Energy storage negative pressure control system, method and skin treatment device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of medical apparatus and instruments, and particularly discloses an energy storage type negative pressure control system and method and a skin treatment device. The method comprises an energy storage stage, a balance stage, a fitting detection stage, a micro-flow maintaining stage and a release stage. The energy storage stage enables the negative pressure pump to intermittently operate through energy storage of the negative pressure container; the balance stage disconnects the hand tool end from the pipeline, and pre-adjusts the pipeline pressure to a target value through a proportional electromagnetic valve; the fitting detection stage instantaneously connects the end and the pipeline, and judges the fitting state through pressure comparison; the micro-flow maintaining stage maintains the negative pressure with a small flow; and the release stage releases the pressure. The application adopts the control logic of "pre-adjustment fitting comparison", realizes accurate pre-setting of the pressure before fitting, avoids the problem that the pressure is uncontrollable at the moment of fitting, and simultaneously enables the negative pressure pump to intermittently operate, prolongs the service life, reduces the risk of pipeline blockage, and reduces wound bleeding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, and in particular relates to an energy storage negative pressure control system, method and skin treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of medical dermatology, many devices require negative pressure adsorption to attach treatment components (such as radiofrequency electrodes and injection needles) to the skin surface for stable treatment. For example, radiofrequency therapy devices need to attach electrodes to the skin for energy transfer, and multi-needle subcutaneous injection devices require negative pressure adsorption to insert the needle into the skin.

[0003] Currently, existing negative pressure adsorption solutions mainly involve the following two technical approaches: The first option is as follows: Figure 1 As shown: The main unit of the device uses a negative pressure diaphragm pump as the negative pressure source, which is connected to the end of the treatment handpiece via a solenoid valve and an air tube. During operation, the negative pressure pump runs continuously to maintain negative pressure, and the establishment and release of negative pressure are controlled by the on / off state of the solenoid valve. This solution has the following technical problems: continuous operation of the negative pressure pump leads to a shortened lifespan; prolonged continuous suction can easily draw medication or tissue cell impurities from the skin surface into the tubing, causing blockage; in severe cases, liquid may enter the solenoid valve or negative pressure pump, causing component damage; simultaneously, continuous suction can worsen bleeding from skin wounds.

[0004] The second option is as follows: Figure 2 As shown: Based on the first scheme, a pressure sensor and a proportional solenoid valve are added. The negative pressure pump continues to operate at its rated power, and the negative pressure is adjusted by regulating the amount of air discharged to the atmosphere through the proportional valve. Although this scheme expands the negative pressure adjustment range, pressure value tracking and adjustment can only be achieved when the end of the handpiece is in close contact with the skin. The lifespan issues, pipeline blockage issues, and traumatic bleeding issues caused by continuous operation of the negative pressure pump remain unresolved.

[0005] In existing negative pressure adsorption solutions, whether using a simple solenoid valve control scheme or adding a proportional valve and pressure sensor, the control logic is "adhesion → detection → adjustment": that is, first, the end of the handpiece is made to adhere to the skin to form a sealed cavity, then the negative pressure value is detected, and then adjustment is made based on the detected value. The fundamental flaw of this logic is that the adjustment depends on the adhesion, and the pressure at the moment of adhesion is generated by the "blind suction" of the negative pressure pump, which cannot be preset or controlled.

[0006] The fundamental problem with the two methods mentioned above is that negative pressure adjustment depends on the skin adhesion state. The negative pressure at the moment of adhesion is directly generated by the negative pressure pump and cannot be preset or controlled. In clinical practice, this deficiency leads to two adverse consequences: if the negative pressure is too high at the moment of adhesion, it will cause skin bruising and capillary rupture; if the negative pressure is too low, the adsorption will be unstable, the treatment handpiece will easily fall off, and the treatment effect will be affected. Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a negative pressure control scheme that can preset the adsorption pressure before skin adhesion and achieve controllable pressure at the moment of adhesion.

[0007] In summary, the existing technology lacks a negative pressure control scheme that can preset and precisely control the adsorption pressure before skin application, while simultaneously enabling the intermittent operation of the negative pressure pump. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes an energy-storing negative pressure control system, method, and skin treatment device. This invention, through a control logic of "pre-adjustment → adhesion → comparison," can preset and precisely control the adsorption pressure before skin adhesion, thereby fundamentally avoiding problems such as bruising or unstable adsorption caused by uncontrollable pressure.

[0009] The technical solution protected by this invention is as follows: an energy storage negative pressure control system, including a main unit and a treatment handpiece, the main unit and the treatment handpiece are connected through a handpiece pipeline, the main unit is equipped with a negative pressure pump and a main unit controller, the negative pressure pump is connected to a negative pressure container through a one-way valve, a first pressure sensor is installed on the negative pressure container, one port of the negative pressure container is connected to the first port of a proportional solenoid valve, the second port of the proportional solenoid valve is connected to one end of the handpiece pipeline, and a second pressure sensor is installed between the proportional solenoid valve and the handpiece pipeline; The treatment handpiece is equipped with a two-position three-way solenoid valve and a handpiece controller. The air inlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve is connected to the end of the handpiece through a filter. The first air outlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve is connected to the other end of the handpiece pipeline, and the second air outlet is open to the atmosphere. When the power is off, the two-position three-way solenoid valve connects the air inlet to the second air outlet. When the power is on, the air inlet connects to the first air outlet. A third pressure sensor is provided at the end of the handpiece. The main controller is electrically connected to the negative pressure pump, the proportional solenoid valve, the first pressure sensor, and the second pressure sensor, and is also communicatively connected to the handpiece controller. The handpiece controller is electrically connected to the two-position three-way solenoid valve and the third pressure sensor.

