Method, device and system for three-dimensional scanning modeling of an auricle

Abstract

The application discloses an auricle three-dimensional scanning modeling method, device and system, relates to the field of biomedical engineering, and effectively avoids the ionizing radiation risk caused by traditional CT scanning by acquiring auricle three-dimensional point cloud data through non-contact optical scanning. Through simplification processing and key point extraction on the point cloud data, the auricle point cloud model is lightened and parameterized and a basic structure is constructed. A three-dimensional space curve is constructed based on the key points, a characteristic scanning section is defined, and finally, an auricle three-dimensional entity model is generated, which provides a precise and editable digital auxiliary tool for surgeons, thereby reducing the dependence of auricle reconstruction surgery on personal experience and helping to realize a predictable, symmetrical and beautiful reconstruction effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biomedical engineering, and in particular to a method, apparatus and system for three-dimensional scanning modeling of the auricle before reconstructive surgery for congenital microtia. Background Technology

[0002] Congenital microtia is a common maxillofacial birth defect, with an incidence of approximately 3.06 cases per 10,000 people in my country, and this incidence is increasing year by year. The auricle is an important organ that constitutes facial appearance; this malformation not only affects the patient's physiological function but also leads to serious social and psychological problems. Therefore, early and effective auricle reconstruction surgery is crucial.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream approach to auricular reconstruction in clinical practice is to sculpt and transplant the patient's own rib cartilage. This method has the advantages of no rejection reaction and bioactivity. However, the current procedures have two major drawbacks: First, the surgical outcome is highly dependent on the surgeon's personal experience, spatial imagination, and manual sculpting skills. This strong "experience-dependent" model makes it difficult to guarantee the stability and predictability of the surgical results, easily leading to problems such as poor symmetry, unrealistic shape, and poor aesthetics in the reconstructed auricle, resulting in low patient satisfaction and even doctor-patient conflicts.

[0004] Secondly, to improve surgical precision, existing technologies attempt to incorporate medical imaging and 3D modeling techniques. A common approach is to use computed tomography (CT) scans to obtain two-dimensional images of the patient's healthy auricle or cartilage, and then generate a digital model using 3D reconstruction technology. However, this method has significant drawbacks: First, CT scans expose patients (especially children) to ionizing radiation, posing potential health risks; second, models reconstructed from CT data are mostly volumetric data or surface mesh models, resulting in large data volumes, heavy storage and computational burdens, and difficulty in achieving smooth parametric editing and rapid pre-planning of surgical procedures on conventional computers.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a three-dimensional scanning modeling technology for the auricle that can overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings. It should be able to achieve accurate, parametric, lightweight, and economical modeling of the auricle without relying on radiation imaging, thereby providing doctors with a data-driven auxiliary tool to reduce the reliance on personal experience in surgery and ultimately achieve predictable, symmetrical, and aesthetically pleasing auricle reconstruction results. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects and deficiencies in the prior art and provide a method, device and system for three-dimensional scanning modeling of the auricle.

[0007] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution: A method for three-dimensional scanning and modeling of the auricle includes the following steps: Data acquisition steps: Acquire three-dimensional point cloud data of the target auricle using a non-contact optical scanning device; Key point extraction steps: The three-dimensional point cloud data is simplified and processed to extract multiple key anatomical feature points for defining the auricle contour. The key anatomical feature points include at least the feature points for defining the helix, antihelix, tragus, antitragus, and lower foot of the antihelix. Curve construction steps: Based on the key anatomical feature points, generate multiple three-dimensional spatial curves representing the contours of various parts of the auricle; The scanning section definition steps are as follows: Based on the predefined geometric constraints, the feature scanning section is configured for the spatial curve in the 3D scanning feature modeling; Solid modeling steps: Perform feature scanning modeling operation on the feature scanning section along the three-dimensional space curve to generate a three-dimensional solid model of the auricle.

