in the main combustion zone to assist in the stable combustion of pulverized coal. The pure hydrogen burner is located in the burnout air area of ​​the burner device to generate a reducing atmosphere in the upper part of the boiler furnace to reduce the nitrogen oxides generated in the main combustion zone. During different operating phases of coal-fired power units, hydrogen blending combustion of burner equipment can be controlled according to the characteristics of the operating phase. During periods of deep peak shaving, hydrogen blending combustion is carried out through the main combustion zone hydrogen burner to assist stable combustion at low loads. During periods of rapid load increase, hydrogen is simultaneously blended into the main combustion zone hydrogen burner and the burnout zone hydrogen burner to rapidly increase the boiler's thermal load. During peak demand periods of coal-fired power units, hydrogen is simultaneously blended into the main combustion zone hydrogen burner and the burnout zone hydrogen burner to enhance the fixed load capacity of coal-fired power units. This effectively improves the dynamic load adaptability of coal-fired power units and ensures the combustion effect of coal-fired boilers.

[0016] Secondly, this application also provides a method for operating a coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system, including:

[0017] Obtain operating status information of coal-fired power units;

[0018] The operating stage of the coal-fired power unit is determined based on the operating status information;

[0019] When the operation phase is a deep peak shaving period, a first control command is generated, and based on the first control command, the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone is controlled to perform hydrogen-blended combustion to assist in stable combustion under low load.

[0020] When the operation phase is a period of rapid load increase, a second control command is generated, and based on the second control command, the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone and the hydrogen burner in the burnout zone are controlled to simultaneously combust hydrogen to rapidly increase the boiler heat load.

[0021] When the operation phase is a peak period, a third control command is generated, and based on the third control command, the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone and the hydrogen burner in the burnout zone are controlled to simultaneously co-fire hydrogen to improve the fixed load capacity of the coal-fired power unit.

[0022] Thirdly, this application also provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to perform the following steps:

[0023] Obtain operating status information of coal-fired power units;

[0024] The operating stage of the coal-fired power unit is determined based on the operating status information;

[0025] When the operation phase is a deep peak shaving period, a first control command is generated, and based on the first control command, the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone is controlled to perform hydrogen-blended combustion to assist in stable combustion under low load.

[0026] When the operation phase is a period of rapid load increase, a second control command is generated, and based on the second control command, the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone and the hydrogen burner in the burnout zone are controlled to simultaneously combust hydrogen to rapidly increase the boiler heat load.

[0027] When the operation phase is a peak period, a third control command is generated, and based on the third control command, the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone and the hydrogen burner in the burnout zone are controlled to simultaneously co-fire hydrogen to improve the fixed load capacity of the coal-fired power unit.

[0028] Fourthly, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps:

[0029] Obtain operating status information of coal-fired power units;

[0030] The operating stage of the coal-fired power unit is determined based on the operating status information;

[0031] When the operation phase is a deep peak shaving period, a first control command is generated, and based on the first control command, the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone is controlled to perform hydrogen-blended combustion to assist in stable combustion under low load.

[0032] When the operation phase is a period of rapid load increase, a second control command is generated, and based on the second control command, the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone and the hydrogen burner in the burnout zone are controlled to simultaneously combust hydrogen to rapidly increase the boiler heat load.

[0033] When the operation phase is a peak period, a third control command is generated, and based on the third control command, the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone and the hydrogen burner in the burnout zone are controlled to simultaneously co-fire hydrogen to improve the fixed load capacity of the coal-fired power unit.

[0034] Fifthly, this application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps:

[0035] Obtain operating status information of coal-fired power units;

[0036] The operating stage of the coal-fired power unit is determined based on the operating status information;

[0037] When the operation phase is a deep peak shaving period, a first control command is generated, and based on the first control command, the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone is controlled to perform hydrogen-blended combustion to assist in stable combustion under low load.

[0038] When the operation phase is a period of rapid load increase, a second control command is generated, and based on the second control command, the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone and the hydrogen burner in the burnout zone are controlled to simultaneously combust hydrogen to rapidly increase the boiler heat load.

[0039] When the operation phase is a peak period, a third control command is generated, and based on the third control command, the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone and the hydrogen burner in the burnout zone are controlled to simultaneously co-fire hydrogen to improve the fixed load capacity of the coal-fired power unit.