[0010] Preferably, the volume of the hand tool pipeline is greater than the volume of the hand tool end, and the volume of the negative pressure container is greater than the volume of the hand tool pipeline.

[0011] Preferably, the volume of the hand tool pipeline is 50 to 200 times the volume of the hand tool end; the volume of the negative pressure container is 1000 to 2000 times the volume of the hand tool pipeline.

[0012] Another technical solution protected by this invention: a method for controlling energy storage negative pressure, comprising the following steps; Energy storage stage: Start the negative pressure pump to evacuate the negative pressure container and maintain the pressure inside the negative pressure container within the preset energy storage pressure range; Balancing phase: After the energy storage phase is completed, disconnect the end of the handpiece from the handpiece tubing, and adjust the pressure in the handpiece tubing to the preset treatment pressure value through the proportional solenoid valve, so that the treatment pressure value is established before the end of the handpiece adheres to the skin; Fitting test stage: After the balancing stage is completed, the two-position three-way solenoid valve is briefly connected to the end of the handpiece and the handpiece tube for 3ms-10ms. The pressure value of the end of the handpiece is read and compared with the pressure in the handpiece tube to determine whether the end of the handpiece is in contact with the skin. Micro-flow maintenance stage: After confirming the fit, keep the end of the handpiece connected to the handpiece pipeline, and replenish the gas leakage through the proportional solenoid valve to maintain the negative pressure stability at the end of the handpiece; Release phase: Upon receiving the release command, the two-position three-way solenoid valve is de-energized, connecting the end of the handpiece to the atmosphere and releasing the negative pressure.

[0013] Preferably, during the energy storage phase, the negative pressure pump operates intermittently. When the pressure inside the negative pressure container reaches the upper limit of the energy storage pressure, the pumping stops, and when the pressure inside the negative pressure container drops to the lower limit of the energy storage pressure, the pumping restarts.

[0014] Preferably, in the bonding detection stage, the two-position three-way solenoid valve is briefly turned on for 3ms-10ms to connect the end of the handpiece to the handpiece pipeline, and the bonding status is determined by comparing the pressure value of the end of the handpiece with the preset bonding judgment threshold. If a single detection determines that the handpiece is not bonded, the process returns to the bonding detection stage for re-detection. If the number of consecutive detection failures exceeds the preset upper limit, the process returns to the balancing stage to re-establish the pipeline pressure.

[0015] Furthermore, after confirming the adhesion between the handpiece tip and the skin during the fit testing phase and before entering the micro-flow maintenance phase, the following steps are also included: Gradual adsorption stage: Control the proportional solenoid valve to make the pressure at the end of the handpiece gradually change from the preset target adsorption pressure value in the equilibrium stage to the preset treatment pressure value according to the preset pressure change rate. The micro-flow maintenance phase begins after the pressure at the end of the handpiece reaches the therapeutic pressure value.

[0016] Preferably, in the gradual adsorption stage, the pressure change rate is a linear rate or a non-linear curve rate, and both the pressure change rate and the treatment holding pressure value are adjustable parameters.

[0017] Preferably, the absolute value of the target adsorption pressure value preset in the equilibrium phase is less than the absolute value of the treatment pressure value.

[0018] Another technical solution protected by this invention is a skin treatment device that uses the above-mentioned energy storage negative pressure control method for negative pressure adsorption.

[0019] The present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art.

[0020] 1. This invention achieves pre-adjustment of pressure before application, ensuring precise and controllable adsorption pressure at the moment of application. In existing technologies, negative pressure adjustment can only be performed after skin application, and the pressure at the moment of application is generated by a "blind" suction of the negative pressure pump, which cannot be preset or controlled, easily leading to bruising or unstable adsorption. This invention, by setting a negative pressure container and a proportional solenoid valve, precisely adjusts the pressure in the handpiece tubing to the treatment pressure value before application. During application detection, the application status is judged by instantaneously connecting and comparing pressure changes. This "pre-adjustment → application → comparison" control logic changes the passive mode of "application → detection → adjustment" in existing technologies, making the adsorption pressure at the moment of application preset and controllable, fundamentally avoiding the problems of bruising or unstable adsorption caused by uncontrollable pressure.

[0021] 2. This invention reduces the risk of tubing blockage and alleviates traumatic bleeding. During the micro-flow maintenance phase, the system maintains negative pressure with only a small flow rate, reducing the aspiration of medication and tissue fluid, while avoiding the stimulation of the wound surface caused by continuous high-flow aspiration. In practical applications, no tubing blockage problems caused by the aspiration of medication or tissue fluid have occurred, nor has any significant bleeding from the wound surface been observed due to negative pressure aspiration.

