A method and system for optimizing and recycling indoor air quality by heating and ventilation coupling

Abstract

The application discloses a heating and ventilation coupled indoor air quality optimization and cyclic regeneration method and system, and belongs to the technical field of indoor air conditioning and heating and ventilation energy saving. The method is coupled with a decision based on an indoor air quality comprehensive evaluation model and a heating and ventilation-purification coupled energy consumption model by collecting indoor and outdoor air and heating and ventilation operation parameters, implements multi-stage purification and temperature and humidity collaborative regulation on air, and completes purification medium catalytic decomposition regeneration and heating and ventilation waste heat recovery regeneration, and realizes parameter dynamic correction and closed loop control in cooperation with a feedback unit. The system comprises a detection unit, a coupling control unit, a purification unit, a heating and ventilation coupling unit, a cyclic regeneration unit and a feedback unit. The application can effectively improve indoor air quality, reduce system energy consumption, realize double cyclic utilization of purification medium and energy, avoid secondary pollution, is stable and reliable in operation, and is suitable for indoor air conditioning scenes of various civil and commercial buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of indoor air conditioning and HVAC energy-saving technology, specifically to a method and system for HVAC coupled indoor air quality optimization and circulation regeneration. Background Technology

[0002] With the improvement of people's living standards and the enhancement of health awareness, indoor air quality has become one of the core factors affecting human health and living comfort. As a major component of building energy consumption, the synergy between the operating efficiency and air purification effect of HVAC systems is crucial. Currently, existing technologies suffer from two core technical defects, making it difficult to meet the demands for high efficiency, energy saving, and environmental protection.

[0003] Firstly, the air purification system and the HVAC system operate independently, lacking an effective coupling control mechanism. The operating parameters of the two cannot be adjusted in tandem, which not only leads to the waste heat generated by the HVAC system not being effectively recovered, resulting in energy waste, but also causes the purification system to operate blindly and interfere with the HVAC adjustment, affecting the air quality optimization effect and increasing the total energy consumption.

[0004] Secondly, the purification media (such as activated carbon) in existing air purification systems are easily saturated and lack an effective regeneration mechanism, requiring frequent replacement. This not only increases the cost of use but also easily causes secondary indoor air pollution due to the desorption of pollutants after adsorption saturation, making it impossible to achieve the recycling of purification media.

[0005] Therefore, developing a technical solution that can achieve deep coupling between HVAC systems and air purification systems, and has both purification medium circulation and regeneration functions and HVAC waste heat recovery functions, while also being energy-efficient and highly practical, has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) coupled indoor air quality optimization and circulation regeneration method and system. By constructing a coupled control strategy and multiple mathematical models, it achieves coordinated air quality optimization, purification medium regeneration, and energy recovery, thereby reducing system energy consumption and operating costs, and improving the practicality and economy of the technology.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, in a first aspect, this invention proposes a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) coupled indoor air quality optimization and regeneration method, the specific technical solution of which is as follows:

[0008] A heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) coupled indoor air quality optimization and regeneration method includes the following steps:

[0009] Real-time collection of indoor and outdoor air quality parameters, HVAC system operating parameters, and environmental condition parameters to construct a real-time parameter monitoring dataset;

[0010] Based on the monitoring dataset, the indoor air quality comprehensive evaluation model and the HVAC-purification coupled energy consumption model are invoked through a coupled control strategy to output purification treatment parameters, HVAC adjustment parameters and circulation regeneration parameters.

[0011] Based on the purification parameters and HVAC control parameters, the indoor air is subjected to multi-stage purification and coordinated temperature and humidity control.

[0012] Based on the aforementioned recycling parameters, the pollutants adsorbed during the purification process are catalytically decomposed and regenerated, and the waste heat generated during the operation of the HVAC system is recovered and regenerated.

[0013] Real-time comparison of actual indoor air quality values ​​with standard values, and actual energy consumption of HVAC systems with theoretical target energy consumption, dynamically adjusts the coupled control strategy and various operating parameters.

[0014] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the indoor air quality parameters include PM2.5 concentration, VOC concentration, CO2 concentration, temperature and humidity, and total bacterial count; the HVAC system operating parameters include supply and return water temperature difference, air volume, heat pump COP value, and boiler operating power; and the environmental operating parameters include outdoor temperature and humidity, outdoor pollutant concentration, and atmospheric pressure.