[0040] The aforementioned coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system operation method, computer equipment, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product acquire the operating status information of the coal-fired power unit; determine the operating stage of the coal-fired power unit based on the operating status information; when the operating stage is a deep peak-shaving period, generate a first control command, and based on the first control command, control the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone to co-fire with hydrogen to assist stable combustion at low loads; when the operating stage is a period of rapid load increase, generate a second control command, and based on the second control command, control the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone and the hydrogen burner in the burnout zone to simultaneously co-fire with hydrogen to rapidly increase the boiler's thermal load; when the operating stage is a period requiring peak load, generate a third control command, and based on the third control command, control the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone and the hydrogen burner in the burnout zone to simultaneously co-fire with hydrogen to improve the constant load capacity of the coal-fired power unit. This effectively improves the dynamic load adaptability of the coal-fired power unit and ensures the combustion effect of the coal-fired boiler. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the combustion system of a coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler in one embodiment;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the burner device in one embodiment;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the combustion system of a coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler in another embodiment;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the combustion system of a coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler that includes a hydrogen production system in one embodiment.

[0046] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation method of a coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system in one embodiment;

[0047] Figure 6 This is an internal structural diagram of a computer device in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0049] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application can be used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the first element from the second element. The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, used in this application, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The term "multiple" used in this application refers to two or more. The term "and / or" used in this application refers to one of the embodiments, or any combination of multiple embodiments.

[0050] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system is provided, the system including a hydrogen storage device 102, a delivery pipeline 104, and a burner device 106. The hydrogen storage device 102 is used to store hydrogen, and the delivery pipeline 104 is used to deliver the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage device to the burner device 106.

[0051] For example, the hydrogen storage device 102 is used to store hydrogen, which can buffer chemical energy and mitigate the time and space mismatch between generation, production and consumption, and smooth out the fluctuations of new energy sources and changes in boiler load. The delivery pipeline 104 is used to safely, stably and on demand deliver the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage device 102 to the burner device 106 for combustion.

[0052] The burner device 106 includes a main combustion zone hydrogen burner 1061 and a burnout zone hydrogen burner 1063. The main combustion zone hydrogen burner 1061 is arranged at the center of the secondary air nozzle between the two pulverized coal burners in the main combustion zone to assist in the stable combustion of pulverized coal. The burnout zone hydrogen burner 1063 is arranged in the burnout air area of ​​the burner device to generate a reducing atmosphere in the upper part of the boiler furnace of the burner device 106 to reduce the nitrogen oxides generated in the main combustion zone.

[0053] For example, a detailed structural diagram of the burner device 106 can be referred to Figure 2 As shown, the main combustion zone, located in the lower and middle parts of the attached diagram, primarily serves for coal-hydrogen co-combustion and stable combustion. Pulverized coal enters the furnace through conventional burner nozzles (such as A, B, C, D, E, etc.) for primary combustion. The hydrogen burners in the main combustion zone are located at the center of the secondary air nozzles between the pulverized coal burners (positions AB, BC, DE in the diagram). Hydrogen is injected and burns rapidly. Due to its high calorific value and easy ignition, hydrogen forms a high-temperature heat source around the pulverized coal flow. During low-load boiler operation, the furnace temperature is typically low, and the pulverized coal is prone to flameout. At this time, the hydrogen burners in the main combustion zone play a crucial role, utilizing the high temperature and high reactivity of the hydrogen flame to assist in stable pulverized coal combustion, preventing flameout and thus expanding the boiler's low-load operating range. The upper part of the burner equipment is the burnout zone, primarily for pure hydrogen reduction and denitrification, corresponding to the uppermost "burnout zone" (SOFA area, including SOFA1~SOFA4) in the diagram. The high-temperature flue gas and unburned fuel particles generated in the main combustion zone flow upwards into the burnout zone. The pure hydrogen burner is positioned at the center of the SOFA (Sort-Off Air) outlet. Pure hydrogen is injected into this area, where its combustion consumes a large amount of oxygen, creating a localized reducing atmosphere in the upper part of the furnace. When nitrogen oxides (NOx) produced in the main combustion zone rise with the flue gas into this reducing atmosphere, they are reduced to harmless nitrogen (N2) by the hydrogen and its combustion intermediates. This is similar to the denitrification principle of "staged fuel combustion" or "staged air combustion," but using hydrogen can more effectively create a reducing environment, thus significantly reducing the final NOx emissions.