[0022] 3. This invention can extend the service life of negative pressure pumps. Because the negative pressure container acts as an energy storage element, the negative pressure pump operates intermittently, only starting to pump air when the pressure in the negative pressure container falls below a lower limit. The cumulative operating time is significantly shorter than that of existing continuous operation solutions. Actual application data shows that equipment using this invention extends the service life of the negative pressure pump from 4,000-5,000 hours under conventional continuous operation to over 12,000 hours, approximately tripling its lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first scheme in the background art.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second scheme in the background art.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage negative pressure control system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the five-stage state transition of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 The control flowchart of the energy storage negative pressure control method provided in the embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention readily apparent, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, an energy storage negative pressure control system includes a main unit and a treatment handpiece, which are connected to each other via a handpiece pipeline.

[0031] The main unit of the equipment is equipped with: a negative pressure pump, a one-way valve, a negative pressure container, a proportional solenoid valve, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, and a main unit controller.

[0032] The air inlet of the negative pressure pump is connected to the air outlet of the one-way valve, and the air inlet of the one-way valve is connected to the negative pressure container. The one-way valve ensures that airflow can only flow from the negative pressure container to the negative pressure pump, preventing negative pressure leakage within the negative pressure container when the negative pressure pump stops working. The volume of the negative pressure container is 0.5L to 10L, and the operating pressure range is -100kPa to +100kPa. The maximum vacuum pressure of the negative pressure pump is -90kPa to -70kPa, the flow rate range is 0.5L / min to 20L / min, and the operating voltage is 11V to 14V.

[0033] The negative pressure vessel is connected to the first port of the proportional solenoid valve, and the second port of the proportional solenoid valve is connected to one end of the hand tool pipeline. The proportional solenoid valve is a common two-way proportional solenoid valve with a flow range of 0L / min to 2L / min, a response time of less than 20ms, and an operating voltage of 11V to 14V. It is used to adjust the opening degree according to the control signal, thereby adjusting the negative pressure in the hand tool pipeline.

[0034] The first pressure sensor is installed on the negative pressure container to detect the pressure inside the container. The second pressure sensor is installed inside the main unit of the equipment, connected between the proportional solenoid valve and the hand tool pipeline, to detect the pressure inside the hand tool pipeline. The main unit controller is electrically connected to the negative pressure pump, the proportional solenoid valve, the first pressure sensor, and the second pressure sensor, and is also electrically connected to the hand tool controller inside the hand tool via a wire in the hand tool pipeline, for sending control commands and receiving sensor data.

[0035] The handpiece is equipped with: a two-position three-way solenoid valve, a third pressure sensor, a filter, and a handpiece controller.

[0036] The inlet of the 2-position 3-way solenoid valve is connected to the end of the hand tool via a filter. The first outlet of the valve is connected to the other end of the hand tool pipeline, and the second outlet is open to the atmosphere. The inner diameter of the hand tool pipeline is 2mm to 6mm, and the maximum pressure is 0.6MPa. The flow rate range of the 2-position 3-way solenoid valve is 0L / min to 0.5L / min, the response time is less than 10ms, and the operating voltage is 11V to 14V. It is used to control the connection between the end of the hand tool and the hand tool pipeline or the atmosphere.

[0037] The third pressure sensor is located at the end of the handpiece and is used to detect the pressure at the end of the handpiece. The handpiece controller is electrically connected to the third pressure sensor and the two-position three-way solenoid valve, and is also electrically connected to the main controller through wires in the handpiece pipeline. It is used to execute the commands sent by the main controller and to feed back the sensor data to the main controller.

[0038] Both the host controller and the handpiece controller of this invention use a microcontroller as the core control unit. The microcontroller uses an ARM M33 core and has three independent IIC interfaces, communicating with three pressure sensors to read pressure values ​​in real time. The microcontroller controls the operation of the negative pressure pump, the opening of the proportional solenoid valve, and the switching of the two-position three-way solenoid valve through three GPIO interfaces. The proportional solenoid valve and the two-position three-way solenoid valve each have dedicated drive circuits, which are connected to the microcontroller via GPIO pins, enabling reliable and rapid control of the solenoid valves. The host controller also has a CANFD communication interface for communicating with the main control circuit of the skin treatment device and receiving commands and operating parameters.

[0039] This system adopts a structure layout where the main unit stores energy and the handpiece executes the actions. The treatment handpiece can independently complete the actions of contact detection and micro-flow maintenance. The negative pressure container inside the main unit provides a stable negative pressure source for the entire system. The negative pressure pump and the handpiece pipeline are isolated in terms of air pressure through the negative pressure container, and the negative pressure in the handpiece pipeline is supplied by the negative pressure container through a proportional solenoid valve.

[0040] The volume of the hand tool pipeline is much larger than that of the hand tool tip (usually 50 to 200 times the size of the hand tool tip), enabling the hand tool pipeline to independently form a stable pressure environment when disconnected; the volume of the negative pressure container is much larger than that of the hand tool pipeline (usually 1000 to 2000 times the size of the hand tool pipeline), enabling the negative pressure container to serve as a stable negative pressure source and continuously supply pressure to the hand tool pipeline.