[0008] Preferably, in the key point extraction step, the simplification processing of the three-dimensional point cloud data includes: identifying the contours of the helix, antihelix, tragus, antitragus, and lower foot of the antihelix of the auricle, and extracting curve control point data along the contours, wherein connecting the curve control point data constitutes the contour shape of the auricle.

[0009] Preferably, the non-contact optical scanning device is a binocular camera system including a laser locator.

[0010] Preferably, the feature scanning cross section is elliptical.

[0011] Preferably, in the feature scanning section definition step, after generating the feature scanning section, a step of manually correcting the section is also included.

[0012] Preferably, the key point extraction step, the curve construction step, the cross-section definition step, and the solid modeling step are all executed in the SolidWorks software environment.

[0013] A three-dimensional scanning device for the auricle, comprising: frame; An optical scanning unit, mounted on the frame, is used to acquire three-dimensional point cloud data of the target auricle. The optical scanning unit includes at least a binocular camera and a laser locator. A motion control unit, connected to the optical scanning unit, is used to precisely adjust the spatial pose of the optical scanning unit. The motion control unit includes a servo motor and a linear motion module driven by the servo motor. An automatic control unit, which is communicatively connected to the motion control unit and the optical scanning unit, includes a programmable logic controller and a computer, the computer being configured to execute the above-described method and send control commands to the programmable logic controller to drive the motion control unit.

[0014] Preferably, it further includes: The head fixation device includes a height-adjustable forehead rest, side panels, and an adjustment mechanism. The side panels are movably mounted on the adjustment mechanism to adjust the angle and height, thereby preventing hair from obscuring the earlobes.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a switching power supply for powering the servo motor and the programmable logic controller.

[0016] A three-dimensional scanning modeling system for the auricle, characterized in that it includes: The aforementioned three-dimensional scanning device for the auricle; The data processing and modeling server is communicatively connected to the auricle 3D scanning device, and is used to receive 3D point cloud data and execute the above-described method to complete 3D modeling.

[0017] Based on common knowledge in the field, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily to obtain various preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] The significant advantages of this invention are as follows: The three-dimensional scanning modeling method for auricles acquires three-dimensional point cloud data of the auricle through non-contact optical scanning, effectively avoiding the ionizing radiation risks associated with traditional CT scans. By simplifying the point cloud data and extracting key points, a lightweight and parametric foundation for constructing the auricle model is achieved. Based on the key points, a three-dimensional spatial curve is constructed and feature scanning sections are defined, ultimately generating a three-dimensional solid model of the auricle. This provides surgeons with a precise and editable digital auxiliary tool, thereby reducing the reliance on personal experience in auricle reconstruction surgery and contributing to predictable, symmetrical, and aesthetically pleasing reconstruction results. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the three-dimensional scanning modeling method for the auricle according to an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional point cloud data of the auricle according to an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the extraction of key anatomical feature points of the auricle and the construction of three-dimensional spatial curves in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the definition of the feature scanning cross section in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional solid model of the auricle according to an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional auricle scanning device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the auricle three-dimensional scanning device according to an embodiment of this application after adding a head fixation device.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: Target auricle 1 Optical scanning unit 2 Motion Control Unit 3 Automatic control unit 4 Rack 5 E'tuo 6 Side panel 7 Detailed Implementation The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] like Figures 1-7 As shown, this application proposes a three-dimensional scanning modeling method for the auricle. This method acquires three-dimensional point cloud data of the target auricle 1 using a non-contact optical scanning device in the data acquisition step, avoiding radiation risks. Subsequently, in the key point extraction step, the three-dimensional point cloud data is simplified to extract multiple key anatomical feature points for defining the auricle contour, thereby achieving lightweight and parametric data construction. Based on these key anatomical feature points, multiple three-dimensional spatial curves representing the contours of various parts of the auricle are generated in the curve construction step, and feature scanning sections are configured for these three-dimensional spatial curves according to predefined geometric constraints in the section definition step. Finally, in the solid modeling step, scanning operations are performed along the three-dimensional spatial curves on specific scanning sections to generate a three-dimensional solid model of the auricle. This provides doctors with a data-driven auxiliary tool to reduce the reliance on personal experience in surgery and achieve predictable, symmetrical, and aesthetically pleasing auricle reconstruction results.

