A communication method, data frame and communication device

Abstract

The application provides a communication method, a data frame and a communication device. The method is applied to a network device, the network device comprises a first RRU and a first BBU, the first RRU and the first BBU are connected through an Ethernet, the method comprises the following steps: the first BBU generates a baseband data packet according to an acquired first Ethernet data frame; and determines a first time period according to the identification of the first baseband data packet; then the first BBU sends a second Ethernet data frame to the first RRU within the first time period, the second Ethernet data frame is used for carrying a first offset and a second offset, the first offset is used for recombining data to be transmitted by a terminal device to obtain first uplink data, and the second offset is used for indicating a storage address of the first uplink data; and the first RRU sends the first offset and the second offset to the terminal device. In the application, the BBU and the RRU are connected through the Ethernet, and data alignment between the network device and the terminal device is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication, and more specifically, to a communication method, data frame, and communication apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] In wireless communication systems, massive-input multiple-output (MIMO) is a key technology that significantly improves cell throughput and greatly reduces base station interference. MIMO technology typically requires more than 64 antennas in the remote radio unit (RRU) or active antenna unit (AAU). Therefore, multiple parallel processors are needed to support the antenna count requirements of the massive antenna array. Simultaneously, it places high demands on data alignment between multiple air interface antennas, for example, improving it to within 10 ns, which poses a greater challenge to the synchronization between multiple processors.

[0003] Currently, whether it's an integrated base station or a distributed base station, the base band unit (BBU) and the RRU in the base station interact through a common public radio interface (CPRI) or enhanced CPRI (eCPRI) link. However, CPRI or eCPRI cannot meet the throughput requirements of massive MIMO and requires strict timing alignment of data frames through clock synchronization or co-location.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the throughput of the BBU and RRU connection while ensuring the flexibility of frame synchronization between the BBU and RRU is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a communication method, data frame, and communication device to improve the throughput of the BBU and RRU connection while ensuring the flexibility of frame synchronization between the BBU and RRU.

[0006] Firstly, a communication method is provided. This method can be applied to the network side, such as network devices, modules (e.g., circuits, chips, or chip systems) within those devices, or logical nodes, modules, or software capable of implementing all or part of the network device's functions. For ease of description, the application of this method to a network device will be used as an example.

[0007] The network device includes a first remote radio unit (RRU) and a first baseband processing unit (BBU), which are connected via Ethernet. The method may include: the first BBU generating a first baseband data packet based on an acquired first Ethernet data frame; the first BBU determining a first time period based on the identifier of the first baseband data packet; the first BBU sending a second Ethernet data frame to the first RRU within the first time period, the second Ethernet data frame carrying a first offset and a second offset, the first offset being used to reassemble the data to be transmitted by the terminal device to obtain first uplink data, and the second offset being used to indicate the storage address of the first uplink data; and the first RRU sending the first offset and the second offset to the terminal device.

[0008] Based on the above scheme, the BBU and RRU are connected via an Ethernet interface. While ensuring internal synchronization within the RRU, flexible frame synchronization between the BBU and RRU is achieved by identifying the data packets transmitted by the RRU, without requiring strict timing alignment between them. Simultaneously, the storage medium address offset and in-phase quadrature (IQ) data offset obtained by the BBU in the network device are transmitted to the terminal device via downlink data transmission. This allows the terminal device to use the IQ offset to determine the reassembled uplink data to be transmitted and the storage medium address offset to determine the address of the reassembled uplink data to be transmitted, thereby achieving air interface data alignment between the network device and the terminal device.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the end time of the first time period is not later than the start time of the first wireless frame, which is used to transmit the second Ethernet data frame.

[0010] Based on the above scheme, the first time period is determined by the identifier of the first baseband data packet. This allows the first BBU to preprocess data within the first time period. As long as the end of the first time period is no later than the start of the first radio frame, the first BBU can transmit data within the first radio frame. Furthermore, the first BBU and the first RRU achieve coarse synchronization through the identifier of the first baseband data, eliminating the need for strict frame synchronization and making the synchronization between the first BBU and the first RRU more flexible.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, before the first BBU sends the second Ethernet data frame to the first RRU within the first time period, the method further includes: the first BBU determining the first offset and the second offset within the first time period.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first BBU determining the first offset and the second offset within the first time period includes: the first BBU determining a timing advance and a transmission delay within the first time period; and the first BBU determining the first offset and the second offset based on the timing advance and the transmission delay.

[0013] Based on the above scheme, the storage medium address offset and IQ offset can be determined by timing advance and transmission delay.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first BBU includes an automatic distribution system (ADS), a central baseband board, and L baseband boards. The first BBU determines the first offset and the second offset within the first time period, including: the central baseband board determining the first offset and the second offset within the first time period; and the ADS scheduling the L baseband boards to obtain the first offset and the second offset from the central baseband board within the first time period, where L ≥ 1 and is an integer.

[0015] Based on the above scheme, by obtaining the first time period, the first BBU can complete the preprocessing and transmission of data within the first time period, thereby achieving coarse synchronization between the first BBU and the first RRU.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first RRU includes a clock board and a trigger board. Before the first RRU sends the first offset and the second offset to the terminal device, the method further includes: the clock board generating a clock signal for clock synchronization of the second Ethernet data frame; and the trigger board generating a pulse signal for frame synchronization of the second Ethernet data frame.

[0017] Based on the above scheme, the internal synchronization of the first RRU is achieved through clock signals and trigger signals, ensuring that the data clock received or transmitted by the first RRU is synchronized, as well as the data frame transmitted is synchronized, thereby improving communication performance.

[0018] Secondly, a communication method is provided that can be applied to the terminal side, such as a terminal device or a communication module within a terminal device, or a circuit or chip (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-chip (SoC) chip or system-in-package (SIP) chip containing a modem core) within the terminal device. For ease of description, the application of this method to a terminal device will be used as an example.

[0019] The terminal device includes a second remote radio unit (RRU) and a second baseband processing unit (BBU), which are connected via Ethernet. The method includes: the second RRU receiving a first offset and a second offset; the second RRU sending a third Ethernet data frame to the second BBU, the third Ethernet data frame carrying a second baseband data packet including the first offset and the second offset; the second BBU determining a second time period based on the identifier of the second baseband data packet; the second BBU sending a fourth Ethernet data frame to the second RRU within the second time period, the header of the fourth Ethernet data frame including the first offset and the second offset; and the second RRU sending first uplink data based on a storage address, the first uplink data being reassembled from the data to be transmitted by the terminal device based on the first offset, the storage address being determined based on the second offset.

[0020] Optionally, before the second BBU determines the second time period based on the identifier of the second baseband data packet, the method further includes: the second BBU obtaining the second baseband data packet based on the received third Ethernet data frame.

[0021] Based on the above scheme, by connecting the BBU and RRU in the terminal device via Ethernet, asynchronous data processing between the BBU and RRU is achieved, enabling flexible frame synchronization between them and improving throughput. Simultaneously, the storage medium address offset and IQ offset obtained by the BBU in the network device are transmitted to the terminal device via downlink data transmission. This allows the terminal device to use the IQ offset to determine the reassembled uplink data to be transmitted and the storage medium address offset to determine the address of the reassembled uplink data to be transmitted, thereby achieving air interface data alignment between the network device and the terminal device.

[0022] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the end time of the second time period is not later than the start time of the second radio frame, which is used to transmit the fourth Ethernet data frame.

[0023] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, before the second RRU sends the first uplink data according to the storage address, the method further includes: the second RRU reassembling the data to be transmitted by the terminal device according to the first offset; and the second RRU determining the storage address of the first uplink data according to the second offset.

[0024] Optionally, before the second RRU reassembles the data to be transmitted by the terminal device based on the first offset, the method further includes: the second RRU obtaining the first offset and the second offset based on the received fourth Ethernet data frame.

[0025] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first uplink data is obtained by reassembling the data to be transmitted by the terminal device based on the first offset, the data bit width of the fourth Ethernet data frame, and the effective in-phase quadrature (IQ) data bit width in the fourth Ethernet data frame.

[0026] Optionally, the second RRU reassembles the data to be transmitted by the terminal device based on the first offset, including: the second RRU reassembles the data to be transmitted by the terminal device based on the first offset, the data bit width of the fourth Ethernet data frame, and the effective in-phase quadrature IQ data bit width in the fourth Ethernet data frame.

[0027] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the storage address is determined based on the second offset and a first value, the first value being the index of each data in the third baseband packet carried by the fourth Ethernet data frame.

[0028] Optionally, the second RRU determines the storage address of the first uplink data based on the second offset, including: the second RRU determines the storage address of the first uplink data based on the second offset and a first value, wherein the first value is the index of each data in the third baseband data packet carried by the fourth Ethernet data frame.

[0029] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, when the sum of the first value and the second offset is greater than or equal to the second value, and the sum of the first value and the third value is not equal to the second value, the storage address is determined based on the second offset, the first value, the second value, and the initial storage medium address; when the sum of the first value and the second offset is less than or equal to the second value, and the sum of the first value and the third value is equal to the second value, the storage address is determined based on the first value, the second offset, and the initial storage medium address; wherein, the second value is the length of the valid data stored in the storage medium during the second time period, and the third value is the total payload length of the multiple Ethernet data frames transmitted during the second time period, the multiple Ethernet data frames including the fourth Ethernet data frame.

[0030] Optionally, the second RRU determines the storage address of the first uplink data packet based on the second offset and the first value, including: when the sum of the first value and the second offset is greater than or equal to the second value, and the sum of the first value and the third value is not equal to the second value, the second RRU determines the storage address of the first uplink data packet based on the second offset, the first value, the second value, and the initial storage medium address; when the sum of the first value and the second offset is less than or equal to the second value, and the sum of the first value and the third value is equal to the second value, the second RRU determines the storage address of the first uplink data packet based on the first value, the second offset, and the initial storage medium address.

[0031] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first offset and the second offset are determined by timing advance and transmission delay.

[0032] For details regarding the beneficial effects not elaborated in the second aspect, please refer to the description in the first aspect, which will not be repeated here.

[0033] Thirdly, a data frame is provided, the data frame including a first field and a second field, the first field being used to indicate the service type of the data packet; the second field being used to indicate a first offset and a second offset, the first offset being used to reassemble the data to be transmitted by the terminal device to obtain first uplink data, and the second offset being used to indicate the storage address of the first uplink data.

[0034] Based on the above scheme, by defining the data frame structure on the BBU transmitting side and the data frame structure on the receiving side, the baseband board in the BBU can handle different services in different service scenarios. This allows the BBU to process baseband data more flexibly and improves system performance.

[0035] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the service type of the data packet includes at least one of the following: remote radio unit (RRU) control, time division duplex (TDD) switching, channel sounding reference signal (SRS) estimation, low-density parity check (LDPC) coding or LDPC decoding, polarization coding or polarization decoding, precoding, and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) decoding.