[0041] The aforementioned volume ratio is beneficial for maintaining stable pressure in the disconnected state of the handpiece tubing, providing favorable structural conditions for pressure pre-adjustment before bonding. It also helps the negative pressure container maintain a slow pressure decrease during the micro-flow maintenance phase, thus better supporting the intermittent operation of the negative pressure pump. In practice, if the ratio of the handpiece tubing volume to the handpiece end volume is small, the handpiece tubing's ability to independently maintain stable pressure may decrease, affecting the stability of pre-adjustment before bonding. If the ratio of the negative pressure container volume to the handpiece tubing volume is small, the negative pressure pump may need to be started more frequently to replenish pressure. Therefore, the volume ratio and control logic of this invention work together to constitute the complete technical solution of this invention.

[0042] The energy storage negative pressure control system of the present invention has been described in detail above. Based on the above system, the present invention also proposes an energy storage negative pressure control method.

[0043] Before operation, this system requires self-testing and initial state setup. After power-on, the host controller first performs a hardware self-test: it controls the proportional solenoid valve to open and close twice to check if the proportional solenoid valve is functioning normally; it controls the two-position three-way solenoid valve to power on and off twice to check if the two-position three-way solenoid valve is functioning normally; it controls the negative pressure pump to start, run, and stop to check if the negative pressure pump is functioning normally; and it reads data from three pressure sensors to check if communication with the sensors is normal.

[0044] After the self-test is completed, the main controller fully opens the proportional solenoid valve and energizes the two-position three-way solenoid valve to maintain its position, allowing the negative pressure container, hand tool pipeline, and hand tool end to be directly connected to the atmosphere. At this time, the pressure values ​​of the three pressure sensors are read. If the pressure values ​​are basically consistent (for example, the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​is less than 1 kPa), it indicates that the sensor functions are normal, and the system enters standby mode.

[0045] If the self-test fails, the system will issue a fault alarm signal (such as a buzzer alarm or flashing indicator light), awaiting maintenance. Once the system self-test and initial state settings are complete, subsequent control procedures can proceed. The specific control method is as follows: S1, Energy Storage Stage like Figures 4-5 As shown, after receiving the negative pressure start-up command, the main controller first starts the negative pressure container to store energy. The main controller then de-energizes and closes the proportional solenoid valve, cutting off the connection between the proportional solenoid valve and the hand tool pipeline, thus isolating the negative pressure container from the hand tool pipeline. The negative pressure pump is then started, and it evacuates the negative pressure container through a one-way valve. The first pressure sensor monitors the pressure inside the negative pressure container in real time.

[0046] When the first pressure sensor detects that the pressure inside the negative pressure container is lower than the preset upper limit of the energy storage pressure, the main controller controls the negative pressure pump to shut down and stop pumping air. When the first pressure sensor detects that the pressure inside the negative pressure container is higher than the preset lower limit of the energy storage pressure, the main controller controls the negative pressure pump to turn on and start pumping air. This cycle repeats continuously to ensure that the pressure inside the negative pressure container is always maintained between the lower and upper limits of the energy storage pressure.

[0047] It should be noted that the "lower limit of energy storage pressure" mentioned in this invention refers to a negative pressure threshold (e.g., -65 kPa), which means that when the algebraic value of the pressure inside the negative pressure container is greater than this threshold (i.e., the negative pressure intensity is lower than this threshold), the negative pressure pump needs to be started to replenish the energy storage.

[0048] The upper limit of the energy storage pressure can be selected from -80 kPa to -90 kPa, and the lower limit of the energy storage pressure can be selected from -60 kPa to -70 kPa. In this embodiment, the upper limit of the energy storage pressure is set to -85 kPa, and the lower limit of the energy storage pressure is set to -65 kPa.

[0049] The combination of the negative pressure container and the one-way valve isolates the negative pressure pump from the hand tool pipeline in terms of air pressure, providing a structural basis for intermittent operation and pressure pre-adjustment before bonding.

[0050] S2, Equilibrium Phase After the energy storage phase is completed, the main controller initiates the balancing phase. At the start of the balancing phase, the handpiece controller, according to the main controller's instructions, de-energizes the two-position three-way solenoid valve. At this time, the handpiece tip is disconnected from the handpiece pipeline and connected to the atmosphere. The pressure detected by the third pressure sensor is atmospheric pressure. The handpiece pipeline becomes a closed space, and the pressure detected by the second pressure sensor is the current pressure value within the handpiece pipeline.

[0051] Based on the difference between the pressure value detected by the second pressure sensor and the preset treatment pressure value, the main controller controls the opening of the proportional solenoid valve to reduce the pressure in the handpiece tubing to the treatment pressure value. When the pressure value detected by the second pressure sensor matches the treatment pressure value, the main controller continuously adjusts the opening of the proportional solenoid valve to maintain the pressure in the handpiece tubing near the treatment pressure value.

[0052] The key to the balancing phase is that pressure regulation is completed before the end of the handpiece adheres to the skin. At this point, the handpiece tubing is disconnected from the end of the handpiece. Since the volume of the handpiece tubing is much larger than that of the end of the handpiece, the handpiece tubing itself can act as an independent buffer chamber, stably maintaining its internal pressure. The main controller precisely adjusts the tubing pressure to the target value through a proportional solenoid valve. This ensures that the system has a precise reference pressure during subsequent adhesion testing. The pressure at the moment of adhesion is no longer generated by "blindly pulling," but is preset and controllable.