[0028] For ease of understanding, some key technical terms in this embodiment are explained below: Non-contact optical scanning equipment refers to devices that acquire geometric data of an object's surface without physical contact, utilizing optical principles. Their working principle typically involves beam projection, reflection, and reception, determining the three-dimensional coordinate parameters of points on the object's surface by calculating changes in the optical path.

[0029] 3D point cloud data refers to a dataset consisting of a series of points with three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z), which collectively represent the geometry and spatial distribution of an object's surface. Point cloud data is the raw data format directly output by a 3D scanning device.

[0030] Key anatomical features are points on the surface of the auricle that have specific anatomical significance and morphological characteristics, such as the highest point of the helix or the edge of the tragus. These points are used to precisely define the overall outline and local structure of the auricle.

[0031] A three-dimensional space curve refers to a spline curve composed of a series of control points in a three-dimensional coordinate system. In this embodiment, these curves are used to accurately depict the contour boundaries of various parts of the auricle (such as the helix and antihelix).

[0032] A feature scan section refers to a two-dimensional geometric shape used in 3D modeling when sweeping along a specific path (such as a 3D spatial curve). By moving this section along the path and generating continuous surfaces, a 3D solid can be constructed.

[0033] A 3D solid model is a digital model with volume and surface information, capable of fully representing the geometry and topology of an object. Compared to point clouds or mesh models, solid models are easier to parametrically edit and perform engineering analysis.

[0034] Specifically, the three-dimensional scanning modeling method for the auricle in this embodiment includes the following steps: In the data acquisition step, three-dimensional point cloud data of the target auricle 1 is acquired using a non-contact optical scanning device.

[0035] In the key point extraction step, the 3D point cloud data is simplified to extract multiple key anatomical feature points used to define the auricle contour. These key anatomical feature points include at least the feature points used to define the helix, antihelix, tragus, antitragus, and lower crura of the antihelix.

[0036] In the curve construction step, multiple three-dimensional spatial curves representing the contours of various parts of the auricle are generated based on key anatomical feature points.

[0037] In the scan section definition step, feature scan sections are generated for the 3D spatial curves based on predefined geometric constraints. After generating the 3D spatial curves, sections for scanning operations need to be configured for these curves. These sections can be defined as circles or rectangles based on preset geometric constraints, for example, and their dimensional parameters can be set. These sections can be set perpendicular to the tangent direction of the curve and swept along the curve path.

[0038] In the solid modeling step, a feature scanning operation is performed on the feature scanning section along the 3D space curve to generate a 3D solid model of the auricle. After defining the feature scanning section and the 3D space curve, the sweep function in the 3D modeling software can be used to sweep the above section along the corresponding 3D space curve. Through this operation, the section generates a continuous surface as it moves along the curve, ultimately forming a 3D solid model of the auricle with volume information. For example, the circular section of the helix can be swept along the helix curve to generate the solid part of the helix; the rectangular section of the tragus can be swept along the tragus curve to generate the solid part of the tragus.

[0039] This application acquires three-dimensional point cloud data of the auricle through non-contact optical scanning, effectively avoiding the ionizing radiation risks associated with traditional CT scans. By simplifying the point cloud data and extracting key points, a lightweight and parametric foundation for constructing the auricle model is achieved. Based on the key points, a three-dimensional spatial curve is constructed and feature scanning sections are defined, ultimately generating a three-dimensional solid model of the auricle. This provides surgeons with a precise and editable digital auxiliary tool, thereby reducing the reliance on personal experience in auricle reconstruction surgery and contributing to predictable, symmetrical, and aesthetically pleasing reconstruction results.