[0036] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, when the first field is specifically used to indicate that the service type of the data packet is LDPC encoding, the data frame also includes a third field and a fourth field. The third field is used to indicate the LDPC encoding information, and the fourth field is used to indicate the baseband data to be LDPC encoded. The LDPC encoding information includes at least one of the following: transport block size, coding rate, cyclic redundancy check (CRC) type, modulation order, information length, and index configuration. Alternatively, when the first field is specifically used to indicate that the service type of the data packet is LDPC decoding, the data frame also includes a fifth field and a sixth field. The fifth field is used to indicate the LDPC decoding information, and the sixth field is used to indicate the data to be LDPC decoded. The LDPC decoding information includes at least one of the following: basemap (BG) selection, input information length, BG type, number of columns in the basemap of the parity check matrix, and cyclic redundancy check (CRC) type.

[0037] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, when the first field is specifically used to indicate that the service type of the data packet is the polarization coding, the data frame also includes a seventh field and an eighth field. The seventh field is used to indicate polarization coding information, and the eighth field is used to indicate the baseband data to be polarized coded. The polarization coding information includes at least one of the following: code length, code rate, number of information bits, freeze bit, coding matrix indicator, and coding code rate. Alternatively, when the first field is specifically used to indicate that the service type of the data packet is the polarization decoding, the data frame also includes a ninth field and a tenth field. The ninth field is used to indicate polarization decoding information, and the tenth field is used to indicate the data to be polarized coded. The polarization decoding information includes at least one of the following: CRC type, input information length, and input rate matching length.

[0038] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, when the first field is specifically used to indicate that the service type of the data packet is SRS estimation, the data frame also includes an eleventh field and a twelfth field. The eleventh field is used to indicate SRS estimation information, and the twelfth field is used to indicate channel estimation data. The SRS estimation information includes at least one of the following: number of transmit antennas, number of data streams, and number of parallel SRS estimation processes.

[0039] In conjunction with the third aspect, in certain implementations of the third aspect, when the first field is specifically used to indicate that the service type of the data packet is precoding, the received data frame also includes a thirteenth field and a fourteenth field. The thirteenth field is used to indicate precoding information, and the fourteenth field is used to indicate resource element (RE) data and the precoding matrix. The precoding information includes at least one of the following: the number of transmit antennas, the number of transmit antennas, etc.

[0040] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, when the first field is specifically used to indicate that the service type of the data packet is MIMO decoding, the transmitted data frame also includes a fifteenth field and a sixteenth field. The fifteenth field is used to indicate the information of the MIMO decoding, and the sixteenth field is used to indicate the value of the resource element RE data and the channel estimate. The information of the MIMO decoding includes at least one of the following: the number of receive antennas and the number of data streams.

[0041] Fourthly, a communication system is provided, including a network device and a terminal device. The network device includes a first remote radio unit (RRU) and a first baseband processing unit (BBU). The terminal device includes a second RRU and a second BBU. The first RRU and the first BBU are connected via Ethernet, and the second RRU and the second BBU are also connected via Ethernet. The first BBU is configured to generate a first baseband data packet based on an acquired first Ethernet data frame; the first BBU is configured to determine a first time period based on the identifier of the first baseband data packet; the first BBU is configured to send a second Ethernet data frame to the first RRU within the first time period, the second Ethernet data frame carrying a first offset and a second offset; the first RRU is configured to send the first offset and the second offset to the terminal device. The second offset; the second RRU is used to receive the first offset and the second offset, and send a third Ethernet data frame to the second BBU, the third Ethernet data frame being used to carry a second baseband data packet, the second baseband data packet including the first offset and the second offset; the second BBU is used to determine a second time period based on the identifier of the second baseband data packet; the second BBU is used to send a fourth Ethernet data frame to the second RRU within the second time period, the frame header of the fourth Ethernet data frame including the first offset and the second offset; the second RRU is used to send first uplink data based on a storage address, the first uplink data being obtained by reassembling the data to be transmitted by the terminal device based on the first offset, the storage address being determined based on the second offset.

[0042] Optionally, the second BBU is also used to obtain a second baseband data packet based on the received third Ethernet data frame.

[0043] Optionally, the second RRU is also used to obtain the first offset and the second offset based on the received fourth Ethernet data frame.

[0044] Optionally, the second RRU is further configured to reassemble the data to be transmitted by the terminal device according to the first offset to obtain the first uplink data, and is further configured to determine the storage address of the first uplink data according to the second offset.

[0045] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the end time of the first time period is not later than the start time of the first radio frame, which is used to transmit the second Ethernet data frame; the end time of the second time period is not later than the start time of the second radio frame, which is used to transmit the fourth Ethernet data frame.

[0046] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the first BBU includes an automatic distribution system (ADS), a central baseband board, and L baseband boards. The central baseband board is used to determine the first offset and the second offset within a first time period. The ADS is used to schedule the L baseband boards to obtain the first offset and the second offset from the central baseband board within the first time period, where L ≥ 1 and is an integer.

[0047] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the first RRU includes a clock board and a trigger board. The clock board is used to generate a clock signal for clock synchronization of the second Ethernet data frame. The trigger board is used to generate a pulse signal for frame synchronization of the second Ethernet data frame.

[0048] For details regarding the beneficial effects not elaborated in the fourth aspect, please refer to the description in the first aspect; they will not be repeated here.

[0049] Fifthly, a communication apparatus is provided for performing the methods of the first to second aspects and any possible implementation thereof. Specifically, the apparatus may include units and / or modules for performing the methods of the first to second aspects and any possible implementation thereof, such as processing units and / or communication units.

[0050] A sixth aspect provides a communication device comprising: at least one processor configured to cause the device to perform the methods described in the first to second aspects and any possible implementation thereof.

[0051] Optionally, the at least one processor is configured to execute computer programs or instructions to perform the methods described in the first to second aspects and any possible implementation thereof.

[0052] Optionally, the device further includes a memory for storing the computer program or instructions.

[0053] Optionally, the at least one processor is coupled to a memory for storing the computer program or instructions. The memory may be located externally to the device.

[0054] Optionally, the device also includes a communication interface through which the processor reads instructions from memory. This can be understood as the communication interface being coupled to the processor and used to input computer programs or instructions to the processor, or to output information from the processor.

[0055] Unless otherwise specified, or if the transmission and acquisition / reception operations involved do not contradict their actual function or internal logic in the relevant description, they can be understood as output, input, or other operations, or as transmission and reception operations performed by radio frequency circuits and antennas. This application does not limit them in this regard.

[0056] In a seventh aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program (e.g., program code) or instructions are stored, which, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the methods of the first to second aspects and any possible implementation thereof.

[0057] Eighthly, a computer program product containing instructions is provided, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in the first to second aspects and any possible implementation thereof. Attached Figure Description

[0058] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of this application.

[0059] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an ORAN system applicable to embodiments of this application.

[0060] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an access network device applicable to embodiments of this application.

[0061] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a CPRI connection.

[0062] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the eCPRI connection.

[0063] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0064] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of coarse synchronization between a first BBU and a first RRU provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0065] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0066] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a data frame provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0067] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the functions of the baseband board in a BBU under different business scenarios provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0068] Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0069] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0070] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a chip system provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0071] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0072] Before introducing the scheme of this application, the following points should be noted.

[0073] (1) In this application, the expression " / " is used to indicate that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship; for example, A / B can mean: A or B. The expression "and / or" is used to indicate that the objects before and after are in a relationship of either "and" or "or"; for example, A and / or B can mean the following: A exists alone, B exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be single or multiple. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions are used to indicate any combination of the listed items; for example, at least one of A, B and / or C can mean the following: A exists alone, B exists alone, C exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, B and C exist simultaneously, A and C exist simultaneously, A, B and C exist simultaneously, where A, B, and C can be single or multiple.

[0074] (2) In this application, "send" and "receive" indicate the direction of signal transmission. For example, "send information to XX" can be understood as the destination of the information being XX, which may include direct transmission via the air interface or indirect transmission via the air interface by other units or modules. "Receive information from YY" can be understood as the source of the information being YY, which may include direct reception from YY via the air interface or indirect reception from YY via the air interface by other units or modules. "Send" can also be understood as the "output" of the chip interface, and "receive" can also be understood as the "input" of the chip interface. In other words, sending and receiving can occur between devices, such as between network devices and terminal devices, or within a device, such as between components, modules, chips, software modules, or hardware modules within the device via a bus, wiring, or interface.

[0075] (3) In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or logically conflicting, the terms and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0076] (4) In this application, "first," "second," and "#1," "#2," and "#A" are merely for descriptive convenience and are used to distinguish objects, and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. They are not used to describe the order or sequence of features. It should be understood that such described objects can be interchanged where appropriate so as to describe solutions other than those in the embodiments of this application.

[0077] (5) In this application, the words “exemplary,” “for example,” etc., are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as an “example” in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word “example” is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. In the embodiments of this application, “of,” “corresponding, relevant,” and “corresponding” may sometimes be used interchangeably, and it should be noted that their intended meanings are consistent unless their distinction is emphasized.

[0078] (6) In this application, "instruction" can include direct instruction, indirect instruction, explicit instruction, implicit instruction, etc. When describing an instruction information as indicating A, it can be understood as the instruction information carrying A, carrying the identifier of A, carrying B which is associated with A, carrying the identifier of B which is associated with A, etc. In other words, if the receiving side of an instruction information can determine A based on the instruction information, it can be described as the instruction information indicating A, and the specific method of determination is not limited. When it is understood that the instruction information carries A, "instruction" can be replaced with "includes". In this case, expressions such as "send / receive instruction information, the instruction information indicates A" can be replaced with "send / receive A".

[0079] In this application, the information indicated by the instruction information is called the information to be instructed. In specific implementations, there are many ways to indicate the information to be instructed, such as, but not limited to, directly indicating the information to be instructed, such as the information to be instructed itself or its index. It can also indirectly indicate the information to be instructed by indicating other information, where there is a relationship between the other information and the information to be instructed. It can also indicate only a part of the information to be instructed, while the other parts are known or pre-agreed upon. For example, the instruction of specific information can be achieved by using a pre-agreed (e.g., protocol-defined) arrangement of various pieces of information, thereby reducing instruction overhead to some extent. Furthermore, the information to be instructed can be sent as a whole or divided into multiple sub-information pieces, and the sending period and / or timing of these sub-information pieces can be the same or different.

[0080] The following describes the communication system to which this application applies.

[0081] The technical solutions provided in this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as 5th generation (5G) or new radio (NR) systems, long term evolution (LTE) systems, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, and LTE time division duplex (TDD) systems. The technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to future communication networks. Furthermore, the technical solutions provided in this application can be applied to device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), and Internet of Things (IoT) communication systems. The technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to non-terrestrial network (NTN) systems such as inter-satellite communication and satellite communication.

[0082] As an example, a satellite communication system includes a satellite base station and terminal equipment. The satellite base station provides communication services to the terminal equipment. Satellite base stations can also communicate with each other. A satellite can act as a base station or as a terminal device. Here, "satellite" can refer to drones, hot air balloons, low-Earth orbit satellites, medium-Earth orbit satellites, high-Earth orbit satellites, etc. "Satellite" can also refer to non-terrestrial base stations or non-terrestrial equipment.

[0083] As an example, V2X communication can include: vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication, vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) communication, and vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication.