[0053] Depending on the skin characteristics and tolerance of different treatment sites (such as the face, abdomen, and periocular area), the treatment pressure can be selected at different levels within the range of -30 kPa to -65 kPa. For example, facial treatment can be set to -30 kPa to -40 kPa to avoid bruising; abdominal treatment can be set to -50 kPa to -65 kPa to ensure stable adsorption. In this embodiment, the treatment pressure is set to -50 kPa. In the basic implementation of this invention, the treatment pressure is the final treatment holding pressure.

[0054] The proportional solenoid valve's opening adjustment employs a conventional PID control algorithm. It compares the real-time reading of the second pressure sensor's reading with the treatment pressure value, calculates the deviation, and outputs a control quantity to rapidly and stably converge the pipeline pressure to the target value. The proportional, integral, and derivative coefficients of the PID control can be conventionally tuned based on the system's response characteristics, and can be determined by those skilled in the art based on actual debugging results.

[0055] S3, Adhesion Testing Stage like Figure 4 and Figure 5 After the balancing phase is completed, the host controller begins to check whether the end of the handpiece is in contact with the skin according to a preset detection cycle. The detection cycle can be set from 200ms to 1000ms.

[0056] During each detection cycle, the main controller sends a command to the handpiece controller to momentarily energize and switch the two-position three-way solenoid valve, briefly connecting the handpiece end to the handpiece pipeline. The duration of the energization switch can be set from 3ms to 10ms, preferably 5ms. Simultaneously with the connection, the main controller reads the value from the third pressure sensor.

[0057] The logic for the fit detection is as follows: Since a precise target pressure value has been pre-established in the handpiece tubing, when the handpiece tip fits against the skin, a sealed cavity is formed between the handpiece tip and the skin. After instantaneous connection, the gas in this sealed cavity is quickly extracted, and the value of the third pressure sensor will rapidly drop to near the tubing pressure value. When the handpiece tip is not fitted, the handpiece tip is open to the atmosphere, and after instantaneous connection, the value of the third pressure sensor remains near atmospheric pressure.

[0058] Therefore, when the pressure value read from the third pressure sensor is greater than the preset adhesion judgment threshold, it is determined that the end of the handpiece is not in close contact with the skin; when the read pressure value is less than or equal to the preset adhesion judgment threshold, it is determined that the end of the handpiece is in close contact with the skin. The adhesion judgment threshold can be set to -3kPa to -8kPa. In this embodiment, the adhesion judgment threshold is set to -5kPa.

[0059] This "pre-adjusted pressure → instantaneous connection → pressure comparison" judgment method is faster and more accurate than the existing technology's "first fit, then evacuate, then detect absolute pressure value" method, and the pressure at the moment of fit is controllable.

[0060] Therefore, by setting the target adsorption pressure before application and verifying the application status by instantaneous connection during the application detection stage, the safety hazards such as skin bruising and capillary rupture caused by excessive pressure during application, or unstable adsorption and treatment head detachment caused by insufficient pressure are effectively avoided, thus improving the safety of the treatment process.

[0061] As another optional preferred embodiment, after confirming a tight fit between the handpiece tip and the skin in the fit detection phase S3, the system does not immediately enter the micro-flow maintenance phase S4, which targets the final treatment pressure. Instead, it first performs a gradual adsorption phase S3-1. In this preferred embodiment, the target adsorption pressure value preset in the balancing phase S2 is not the final treatment maintenance pressure value, but an initial safety pressure value with a lower absolute value.

[0062] S3-1, Gradual Adsorption Stage In this stage, the host controller gradually adjusts the pressure control target from the target adsorption pressure value preset in the equilibrium stage S2 (set to -20 kPa in this embodiment) to the preset treatment maintenance pressure value (set to -50 kPa in this embodiment) according to a preset pressure change rate. Specifically, the host controller reads the feedback value of the second pressure sensor in real time and uses a PID control algorithm to dynamically adjust the opening of the proportional solenoid valve, so that the actual pressure in the handpiece tubing strictly tracks a preset pressure change curve. This pressure change curve can be a linear ramp curve (e.g., rising uniformly at a rate of 2 kPa / s) or an S-shaped curve (slow at first, then fast, then slow again) to adapt to the biomechanical characteristics of different skin tissues.

[0063] The target adsorption pressure value (i.e., the initial pressure of the gradual adsorption phase) is a low absolute value, sufficient only to produce an initial adsorption sensation without causing skin bruising, and is considered a safe negative pressure. The treatment holding pressure value is a working negative pressure value determined according to the treatment site and type, ensuring stable adsorption and preventing detachment of the treatment head during operation. Both the pressure change rate and the treatment holding pressure value can be set by the doctor through a host computer interface to adapt to different patients' skin laxity and sensitivity.

[0064] Once the pressure at the end of the handpiece reaches the treatment holding pressure value, the main controller exits the gradual adsorption stage and enters the subsequent micro-flow holding stage S4, maintaining negative pressure with the treatment holding pressure value as the target.

[0065] The introduction of this gradual adsorption phase transforms the negative pressure establishment process from a traditional step-like impact to a smooth gradual increase. Skin tissue gradually adapts to the increasing adsorption force over several seconds to tens of seconds, effectively preventing the instantaneous rupture of microvessels and the patient's stinging sensation. Simultaneously, because a high therapeutic holding pressure value is ultimately achieved, the adsorption stability of the treatment head is fully guaranteed, resolving the clinical contradiction between unstable low-pressure adsorption and high-pressure impact damage.