[0040] This application further proposes that the simplified processing of the three-dimensional point cloud data in the above-mentioned key point extraction steps includes: identifying the contours of the helix, antihelix, tragus, antitragus, and lower foot of the antihelix of the auricle, and extracting curve control point data along the contours. The curve control point data are connected to form the contour shape of the auricle.

[0041] Specifically, this can be achieved by manually selecting or marking key anatomical feature points such as the helix, antihelix, tragus, antitragus, and lower antihelix in a 3D point cloud view through interactive methods to improve accuracy.

[0042] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively solves the problem of low computational efficiency caused by the large amount of 3D point cloud data, significantly improving the accuracy and speed of auricular contour extraction. By focusing on the contour recognition of key anatomical regions such as the helix, antihelix, tragus, antitragus, and lower crus of the antihelix, the processing of irrelevant point cloud data is avoided, thereby greatly reducing the computational burden. Furthermore, curve control point data is extracted along these key contours, simplifying the data volume while preserving the essential shape features of the auricle to the greatest extent. These curve control point data can be directly connected to form the contour shape of the auricle, ensuring that the extracted data can be directly used for subsequent curve construction steps without additional complex processing, thereby improving the efficiency and smoothness of the overall modeling process.

[0043] This application further proposes that the non-contact optical scanning device is a binocular camera system including a laser locator. Specifically, a non-contact optical scanning device is a device that uses optical principles to acquire the three-dimensional geometric information of the surface of the object being measured without direct contact. To ensure the accuracy and reliability of the three-dimensional modeling of the auricle, this application preferably employs a binocular camera system including a laser locator. This system combines binocular cameras and laser positioning technology. The binocular cameras, by simulating the principle of human stereoscopic vision, use two cameras to capture target images from different angles and calculate the three-dimensional depth information of the target object through image processing algorithms, thereby generating high-density three-dimensional point cloud data. Based on this, the laser locator is used to provide accurate reference points, assist in alignment, or perform high-precision distance measurements to calibrate or enhance the positioning and measurement accuracy of the binocular camera system.

[0044] Through the above technical solutions, the laser locator can provide high-precision spatial positioning capabilities, ensuring the positional stability and measurement accuracy of the target auricle 1 during scanning, and effectively reducing errors caused by equipment or target movement. Simultaneously, the binocular camera system utilizes stereo vision principles to generate high-quality, high-density 3D point cloud data, avoiding the health risks of traditional radiation imaging, and capturing the complex surface details and texture information of the auricle, thereby improving the accuracy of overall auricle 3D modeling.

[0045] This application further proposes that the feature scanning section is elliptical.

[0046] Specifically, the feature scan section is a fundamental geometric element in 3D solid modeling. It defines the cross-sectional shape of the generated solid model when a sweep operation is performed along a specific path (a 3D spatial curve in this application). Its function is to give the 3D solid model of the auricle thickness and a sense of three-dimensionality, making it a key component in constructing a complete 3D form. In practical applications, the feature scan section can be of various geometric shapes, such as circles, rectangles, polygons, or free curves, and its selection directly affects the morphological characteristics of the final model.

[0047] By limiting the feature scanning cross-section to an ellipse, this application can more accurately simulate the natural anatomical structure of the auricle. Many parts of the auricle, such as the helix and antihelix, often exhibit a smooth, anatomically approximate elliptical transition shape in their cross-section. Therefore, in the solid modeling step, scanning the elliptical feature scanning cross-section along a three-dimensional spatial curve allows the generated three-dimensional solid model of the auricle to more closely resemble the physiological structure of the real auricle, avoiding model distortion caused by inappropriate cross-sectional shape.

[0048] This application further proposes that, in the section definition step, after generating the feature scan section, a step of manually correcting the section is also included.