[0084] In a communication system, a device can send signals to or receive signals from another device. These signals can include information, signaling, or data. The device can also be replaced by an entity, network entity, communication equipment, communication module, node, communication node, etc. This application uses a device as an example for description.

[0085] The terminal device in this application embodiment can be a device or module that accesses the aforementioned communication system and has corresponding communication functions. The terminal device can include various devices with wireless communication capabilities, which can be used to connect people, objects, machines, etc. The terminal device can be widely applied in various scenarios, such as: cellular communication, D2D, V2X, peer-to-peer (P2P), M2M, MTC, IoT, virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grids, smart furniture, smart offices, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart cities, drones, robots, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery, etc. The terminal device can be a terminal in any of the above scenarios, such as an MTC terminal, an IoT terminal, etc. Terminal equipment can be user equipment (UE), terminal, fixed equipment, mobile station equipment or mobile equipment, subscriber unit, handheld device, vehicle-mounted equipment, wearable device, cellular phone, smartphone, session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, wireless data card, personal digital assistant (PDA), computer, tablet computer, laptop computer, wireless modem, handset, laptop computer, computer with wireless transceiver capability, smart book, vehicle, satellite, global positioning system (GPS) device, target tracking device, aircraft (e.g., drone, helicopter, multiple helicopters, four helicopters, or airplanes), ship, remote control device, smart home device, industrial equipment, transportation vehicle with wireless communication capability, communication module, or roadside unit with terminal function, all conforming to the 3GPP standard. The device may be a wireless communication unit (RSU), or a device built into the aforementioned device (e.g., a communication module, modem, or chip in the aforementioned device), or other processing devices connected to the wireless modem.

[0086] It should be understood that in certain scenarios, a UE can also be used as a base station. For example, a UE can act as a scheduling entity, providing sidelink signaling between UEs in scenarios such as V2X, D2D, or P2P.

[0087] In this embodiment, the device for implementing the functions of a terminal device, i.e., the terminal device, can be the terminal device itself, or it can be any device capable of supporting the terminal device in implementing the functions, such as a chip system, chip, circuit, or communication module (i.e., a communication module that performs communication functions). This device can be installed in the terminal device. In this embodiment, the chip system can be composed of chips, or it can include chips and other discrete devices. Furthermore, the device can also be configured with program instructions for performing corresponding communication functions.

[0088] The network device in this application embodiment can be a device or module with corresponding communication functions. The network device can be a device used to communicate with terminal devices; it can also be called an access network device or a wireless access network device, such as a base station. In this application embodiment, the network device can refer to a radio access network (RAN) node (or device) that connects the terminal device to the wireless network. A base station can broadly encompass, or be replaced by, various names including: NodeB, evolved NodeB (eNB), next-generation NodeB (gNB), relay station, access point, transmitting and receiving point (TRP), transmitter, master station, auxiliary station, multiple standard radio (MSR) node, home base station, network controller, access node, wireless node, access point (AP), transmission node, transceiver node, baseband unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), central unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), positioning node, etc. A base station can be a macro base station, micro base station, relay node, donor node, or similar, or a combination thereof. A base station can also refer to a communication module, modem, or chip installed within the aforementioned equipment or apparatus. A base station can also be a mobile switching center, a device that performs base station functions in D2D, V2X, and M2M communications, or a device that performs base station functions in future communication systems. A base station can support networks using the same or different access technologies. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technologies or device forms used in the network equipment.

[0089] Base stations can be fixed or mobile. For example, a helicopter or drone can be configured to act as a mobile base station, and one or more cells can move depending on the location of the mobile base station. In other examples, a helicopter or drone can be configured as a device to communicate with another base station.

[0090] In some deployments, the network devices mentioned in the embodiments of this application may be devices including CU, or DU, or devices including CU and DU, or devices with control plane CU nodes (central unit-control plane (CU-CP)) and user plane CU nodes (central unit-user plane (CU-UP)) and DU nodes.

[0091] In some deployments, multiple RAN nodes collaborate to assist terminal devices in achieving wireless access, with different RAN nodes each implementing some of the base station's functions. For example, RAN nodes can be CUs, DUs, CU-CPs, CU-UPs, or radio units (RUs). CUs and DUs can be configured separately or included in the same network element, such as a BBU. RUs can be included in radio equipment or radio units, such as RRUs, AAUs, or RRHs.

[0092] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, a radio access network can also be an open radio access network (O-RAN or ORAN) architecture. In an O-RAN system, CU can also be called an open CU (open CU, O-CU), DU can also be called an open DU (open DU, O-DU), CU-CP can also be called an open CU-CP (O-CU-CP), CU-UP can also be called an open CU-UP (O-CU-UP), and RU can also be called an open RU (open RU, O-RU). Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software modules and hardware modules.

[0093] In this embodiment, the device for implementing the functions of a network device can be a network device itself, or a device capable of supporting the network device in implementing those functions, such as a chip system, chip, circuit, or communication module (i.e., a communication module that performs communication functions). This device can be installed within the network device. In this embodiment, the chip system can be composed of chips, or it can include chips and other discrete devices. Furthermore, the device can be configured with program instructions for performing corresponding communication functions. This embodiment only uses a network device as an example to illustrate the device for implementing the functions of a network device, and does not limit the solution of this embodiment.

[0094] Network devices and terminal devices can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; and they can also be deployed in the air on airplanes, balloons, and satellites. This application does not limit the scenario in which the network devices and terminal devices are located.

[0095] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system 100 applicable to embodiments of this application. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the wireless communication system includes a wireless access network 100. The wireless access network 100 can be a future or later version of the wireless access network, or a traditional (e.g., 5G, 4G, 3G, or 2G) wireless access network. One or more terminal devices (120a-120j, collectively referred to as 120) can be interconnected or connected to one or more network devices (110a, 110b, collectively referred to as 110) within the wireless access network 100. Network elements in the wireless communication system are connected via interfaces (e.g., NG, Xn) or over-the-air interfaces.

[0096] When network devices and terminal devices communicate, the network device can manage one or more cells, and a cell can include at least one terminal device. A cell can be understood as an area within the wireless signal coverage range of the network device.

[0097] Figure 1 This is just an illustration; the wireless communication system may also include other devices, such as core network equipment, wireless relay equipment, and / or wireless backhaul equipment. Figure 1 It is not shown in the middle.

[0098] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an ORAN system applicable to embodiments of this application. The ORAN system includes a core network, access network equipment, and a UE. As an example, the ORAN system may also include... Figure 2 Other components besides those shown are not specifically limited in this application.

[0099] Access network equipment can communicate with the core network (CN) via a backhaul link. Access network equipment can also communicate with the UE via an air interface. Specifically, the BBU in the access network equipment communicates with the core network via a backhaul link. The RU in the access network equipment communicates with at least one UE via an air interface. The BBU communicates with at least one RU via a fronthaul link; the BBU and RU may or may not be co-located. A BBU includes at least one CU and at least one DU, and the CU and DU can communicate via at least one midhaul link.

[0100] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an access network device applicable to embodiments of this application.

[0101] Optionally, the access network equipment includes a CU. The CU is a logical node that carries the radio resource control (RRC), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, and other control functions of the access network equipment. The CU can connect to network nodes such as the core network through interfaces, such as the E2 interface. The CU may have some core network functions. The CU (e.g., the PDCP layer and / or higher) connects to the DU (e.g., the radio link control (RLC) layer and lower layers of the DU) through interfaces, such as the F1 interface. Optionally, the F1 interface can provide control plane (C-Plane) and user plane (U-Plane) functions (e.g., interface management, system information management, UE context management, RRC message transmission, etc.). F1AP is the application protocol of the F1 interface, defining the signaling procedures of F1 in some examples. The F1 interface supports control plane F1-C and user plane F1-U.

[0102] As an example, a CU includes CU-CP and CU-UP. CU-CP is a logical node carrying the control plane (PDCP-C) layer, which carries the RRC layer and the Packet Data Convergence Protocol layer, and is used to implement the CU's control plane functions. CU-CP can interact with network elements in the core network used to implement control plane functions. These network elements in the core network can be access and mobility function (AMF) network elements, such as the access and mobility management function (AMF) in a 5G system. The AMF network element is responsible for mobility management in the mobile network, such as terminal device location updates, terminal device registration with the network, and terminal device handover. CU-UP is a logical node carrying the user plane (PDCP-U) layer, which carries the SDAP layer and the Packet Data Convergence Protocol layer, and is used to implement the CU's user plane functions. CU-UP can interact with network elements in the core network used to implement user plane functions. These network elements in the core network, such as the user plane function (UPF) in a 5G system, are responsible for data forwarding and receiving in terminal devices. The above CU and DU configurations are merely examples. In practical applications, the functions of the CU and DU can be configured as needed. For instance, the CU or DU can be configured to have more protocol layer functions, or to have only some protocol layer processing functions. For example, some RLC layer functions and protocol layer functions above the RLC layer can be placed in the CU, while the remaining RLC layer functions and protocol layer functions below the RLC layer can be placed in the DU. Furthermore, the functions of the CU or DU can be divided according to service type or other system requirements. For example, based on latency, functions that require low latency can be placed in the DU, while functions that do not require low latency can be placed in the CU.

[0103] Optionally, the access network equipment includes a DU. For example... Figure 3 As shown, a DU is a logical node that carries the RLC layer, medium access control (MAC) layer, higher physical layer (Higher PHY) layer, and other functions. In some examples, a DU can control at least one RU. The DU connects to the RU through interfaces, which can be fronthaul interfaces. In some examples, the Higher PHY layer includes the PHY layer processing, such as forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation, and demodulation.

[0104] Optionally, the access network equipment includes a RU. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the RU is a logical node that carries both lower physical layer (PHY) and radio frequency (RF) processing. In some examples, the RU can be a 3GPP transmission reception point (TRP), a remote radiohead (RRH), or other similar entities. In some examples, the Low-PHY includes PHY processing functions such as fast fourier transform (FFT), inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT), digital beamforming, and filtering. The RU communicates with one or more UEs via a radio link.

[0105] The DU and RU can be co-located or not. The DU and RU exchange control plane and user plane information via a fronthaul link through a lower-layer split CUS-plane (LLS-CUS) interface. The LLS-CUS may include a lower-layer split control (LLS-C) interface providing the control plane (C-Plane) and a lower-layer split user (LLS-U) interface, respectively. In some examples, the control plane (C-Plane) refers to real-time control between the DU and RU. The DU and RU exchange management information via an LLS-M interface on the fronthaul link; the management plane (M-Plane) refers to non-real-time management operations between the DU and RU.

[0106] DU and RU can cooperate to implement the functions of the PHY layer. A DU can be connected to one or more RUs. The functions of DU and RU can be configured in various ways depending on the design. For example, a DU can be configured to implement baseband functions, and an RU can be configured to implement mid-RF functions. Another example is that a DU can be configured to implement higher-level functions in the PHY layer, and an RU can be configured to implement lower-level functions in the PHY layer, or to implement both lower-level and RF functions. Higher-level functions in the physical layer can include a portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the MAC layer, while lower-level functions in the physical layer can include another portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the mid-RF side.