[0054] Regarding the basic principle and operation method of the coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system of this application, specifically, during the deep peak shaving period of the coal-fired power unit, when stable combustion is required, hydrogen combustion by hydrogen burners arranged in the main combustion zone can assist in stable combustion at low loads, further reducing the boiler's stable combustion capacity, because hydrogen is easily combusted; during the period when the unit needs to rapidly increase the load, hydrogen can be simultaneously burned from the hydrogen burners in the main combustion zone and the hydrogen burners in the burnout zone to rapidly increase the boiler's thermal load, thereby achieving the effect of rapidly increasing the unit's power generation load; when the unit needs peak hours, but cannot carry full load due to aging of the unit's combustion system or coal feeding system, hydrogen can be simultaneously burned from the hydrogen burners in the main combustion zone and the hydrogen burners in the burnout zone to improve the coal-fired power unit's constant load capacity.

[0055] The coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system of this application can assist in stable combustion at low loads by adding hydrogen to the coal-hydrogen co-fired burners arranged in the main combustion zone during the deep peak shaving period of the coal-fired power unit when stable combustion is required. This further reduces the boiler's stable combustion capacity because hydrogen is easily combusted. During periods when the unit needs to rapidly increase its load, hydrogen can be simultaneously added from the coal-hydrogen burners in the main combustion zone and the pure hydrogen burners in the burnout zone to rapidly increase the boiler's thermal load, thereby achieving the effect of rapidly increasing the unit's power generation load. When the unit needs to reach its peak load but cannot operate at full load due to aging of the unit's combustion system or coal feeding system, the unit's constant load capacity can be improved by simultaneously adding hydrogen from the coal-hydrogen burners in the main combustion zone and the pure hydrogen burners in the burnout zone.

[0056] The aforementioned coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system stores hydrogen through a hydrogen storage device, and transports the stored hydrogen to the burner device via a pipeline. This allows for the management of the coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion on the burner device. Specifically, the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone is located at the center of the secondary air nozzle between the two pulverized coal burners in the main combustion zone to assist in the stable combustion of pulverized coal. The pure hydrogen burner is located in the burnout air area of ​​the burner device to generate a reducing atmosphere in the upper part of the boiler furnace to reduce the nitrogen oxides generated in the main combustion zone. During different operating phases of coal-fired power units, hydrogen blending combustion of burner equipment can be controlled according to the characteristics of the operating phase. During periods of deep peak shaving, hydrogen blending combustion is carried out through the main combustion zone hydrogen burner to assist stable combustion at low loads. During periods of rapid load increase, hydrogen is simultaneously blended into the main combustion zone hydrogen burner and the burnout zone hydrogen burner to rapidly increase the boiler's thermal load. During peak demand periods of coal-fired power units, hydrogen is simultaneously blended into the main combustion zone hydrogen burner and the burnout zone hydrogen burner to enhance the fixed load capacity of coal-fired power units. This effectively improves the dynamic load adaptability of coal-fired power units and ensures the combustion effect of coal-fired boilers.

[0057] In one exemplary embodiment, the system further includes a new energy power generation device and a hydrogen production device; the new energy power generation device is used to generate electricity based on new energy sources, and the hydrogen production device is used to generate hydrogen through electricity and transport the hydrogen to a hydrogen storage device for storage.

[0058] For example, the new energy power generation equipment is mainly used to generate electricity based on new energy sources. The zero-carbon electricity provided by the new energy power generation equipment is a "green power source" for hydrogen production and can determine the carbon emission reduction attributes of the coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system throughout its entire life cycle. The hydrogen production equipment is used to generate hydrogen from electricity and is responsible for converting the electricity generated by the new energy power generation equipment into chemical energy (H2). In the coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system, an additional hydrogen production system can also be added to produce air using clean energy. The new energy power generation equipment can generate electricity, which is then sent to the hydrogen production equipment to produce hydrogen and then sent to the hydrogen storage equipment for storage. In this embodiment, the hydrogen required by the coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system is produced by a hydrogen production equipment composed of a new energy power generation equipment and a hydrogen production equipment, which can effectively improve the environmental friendliness of the coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system and ensure the system's energy supply efficiency.

[0059] In one exemplary embodiment, the new energy power generation equipment includes photovoltaic power generation equipment and wind power generation equipment, and the hydrogen production equipment includes alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment and proton exchange membrane hydrogen production equipment.