[0015] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the calculation formula of the comprehensive evaluation model for indoor air quality is as follows:

[0016] ;

[0017] in, This is the comprehensive evaluation index for indoor air quality, where n represents the types of air quality parameters included in the evaluation, and ω represents the index. i Let Σω be the weight coefficient of the i-th type of parameter, and Σω i =1, The sub-index of the i-th type of parameter; the weight coefficient ωi is determined by the analytic hierarchy process combined with the indoor usage scenario, and the sum of the weight coefficients corresponding to PM2.5 and VOC is not less than 0.6.

[0018] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the calculation formula of the HVAC-purification coupled energy consumption model is as follows:

[0019] ;

[0020] in, The total energy consumption of the system. For HVAC system energy consumption, Energy consumption of the purification unit Waste heat energy consumed by the recycling unit; Q represents the indoor heat load / cooling load, and COP represents the coefficient of performance of the heat pump. For HVAC system transmission efficiency; , This refers to the amount of waste heat released during heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. Energy recovery efficiency.

[0021] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this invention, the multi-stage purification process includes three stages: primary filtration, porous media adsorption, and catalytic decomposition. The primary filtration stage removes particulate matter with a particle size ≥10μm; the porous media adsorption stage uses a yttrium oxide-carbon nanotube composite medium to adsorb PM2.5 and VOCs; and the catalytic decomposition stage uses a platinum-carbon quantum dot catalyst to decompose the adsorbed VOCs into CO2 and H2O. In the recycling step, the purification media regeneration efficiency... The calculation formula is:

[0022] ;

[0023] Where C0 is the saturated concentration of pollutants in the purification medium before regeneration, and C1 is the residual concentration of pollutants in the purification medium after regeneration. ≥90%.

[0024] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this invention, the coupled control strategy adopts a PID fuzzy control algorithm, with the indoor air quality comprehensive evaluation index IAQI ≤ 50 and the total system energy consumption... The dual control objective is to keep the temperature at a reasonable low level, and to dynamically adjust the supply and return water temperature difference, air volume, and operating power and regeneration cycle of the purification unit in the HVAC system.

[0025] Secondly, the present invention provides a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning coupled indoor air quality optimization and circulation regeneration system, comprising:

[0026] The detection unit is used to collect indoor and outdoor air quality parameters, HVAC system operating parameters and environmental condition parameters in real time, and to build a real-time parameter monitoring dataset.

[0027] The coupling control unit is used to call the indoor air quality comprehensive evaluation model and the HVAC-purification coupled energy consumption model based on the monitoring dataset, and output purification treatment parameters, HVAC adjustment parameters and circulation regeneration parameters through the coupling control strategy.

[0028] The purification unit is used to perform multi-stage purification and coordinated temperature and humidity regulation of indoor air according to the purification parameters and HVAC adjustment parameters.

[0029] The recycling unit is used to catalytically decompose and regenerate pollutants adsorbed during the purification process based on the recycling parameters, and to recover and regenerate the waste heat generated during the operation of the HVAC system.

[0030] The feedback unit is used to compare the actual indoor air quality value with the standard value and the actual energy consumption of the HVAC system with the theoretical target energy consumption in real time, and to dynamically correct the coupled control strategy and various operating parameters.

[0031] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the recycling unit includes an energy recovery module and a medium regeneration module; the energy recovery module is used to recover the waste heat in the supply and return water pipelines of the HVAC system to provide heat energy for the regeneration of the purification medium; the medium regeneration module is used to catalytically decompose and regenerate the saturated purification medium, and the regenerated purification medium is recycled for use.

[0032] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the steps of the HVAC-coupled indoor air quality optimization and regeneration method as described above.

[0033] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the HVAC-coupled indoor air quality optimization and regeneration method described above are implemented.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] This invention achieves deep coupling and collaborative operation between the HVAC system and the air purification system. It incorporates a multi-stage purification, catalytic decomposition, and dual energy and medium recycling structure, along with real-time data comparison and dynamic parameter correction by the feedback unit. This effectively solves the problems of high energy consumption, easy saturation and failure of purification media, and easy generation of secondary pollution in traditional independent systems while ensuring stable indoor air quality. It significantly improves energy utilization and system operation stability, reduces usage and maintenance costs, and has comprehensive technical advantages of high-efficiency purification, energy saving and consumption reduction, and sustainable recycling. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the steps of the HVAC-coupled indoor air quality optimization and circulation regeneration method of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the HVAC coupled indoor air quality optimization and circulation regeneration system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0040] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention proposes a HVAC-coupled indoor air quality optimization and circulation regeneration method. This method aims to achieve both indoor air quality standards and minimize system energy consumption. Through five steps—parameter acquisition, coupled decision-making, air optimization, circulation regeneration, and feedback adjustment—it realizes deep coupling operation of the HVAC system and the air purification system. The specific steps are as follows:

[0042] (1) Parameter acquisition: Indoor and outdoor air quality parameters, HVAC system operating parameters and environmental conditions are collected in real time through distributed detection devices to build a real-time parameter monitoring dataset. The indoor air quality parameters include PM2.5 concentration (measurement range 0-1000μg / m³), VOC concentration (measurement range 0-10mg / m³), CO2 concentration (measurement range 0-5000ppm), temperature and humidity (temperature 0-50℃, humidity 20%-90%RH), and total bacterial count (measurement range 0-1000cfu / m³). The HVAC system operating parameters include supply and return water temperature difference (5-20℃), air volume (100-1000m³ / h), heat pump COP value (2.0-4.5), and boiler operating power (10-100kW). The outdoor environmental parameters include outdoor temperature and humidity, outdoor pollutant concentration, and atmospheric pressure (80-120kPa). The sampling frequency of the detection unit is 1-5min / time, and the measurement accuracy is ≤±1%, ensuring the accuracy and real-time nature of the monitoring data.

[0043] (2) Coupled decision: The coupled control unit receives the monitoring dataset transmitted by the detection unit, constructs a coupled control strategy based on the PID fuzzy control algorithm, calls the indoor air quality comprehensive evaluation model and the HVAC-purification coupled energy consumption model, completes parameter calculation and decision, and outputs purification treatment parameters (purification power, filtration speed), HVAC adjustment parameters (supply and return water temperature difference, air volume, heat source switching signal) and cycle regeneration parameters (regeneration temperature, regeneration cycle, waste heat recovery).

[0044] The comprehensive indoor air quality evaluation model is used to quantify indoor air quality levels, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0045] ;

[0046] in, Σωi is the comprehensive evaluation index for indoor air quality, where n represents the types of air quality parameters involved in the evaluation (in this example, n=5, namely PM2.5, VOC, CO2, temperature, and humidity), ωi is the weighting coefficient of the i-th type of parameter, and Σωi=1. This is the sub-index of the i-th type of parameter. Its calculation method refers to the "Technical Specifications for Ambient Air Quality Index (AQI) (HJ 633-2012)" and is calculated based on the measured concentration of the parameter and the grade limit.

[0047] The weighting coefficients ωi are determined using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) combined with the indoor usage scenario. For example, in a residential scenario, the weights for PM2.5 are ω1=0.35, VOCs ω2=0.25, CO2 ω3=0.20, temperature ω4=0.10, and humidity ω5=0.10. In a hospital scenario, the weighting coefficient for total bacterial count can be appropriately increased to ensure the relevance of the evaluation model. When IAQI ≤ 50, the indoor air quality is judged as "good"; when IAQI > 50, the air optimization process is initiated. The sum of the weighting coefficients for PM2.5 and VOCs is not less than 0.6.

[0048] The HVAC-purification coupled energy consumption model is used to calculate the total energy consumption of the system and achieve energy consumption minimization control. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0049] ;

[0050] in, Total system energy consumption (unit: kWh) Energy consumption of HVAC system (unit: kWh) Energy consumption of the purification unit (unit: kWh). Waste heat energy consumption recovered by the recycling unit (unit: kWh);

[0051] Specifically, HVAC system energy consumption The calculation formula is:

[0052] ,

[0053] In the formula, Q is the indoor heat load / cooling load (unit: kW·h), and COP is the coefficient of performance of the heat pump (COP=2.0-4.5 when heating in winter, COP=3.0-5.0 when cooling in summer). The transmission efficiency of the HVAC system (including heat exchange efficiency, duct losses, etc., with a value ranging from 0.8 to 0.95).

[0054] Energy consumption of purification unit The calculation formula is:

[0055] ;

[0056] In the formula, The unit's operating power is kW, and t is the operating time (h).

[0057] Waste heat energy consumption recovered by the recycling unit The calculation formula is:

[0058] ,

[0059] In the formula, Waste heat released in the supply and return water pipes of the HVAC system (unit: kW·h). For energy recovery efficiency (when using plate heat exchangers), =0.8-0.9).

[0060] (3) Air optimization: Based on the purification treatment parameters and HVAC adjustment parameters output by the coupling control unit, the purification unit and the HVAC coupling unit work together to optimize indoor air quality.