[0107] The above Figures 1 to 3For illustrative purposes only, the embodiments described in this application are not limited thereto.

[0108] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the terms used in this application will be briefly explained.

[0109] 1. CPRI

[0110] CPRI is a standardized protocol for data transmission between BBU and RRU. It is a commonly used interface for digitally continuous internal wireless base stations, located between radio equipment control (REC) and radio equipment (RE), and between two REs. The CPRI protocol defines two layers: the physical layer (L1) and the data link layer (L2). L2 layer data mainly includes user plane data, synchronization data, and control and management data. CPRI frame formats include: basic frames: each basic frame consists of 16 words, where the first word is a control word, and the remaining 15 words are used to transmit user plane IQ data; hyperframes: each hyperframe consists of 256 basic frames; 10ms frames: each 10ms frame consists of 150 hyperframes, used for synchronization alignment. Each data frame contains control channel, user data, and monitoring information. Figure 4 As shown, the CPRI protocol specifies user plane data, control & management (C&M) plane data, and synchronization plane data. The user plane data, control & management (C&M) plane data, and synchronization plane data are respectively denoted as SAP. IQ SAP S SAP CM SAP stands for Service Access Point. REC and RE are connected via CPRI.

[0111] 2. eCPRI

[0112] eCPRI is a commonly used interface for digitally continuous internal wireless base stations located between eREC and eRE. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the eCPRI protocol specifies user plane data, control & management plane data, and synchronization plane data. The user plane data, control & management plane data, and synchronization plane data are defined by SAP... U SAP SSAP CM Both eREC and eRE include eCPRI and a standard protocol layer. A transport network is formed between the transport network layers in eREC and eRE. The BBU data portion has been redefined compared to CPRI. Specifically, the data transmission nodes between the BBU and RRU are moved upwards, reducing the BBU's data processing load and thus decreasing the transmission bandwidth between the BBU and RRU, but increasing the processing complexity of the RRU. eCPRI clock synchronization is also relatively strict, requiring IEEE 1588 or a compatible clock to achieve clock synchronization between the RRU and BBU.

[0113] exist Figure 4 and Figure 5 In MIMO systems, when BBUs and RRUs are linked via CPRI or eCPRI, master-slave synchronization is always required. This is achieved through clock synchronization or clock-based synchronization to ensure precise alignment of 10ms data frames, guaranteeing consistent transmission and reception times and preventing data loss or misalignment. Furthermore, in MIMO systems, precise time synchronization between different antennas is essential for collaborative operation. Clock synchronization ensures efficient operation of multi-antenna systems and improves communication performance; however, BBU and RRU clock synchronization places high demands on hardware and maintenance costs. In some scenarios, additional bandwidth is required to transmit synchronization plane data, and clock-based synchronization reduces the flexibility of base station deployment. Moreover, the CPRI and eCPRI protocols specify transmission rates between 614.4Mbps and 24.3Gbps. For massive MIMO scenarios, this throughput is insufficient. Achieving Tbps-level transmission with 1024 antennas would result in an excessive number of CPRI / eCPRI fibers, making the system overly complex and large, and potentially leading to congestion risks under high load. Furthermore, since the existing CPRI / eCPRI transmission is based on a fixed frame format of in-phase quadrature data (also known as IQ data), it affects the flexibility of hardware and software collaboration when building a large-scale baseband pool.

[0114] In view of this, this application provides a communication method, data frame, communication system, and communication device. It connects the BBU and RRU via an Ethernet interface, achieving flexible frame synchronization between the BBU and RRU without requiring strict timing alignment, while ensuring internal synchronization within the RRU. This is achieved by identifying the data packets transmitted by the RRU. Simultaneously, the storage medium address offset and IQ offset obtained by the BBU in the network device are transmitted to the terminal device via downlink data transmission. This allows the terminal device to use the IQ address offset to determine the reassembled uplink data to be transmitted and the storage medium address offset to determine the address of the reassembled uplink data to be transmitted, thereby achieving air interface data alignment between the network device and the terminal device.

[0115] The communication method, data frame, communication system, and communication device provided in this application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0116] For ease of description, combined with Figure 6 The illustration uses network devices and terminal devices as examples of the entities executing the interaction, but this application does not limit the entities executing the interaction. For example, the method executed by the network device in this application can also be implemented by modules (such as circuits, chips, or chip systems) in the network device, or by logical nodes, logical modules, or software that can implement all or part of the network functions; the method executed by the terminal device in this application can also be implemented by the communication module in the terminal device or by circuits or chips (such as modem chips (also known as baseband chips), or SoC chips containing modem cores, or SIP chips) in the terminal device that are responsible for communication functions.

[0117] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a communication method 600 provided in an embodiment of this application. The network device includes a first RRU and a first BBU, and the terminal device includes a second RRU and a second BBU. The first RRU and the first BBU are connected via Ethernet, and the second RRU and the second BBU are connected via Ethernet.

[0118] For example, the first RRU and the first BBU are connected via Ethernet, and the second RRU and the second BBU are connected via Ethernet. This can be understood as the first RRU and the first BBU being connected via an Ethernet interface, and the second RRU and the second BBU being connected via an Ethernet interface. The Ethernet interface is a 100 Gigabit Ethernet (GE) interface, and the connection medium is radio-over-fiber (ROF).

[0119] like Figure 6 As shown, method 600 includes the following steps.

[0120] S601, the first BBU generates a first baseband data packet based on the acquired first Ethernet data frame.

[0121] The first Ethernet data frame can be obtained by the first RRU encapsulating the baseband data packet #A. The baseband data packet #A is generated from the radio frequency data #A acquired by the first RRU and then sent to the first BBU. The first BBU then parses the acquired first Ethernet data frame to obtain the aforementioned baseband data packet #A, and further generates a first baseband data packet based on the baseband data packet #A.

[0122] For example, the first Ethernet data frame includes a field for identifying the first baseband data packet. The first Ethernet data frame can also be considered as a received data frame of the first BBU; the structure of the first Ethernet data frame can be seen in the following description. Figure 9 The description will not be repeated here.

[0123] S602, the first BBU determines the first time period based on the identifier of the first baseband data packet.

[0124] Optionally, the end time of the first time period is no later than the start time of the first radio frame, which is used to transmit the second Ethernet data frame.

[0125] For example, if the first Ethernet data frame carries the identifier of the first baseband data packet, then after receiving the first Ethernet data frame, the first BBU parses or decodes the identifier of the first baseband data packet; for example, by removing the frame header from the first Ethernet data frame, the identifier of the first baseband data packet can be obtained. Based on the identifier of the first baseband data packet, the first BBU can determine a first time period, the end time of which is no later than the start time of the first radio frame. Thus, the first BBU can process the data to be transmitted within the first time period and send the data to be transmitted to the first RRU within the first radio frame. Specifically, the first BBU determining the first time period based on the identifier of the first baseband data packet can be understood as the first BBU performing a coarse synchronization judgment based on the identifier of the first baseband data packet. That is, the first BBU can determine which baseband data packet the first RRU is currently sending based on the identifier of the first baseband data packet, making a rough judgment on when the data to be transmitted will begin, so as to send the processed data to be transmitted to the first RRU no later than the start time of the first radio frame. For example, assuming the number of data packets transmitted between the first RRU and the first BBU is C, and the identifier of the first baseband data packet is 0 at this time, then the first time period can start from this moment. Alternatively, if the identifier of the first baseband data packet is C-1 at this time, then the end time of the first time period is before the moment the first baseband data packet is received, that is, before the start of the first radio frame.

[0126] It should be noted that the first RRU includes multiple first intermediate frequency boards, a clock board, a trigger board, and a first control board, wherein the multiple first intermediate frequency boards include a first main intermediate frequency board. Before the first RRU sends the first Ethernet data frame to the first BBU, the clock board generates a clock signal, which is used to clock synchronize the first Ethernet data frame, and the trigger board generates a pulse signal, which is used to frame synchronize the first Ethernet data frame.

[0127] For example, after the clock board generates a clock signal, the first main intermediate frequency board controls the clock board to send the clock signal to each of the first intermediate frequency boards. The clock signal aligns the clock frequency and phase of each of the multiple first intermediate frequency boards, thereby enabling the clock synchronization of each of the multiple first intermediate frequency boards in processing Ethernet data frames, thus achieving clock synchronization of the first Ethernet data frames. This process can also be understood as achieving absolute clock synchronization among the multiple first intermediate frequency boards in the first RRU.

[0128] For example, after the trigger board generates a trigger signal, assuming the trigger signal is a 10ms pulse signal, the first main intermediate frequency board controls the trigger board to send the trigger signal to each first intermediate frequency board. The trigger signal causes the other first intermediate frequency boards, except the first main intermediate frequency board, to synchronize with the first main intermediate frequency board every 10ms, thereby aligning the Ethernet data frames sent by each of the multiple first intermediate frequency boards within 10ms, thus achieving frame synchronization of the first Ethernet data frames.

[0129] For example, the first control board generates a first control signal for adjusting the voltage, temperature, and fan in the first RRU.

[0130] S603, the first BBU sends a second Ethernet data frame to the first RRU.

[0131] Correspondingly, the first RRU receives the second Ethernet data frame from the first BBU.

[0132] Specifically, the first BBU sends a second Ethernet data frame to the first RRU within the first time period. The second Ethernet data frame can be obtained by the first BBU performing Ethernet encapsulation on the baseband data packet #B.

[0133] The second Ethernet data frame carries a first offset and a second offset. The first offset is used to reassemble the data to be transmitted by the terminal device to obtain the first uplink data, and the second offset is used to indicate the storage address of the first uplink data.

[0134] The structure of the second Ethernet data frame can be found below. Figure 9 The description will not be repeated here.

[0135] Optionally, before the first BBU sends the second Ethernet data frame to the first RRU within the first time period, the method 600 further includes the following steps.

[0136] S603a, the first BBU determines the first offset and the second offset within the first time period.

[0137] The first offset can be called the IQ offset, and the second offset can be called the storage medium address offset.

[0138] For example, after determining the first time period, the first BBU will preprocess the data to be transmitted and determine the first offset and the second offset within the first time period in order to further generate the second Ethernet data frame.

[0139] For example, the first BBU determines a first offset and a second offset within a first time period, including: the first BBU determining a timing advance (TA) and a transmission delay within the first time period; and the first BBU determining the first offset and the second offset based on the timing advance and the transmission delay. Specifically, the transmission delay is denoted as d. e Then the first offset (also known as the IQ offset) satisfies:

[0140] IQ offset =(TA+d) e )%(W eth / W iq )

[0141] Among them, IQ offset W represents the first offset. eth W is the data bit width of the second Ethernet data frame. iq The effective IQ data bit width in the second Ethernet data frame, % indicates modulo.

[0142] The second offset (also known as the storage medium address offset) satisfies:

[0143] SM offset =(TA+d) e ) / (W eth / W iq )

[0144] Among them, SM offset This indicates the second offset.