[0060] For example, photovoltaic power generation equipment refers to a complete set of devices that directly converts solar energy into electrical energy using the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor materials. Specifically, it includes photovoltaic modules, inverters, support systems, electrical equipment, and monitoring and control systems. Sunlight shines on the PN junctions of semiconductors (mostly silicon) on the photovoltaic modules, and photon energy excites electron-hole pairs, forming a directional current under the influence of a built-in electric field, outputting direct current (DC). After inversion, this DC power is connected to the grid or supplied locally. Wind power generation equipment refers to a complete set of equipment that uses the kinetic energy of airflow to drive the rotation of a wind turbine, converting wind energy into electrical energy through mechanical transmission and electromagnetic induction. It includes structures such as a wind turbine, nacelle, and tower. It mainly uses the lift difference generated by wind blowing the blades to drive the wind turbine to rotate. Then, the main shaft drives the generator rotor to cut magnetic field lines to generate alternating current (AC). Finally, after voltage stabilization and frequency conversion by an inverter, the AC power is boosted and connected to the grid. The core function of new energy power generation equipment is to provide zero-carbon electricity for hydrogen production through water electrolysis. Therefore, appropriate new energy power generation equipment can be selected based on needs. If the plant area has good sunlight resources and the load is mainly during the day, photovoltaic power generation equipment can be selected. If the plant area has stable wind resources and requires continuous hydrogen supply, wind power generation equipment can be selected. Alternatively, photovoltaic and wind power generation equipment can be combined to ensure stable power supply. Alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment uses an alkaline aqueous solution (usually 20%~30% KOH or NaOH) as the electrolyte and utilizes direct current to decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen. It includes an electrolyzer, rectifier power supply, gas-liquid separation system, purification and drying system, and control system. Proton exchange membrane hydrogen production equipment uses a solid polymer proton exchange membrane as the electrolyte and decomposes pure water into high-purity hydrogen and oxygen under the action of direct current. It includes a PEM electrolyzer, pure water supply system, gas-liquid separation and purification system, high-frequency rectifier power supply, and control system. For specific hydrogen production processes, alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment and proton exchange membrane hydrogen production equipment can be selected according to actual needs. Alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment is large in size and weight, requires corrosion and alkaline leakage prevention, and is usually built in a separate plant. It is suitable for scenarios with relatively stable wind and solar resources, limited budgets, high annual operating hours, and low sensitivity to land use. On the other hand, proton exchange membrane hydrogen production equipment is modular, skid-mounted, compact, and produces no corrosive liquids. It is easily integrated into the auxiliary equipment area of ​​a power plant and is suitable for scenarios with large fluctuations in wind and solar power, requiring rapid peak response, limited power plant space, high-purity hydrogen direct supply, and high levels of intelligent control. In this embodiment, hydrogen production and energy supply are achieved through photovoltaic power generation equipment and wind power generation equipment, which can effectively reduce the carbon emissions of the coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system and improve environmental friendliness. Selecting alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment and proton exchange membrane hydrogen production equipment according to specific application scenarios effectively ensures the stability of the hydrogen source in the coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system and guarantees the system combustion effect.

[0061] In one exemplary embodiment, it is also used to determine the power generation and curtailment of the new energy power generation equipment, and to adjust the operating status and power of the hydrogen production equipment according to the power generation and curtailment.

[0062] For example, in new energy power systems, power generation and curtailment are two core indicators for measuring equipment operating status, grid absorption capacity, and project economics. Power generation specifically refers to the actual output or output capacity of new energy power generation equipment at a certain moment, while curtailment refers to the power that is actively restricted or abandoned by the grid due to insufficient grid absorption capacity, system security constraints, or market mechanisms, provided that the equipment is in normal technical condition and resources are sufficient. In the coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system of this application, either power generation or curtailment can be used to produce hydrogen. In the case of hydrogen production using curtailment, the engineering essence of curtailment is not energy waste, but rather "dispatchable flexible off-grid power." Its core control objective is to dynamically allocate fluctuating new energy power to hydrogen production equipment and energy storage systems while meeting grid dispatch constraints, thereby minimizing wind and solar curtailment, optimizing hydrogen production efficiency, and controlling equipment lifespan. The hydrogen production system can flexibly adjust the operating status and power of the hydrogen production equipment based on the power output of new energy generation or the power curtailment, thereby adjusting the hydrogen production. Specifically, the operating status of the hydrogen production system can be adjusted according to different input power, allowing the hydrogen production equipment to be adjusted between shutdown, low-load operation, and high-efficiency operation. In this embodiment, the power output and power curtailment of the new energy power generation equipment can be determined in real time, and then the operating status and power of the hydrogen production equipment can be adjusted according to the power output and power curtailment, thereby effectively ensuring the stability of hydrogen supply to the coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system and ensuring the combustion effect of the coal-fired boiler.

