An automatic tapping device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of machining equipment, and particularly relates to an automatic tapping device, which comprises a machine body, an automatic feeding mechanism, a conveying track, a fixing mechanism, a tapping mechanism and a PLC control box arranged on the machine body; the automatic feeding mechanism, the fixing mechanism and the tapping mechanism are electrically connected with the PLC control box; the top surface of the conveying track is provided with a conveying groove; the fixing mechanism comprises a lifting plate, a driving piece and an inner support clamping assembly; the tapping mechanism comprises a movable mounting plate, a second servo motor, a tapping rod and a driving unit; the inner support clamping assembly is used to replace the traditional side clamping or single plane clamping, and simultaneously supports the workpiece from the inside, so that the clamping force is evenly distributed on the inner wall of the workpiece, and the problems of deviation and deformation of the cylindrical workpiece caused by uneven stress are effectively avoided; the inner support clamping assembly can be adjusted in spacing through the driving assembly, so as to be suitable for cylindrical workpieces with different diameters; and the flexible gasket avoids the abrasion of the inner wall of the workpiece caused by rigid clamping.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mechanical processing equipment technology, and specifically relates to an automatic tapping device. Background Technology

[0002] Automatic tapping devices are key equipment used in machining to process internal threads on workpieces. Compared with manual tapping, they have significant advantages such as high processing efficiency, low labor intensity, and good tapping consistency. They have been widely used in many industries such as machinery manufacturing, auto parts, and hardware processing.

[0003] In actual production, for cylindrical mechanical parts (such as bushings, sleeves, etc.), it is often necessary to machine internal threads on their sides to meet assembly requirements.

[0004] However, the clamping mechanisms of existing automatic tapping devices have obvious defects: most of them use a single plane clamp or a side clamping structure. The force of this type of clamping method is concentrated in a local area of ​​the workpiece surface. For cylindrical workpieces, on the one hand, the uneven distribution of clamping force can easily cause the workpiece to be misaligned, which in turn leads to problems such as thread axis deviation and insufficient thread accuracy during tapping. On the other hand, the direction of the force of side clamping is perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical workpiece, which can easily cause plastic deformation of thin-walled cylindrical workpieces, seriously affecting the product qualification rate and further restricting the improvement of processing efficiency.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this application proposes an automatic tapping device. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this invention provides an automatic tapping device, which is convenient to use, has high processing efficiency, and is highly safe. It aims to solve the problems of workpiece offset, deformation, and insufficient thread accuracy caused by uneven clamping force when tapping the side of cylindrical workpieces in the prior art. At the same time, it realizes full automation of feeding, positioning, and tapping, thereby improving processing efficiency and equipment applicability.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automatic tapping device, comprising a body and an automatic feeding mechanism, a conveying track, a fixing mechanism, a tapping mechanism, and a PLC control box disposed on the body; The automatic feeding mechanism, fixing mechanism, and tapping mechanism are all electrically connected to the PLC control box, and the top surface of the conveying track is provided with a conveying groove; The fixing mechanism includes a lifting plate, a driving member that drives the lifting plate to move axially along the cylindrical mechanical component, and an inner support clamping assembly disposed on the lifting plate and used to fix the inner support of the cylindrical mechanical component. The tapping mechanism includes a movable mounting plate that can move along the tapping direction, a second servo motor mounted on the movable mounting plate, a tapping rod mounted on the output shaft of the second servo motor, and a drive unit for driving the movable mounting plate to move along the tapping direction.

[0008] Preferably, the automatic feeding mechanism includes a vibrating feeder and a straight vibrator fixed to the machine body; the discharge end of the vibrating feeder is connected to the inlet end of the conveying trough, and the conveying track is located on top of the straight vibrator.

[0009] Preferably, the driving component includes a fixed frame fixed to the machine body and a vertical cylinder fixed to the fixed frame; the lifting plate is fixed to the piston rod end of the vertical cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the inner support clamping assembly includes two symmetrically distributed movable plates and a driving assembly for driving the two movable plates to move toward or in opposite directions; both ends of the movable plates have bent portions that bend outwards, and flexible pads are fixed on the clamping surfaces of the bent portions.