[0049] The "manual section correction step" refers to the process by which the operator adjusts and optimizes the section after the system automatically generates the feature scan section through a human-computer interaction interface. This step aims to overcome the limitations of automated algorithms when dealing with complex or irregular anatomical structures, ensuring that the section shape more accurately reflects the true shape of the auricle. Specifically, one implementation is that the operator can directly drag, scale, rotate, or deform the generated feature scan section through a graphical user interface (GUI). For example, if the feature scan section is elliptical (as described in the above implementation), the operator can adjust the major axis, minor axis, center position, or tilt angle of the ellipse to better match the actual contour of the auricle. Another implementation is that the system provides a series of parametric adjustment tools, allowing the operator to finely control the geometric properties of the section by inputting values ​​or using sliders, such as adjusting the curvature, thickness, or coordinates of specific points. Furthermore, the operator can modify the contour of the section by adding, deleting, or moving control points, thereby achieving free editing of the section shape.

[0050] By introducing a manual cross-section correction step into the cross-section definition process, the above technical solution effectively addresses the potential accuracy issues of automatically generated feature scanning cross-sections. Given the complexity of auricular anatomy and individual variability, automated algorithms may struggle to perfectly capture all details, potentially leading to discrepancies between the generated feature scanning cross-section and the actual auricular morphology. The manual correction mechanism allows professionals (such as physicians) to fine-tune the automatically generated cross-section based on their experience and visual judgment, compensating for the algorithm's limitations. This ensures that the feature scanning cross-section more accurately reflects the true anatomical features of the auricle, providing high-quality input for subsequent solid modeling steps. Ultimately, this solution significantly improves the realism and fidelity of the 3D auricular model, making the constructed model more consistent with the patient's actual condition. This provides a more reliable and precise auxiliary tool for auricular reconstruction surgery, thereby increasing the success rate and patient satisfaction.

[0051] This application further proposes that the above-mentioned key point extraction steps, curve construction steps, cross-section definition steps, and solid modeling steps are all executed in the SolidWorks software environment.

[0052] The aforementioned SolidWorks software environment refers to SolidWorks, a mainstream 3D computer-aided design software. This environment provides an integrated platform and a rich toolset for 3D auricular modeling. Implementation methods include: one approach is to directly utilize SolidWorks' point cloud processing plugins, sketching tools, curve / surface modeling functions, solid feature operations (such as sweep, loft, and extrusion), and parametric design capabilities to complete all modeling steps within a unified interface; another approach is to develop customized scripts or plugins through SolidWorks' API (Application Programming Interface) or macro functions to automate repetitive tasks or integrate specific algorithms, thereby achieving a more efficient and professional auricular modeling workflow within the SolidWorks environment.

[0053] By unifying the core steps of key point extraction, curve construction, cross-section definition, and solid modeling within the SolidWorks software environment through the aforementioned technical solutions, the efficiency and accuracy of auricular 3D modeling can be significantly improved. As a mature parametric CAD software, SolidWorks' powerful geometric modeling kernel and user-friendly interface enable smooth interaction and efficient computation when processing 3D point cloud data, generating complex curves, defining feature scanning cross-sections, and finally constructing solid models. For example, in the key point extraction stage, SolidWorks' point cloud processing tools can assist users in quickly identifying and selecting key anatomical feature points, reducing the tedium of manual operations; in the curve construction and cross-section definition stages, its parametric design capabilities allow users to flexibly adjust curve shapes and cross-section dimensions, and preview the modification effects in real time, greatly improving the accuracy and editability of the model; in the solid modeling stage, SolidWorks' optimized algorithms can quickly complete the scanning operation, generate high-quality solid models, and support subsequent engineering analysis and manufacturing preparation. Overall, this integrated workflow avoids data conversion and compatibility issues between different software, simplifies operation steps, and reduces reliance on the professional skills of operators. This effectively solves the problems of low computational efficiency and unsmooth parametric editing mentioned in the background technology, providing doctors with a more convenient and accurate auxiliary tool for auricle reconstruction.

[0054] like Figure 6As shown, this application also proposes a three-dimensional scanning device for the auricle, aiming to solve the problem of achieving accurate, radiation-free three-dimensional data acquisition while avoiding the use of radiation imaging equipment. The device includes a frame 5, an optical scanning unit 2, a motion control unit 3, and an automatic control unit 4.