[0066] S4, Micro-flow maintenance phase After the handpiece controller performs a fit detection and confirms that the handpiece tip is in close contact with the skin, the main controller enters the micro-flow maintenance phase. The main controller sends a command to the handpiece controller to keep the two-position three-way solenoid valve energized, ensuring direct connection between the handpiece tip and the handpiece tubing. Simultaneously, the main controller dynamically adjusts the opening of the proportional solenoid valve by reading the pressure value from the second pressure sensor in real time, maintaining stable pressure in the handpiece tubing.

[0067] Once the end of the handpiece fits snugly against the skin, only a tiny gap remains between the end of the handpiece and the skin, resulting in minimal gas leakage. The proportional solenoid valve only needs to make a very small opening to compensate for the pressure loss caused by leakage, thus maintaining stable negative pressure. During the micro-flow maintenance phase, the gas flow rate can be controlled within the range of 0.1 L / min to 0.5 L / min.

[0068] During the micro-flow maintenance phase, the pressure inside the negative pressure container decreases slowly. When the first pressure sensor detects that the pressure inside the negative pressure container is lower than the lower limit of the energy storage pressure, the negative pressure pump remains stopped; when the first pressure sensor detects that the pressure inside the negative pressure container is higher than the lower limit of the energy storage pressure, the main controller restarts the negative pressure pump to replenish the energy storage.

[0069] Since the volume of the negative pressure vessel is much larger than that of the hand tool pipeline (usually more than a thousand times), during the micro-flow maintenance phase, when only the pressure loss caused by the minor leakage is replenished, the pressure drop rate inside the negative pressure vessel is extremely slow. Therefore, the negative pressure pump does not need to be started frequently and can achieve intermittent operation.

[0070] S5, Release Phase Upon receiving the release command, the handpiece controller de-energizes the two-position three-way solenoid valve to connect the end of the handpiece to the atmosphere, releasing the negative pressure.

[0071] like Figures 4-5 As shown, the above five control processes must be executed in the order of S1-S5, and there are clear temporal dependencies between each stage: After the energy storage phase is completed, the pressure inside the negative pressure vessel is maintained between the lower and upper limits of the energy storage pressure, providing a stable negative pressure source for subsequent phases. The main controller only allows the balancing phase to begin after confirming that the pressure value of the first pressure sensor is lower than the upper limit of the energy storage pressure.

[0072] After the balancing phase is completed, the pressure in the handpiece tubing stabilizes near the treatment pressure value. The main controller only allows the fit detection phase after confirming that the deviation between the pressure value of the second pressure sensor and the treatment pressure value is within the allowable range (e.g., deviation less than ±2 kPa) and remains stable for a preset time (e.g., 1 second).

[0073] During the fit detection phase, the main controller performs fit judgments according to a preset cycle. Only after multiple consecutive tests (e.g., 3 consecutive tests) confirm that the end of the handpiece is in close fit with the skin is the micro-flow maintenance phase allowed. If a single test determines that the fit is not in place, the system returns to the beginning of the fit detection phase to perform the next test. If the number of consecutive failed tests exceeds a preset limit (e.g., 5 times), the system is considered to be in malfunction or leaking in the pipeline, and the system returns to the balancing phase to re-establish the pipeline pressure.

[0074] The micro-flow holding phase continues until the host controller receives a pressure relief command. Upon receiving the release command, the host controller immediately exits the micro-flow holding phase and enters the release phase.

[0075] After the release phase is completed, the system returns to standby mode, waiting for the next work instruction.

[0076] The time-dependent relationship of the above five-stage control process ensures that each stage is executed under the correct conditions, enabling the negative pressure control system of this invention to operate stably and reliably. Among them, the balancing stage completes pressure pre-adjustment before bonding, and the bonding detection stage judges the bonding state by pressure comparison. This "pre-adjustment → bonding → comparison" control logic is the core feature that distinguishes it from the "bonding → detection → adjustment" mode of the prior art.

[0077] Throughout the control process, three pressure sensors work together. Figure 3 and Figure 5 The first pressure sensor is installed on the negative pressure container, located inside the main unit of the equipment. Its detection value is used to control the start and stop of the negative pressure pump. The main controller uses the detection value of the first pressure sensor as the sole criterion for determining whether the negative pressure pump is starting or stopping. When the detection value is lower than the lower limit of the energy storage pressure, the negative pressure pump stops; when the detection value is higher than the upper limit of the energy storage pressure, the negative pressure pump starts. The sampling frequency of the first pressure sensor can be set from 1Hz to 10Hz.

[0078] The second pressure sensor is located inside the main unit of the device and is connected between the proportional solenoid valve and the handpiece tubing. Its detected value is used to control the opening degree of the proportional solenoid valve. The main unit controller uses the detected value of the second pressure sensor as the input for the proportional solenoid valve adjustment. Employing a PID control algorithm, it sends adjustment commands to the proportional solenoid valve through the handpiece controller, ensuring that the detected value of the second pressure sensor matches the treatment pressure value. The sampling frequency of the second pressure sensor is higher than that of the first pressure sensor and can be set from 50Hz to 200Hz.