[0011] Preferably, the drive assembly includes two symmetrically distributed fixed plates, a bidirectional threaded screw rotatably disposed between the two fixed plates, and a first servo motor for driving the bidirectional threaded screw to rotate; the fixed plates are fixed to the lifting plate; the two moving plates are respectively engaged with two reverse threads of the bidirectional threaded screw; the first servo motor is fixed to the fixed plates.

[0012] Preferably, the drive assembly further includes guide rods arranged parallel to the bidirectional threaded screw; the two guide rods are symmetrically fixed between the two fixed plates and pass through the movable plate.

[0013] Preferably, the mounting bracket is equipped with a photoelectric sensor, and the photoelectric sensor is facing the tapping station.

[0014] Preferably, the drive unit includes a transmission plate fixed to the end of the movable mounting plate and a servo electric cylinder fixed to the body of the machine; a guide sliding hole is provided on the body for the transmission plate to pass through, and the piston rod of the servo electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the transmission plate.

[0015] Preferably, it further includes guide rails and guide sliders; the two guide rails are symmetrically fixed to the body, and the guide sliders are fixed to the bottom surface of the movable mounting plate and slide in cooperation with the guide rails.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The internal support clamping assembly replaces the traditional side clamping or single-plane clamping, and opens synchronously from the inside of the workpiece, so that the clamping force is evenly distributed on the inner wall of the workpiece. This effectively avoids the offset and deformation problems caused by uneven force on cylindrical workpieces, and significantly improves the coaxiality and accuracy of thread processing. 2. The internal support clamping assembly can adjust the spacing through the drive assembly to adapt to cylindrical workpieces of different diameters. The flexible padding avoids wear on the inner wall of the workpiece caused by rigid clamping.

[0017] Other additional advantages and benefits of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the isometric structure of the fixing mechanism in this invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of the inner support clamping component; Figure 4 This is an isometric structural diagram of the tapping mechanism in this invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Machine body; 11. Guide slide hole; 2. Automatic feeding mechanism; 21. Vibrating feeder; 22. Straight vibrator; 3. Conveying track; 31. Conveying trough; 4. Fixing mechanism; 41. Fixing frame; 42. Vertical cylinder; 43. Lifting plate; 44. Internal support clamping assembly; 441. Moving plate; 4411. Bending part; 442. Flexible pad; 443. Drive assembly; 4431. Fixing plate; 4432. Bidirectional threaded screw; 4433. First servo motor; 4434. Guide rod; 45. Photoelectric sensor; 5. Tapping mechanism; 51. Movable mounting plate; 52. Second servo motor; 53. Tapping rod; 54. Transmission plate; 55. Servo electric cylinder; 56. Guide rail; 57. Guide slider; 6. PLC control box. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see Figures 1-4 The present invention provides the following technical solution: an automatic tapping device, including a body 1 and an automatic feeding mechanism 2, a conveying track 3, a fixing mechanism 4, a tapping mechanism 5 and a PLC control box 6 disposed on the body 1.

[0022] Furthermore, by Figures 1-3 As shown, in this embodiment, the automatic feeding mechanism 2, the fixing mechanism 4, and the tapping mechanism 5 are all electrically connected to the PLC control box 6. The top surface of the conveying track 3 is provided with a conveying groove 31. The fixing mechanism 4 includes a lifting plate 43, a driving component that drives the lifting plate 43 to move axially along the cylindrical mechanical component, and an inner support clamping assembly 44 provided on the lifting plate 43 for fixing the inner support of the cylindrical mechanical component. The tapping mechanism 5 includes a movable mounting plate 51 that can move along the tapping direction, a second servo motor 52 provided on the movable mounting plate 51, a tapping rod 53 provided on the output shaft of the second servo motor 52, and a driving unit for driving the movable mounting plate 51 to move along the tapping direction. With the above scheme, when in use, the operator first presets the tapping processing parameters through the PLC control box 6, including the feeding frequency, conveying speed, inner support clamping force, tapping speed, tapping feed amount, and retraction speed. After completing the parameter setting and starting the device, the entire automatic tapping process is carried out in an orderly manner under the centralized and coordinated control of the PLC control box 6.

[0023] First, the automatic feeding mechanism 2 starts under the trigger of the PLC control signal, and feeds the cylindrical mechanical parts to be processed one by one into the conveying groove 31 of the conveying track 3. The structure of the conveying groove 31 is adapted to the shape of the cylindrical mechanical parts, which can play a circumferential limiting role for the parts and prevent them from deviating or overturning during the conveying process. At the same time, the conveying track 3 conveys the cylindrical mechanical parts to the processing station corresponding to the fixed mechanism 4 at a preset speed. When the parts reach the preset processing position, the conveying track 3 stops conveying and feeds back a signal to the fixed mechanism 4 through the PLC control box 6, triggering the start of the fixed process.