[0061] The purification unit adopts a multi-stage purification design, sequentially passing through three stages: pre-filtering, porous media adsorption, and catalytic decomposition.

[0062] ① Pre-filter stage: The pre-filter removes particulate matter (such as dust and hair) with a diameter of ≥10μm from the air. The filter can be disassembled and cleaned regularly to extend its service life.

[0063] ②Porous media adsorption stage: Yttrium oxide-carbon nanotube composite media is used as the adsorption material. This material has the characteristics of large specific surface area (above 1200㎡ / g), high adsorption capacity, and strong moisture resistance. It can efficiently adsorb PM2.5 (adsorption rate ≥60%) and VOC (adsorption rate ≥85%) in the air. Compared with traditional activated carbon filters, the adsorption capacity is increased by more than 100%, and the moisture resistance is increased by 300%. It can maintain an adsorption efficiency of more than 80% in an environment with 90% humidity.

[0064] ③ Catalytic decomposition stage: Platinum-carbon quantum dot catalyst is used to catalytically decompose adsorbed VOCs (such as formaldehyde and toluene) into harmless CO2 and H2O at room temperature, with a decomposition rate of >95%, avoiding secondary pollution after adsorption saturation, and reducing the regeneration frequency of the purification medium.

[0065] The HVAC coupling unit adopts a parallel coupling method between the heat pump unit and the auxiliary gas boiler, and dynamically switches the operating mode based on the indoor heat load and the outdoor ambient temperature.

[0066] ① When the outdoor temperature is higher than 2℃, the heat pump unit will be started first to take advantage of the high efficiency and energy saving of the heat pump and reduce the energy consumption of the HVAC system. At this time, the COP value of the heat pump will be maintained above 3.0.

[0067] ② When the outdoor temperature is below 2℃, the energy efficiency of the heat pump unit decreases. The auxiliary gas boiler is started to work in coordination with the heat pump unit to ensure that the indoor temperature and humidity meet the standards.

[0068] ③ By using a heat exchanger and duct system, the regulated temperature and humidity air is mixed with the purified air and delivered to various indoor areas to achieve synergistic optimization of air quality and comfort.

[0069] (4) Recycling: Based on the recycling parameters output by the coupling control unit, the recycling unit is started to realize the dual recycling of purification medium and energy, reducing the cost of use and energy waste.

[0070] Energy recovery and regeneration: Waste heat in the supply and return water pipes of the HVAC system is recovered through plate heat exchangers. Part of the recovered waste heat is used for the regeneration of the purification medium, providing the necessary heat energy for catalytic decomposition. The other part can be used for auxiliary indoor heating (such as in winter) or preheating of domestic hot water, improving energy efficiency. For example, if the supply and return water temperatures of the HVAC system are 50℃ / 40℃ in winter, the waste heat recovery through the plate heat exchanger can heat the regeneration chamber to 50-80℃, meeting the heat energy requirements for the regeneration of the purification medium and reducing additional electricity consumption.

[0071] Purification Media Regeneration: When the concentration sensor detects that the residual pollutant concentration in the purification media reaches 80% of the saturation concentration, the regeneration process is triggered. The media regeneration module activates the ultraviolet catalytic chamber and hot air circulation component to catalytically decompose and regenerate the saturated yttrium oxide-carbon nanotube composite media. During the regeneration process, ultraviolet light activates the platinum-carbon quantum dot catalyst, completely decomposing the pollutants adsorbed on the media surface into CO2 and H2O. The hot air circulation component accelerates the gas flow on the media surface, promoting the discharge of decomposition products and achieving the regeneration of the purification media.

[0072] Purification media regeneration efficiency The calculation formula is:

[0073] ;

[0074] In the formula, C0 represents the saturated concentration of pollutants in the purification medium before regeneration (unit: mg / g), and C1 represents the residual concentration of pollutants in the purification medium after regeneration (unit: mg / g). In this invention, by optimizing the regeneration temperature and ultraviolet irradiation intensity, the regeneration efficiency can be improved. With a regeneration rate of ≥90%, the purified medium can be recycled and reused, extending its service life to more than 3 years. Compared with traditional activated carbon filters, its service life is increased by more than 200%, significantly reducing the cost of use.