[0055] The optical scanning unit 2 is mounted on the frame 5 and is used to acquire three-dimensional point cloud data of the target auricle 1. The optical scanning unit 2 includes at least a binocular camera and a laser locator.

[0056] The motion control unit 3 is connected to the optical scanning unit 2 and is used to precisely adjust the spatial pose of the optical scanning unit 2. The motion control unit 3 includes a servo motor and a linear motion module driven by the servo motor.

[0057] The automatic control unit 4 is communicatively connected to the motion control unit 3 and the optical scanning unit 2. The automatic control unit 4 includes a programmable logic controller and a computer. The computer is configured to execute a specific 3D scanning modeling method and send control commands to the programmable logic controller to drive the motion control unit 3.

[0058] The core innovation of this embodiment lies in combining the optical scanning unit 2 and the motion control unit 3 in a collaborative manner, and introducing an automated command system from the control unit, thereby achieving radiation-free, high-precision three-dimensional point cloud data acquisition of the auricle. Specifically, the frame 5 serves as the physical support structure, ensuring the stability and operability of the entire device and providing a fixed platform for the scanning process. The optical scanning unit 2 is mounted on the motion control unit 3 and uses a binocular camera and a laser locator to perform non-contact optical scanning to acquire three-dimensional point cloud data of the auricle, avoiding the ionizing radiation risks of traditional CT scans while ensuring the safety and efficiency of data acquisition. The binocular camera captures the surface features of the auricle through the principle of stereoscopic vision, while the laser locator provides precise spatial reference points; their collaborative work significantly improves the accuracy and completeness of the point cloud data acquisition.

[0059] Furthermore, the motion control unit 3 is connected to the optical scanning unit 2, and precisely adjusts the spatial pose of the optical scanning unit 2 through a linear motion module driven by a servo motor. The servo motor provides high-precision displacement control, and the linear motion module ensures the smoothness and repeatability of the scanning path, thereby achieving comprehensive coverage of all angles of the auricle. This precise spatial pose adjustment mechanism effectively solves the problem of data loss caused by the limitation of the scanning angle, ensuring that the generated three-dimensional point cloud data can fully reflect the complex surface features of the auricle.

[0060] Building upon this, the automatic control unit 4 includes a programmable logic controller (PLC) and a computer. The computer is configured to execute a specific 3D scanning modeling method and send control commands to the PLC to drive the motion control unit 3. The PLC receives commands from the computer in real time and coordinates the action sequence of the motion control unit 3. Simultaneously, data from the optical scanning unit 2 is acquired and transmitted to the computer. The computer processes the point cloud data by executing 3D modeling algorithms to generate a lightweight parametric model, significantly reducing data storage and computational burden. This automated coordination mechanism reduces human intervention errors, improves system response speed and reliability, and provides a precise data foundation for subsequent surgical planning.

[0061] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves radiation-free, high-precision acquisition of three-dimensional auricular data, effectively avoiding the health risks of ionizing radiation to patients (especially children). The coordinated operation of the optical scanning unit 2 and the motion control unit 3 ensures the comprehensiveness and accuracy of data acquisition.

[0062] This application further proposes that it also includes a head fixation device, which is provided with a height-adjustable forehead support 6, a side plate 7 and an adjustment structure, wherein the side plate 7 is movably mounted on the adjustment mechanism to adjust the angle and height so as to prevent hair from covering the ear.

[0063] Specifically, the forehead support is the component in the device that supports the patient's forehead. It is typically height-adjustable to fit different patients' facial contours and provide a stable support point. The side panels are plate-like components located on the sides of the head, movably mounted on the adjustment mechanism. They are used to secure the head from the side and prevent hair from covering the ear area; their angle and height are adjustable to accommodate individual differences. The adjustment mechanism is a mechanical component (such as screws, slides, or hinges) that allows for manual or automatic adjustment of the position of the forehead support and side panels, enabling fine control of height and angle to ensure full exposure of the ear.