[0024] After receiving the trigger signal, the fixing mechanism 4 activates its drive unit under PLC control, driving the lifting plate 43 to move axially along the cylindrical mechanical component. This allows the inner support clamping assembly 44 on the lifting plate 43 to precisely extend into the internal cavity of the cylindrical mechanical component to be processed. Subsequently, the inner support clamping assembly 44 actuates, applying a uniform clamping force from the inside of the component to the circumference, thus achieving internal support fixation of the cylindrical mechanical component. The internal support fixation method can effectively avoid the squeezing damage to the outer surface of the component caused by the traditional external clamping fixation. At the same time, it can ensure that the component maintains coaxiality with the tapping rod 53 during the tapping process, eliminating tapping deviation caused by clamping offset and improving processing accuracy. After the inner support clamping assembly 44 completes fixation and sends a "clamping in place" signal to the PLC control box 6, the PLC control box 6 sends a start command to the tapping mechanism 5.

[0025] After the tapping mechanism 5 is started, its drive unit, under the control of the PLC, drives the movable mounting plate 51 to move smoothly along the preset tapping direction (i.e., the radial direction of the cylindrical mechanical part), so that the tapping rod 53 on the movable mounting plate 51 gradually approaches the tapping hole of the part to be processed until the tip of the tapping rod 53 is precisely aligned with the tapping hole. At this time, the drive unit stops feeding, and the PLC control box 6 controls the second servo motor 52 to start at the preset speed. The output shaft of the second servo motor 52 drives the tapping rod 53 to rotate at high speed. At the same time, the drive unit starts synchronously and pushes the movable mounting plate 51 to feed slowly according to the preset feed amount, so that the rotating tapping rod 53 is uniformly tapped into the tapping hole of the cylindrical mechanical part, completing the internal thread processing.

[0026] When the tapping rod 53 penetrates to the preset depth, the PLC control box 6 controls the second servo motor 52 to reverse, and at the same time the drive unit drives the movable mounting plate 51 to move in the opposite direction of tapping, so that the tapping rod 53 exits the finished threaded hole at a uniform speed, avoiding scratches and burrs on the thread surface. After the tapping rod 53 has completely exited the component and returned to the initial position, the second servo motor 52 stops running, and the drive unit drives the movable mounting plate 51 to reset.

[0027] After the tapping mechanism 5 is reset, the PLC control box 6 sends a release command to the fixing mechanism 4. The inner support clamping assembly 44 releases its inner support state, and the driving component drives the lifting plate 43 and the inner support clamping assembly 44 to reset axially and disengage from the cylindrical mechanical parts. Subsequently, the PLC control box 6 controls the conveying track 3 to restart, and conveys the cylindrical mechanical parts that have completed the tapping process to the unloading area. At the same time, the automatic feeding mechanism 2 synchronously conveys the next part to be processed to the processing station, and enters the next round of automatic tapping cycle, realizing continuous and automated processing.

[0028] Optionally, by Figure 1 As shown in this embodiment, the automatic feeding mechanism 2 includes a vibrating feeding plate 21 fixed to the machine body 1 and a straight vibrator 22; the discharge end of the vibrating feeding plate 21 is connected to the inlet end of the conveying trough 31, and the conveying track 3 is located on the top of the straight vibrator 22. With the above scheme, when in use, the vibrating feeding plate 21 fixed to the machine body 1 generates directional vibration after being powered on, and sorts and arranges the cylindrical mechanical parts to be processed inside the plate, so that all the cylindrical mechanical parts are conveyed to the discharge end of the vibrating feeding plate 21 one by one according to the preset posture (such as the opening facing the same direction and the axis parallel to the conveying direction); since the discharge end of the vibrating feeding plate 21 is precisely connected to the inlet end of the conveying trough 31 of the conveying track 3, the sorted cylindrical mechanical parts can directly enter the conveying trough 31.