[0063] In one exemplary embodiment, the new energy power generation equipment further includes an electrochemical energy storage device.

[0064] For example, an electrochemical energy storage device is a complete energy storage system that uses rechargeable batteries as a carrier and achieves bidirectional conversion of electrical and chemical energy through reversible electrochemical reactions. It is not a single device, but a highly integrated system of "battery + power electronics + control system + safety facilities." In a coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system, the electrochemical energy storage device, acting as a bidirectional charge-discharge "electrical energy buffer + power regulator," is located between the new energy power generation end and the hydrogen production equipment end, achieving power decoupling and power quality management. For hydrogen production equipment, the electrochemical energy storage device can effectively avoid low-load, inefficient operation and reduce frequent start-ups and rapid ramp-ups. For new energy power generation equipment, the electrochemical energy storage device can smooth out second-to-minute fluctuations in wind and solar power, absorb curtailed wind and solar power, and reduce grid curtailment requirements. For burner equipment, the electrochemical energy storage device can ensure continuous hydrogen supply, stabilize the hydrogen blending ratio, and prevent the boiler from being forced to reduce load or switch back to pure coal due to hydrogen source interruption. In this embodiment, an electrochemical energy storage device is used to store the electrical energy generated by the new energy power generation equipment, ensuring that the energy storage configuration is closely matched with the hydrogen production characteristics, boiler load, and power grid rules, effectively guaranteeing the combustion effect of the coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler.

[0065] In one exemplary embodiment, the hydrogen storage device buffers or stores hydrogen through a hydrogen storage tank and delivers hydrogen to the burner equipment according to the combustion needs of the coal-fired power unit at different times.

[0066] For example, the hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen storage device needs to simultaneously perform the dual functions of buffering and caching / Storing. Buffering refers to the process of dynamically smoothing out instantaneous fluctuations and maintaining stable pipeline pressure / flow, while caching refers to the process of statically accumulating hydrogen to resolve the mismatch between power generation and consumption time. The hydrogen storage tank also needs to deliver hydrogen to the burner equipment according to the combustion needs of the coal-fired power unit at different times. That is, according to the needs of different periods such as the deep peak shaving period, the rapid load increase period, and the peak demand period of the coal-fired power unit, the corresponding amount of hydrogen is configured and delivered to the burner equipment through the delivery pipeline, thereby ensuring the stable hydrogen supply of the coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system and ensuring the stability of the coal-fired power boiler supply of the coal-fired power unit.

[0067] This application also provides an application scenario in which the aforementioned coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system is used. Specifically, the application of this coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system is as follows:

[0068] The core shortcomings of existing technologies for coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion systems and operating methods are concentrated in five aspects: combustion stability, equipment safety, environmental control, system adaptability, and economy. These problems are more prominent when the hydrogen blending ratio is high.

[0069] First, regarding combustion stability and control defects, the combustion characteristics are mismatched, making it prone to flameout / deflagration. Hydrogen flame propagation speed is extremely fast (approximately 2.8 m / s, compared to only 0.1–0.2 m / s for pulverized coal) and its combustible limit is wide (4%–74.2%), easily leading to backfire, detonation, and flame flickering, which is more pronounced at low loads. Hydrogen has a strong "oxygen-stealing" ability, rapidly consuming local oxygen, resulting in delayed ignition of pulverized coal, reduced burnout rate, and "air rushing." After hydrogen is added, the flow field inside the furnace becomes turbulent, making it difficult for tangential boilers to maintain a stable tangential shape, creating dead zones in the airflow and reducing combustion efficiency. Regarding poor dynamic load adaptation, existing control systems struggle to accurately adjust the hydrogen blending ratio in real time according to the load: low loads easily lead to instability / flameout, while high loads easily cause overheating and NO emissions. x The pressure spiked. The lack of real-time monitoring and closed-loop control prevented the rapid matching of combustion conditions within the furnace, making it difficult to maintain optimal operating status.