[0145] In this application, the transmission time (TA) and transmission delay can be obtained by detecting the physical random access channel (PRACH). The implementation of obtaining the TA and transmission delay by detecting the PRACH can be found in the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

[0146] Optionally, the first BBU includes an automatic distribution system (ADS), a central baseband board (BB board), and L baseband boards. The first BBU determines the first offset and the second offset within the first time period, including: the central baseband board determining the first offset and the second offset within the first time period; and the ADS scheduling the L baseband boards to obtain the first offset and the second offset from the central baseband board within the first time period, where L ≥ 1 and is an integer.

[0147] The ADS is located in the first switch, which communicates with the central baseband board and L baseband boards via optical fiber.

[0148] For example, the central baseband board can preprocess the acquired baseband data packets, and can also schedule the L baseband boards through the ADS to preprocess baseband data packet #A. The central baseband board can be understood as the central node of the ADS. For example, the central baseband board can modulate or demodulate baseband data packets, perform MIMO decoding, and also perform precoding, channel estimation and compensation, low-density parity check (LDPC) encoding and decoding, and polar code encoding and decoding.

[0149] It is understandable that after the central baseband board determines the first offset and the second offset, it can use ADS to schedule the division of labor and data processing among the various baseband boards. In this way, the remaining L baseband boards can also obtain the first offset and the second offset. Then, when obtaining the corresponding Ethernet data frame based on the baseband data packet, the Ethernet data frame will carry the first offset and the second offset.

[0150] It should be noted that the first RRU also includes multiple first radio frequency boards. Each of these first radio frequency boards parses the acquired Ethernet data frames to obtain the baseband data packets carried in the Ethernet data. For example, the first main radio frequency board parses the acquired second Ethernet data frame to obtain the baseband data packet #B carried in the second Ethernet data frame, and then converts the baseband data packet #B into a radio frequency data packet #A and sends it out. When the first RRU sends the radio frequency data packet #A to the second RRU, this radio frequency data packet #A can also be called an air interface data packet #A or a downlink data packet #A. At this time, the air interface data packet #A or the downlink data packet #A includes the aforementioned first offset and second offset.

[0151] It should also be noted that each baseband board (including the central baseband board) in the first BBU sends multiple baseband data packets, and each baseband data packet, after processing, yields a corresponding Ethernet data frame. Each intermediate frequency board in the first RRU receives multiple Ethernet data frames, and each Ethernet data frame, after processing, yields a corresponding radio frequency data packet. In this embodiment, the description is based on a specific Ethernet data frame received or sent by the first RRU, or a specific Ethernet data frame received or sent by the first BBU. For example, a first Ethernet data frame received by the first BBU, and a second Ethernet data frame received by the first RRU. The same operations described above can be performed on each Ethernet data frame received or sent by the first BBU or the first RRU.

[0152] S604, the first RRU sends the first offset and the second offset to the second RRU.

[0153] Correspondingly, the second RRU receives the first offset and the second offset from the first RRU.

[0154] For example, when the first RRU sends a first offset and a second offset to the second RRU, it can be understood that the first RRU sends a downlink data packet to the second RRU, and the downlink data packet includes the first offset and the second offset.

[0155] It is understandable that the first RRU sends the first offset and the second offset to the second RRU, which can be understood as the first RRU sending the first offset and the second offset to the terminal device.

[0156] Before the first RRU sends the first offset and the second offset to the second RRU, the method 600 further includes: a clock board generating a clock signal for clock synchronization of the second Ethernet data frame; and a trigger board generating a pulse signal for frame synchronization of the second Ethernet data frame.

[0157] In this way, the multiple Ethernet data frames received by the first RRU are clock-synchronized. Alternatively, it can be considered that the first RRU achieves absolute clock synchronization among the received multiple Ethernet data frames through a clock board and a trigger board. These multiple Ethernet data frames include the second Ethernet data frame, which is generated by the first BBU after processing multiple baseband data packets sent. The details regarding the first RRU achieving absolute clock synchronization among the received multiple Ethernet data frames through the clock board and trigger board can be found in step S602 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0158] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram illustrating coarse synchronization between a first BBU and a first RRU, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As shown, the first main intermediate frequency board and other first intermediate frequency boards achieve clock synchronization and 10ms wireless frame synchronization through clock signals and trigger signals. Assuming the length of the wireless frame is 10ms, meaning the transmission period of the wireless frame is 10ms, for example, if the first RRU sends data to the first BBU within a 10ms frame (also called the first wireless frame), then the first BBU processes the data to be transmitted before the next 10ms frame arrives through the central baseband board, and uses ADS to schedule the other L baseband boards to obtain the data to be transmitted from the central baseband board, perform preprocessing, and send it to the first RRU.

[0159] like Figure 7 As shown, multiple first intermediate frequency (IF) boards are synchronized within each 10ms radio frame. That is, each IF board transmits data within the same 10ms radio frame. For example, if the first main IF board transmits an Ethernet data frame in the 0th 10ms radio frame, then the other IF boards will also transmit Ethernet data frames in the 0th 10ms radio frame; and so on. If the first main IF board transmits an Ethernet data frame in the 3rd 10ms radio frame, then the other IF boards will also transmit Ethernet data frames in the 3rd 10ms radio frame. Furthermore, the Ethernet data frames transmitted by the multiple IF boards are aligned with the air interface within 10ms radio frames.

[0160] Assuming that each of the first intermediate frequency boards of the first RRU transmits M Ethernet data frames, including the aforementioned first Ethernet data frames, then each of the M Ethernet data frames received by the central baseband board of the first BBU carries an identifier for a baseband data packet. For example, if the central baseband board of the first BBU receives the m-th Ethernet data frame, then the identifier of the m-th baseband data packet carried by the m-th Ethernet data frame is denoted as m. Based on m, the central baseband board of the first BBU can determine a first time period. The specific range of this first time period can be determined based on the actual data processing speed and capability of the first BBU. When the first BBU receives the (M-1)-th Ethernet data frame, the first BBU considers the 10ms radio frame to have ended.

[0161] like Figure 7 As shown, when the central baseband board receives the Mm-th Ethernet data packet, it determines the first time period ( Figure 7(The shaded area in the middle) Then, the ADS schedules baseband board 0 and baseband board 1 to preprocess the baseband data within the first time period, and sends it to the first RRU after processing. For example, baseband board 0 performs baseband data preprocessing within the first time period, and the end time of this first time period is before the end time of the 0th 10ms radio frame. Thus, within the 0th 10ms, baseband board 1 can transmit the generated Ethernet data frame to the first RRU. As another example, baseband board 1 performs baseband data preprocessing within the first time period, and the end time of this first time period is before the start time of the 0th 10ms radio frame. Thus, within the 0th 10ms, baseband board 1 can transmit the generated Ethernet data frame to the first RRU.

[0162] S605, the second RRU sends a third Ethernet data frame to the second BBU.

[0163] Correspondingly, the second BBU receives the third Ethernet data frame from the second RRU.

[0164] The third Ethernet data frame is used to carry the second baseband data packet, which includes the first offset and the second offset.

[0165] For example, the third Ethernet data frame can be an Ethernet data frame obtained by the second RRU performing Ethernet encapsulation on the second baseband data packet.

[0166] For example, the second RRU includes multiple second intermediate frequency boards, a second control board, and a second radio frequency board. In this case, clock synchronization and frame synchronization between the multiple second intermediate frequency boards are achieved through a shared clock source. The second control board generates a first control signal, which is used to adjust the voltage, temperature, and fan in the second RRU. The second radio frequency board is used to convert second baseband data packets into radio frequency data packets.

[0167] S606, the second BBU determines the second time period based on the identifier of the second baseband data packet.

[0168] Optionally, the end time of the second time period is no later than the start time of the second radio frame, which is used to transmit the fourth Ethernet data frame.

[0169] The detailed description of how the second BBU determines the second time period based on the identifier of the second baseband data packet can be found in the description of step S602 above. It is only necessary to replace the identifier of the first baseband data packet with the identifier of the second baseband data packet and the first time period with the second time period. It will not be elaborated here.

[0170] For example, the third Ethernet data frame includes a field for identifying the second baseband data packet. The structure of the third Ethernet data frame can be seen below. Figure 9 The description will not be repeated here.

[0171] Optionally, before the second BBU determines the second time period based on the identifier of the second baseband data packet, the method 600 further includes the following steps.

[0172] S606a and the second BBU obtain the second baseband data packet based on the received third Ethernet data frame.

[0173] For example, after receiving the third Ethernet data frame, the second BBU parses the third Ethernet data frame to obtain the second baseband data packet.

[0174] S607, the second BBU sends the fourth Ethernet data frame to the second RRU.

[0175] Correspondingly, the second RRU receives the fourth Ethernet data frame from the second BBU.

[0176] Specifically, the second BBU sends a fourth Ethernet data frame to the second RRU during the second time period. The fourth Ethernet data frame can be obtained by the second BBU performing Ethernet encapsulation on the third baseband data packet.

[0177] The header of the fourth Ethernet data frame includes the first offset and the second offset mentioned above. That is, after the second BBU obtains the first offset and the second offset from the second RRU, it will use the first offset and the second offset as the header of the fourth Ethernet data frame.

[0178] For information on the structure of the fourth Ethernet data frame, please refer to the following text. Figure 9 The description will not be repeated here.

[0179] Optionally, the second BBU includes a second switch and multiple baseband boards; wherein the second switch communicates with the multiple baseband boards via optical fiber.

[0180] S608, the second RRU sends the first uplink data to the first RRU.

[0181] Correspondingly, the first RRU receives the first uplink data from the second RRU.

[0182] Specifically, the second RRU sends first uplink data to the first RRU based on the storage address. The first uplink data is obtained by reassembling the uplink data to be transmitted by the terminal device based on the first offset. The storage address is determined based on the second offset.

[0183] For example, the second RRU sends multiple uplink data to the network device, and sends them according to the storage address corresponding to each uplink data. The multiple uplink data includes the first uplink data.

[0184] Optionally, before the second RRU sends uplink data to the first RRU, the method 600 further includes the following steps.

[0185] S608a and the second RRU obtain the first offset and the second offset based on the received fourth Ethernet data frame.

[0186] For example, the second RRU parses the fourth Ethernet data frame and obtains the first offset and the second offset from the frame header.

[0187] S608b: The second RRU reassembles the data to be transmitted by the terminal device according to the first offset to obtain the first uplink data.

[0188] The data to be transmitted by the terminal device can be one of multiple baseband data included in the third baseband data packet carried by the fourth Ethernet data frame. In other words, the second RRU will reassemble the multiple baseband data included in the third baseband data packet carried in the received fourth Ethernet data frame.

[0189] Optionally, the first uplink data is obtained by reassembling the data to be transmitted by the terminal device based on the first offset, the data bit width of the fourth Ethernet data frame, and the effective IQ data bit width in the fourth Ethernet data frame.

[0190] For example, the second RRU reassembles the data to be transmitted by the terminal device according to the first offset, including: the second RRU reassembles the data to be transmitted by the terminal device according to the first offset, the data bit width of the fourth Ethernet data frame and the valid IQ data bit width in the fourth Ethernet data frame.