[0029] At the same time, the linear vibrator 22 located at the bottom of the conveying track 3 is started synchronously. The linear vibration generated by the linear vibrator 22 is transmitted to the conveying track 3, driving the cylindrical mechanical component located in the conveying trough 31 to move in a uniform linear motion along the extension direction of the conveying trough 31. The trough size of the conveying trough 31 is adapted to the outer diameter of the cylindrical mechanical component, which can form a reliable circumferential limit on the component, preventing the component from deflecting or tipping during the conveying process, and ensuring that the component always maintains a precise conveying posture.

[0030] Optionally, by Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the driving component includes a fixed frame 41 fixed to the machine body 1 and a vertical cylinder 42 fixed to the fixed frame 41; the lifting plate 43 is fixed to the piston rod end of the vertical cylinder 42. With the above solution, during use, the fixed frame 41 serves as the installation base, providing stable support and positioning for the vertical cylinder 42, ensuring that the extension and retraction direction of the piston rod of the vertical cylinder 42 is completely consistent with the axial direction of the cylindrical mechanical component; after receiving the command, the piston rod of the vertical cylinder 42 extends according to the preset stroke, driving the lifting plate 43 fixed to the piston rod end to move synchronously along the axial direction of the cylindrical mechanical component, thereby pushing the inner support clamping assembly 44 provided on the lifting plate 43 to accurately extend into the internal cavity of the cylindrical mechanical component to be processed, until the outer support surface of the inner support clamping assembly 44 and the inner wall of the cylindrical mechanical component are in a suitable position to be tightened.

[0031] Optionally, by Figures 1-3 As shown, in this embodiment, the inner support clamping assembly 44 includes two symmetrically distributed movable plates 441 and a drive assembly 443 for driving the two movable plates 441 to move in opposite directions or in the opposite direction. The two ends of the movable plates 441 have bent portions 4411 that bend outwards, and a flexible pad 442 (such as a rubber pad, with a pressure sensor inside and electrically connected to the PLC control box 6) is fixed on the clamping surface of the bent portion 4411. With the above solution, when the vertical cylinder 42 drives the lifting plate 43 and the inner support clamping assembly 44 to extend into the internal cavity of the cylindrical mechanical part to be processed, the PLC control box 6 sends a clamping command to the drive assembly 443 of the inner support clamping assembly 44. After receiving the command, the drive assembly 443 starts and drives the two symmetrically distributed movable plates 441 to move in opposite directions in the horizontal direction, gradually approaching the inner wall of the cylindrical mechanical part.

[0032] The bending portion 4411, with both ends of the movable plate 441 bent outwards, can increase the contact area with the inner wall of the cylindrical mechanical component, avoiding excessive local stress that could cause deformation of the inner wall of the component. At the same time, the flexible pad 442 (rubber pad) fixed on the clamping surface of the bending portion 4411 first flexibly fits against the inner wall of the component, which can effectively prevent the metal movable plate 441 from directly contacting the inner wall of the component and causing surface damage such as scratches and wear. It can also adapt to the small concave and convex concave and convex concave of the inner wall by means of the elastic deformation of the flexible material, thereby improving the clamping fit.

[0033] As the drive assembly 443 continuously drives the moving plate 441 to open in the opposite direction, the flexible pad 442 is gradually compressed by the reaction force of the inner wall. The pressure sensor inside it synchronously collects the clamping pressure data in real time and transmits the data to the PLC control box 6. The PLC control box 6 compares the real-time pressure value with the preset clamping pressure threshold. When the pressure reaches the preset threshold, it immediately sends a stop command to the drive assembly 443. The drive assembly 443 locks the position of the moving plate 441, thereby achieving precise internal support and fixation of the cylindrical mechanical parts.

[0034] Optionally, by Figures 1-3 As shown, in this embodiment, the drive assembly 443 includes two symmetrically distributed fixed plates 4431, a bidirectional threaded screw 4432 rotatably disposed between the two fixed plates 4431, and a first servo motor 4433 for driving the bidirectional threaded screw 4432 to rotate; the fixed plates 4431 are fixed to the lifting plate 43; the two moving plates 441 respectively engage with the two reverse threads of the bidirectional threaded screw 4432; the first servo motor 4433 is fixed to the fixed plate 4431. With the above scheme, when the vertical cylinder 42 drives the lifting plate 43 and the inner support clamping assembly 44 to extend into the internal cavity of the cylindrical mechanical part to be processed, the PLC control box 6 sends a clamping command to the drive assembly 443 of the inner support clamping assembly 44, and the command is synchronously transmitted to the first servo motor 4433 of the drive assembly 443.