[0070] Secondly, regarding equipment safety and material risks, the primary concern is localized overheating and equipment damage. Hydrogen flames have high temperatures (>2000℃) and weak radiation, easily causing burner burnout, nozzle overheating, and localized overheating of water-cooled walls / superheaters, leading to the risk of tube rupture. Under high hydrogen blending ratios, uneven heat flow distribution within the furnace causes thermal fatigue and shortens the lifespan of heated surfaces. Secondly, there are hydrogen embrittlement and sealing hazards. Hydrogen easily permeates metal materials, causing hydrogen embrittlement, leading to reduced strength of pipes, valves, and burners, and increased leakage risks. Existing coal-fired power plant system seals, valves, and instruments are largely unsuitable for hydrogen operation, significantly increasing leakage and explosion-proof requirements.

[0071] Third, regarding the challenges of environmental emission control, the main issue is NO. x Emissions increased significantly, mainly due to the large-scale generation of thermal NO in localized high-temperature zones (>1800℃). x Existing low-NOx combustion methods are difficult to adapt to SCR, easily leading to excessive emissions. Hydrogen doping alters the furnace temperature field and reducing atmosphere, reducing SNCR / SCR efficiency and increasing the risk of ammonia escape. Furthermore, fluctuations in other pollutants and unstable combustion result in increased CO and unburned carbon levels, leading to higher carbon content in fly ash and impacting dust removal and comprehensive ash utilization.

[0072] Fourth, regarding system adaptation and modification bottlenecks, one issue is the incompatibility between the burner and the flue gas system. Traditional pulverized coal burners cannot adapt to the high flow rate and rapid combustion characteristics of hydrogen, requiring dedicated hydrogen burners / staged combustion structures, resulting in significant modifications. After hydrogen blending, the primary / secondary air ratio, velocity, and temperature need to be rematched, and the existing flue gas system's adjustment capacity is insufficient. Furthermore, there is the problem of missing hydrogen production / storage / transmission systems. Many power plants lack hydrogen production / storage / transmission systems, requiring the addition of water electrolysis for hydrogen production, high-pressure hydrogen storage, and dedicated pipelines, resulting in large investments and land occupation. Hydrogen has a low density and is prone to leakage, leading to poor mixing and transportation uniformity, necessitating dedicated hydrogen mixing devices and monitoring systems.

[0073] Fourth, regarding the shortcomings in economics and operational efficiency, existing coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion systems are costly and economically inefficient. Green hydrogen production is also costly, and the fuel cost increases significantly after hydrogen blending, far exceeding that of coal. Furthermore, initial investments in equipment upgrades, hydrogen storage and transportation, and safety monitoring are substantial, with long payback periods. From an efficiency loss perspective, hydrogen has a low calorific value (approximately 120 MJ / m³, only 1 / 3 that of pulverized coal), resulting in a larger volumetric flow rate for the same energy, leading to increased power consumption for fans / pulverizers. Flue gas heat loss increases due to the generation of steam from hydrogen combustion, reducing boiler net efficiency by 1%–3%.

[0074] Therefore, this application proposes a coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system and operation method, aiming to reduce coal consumption and carbon emissions in coal-fired power units, while simultaneously improving boiler flexibility through hydrogen blending, including deep peak shaving and stable combustion under low load, rapid load change and low load capacity, as well as controlling nitrogen oxide emissions from coal-fired power units.