[0079] The third pressure sensor is located at the end of the handpiece, inside the handpiece itself. Its readings serve two purposes: first, to determine whether the handpiece end is in contact with the skin during the adhesion detection phase; and second, to monitor the stability of the end pressure during the micro-flow maintenance phase. If the reading from the third pressure sensor fluctuates abnormally during the micro-flow maintenance phase, the main controller can re-execute the adhesion detection or balancing phase. The sampling frequency of the third pressure sensor is consistent with that of the second pressure sensor.

[0080] The readings from the three pressure sensors form a closed-loop control system in the main controller: the first pressure sensor ensures the stability of the negative pressure source; the second pressure sensor enables precise regulation of the pipeline pressure; and the third pressure sensor provides feedback on the actual pressure at the end point, used to correct adjustment parameters or trigger stage switching. The sampling frequency and response speed of each sensor are set according to their respective control requirements.

[0081] The coordinated control of three pressure sensors enables the negative pressure control system of this invention to accurately monitor the pressure status of the negative pressure container, the hand tool pipeline, and the hand tool end, providing a data basis for accurate switching between each stage. In particular, the role of the second pressure sensor in the balancing stage allows the system to accurately establish a reference pressure before bonding, which is key to realizing the "pre-adjustment" logic.

[0082] The energy-storing negative pressure control system and method described in this embodiment can be applied to skin treatment devices. Skin treatment devices include radiofrequency ablation devices, multi-needle injection devices, etc. Taking a radiofrequency ablation device as an example, the front end of the treatment handpiece is equipped with electrodes and a negative pressure adsorption groove. The energy-storing negative pressure control system of this invention is connected to the main unit of the radiofrequency ablation device. The main unit controller maintains communication with the main control circuit of the treatment device, receiving commands and operating parameters.

[0083] As a basic embodiment of the present invention, during the treatment process, the operator aligns the suction groove of the treatment handpiece with the skin area to be treated. The system automatically executes the following steps: The first step, the energy storage stage: the main controller controls the negative pressure pump to evacuate the negative pressure container, so that the pressure of the negative pressure container is maintained between -65kPa and -85kPa.

[0084] The second step, the balancing phase: The main controller adjusts the opening of the proportional solenoid valve to stabilize the pressure in the handpiece tubing at the treatment pressure value (e.g., -50 kPa). During this phase, the end of the handpiece is disconnected from the handpiece tubing, and the pressure adjustment is completed before application.

[0085] The third step is the skin adhesion detection stage: the main controller sends instructions to the hand controller according to a preset cycle, controls the two-position three-way solenoid valve to be turned on instantaneously, reads the value of the third pressure sensor, and judges the skin adhesion status by pressure comparison.

[0086] Step 4, Micro-flow Maintenance Stage: After confirming the fit, the main controller keeps the two-position three-way solenoid valve connected, the proportional solenoid valve maintains negative pressure with a small opening, and the main unit begins to output radio frequency energy.

[0087] Fifth step, release phase: After treatment is completed, the host sends a release command, the host controller controls the two-position three-way solenoid valve to cut off the power, the end of the handpiece is connected to the atmosphere, and the skin is released.

[0088] Thanks to the adoption of a separate structure of "main unit energy storage + hand tool execution" and a control logic of "pre-adjustment → bonding → comparison", the system of this invention can accurately preset the adsorption pressure before bonding, making the pressure controllable at the moment of bonding; at the same time, the negative pressure pump operates intermittently, extending the equipment life; micro-flow maintenance reduces the risk of drug solution and tissue fluid being drawn into the pipeline, avoiding pipeline blockage; and reduces irritation to the skin wound surface, reducing bleeding.

[0089] In a preferred embodiment that includes a gradual adsorption phase, the treatment procedure is adjusted as follows: The first step, the energy storage stage: the main controller controls the negative pressure pump to evacuate the negative pressure container, so that the pressure of the negative pressure container is maintained between -65kPa and -85kPa.

[0090] The second step, the balancing stage: The main controller adjusts the opening of the proportional solenoid valve to stabilize the pressure in the hand tool pipeline at the initial safe pressure value (e.g., -20 kPa). During this stage, the end of the hand tool is disconnected from the hand tool pipeline, and the pressure adjustment is completed before contact.

[0091] The third step is the skin adhesion detection stage: the main controller sends instructions to the hand controller according to a preset cycle, controls the two-position three-way solenoid valve to be turned on instantaneously, reads the value of the third pressure sensor, and judges the skin adhesion status by pressure comparison.

[0092] The fourth step, the gradual adsorption stage: The main controller controls the proportional solenoid valve to slowly increase the pressure at the end of the handpiece from -20 kPa to the treatment holding pressure value (e.g., -50 kPa) at a preset rate (e.g., 2 kPa / s). Step 5, Micro-flow maintenance stage: After reaching -50kPa, the main controller keeps the two-position three-way solenoid valve closed, the proportional solenoid valve maintains the negative pressure with a small opening, and the main unit starts to output radio frequency energy.

[0093] Step 6, Release Phase: After treatment is completed, the host sends a release command, the host controller controls the two-position three-way solenoid valve to de-energize, the end of the handpiece is connected to the atmosphere, and the skin is released.