[0035] The two fixed plates 4431 are fixed to the lifting plate 43, forming a stable installation reference, providing reliable support for the bidirectional threaded screw 4432 and the first servo motor 4433, ensuring that the structure does not shift or vibrate during the transmission process.

[0036] After receiving the instruction, the first servo motor 4433 starts according to the PLC preset parameters and drives the bidirectional threaded screw 4432 to rotate around its own axis. Since the rotation of the bidirectional threaded screw 4432 is located between two fixed plates 4431, the fixed plates 4431 can form radial limits on both ends of the bidirectional threaded screw 4432, ensuring the coaxiality and stability of the rotation of the bidirectional threaded screw 4432. The two reverse threads of the bidirectional threaded screw 4432 form threaded engagement with the two moving plates 441 respectively. According to the principle of thread transmission, the rotational motion of the bidirectional threaded screw 4432 can be converted into the linear motion of the moving plates 441 along the axial direction of the bidirectional threaded screw 4432. And because the two threads rotate in opposite directions, when the bidirectional threaded screw 4432 rotates, the two moving plates 441 will move horizontally in opposite directions synchronously.

[0037] Preferably, by Figures 1-3As shown in this embodiment, the drive assembly 443 further includes a guide rod 4434 arranged parallel to the bidirectional threaded screw 4432; the two guide rods 4434 are symmetrically fixed between the two fixed plates 4431 and pass through the moving plate 441. With the above solution, in use, the guide rods 4434 are arranged parallel to the bidirectional threaded screw 4432 and pass through the moving plate 441, which can form a rigid constraint on the movement trajectory of the moving plate 441, forcibly limiting the moving plate 441 to only move in a straight line along the axial direction of the guide rods 4434, effectively preventing the circumferential deflection or tilting of the moving plate 441 due to the radial component force during the transmission process of the bidirectional threaded screw 4432, and ensuring that the two moving plates 441 always maintain a symmetrical parallel movement state.

[0038] In addition, the two guide rods 4434 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the bidirectional threaded screw 4432, which can make the moving plate 441 bear force evenly during movement, avoiding the moving plate 441 from jamming or shaking due to uneven force on one side. This ensures that the pressure distribution is uniform when the flexible pad 442 of the bent part 4411 at the end of the moving plate 441 contacts the inner wall of the cylindrical mechanical part. With the feedback control of the pressure sensor built into the flexible pad 442, the stability and consistency of the inner support clamping can be further improved, preventing the deformation of the inner wall of the workpiece due to excessive local pressure, or the displacement of the workpiece during tapping due to insufficient local pressure.

[0039] Preferably, by Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in this embodiment, a photoelectric sensor 45 (electrically connected to the PLC control box 6) is provided on the fixed frame 41, and the photoelectric sensor 45 faces the tapping station. With the above solution, when in use, the photoelectric sensor 45 faces the tapping station and is electrically connected to the PLC control box 6, which can detect in real time whether the cylindrical mechanical parts conveyed by the conveying track 3 have accurately reached the tapping station. When the workpiece is in place, the photoelectric sensor 45 feeds back the arrival signal to the PLC control box 6, and the PLC will trigger the internal support clamping action of the fixed mechanism 4. If there is no workpiece at the tapping station or the workpiece is offset, the photoelectric sensor 45 will not provide a valid signal feedback, and the PLC control box 6 will directly prohibit the fixed mechanism 4 and the tapping mechanism 5 from starting, so as to avoid wear and tooth breakage of the tapping rod 53 caused by empty pressure and empty rotation, and at the same time prevent the invalid wear of the mechanism caused by the empty stroke action of the internal support clamping component 44, thus extending the service life of the core components of the device.

[0040] Optionally, by Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the drive unit includes a transmission plate 54 fixed to the end of the movable mounting plate 51 and a servo cylinder 55 fixed inside the body 1. A guide hole 11 is provided on the body 1 for the transmission plate 54 to pass through. The piston rod of the servo cylinder 55 is fixedly connected to the transmission plate 54. With the above solution, during use, the servo cylinder 55 is fixed inside the body 1, providing stable and precise power output for the tapping feed action. One end of the transmission plate 54 is rigidly connected to the end of the movable mounting plate 51, and the other end passes through the guide hole 11 provided on the body 1 and is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the servo cylinder 55. The extension direction of the guide hole 11 is completely consistent with the preset tapping direction, which can form a strict linear guide constraint on the movement trajectory of the transmission plate 54, effectively preventing the transmission plate 54 from circumferentially deflecting or radially shaking during movement, and ensuring that the transmission plate 54 always moves in a straight line along the tapping direction.