[0064] In this application, the above-mentioned solution is adopted, using an adjustable forehead support 6 and side plates 7 to adapt to different patients' head sizes, preventing hair from obscuring the auricle and thus improving the data acquisition accuracy of the optical scanning unit 2. The adjustable structure allows for rapid and stable positioning, reducing interference during the scanning process and improving overall efficiency. Specifically, the forehead support 6 serves as a support point for the forehead, providing basic fixation; the side plates 7 constrain the head from the side, and their adjustability ensures complete exposure of the auricle area; the adjustable structure (such as a slide rail or screw) enables fine-tuning, enhancing the versatility and comfort of the device. This design solves the problem of data loss caused by hair obscuring the auricle or patient movement in traditional scanning, providing a more reliable basis for three-dimensional modeling of the auricle.

[0065] In practical applications, the operation of the head fixation device may include: first, adjusting the height of the forehead rest 6 by adjusting the structure to ensure a comfortable fit to the patient's forehead; then, moving the side plate 7 to an appropriate angle to ensure clear visibility of the auricle; finally, locking the position and starting the scan. This modular design not only reduces operational complexity but also supports rapid adaptation to different clinical scenarios, further highlighting the practicality and innovation of this invention.

[0066] This application further proposes that the auricle three-dimensional scanning device also includes a switching power supply for powering the servo motor and the programmable logic controller.

[0067] The purpose of a switching power supply is to provide a stable, efficient, and reliable DC power supply, ensuring that servo motors and programmable logic controllers can obtain a reliable power supply under various operating conditions.

[0068] The above technical solution introduces a switching power supply to provide dedicated and stable power to the servo motor, programmable logic controller, and binocular camera, effectively solving the problem of unstable device operation caused by the lack of independent power supply mechanisms for these key components. The high efficiency and voltage regulation characteristics of the switching power supply can effectively avoid problems such as voltage fluctuations and current instability that may be caused by traditional linear power supplies or shared power supplies.

[0069] This application further proposes a three-dimensional scanning and modeling system for the auricle, which includes a three-dimensional scanning device for the auricle and a data processing and modeling server. The data processing and modeling server is communicatively connected to the three-dimensional scanning device for receiving three-dimensional point cloud data and executing the aforementioned method to complete the three-dimensional modeling.

[0070] Specifically, the data processing and modeling server is a powerful computing entity dedicated to receiving and processing 3D point cloud data acquired by the auricle 3D scanning device and performing subsequent modeling operations. This server can be a high-performance workstation, a dedicated computing cluster, or a virtual server instance deployed on a cloud computing platform. Its communication connection with the auricle 3D scanning device ensures that the raw 3D point cloud data acquired by the device can be efficiently and stably transmitted to the data processing and modeling server. Communication can be wired, such as via high-speed Ethernet, USB 3.0, or Fibre Channel; or wireless, such as via Wi-Fi 6 or 5G cellular networks. The data processing and modeling server receives the 3D point cloud data, i.e., it can acquire the raw 3D point cloud data from the auricle 3D scanning device. This can be achieved through real-time data streaming protocols, such as custom protocols on the TCP / IP protocol stack; or through batch file transfer, such as packaging and transmitting the data after scanning. Upon receiving the data, the data processing and modeling server executes the above methods, i.e., runs specific algorithms and processes to achieve 3D auricle modeling. Specifically, this involves simplifying the received 3D point cloud data, extracting key anatomical feature points, constructing 3D spatial curves based on these feature points, generating feature scanning sections according to predefined geometric constraints, and finally scanning the feature scanning sections along the 3D spatial curves to generate a 3D solid model of the auricle. These steps can be implemented using pre-compiled software programs, scripting languages, or modules within an integrated development environment. Ultimately, the data processing and modeling server completes the 3D modeling, outputting a complete 3D solid model of the auricle that can be used for subsequent applications (such as surgical planning and 3D printing). This model can be stored in various standard formats, such as STEP, IGES, STL, or OBJ, or in proprietary model formats that support parametric editing.