[0075] (5) Feedback Adjustment: The coupled control unit compares the actual indoor air quality value with the standard value (IAQI≤50) and the actual energy consumption of the HVAC system with the theoretical minimum energy consumption in real time. It dynamically corrects the coupled control strategy and various operating parameters (such as purification power, HVAC air volume, and regeneration cycle) using a PID fuzzy control algorithm to form a closed-loop control. The theoretical minimum energy consumption is specifically defined as: based on the HVAC-purification coupled energy consumption model described above. Under the constraints of currently collected indoor and outdoor operating parameters, air quality parameters, and basic HVAC system parameters, and assuming indoor air quality meets the standard (IAQI≤50), the minimum total system energy consumption is calculated using the PID fuzzy control algorithm in the coupled control strategy. This calculation process is synchronized with and dynamically updated in the energy consumption calculation within the coupled decision-making steps. For example, when the indoor IAQI drops below 40, the operating power of the purification unit is appropriately reduced; when the total system energy consumption exceeds the theoretical minimum energy consumption, the supply and return water temperature difference of the HVAC system and the heat pump operating mode are adjusted to ensure the system is always in optimal operating condition.

[0076] like Figure 2 As shown, this invention proposes a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) coupled indoor air quality optimization and regeneration system. The system, used to implement the above method, includes a detection unit, a coupling control unit, a purification unit, an HVAC coupling unit, a regeneration unit, and a feedback unit, etc. The structure and function of each unit are as follows:

[0077] (1) Detection Unit: Includes an indoor detection module and an outdoor detection module, used to collect various parameters in real time and transmit them to the coupling control unit. The indoor detection module adopts a distributed layout. According to the indoor area and layout, PM2.5 sensors, VOC sensors, CO2 sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, and bacteria sensors are respectively deployed in key areas such as the living room, bedroom, and study to ensure that air quality parameters in each area can be effectively monitored. The outdoor detection module is installed at the ventilation point of the building's exterior wall and includes temperature and humidity sensors, pollutant concentration sensors, and atmospheric pressure sensors to collect outdoor environmental operating parameters. The detection unit is connected to the coupling control unit by wireless transmission methods (such as WiFi, LoRa) to avoid cumbersome wiring. It also has a data storage module that can store at least 30 days of monitoring data for easy subsequent analysis and maintenance.

[0078] (2) Coupling Control Unit: As the core control component of the system, it includes a controller, memory, and a computing module. The controller adopts a PLC programmable logic controller, and the computing module has a built-in comprehensive indoor air quality evaluation model, HVAC-purification coupling energy consumption model, and PID fuzzy control algorithm. The coupling control unit receives monitoring data transmitted by the detection unit, completes parameter calculation and decision-making through the computing module, and outputs control signals to the purification unit, HVAC coupling unit, and circulation regeneration unit to realize the coordinated operation of each unit. At the same time, it is equipped with a human-machine interface that can display indoor and outdoor air quality parameters, system operating status, and energy consumption data in real time, and supports manual adjustment of operating parameters to meet different usage needs.

[0079] (3) Purification Unit: Connected to the duct system, including the housing, pre-filter, porous media adsorption layer, catalytic decomposition layer, and fan assembly; the housing adopts a sealed design to prevent air leakage during purification; the pre-filter is installed at the housing inlet and is made of washable non-woven fabric for easy regular maintenance; the porous media adsorption layer is located behind the pre-filter and is filled with yttrium oxide-carbon nanotube composite media for adsorbing PM2.5 and VOCs; the catalytic decomposition layer is located behind the porous media adsorption layer and is coated with platinum-carbon quantum dot catalyst for catalytic decomposition of adsorbed pollutants; the fan assembly is located at the housing outlet to provide airflow power, and the fan power can be dynamically adjusted according to purification needs (0.5-5kW). The purification unit is also equipped with a differential pressure sensor to monitor the pressure difference between the filter and the adsorption layer. When the pressure difference exceeds the set threshold, it reminds the user to clean the filter or start the regeneration process.

[0080] (4) HVAC Coupling Unit: Includes heat pump unit, auxiliary gas boiler, heat exchange device, duct system and flow regulating valve; the heat pump unit adopts air source heat pump, which can realize dual functions of heating in winter and cooling in summer, with a COP value ≥3.0; the auxiliary gas boiler adopts condensing gas boiler, with a thermal efficiency ≥90%, and is used for auxiliary heating under extreme low temperature conditions; the heat exchange device adopts plate heat exchanger, which is used to realize waste heat exchange between the HVAC system and the circulation regeneration unit; the duct system is connected to the purification unit, and the purified air is mixed with the HVAC-regulated air and then sent into the room. The inner wall of the duct system is equipped with a heat insulation layer to reduce heat loss; the flow regulating valve is installed in the supply and return water pipelines and the duct system to adjust the supply and return water temperature difference and air volume in real time to ensure that the indoor temperature and humidity meet the standards. The HVAC coupling unit is also equipped with temperature sensor and pressure sensor to monitor the supply and return water temperature difference and system pressure in real time to avoid system failure.