[0191] For ease of description, the following description uses the data to be transmitted by the terminal device as the second uplink data as an example. For instance, if the second RRU receives Q Ethernet data frames, these Q Ethernet data frames correspond one-to-one with Q baseband data packets; that is, each of the Q Ethernet data frames carries a corresponding baseband data packet. These Q Ethernet data frames include a fourth Ethernet data frame, and these Q baseband data packets include a third baseband data packet. The Q baseband data packets can also be referred to as Q uplink data packets. The Q uplink data packets include a first uplink data packet, which includes N uplink data packets, and these N uplink data packets include the second uplink data. For ease of description, the following description uses the first uplink data packet carried in the fourth Ethernet data frame and the N uplink data packets included in the first uplink data packet as examples.

[0192] If these N uplink data points are shifted to the left, for example, the second uplink data point is shifted to the left, and this second uplink data point is denoted as the nth uplink data point. Then, based on the first offset, when reassembling the second uplink data point, the reassembled first uplink data point satisfies:

[0193] D rf ={D ethn [W iq *((W eth / W iq )-IQ offset -1):0],D eth(n-1) [W eth -1:W iq *((W eth / W iq )-IQ offset )]}

[0194] Among them, D rf For the first uplink data, D ethn For the second uplink data, D eth(n-1) The leftmost element of the second upstream data in N upstream data streams.

[0195] If these N uplink data points are offset to the right, for example, the second uplink data point is offset to the right, and this second uplink data point is denoted as the nth uplink data point. Then, based on the first offset, when reassembling the second uplink data point, the reassembled first uplink data point satisfies:

[0196] D rf ={D ethn [W iq *((W eth / W iq )-IQ offset -1):0],D eth(n+1) [W eth -1:W iq *((W eth / W iq )-IQ offset )]}

[0197] Among them, D rf For the first uplink data, D ethn For the second uplink data, D eth(n+1) It refers to the next data point to the right of the second next data point out of N next data points.

[0198] It should be noted that the above description uses N uplink data points as an example. These N uplink data points are the data included in the first uplink data packet (or the third baseband data packet). These N uplink data points correspond one-to-one with N indices; that is, each uplink data point corresponds to one index, which can also be called a number. For example, if each of the Q baseband data packets includes N baseband data points, then the data transmitted in the second radio frame (i.e., a radio frame with a length of 10ms) totals Q*N-1. Each data point in these Q*N-1 data points corresponds to an index from 0 to Q*N-1.

[0199] S608c and the second RRU determine the storage address of the first uplink data based on the second offset.

[0200] Optionally, the storage address is determined based on the second offset and a first value, where the first value is the index of each data in the third baseband packet carried by the fourth Ethernet data frame.

[0201] For example, the second RRU determines the storage address of the first uplink data based on the second offset, including: the second RRU determines the storage address of the first uplink data based on the second offset and the first value.

[0202] In one implementation, when the sum of the first value and the second offset is greater than or equal to the second value, and the sum of the first value and the third value is not equal to the second value, the storage address is determined based on the second offset, the first value, the second value, and the initial storage medium address; wherein the second value is the length of the valid data stored in the storage medium during the second time period, and the third value is the total payload length of the multiple Ethernet data frames transmitted during the second time period, the multiple Ethernet data frames including the fourth Ethernet data frame.

[0203] For example, the second RRU determines the storage address of the first uplink data packet based on the second offset and the first value, including: when the sum of the first value and the second offset is greater than or equal to the second value, and the sum of the first value and the third value is not equal to the second value, the second RRU determines the storage address of the first uplink data packet based on the second offset, the first value, the second value, and the initial storage medium address. For example, assuming the index corresponding to the second uplink data is P, where P is one of 0 to Q*N-1, and the first value, the second offset, and the third value satisfy: ((P+SM) offset )>L SM &&(P+L eth )! =L SM When ), the storage address of the first uplink data satisfies:

[0204] SM addr =init_addr+P+SMoffset -L SM

[0205] Among them, SM addr L is the storage address for the first uplink data. SM For the second value, L eth The third value is init_addr, which is the initial storage medium address. ! = indicates that it is not equal to.

[0206] In one implementation, the storage address is determined based on the second offset, the first value, and the initial storage medium address when the sum of the first value and the second offset is less than or equal to the second value, and the sum of the first value and the third value is equal to the second value.

[0207] For example, when the sum of the first value and the second offset is less than or equal to the second value, and the sum of the first value and the third value is equal to the second value, the second RRU determines the storage address of the first uplink data based on the first value, the second offset, and the initial storage medium address. For example, assuming the index corresponding to the second uplink data is P, the first value, the second offset, and the third value satisfy: ((P+SM) offset )≤L SM &&(P+L eth ) = L SM When ), the storage address of the first uplink data satisfies:

[0208] SM addr =init_addr+P+SM offset

[0209] In this embodiment, the BBU and RRU are connected via an Ethernet interface. While ensuring internal synchronization within the RRU, flexible frame synchronization between the BBU and RRU is achieved by identifying the data packets transmitted by the RRU, without requiring strict timing alignment between them. Simultaneously, the storage medium address offset and IQ offset obtained by the BBU in the network device are transmitted to the terminal device via downlink data transmission. This allows the terminal device to use the IQ offset to determine the reassembled uplink data to be transmitted and the storage medium address offset to determine the address of the reassembled uplink data to be transmitted, thereby achieving air interface data alignment between the network device and the terminal device.

[0210] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a communication system 800 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 As shown, the system 800 includes network devices and terminal devices. The network devices include a first RRU and a first BBU, which are connected via Ethernet; the terminal devices include a second RRU and a second BBU, which are connected via Ethernet.

[0211] The first RRU and the first BBU are connected via Ethernet, and the second RRU and the second BBU are connected via Ethernet. This can be understood as the first RRU and the first BBU being connected via an Ethernet interface, and the second RRU and the second BBU being connected via an Ethernet interface. The Ethernet interface is a 100GE interface, and the connection medium is ROF.

[0212] The first BBU is used to generate a first baseband data packet based on the acquired first Ethernet data frame.

[0213] For a detailed description of how the first BBU generates the first baseband data packet based on the acquired first Ethernet data frame, please refer to step S601 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0214] The first BBU is used to determine the first time period based on the identifier of the first baseband data packet.

[0215] For a detailed description of how the first BBU determines the first time period based on the identifier of the first baseband data packet, please refer to step S602 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0216] Optionally, the end time of the first time period is no later than the start time of the first radio frame, which is used to transmit the second Ethernet data frame.

[0217] The first BBU is used to send a second Ethernet data frame to the first RRU during the first time period. The second Ethernet data frame is used to carry a first offset and a second offset. The first offset is used to reassemble the data to be transmitted by the terminal device to obtain the first uplink data, and the second offset is used to indicate the storage address of the first uplink data.

[0218] For a detailed description of the first BBU sending the second Ethernet data frame to the first RRU during the first time period, please refer to step S603 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0219] Optionally, the first BBU is also used to determine the first offset and the second offset within the first time period.

[0220] For example, the first BBU includes an ADS, a central baseband board #A, and L baseband boards #A. The first BBU determines the first offset and the second offset within the first time period, including: the central baseband board #A, used to determine the first offset and the second offset within the first time period; and the ADS, used to schedule the L baseband boards #A to obtain the first offset and the second offset from the central baseband board within the first time period, where L ≥ 1 and is an integer. The ADS is located in switch #1, which is connected to the central baseband board #A and the L baseband boards #A via optical fiber.

[0221] For a detailed description of how the first BBU determines the first offset and the second offset during the first time period, please refer to step S603a above, which will not be repeated here.

[0222] Optionally, the first RRU includes a clock board and a trigger board. The clock board is used to generate a clock signal for clock synchronization of the second Ethernet data frame. The trigger board is used to generate a pulse signal for frame synchronization of the second Ethernet data frame.

[0223] Regarding the absolute synchronization between multiple Ethernet data frames received by the first RRU through the clock board and the trigger board, please refer to the description in step S602 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0224] Optionally, the first RRU further includes multiple intermediate frequency (IF) boards #A (i.e., the aforementioned multiple first IF boards), including a main IF board #A (an example of the aforementioned first IF board). The main IF board #A is used to perform clock synchronization and frame synchronization on the remaining IF boards among the multiple IF boards #A according to a clock signal and a trigger signal. The first RRU also includes multiple radio frequency (RF) boards #A (i.e., the aforementioned multiple first RF boards), including a main RF board #A (an example of the aforementioned first main RF board). The multiple RF boards #A are used to convert baseband data to generate RF data.

[0225] The first RRU is used to send the first offset and the second offset to the second RRU.

[0226] For a detailed description of how the first RRU sends the first offset and the second offset to the second RRU, please refer to step S604 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0227] Optionally, the first RRU further includes a first control board, which generates a first control signal for adjusting the voltage, temperature, and fan in the first RRU.

[0228] The second RRU is used to receive the first offset and the second offset, and to send a third Ethernet data frame to the second BBU. The third Ethernet data frame is used to carry a second baseband data packet, which includes the first offset and the second offset.

[0229] For a detailed description of the second RRU sending the third Ethernet data frame to the second BBU, please refer to the description in step S605 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0230] Optionally, the second RRU includes a second control board for generating a second control signal for adjusting the voltage, temperature, and fan in the second RRU.

[0231] For example, the second RRU further includes multiple intermediate frequency boards #B (i.e., the aforementioned multiple second intermediate frequency boards), a second control board, and an radio frequency board #B (an example of the aforementioned second radio frequency board). In this case, the second RRUs achieve clock synchronization and frame synchronization among the multiple intermediate frequency boards #B using a common clock source. The second control board generates a first control signal, which is used to adjust the voltage, temperature, and fan in the second RRU. The multiple intermediate frequency boards #B include a main intermediate frequency board #B. The radio frequency board #B is used to convert second baseband data packets into radio frequency data packets.

[0232] The second BBU is used to determine the second time period based on the identifier of the second baseband data packet.

[0233] Optionally, the end time of the second time period is no later than the start time of the second radio frame, which is used to transmit the fourth Ethernet data frame.

[0234] The detailed description of how the second BBU determines the second time period based on the identifier of the second baseband data packet can be found in the description of step S602 above. It is only necessary to replace the identifier of the first baseband data packet with the identifier of the second baseband data packet and the first time period with the second time period. It will not be elaborated here.

[0235] Optionally, the second BBU is also used to obtain a second baseband data packet based on the received third Ethernet data frame.

[0236] For a detailed description of how the second BBU obtains the second baseband data packet based on the third Ethernet data frame, please refer to the description in step S606a above, and it will not be repeated here.

[0237] Optionally, the second BBU includes a switch #2 (an example of the second switch described above) and multiple baseband boards #B, the switch #2 being used to communicate with the multiple baseband boards #B. The multiple baseband boards #B include a central baseband board #B.

[0238] The second BBU is also used to send a fourth Ethernet data frame to the second RRU during the second time period. The header of the fourth Ethernet data frame includes the first offset and the second offset.

[0239] For a detailed description of the second BBU sending the fourth Ethernet data frame to the second RRU during the second time period, please refer to the description of step S607 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0240] The second RRU is also used to send the first uplink data based on the storage address.