[0071] Through the above technical solution, this application separates the data acquisition function of the auricle 3D scanning device from the computational function of the data processing and modeling server, achieving a professional division of labor among functional modules. The auricle 3D scanning device focuses on efficiently and accurately acquiring raw 3D point cloud data, while the data processing and modeling server utilizes its powerful computing capabilities to specifically execute complex 3D modeling algorithms. The data processing and modeling server can quickly and accurately perform various complex calculations, including point cloud simplification, key point extraction, curve construction, cross-section definition, and solid modeling, thereby significantly improving the overall efficiency and model accuracy of auricle 3D modeling. Furthermore, seamless data transmission through communication connections ensures the high integration and responsiveness of the entire system, providing doctors with smoother and more reliable auxiliary tools, thus better supporting surgical planning, reducing reliance on the doctor's personal experience, and ultimately contributing to predictable, symmetrical, and aesthetically pleasing auricle reconstruction results.

Claims

1. A method for three-dimensional scanning and modeling of the auricle, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Data acquisition steps: Acquire three-dimensional point cloud data of the target auricle using a non-contact optical scanning device; Key point extraction steps: The three-dimensional point cloud data is simplified and processed to extract multiple key anatomical feature points for defining the auricle contour. The key anatomical feature points include at least the feature points for defining the helix, antihelix, tragus, antitragus, and lower foot of the antihelix. Curve construction steps: Based on the key anatomical feature points, generate multiple three-dimensional spatial curves representing the contours of various parts of the auricle; Scan section definition steps: Configure feature scan sections for the three-dimensional space curve according to predefined geometric constraints; Solid modeling steps: Perform feature scanning modeling operation on the feature scanning section along the three-dimensional space curve to generate a three-dimensional solid model of the auricle.

2. The three-dimensional scanning modeling method for auricle according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the key point extraction step, the simplification processing of the three-dimensional point cloud data includes: identifying the contours of the helix, antihelix, tragus, antitragus, and lower foot of the antihelix of the auricle, and extracting curve control point data along the contours. The curve control point data connected together constitute the contour shape of the auricle.

3. The three-dimensional scanning modeling method for auricle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-contact optical scanning device is a binocular camera system that includes a laser locator.

4. The three-dimensional scanning modeling method for auricle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feature scanning cross section is elliptical.

5. The three-dimensional scanning modeling method for auricle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The section definition step, after generating the feature scan section, also includes a step of manually correcting the section.

6. The three-dimensional scanning modeling method for auricle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The key point extraction step, the curve construction step, the cross section definition step, and the solid modeling step are all executed in the SolidWorks software environment.

7. A three-dimensional scanning device for the auricle, characterized in that, include: frame; An optical scanning unit, mounted on the frame, is used to acquire three-dimensional point cloud data of the target auricle. The optical scanning unit includes at least a binocular camera and a laser locator. A motion control unit, connected to the optical scanning unit, is used to precisely adjust the spatial pose of the optical scanning unit. The motion control unit includes a servo motor and a linear motion module driven by the servo motor. An automatic control unit communicatively connected to the motion control unit and the optical scanning unit, the automatic control unit including a programmable logic controller and a computer, the computer being configured to execute the method of any one of claims 1 to 6 and send control commands to the programmable logic controller to drive the motion control unit.

8. The three-dimensional auricle scanning device according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: The head fixation device includes a height-adjustable forehead rest, side panels, and an adjustment mechanism. The side panels are movably mounted on the adjustment mechanism to adjust the angle and height, thereby preventing hair from obscuring the earlobes.

9. The three-dimensional scanning device for auricle according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a switching power supply for powering the servo motor and the programmable logic controller.

10. A three-dimensional scanning modeling system for the auricle, characterized in that, include: The auricle three-dimensional scanning device as described in any one of claims 7-9; A data processing and modeling server, which is communicatively connected to the auricle 3D scanning device, is used to receive 3D point cloud data and execute the method of any one of claims 1 to 6 to complete 3D modeling.

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