[0041] After receiving the instruction from the PLC control box 6, the piston rod of the servo electric cylinder 55 retracts according to the preset feed speed and stroke. Through the fixed connection with the transmission plate 54, it drives the transmission plate 54 to move smoothly along the guide slide hole 11, thereby pulling the movable mounting plate 51 and the second servo motor 52 and tapping rod 53 mounted on it to feed synchronously towards the tapping station until the tip of the tapping rod 53 is precisely aligned with the tapping hole of the cylindrical mechanical part to be processed.

[0042] After the tapping rod 53 has penetrated to the preset depth, the PLC control box 6 issues a retraction command. The piston rod of the servo cylinder 55 extends in the opposite direction, driving the transmission plate 54, the movable mounting plate 51, and the tapping rod 53 to reset in the opposite direction of tapping until the tapping rod 53 is completely disengaged from the workpiece thread hole. After resetting to the initial position, the servo cylinder 55 stops moving and locks its position, waiting for the next tapping command.

[0043] Preferably, by Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment also includes a guide rail 56 and a guide slider 57. The two guide rails 56 are symmetrically fixed on the machine body 1, and the guide slider 57 is fixed to the bottom surface of the movable mounting plate 51 and slides in cooperation with the guide rails 56. With the above scheme, in use, the two guide rails 56 are symmetrically fixed on the machine body 1, and the guide slider 57 slides in cooperation with the guide rails 56 and is fixed to the bottom surface of the movable mounting plate 51, forming a double guide limiting structure with the guide sliding hole 11 on the machine body 1. The guide sliding hole 11 provides radial constraint to the transmission plate 54, while the guide rails 56 and the guide slider 57 provide full-stroke constraint to the overall movement trajectory of the movable mounting plate 51. The two work together to prevent problems such as circumferential deflection and radial sway of the movable mounting plate 51 during the feeding process, ensuring that the movable mounting plate 51 always makes high-precision linear motion along the tapping direction, ensuring the coaxiality of the tapping rod 53 and the tapping hole of the cylindrical mechanical component, and improving the machining accuracy of the internal thread from the root.

[0044] It should be noted that the electrical components involved in this invention are all commercially available conventional equipment with built-in power switches. Those skilled in the art can make conventional selections according to their needs. Their working principles are common knowledge known to those skilled in the art and have been fully disclosed in the prior art, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0045] The circuit connection involved in this invention is a conventional method used by those skilled in the art, and technical inspiration can be obtained through a limited number of experiments. It belongs to the widely used prior art.

[0046] Components not described in detail in this article are existing technologies.