[0241] Optionally, the second RRU is also used to obtain the first offset and the second offset based on the received fourth Ethernet data frame.

[0242] For a detailed description of how the second RRU obtains the first offset and the second offset based on the received fourth Ethernet data frame, please refer to the description of step S608a above, which will not be repeated here.

[0243] Optionally, the second RRU is also used to reassemble the data to be transmitted by the terminal device according to the first offset to obtain the first uplink data.

[0244] For a detailed description of how the second RRU reassembles the data to be transmitted by the terminal device based on the first offset to obtain the first uplink data, please refer to the description of step S608b above, which will not be repeated here.

[0245] Optionally, the second RRU is also used to determine the storage address of the first uplink data based on the second offset.

[0246] For a detailed description of how the second RRU determines the storage address of the first uplink data based on the second offset, please refer to the description of step S608c above, which will not be repeated here.

[0247] In this embodiment, the BBU and RRU in the terminal device are connected via Ethernet, enabling asynchronous data processing between the BBU and RRU, achieving flexible frame synchronization between them, and improving throughput. Simultaneously, the storage medium address offset and IQ offset obtained by the BBU in the network device are transmitted to the terminal device via downlink data transmission. This allows the terminal device to use the storage IQ offset to determine the reassembled uplink data to be transmitted, and to use the storage medium address offset to determine the address of the reassembled uplink data to be transmitted, thereby achieving air interface data alignment between the network device and the terminal device.

[0248] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a data frame 900 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 As shown, the BBU side uses two frame structures, for example, the BBU receive data frame structure and the BBU send data frame structure.

[0249] Scenario 1:

[0250] This data frame is a BBU receive data frame structure. In this case, the data frame includes a destination address field, also known as the media access control destination (MAC DST) field, which indicates the destination address for sending data. This destination address field occupies 6 bytes (B).

[0251] The data frame also includes a source address field, also known as the source MAC address (MAC SRC) field, which indicates the starting address for sending data. This source address field occupies 6 bytes.

[0252] The data frame also includes a first field, which indicates the service type of the data packet. This first field occupies 2 bytes.

[0253] The service types of the data packets include: time division duplexing (TDD) handover, sounding reference signal (SRS) estimation, LDPC coding or LDPC decoding, Polar coding or Polar decoding, precoding, and MIMO decoding.

[0254] The data frame also includes a 2-byte 10ms packet identifier (also known as 10ms_Pktid) field; a 1-byte 10ms frame count field; a 4-byte Ethernet packet payload length field (also known as Total_len); and a packet payload length field, which occupies no more than 9600 bytes.

[0255] The data frame also includes a reserve field, which occupies 43 bytes.

[0256] Scenario 2:

[0257] This data frame is a BBU-transmitted data frame structure. In this case, the data frame includes a destination address field, also known as the media access control destination (MAC DST) field, which indicates the destination address for the transmitted data. This destination address field occupies 6 bytes.

[0258] The data frame also includes a source address field, also known as the source MAC address (MAC SRC) field, which indicates the starting address for sending data. This source address field occupies 6 bytes.

[0259] The data frame also includes a first field, which indicates the service type of the data packet. This first field occupies 2 bytes.

[0260] The service types of data packets include: RRU control, TDD handover, sounding reference signal (SRS) estimation, LDPC coding or LDPC decoding, Polar coding or Polar decoding, precoding, and MIMO decoding.

[0261] The second field of this data frame (also known as the Storage and IQ Offset (SM&IQ_offset) field) is used to indicate the first offset and the second offset. A detailed description of the first and second offsets can be found in the description in Method 600 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0262] This data frame also includes a 2-byte (2B) identifier for a 10ms data packet (also known as 10ms_Pktid). A 4-byte RRU frequency offset adjustment field (also known as Frequency_offset or Fre_offset) indicates the RRU frequency offset adjustment value. A 4-byte frame start offset field (also known as Frame_offset) indicates the start offset value of the radio frame. The Freq_offset field allows adjustment of the phase-locked loop (PLL) input crystal frequency and the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) or digital-to-analog converter (DAC) sampling clock frequency in the RRU section, avoiding significant frequency errors caused by temperature or electromagnetic interference. A 4-byte Ethernet packet payload length field (also known as Total_len) is also included. This payload length field occupies no more than 9600 bytes; that is, the payload length field occupies ≤ 9600 bytes.

[0263] The data frame also includes a reserved field, which occupies 43 bytes.

[0264] For example, under different service types, the baseband board in the BBU can process different services through the first field in the data frame. That is, different baseband boards can handle specific services. For instance, if the first field indicates LDPC encoding, the BBU will perform LDPC encoding on the data. Or, if the first field indicates Polar encoding, the BBU will perform Polar encoding on the data. In this case, the reserved fields of the data frame can indicate information corresponding to different service types. For example, when the first field indicates LDPC encoding, the reserved fields are used to indicate information related to LDPC encoding. The BBU can be a server cluster, a central processing unit (CPU), an accelerator card, or an off-the-shelf field-programmable gate array (FPGA) board.

[0265] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the functions of the baseband board in a BBU under different business scenarios, as provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 10 As shown, the example described is the transmission of downlink data by the first BBU in the network device. On the transmitting side of the first BBU, baseband board 1 performs LPDC encoding, baseband board 2 performs Polar encoding, baseband board 3 performs precoding, and baseband board 4 performs SRS estimation, etc. On the receiving side of the first BBU, baseband board 5 performs LPDC decoding, baseband board 6 performs Polar decoding, and baseband board 7 performs MIMO decoding.

[0266] In one implementation, when the first field is specifically used to indicate that the service type of the data packet is LDPC encoding, the data frame also includes a third field and a fourth field. The third field is used to indicate the LDPC encoding information, and the fourth field is used to indicate the baseband data to be LDPC encoded. The LDPC encoding information includes at least one of the following: transport block size, coding rate, cyclic redundancy check (CRC) type, modulation order, information length, and index configuration. Alternatively, when the first field is specifically used to indicate that the service type of the data packet is LDPC decoding, the data frame also includes a fifth field and a sixth field. The fifth field is used to indicate the LDPC decoding information, and the sixth field is used to indicate the data to be LDPC decoded. The LDPC decoding information includes at least one of the following: base graph (BG) selection, input information length, BG type, number of columns in the base graph of the parity check matrix, and CRC type.

[0267] It should be noted that the third or fifth field mentioned above is a reserved field of the data frame, and the fourth or sixth field is the payload length field of the data packet in the data frame.

[0268] In one implementation, when the first field is specifically used to indicate that the service type of the data packet is Polar encoding, the data frame also includes a seventh field and an eighth field. The seventh field is used to indicate Polar encoding information, and the eighth field is used to indicate the baseband data to be Polar encoded. The Polar encoding information includes at least one of the following: code length, code rate, number of information bits, freeze bit, encoding matrix indicator, and encoding code rate. Alternatively, when the first field is specifically used to indicate that the service type of the data packet is Polar decoding, the data frame also includes a ninth field and a tenth field. The ninth field is used to indicate Polar decoding information, and the tenth field is used to indicate the data to be Polar decoded. The Polar decoding information includes at least one of the following: CRC type, input information length, and input rate matching length.

[0269] It should be noted that the seventh or ninth field mentioned above is a reserved field of the aforementioned data frame, and the eighth or tenth field is the payload length field of the aforementioned data frame.

[0270] In one implementation, when the first field is specifically used to indicate that the service type of the data packet is SRS estimation, the data frame also includes an eleventh field and a twelfth field. The eleventh field is used to indicate SRS estimation information, and the twelfth field is used to indicate channel estimation data. The SRS estimation information includes at least one of the following: number of transmit antennas, number of data streams, and number of parallel SRS estimation processes.

[0271] It should be noted that the eleventh field mentioned above is a reserved field of the aforementioned data frame, and the twelfth field is the payload length field of the aforementioned data frame.

[0272] In one implementation, when the first field is specifically used to indicate that the service type of the data packet is precoding, the received data frame also includes a thirteenth field and a fourteenth field. The thirteenth field is used to indicate precoding information, and the fourteenth field is used to indicate RE data and a precoding matrix. The precoding information includes at least one of the following: the number of transmit antennas and the number of data streams.

[0273] It should be noted that the thirteenth field is a reserved field of the above data frame, and the fourteenth field is the effective payload length field of the data packet of the above data frame.

[0274] In one implementation, when the first field is specifically used to indicate that the service type of the data packet is MIMO decoding, the transmitted data frame also includes a fifteenth field and a sixteenth field. The fifteenth field is used to indicate MIMO decoding information, and the sixteenth field is used to indicate resource element (RE) data and channel estimation values. The MIMO decoding information includes at least one of the following: the number of receive antennas and the number of data streams.

[0275] It should be noted that the fifteenth field mentioned above is a reserved field of the aforementioned data frame, and the sixteenth field is the payload length field of the aforementioned data frame.

[0276] It should also be noted that in method 600, if the data alignment method fails, the start position of the 10ms frame can be manually fine-tuned through the Frame_offset field in the BBU sending side data frame structure to achieve data alignment.

[0277] In this application embodiment, the structures of the first and third Ethernet data frames in the above method embodiment and communication system embodiment correspond to the structure of the received data frame in case 1. The structures of the second and fourth Ethernet data frames in the above method embodiment and communication system embodiment correspond to the structure of the transmitted data frame in case 2. That is, in this application embodiment, the structure of the Ethernet data frames received by the BBU is the same as the structure of the received data frame in case 1, and the structure of the Ethernet data frames transmitted by the BBU is the same as the structure of the transmitted data frame in case 2.

[0278] In this embodiment of the application, by defining the data frame structure on the BBU transmitting side and the data frame structure on the receiving side, the baseband board in the BBU under different service scenarios can handle different services. This allows the BBU to process baseband data more flexibly and improves the system performance.

[0279] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a communication device 1000 provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device 1000 includes a transceiver unit 1010 and a processing unit 1020. The transceiver unit 1010 can be used to implement corresponding communication functions. The transceiver unit 1010 can also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication unit. The processing unit 1020 can be used to perform processing, such as determining information bits.

[0280] Optionally, the device 1000 may further include a storage unit, which can be used to store instructions and / or data, and the processing unit 1220 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage unit to enable the device to implement the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0281] In a second possible design, the device 1000 can be a network device as described in the foregoing embodiments. This device 1000 can implement the steps or processes performed by the network device corresponding to those described in the above method embodiments. Specifically, the transceiver unit 1010 can be used to perform transceiver-related operations (such as sending and / or receiving data or messages) of the network device described in the above method embodiments, and the processing unit 1020 can be used to perform processing-related operations of the network device described in the above method embodiments, or operations other than transceiver operations (such as operations other than sending and / or receiving data or messages).

[0282] In one possible implementation, processing unit 1020 is configured to generate a first baseband data packet based on the acquired first Ethernet data frame; processing unit 1010 is further configured to determine a first time period based on the identifier of the first baseband data packet; transceiver unit 1010 is configured to send a second Ethernet data frame within the first time period, the second Ethernet data frame being used to carry a first offset and a second offset, the first offset being used to reassemble the data to be transmitted by the terminal device to obtain first uplink data, and the second offset being used to indicate the storage address of the first uplink data; transceiver unit 1010 is further configured to send the first offset and the second offset.