[0081] (5) Recycling and Regeneration Unit: Includes an energy recovery module and a media regeneration module; the energy recovery module uses a plate heat exchanger, one end of which is connected to the HVAC system supply and return water pipeline, and the other end is connected to the media regeneration module, for recovering HVAC waste heat; the media regeneration module includes an ultraviolet catalytic chamber, a hot air circulation component, and a concentration sensor; the ultraviolet catalytic chamber is used to place the purification media, and an ultraviolet lamp is installed inside to activate the catalyst and achieve pollutant decomposition; the hot air circulation component is used to convert the waste heat recovered by the energy recovery module into hot air, which is introduced into the ultraviolet catalytic chamber to accelerate the regeneration process; the concentration sensor is installed inside the ultraviolet catalytic chamber to monitor the residual concentration of pollutants in the purification media in real time and trigger the regeneration process. The recycling and regeneration unit is also equipped with an exhaust port to discharge CO2 and H2O generated during the regeneration process to avoid gas accumulation.

[0082] (6) Feedback Unit: Electrically connected to the coupling control unit, used to receive actual indoor air quality values, actual energy consumption data of the HVAC system, as well as indoor air quality standard values ​​and theoretical target energy consumption data. It compares the actual values ​​with the corresponding standard values ​​and target values ​​in real time, and dynamically corrects the coupling control strategy and the operating parameters of each unit based on the comparison results, providing support for the closed-loop control of the system. The feedback unit receives the actual indoor air quality parameters and actual energy consumption data of the HVAC system transmitted by the detection unit, and simultaneously acquires the indoor air quality standard value (IAQI≤50) and theoretical target energy consumption preset by the coupling control unit. It completes the data comparison through the built-in comparison calculation module. When the actual value deviates from the standard value and target value, it immediately outputs a correction signal to the coupling control unit. The coupling control unit adjusts the supply and return water temperature difference, air volume, purification unit operating power, regeneration cycle and other parameters of the HVAC system to ensure that the indoor air quality meets the standards and the system energy consumption is maintained within a reasonable range. It works in conjunction with the feedback adjustment steps to achieve closed-loop control.

[0083] This invention also discloses an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of the HVAC-coupled indoor air quality optimization and regeneration method. The memory of this device can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof. Volatile or non-volatile storage devices include, but are not limited to: disks, optical disks, EEPROMs, EPROMs, SRAMs, ROMs, magnetic storage, flash memory, and PROMs. The memory of this device provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer program stored within it. The communication interface of this device is a network interface, which is used for communication with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the HVAC-coupled indoor air quality optimization and regeneration method.

[0084] This invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the aforementioned HVAC-coupled indoor air quality optimization and regeneration steps. This computer-readable storage medium includes, but is not limited to, ROM, RAM, CD-ROM, magnetic disk, and floppy disk.

[0085] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments:

[0086] Example 1

[0087] This embodiment provides a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning coupled indoor air quality optimization and circulation regeneration method, applied to a residential building (120㎡, 3 bedrooms and 2 living rooms). The specific steps are as follows:

[0088] (1) Parameter acquisition: Indoor and outdoor parameters are collected in real time through a distributed detection unit, with a sampling frequency of 2 min / time; Indoor parameters: PM2.5 concentration 35 μg / m³, VOC concentration 0.3 mg / m³, CO2 concentration 800 ppm, temperature 22℃, humidity 50%RH; Outdoor parameters: temperature 5℃, PM2.5 concentration 50 μg / m³, atmospheric pressure 101 kPa; HVAC system operating parameters: supply and return water temperature difference 10℃, air volume 300 m³ / h, heat pump COP value 3.5, transmission efficiency =0.9.

[0089] (2) Coupled decision: Determine the weighting coefficients ω1=0.35, ω2=0.25, ω3=0.20, ω4=0.10, ω5=0.10, and calculate the sub-indices of each parameter: IAQI PM2.5 =35、IAQI VOC =30、 =60, IAQI temperature=50, IAQI humidity=50; Substitute into the comprehensive indoor air quality evaluation model:

[0090]

[0091] IAQI=42.25≤50, indoor air quality is excellent; calculate the total energy consumption of the system, indoor heat load Q=10kW·h, and the operating power of the purification unit. =0.8kW, running time t=1h, HVAC waste heat =2kW·h, energy recovery efficiency =0.85:

[0092]

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] ;

[0096] The coupled control unit outputs the decision to maintain current operating parameters without initiating a high-intensity purification and regeneration process.