[0094] Compared to the basic approach, the control logic of this approach changes to: pre-adjustment (establishing a low-pressure starting point) → adhesion detection → gradual pressure increase (actively controlling the pressure increase rate) → treatment pressure maintenance. This optimized approach inherits the advantage of the basic approach—"controllable pressure at the moment of adhesion"—while further resolving the impact issue during pressure increase. By actively controlling the pressure increase rate, the pressure rises smoothly, allowing the skin sufficient time to adapt, significantly improving the comfort of treatment in sensitive areas and reducing the incidence of bruising.

[0095] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A storage-type negative pressure control system, comprising a main unit and a treatment handpiece, wherein the main unit and the treatment handpiece are connected via a handpiece conduit, characterized in that: The main unit of the equipment is equipped with a negative pressure pump and a main unit controller. The negative pressure pump is connected to a negative pressure container through a one-way valve. A first pressure sensor is installed on the negative pressure container. One port of the negative pressure container is connected to the first port of a proportional solenoid valve. The second port of the proportional solenoid valve is connected to one end of the hand tool pipeline. A second pressure sensor is installed between the proportional solenoid valve and the hand tool pipeline. The treatment handpiece is equipped with a two-position three-way solenoid valve and a handpiece controller. The air inlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve is connected to the end of the handpiece through a filter. The first air outlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve is connected to the other end of the handpiece pipeline, and the second air outlet is open to the atmosphere. When the power is off, the two-position three-way solenoid valve connects the air inlet to the second air outlet. When the power is on, the air inlet connects to the first air outlet. A third pressure sensor is provided at the end of the handpiece. The main controller is electrically connected to the negative pressure pump, the proportional solenoid valve, the first pressure sensor, and the second pressure sensor, and is also communicatively connected to the handpiece controller. The handpiece controller is electrically connected to the two-position three-way solenoid valve and the third pressure sensor.

2. The energy storage negative pressure control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume of the hand tool pipeline is greater than the volume of the hand tool end, and the volume of the negative pressure container is greater than the volume of the hand tool pipeline.

3. The energy storage negative pressure control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The volume of the hand tool pipeline is 50 to 200 times the volume of the hand tool end; the volume of the negative pressure container is 1000 to 2000 times the volume of the hand tool pipeline.

4. A method for controlling energy storage negative pressure, characterized in that: The control method of the energy storage negative pressure control system according to any one of claims 1-3 includes the following steps; Energy storage stage: Start the negative pressure pump to evacuate the negative pressure container and maintain the pressure inside the negative pressure container within the preset energy storage pressure range; Balancing phase: After the energy storage phase is completed, disconnect the end of the handpiece from the handpiece tubing, and adjust the pressure in the handpiece tubing to the preset treatment pressure value through the proportional solenoid valve, so that the treatment pressure value is established before the end of the handpiece adheres to the skin; Fitting test stage: After the balancing stage is completed, the two-position three-way solenoid valve is briefly connected to the end of the handpiece and the handpiece tube for 3ms-10ms. The pressure value of the end of the handpiece is read and compared with the pressure in the handpiece tube to determine whether the end of the handpiece is in contact with the skin. Micro-flow maintenance stage: After confirming the fit, keep the end of the handpiece connected to the handpiece pipeline, and replenish the gas leakage through the proportional solenoid valve to maintain the negative pressure stability at the end of the handpiece; Release phase: Upon receiving the release command, the two-position three-way solenoid valve is de-energized, connecting the end of the handpiece to the atmosphere and releasing the negative pressure.

5. The energy storage negative pressure control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: During the energy storage phase, the negative pressure pump operates intermittently. When the pressure inside the negative pressure container reaches the upper limit of the energy storage pressure, the pumping stops, and when the pressure inside the negative pressure container drops to the lower limit of the energy storage pressure, the pumping restarts.

6. The energy storage negative pressure control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: During the bonding detection stage, the two-position three-way solenoid valve is briefly turned on for 3ms-10ms to connect the end of the handpiece to the handpiece pipeline, and the bonding status is determined by comparing the pressure value at the end of the handpiece with the preset bonding judgment threshold. If the single detection determines that the handpiece is not bonded, the process returns to the bonding detection stage for re-detection. If the number of consecutive test failures exceeds the preset limit, the system will return to the balancing phase to re-establish pipeline pressure.

7. The energy storage negative pressure control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: After confirming the adhesion between the handpiece tip and the skin during the fit testing phase and before entering the micro-flow maintenance phase, the following steps are also included: Gradual adsorption stage: Control the proportional solenoid valve to make the pressure at the end of the handpiece gradually change from the preset target adsorption pressure value in the equilibrium stage to the preset treatment maintenance pressure value according to the preset pressure change rate. The micro-flow maintenance phase begins after the pressure at the end of the handpiece reaches the therapeutic pressure value.

8. The energy storage negative pressure control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the gradual adsorption phase, the pressure change rate is either a linear rate or a non-linear curve rate, and both the pressure change rate and the treatment holding pressure value are adjustable parameters.

9. The energy storage negative pressure control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The absolute value of the target adsorption pressure value preset in the equilibrium phase is less than the absolute value of the treatment pressure value.

10. A skin treatment device, characterized in that: Negative pressure adsorption is performed using the energy storage negative pressure control method described in any one of claims 4 to 9.

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