[0075] For the scheme in this application, the structural diagram of the coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system excluding the hydrogen production system can be referred to... Figure 3 The diagram shown below illustrates the combustion system structure of a coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler, which includes a hydrogen production system. Figure 4 As shown, the only difference between the two is the source of hydrogen production; their other working principles are similar. Therefore, regarding... Figure 4 The system is explained below. The wind and solar power equipment in the new energy power generation section generates clean electricity. When wind and solar power generation is excessive or the grid cannot absorb it (i.e., "waste power"), the system does not directly waste this electricity; instead, it uses it for water electrolysis to produce hydrogen. The produced hydrogen is transported to a hydrogen storage tank for storage, serving as backup or regulating fuel for the boiler. Simultaneously, the system also retains pathways for direct grid connection (transmission to the grid) and conventional energy storage (such as battery storage). The stored hydrogen is transported through pipelines to the boiler room and enters the burner equipment. A portion of the hydrogen is sent to the main combustion zone at the bottom of the boiler (corresponding to...). Figure 2 (A~E zones in the diagram). Here, hydrogen is mixed with pulverized coal for combustion. Utilizing the rapid ignition and high flame temperature of hydrogen, it assists in the combustion of pulverized coal. Especially during periods of deep peak shaving (low load), the hydrogen burner plays a crucial role in stabilizing combustion and preventing boiler flameout. Another portion of hydrogen (labeled "blended" and "entering the burnout zone" in the diagram) is sent to the burnout zone at the top of the boiler (corresponding to...) Figure 2(SOFA area in the furnace). Here, the pure hydrogen burner creates a reducing atmosphere in the upper part of the furnace, reducing nitrogen oxides (NOx) produced in the main combustion zone to nitrogen gas, thereby reducing pollutant emissions. On the right side of the system is the thermodynamic cycle and power generation stage. Feedwater is pressurized by the feedwater pump, preheated by the high-pressure heater, and then enters the boiler. Inside the boiler, it absorbs the heat released from the combustion of coal and hydrogen, becoming high-temperature, high-pressure main steam. This main steam first enters the high-pressure cylinder to do work, and then returns to the boiler for reheating, becoming reheated steam. The reheated steam then enters the intermediate-pressure cylinder and low-pressure cylinder to continue expanding and doing work. The turbine (high, intermediate, and low-pressure cylinders) drives the generator to rotate, generating electricity. The exhaust steam from the high-pressure cylinder enters the air-cooled island (condenser) to condense into water, which, after being processed by the low-pressure heater and deaerator, returns to the feedwater pump, completing the thermodynamic cycle.

[0076] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, this application also provides an operation method for a coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system applied to the above-mentioned coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system, the method comprising:

[0077] Step 502: Obtain the operating status information of the coal-fired power unit.

[0078] Step 504: Determine the operating stage of the coal-fired power unit based on the operating status information.

[0079] Step 506: When the operation phase is a deep peak shaving period, generate a first control command and control the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone to perform hydrogen-blended combustion to assist in stable combustion at low load.

[0080] Step 508: During the period of rapid load increase in operation, a second control command is generated, and based on the second control command, the hydrogen burners in the main combustion zone and the hydrogen burners in the burnout zone are controlled to simultaneously co-burn hydrogen to rapidly increase the boiler heat load.

[0081] Step 510: When the operation phase requires peak periods, a third control command is generated, and based on the third control command, the hydrogen burners in the main combustion zone and the hydrogen burners in the burnout zone are controlled to simultaneously co-fire hydrogen to improve the constant load capacity of the coal-fired power unit.

[0082] For example, the amount of hydrogen required by a coal-fired power unit varies at different operating stages. Therefore, for the combustion operation of a coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler, it is necessary to determine the specific operating stage based on the operating status information of the coal-fired power unit, and then generate corresponding control commands for different operating stages. In practical applications, the operating status information of the coal-fired power unit can be obtained, and combined with grid dispatch commands and electricity market signals, etc., to determine the operating stage of the coal-fired power unit.

[0083] During periods of deep peak shaving at low loads, the core objectives are to prevent flameout, reduce auxiliary fuel oil consumption, and suppress the minimum stable combustion load. Therefore, only the pulverized coal-hydrogen mixed burner in the main combustion zone is mixed with hydrogen to assist stable combustion at low loads. The control focus is on flame stability monitoring, minimum hydrogen flow maintenance, and fine-tuning of the air-coal ratio. Thus, a first control command can be generated, and based on the first control command, the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone is controlled to mix hydrogen for combustion to assist stable combustion at low loads.

[0084] During periods of rapid load increase, the core objective is to shorten the load ramp-up time and quickly respond to grid AGC commands. Therefore, it is necessary to simultaneously blend hydrogen in the main combustion zone and the burnout zone. Consequently, a second control command needs to be generated, and based on this command, the hydrogen burners in the main combustion zone and the burnout zone are controlled to simultaneously blend hydrogen to rapidly increase the boiler's thermal load.

[0085] During peak demand periods with high loads, the core objective is to overcome bottlenecks in the coal system and achieve full rated output. This requires simultaneous hydrogen blending in both the main combustion zone and the burnout zone, necessitating balanced furnace temperature control, prevention of slagging / overheating, and coordinated NOx control. Therefore, a third control command needs to be generated, and based on this command, the hydrogen burners in both the main combustion zone and the burnout zone should be controlled to simultaneously blend hydrogen, thereby enhancing the rated load capacity of the coal-fired power unit.