[0097] Example 2

[0098] This embodiment provides a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) coupled indoor air quality optimization and circulation regeneration method, applied to an office building (single-floor area 500㎡). The specific steps are as follows:

[0099] (1) Parameter acquisition: Sampling frequency is 1 min / time; Indoor parameters: PM2.5 concentration 80 μg / m³, VOC concentration 1.2 mg / m³, CO2 concentration 1200 ppm, temperature 25℃, humidity 60%RH; Outdoor parameters: temperature -3℃, PM2.5 concentration 100 μg / m³, atmospheric pressure 100 kPa; HVAC system operating parameters: supply and return water temperature difference 15℃, air volume 800 m³ / h, heat pump COP value 2.2, boiler operating power 50 kW, transmission efficiency =0.85.

[0100] (2) Coupled decision: Determine the weighting coefficients ω1=0.35, ω2=0.25, ω3=0.20, ω4=0.10, ω5=0.10, and calculate the sub-indices of each parameter: IAQI PM2.5 =80、IAQI VOC =90、 =80, IAQI temperature=60, IAQI humidity=60; Substitute into the comprehensive indoor air quality evaluation model:

[0101]

[0102] IAQI=78.5>50, initiate air optimization and recirculation process; calculate total system energy consumption, indoor heat load Q=50kW·h, purification unit operating power. =3kW, operating time t=1h, HVAC waste heat =10kW·h, energy recovery efficiency =0.88:

[0103]

[0104]

[0105]

[0106]

[0107] The coupled control unit outputs the following decisions: the purification unit operates at a power of 3kW and a filtration velocity of 2m / s; the HVAC system has a supply and return water temperature difference of 15℃ and an air volume of 800m³ / h, with the heat pump and boiler operating in tandem; the circulating regeneration unit has a regeneration temperature of 70℃ and a regeneration cycle of 2h.

[0108] (3) Air optimization: The purification unit starts a multi-stage purification process. The primary filter removes dust and hair from the air, the porous media adsorption layer adsorbs PM2.5 and VOC, and the catalytic decomposition layer decomposes VOC into CO2 and H2O. The HVAC system starts the heat pump and auxiliary gas boiler, and mixes the air at a temperature of 23°C with the purified air through the heat exchange device and the air duct system, and sends it into various areas of the office building.

[0109] (4) Recycling and regeneration: The energy recovery module recovers waste heat (10kW·h) from the HVAC system through a plate heat exchanger, with a waste heat recovery rate of 88%; the medium regeneration module starts the ultraviolet catalytic chamber and hot air circulation components to regenerate the adsorbed and saturated purification medium, with a regeneration efficiency of 92%. After regeneration, the residual concentration of pollutants in the purification medium is reduced to below 0.05mg / g, and it is put into use in a cycle.

[0110] (5) Feedback adjustment: After 1 hour, the indoor air quality parameters were detected: PM2.5 concentration 28 μg / m³, VOC concentration 0.2 mg / m³, CO2 concentration 700 ppm, temperature 23℃, humidity 55%RH, and IAQI = 38.5 ≤ 50 was calculated; the actual total energy consumption of the system was 21.2 kWh, which was basically consistent with the theoretical target energy consumption of 20.99 kWh. The feedback unit did not detect any obvious deviation, and the coupling control unit maintained the current operating parameters to form a closed-loop control.

[0111] This invention achieves deep coupling and collaborative operation between the HVAC system and the air purification system. It incorporates a multi-stage purification, catalytic decomposition, and dual energy and medium recycling structure, along with real-time data comparison and dynamic parameter correction by the feedback unit. This effectively solves the problems of high energy consumption, easy saturation and failure of purification media, and easy generation of secondary pollution in traditional independent systems while ensuring stable indoor air quality. It significantly improves energy utilization and system operation stability, reduces usage and maintenance costs, and has comprehensive technical advantages of high-efficiency purification, energy saving and consumption reduction, and sustainable recycling.