[0047] Working principle and usage process of the present invention: When using the automatic tapping device of the present invention, the operator presets the core processing parameters through the PLC control box 6, including the vibration frequency of the vibrating feeder 21, the conveying speed of the straight vibrator 22, the lifting stroke of the vertical cylinder 42, the speed and torque of the first servo motor 4433, the clamping pressure threshold of the flexible pad 442, the tapping speed of the second servo motor 52, the retraction / extension speed of the servo electric cylinder 55, and the radial tapping stroke, etc. After the parameters are set and the device is started, the overall processing process is carried out in an orderly manner under the centralized closed-loop control of the PLC control box 6. First, the automatic feeding mechanism 2 starts running. After the vibrating feeding plate 21 fixed to the machine body 1 is powered on, it generates directional vibration, which sorts the cylindrical mechanical parts to be processed inside in an oriented manner, so that all parts keep the opening facing the same direction and the axis parallel to the conveying direction, and convey them one by one to the discharge end. Because the discharge end of the vibrating feeding plate 21 is precisely connected to the feeding end of the conveying groove 31 of the conveying track 3, the sorted parts directly enter the conveying groove 31. At the same time, the linear vibrator 22 located at the bottom of the conveying track 3 starts synchronously, and the linear vibration generated by it is transmitted to the conveying track 3, driving the parts in the conveying groove 31 to move at a uniform speed along the groove. The conveying groove 31 is adapted to the outer diameter of the parts to achieve circumferential limiting, prevent the parts from deflecting and tipping, and ensure the stability of the conveying posture. When the part is conveyed to the tapping station, the photoelectric sensor 45 immediately detects the workpiece and feeds back the arrival signal to the PLC control box 6. After the PLC control box 6 confirms that the signal is valid, it instructs the vibrator 22 to stop vibrating, the conveyor track 3 to stop conveying, and at the same time triggers the fixing mechanism 4 to start. If the photoelectric sensor 45 does not detect the workpiece or detects an abnormal workpiece posture (abnormal signal feedback), the PLC control box 6 prohibits the subsequent mechanism from operating and keeps the loading standby state to avoid the risk of empty processing or processing deviation. After receiving the start command, the vertical cylinder 42 of the fixing mechanism 4 is activated, and its piston rod extends according to the preset stroke, which drives the lifting plate 43 fixed at the end of the piston rod to move axially along the cylindrical component, so that the inner support clamping component 44 on the lifting plate 43 can be accurately inserted into the internal cavity of the workpiece. Once the lifting plate 43 has moved to the preset position, the PLC control box 6 instructs the vertical cylinder 42 to maintain pressure and keep the lifting plate 43 in a stable position. Subsequently, the drive component 443 of the inner support clamping assembly 44 is started, and the first servo motor 4433 drives the bidirectional threaded screw 4432 to rotate. The two guide rods 4434, which are parallel to and symmetrically distributed with the bidirectional threaded screw 4432, form a linear guide constraint on the two moving plates 441 that pass through them, so as to prevent the moving plates 441 from deflecting circumferentially. Since the two moving plates 441 are respectively engaged with the two reverse threads of the bidirectional threaded screw 4432, when the bidirectional threaded screw 4432 rotates, it drives the two moving plates 441 to move away synchronously in the opposite direction, causing the flexible pads 442 of the bent portions 4411 at both ends of the moving plates 441 to adhere to the inner wall of the workpiece. The pressure sensor built into the flexible pad 442 collects clamping pressure data in real time and transmits it to the PLC control box 6. When the pressure reaches the preset threshold, the PLC control box 6 instructs the first servo motor 4433 to stop rotating and lock the output shaft, fixes the bidirectional threaded screw 4432, and locks the positions of the two moving plates 441, so as to achieve uniform internal support and fixation of the workpiece. At the same time, the guide rod 4434 bears the radial load, reduces the load on the bidirectional threaded screw 4432, ensures the coaxiality of clamping, and provides accurate positioning for subsequent radial tapping. After the internal support is fixed, the pressure sensor sends a "clamping in place" signal. The PLC control box 6 sends a tapping command to the tapping mechanism 5. The drive unit of the tapping mechanism 5 is then started. After receiving the command, the piston rod of the servo cylinder 55 begins to retract. Through the fixed connection with the transmission plate 54, it drives the transmission plate 54 to move along the guide sliding hole 11 opened on the machine body 1 (the extension direction of the guide sliding hole 11 is consistent with the radial direction of the workpiece, forming a strict linear guide for the transmission plate 54). In turn, it pulls the movable mounting plate 51 connected to the transmission plate 54 to move closer to the workpiece radially. The second servo motor 52 on the movable mounting plate 51 starts synchronously, driving the tapping rod 53 on the output shaft to rotate at a preset speed. The servo electric cylinder 55 smoothly drives the movable mounting plate 51 to feed at the preset retraction speed, so that the rotating tapping rod 53 gradually approaches and taps into the preset hole position of the workpiece along the radial direction of the workpiece. During the tapping process, the servo electric cylinder 55 precisely controls the feed amount, and the second servo motor 52 stably controls the tapping speed. The two work together to ensure that the thread profile is regular and the surface roughness meets the standard. When the tapping rod 53 penetrates to the preset radial depth, the PLC control box 6 instructs the second servo motor 52 to reverse, and at the same time controls the piston rod of the servo cylinder 55 to extend, driving the transmission plate 54, the movable mounting plate 51 and the tapping rod 53 to move in the opposite direction along the radial direction of the workpiece, so that the tapping rod 53 exits the threaded hole at a uniform speed, avoiding scratches and burrs on the threads. After the tapping rod 53 is completely detached from the workpiece and reset to its initial position, the second servo motor 52 stops running, the servo cylinder 55 locks in position, and the PLC control box 6 sends a release command to the fixing mechanism 4. The first servo motor 4433 rotates in the opposite direction, driving the bidirectional threaded screw 4432 to rotate in the opposite direction. The two moving plates 441 reset towards each other, the flexible pad 442 detaches from the inner wall of the workpiece, and the inner support state is released. Subsequently, the piston rod of the vertical cylinder 42 retracts, driving the lifting plate 43 and the inner support clamping assembly 44 to reset along the workpiece axis and detach from the inside of the workpiece. After the fixed mechanism 4 is reset, the PLC control box 6 instructs the vibrator 22 to restart. The conveyor track 3 transports the tapped workpiece to the unloading area. At the same time, the vibrating feeder 21 and the vibrator 22 work together to transport the next workpiece to be processed to the tapping station. The photoelectric sensor 45 detects the position again and triggers the next processing cycle, realizing continuous automated radial tapping processing.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic tapping device, characterized in that, It includes a machine body (1) and an automatic feeding mechanism (2), a conveying track (3), a fixing mechanism (4), a tapping mechanism (5) and a PLC control box (6) installed on the machine body (1); The automatic feeding mechanism (2), the fixing mechanism (4), and the tapping mechanism (5) are all electrically connected to the PLC control box (6), and the top surface of the conveying track (3) is provided with a conveying groove (31). The fixing mechanism (4) includes a lifting plate (43), a driving member for driving the lifting plate (43) to move axially along the cylindrical mechanical component, and an inner support clamping assembly (44) disposed on the lifting plate (43) for fixing the inner support of the cylindrical mechanical component. The tapping mechanism (5) includes a movable mounting plate (51) that can move along the tapping direction, a second servo motor (52) provided on the movable mounting plate (51), a tapping rod (53) provided on the output shaft of the second servo motor (52), and a drive unit for driving the movable mounting plate (51) to move along the tapping direction.