[0086] The aforementioned operation method for a coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system involves acquiring the operating status information of the coal-fired power unit; determining the operating stage of the coal-fired power unit based on the operating status information; generating a first control command during a deep peak-shaving period, and controlling the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone to blend hydrogen for stable combustion under low load; generating a second control command during a period of rapid load increase, and controlling both the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone and the hydrogen burner in the burnout zone to simultaneously blend hydrogen to rapidly increase the boiler's thermal load; and generating a third control command during a period requiring peak load, and controlling both the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone and the hydrogen burner in the burnout zone to simultaneously blend hydrogen to enhance the constant load capacity of the coal-fired power unit. This effectively improves the dynamic load adaptability of the coal-fired power unit and ensures the combustion effect of the coal-fired boiler.

[0087] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages in other steps. It is understood that the steps in different embodiments can be freely combined as needed, and all non-contradictory solutions formed by such combinations are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0088] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, input / output (I / O) interfaces, and a communication interface. The processor, memory, and I / O interfaces are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface is also connected to the system bus via the I / O interfaces. The processor provides computational and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides the environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The database stores data related to the combustion of a coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler. The I / O interfaces are used for exchanging information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for communication with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a method for operating a coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system.

[0089] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 6 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0090] In one embodiment, a computer device is also provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0091] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0092] In one embodiment, a computer program product or computer program is provided, the computer program product or computer program including computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and executes the computer instructions, causing the computer device to perform the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0093] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, artificial intelligence (AI) processors, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0094] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0095] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system, characterized in that, The system includes hydrogen storage equipment, delivery pipelines, and burner equipment; The hydrogen storage device is used to store hydrogen, and the delivery pipeline is used to deliver the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage device to the burner device. The burner equipment includes a main combustion zone hydrogen burner and a burnout zone hydrogen burner. The main combustion zone hydrogen burner is arranged at the center of the secondary air nozzle between the two pulverized coal burners in the main combustion zone to assist in the stable combustion of pulverized coal. The pure hydrogen burner is arranged in the burnout air area of ​​the burner equipment to generate a reducing atmosphere in the upper part of the boiler furnace of the burner equipment to reduce the nitrogen oxides generated in the main combustion zone. The coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system is used to assist in stable combustion at low loads by using hydrogen in the main combustion zone hydrogen burner during the deep peak shaving period of the coal-fired power unit. During the period of rapid load increase of the coal-fired power unit, hydrogen is simultaneously burned by the main combustion zone hydrogen burner and the burnout zone hydrogen burner to rapidly increase the boiler's thermal load. During the peak demand period of the coal-fired power unit, hydrogen is simultaneously burned by the main combustion zone hydrogen burner and the burnout zone hydrogen burner to enhance the constant load capacity of the coal-fired power unit.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes new energy power generation equipment and hydrogen production equipment; The new energy power generation equipment is used to generate electricity based on new energy sources, and the hydrogen production equipment is used to generate hydrogen from the electricity and transport the hydrogen to the hydrogen storage equipment for storage.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The new energy power generation equipment includes photovoltaic power generation equipment and wind power generation equipment, and the hydrogen production equipment includes alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment and proton exchange membrane hydrogen production equipment.

4. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, It is also used to determine the power generation and curtailment of the new energy power generation equipment, and to adjust the operating status and power of the hydrogen production equipment according to the power generation and curtailment.

5. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The new energy power generation equipment also includes electrochemical energy storage devices.

6. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The hydrogen storage device buffers or stores hydrogen through a hydrogen storage tank and delivers hydrogen to the burner equipment according to the combustion needs of the coal-fired power unit at different times.

7. A method for operating a coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system, applied to the coal-hydrogen co-fired boiler combustion system as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain operating status information of coal-fired power units; The operating stage of the coal-fired power unit is determined based on the operating status information; When the operation phase is a deep peak shaving period, a first control command is generated, and based on the first control command, the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone is controlled to perform hydrogen-blended combustion to assist in stable combustion under low load. When the operation phase is a period of rapid load increase, a second control command is generated, and based on the second control command, the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone and the hydrogen burner in the burnout zone are controlled to simultaneously combust hydrogen to rapidly increase the boiler heat load. When the operation phase is a peak period, a third control command is generated, and based on the third control command, the hydrogen burner in the main combustion zone and the hydrogen burner in the burnout zone are controlled to simultaneously co-fire hydrogen to improve the fixed load capacity of the coal-fired power unit.

8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method of claim 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the method of claim 7.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the method of claim 7.

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