[0112] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the embodiments of the present invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for helping to understand the principles of the embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) coupled indoor air quality optimization and regeneration method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Real-time collection of indoor and outdoor air quality parameters, HVAC system operating parameters, and environmental condition parameters to construct a real-time parameter monitoring dataset; Based on the monitoring dataset, the indoor air quality comprehensive evaluation model and the HVAC-purification coupled energy consumption model are invoked through a coupled control strategy to output purification treatment parameters, HVAC adjustment parameters and circulation regeneration parameters. Based on the purification parameters and HVAC control parameters, the indoor air is subjected to multi-stage purification and coordinated temperature and humidity control. Based on the aforementioned recycling parameters, the pollutants adsorbed during the purification process are catalytically decomposed and regenerated, and the waste heat generated during the operation of the HVAC system is recovered and regenerated. Real-time comparison of actual indoor air quality values ​​with standard values, and actual energy consumption of HVAC systems with theoretical target energy consumption, dynamically adjusts the coupled control strategy and various operating parameters.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The indoor air quality parameters include PM2.5 concentration, VOC concentration, CO2 concentration, temperature and humidity, and total bacterial count; the HVAC system operating parameters include supply and return water temperature difference, air volume, heat pump COP value, and boiler operating power; the environmental operating parameters include outdoor temperature and humidity, outdoor pollutant concentration, and atmospheric pressure.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation formula for the comprehensive indoor air quality evaluation model is as follows: ； in, This is the comprehensive evaluation index for indoor air quality, where n represents the types of air quality parameters included in the evaluation, and ω represents the index. i Let Σω be the weight coefficient of the i-th type of parameter, and Σω i =1, The sub-index of the i-th type of parameter; the weight coefficient ωi is determined by the analytic hierarchy process combined with the indoor usage scenario, and the sum of the weight coefficients corresponding to PM2.5 and VOC is not less than 0.

6.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation formula for the HVAC-purification coupled energy consumption model is as follows: ； in, The total energy consumption of the system. For HVAC system energy consumption, Energy consumption of the purification unit Waste heat energy consumed by the recycling unit; Q represents the indoor heat load / cooling load, and COP represents the coefficient of performance of the heat pump. For HVAC system transmission efficiency; , This refers to the amount of waste heat released during heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. Energy recovery efficiency.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-stage purification process includes three stages: primary filtration, porous media adsorption, and catalytic decomposition. The primary filtration stage removes particulate matter with a diameter ≥10μm. The porous media adsorption stage uses a yttrium oxide-carbon nanotube composite medium to adsorb PM2.5 and VOCs. The catalytic decomposition stage uses a platinum-carbon quantum dot catalyst to decompose the adsorbed VOCs into CO2 and H2O. In the recycling step, the purification media regeneration efficiency... The calculation formula is: ； Where C0 is the saturated concentration of pollutants in the purification medium before regeneration, and C1 is the residual concentration of pollutants in the purification medium after regeneration. ≥90%.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coupled control strategy adopts a PID fuzzy control algorithm, with the indoor air quality index (IAQI) ≤ 50 and the total system energy consumption... The dual control objective is to keep the temperature at a reasonable low level, and to dynamically adjust the supply and return water temperature difference, air volume, and operating power and regeneration cycle of the purification unit in the HVAC system.

7. A heating, ventilation, and air conditioning coupled indoor air quality optimization and circulation regeneration system, characterized in that, include: The detection unit is used to collect indoor and outdoor air quality parameters, HVAC system operating parameters and environmental condition parameters in real time, and to build a real-time parameter monitoring dataset. The coupling control unit is used to call the indoor air quality comprehensive evaluation model and the HVAC-purification coupled energy consumption model based on the monitoring dataset, and output purification treatment parameters, HVAC adjustment parameters and circulation regeneration parameters through the coupling control strategy. The purification unit is used to perform multi-stage purification and coordinated temperature and humidity regulation of indoor air according to the purification parameters and HVAC adjustment parameters. The recycling unit is used to catalytically decompose and regenerate pollutants adsorbed during the purification process based on the recycling parameters, and to recover and regenerate the waste heat generated during the operation of the HVAC system. The feedback unit is used to compare the actual indoor air quality value with the standard value and the actual energy consumption of the HVAC system with the theoretical target energy consumption in real time, and to dynamically correct the coupled control strategy and various operating parameters.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The recycling unit includes an energy recovery module and a media regeneration module. The energy recovery module is used to recover waste heat in the supply and return water pipelines of the HVAC system to provide thermal energy for the regeneration of the purification media. The media regeneration module is used to catalytically decompose and regenerate the saturated purification media, and the regenerated purification media is recycled for use.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of the HVAC-coupled indoor air quality optimization and regeneration method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the HVAC-coupled indoor air quality optimization and regeneration method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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