2. The automatic tapping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic feeding mechanism (2) includes a vibrating feeder (21) and a straight vibrator (22) fixed to the machine body (1); the discharge end of the vibrating feeder (21) is connected to the feed end of the conveying trough (31), and the conveying track (3) is located on the top of the straight vibrator (22).

3. The automatic tapping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component includes a fixed frame (41) fixed to the body (1) and a vertical cylinder (42) fixed to the fixed frame (41); the lifting plate (43) is fixed to the piston rod end of the vertical cylinder (42).

4. The automatic tapping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner support clamping assembly (44) includes two symmetrically distributed movable plates (441) and a drive assembly (443) for driving the two movable plates (441) to move towards or away from each other; the two ends of the movable plates (441) have bent portions (4411) that bend outwards, and a flexible pad (442) is fixed on the clamping surface of the bent portions (4411).

5. An automatic tapping device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drive assembly (443) includes two symmetrically distributed fixed plates (4431), a bidirectional threaded screw (4432) rotatably disposed between the two fixed plates (4431), and a first servo motor (4433) for driving the bidirectional threaded screw (4432) to rotate; the fixed plates (4431) are fixed to the lifting plate (43); the two moving plates (441) respectively engage with the two reverse threads of the bidirectional threaded screw (4432); the first servo motor (4433) is fixed to the fixed plates (4431).

6. An automatic tapping device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drive assembly (443) further includes a guide rod (4434) arranged parallel to the bidirectional threaded screw (4432); the two guide rods (4434) are symmetrically fixed between the two fixed plates (4431) and pass through the moving plate (441).

7. An automatic tapping device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing frame (41) is equipped with a photoelectric sensor (45), and the photoelectric sensor (45) is facing the tapping station.

8. An automatic tapping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive unit includes a transmission plate (54) fixed to the end of the movable mounting plate (51) and a servo electric cylinder (55) fixed inside the body (1); a guide slide hole (11) is provided on the body (1) for the transmission plate (54) to pass through, and the piston rod of the servo electric cylinder (55) is fixedly connected to the transmission plate (54).

9. An automatic tapping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes guide rails (56) and guide sliders (57); the two guide rails (56) are symmetrically fixed on the body (1), and the guide sliders (57) are fixed on the bottom surface of the movable mounting plate (51) and slide in cooperation with the guide rails (56).

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