[0283] In a second possible design, the device 1000 can be the terminal described in the foregoing embodiments. The device 1000 can implement the steps or processes executed by the terminal corresponding to those described in the above method embodiments. Specifically, the transceiver unit 1010 can be used to perform transceiver-related operations (such as sending and / or receiving data or messages) of the terminal in the above method embodiments, and the processing unit 1020 can be used to perform processing-related operations of the terminal in the above method embodiments, or operations other than transceiver operations (such as operations other than sending and / or receiving data or messages).

[0284] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1010 is configured to receive a first offset and a second offset; the transceiver unit 1010 is also configured to send a third Ethernet data frame, the third Ethernet data frame being used to carry a second baseband data packet, the second baseband data packet including the first offset and the second offset; the processing unit 1020 is also configured to determine a second time period based on the identifier of the second baseband data packet; the transceiver unit 1010 is also configured to send a fourth Ethernet data frame within the second time period, the header of the fourth Ethernet data frame including the first offset and the second offset; the transceiver unit 1010 is also configured to send first uplink data based on a storage address, the first uplink data being obtained by reassembling the data to be transmitted by the terminal device based on the first offset, the storage address being determined based on the second offset.

[0285] Optionally, the processing unit 1020 is also configured to obtain a second baseband data packet based on the received third Ethernet data frame.

[0286] Optionally, the processing unit 1020 is further configured to obtain the first offset and the second offset based on the received fourth Ethernet data frame.

[0287] Optionally, the processing unit 1020 is further configured to reassemble the data to be transmitted by the terminal device according to the first offset to obtain the first uplink data, and is further configured to determine the storage address of the first uplink data according to the second offset.

[0288] It should be understood that the specific process of each unit performing the above-mentioned corresponding steps has been described in detail in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0289] It should also be understood that the device 1000 here is embodied in the form of a functional unit. The term "unit" here can refer to an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), electronic circuitry, a processor (e.g., a shared processor, a proprietary processor, or a group processor, etc.) and memory for executing one or more software or firmware programs, integrated logic circuitry, and / or other suitable components supporting the described functions. In an alternative example, those skilled in the art will understand that the device 1000 can be specifically the communication device in the above embodiments, and can be used to execute the various processes and / or steps corresponding to the communication device in the above method embodiments; to avoid repetition, these will not be described again here.

[0290] The apparatus 1000 of each of the above-described schemes has the function of implementing the corresponding steps performed by the communication device (such as a network device or a terminal device) in the above-described methods. The function can be implemented in hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions; for example, the transceiver unit can be replaced by a transceiver (e.g., the transmitting unit in the transceiver unit can be replaced by a transmitter, and the receiving unit in the transceiver unit can be replaced by a receiver), and other units, such as processing units, can be replaced by processors, each performing the transceiver operations and related processing operations in the respective method embodiments.

[0291] In addition, the transceiver unit 1010 may also be a transceiver circuit (for example, it may include a receiving circuit and a transmitting circuit), and the processing unit may be a processing circuit.

[0292] It should be pointed out that, Figure 11The device mentioned can be the communication equipment (such as network equipment or terminal equipment) in the foregoing embodiments, or it can be a chip or chip system, such as a SoC. The transceiver unit can be an input / output circuit or a communication interface; the processing unit is a processor, microprocessor, or integrated circuit integrated on the chip. No limitations are imposed here.

[0293] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of another communication device 1100 provided in an embodiment of this application. The device 1100 includes a processor 1110, which is coupled to a memory 1120. The memory 1120 is used to store computer programs or instructions and / or data. The processor 1110 is used to execute the computer programs or instructions stored in the memory 1120, or to read the data stored in the memory 1120, in order to execute the methods in the above method embodiments.

[0294] Optionally, there may be one or more processors 1110.

[0295] Optionally, the memory 1120 may be one or more.

[0296] Alternatively, the memory 1120 can be integrated with the processor 1110, or it can be set separately.

[0297] Optionally, such as Figure 12 As shown, the device 1100 also includes a transceiver 1130, which is used for receiving and / or transmitting signals. For example, the processor 1110 is used to control the transceiver 1130 to receive and / or transmit signals.

[0298] As an example, processor 1110 may have Figure 11 The processing unit 1020 shown has the function of a storage unit, the memory 1120 may have the function of a storage unit, and the transceiver 1130 may have the function of a storage unit. Figure 11 The function of the transceiver unit 1010 shown is illustrated.

[0299] As one option, the device 1100 is used to implement the operations performed by a communication device (such as a network device or a terminal device) in the various method embodiments described above.

[0300] For example, processor 1110 is used to execute computer programs or instructions stored in memory 1120 to implement the relevant operations of the communication device in the various method embodiments described above.

[0301] It should be understood that the processor mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a CPU, or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), FPGAs, or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0302] It should also be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM). For example, RAM can be used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, RAM includes the following forms: static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0303] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) can be integrated into the processor.

[0304] It should also be noted that the memory described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0305] Figure 13This is a schematic diagram of a chip system 1200 provided in an embodiment of this application. The chip system 1200 (or may also be referred to as a processing system) includes logic circuitry 1210 and an input / output interface 1220.

[0306] The logic circuit 1210 can be a processing circuit in the chip system 1200. The logic circuit 1210 can be coupled to a memory unit, calling instructions from the memory unit, enabling the chip system 1200 to implement the methods and functions of the embodiments of this application. The input / output interface 1220 can be an input / output circuit in the chip system 1200, outputting processed information from the chip system 1200, or inputting data or signaling information to be processed into the chip system 1200 for processing.

[0307] As one approach, the chip system 1200 is used to implement operations performed by communication devices (such as network devices or terminal devices) in the various method embodiments described above.

[0308] For example, logic circuit 1210 is used to implement processing-related operations performed by a communication device (such as a network device or a terminal device) in the above method embodiments; input / output interface 1220 is used to implement sending and / or receiving-related operations performed by a communication device (such as a network device or a terminal device) in the above method embodiments.

[0309] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions for implementing the methods executed by a communication device (such as a network device or a terminal device) in the above-described method embodiments. For example, when the computer program or instructions are run on the communication device, the communication device (such as a terminal or a network device) executes the above-described methods (such as method 600).

[0310] This application also provides a computer program product comprising instructions that, when executed by a computer, implement the methods described above as performed by a communication device (such as a network device or a terminal device). For example, when the computer program or instructions are run on the communication device, the communication device (such as a network device or a terminal device) performs the methods described above (such as method 600).

[0311] This application also provides a communication system, which includes the terminal devices and / or network devices described in the above embodiments. For example, the system includes... Figure 8 The terminal device and network device in the embodiments.

[0312] The explanations and beneficial effects of the relevant contents in any of the devices provided above can be found in the corresponding method embodiments provided above, and will not be repeated here.

[0313] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of apparatus or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0314] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. For example, the computer can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disks, SSDs). For example, the aforementioned available media include, but are not limited to, various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0315] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, A chip used in a network device, the network device including a first remote radio unit (RRU) and a first baseband processing unit (BBU), the first RRU and the first BBU being connected via Ethernet, the method comprising: The first BBU generates a first baseband data packet based on the acquired first Ethernet data frame; The first BBU determines the first time period based on the identifier of the first baseband data packet; The first BBU sends a second Ethernet data frame to the first RRU within the first time period. The second Ethernet data frame is used to carry a first offset and a second offset. The first offset is used to reassemble the data to be transmitted by the terminal device to obtain the first uplink data. The second offset is used to indicate the storage address of the first uplink data. The first RRU sends the first offset and the second offset to the terminal device.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end time of the first time period is no later than the start time of the first wireless frame, which is used to transmit the second Ethernet data frame.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Before the first BBU sends the second Ethernet data frame to the first RRU within the first time period, the method further includes: The first BBU determines the first offset and the second offset within the first time period.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first BBU determines the first offset and the second offset within the first time period, including: The first BBU determines the timing advance and transmission delay within the first time period; The first BBU determines the first offset and the second offset based on the timing advance and the transmission delay.

5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The first BBU includes an Automatic Distribution System (ADS), a central baseband board, and L baseband boards. The first BBU determines the first offset and the second offset within the first time period, including: The central baseband plate determines the first offset and the second offset within a first time period; The ADS schedules the L baseband boards to obtain the first offset and the second offset from the central baseband board within the first time period, where L ≥ 1 and is an integer.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The first RRU includes a clock board and a trigger board. Before the first RRU sends the first offset and the second offset to the terminal device, the method further includes: The clock board generates a clock signal, which is used to synchronize the second Ethernet data frame. The trigger board generates a pulse signal, which is used to perform frame synchronization on the second Ethernet data frame.

7. A communication method, characterized in that, A chip used in a terminal device, the terminal device including a second remote radio unit (RRU) and a second baseband processing unit (BBU), the second RRU and the second BBU being connected via Ethernet, the method comprising: The second RRU receives the first offset and the second offset; The second RRU sends a third Ethernet data frame to the second BBU. The third Ethernet data frame is used to carry a second baseband data packet, which includes the first offset and the second offset. The second BBU determines the second time period based on the identifier of the second baseband data packet; The second BBU sends a fourth Ethernet data frame to the second RRU during the second time period. The header of the fourth Ethernet data frame includes the first offset and the second offset. The second RRU sends first uplink data based on the storage address. The first uplink data is obtained by reassembling the data to be transmitted by the terminal device based on the first offset. The storage address is determined based on the second offset.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The end time of the second time period is no later than the start time of the second wireless frame, which is used to transmit the fourth Ethernet data frame.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The first uplink data is obtained by reassembling the data to be transmitted by the terminal device based on the first offset, the data bit width of the fourth Ethernet data frame, and the effective in-phase orthogonal (IQ) data bit width in the fourth Ethernet data frame.

10. The method according to any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that, The storage address is determined based on the second offset and a first value, where the first value is the index of each data item in the third baseband data packet carried by the fourth Ethernet data frame.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, When the sum of the first value and the second offset is greater than or equal to the second value, and the sum of the first value and the third value is not equal to the second value, the storage address is determined based on the second offset, the first value, the second value, and the initial storage medium address; When the sum of the first value and the second offset is less than or equal to the second value, and the sum of the first value and the third value is equal to the second value, the storage address is determined based on the first value, the second offset, and the initial storage medium address; Wherein, the second value is the length of the valid data stored in the storage medium during the second time period, and the third value is the total payload length of the multiple Ethernet data frames transmitted during the second time period, the multiple Ethernet data frames including the fourth Ethernet data frame.

12. A data frame, characterized in that, The data frame includes a first field and a second field. The first field is used to indicate the service type of the data packet; The second field is used to indicate a first offset and a second offset. The first offset is used to reassemble the data to be transmitted by the terminal device to obtain the first uplink data, and the second offset is used to indicate the storage address of the first uplink data.

13. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes modules or units for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6; or, it includes modules or units for performing the method according to any one of claims 7 to 11.

14. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, or cause the communication device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 7 to 11.

15. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, or cause the communication device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 7 to 11.

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